Any of the owners of a garden plot knows how tedious and painstaking the work associated with cultivation can be. different cultures. Especially since similar work Most often, older people are involved, for whom it is not so easy to overpower the loads associated with tillage before planting and during the cultivation of garden plants. To simplify this difficult process, there is an electric cultivator, which can be done with your own hands at home. Below are the simplest models of such structures.
Cultivator: concept, scope
An electric cultivator is a device equipped with an electric drive and designed for cultivating the land. Thus, it can be a full-fledged analogue of manual labor and will perfectly cope with the task of loosening the soil, fertilizing, creating beds and weeding them. talking in simple words, electric cultivator - mechanized chopper.
Attention! The device in question is absolutely not intended for cultivating large agricultural areas. But it is perfect for caring for a small flower garden, garden plot, etc.
The main task of the cultivator is to give the soil necessary structure(he removes a layer of earth no more than 30 cm deep), thus preparing it for fertilization, watering and other manipulations with a plot planted with crops.
Among the main advantages of an electric cultivator are the following:
Creating an electric cultivator with your own hands
With the help of simple devices, which can be found in almost every house where a man lives, you can make a simple, easy-to-use and, most importantly, practical cultivator powered by the mains. The following are the simplest models of such products.
Starter design
A cultivator from a starter can be made if available in home garage starter from some car. In our case, we will talk about the starter from Gas-51. To ensure that the part performs its functions efficiently and for long period time, you will need to perform some manipulations with the starter to improve it.
It is necessary to shorten the starter shaft a little, after which it will be necessary to replace its front cover and make many holes with a diameter of about 5 mm in both the front and rear cover. Through these holes, the air will be blown with high quality by a fan that can perform this function with the help of an electric motor shaft, for example, from some old truck. At the ends of the working shaft, cultivator cutters should be installed.
Engine
The semi-finished unit is mounted on a pre-prepared power platform made of sheet steel.
Advice. Since the design will turn out to be quite cumbersome, care should be taken to strengthen the base for the cultivator. For this purpose, longitudinal stiffeners are used, which are welded to the power platform.
Bulgarian construction
From the grinder, you can make a compact cultivator of low power. It is quite enough for weeding between rows in the garden or on garden plot. Bulgarian in this design acts as an electric drive.
All other components for creating a cultivator can be taken from an old motor cultivator. Average grinder power - 600 rpm. Therefore, a cutting wheel is not suitable for it. The best option is to use a pulley with a groove for the V-belt.
An angle grinder suspension unit is welded to the frame of the old cultivator. To connect finished product You can use an extension cord on a reel to connect to the mains.
The finished product will turn out to be quite light, compact, and high-performance (the cutters of the device will produce about 300 rpm).
Advice. To make it more convenient to work with an electric cultivator and your hands do not feel overstrain, small pieces of a rubber hose can be put on the handles of the product, matching the diameter of the pipes of the cultivator.
Washing machine design
If your house has an old completely useless (but working) washing machine lying around, do not rush to throw it away: try to make a wonderful small electric cultivator using its engine.
To create it, you need a simple set of parts:
- An ordinary wheel with a diameter of about 1.5 m, which will perform the simplest function - a motor one.
- Electric motor from old washing machine(even the Soviet version will do).
- Metal corner about 3 m long.
- Twin wire.
- Drum and a piece of tin to create a protective casing.
- Springs from the car (they will make excellent knives).
- Reducer, toggle switch and start button.
Now you can proceed directly to the assembly of structural parts. The first step is to do everything welding work. Then comes the preparation of knives for the cultivator. To make them really work, you need to follow a simple rule: each of the knives must have its own trajectory of movement, and it should not intersect with all the others.
The engine will need two windings: working and starting. The first one will be connected to the network in a constant mode, while the second one is needed only to start the finished garden power tool.
That's all the subtleties that you should know to create a simple and efficient cultivator design that works on the site. Good luck!
How to make an electric cultivator with your own hands: video
Assembling a homemade electric cultivator is quite easy. First of all, we make knives for the cultivator from a steel tape bent in the form of a loop, springy steel is best suited. After that, it is attached to wooden handle, the length of which is determined independently. As a result, you will get a loop with a diameter of 20 cm, slightly less than the row spacing. The loop is sharpened along the edges to increase productivity.
What is a homemade electric cultivator or how to make an electric cultivator
To make an electric cultivator, you need to purchase a reduction gear, I found a gearbox from an industrial meat grinder at home. I welded two corners to the gearbox housing, and two curved pipes for the handles. For greater strength, a metal spacer is welded between them. Wheel axles need to be welded onto the corners. It is desirable to put wheels large diameter so they don't get stuck.
The most important detail in this design is a shaft machined from scrap. In this case, a connection is made in the slot. The nozzle of the meat grinder is knocked down with a sledgehammer. The result will be a cast-iron bushing with thick walls. A workpiece carved from scrap is placed there. Grousers made of automotive spring.
The angle of the lugs is 120 degrees. When installed, they turn slightly helical to resemble screwing a screw into the ground. This will make it easier to guide the cultivator. With fast movement, the earth is plowed in large clods. If you move slowly, the earth is ground.
An engine switch is installed on the handle of the cultivator. To connect it, a "triangle" circuit with a capacitor start is used.
At first glance, the service life of the manufactured unit is not long, because a fairy tale is not provided homemade shaft located in a cast iron sleeve. But since the cultivator is used seasonally, it turned out to be enough to lubricate this interface with any oil once before work.
Homemade cultivator video compilation
How to make a homemade plow for a cultivator
homemade plow for a cultivator consists of working bodies, mechanisms and auxiliary units. When the plow is working, a layer of soil is cut off with a knife, which is equal in width to the capture of the body. Removed thanks to the skimmer upper layer, which is covered with remnants of vegetation and weeds. Then he puts it in the furrow, which was formed during the last call.
When small-sized agricultural machinery (motoblocks, cultivators) is used, the body is mainly used. To reduce the cost and simplify the plow, the number of additional nodes is often minimized.
The blade of the body and the ploughshare form a common work surface plow. Based on technological requirements, energy and kinematic conditions, choose best option its forms. Many people use at work on personal plot plow general purpose.
During plowing, they crumble well, but do not completely turn over the layer. They are mainly used in the processing of old plowed soils. For plowing virgin, fallow, meadow and other heavy soils screw share-dump plows are used.
Plow body
The basis of the plow body is the trihedral wedge ABCO. Its parameters are used during the design of a specific structure, which give it technological and operational properties.
The angle a, which is located in the longitudinal-vertical plane, is responsible for the crumbling and bending of the soil layer. The wrapping of the earth layer occurs due to the angle θ located in the transverse vertical plane. To move the reservoir to the side, the angle y, which lies in the horizontal plane, corresponds. Due to these parameters, the earth layer bends and crumbles. All these parameters are interconnected by a trigonometric relationship:
Based on this, only two angles change arbitrarily. To determine the third, use the values of the first two. Quite an important conclusion for any designer. If one or another parameter is changed, the trihedral wedge acquires a share-dump surface of a certain type: helical (angle b), cylindrical (angle a), cylindrical (angle y), standard.
Knowing all the necessary parameters, making a plow for an electric cultivator will not be a problem.
Related Posts:
How to choose a cultivator for a summer residence? electric or petrol? 
How to do manual cultivator do it yourself 
We make a cultivator with our own hands 
How to make a homemade cultivator 
Moto cultivator Champion, description, reviews and video reviewsTreatment land plot- it's heavy physical work requiring not only good health, but also for a significant amount of time. Therefore, in order to facilitate the cultivation of the land, many summer residents and rural residents use mechanized way cultivation of their gardens. To do this, you only need to have a desire, a bright head and hands that can make the necessary adaptations.
It will not be difficult to make an iron assistant for work on the site. After all, almost every owner has old spare parts from an automobile or household appliances, which are just right for such purposes.
From things that are unnecessary at first glance, you can easily make a walk-behind tractor or a home-made motor-cultivator. Made by hand complex mechanisms are constantly being improved and serve for a long time.
The simplest unit for manufacturing is a chainsaw cultivator or an electric cultivator. But to make a walk-behind tractor with your own hands from rear axle WHA is much more difficult. This requires some knowledge of the technology and properties of metals, as well as plumbing skills and the use of special tools.
Having an electric cultivator for tillage in your backyard is a time saving and physical strength. Of course, large areas cannot be cultivated with this unit, since its stroke is limited by the length of the power cord. But it is quite possible to loosen the earth in the garden, in the beds and flower beds. And due to the fact that it runs on electricity and not on gasoline, it is used in large greenhouses and greenhouses.
Almost anyone who is familiar with the laws of electrical engineering and physics from the school course can build a home-made electric cultivator with their own hands.
Necessary materials:
Tools:
- Welding machine.
- Bulgarian.
- Set of keys, pliers, hammer.
Electric cultivator device
Using the example of the Krot mini-cultivator, well-known since the 1980s, you can try to create a similar thing yourself. At first, it will be imperfect, but with the acquisition of experience in the manufacture of homemade products, such equipment becomes not only convenient to use, but also multifunctional, and as a result, indispensable on their own land. In order to make an electric cultivator with your own hands, a drawing and a diagram are presented in the figures.
Main elements
The drawing shows the optimal version of the device. If desired, it is simplified, based on the availability necessary details and the direct purpose of the unit. For example, you can remove the gearbox and shift handle and transfer the rotation of the engine through the intermediate shaft directly to the working body with knives. The clutch in this case is a roller for tensioning the belt - it is also removed. And also for ease of management, you can assemble a one-wheel cultivator.
The speed of rotation of the knives for loosening is regulated by the diameter of the driving and driven sprocket. By the way, instead of them, the chains use various pulleys and belt drive. This lightens the weight of the unit and eliminates noise. In addition, the belt slips when the working knives hit stones or shrub roots, which favorably affects the operation of the motor.
Scheme of switching on a three-phase motor
Here Cp is the working capacitor. Simplified connection is often used, that is, without Cf. When starting the engine, the starting capacitor Sp is connected, and then disconnected. To do this, use the button (Kn) from the old washing machine or circuit breaker, which is used on home electricity meters.
Instrument control
When the engine is started, the rotation of the working body with knives begins. In this case, it is necessary to hold the cultivator in place with the help of an opener, which is deepened into the ground. After processing this piece of soil, the unit is lifted by the steering wheel, thereby releasing the coulter, and the cultivator moves to the next place. Further, similar actions take place.
With such an iron assistant, up to 6 acres are processed in one day, provided that the land is normal and without roots. The depth of loosening depends on the length of the knives and the power of the engine and can reach from 17 to 22 cm. With loamy and heavy soil, a motor of about 3 kW should be installed.
Motoblock manufacturing
To do this, the electric motor is replaced with a motorcycle or other gasoline engine, which has higher power and has a reverse (forward / backward). Instead of the working body of loosening, two more additional wheels or lugs are installed and the travel speed is reduced due to the gearbox. Thus, a full-fledged walk-behind tractor is being built from a simple cultivator, the mechanical capabilities of which are much higher. Further improvement leads to the creation of a minitractor, which is able not only to work in the field, but also to transport goods using a trolley.
Attachment
For the production of planting and other work, a hiller is made from disks of agricultural harrows, various cutters, a roller, a flat cutter for weeding, a digging plow and other attachments that facilitate physical labor in the garden. Each of these devices has its own mount, which clings to a homemade walk-behind tractor.
With the help of a plow-digger, one person can plant 10 acres of potatoes within 2-4 hours. First, a furrow is made into which the seeds are laid out. And when creating the second furrow, the first one is backfilled simultaneously. Thus, planting potatoes occurs evenly and quickly. Digging is done by the same and exactly the same method. Just before that, it is necessary to mow the tops with a lawn mower or trimmer, which are also made by hand.
Types of homemade
Motor cutter from improvised materials.
This is one of simple homemade, created for loosening the soil to a depth of 27-30 cm. It is a frame welded from profile pipes 50×70 mm. The size of the frame itself depends on the engine used, which is usually installed on IZH-Planet, IZH-Jupiter motorcycles, the Ant scooter or other similar equipment.
The cutters are assembled with a crosspiece of steel plates 5 × 40 mm, their ends are bent with the letter G and sharpened. They are evenly distributed in the amount of 6-8 pieces and reliably welded to the steel shaft.
Myself power unit together with the gearbox and clutch, they are mounted on top of the frame, and the working shaft with cutters is mounted on bearings from below. The engine and shaft are connected by a standard motorcycle chain.. The steering wheel is installed, the gas handle and the clutch lever are attached to it. Be sure to weld the mount for the coulter to the frame. Without it, soil milling is impossible.
When the engine is started and the first gear is engaged, the rotation of the working body with cutters begins. The processing speed is pretty decent. In 4-5 hours you can walk 10-12 acres. It should be borne in mind that the motorcycle motor has natural cooling. Therefore, after 40-50 minutes of continuous operation, it is allowed to cool. For the successful operation of the motor cutter, it is necessary to design a fan for the engine and direct the air flow to its fins forcibly.
Chainsaw-based motor-chopper.
Highly lightweight construction from a bicycle steering wheel and any chainsaw. Everything is attached to a small frame. Has no wheels. A reduced copy of the cutters is used as a working body. Weeding width 25-28 cm, depth 6-8 cm. The control knobs are brought directly to the steering wheel. The motor-chopper is very convenient to use between the rows of plantings.
Homemade motorboard.
This design resembles a skateboard, only the diameter of the wheels is increased. The board is extended. In the back, they put the engine from the chainsaw. Management is brought to curved arc handle to hold while moving. The speed depends on the quality of assembly of the mechanism and can reach 100 km/h.
Bicycle scooter.
For a real Kulibin, there is nothing more familiar than putting an engine from any moped on a bicycle, which is chosen with wheels of a smaller diameter. But not everything is so simple. The spokes must be strengthened, the structure itself must be arranged so that the engine does not interfere with the legs and at the same time is well blown by the oncoming air flow. For the rear wheel, it is desirable to make shock absorbers, which makes it possible to drive on country roads. It is even possible to use regular wheels from a real scooter, but this is due to the alteration of the forks. Engine control is displayed on the steering wheel.
For weeding between rows and working in the garden, I made a small electric cultivator. With his help, victory over weeds is ensured. Compared to more capricious petrol or diesel engines, it is trouble-free and convenient, turned on - and work.
Used as a drive an ordinary grinder, without any alterations. (Please note, we have already written how to do it earlier.) The only thing that has to be done before agricultural work is to temporarily unscrew the side handle. I use all three holes for attaching the side handle to attach this impromptu drive to the cultivator. Working with a cultivator is seasonal, so basically I use the grinder for its intended purpose.
I took the rest of the parts and assemblies from a failed motor cultivator. Bulgarian has 6000 rpm. Instead of a cutting wheel, it was necessary to install a pulley Ø50 mm on it with a stream for the V-belt, through which rotation is transmitted to the pulley Ø150 mm of the cultivator's gearbox. Basic worm gear has a gear ratio of 1/38. Thus, the cutters of the mini-cultivator rotate at a speed of approximately 250-300 rpm. The depth of tillage remained the same - up to 100 mm.
I also use it, which I made for drawings taken from the site for Craftsmen. Very convenient and necessary - I recommend.
Before hilling the potatoes, I loosen the aisles with an electric cultivator and every other day, so that the pulled out weeds dry out, I hill the potatoes without special efforts, playfully. Our earth is clayey, heavy, especially when it dries up, but with a cultivator the work becomes much easier. It is a pity that our industry does not produce such electric cultivators.
1. Electric cultivator. The cultivator taken as the basis for the design has undergone minimal refinement. A grinder suspension unit with a drive belt tensioning mechanism was attached to the frame by welding.
2. The electric cultivator is light, miniature and has good performance, and most importantly, you do not need to spend money on fuel. 10492 04/08/2019 7 min.
Soil cultivation is one of the main agricultural activities, which is an obligatory part of the annual tillage regime. Thanks to this process, loosening and mixing of the soil is carried out, more weeds are destroyed, and the surface of the field is leveled.
This process is carried out with the help of cultivators. Also, there is the concept of deep loosening, during which, without turning over, the soil is loosened to a depth of more than 12 centimeters. For this, they are used special devices- chisel cultivators.
Cultivation is necessary because it improves the quality of the soil many times over, making it more suitable for the growth of any crop.
After cultivation, water and air conditions improve, beneficial microorganisms are activated. This increases the productivity of the land, increases the number of germinated seeds and improves the quality of the crop.
As a result of cultivation, topsoil becomes more fertile– the resulting loosened layer retains moisture much better and prevents its evaporation.
Also, the plot not only becomes more even and easier to work with, but also contains much fewer weeds that can simply suffocate the crop after it rises - when this moment comes, remove them without damaging useful plants very difficult.
Also, cultivation is especially beneficial for the soil in dry climates where the top, fertile layers of the soil are not able to retain enough moisture for the normal growth of most crops.
Digging the land, in this case, leads to even greater losses and a complete imbalance - the harvest may be even worse than if the ground has not been dug up.
About the manufacturer
On large areas, cultivation is carried out using special equipment - a tractor, to which cultivators are attached. various designs, With different form cutters that perform loosening.
But the use of such equipment and the use of complex technologies and cultivation methods is not beneficial in areas with a small area.
Therefore, in order to achieve good results at harvest in household, on areas of about one hectare are widely used motoblocks and motor cultivators with appropriate attachments.
Cultivators for the garden, manual, electric for summer cottages, have repeatedly proved their usefulness, as well as efficiency - depending on what kind of area needs to be processed and what additional functions should perform this technique, you can choose exactly what the best way suitable for the future owner of the walk-behind tractor (or try to make homemade new versions for the walk-behind tractor).
In addition, if necessary, a set of additional equipment independently, using only what is currently "on the farm" - from improvised materials, products are obtained that, in terms of their functionality, are not inferior to products assembled in the factory.
But still, even walk-behind tractors, regardless of where and by whom they are made, have their drawbacks. First of all, this is the main part of each product - the engine. Regardless of whether it is gasoline or diesel, it still needs care and repair (adjusting the carburetor of a walk-behind tractor is not so difficult).
Every engine needs regular oil changes, each has parts and expendable materials which wear out very quickly and also require regular replacement.
The same applies to attachments- there are variations a large number of, but most often only a small part of it is used, just a few fixtures that also need repairs, which can not always be done quickly, especially if the workshop does not have its own personal welding machine.
And without it, doing something is very difficult and even impossible. Therefore, in order to facilitate the task of gardeners, in cultivating the land, the Muromskaya PROMTECH company offers an alternative to bulky devices - cultivator LopLosh.
The company is manufacturing mechanical devices narrow specialization with electric drives and details for them.
The products of this company have already gained confidence and have become popular among owners of small farms, due to their convenience and practicality.
Lop Losh, the name of which comes from two words - a shovel and a horse, are especially popular.
Features of their design, horizontal cutters, an electric motor as a drive and a convenient design allow cultivating almost any soil without special costs time, effort and resources.
In this area they successfully compete with any other devices and mechanisms, such as: cultivator Mantis, Caiman, Viking, Texas, Swift, Champion, Patriot outperforming them in many ways.
Popular Models
For those who liked the LopLosh cultivator, the price will depend on which model they choose. In total, the line includes three models that differ from each other in power, and, accordingly, in the type of soil that they are able to process.
But all are united by a special design of horizontally located cutters. There are three of them, two of which are power, operating at a speed of 300 rpm. They are designed for loosening, weeding the soil, and in fact, perform the main function.
One cutter has a higher turnover used for mulching virgin soil development.
1100
Electric cultivator LopLosh 1100, this is a device with the least power that are presented on the equipment market - it is about 1.1 kilowatts. This power is enough to process light soil at a fairly fast pace.
The electric motor that is installed on this product is asynchronous, single-phase, and operates in continuous operation. The weight of the entire product is approximately 35 kilograms, the working width is 30 centimeters, the depth of tillage is 18 centimeters.
The price of this product is Russian market is about 16 900 rubles.
1500
Electric cultivator LopLosh 1500, second most powerful cultivator. Basically, it is identical to the previous model, with the exception of some parameters, such as engine power, which is already 1.5 kilowatts, and a weight of 37 kilograms.
The rest of the characteristics are absolutely identical - single-phase asynchronous motor, continuous mode of operation, the width of the soil capture is 30 centimeters, the depth of its processing is 18 centimeters. The average price of this product is 18,400 rubles.
2000
Electric cultivator LopLosh 2000, most powerful product from the LopLosh line of cultivators. The power of the engine installed on this model is 2 kilowatts. It is able to work in continuous mode and has a weight of about 38 kilograms.
This device is the best option for owners of sites with heavy soil, because of the entire line of cultivators, it has enough power to loosen most of them in a single pass.
In this video, the launch of the presented model.
DIY
In fact, making a do-it-yourself loplosh cultivator will be not so difficult. All you need is a strong frame to which all the components will be attached - the control handles, the support post and the electric motor.
The main part, the engine, of course, will need to be chosen responsibly, since it will need not only big power, at least one kilowatt, but also reliability - it will be located on a loose structure.
The power cable must be selected in such a way that its insulation is resistant to all possible influences, because most of the time he will be on the street and lie on the ground.
Also, in order to ensure reliability, good fittings are needed - all switches and relays must be designed for the fact that they will be operated in difficult conditions and with large vibrations, which over time can make them unusable, without the possibility of repair.
One of the most labor intensive jobs in agriculture is harvesting. With a Polesie combine harvester, you will quickly and efficiently harvest the entire crop.
A snowmobile will help you get around the snowy terrain. Ermak snowmobile is quality, speed and reliability.
A garden sprayer is an important and highly effective tool that allows you to protect plants, fertilize them in time and carry out preventive maintenance. you can learn how to make a sprayer with your own hands.
Frame and metal parts can be made from any metal, except for the handles - they must be insulated as best as possible to avoid electric shock if electricity, somehow get on the body.
The only serious problem can only be the manufacture of a gearbox to transmit torque to the knife shafts.
In fact, it will be quite difficult to make it at home.
But, in the event that the correspondence of the home-made design to the original is not important, three knives can be easily replaced with two, or even one - as you know, the main thing is not the quantity, but the ability to use. In this way, a single knife can be connected directly to the engine, without the need for additional parts.
User manual
Those household owners who have purchased a LopLosh cultivator, the instruction manual will explain main functions and method of work cultivation and mulching.
It consists of several paragraphs and subparagraphs, which describe the purpose of the device: loosening the soil, forming furrows, hilling manure, processing turf, chopping weeds, cultivation between rows. The following are the technical data of the model, to which the manual and delivery kit are provided, what is included in it.
The following are the safety requirements for working with the device: exclude work with the device in the rain, use protective clothing, during adjustment and maintenance of the device, it is necessary to disconnect it from the mains. During soil cultivation, the power cable must be in a visible place, it must always be in sight.
The next item is a description of the device device, where all the main parts of the device are indicated, the sequence of their connection. Practically processes are described at the end of the manual, which can be performed using LopLosh and the procedure for preparing the product for their implementation:
- For loosening, left and right knives are installed on the shafts, and side walls are mounted on the gearbox.
- Knives must be installed in such a way that they cutting part was directed in the direction of rotation. The walls are fastened in such a way that the fastening studs become on their own seats, they must be fixed with nuts.
- The depth at which loosening will be carried out must be set by installing bonnets, above or below the knives.
- For mulching, it is enough to install special knife on the high-speed shaft, and side walls must be installed on the gearbox.
- In order to form furrows with the help of LopLosh, you need install multiple knives- on the power shafts of the left and right row knives, and on the gearbox, at close range to it, a hiller is installed.
In this video, the formation of beds with a LopLosh cultivator.
After the device is prepared for one of the operations, it is necessary to correctly position it on the cultivated soil. This process is described in the next section of the manual.
The main conditions are the installation of the device in right direction, handles in the direction of movement, and the placement of the power cable, which should be placed in rings on the leash.
The movement during tillage can be carried out at maximum speed, at which there are no signs of a large load on the engine - it does not make extraneous noise and does not overheat.
Conclusion
In the household, in the garden, in the field in order to facilitate work and achieve good results, use only old, old-fashioned methods not enough. With the help of simple equipment alone, you can successfully cope with only a few hundred acres of light soil.
But in order to cultivate a large area of land with heavy soil, to make it fertile and bringing good harvest possible only with the help of special devices specially designed for this purpose.
This is exactly what LopLosh is - simple in design, this device allows you to do a large amount of work, for a very a short time. Despite the fact that its price is more than the cost of a simple shovel, the result will be much higher than the initial costs.
The caterpillar attachment to the walk-behind tractor will be a useful addition, we recommend that you read it.