Ecology of consumption. Estate: This article discusses the basic rules for the construction of stove heating in a private house. The combination of new solutions and familiar traditions makes it possible to create a durable and efficient heater, completely independent from a centralized source.
In any private home, the problem of uninterrupted hot water supply and general heating is very acute. For these purposes, the most various options, but the simplest and most effective is the heating system, which is connected to the stove. Currently, it is possible to purchase a ready-made metal stove on the market, although you can save money by installing a heating system by making a system based on a brick stove. Such a water heating system cannot be called very expensive, since the stove can be easily installed with your own hands. To build a water boiler, a regular metal pipe or sheet metal is used. From sheet metal weld a container intended for water, and then connect it to the general heating circuit.
With a relatively simple installation process and affordable price, the stove remains a profitable option for heating homes. It is especially convenient for heating when combined with a water circuit.
Advantages and disadvantages of water stove heating
Today it is very common to see the use of a heating circuit based on a stove. This option is most popular for country houses small in size, where there is no point in installing expensive gas or electric boilers.
Among the advantages of such a heating system are the following:
- Simple and quick oven installation process. You can purchase a small metal stove that can provide independent heating efficiently, but you can also build a regular brick stove that will last a long time.
- Easy to maintain the stove, which only requires regular cleaning of the firebox. This installation is ideal for a private home, since there is no need for expensive maintenance.
- This fairly efficient system, if installed correctly, will have an efficiency of approximately 60 percent when running on liquid fuel.
- The possibility of combining a stove with a fireplace can thus not only provide a heating system for a private home, but also improve the interior decor.
- Possibility of regulating combustion using a conventional damper.
The disadvantages of such a system are the following:
- To install the furnace structure, you need a lot of free space, since the amount of heat transfer depends directly on the size of the furnace itself.
- The system undergoes a long warm-up process, which makes a sharp increase in temperature impossible. It takes a lot of time to fully warm up a private home.
- To use ovens of this type, quite strict standards are put forward. sanitary standards, since combustion products can quickly pollute the room. For this reason, constant cleaning of the equipment is required. Intended use special means when leaving. However, such autonomous heating systems do not cause any serious problems if the structure is regularly cleaned, and with constant maintenance it does not take much time.
- A water stove heats the house unevenly, with the highest temperature observed near the stove, and in the distant rooms of a private house the heating is not so good.
- It is important to pay special attention to fire safety measures when using a stove system.
Types of furnace with water circuit for heating
This type of equipment is manufactured in two versions. They take an already installed stove and install a coil in it. This option is considered very labor-intensive, which is why it is used less often. This is due to the fact that when making a coil, it is necessary to rely on the existing dimensions of the firebox.
The heat source is laid out with your own hands in accordance with the dimensions of the register. A properly folded stove will guarantee that it will stand for a long time and serve reliably.
It is imperative to ensure that the inner size of the shirt starts from 4-5 centimeters. Otherwise, the water will begin to boil in it, which is even more likely if its circulation is weak. To correct this flaw, a pump is installed. The heat exchanger must have a wall of at least five millimeters. If it is smaller in size, the register will simply burn out, which will lead to its forced replacement. Replacing it requires disassembling the furnace floor, therefore, such carelessness will be very expensive.
The walls must have a thickness that directly corresponds to the type of fuel used, and more specifically to its calorific value. Thus, for example, if the firebox is fired only with wood, then the walls can be made less than three millimeters. When using coal, it is better to make the walls at least five millimeters thick. In this case, you also need to leave a gap between the wall and the register of approximately ten to twenty millimeters. This must be done in order to level out the thermal expansion of the metal used, thus maintaining its integrity.
Combination of water and stove heating
A classic wooden house with stove heating has one important drawback: the room is heated by the heater extremely unevenly. There is always heated air above and near the stove, but in rooms far from it it is cold. For this reason, in large houses it is necessary to make several stoves to ensure a uniform heat supply.
However, water and stove heating in a private house can be combined. To do this, the usual traditional brick oven is equipped with a register, that is, a heat exchanger made of plastic steel or pipes, which resembles a coil in shape.
It is located at the base of the chimney or in the fuel room, and the water inside is heated by the heat of the stove. Then the water flows through the pipes into the radiator, uniformly heating the building of the house. Such a system has several undeniable advantages:
- Uniformity and efficiency of heating. You can place radiators in each room, providing it with constant heat during combustion. Since a house made of wood itself retains heat quite well, and besides, it can also be heated, such a heating system will be quite effective.
- Absolute independence. There is not a central gas pipeline everywhere; moreover, it is not uncommon for rural areas power outages. In this regard, in winter you can suddenly be left without heat at the most inopportune moment. Wood or coal heating depends only on the wishes of the home owners. A classic stove can serve for decades without causing any interruptions in the heat supply if fuel is stored in advance.
- For a country house with stove heating, there is no additional cost for servicing equipment by professionals. For a Russian stove, only periodic cleaning of the firebox from soot and ash is required, but the rest of the system will work uninterruptedly.
Although stove heating also has certain disadvantages: this type of heating is quite fire hazardous, so it is necessary to strictly observe all home protection measures. The movement of such heaters is not permitted. This option cannot be called mobile. He is not acceptable to two-story houses, since it will be necessary to build an additional furnace, which will be quite expensive.
Stove heating in a wooden house, which is combined with a water circuit, makes it possible to save on fuel costs, although you will need to heat the stove daily. Another of the few disadvantages of this system is its inability to work without the direct control and participation of people.
Preparation for construction and design of stove water heating
The first step is to develop a project, which is best discussed with relevant experts in the field. For stove heating in a house with a water circuit, as a rule, it is assumed that the stove is located in the central area of the house and in such a way that the firebox goes out, for example, into the kitchen or other non-residential premises, and the housing should be located in the residential premises. This placement allows you to heat several rooms efficiently at the same time.
The size of the stove is determined by the dimensions of the house itself. At the same time, one meter of stove area is capable of heating about 35 square meters in a house, therefore, according to this indicator, its value can be calculated for a specific building or house.
In certain cases, a register is purchased for a ready-made furnace, however, this happens quite rarely. Often the first step is to make or purchase a register required area, and after that a furnace of a given size is assembled along it.
The register can be made of sheets or pipes, but in any case the thickness of the metal must be at least 3-5 millimeters. Thinner metal will burn out quickly, which will require replacing the heat exchanger, which will lead to large financial expenses.
A register is installed in the fuel compartment, leaving no gap between the walls and it. big size to compensate for thermal expansion and ensure more efficient heat transfer. In addition, it is necessary to provide access to periodically clean the firebox, since ash and other combustion products reduce the efficiency of the heater.
It is important to take into account that when installing a register, the size of the fuel chamber decreases, and therefore coal or firewood must be added more often. This can be provided for if you build a firebox the size of a coil and make it large enough to heat the entire house.
The most important condition for the operability of the system is the constant process of circulation in the water pipes, for which they must be placed at an angle; it is also advisable to install a circulation pump, which ensures uninterrupted stable operation and prevents the coolant from boiling.
It is important to know that it is not allowed to construct a structure without a slope, focusing only on the functioning of the pump. In the event of a power outage, the pump will fail, the coolant will boil in the pipes, and the entire system will fail. The system must also be equipped with an expansion tank to compensate for the expansion of water due to temperature changes.
Having completed the design of the work, it is recommended to show the completed diagram to the appropriate specialists, since any mistake can make the entire structure unstable, and therefore safety rules should never be neglected.
To work, you should prepare the necessary tools in advance:
- building level;
- square;
- brush for grouting;
- masonry trowel;
- hammer;
- pick.
Procedure for installing stove heating
The size of the stove and its location, as a rule, are reflected at the stage of designing a house, according to which the location of partitions between rooms, as well as furniture in the house, is calculated. To equip a full-fledged large furnace, you will need to prepare a concrete base that can support its entire weight. Laying down floor base, you need to provide an indentation, that is, a gap between flooring material and the base of the stove, which further reduces the likelihood of fire.
To build a stove, you need properly mixed mortar and high quality bricks. Some professionals do not rely on proven proportions, but rather on intuition. But if the master doesn't have great experience, then it is better to purchase the building mixture in ready-made form.
A waterproofing layer is laid on the base, and the bricks are soaked in water. Afterwards they begin to lay them out in order on the foundation. A row arrangement of bricks is called a row arrangement. If the dimensions of the furnace are known exactly, then you can easily find the order on the Internet, having previously planned the construction stages.
A coil-register is placed in the design, to which pipes are subsequently connected for the output and input of coolant. The stove is assembled using seams measuring a maximum of 4 millimeters; in addition, it is necessary to ensure that there are no sharp corners inside the smoke exhaust ducts and firebox. Rounded corners are required that do not reduce quiet smoke removal, so that less soot will accumulate in the firebox.
There are several important rules when building a furnace:
- A gap is required between the stove and the walls, in addition, it is necessary to lay a metal sheet in front of the firebox. The floor and walls will be protected from fire by simple walls.
- It is necessary to reinforce every 4 rows of masonry to give it maximum strength. Reinforcement is carried out using metal pins.
- The clay mortar should have average plasticity. If you make the solution yourself, then you need to roll up a small ball and throw it on the floor. A solution of normal consistency will not produce large cracks or crumble.
- The chimney must be at least 5 meters high. It is completed by a headband - an element that protects the pipe from debris and rain getting inside, and also allows for increased traction and is an additional element of the building’s decor.
Water circuit installation process
Register for water stove heating
For efficient operation of equipment for a heating water system, it is necessary to install a so-called register, which is a boiler or heat exchanger. It is also often called serpentine. Such a register is placed in the stove firebox.
A water stove heating scheme for a private house consists of the following elements:
- combustion chamber;
- ash pan;
- sealed oven door;
- hatch for cleaning the oven;
- special surface for heating the oven;
- injector;
- gate;
- cutter;
- convection pipes;
- grate
In this case, it is better to make boilers or water heating registers from sheet steel or from a pipe with a stack thickness of 3-5 millimeters.
When making a container yourself, it is important to take into account that only welding is used to connect parts. When connecting heating pipes, you need to use special connection elements in the form of fittings, couplings, etc. Using this type of design for your home will make it possible to save money on a boiler, for which the manufacturing materials will cost much less than if you buy a ready-made one. The best option is to use a regular metal pipe for water heating, in which holes are simply made for the outlets and inlets of the pipeline.
Also, when constructing a heat exchanger for a private house, it is necessary to take into account the thickness of the walls of the structure being installed. If you plan to operate the stove with wood, then its walls can be made thinner, but if water heating is carried out using coal briquettes, then it is better to make the thickness thicker. If you do not take this detail into account, the boiler will burn out very quickly, and therefore you will have to change it soon. To do this, in turn, you will have to disassemble the oven. Thus, you will actually need to reassemble the stove after replacement.
Do-it-yourself stove and heating system installation
Installing the stove yourself is not so difficult, although you can also use a ready-made metal structure. However, a stove made of brick looks much more aesthetically pleasing. If the worker knows how to handle this material, then the laying of the furnace for the heating system can be done independently.
The process begins with choosing the right brick. In this case, you need to take only red ceramic brick, which was previously fired. It is recommended to choose only high-quality bricks. In order to install the stove, the following are not suitable:
- unfinished brick of pale pink color;
- baked brick with a glassy film on the surface.
Normal material has a uniform red color and produces a metallic sound when tapped. It is not enough to use only red brick when working, since it is a little weak for the swamp.
In this case, refractory refractory bricks can be used for the firebox:
- for burning stone corners, it is better to take fireclay bricks;
- for heating with wood or peat - white Gzhel or Borovichi brick.
One of the most important steps is mixing the solution, especially if you do it yourself. Today you can find ready-made dry mixtures on sale. They just need to be diluted with water. But you can make such a solution yourself, using the simplest ingredients. In this case, the procedure should be as follows:
- The sand is carefully sifted.
- Clay for mortar is placed in a container and filled with water, and then kneaded with hands.
- The resulting clay solution is left for three days, and after this time it is advisable to strain it through a sieve. The mixture should have the consistency of thick sour cream.
- Next, a test solution is made. If you use thin clay, you need to mix 4 different test portions, each 0.5 liters. Sand is added to this clay solution. Each piece of clay has following proportions- 1, 0.75, 0.25 and 0.1, and if the clay used is oily, then the following are 2, 1.5, 1 and 0.5. Then it checks which one should be used masonry mortar for a heating stove. A piece is pinched off from each part and a ball with a diameter of 5 centimeters is made from it. Next, the ball is rotated between smooth bars and compressed. Thus, the result is assessed: if large cracks form in the ball, and it itself compresses by 1/3, then this indicates average plasticity. This is the solution that should be used to construct the furnace.
- Having completed the check, the solution is prepared in the established proportions, focusing on its quantity per hundred bricks. This takes two buckets of clay and one and a half buckets of sand. The mixture should be stirred. The mixture should not spread over the masonry trowel, but should slide off it smoothly.
To mark the masonry for furnace equipment, special planed wooden blocks can be installed on the sides to be able to control the verticality of the wall of the future furnace.
For self-masonry the furnace is assumed that the seams will have a thickness of no more than 3-4 millimeters. Today there are quite a few options for laying a brick stove for a heating system in a private home. Among general requirements, which are presented to them, the following can be distinguished:
- reinforcement of every fourth row of masonry using metal rods;
- all internal parts of the stove must be made rounded and without protrusions, which means that the use of chipped bricks is prohibited;
- for a private one-story house, the pipe must be located from the grate pipe at a height of at least 5 meters;
- when passing the roof, it is necessary to perform a brick “fluffing”, or rather a gradual build-up of bricks;
- It is imperative to install a cap above the exit of the chimney, protecting it from snow, moisture and debris and enhancing draft.
Conclusion
Various systems can be used to install autonomous heating in a private home. One of the most used systems is stove heating. Currently on the market you can find many options for more modern devices, including electrical and gas systems. However, their operation requires fuel sources that are quite expensive. And metal or brick stoves are more economical, in addition, they can be made by hand.
This article discusses the basic rules for the construction of stove heating in a private house. Only part of the requirements for installing a furnace yourself is indicated here, and it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with their full list. It is advisable to consult with professional stove makers, or better yet, follow the process of its operation, thereby gaining invaluable knowledge that is not found in the relevant books and manuals.
The combination of new solutions and familiar traditions makes it possible to create a durable and efficient heater, completely independent of a centralized source. By maintaining the heating unit and furnace in good condition and in good order, you can not worry about the operation of the heating and the heat in the house for many years.
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Stove heating of a private home is still one of the most popular in all Russian regions. Previously, several stoves were used to heat a large house, which were installed in different rooms, but this is not the most economical option, since it requires large quantity solid fuel.
Stove heating of a private house - sketch
Today, thanks to developed modern schemes, as well as the fact that many different modern species stoves, organizing heating has become much easier. It happens different types and using different fuels. To choose the most suitable option for your home, which will suit all parameters, you need to take a closer look at some of the types and find out how they work.
- For small, well-insulated houses, consisting of one or two rooms and a kitchen, one heating system will be sufficient. cooking oven, made of brick.
- For larger buildings, it is necessary to carefully consider the heating system so that the entire house can be heated from one stove. For this purpose, heating is used using a water or steam circuit.
- For a one-story building, such a circuit can be connected to a brick stove or one made of cast iron. When installing a system in a two- or three-story house, a cast iron stove-boiler is more suitable.
The next thing you need to decide is the type of fuel. The system can be heated with wood, coal, peat, gas, diesel, electricity or several of these. This choice will determine which heating stove to purchase.
Brick oven
So, as mentioned above, for a small building it is enough to build one stove, which will be heated with wood or coal.
The stove model must be chosen in such a way that it can not only heat the premises, but also be an assistant in cooking.
To ensure that this heating structure does not cause any inconvenience and is as efficient as possible, you need to choose appropriate place. A well-placed stove can easily warm two rooms and a kitchen.
For example, this model shown in the figure would be a good option for heating three rooms. You need to know that the heat transfer from the stove depends on the surface area of the structure, i.e. if one side of the stove opens into the room, it will be fully heated. In addition, the massive structure takes much longer to cool down. By heating the building in the evening, you can be sure that it will radiate heat into the room until the morning.
The stove must be laid during the construction of a house, but its foundation must be separated from the general foundation of the building. It is possible to install a brick stove in an already built house, but this will be more difficult, since you will have to raise part of the floor and make a hole in the ceiling and roof to install a chimney.
This diagram clearly shows the structure of the building, the structure of the foundation, the chimney channels and the passage of the pipe through the floors with all the necessary parameters that must be adhered to.
What size house can be heated with a brick stove with a water circuit?
A brick stove can also be adapted for heating large areas if, when building it, a heat exchange element is placed near the firebox through which the coolant will pass, heating up and then circulating in the heating system distributed throughout the house. In this case, you may need to connect a water pump, which will accelerate the movement of coolant in the system.
Heat exchange elements can be of different shapes; the photo shows one of them. It is embedded in the structure of the stove near the combustion chamber so that, passing through it, the water quickly heats up and enters the pipes and radiators.
The inlet and outlet pipes from the heat exchanger are led outside the furnace structure, and the heating circuit is connected to them. Next, the system is filled with water, which will act as a coolant.
In this case, metal-plastic pipes are used for wiring and connection to the circuit.
In this diagram, the heat exchanger is located above the firebox and is shown as a red grate. The blue line marks the cooled coolant, which passes through the circulation pump and enters the heat exchanger - this part of the circuit is called return. The red line marks the heated water entering the radiators.
Also installed in the heating circuit membrane tank, which can be located in any accessible location in the circuit, but it is advisable to install it on the return pipe.
It is also called a closed expansion tank. There is a nipple on its upper part, through which air is pumped into the upper chamber. When water in the system heats up, it expands and excess water rises into the tank, stretching the membrane. When cooling and the corresponding pressure drop, water is pressed back into the system. In this way, possible pressure surges in the pipes are smoothed out, and the risk of destruction of the integrity of the system from overheating is minimized.
Video sketch: an interesting version of a fireplace stove with a heating circuit
Cast iron stove
Cast iron stoves, although small in size, are capable of heating enough large room volume up to 80-90 cubic meters. meters. This option will be ideal for country house, since the device has a hob function. Thanks to their elegant design, today they are also happily installed in expensive mansions, as they are an interior decoration.
The best option of all cast iron models is a long-burning stove. She's capable for a long time give off heat to the room, despite the fact that firewood is placed in it only once during the entire heating period. This effect is achieved due to internal structure stove, which allows you to reduce the active flame to slow smoldering.
A long-burning boiler-stove can also have a water circuit.
Cast iron stoves with water circuit
Cast iron stoves with a water circuit are produced in different capacities and are designed for heating different areas. Some of them are capable of heating a two- and three-story house. The heating circuit is constructed using the same system as for brick stoves.
Furnaces are made from cast iron and combined type, i.e. having electric heating, which turns on automatically when the temperature of the smoldering wood decreases. This combination of oven functions will always help maintain the heating system at the desired temperature.
Cast iron boiler-stoves can also be designed for a double-circuit heating system, i.e. In addition to the warmth in the house, the owners will also have heated water.
What should you consider when choosing and installing a stove?
When choosing which heating stove will be installed in the house, you need to correctly formulate the requirements for it, and, based on them, purchase or build a heating device.
- The heating properties of the entire brick kiln structure are very important. Therefore, if you decide to install such a stove, you need to choose the right project and ensure the ideal construction of the building.
- The efficiency of the heating system will also depend on the design and layout of the water circuit, as well as the choice of radiators for the heating system. There are stove designs that can operate in summer and winter mode- this factor also contributes to the economical operation of the device.
- Part of the savings can be attributed to the long cooling of the furnace, which will allow you to use less fuel.
- An important point is ease of operation and maintenance.
- The design must comply with all rules fire safety according to its location and installation.
- A properly executed design will have the required draft, which will protect the house from carbon monoxide entering the premises.
- The oven must be calculated on on long period operation.
- Of course, it would be nice for the stove to become a real decoration of the house, and not just be functional from a practical point of view.
Positive and negative aspects of stove heating in a private house
In most cases, stove heating is installed if necessary, in the absence of main natural gas. But heating with a stove has its advantages and disadvantages, which it would also be nice to know about.
What are the disadvantages?
Negative points include:
- It takes quite a long time to heat up the stove, and therefore the premises. This occurs due to prolonged heating of the walls and coolant in the system.
- Not very high efficiency of a brick building. To increase it, you have to build a higher chimney, make it a labyrinth type, so that the heat remains inside the structure longer.
- A brick stove occupies a fairly large area, but only on such a scale is it capable of heating several rooms at the same time.
- Unlike heating with natural gas, the stove must be supervised throughout its entire combustion, since brick options require constant addition of fuel. Long-burning cast iron stoves are an exception, since firewood is added once per burning session.
Positive points
Stove heating also has many positive qualities, which are often decisive in choosing it for installation in a private home.
- Autonomy, which means reliability. The house will always be heated, even if the electricity and water are turned off.
- Affordability of construction and operation of the structure.
- Cost-effectiveness in purchasing fuel and no bills for main gas supply or hot water, which, unfortunately,
- Simplicity in operation - oven does not require programming, and if problems arise, they can be resolved independently, without the involvement of specialists.
- Since the stove does not require communications for its operation, it can be installed or erected in a house located in any region and locality.
Video: how to build a stove with a heating circuit yourself
Due to the fact that today gas lines are not installed everywhere, stove heating remains relevant and indispensable. Stocking up on fuel in advance and keeping the fire burning in the stove is all that is required of the owner of a stove-heated home. Therefore, in some houses, even if there is gas heating are in no hurry to get rid of reliable brick buildings, and are also installing cast iron stoves- fireplaces to create not only a warm, but also a cozy atmosphere in the house.
Despite the presence of central or autonomous water heating, many owners of dachas and private houses cannot imagine their home without real oven. Indeed, a stove can create comfort in any environment, and besides, having such an assistant, you don’t need to worry that for some reason it suddenly turns out that there is nothing to cook dinner or heat water with.
Heating stoves can be made of metal (most often cast iron) or made of brick. Which one should you choose? - this will depend on several criteria: the area of the room in which it will be installed, financial capabilities and personal preferences of the owner of the house.
Brick heating stoves
Traditional and brick fireplaces have always been and remain the most popular for homes. This fact is not surprising, since such stoves combine the most important functions, which are difficult for a person to do without even in a country house - heating a house and maintaining a comfortable microclimate in it for a long time, cooking, heating water, drying clothes, preparing for the winter.
“Classics” are, of course, brick ovens That is why, despite the emergence of more modern heating devices, many still prefer brick buildings. Their variety is great - a very large number of designs are known that differ from each other not only in size, but also in functionality. This variety allows you to choose the model that is most suitable for the specific area and interior of the house and meets the needs of the owners.
To understand the nuances of brick ovens, it makes sense to consider several of the most popular options. However, no matter what type is chosen, it must in any case efficiently heat the house, and one of the most important design conditions for performing this function is the size of the furnace combustion chamber. Having decided on this parameter, it will be possible to choose the stove itself, since any of them is designed with a certain calculation.
The required size of the combustion chamber must be in accordance with the heated area. In addition, the minimum cross-section of the chimney pipe directly depends on the size of the firebox. You can use the following table as a starting point when choosing:
| Room area in sq. m | Portal volume in cubic dm (liters) | Fuel tank in mm | Chimney flow area in mm (minimum) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Width furnace holes | Height furnace holes | Width rear walls fireboxes | Depth fuel cameras | Height neck | |||
| 12 | 42 | 500 | 450 | 300 | 300 | 120 | 140×140 |
| 16 | 50 | 600 | 500-520 | 400 | 320 | 120 | 140×270 |
| 22 | 60 | 700 | 560-580 | 450 | 350 | 120 | 140×270 |
| 30 | 80 | 800 | 600-650 | 500 | 370-380 | 130 | 270×270 |
| 35 | 100 | 900 | 700 | 600 | 400-420 | 130 | 270×270 |
| 40 | 120 | 1000 | 750 | 700 | 450 | 140 | 270×270 |
Home stoves can be divided according to their functionality:
- Just heating stoves - for example, “Dutch”.
- – these are stoves with a stove and oven, for example, “Swedish”, Russian stove and others.
- Fireplace stoves - their functionality is clear from the name itself.
- Heating stoves for special purposes stand somewhat apart - these are sauna heaters, stoves for heating greenhouses, garages, and other outbuildings.
Dutch type heating stoves
“Dutch” is a heating stove, which is intended exclusively for heating rooms. This design can be quite compact and is perfect either for a small building, or as a second, additional stove in the house. It can be placed between two rooms; it will not only heat them effectively, but will also serve as a wall.
Dutch heating stove "Dutch" came to Russia from Western Europe at the beginning of the 18th century and reliably took root in Russian huts. Since that time, Russian stove makers have significantly reconstructed the original model, since at first it did not have valves, and the heat went directly into the pipe. Complex channels have appeared in the internal structure of the stove, which help retain heat for a long time. In addition, some modernized “Dutch” models now have tanks for heating water and drying chambers.
The scheme of the traditional “Dutch” looks like this:
Typical Dutch pattern You can find out how to properly fold this compact and easy-to-use by following the link to the corresponding publication on our portal. There you can also find recommendations for constructing a foundation for it, detailed instructions masonry with order diagram and other useful information.
"Swede"
The “Swedish” is a more rational design, since it, with compact dimensions comparable to the “Dutch”, initially includes elements such as a stove and drying chamber, and sometimes even an oven.
Very functional Swedish stove The diagram of a traditional “Swedish” stove looks like this:
Internal structure of the "Swedish" Interesting historical facts— the original version of the “Swedish”, as can be understood from its name, was developed in Sweden by order of the government due to the need to save firewood, which was sorely lacking in the winter. Its authors were engineer Karl Johan Kronsted and General Fabian - they presented their project in 1767. The stove took root and became widespread not only in Sweden, but also in a number of other northern countries, one of which was Russia, where the “Swedish” began to gain popularity at the end of the 19th century. Before the advent of this model, fireplace-type stoves were most often built in Sweden, giving off little heat and requiring a large amount of fuel.
The Swedish design is perfect for small and large houses. During the time that has passed since the appearance of the first such stove, various variations have appeared, from which you can choose the optimal one for the existing conditions of a country house.
You can find out for yourself by following this link to a special portal page dedicated to this particular topic.
Kitchen stove-stove
A kitchen brick stove-stove can easily be called the most economical in construction and compact in size option of all existing heating structures. However, such a stove-stove is designed only for heating the kitchen itself and cooking. Of course, it can be used to divide one large country room into two zones, organizing a kitchen in one of them, and something like a bedroom in the other. In this case, the rest room will be heated from the back of the stove for 10 ÷ 12 hours.
In addition, the advantages of this design include its relative lightness compared to other buildings, which means that such a stove does not require a massive and too deep foundation. The building occupies completely small area- a little more than an interior partition with a table installed next to it.
There are also more massive models of stove-stoves that can be chosen if there is enough space for them in the house.
The stove-stove diagram is quite simple and can be easily implemented on our own. However, in order for the main work to be successful, the craftsmen recommend first laying the entire structure “dry”. This operation is necessary in order to get at least minimal practice and “fill” your hand, as well as understand the structure of each of the rows. In addition, it becomes possible to precisely adjust the bricks for subsequent masonry
"Ordering" the kitchen stove It is produced in accordance with developed and more than once tested serial schemes. If this particular stove option is chosen, then you can find a large number of “orders” for rectangular and square-shaped structures, with and without a chamber around the stove, with an oven and with a water heating tank.
It is impossible not to mention the design features of a kitchen stove with a stove bench located behind or on the side. This option is perfect for country house, since, we can say, one sleeping place will always be ready. Even if there is no need to warm up, since the nights are warm, the couch can be used as a bed - you just need to put a mattress and pillow on it.
If there is enough space in the house, and there is a desire to build such a structure, then the design of this stove will be not much more difficult than ordinary slabs Naturally, more material will be required for work, and more time will be spent on laying, but you can save on buying a bed and at the same time always have a place to dry wet clothes and shoes, fruits, vegetables and berries.
The layout of such a furnace can be clearly seen in the presented figure.
Prices for refractory bricks
Fire brick
Video: super-compact heating and cooking stove
Russian stove
A real Russian stove is a rather massive structure, requiring a large area for installation and a large amount of fuel for good heating. Previously, the stove occupied about half the area of the hut, as it was the main element in the house - it not only fed the whole family, but also treated them, and also provided a cozy place to sleep. Shelves were built around it, on which sleeping places were arranged.
Today you can rarely find a real Russian stove in private homes, since it takes up a lot of space, requires a massive foundation, a large amount of material for masonry, and today hardly anyone will sleep on the stove or floors. But still, some owners of mansions choose this particular version of the heating stove to maintain their interior style, since it becomes not only a functional building, but also decorative element interior
The Russian stove looks good in a “rustic” interior style If you have been dreaming about it, and the only thing missing is instructions for its construction, we recommend that readers follow the link. In the article that opens you will find not only detailed guide, but also a list of everything necessary for the masonry process, as well as a 3D order.
Stoves and fireplaces
The dream of many homeowners is to have a fireplace in their private home. However, they must clearly understand that in its “pure form” it low-functional and is only suitable for heating one small room. Usually, romantic people miss fireplaces, dreaming of spending cold evenings near an open fire, the opportunity to crackle with dry, fragrant wood. But, for example, for a country house this is not enough, since the fireplace will not provide the opportunity to cook food or bake bread, and the heat from it disappears very quickly.
For this case, a design was developed that combines a heating stove with a hob and oven, and a fireplace, which can be used separately.
Such a design can be either compact or quite massive. In some models, the fireplace insert is located on the side, in others - on the side opposite to the stove. The fireplace stove can be installed in such a way that its side with the stove and oven would face the side kitchen area, and the fireplace is in side recreation areas.
The diagrams of this structure are not too complicated, but it will be necessary to purchase a lot of additional metal elements.
To find out in more detail how the process goes, you need to refer to the article on our portal dedicated to this particular topic.
Types of brick kilns according to installation location
In addition to classifying brick stoves according to functionality, size and massiveness, they can also be divided according to the shape of the base and their location in the house. This is also an important criterion for choosing a particular model.
Furnaces based on the shape of their base can be:
- simply rectangular or rectangular with a protrusion in the form of a hob;
- square;
- round;
— triangular (trapezoidal), for location in the corner;
- T-shaped.
- Rectangular stoves can be installed near a wall, act as a wall, or stand in the middle of a room that needs to be divided into two different zones.
Rectangular stove dividing the room into two zones In addition, a rectangular oven may have a protrusion in the form of a hob.
Any of the types of stoves described above can be rectangular. The structure can have massive or compact forms. The choice of the desired option depends on the area of the premises and the capabilities of the owners.
- Square stoves can also be installed anywhere in the room. They are quite compact, although they can be quite multifunctional, and not only cope with space heating, but also have a water heating tank and a hob.
- A round stove can rarely be found in private homes lately, although it used to be quite popular. This structure was often installed at the junction of three small rooms, and it not only warmed the neighboring rooms, but also added personality to the interior.
Round ovens are also often called “Dutch ovens”, as they have internal structure, identical to the original original design. Such a structure has an elegant appearance and does not take up much space, but is characterized by low functionality and does not retain heat for a long time. Therefore, if the house has only stove heating, then a round “Dutch stove” is often installed as a second stove in order to heat the premises faster.
- Corner oven can be called the most compact of all. Made with high quality, it will heat the room just as well as stoves of other shapes. However, usually a corner oven has only one function - heating. Of course, you can dry your shoes or clothes near it, but you cannot cook food or warm water.
The convenience of a corner stove lies in its compactness If the goal is to build in one of the rooms, then it is best to replace it with a corner stove, which will look like a fireplace portal, but will give much more heat.
- A T-shaped stove does not have many functions, but it is capable of warming three rooms of the house at once, since in its rear walls there are special channels through which hot air passes during combustion.
This type of stove is, as it were, part of the wall, therefore, despite its massiveness, it does not occupy a large area. A compact oven or even a single burner can be built into the design hob. A good option for choosing if you cannot manage without stove heating in three rooms of the house, but you need to save as much space as possible.
Cast iron heating stoves
Modern cast iron stoves are often no less popular than brick stoves, since in some of their qualities they even surpass massive buildings. These advantages include lower cost, compactness, elegant appearance, the ability to do without a massive foundation, and easy and quick installation.
Cast iron stoves have many advantages over brick stoves If there is not enough space in the house for a brick stove, then you should opt for a cast iron one, especially since this metal has qualities that are ideal for heating appliances.
Its advantages include the following qualities:
- Cast iron heats up quickly as it has very good thermal conductivity. Thanks to this, the room is filled with heat in an extremely short time. Metal sp is special to withstand high temperatures, at the same time it does not deform, does not give T t cracks and, having heated up, due to its massiveness and heat capacity, it cools down for a long time, giving off heat to the room.
- Provided that the house is well insulated, the cast iron unit will operate with an efficiency reaching 80-85%. This circumstance allows you to save fuel, which means there will be no extra expenses. If you purchase a high-quality cast iron stove and install the chimney correctly, your fuel costs will be significantly reduced.
- Due to the resistance of the material to high temperatures, such stoves will last a very long time, without creating significant problems for the home owner during operation. Minimum guarantee period The active service life established by manufacturers for such heating devices is at least 10 years.
- Cast iron stoves are often equipped with heat-resistant glass doors with a built-in self-cleaning effect. They can be located either in the center of the front panel of the stove, or offset to one side and even on the side walls.
- In addition, if you choose a stove lined with ceramic coating, the duration of effective heat transfer will be even longer, that is, the heat in the room will remain longer.
- Any of the cast iron stoves are perfect for installation in a home of any size, as they take up very little space.
They are produced in four varieties: heating stoves, heating and cooking stoves, fireplace stoves and sauna stoves.
Heating cast iron stoves
Heating cast iron stoves work only to provide the house with heat. Thanks to the transparent door made of fireproof glass, you can watch the play of flames while sitting in a cozy chair on quiet evenings.
Cast iron heating stove Unlike brick stoves, cast iron stoves take up very little space, and will look great in a small room in a house or cottage.
The stove is easy to install and does not require special strengthening of the base on which it will be installed. Many models are equipped with a niche for storing firewood, which allows you to always have dry fuel on hand.
Heating and cooking cast iron stoves
Heating and cooking stoves have one or two burners, and sometimes also an oven, which allow you to cook food, heat water and bake bread or pies. These functions are simply necessary in a summer cottage - they allow you to save on electricity, and if it is completely absent or is supplied with frequent interruptions, then the stove simply becomes an indispensable assistant.
A heating and cooking stove is also more efficient when heating a room, since the heat comes not only from the body, but also from the stove and oven. Even a kettle heated on the stove will also serve as a source of heat for some time.
Cast iron fireplace stoves
Cast iron fireplace stoves are equipped with glass doors that can be opened if desired to admire the open fire. Or you can keep it closed, then the device will largely perform the functions of a stove and effectively heat the room. A fireplace stove differs from a conventional heating stove in the larger size of its combustion hole.
Some fireplace stoves have a built-in oven, which is very useful when living in the country for a long time. If the oven has such a function, then all you need to do is take the necessary baking products with you to the countryside, and you can enjoy your own aromatic bread or pies every day with berries own dacha. An oven wouldn’t hurt in urban environments either, since it has long been noted that products cooked in a wood-burning oven are much more aromatic and tastier than in an electric or gas oven.
Cast iron fireplace stoves are produced in different forms. They can be not only rectangular and square, but also round or trapezoidal - corner. Therefore, you can always choose the right option, depending on the size of the room and the planned installation location.
Sauna stoves
To heat baths, special ones are made, in which there is a place for laying stones. When fired, they can become red-hot, as they say, releasing dry heat into the steam room. And if you want, just splash a little on them cold water or herbal decoction - and the room will be filled with fragrant, healing steam.
In more modern models special built-in heaters steam generators, which are capable of filling the room with steam in 12 ÷ 15 minutes after the furnace is flooded. There may also be special dispensers that ensure constant and uniform steam generation.
Several examples of manufactured cast iron stoves
At the end of the article - a small top review of popular cast iron heating stoves.
Stove-fireplace "Normandy"
The heating stove of the Russian company Meta has a neat and aesthetic appearance. The weight of this device is 170 kg, so it can easily be installed on a second floor of a two-story private house. The height of the furnace is 736, the width is 756, the depth of the firebox is 445 mm, and the diameter of the pipe is only 150 mm. The power of the furnace is 12 kW, thanks to which it is capable of heating rooms with a volume of up to 240 m³, almost without “stealing” the usable area.
Stove-fireplace "Normandy" The stove has a classic black color, which allows it to fit into any interior - it will look organic with furniture of any shade. The panel on the top of the stove allows you to cook lunch, heat water or brew coffee.
« Ambra"
This fireplace stove from the famous Polish company Eurokom has a retro design, which gives it a special appeal. The stove is produced in black or bronze color, so it will easily match any color scheme interior The characteristics of the furnace are as follows:
— height 730, depth 400, width 520 mm;
— weight – only 75 kg;
— thermal power is 9 kW;
— heated volume – 140÷150 m³;
— Efficiency – 70%;
— chimney diameter — 1 50 mm.
The “Ambra” fireplace stove is one of the leaders in popularity The hob is equipped with a lid with a through openwork pattern. It not only decorates the appliance, but also serves as a protective screen for the wall from splashes of food cooking on the panel.
The furnace glass has an additional guard in the form of a grate, which also serves as a decorative decoration. There is a glass blowing function, and a long-term fuel burning mode is provided - from one load - up to 10 hours.
Thanks to its outstanding characteristics and compactness, the oven in last years became a top seller.
Stove-fireplace "Bavaria - Prismatic" with stove
This popular model from the Russian company Ecofireplace is a full-fledged kitchen stove, even resembling an electric or gas stove in its appearance. She has comfortable height, so you don’t have to bend over while preparing food.
Extremely convenient and very functional Bavaria-Prismatic fireplace stove The stove has a niche for firewood, which allows it to dry if placed in it in advance.
The device is also equipped with a protective screen for the cooking oven and has a glass door that extends onto the side walls, which gives a more extensive, panoramic view of the fire. In addition, the glass walls are equipped with a special blower that protects the glass from carbon deposits, leaving it always clean.
The oven quickly warms up the room, while simultaneously making it possible to fully cook food. Its side walls are lined with ceramic panels, which help retain heat for a long time.
The fireplace stove has the following characteristics:
— height 945, depth 550, width 710 mm;
— chimney diameter – 200 mm;
- Efficiency - 80-85%;
- the stove is capable of heating a room of 260 ÷ 275 m³ thanks to its high thermal power - 14 kW.
The stove does not take up much space, so it is perfect even for a small kitchen. At the same time, logs up to 500 mm long can be placed in it, and the long-burning mode allows loading once every 5 ÷ 7 hours
Video: stove fireplace for home and garden Sofia in tiles
Prices for fireplaces and stoves
Fireplaces and stoves
When thinking about additional or main heating for your home, you need to calculate all the pros and cons of a particular device. Everything needs to be assessed - dimensions, thermal power, cost of materials or finished product, and complexity of installation or construction. The final decision is up to the homeowners.
When planning to acquire their own country cottage, almost every future developer is forced to think about how to heat it in the winter. If there is gas in the village, for obvious reasons there is usually no dilemma. But when blue fuel has to look for an alternative, then the choice is quite difficult for a city dweller. Due to “voltage surges” and power limitations electrical systems in rural areas are too unreliable. Diesel boilers and liquefied gas units seem to be autonomous, but the price of such heating is too high, and the equipment is not cheap. And affordable stove heating in a private home in all respects seems to some to be something conservative and low-tech.
Meanwhile, heating with a stove in many cases is the most the best option to heat a country home, both during the constant stay of people and during periodic visits. Furnaces operating on solid fuel, have long proven their practicality and effectiveness, but citizens who have not encountered them before are captivated by common myths and have a poor understanding of their advantages and disadvantages. It’s worth figuring out what a good old stove can do, let’s try to debunk these myths.
Vacation home with stove heating - it's beautiful and functional
Operating principle of heating stoves
Heating by stove is local. Fuel (usually wood or coal) is burned in a fuel chamber with air supply. Flue gases, under the influence of natural draft, move through long channels to the vertical exhaust passages and are removed outside. During this time, they heat the brick mass of the furnace, and the hot stone, in turn, releases heat into the room.
Myth No. 1. The stove must be heated continuously, and firewood must be constantly added.
This mode of operation is inherent in various potbelly stoves - they heat up quickly and cool down quickly. However, brick ovens are designed for 1-2 fires during the day, and each time all (or almost all) of the fuel is loaded into the chamber. Of course, you will need to set the valves in the right position in time and periodically remove ash from the ash pit. The greater the heat capacity of the stove, the better the house is insulated, the less often it needs to be heated, once a day - this is a fairly common option.
Advantages and disadvantages of a country house with stove heating
Of course, there are both positive and negative aspects that become more or less relevant in certain conditions. It is worth considering the feasibility of stove heating as a whole, weighing all the pros and cons.
The advantages of heating with a stove
- The cost of constructing a furnace (as well as its maintenance) is several times less than that of competing systems of similar power.
- Full autonomy. There is no connection to electricity, water, or gas pipeline. For example, firewood is publicly available and the price is reasonable almost everywhere.
- There is no coolant liquid - there is no danger of defrosting the pipes. Therefore, such heating is excellent for a summer house that is visited from time to time.
- There are combined design options with the function of cooking or heating water. And also with a dryer, oven, fireplace, etc.
- Finding ready-made projects for houses with stove heating is not a problem today.
Disadvantages of furnace systems
- A stone stove is a large device; it will take up a couple of square meters of space in the center of the house (although there are also quite compact models measuring about 1 m2 across the floor).
- It takes time to initially warm up the furnace mass (then it does not cool down completely between fires).
- Relatively low efficiency in terms of heat transfer (increased by lengthening the strokes, using caps and “free movement of gases”).
- There is no way to automate processes.
- It is advisable to build a heavy stone stove at the stage of building a house. The layout of a house with stove heating is the prerogative of specialists.
- Firewood must be properly prepared, and in advance (for example, dry freshly cut wood for at least a season, store it under a canopy).
It is better to place the stove in the center of the house
Myth No. 2. The temperature inside a stove-heated house is very unpredictable
Some unevenness sometimes occurs, this is explained by the fact that the strongest heat transfer occurs at the end of the firebox, and by the time of the next session the channels have already cooled down. This problem does not exist if the stove is massive enough for a particular building, and its channels are folded, for example, not into a quarter of a brick, but into half. No less important is the heat capacity, as well as the insulating characteristics of the cottage’s enclosing structures. Also do temperature regime Increasing the number of fireboxes helps to make things more uniform. Let's say that instead of just a long morning melting, two shorter ones are used (morning and evening).
What is unique about the design of stone stoves?
In this case, the device includes not only a heat-generating unit, but also heat-conducting channels and heat-transferring surfaces. Each oven consists of the following elements:
- fireboxes and blowers;
- chimneys (channels);
- outlet pipe;
- mirrors, heating panels (surfaces that give off heat);
- grate bars, doors, valves;
- independent foundation.
There are hundreds of design options for stone stoves; each device will differ in configuration, size, functionality, and thermal efficiency. Many models received proper names, but according to their purpose and special abilities they are classified as enlarged groups.
By type of calorific value:
- Long burning stoves. There may be air ducts, relatively thin walls - they quickly warm up the room, but quickly cool down, which means they need to be heated more often and for longer. Well suited for the dacha, where they are rarely visited.
- Fast burning stoves that give off heat for a long time. The combustion session is shorter, there may be fewer fireboxes themselves, since the walls of the channels are more massive, and in general the masonry is more voluminous and heavier (they accumulate more heat).
Metal water heat exchanger
You can also distinguish types of stone stoves by purpose and additional components:
- heating;
- heating and cooking;
- with built-in fireplace;
- with oven, barbecue, grill;
- with water tank;
- with water or air heat exchanger.
Myth No. 3. Stove heating two-story house impossible to do. You need two separate stoves.
This is, of course, not true. There are at least two normal solutions. Firstly, there are models of two-story stoves that have one firebox, but elongated heating surfaces passing through the ceiling. By the way, these devices are quite compact in terms of footprint. The second option is to use a coolant, for example, in a water circuit or air duct system. The situation is approximately the same with the heating of small apartment buildings.
How to choose the power of stove heating in a private house
The main thing you need to do is choose a stove correct size, more precisely, we will be interested in the area of heated surfaces. Here it is necessary to take into account the total heat loss of the building. It is believed that the stove should replenish them with an error of 10-15 percent when fired twice. To determine the required thermal productivity there is simple formula(the task is to heat the room to +18, with an outside temperature of -30). To do this, the cubic capacity of the house is multiplied by a factor of 21 and the value is obtained in kcal/hour. For reference: one square meter of the mirror of stone stoves produces on average about 300 kcal/hour, the stove of heating and cooking models emits approximately 600-900 kcal/hour, the heating shield – up to 1200.
Myth No. 4. Stove heating is low-power.
In fact, there are stoves for houses of 100-120 square meters and are actively used. And models of 5-7 kilowatts (50-70 m2) are generally considered classics.
Such a stove will give off heat for a long time
A simpler calculation method is also used - for every 10 square meters of cottage area there should be about 1 kW of furnace power. For reference: this is about 860 kcal/hour. Naturally, these values are approximate; the configuration and specific characteristics should be calculated individually.
As a conclusion, one more myth – No. 5. Brick ovens are very difficult to build.
A professional stove maker is a person belonging to a special caste. However, practice shows that many home craftsmen can master the technology and make stove heating themselves. Although, it should be understood that there are also difficult designs that amateurs should not attempt. In any case, the plan for a house with stove heating must be approved by specialists.
Video: stove heating
Heating and uninterrupted supply of hot water are the primary problems of any private home. There are various options for solving them, but the optimal result is obtained by connecting the heating system to the stove.
For this, either a ready-made metal stove, easily purchased on the market, or a traditional one, lined with special bricks, is used. The water boiler is an ordinary metal pipe or a container made of sheet metal, connected to the general heating circuits.
When stoves with water circuits are used not only for heating, but also for hot water supply, this significantly increases their benefit to people. It is also convenient that heated stoves and chimneys maintain heat for a long time even after the heating process is completed.
In this entire procedure, it is important to have a firm understanding of how to make water heating from a stove, so as not to waste valuable time and invest capital without obtaining guaranteed efficiency of future systems.
Furnaces with water circuits: varieties
In a private home, stove water heating can be manufactured in two versions:
- For an already installed furnace, a coil is made and installed into it. This method is used much less frequently, since it is quite labor-intensive. The difficulty lies in the need to manufacture a firebox to the finished overall dimensions.
- The heat source is laid out with your own hands according to the dimensions of the register. If the stove is built accordingly, it will serve reliably and for a long time. Particular attention is paid to the internal size of the shirt, which should start from 4-5 cm. Otherwise, the water will boil. There is also a high probability of poor coolant circulation, and therefore a pump will be required.
The wall thickness must correspond to the intended fuel, that is, its calorific value. For firewood, three millimeters is enough, and for coal, at least five millimeters. The gap between the registers and the walls is allowed within 10-20 mm. This is necessary to level out the thermal expansion of the metal used and maintain its integrity.
Water heating from a stove: ensuring an optimal temperature microclimate
Wooden houses in the classic version with stove heating warm up very unevenly. Heated air is constantly near the stove, and distant corners are cool. Using multiple ovens is quite expensive. It is better to combine heating - stove and water, as many of our compatriots do, who strive to achieve the warmth and comfort of their existence.
The solution is to equip a conventional brick oven with a heat exchanger shaped like a coil. It is installed in fuel rooms or at the base of chimneys. The heat from the stove warms up the water in it, which then goes to the radiators located in the rooms. Buildings are heated evenly.
The advantages of such systems include:
- Efficient and uniform heating - batteries are installed in different rooms and provide constant heat.
Complete independence - such heating systems are not affected by gas or gas pipelines. The only dependence is on the owner, who determines when and how much to heat.
- There is no need to attract specialists to service heating systems. It is quite within the capabilities of consumers themselves.
The disadvantage of such heating using stoves is its rather high fire hazard, which requires compliance with building protection measures. This option cannot be considered mobile, since movement is excluded. Not used in two-story houses. It is necessary to resort to the construction of an additional furnace, which entails considerable costs.
Despite the need to start heating daily from a water-heated stove, significant fuel savings are felt. Another disadvantage is the need for constant monitoring of the functioning of the system.
Start of construction of water heating from the stove
Construction work is preceded by design work, which requires consultation with specialists. Stoves are usually located in the central areas of houses. Output of fireboxes - kitchens or non-residential premises. In this case, the buildings are located in residential premises. This arrangement guarantees efficient heating of several rooms at once.
The dimensions of the stoves depend on the size of the houses themselves. It is important to take into account that a meter of oven area equals heating of about 35 square meters. m. According to this norm, its value is calculated in each specific case. In some cases, though rarely, registers are purchased for finished stoves. More often, a register is purchased first, and then the dimensions of the oven are determined for it.
Registers can be made from pipes or sheet material minimum thickness 3-5 mm. Thin ones quickly burn out, and therefore the unit needs to be replaced prematurely. They are installed in fuel compartments with a mandatory gap between them and the walls so that there is room for compensation temperature expansions and efficient heat transfer. Access is also necessary for cleaning the firebox, which is important for efficiency.
Conditions for optimal system performance
The system will be operational provided there is constant circulation of coolant in the pipes. This is ensured by a mandatory slope, as well as the desirable installation of a circulation pump, which guarantees the necessary movement and prevents water from boiling.
Small in size, but with sufficient power, the pumps guarantee good circulation. They are necessary especially if the heating system is long. Installation of such a pump is carried out on the return line, that is, on the coolant return pipe.
You should not rely only on the pump and install pipelines without a slope, since interruptions in the supply of electricity may lead to boiling and failure of both the pump and the system itself. In such cases, it is better to resort to installing expansion tanks that compensate for the expansion of water.
Are ending design work familiarization of specialists with the diagrams. They will help eliminate errors leading to unstable operation of water heating from the stove. This is also an opportunity to avoid security violations.
The correct procedure for installing stove heating with water circuits
The dimensions of furnaces and their location are usually reflected in the design stages. In this case, the location must be taken into account interior partitions and furniture. Large ovens require a strong concrete base that can support the weight. There should be a gap between the base of the stove and the floor material to reduce the likelihood of fires.
Masonry is done using high-quality mortar and bricks. If you have no experience, it is better to purchase the mixture from construction organizations. A waterproofing layer must be laid on the base. The bricks are soaked in water and only after that are used for laying out according to the pattern. Once the dimensions are known, the order can be easily found on the Internet.
A register-coil is installed into the structure being built, which is then used to connect the coolant input and output pipes. According to one of them, the hot coolant is sent through the expansion tank into the system, and according to the other, it returns back to the register. Water circulation occurs due to the presence of gravitational forces.
Seams should not exceed four millimeters. The presence of sharp corners in the firebox and smoke exhaust ducts is not allowed. Rounded corners will not reduce smooth smoke removal, and there will be less soot in the firebox.
Important rules for constructing furnaces
Regulatory requirements for the construction and operation of the furnaces in question are as follows:
- It is mandatory to have a gap between the stove and the adjacent walls and a metal sheet in front of the firebox, which serves to protect the floor and wall structures.
- Ensuring maximum strength by reinforcing every four rows of masonry with metal pins.
- Using clay mortar of medium plasticity. A small ball rolled out of it when hitting the floor does not give large cracks and does not crumble.
- The chimney, at least five meters high, ends with a cap, that is, an element that protects the pipes from rain and debris getting inside. It enhances traction and decorates the building.
It’s not that difficult to build a stove yourself, although it may be possible to use a ready-made metal structure. However, you should not forget that a brick stove has a more aesthetic appearance, decorating interior interior dwellings
It is necessary to choose a suitable brick, the best option which is red ceramic, pre-fired. It has a uniform color. When tapped, a metallic sound is heard.
Burnt and unburnt material cannot be used, as it will not guarantee required quality and compliance safe operation. For fireboxes where the highest temperatures are observed, the best option would be to use refractory refractory bricks, which will eliminate problems during the operation of this equipment.
Water circuit installation
A water heating system works efficiently by installing a register, which is a heat exchanger or boiler. Its popular name is serpentine. This product is placed in the firebox.
The design of such a system includes combustion chambers, ash pans, hermetic doors, cleaning hatches, heating surfaces, injectors, dampers, grate bars and convective pipes.
At self-production The containers of the parts are connected only by welding. Couplings, fittings, etc. are used to connect pipes. This design guarantees savings on the boiler, since the materials for it are cheaper than what is needed to purchase a finished unit. The best option is to use regular metal pipe with holes for pipeline inlets and outlets.
The construction of a heat exchanger for a home requires a certain thickness of structural walls. If you plan to use a wood-burning stove, the walls may be thinner, while those operating on coal briquettes may be thicker. Ignoring this requirement leads to rapid burnout of boilers and their rapid replacement, ahead of the established operational dates. In practice, this means that you will have to actually reassemble the stove after such a replacement, investing additional funds.
conclusions
Considering the question of how to make water heating from a stove, we started talking about the use of various heating systems. At the same time, as practice shows, stove heating is the most popular in our country. The prevalence is explained by the use available types fuel.
The proposed modern gas or electric units operate on rather expensive sources. Water-heated stoves are more economical systems that can be easily equipped with your own hands, which also guarantees lower costs.
This heating is based on the combination of traditional stoves, known to us for centuries, and modern technologies. The result is the desired heat in residential buildings, to which man has always strived and strives.
A heater of this type means long service life without dependence on centralized sources. At proper care behind heating blocks and stoves, you don’t have to worry about the temperature microclimate for many decades.