Houses made of timber are rarely practiced. The main reason is a slight reduction in living space and possible violation microclimate, which can cause an increase in humidity in the interior. Therefore, insulation of walls from the inside should be carried out carefully, with maximum responsibility.
Excess moisture can have a negative impact on the wood. To prevent the insulation from becoming damp, it must be protected with a vapor barrier.
Stage-by-stage installation work
More often internal installation Wall insulation is required when cracks form as a result of improper laying of beams or due to shrinkage of the material.
The technology of thermal insulation from the inside is practically no different from external works By .
The entire production cycle, which allows you to insulate rooms, can be divided into several stages:
- Preparation work surface. This stage includes caulking the cracks, creating a vapor barrier and creating a special sheathing on the load-bearing walls.
- Insulation of house walls using mineral wool.
- Interior decoration.
Before you start work, you need to stock up on everything necessary materials, as well as tools. In order for the thermal insulation from the inside to be as reliable as possible, you will need:
- Putty knife.
- Insect repellent emulsion.
- Liquid from rotting and fire.
- Chisel.
- Jute fiber.
- Wooden beam.
- Vapor-waterproofing film.
- Self-tapping screws.
- Building level.
- Mineral wool.
- Anchors.
- Axial fan.
- Stapler, staples.
- Wooden lining.
It is possible that you will need additional tools and materials to qualitatively insulate a particular house from the inside.
First stage: surface preparation
To perform high-quality insulation of the house from the inside, you should clean the inner surface of the walls of the house from dust as thoroughly as possible. Then the log house is treated with an emulsion that protects against the spread of insects, and a liquid designed to protect the wood from the processes of rotting and fire. If electrical wiring is located on the surface of the log house, it must be separated from the walls before attempting to insulate them.
After cleaning the surfaces, begin caulking the cracks. This is a necessary procedure that must be performed if you want to insulate the room. Immediately after the completion of the construction of the house, it is advisable to re-caulk it after a year, if no one lived in the building. If the house was used as a living space, re-caulking should be done as the wood dries out, after 2-3 years. The most common material for caulking cracks is jute fiber. If there are large cracks, you can use tape tow twisted into a tight roller. It is simply pushed into the space between the beams using a chisel. The gap should be filled with jute or tow until the material fits into the space.
When insulating the premises of the house from the inside, you must take care to reduce the “thermos” effect. Since the log house was probably insulated from the outside, thermal insulation will interfere with the free exchange of air and lead to increased humidity in the interior, as well as dampness of the wood. Therefore, in order to insulate the spaces of the walls without increasing dampness, it is necessary to install a vapor-waterproofing film on their surface. Apply the material with the rough side to the wood. This way they provide protection from humid air and allow the house to partially “breathe”.
Second stage: installation of sheathing and laying of mineral wool
To insulate interior space, you need to make a crate from a wooden beam. To get the maximum even corners prepare corner posts. A wooden beam with a cross-section of 50 x 100 mm is cut to the height of the room. A rail with a cross section of 50 x 50 mm and the same length as the height of the room is attached to the edge of the beam using self-tapping screws. Externally, the stand should look like the letter “G”.
Having prepared the racks, they are secured with self-tapping screws to the corners, controlling the position of the racks building level. The planes between the racks are filled with vertical bars with a cross-section of 50 x 50 mm, placing them every 50-60 cm. It is advisable to soak all the bars used in installing the sheathing with solutions that protect against insects and fire.
To insulate a room from the inside, it is best to use mineral wool. The roll is unrolled and a strip of the required length is cut, focusing on the height of the room. It should be noted that the width of the strip should be approximately 1-2 cm greater than the distance between the vertical bars of the sheathing.
The strip is placed in the space between the bars and secured with anchors with fairly large caps. After the installation of the wool is completed, another layer of vapor-waterproofing film is laid on top of it. The rough side of the film should face the insulation. In this case, the film will not only act as a moisture barrier, but will also protect inner space from microscopic particles of mineral wool, with the help of which insulation was carried out from the inside. The film is attached to the completed insulation with staples using a stapler.
Third stage: implementation of the ventilation system and interior surface finishing
Having completed the insulation of surfaces from the inside, you can expect an increase in humidity in the rooms and a deterioration in the microclimate. To avoid this, you should create forced ventilation in all rooms of the house where insulation was used. It is enough to connect all existing air ducts in one chain using attic space Houses. Can act as an air blower axial fan with medium or low power. IN winter period Ventilating the premises for 20-30 minutes will help maintain optimal air freshness, while wall insulation will ensure desired temperature. Having prepared forced ventilation, you can move on to finishing the work by starting to decorate the interior of the house.
Having secured the second layer of film to the wall insulation, small bars with a cross-section of 30 x 40 mm are mounted on top of the brackets. For interior decoration It is recommended to use wooden lining for walls. This will not only help to further insulate the room, but will also highlight the design features timber house.
If you are going to build wooden house, then the relevant question is how to insulate it from the inside. This point must be taken into account at the design stage.
Any wooden building needs mandatory insulation both outside and inside.
The work is being carried out in stages. The process should include:
- preparation of the working surface;
- leveling and sealing cracks;
- production of a vapor barrier;
- installation of the sheathing (it is installed on load-bearing walls);
- laying the heat insulator and sealing it;
- production of ventilation system;
- performing interior decoration of the premises.
Thermal insulation of walls
To fill the cracks you will need jute fiber.
To complete the first stage, you need to use special compounds with antifungal and antiseptic effects. The treatment must be carried out very carefully, only in this case the walls will be maximally protected from negative impact environment.
You will need jute fiber to fill the gaps. Fill all the cavities inside the walls with it using a special chisel. If there are large cracks in the surface of the walls, then they need to be filled with tape tow, which is rolled up before being placed in the cavity.
To prevent the accumulation of moisture that enters from the inside, it is necessary to create a vapor barrier in the thickness of the wood. To do this, the entire surface of the walls that will be insulated is covered with a special film.
Next, the load-bearing walls are lathed. This is also a multi-step process. First of all, vertical racks are made from timber, which are installed in the corners, with a cross-section of 5x10 cm and the same length as the height of the room. Along the edge of this beam there is a beam of the same length, but with a cross-section of 5x5 cm. The beams are fastened together with self-tapping screws. The result should be a stand in the shape of the letter “L”. Such racks are installed in all corners. They must be positioned strictly vertically; a level is used for this. When the racks are installed, vertical bars with a section of 5x5 cm should be mounted between them at a distance of about 60 cm.
Insulation is laid on the mounted sheathing. Most often, mineral wool is used for this purpose. It needs to be cut into strips, the width of which will be 1-2 cm greater than the distance between the vertical bars. Fix the insulation with anchors to the wall. It is necessary to fill all the empty space between the sheathing beams with insulation. After this, another layer of waterproofing film is stretched over the insulation.
After the second layer of the vapor barrier membrane is stretched, you can complete the interior decoration of the house from timber. Sheathing the inside of the house is done after the film is secured to the sheathing beams. For this you can use construction stapler. 3x4 cm bars are mounted on top of the staples used for fixation.
The interior cladding of the house is being carried out wooden clapboard. This will allow you to get additional insulation walls In this case, the interior will be maintained in characteristic style houses made of timber. Can be used instead of lining and plank. Externally, this material resembles a small beam. Its installation is best done horizontally.
High-quality insulation of a house made of timber is impossible without creating an effective ventilation system.
This will allow you to maintain comfortable humidity in the room. Ventilation system forced type necessary because wall insulation will increase humidity in the room. Perfect option Such a system is a network of hidden channels that will be discharged into the attic. Forced circulation air can be provided by a low-power fan. It will be enough to turn it on for 25-30 minutes a day to create conditions that are comfortable for staying in the house.
Insulation of a house made of timber is carried out using a certain technology using the following tools and materials:
- vapor barrier film;
- insulation;
- special mixtures to protect wood from insects;
- brush.
Preparatory work
Insulation of the walls of a timber house is done using various insulation materials. It is prohibited to use the following products for this work:
- dimensional insulation;
- expanded polystyrene;
- Styrofoam.
The above materials emit carcinogenic substances that adversely affect human health. Insulation of the house is carried out using thermal insulation materials that meet the following requirements:
- simple installation;
- environmental friendliness;
- safety for human health;
- durability;
- fire safety.
Experts recommend using special insulation with film, which does not require a vapor barrier. To insulate the walls of a log house from the inside, you will need to prepare the surface. Cracks, chips and gaps are eliminated. It is recommended to carefully inspect the condition of the joints, corners and joints of the log house. The walls are insulated after they have been cleaned of dust.
The surface is treated with a special insect repellent compound. Insulating a log house involves treating the walls with a liquid that protects the surface from burning and rotting. Surface wiring is separated from the wall. Then you need to caulk the cracks. The repeated procedure is carried out 1 year after the construction of the house. If the building is residential, it will be caulked again after 2-3 years.
The cracks are sealed with jute fiber. The voids existing in the walls are filled using special compounds and chisels. To caulk a wide crack, you will need tape tow. Thermal insulation of the walls of a timber house from the inside involves the installation of a thermal insulation layer. To reduce humidity it is recommended to use forced ventilation. Experts do not recommend installing direct external hoods. Ventilation ducts are connected by attic space. To maintain the required humidity in timber house use a low power fan.
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Step-by-step instruction
Insulation of the walls of a timber house is carried out after installation of the hydro- and vapor barrier film. It is placed with the rough surface facing the timber. This technology protects wood from moisture. In this case, excess moisture is removed. If the house is insulated using mineral wool, then lathing is installed.
For its manufacture, a timber or metal profile is used (when covering gypsum board walls). To do wooden sheathing, you will need to measure the height of the building. A beam with a cross section of 50x100 mm is cut taking into account the data obtained. A beam with a cross section of 50x50 mm (with a similar length) is placed along the edge of the previous rail. Self-tapping screws are used to secure the beams.
The resulting racks (in the shape of the letter “L”) are fixed at the corners of the building. To control the vertical position of the racks, use a level. Between the corner posts, beams with a cross section of 50x50 mm are laid in a vertical position. In this case, a step of 500-600 mm is observed. The timber used is pre-treated with a liquid that prevents rotting and fire.
The next stage involves laying mineral wool. Pre-unwind the roll. Taking into account the required height, a strip of insulation is cut. Its width should be 1-2 cm greater than the distance between the vertical bars. To fix the insulation, anchors with large round caps are used. It is recommended that two people work together to insulate the house.
To improve thermal insulation, fiberglass mats are installed. This material can be covered with a vapor barrier film on 1 or 2 sides. The walls behind the radiator are insulated with a special foil material.
If the insulation of the house is done using thermal insulation material without film, you will need to lay a vapor barrier layer.
It is necessary to prevent moisture condensation on the surface of the walls during sudden temperature changes. To carry out this work, a vapor barrier film is used.
Preface. Undoubtedly wooden houses made of logs, profiled and laminated timber are environmentally friendly and have a pleasant microclimate. But it is often cool in such houses in winter. How to insulate a timber house from the inside, what materials should be used? This article is devoted to this issue. At the end of the material, watch the video instructions for carrying out the work.
Is it necessary to insulate a timber house from the inside?
How to insulate a house made of ecowool timberThe main reasons for drafts and cold indoors are areas that are most vulnerable to heat loss. Errors during installation of a heat insulator, gaps between beams due to poor-quality installation or shrinkage - all this leads to a decrease in the thermal efficiency of a wall made of timber. In this article, we will look at how to properly insulate a timber wall from the inside, and what materials should be used to insulate a timber house from the inside.
Insulation of a house made of timber can be done from the inside, but it is less often done than external insulation, since the area of the house is reduced and humidity may increase if the work is done incorrectly. If it is impossible to insulate a house made of timber from the outside (you have already sheathed the house and do not want to remove the sheathing or you only need to insulate one room), then interior work require competent performance of work.
Sequence of work:
1. prepare the surface and caulk the cracks;
2. create a vapor barrier;
3. install timber sheathing on the walls;
4. lay and seal the insulation;
5. We create a ventilation system and carry out finishing.
Is it worth insulating a timber house from the inside with plasterboard? It is possible if it is impossible to do it outside. In addition to wall insulation, you should replace wooden windows on plastic ones and insulate the window sill and slopes. Only an integrated approach to this problem and use quality materials for thermal insulation will help to significantly reduce heat loss in the house through the walls and improve the indoor microclimate.
Stages of insulating a timber house from the inside
Preparation and caulking of walls
First you need to assess the condition of the walls, the quality of the caulking - carefully examine the condition of the corners, the joints of the timber. If you find defects, be sure to eliminate them and clean the walls of dust and dirt. The surface of the timber is carefully treated with an antiseptic against insects and rot. Also, Special attention It is worth paying attention to repairing or replacing surface electrical wiring, if it is on the wall.
After processing the wall protective impregnation, it is necessary to caulk the cracks. They caulk a house made of beams a year after construction in mandatory due to timber shrinkage. The cracks are sealed with jute fiber using a special chisel. When caulking walls, the gap between the beams is filled until the rope or tow no longer fits. This is a tedious and time-consuming job, please be patient.
Insulating the walls of a house with your own hands assumes that the insulation will be enclosed between vapor barrier layers to avoid getting wet, and the humidity in the house will increase, because... the walls won't be able to breathe. Indoor humidity can be reduced by using ventilation. This is necessary so that the timber does not become damp, in order to avoid rotting of the walls. Before installing the insulation, it is necessary to install a vapor barrier film.
Vapor barrier must be placed smooth surface to the timber, this way you will protect the insulation from moisture entering from the timber. The film will protect the insulation from getting wet and rotting in the future. We should not forget that basalt insulation They lose effectiveness when wet and begin to let in the cold. Next, sheathing is installed on the load-bearing walls to hold the mineral wool.
Installation of timber lathing on the walls
The sheathing can be made from metal profile or timber and cover the structure with plasterboard, wood paneling or plank. To obtain even corners, it is necessary to prepare corner posts. Measure the height of the ceiling in the room, cut a beam of this length and secure it level to the wall using self-tapping screws. Such racks should be made at a distance equal to the width of the insulation minus 1-15, cm.
Do not forget to treat all wood used with antiseptics or impregnations that prevent fire and rot. Now let’s look at how to lay ecowool and cover the structure with plasterboard.
Selection and installation of insulation into the structure
The choice of insulation is often determined by its price. Can be applied inexpensive insulation materials domestic production polystyrene foam or polystyrene foam. But for insulation residential buildings It is not recommended to use polystyrene foam, because the material begins to release carcinogenic substances. Modern certified insulation materials should be used natural materials, which will not violate the environmental friendliness of a house made of timber, for example, ecowool.
Having made the sheathing, lay mineral wool. First, the roll is unrolled and cut to the required length according to the height of the wall. The width of the mineral wool strip should be 1-1.5 cm greater than the distance between the vertical slats. If you are purchasing insulation already standard width, then you should make the sheathing with a distance between vertical posts 1-1.5 cm less than the width of the insulation.
Strips of mineral wool are placed between the bars. Modern basalt slabs do not require additional fastening. A vapor barrier film is attached over the insulation to protect the insulation from moisture. The film is fastened with a stapler, with an overlap between the strips of at least 15 centimeters. Additionally, seal the joints with tape. The film is laid with the rough side facing the room.
Ventilation and wall finishing with plasterboard
Finishing timber walls with plasterboard We said earlier that internal insulation houses made of ecowool timber, leads to an increase in humidity. Therefore, the insulation should be made ventilated. The wall should be finished with plasterboard or clapboard with a gap of several centimeters from the vapor barrier layer. To do this, after covering the mineral wool with a vapor barrier, additional 30x40 mm bars are installed, onto which the false wall is attached.
To ensure ventilation and a normal microclimate in the house, you should make an exhaust hood by connecting all the air ducts from the rooms into one. For a supercharger, you should choose a fan with low power. We hope that this information will help you insulate the inside of a private house made of timber. In the video you can watch a master class on insulation from a leading manufacturer of thermal insulation materials.