The advantages of plastic windows over wooden ones are considered quite obvious today. But ease of manufacture and installation does not mean quality and comfort.
Features of windows
Without the ability to breathe, plastic double-glazed windows often create conditions unfavorable for health. In addition, the stifling air does not become cleaner even after ventilating rooms with double-glazed windows.
Wooden windows in turn, they also have a number of disadvantages, the most important of which is susceptibility to moisture. But with proper care, a wooden window can last quite a long time and, thanks to its environmental friendliness and ability to breathe, will allow residents of a wooden or other house to stay in a more pleasant state.
Wooden windows have an important advantage - environmental friendliness and naturalness
How can you make a high-quality wooden window with your own hands? To do this, you need to stick to a simple plan and also have some skills in working with woodworking tools. Making windows yourself simple type has a memorable step-by-step character.
Preparation
Before making a new wooden window, it is worth preparing a number of tools, including a screwdriver and drill, a hammer with a set of chisels and chisels, as well as an electric plane. If there are no ready-made glasses for the window, you will also have to get a glass cutter. Additionally, you will need rulers and other small devices.
The materials you should take include the wood itself, self-tapping screws, window hinges, as well as a sheet of glass.
Main on the first preparatory stage The master's task is to create a drawing. Sketches or drawings must contain clear dimensions of each window element.
When they are created, it is usually done to scale, respecting all relative distances. An incorrectly drawn up diagram can lead to senseless waste of materials or premature destruction of the window.
When buying lumber, you should always buy it with a reserve so that you have enough. If you plan to make more than one window, then it is better to make one sample and then proceed from the amount of materials that actually went into making one window with your own hands.
Blanks
Wooden blanks for wooden window parts should be made from wood that is best suited for it. Pine solids are often used for windows because they are easy to process and quite resistant to moisture. Oak materials are also often used.
Requirements for lumber:
- drying for high level(about 22-23 percent humidity);
- absence of chips, rotten knots and other defects.
Individual parts and blanks are manufactured according to the drawing. This must be done using regular cutting tools- jigsaw, saw. Already finished parts better to sand it.
In some cases, instead of solid wood, laminated veneer lumber can also be used. Their main feature is that, thanks to the glued structure, the beams from many layers remain quite stable and do not deform for a long time.
Box
The basic size of the raw material for creating a regular wooden window box is a board with a section of 150 by 50 millimeters. The box consists of four boards, which are connected to each other using grooves and tenons made with a milling cutter or chisels. They are made dense in such a way that they fit into each other quite rigidly. In this case, all 4 parts of the box must be connected to each other strictly perpendicularly.
The strength of the finished structure depends on the strength of the connection.
In order to groove finger joint Having acquired greater strength, it is stitched through and through using a wooden rod, under which a separate hole is drilled.
The finished wooden window base is installed in the window opening, and the gaps between the frame and the walls are foamed with polyurethane foam. It is worth noting that too large gaps between the walls and the box cannot be sealed with foam alone, since a layer of foam of more than 5 centimeters can deform the box. Therefore, it is advisable to make the window opening optimal size with a margin of up to 5 centimeters.
When wooden building and walls made of beams or wooden frames, we also use sockets, the production of which has its own characteristics.
Window frame
Before you make a frame, you need to determine the base material for it. Window frames are made from beams with a section of 50 by 50 millimeters. The manufacture of window frames provides for one of two processing options - you can make either a 1-glass or 2-glass profile, which have 2 or 3 grooves, respectively (one for each glass insert and one for the frame).
The grooves, as a rule, have a recess for sheets of glass 10 millimeters high and 14 millimeters wide. The bead that will secure the glass is 10 millimeters wide (based on glass 4 millimeters thick). The groove for the box is slightly larger and has a cross-section of 15 by 20 millimeters.
Making wooden windows with your own hands is generally a simple process, just like assembling their most complex part (the frame). First they gather window frames made of wood in the same way as the box was assembled. Their elements are connected using tongues and grooves, which are glued with glue.
Sometimes frames are additionally fastened with metal corners (using self-tapping screws). Although the corners provide additional structural strength, they negatively affect their static appearance.
Glass
Even if all the dimensions of a do-it-yourself wooden window, frame and opening for glass are known in advance, the glass still needs to be measured before cutting. This is important to know in fact, since a deviation of even 1 millimeter can cause the window to blow out.
If you accurately measure and cut the glass, this will provide enough high density its connection to the base of the frame.
Working as a glass cutter requires skill and experience.
To cut glass, a glass cutter is used, the technique of working with which also needs to be mastered. If you don’t have the skills to cut glass, it’s better to ask a specialist or buy glass the right size in the store, where it can be immediately cut according to the specified measurements.
The edges of the glass are quite sharp and therefore need to be processed using sandpaper.
If glass processing is done independently, then it is very important to adhere to safety precautions, the instructions for which have several important points. First, you need to use special gloves with rubber pads, since even the smallest pieces of glass can injure your hands. Secondly, it is advisable to protect your face with a mask and glasses.
Before you start cutting the main sheet, make a few preliminary cuts to determine the optimal pressure on the glass cutter.
When cutting glass, you need to press it with optimal force. If you do not press too hard, a poor-quality cut will lead to chips appearing on it. Otherwise, excessive force will cause the glass itself to crack, which will not only damage the glass, but also lead to injuries and cuts.
When cutting, the glass cutter is held along a ruler, which can be made of almost any material. You can also use a regular block as a ruler.
After cutting, the glass is placed in the window frame and secured with glazing beads. A sealant is first applied to the wood.
A window made of wood, a frame is mounted. For this, self-tapping screws or window hinges are used. After this, the window sill is installed.
The simplest window, made with your own hands, will provide your home with warmth and comfort, and will also be inexpensive.
If necessary, you can make several such windows and install them in a box with external and inner sides. This makes it easy to provide additional insulation for the winter.
With your own hands you can create almost any device or element of the house that will become a reason for joy. After all, even a wooden window can not only replace plastic double glazed window, but also become good test on the professional suitability of a novice carpenter.
Video: DIY window block
A little background. The windows in our house in Peterhof were, one might say, rare: the year of manufacture was one thousand nine hundred with a tail, the fittings were Soviet-style latches, the exterior was like that of a “thirty-four” after Kursk Arc, thermal conductivity is excellent. In short, it was cold in winter, but appearance, to put it mildly, did not satisfy even such an unnatural comrade as me. The easiest thing was to order plastic, but I really wanted to try my hand at carpentry, which resulted in a month of leisurely work in my free time.
In the summer of 2013, I made the frames that can be seen in the pictures below.
Glued sash.
And here the sash is in the frame and there is also a bumper so that water does not accumulate in the cracks.
Almost ready product, covered with Pinotex. There is no double-glazed window in the blind part yet.
I ordered double-glazed windows with different thicknesses glass and different distances. If I'm not mistaken, the formula was 4-10-6-12-4. For two windows (2 double-glazed windows in blind parts, 2 in sashes) it cost about 9 thousand rubles. The larger double-glazed windows (those that were installed in the blind parts) were very heavy. The two of them almost burst while they were pushing the frame with glass into the opening.
New window in the opening. Well, since there was such a booze, I sawed, sanded and installed new window sills.
I have already made slopes here. I installed the glazing bead about a month later.
I’ll say right away that counting all these quarters, mortises and tenons was tedious, and the final finishing and polishing was a rather tedious task. However, in 15, the party’s wife said “it’s necessary” and puzzled me with windows for a house in a village in the Novgorod province. The situation at that historical moment was such that... Well, in general, there was no situation. I just bought a car, I’m feverishly hammering in banknotes to plug the hole in the budget, and here you go - we could use four windows, and two of them can be opened. There is no reason to buy plastic, so I had to start the jointer, surface planer and other equipment again. This time it took less than a week, since the windows were much smaller, and I didn’t bother making double quarters in the sashes, I made do with one. Raw material: timber 50*100. Process illustration:
Pair gluing. In the absence of wire, I made do with clamps.
The tenons and grooves are cut, the workpieces are assembled.
We make a rounded edge along the inside.
This is how the junction turns out.
We drill holes for the fittings, use a router to select recesses for metal platforms accessories.
We hang it for subsequent chemical treatment. Jars of Pinotex under the table.
First layer: Pinotex Base. In the background are windows installed two years ago.
Second and third layers: white Pinotex Ultra.
The glass unit is single-chamber, since no one lives in the village in winter.
Carefully apply transparent sealant.
The suction cups came in handy for once, otherwise they were all lying around idle.
Complete window with glazing bead and false frame.
My view from the rear.
Facade with new windows.
These are the kitten pies we got.
List of tools: jointer, surface planer, miter saw, sawing machine, router, belt and vibrating sanders, chisels, mallet, screwdriver (drill), clamps, calipers, square.
List of moral and psychological qualities: patience, accuracy, the ability not to break the tool when it turns out that a cut was made on the wrong side of an already processed and glued workpiece.
Guys, there is nothing super complicated about this. The most difficult thing for me was to imagine the junction of the tenons and grooves in three dimensions. With square-section bars this does not cause any difficulties at all, but when the quarters go, you have to strain a little. I didn’t master AutoCAD, so I had to keep all the isometrics in my head while working. Otherwise, all you need is patience. The second batch of windows turned out much faster for me. Between these two parties there were a couple of simpler and smaller windows: just blind window with one quarter where the glass unit is inserted. I actually made these in three days: the first day - sanding and gluing (two hours), the second day - quarters, tenons, grooves, assembly, sanding (five hours), the third day - impregnation (two hours).
Most people call specialists to replace windows and insert plastic or aluminum frames. Their main disadvantage is that they are relatively high price and the need to use special equipment during assembly. Is it possible to make a window frame with your own hands? What tools and materials are needed for this?
Figure 1. Wooden frames are environmentally friendly and have low thermal conductivity.
After all, for glazing country house or greenhouse windows, it is not at all necessary to install a plastic frame - it is quite suitable homemade design made of wood.
Read also:
What you need to prepare
To make a homemade wooden frame, you need to purchase completely dry wood in the form of bars or their glued version. Many people use plywood to make the frame.
When choosing a material, you need to take boards with a section of 5X15 cm or timber 5X5 cm. The following auxiliary parts and materials will be needed:
- wood glue;
- metal window angles;
- glass.
You need a drawing and carpentry tools: saw, chisels, hammer. Once everything is purchased and prepared, you can begin to work.
How to make a wooden window frame with your own hands from bars
Very good material for work, often used in construction - it is glued wooden beam. You can also use it regular option made of solid wood, but this increases the likelihood of the frame losing its shape due to exposure to precipitation. This can be avoided by covering the wood with a special protective compound.
The technological process of manufacturing a structure consists of the following stages:
- The first step is to make a window frame. To do this, a groove is cut in a 5x15 cm board so that the board looks like the letter “G” in profile. Such a comb is needed to seal the future window.
- They accurately calculate the dimensions of the structure and begin to saw the boards, each of them must be divided into four parts of the required size, and they are connected to each other. The most reliable option for such an assembly is to use a tongue and groove. To quickly make them, you need the following tools: a chisel, a hammer and hand saw or electric cutter. Grooves are made on the vertical parts of the frame. Spikes are cut out on horizontal segments. After making all these parts, they are coated with wood glue and the parts of the box are connected, not forgetting to maintain the accuracy of all connections using a 90° metal square.
- The next stage of work is strengthening special window angles in the corners of the ends of the frame. They are purchased at the construction market or in a store, and they are necessary to give the required rigidity to the box.
- Give the glue some time to dry and begin making the frame for the movable part of the window. The beam for it should have a smaller cross-section than for a window frame. Therefore, its cross-section is reduced so that the gap between the frame and the main frame is in the range from 0.1 to 0.2 cm.
- The frame parts are connected in the same sequence and using tenons and grooves, as described above in the manufacture of the window frame.
- After complete assembly inside the window it is attached to the frame using hinges. You must first insert a glass sheet, although this can be done after the frame is completely assembled with your own hands.
The structure is ready for use (Fig. 1).
Making a window from plywood
If you try to make a factory-made frame profile at home, you can ruin the purchased material.
Therefore, to eliminate this problem, you can make a frame with your own hands from strips cut from a sheet of plywood.
To do this, it is quite enough to have four such stripes, which must be connected into a rectangle. At the same time, do not forget to set a right angle at the ends of the structure using a measuring square. To obtain the desired profile, the frame is assembled with your own hands from several of these rectangles, which have different widths.
At the same time, do not forget to take accurate measurements, otherwise the design will turn out to be lopsided. In this “hybrid” method, windows with a shaped profile can be obtained from plywood.
This method is suitable for both fixed and multi-leaf window structures containing one, two or three rows of glass. For a frame with one row of glazing, it is enough to have 8 plywood strips connected into 2 rectangles. To secure the glass sheets, the second layer of strips must have a width less than that of the first rectangle.
The resulting parts are fastened with self-tapping screws.
If two or three rows of glass are inserted, then all parts are coated with wood glue.
Required tools and materials
- Wooden bars and boards.
- Plywood.
- Glass.
- Metal window corners, handles.
- Wood glue.
- Self-tapping screws.
- Window hinges.
- Saw.
- Chisels.
- Hammer.
- Electric drill with cutter.
- Roulette.
- Metal ruler.
- Square.
- Pencil. Paper (for drawing a window).
Anyone who has basic skills in working with tools and the desire to do something with their own hands can make window frames on their own. The main thing is not to be lazy.
Make a window with your own hands not as difficult as it might seem at first glance. You just need to stock up on the necessary materials, patience and learn some subtleties. Most often, windows are made independently during the construction of a summer house, closed veranda or greenhouses.
If you have confidence in your abilities, then having acquired quality materials, you can make a window with your own hands for an apartment or house. The main condition for the resulting product will be perfectly correct geometry and compliance with the requirements of good tightness. In addition to the fact that the result will be a durable, warm and healthy window, you can save significant amount money.
Of course, it is very difficult to achieve such assembly precision as occurs in factory production. But, observing all technologies relating to the joints of parts window design, you can get high-quality results.
Make DIY plastic window is possible only with the use of professional equipment and having certain skills. Therefore, the easiest way is to make a window with your own hands using more available materials, for example, wood.
Preparatory stage for installing a window with your own hands.
To complete the work, you must prepare the tools in advance. Will be needed following materials and tools:
Hammer;
Screwdriver;
Glass cutter;
Chisel;
Electric planer;
Wooden beam;
Polyurethane foam;
Self-tapping screws;
Sandpaper;
After preparing everyone necessary materials and tools, it is necessary to take measurements to draw up a large-scale drawing of the future window. If the drawing is drawn up correctly, then it will be easy to calculate the amount of material required for the work. After all the calculations and preparation of tools, you can begin making the box.
DIY wooden window box.
As a rule, when making a wooden window, pine is used as the material. It's affordable and practical material at a reasonable price. Plus, it's great for first-timers. make your own window. Oak can be used as a material. The window will be stronger and more durable. But in case of failure, the material will become unusable, and its cost is quite high.
Regardless of the type of wood, it must comply certain requirements. The material must be well dried and free from damage or other defects (for example, knots or cracks). When choosing a material, it is necessary to take into account that the box is located in window opening and it bears the entire main load.
Some experts advise choosing laminated veneer lumber as a material. It is believed that the frame has high strength and copes well with various influences that can cause deformation.
To begin with, take a board with the following dimensions: 150x50 mm. Then, grooves are made on the box parts, shaped like the letter G. The depth of the grooves should be approximately 15 mm. After this, the blanks of the future box are connected to each other in the groove area using special wood glue.
After this, you need to drill holes and place a wooden rod in them, at least 3 cm long. This will increase the reliability of the connection and achieve necessary requirements immobility and rigidity.
The resulting box is mounted in the window opening so that it is motionless. To do this, holes are drilled in the wall into which dowels are driven. Self-tapping screws are used as fasteners.
After inserting the box, small gaps and gaps may form that need to be treated with polyurethane foam. It serves as a sealant and performs an additional strengthening function.
Important! With this installation, the mobility of the boards, which can occur due to temperature changes, is not taken into account.
Making a window frame with your own hands.
To make your own frame, you need to take a beam with a cross-section of 6x4 cm. Depending on the design of the future window, you can use a larger beam.
The profile of the frame depends on the number of glasses that will be used, their thickness and the size of the beads.
If one glass is inserted into the profile, then two grooves are made rectangular shape, which are necessary in order to place the glass and subsequent installation in the box;
If there are two glasses in the profile, then another groove is made.
To make a profile with your own hands you will need a router or electric plane. Standard thickness glass is 4 mm, glazing bead thickness is 10 mm.
After preparing the boards, you can begin assembling the frame. The boards are sawn to the required dimensions at an angle of 45 degrees. They are connected to each other using the tongue-and-groove method. To impart immobility to the entire structure, self-tapping screws are additionally used.
Advice! It is necessary to screw the screws as deeply into the wood as possible. So that the caps are recessed into the material and do not protrude above the surface of the wood.
Do-it-yourself glass work for windows.
For this stage important point is the exact determination of glass dimensions. This is necessary for a tighter fit, which will avoid the formation of possible bridges in the structure for the entry of cold air. When taking measurements, values should be taken taking into account each millimeter.
Glass cutting is carried out using a diamond glass cutter. The end parts of the prepared glass are processed with sandpaper.
When working with glass, be sure to follow basic safety requirements:
Wear gloves to protect your palms from possible cuts;
Wear safety glasses. To avoid possible glass dust or chips getting into them.
When working with a glass cutter, the cut is made using a ruler along which the tool is guided. The ruler should be longer than the length of the glass being cut.
After this, the glass moves to the very edge of the table. The cut is carried out by hand with light pressure. IN ideal it should break exactly along the line drawn by the glass cutter.
The resulting glass is tried on the window frame. If the size matches the required one, it is pulled out for carrying out next stage works
Before placing the glass in the window frame, all grooves are treated with a sealing compound. To further secure the glass in the frame, a bead is used. It is attached to the frame using thin nails. If, for some reason, wide glazing beads are used, then they can be secured using self-tapping screws.
If it is planned to insert two glasses into the window, then a vertical beam is mounted in the center of the frame, which is also equipped with grooves. In such a window, each half is executed separately. The second frame should be narrower than the first. It is attached to the main frame with hinges. In this case, you will get an opening sash.
The last stage of installation work on the window with your own hands.
After the window is completely assembled, it must be inserted into the frame and secured well. The window is attached using self-tapping screws, which must pass through the frame. This may require a special mounting gun and metal dowels for it.
The gaps and cracks formed during the assembly process must be treated with polyurethane foam. Proceed to plastering work only possible after polyurethane foam dried well.
To complete the installation of a wooden window, like any other, you need to install a window sill and ebb.
Select the type of wood you are going to use to make the window. For this type of work you will need well-dried planed boards. The cross-section of such boards should be 50x150 mm. Using an electric planer, it is necessary to make a groove on the board so that the profile board has the shape of the letter G. This installation event will contribute to the tightness of the structure.
Based on the size of the window opening, the board must be divided into four parts. The resulting parts must be connected to each other. The connection can best be made using straight tenon or straight groove. While working, it is necessary to cut out a tenon on one of the boards (which will perform a horizontal connection). A groove must be cut on the other board (which will make the vertical connection). The joints must be coated with wood glue and the boards must be joined. The connection of the boards of the box should be made at an angle of 90 degrees. To strengthen the structure, a hole is drilled in the end of the box and a wooden pin coated with glue is inserted. Also, to strengthen the structure of the box, it is necessary to install in the corners metal corners and attach them to the box with screws. The box will be ready for further use after the glue has dried.
The frame is manufactured and connected using the same method as window box. In the process of manufacturing the frame, a beam is used, the cross-section of which should be 50x50 mm. In order for the frame to open and close easily, it is necessary to leave a gap of 1-2 mm between the frame and the box.
Step 4: Window Frame Tenon Joints
The profile must be divided into blanks and a tenon joint must be made on them using a saw, hammer or chisel.
It is necessary to install glass and hinges in necessary places. After completing these steps, work on creating the window can be considered complete. The window must be treated with anti-corrosion materials and painted to protect it from moisture.
Thus, the article described and characterized the process of making a window frame with your own hands.