: injections into concrete, into brickwork
Strengthening foundations, saturation of soils by injection. We are engaged in stabilization and strengthening of soils, silicification using injections.
One call is enough to solve your problem once and for all! Guarantee on all work from 5 to 25 years!

We work throughout Russia. On weekends and holidays 10% discount! Why should you use the services of our company?

Waterproofing concrete

Waterproofing concrete is a process by which concrete surfaces such as floor slabs, walls, floors, etc. become waterproof. Exist various ways waterproofing devices.

Concrete

Concrete is construction material, consisting of cement, water, a number of fillers, reinforcing components, chemical and mineral additives. Sand and gravel are used as fillers, and mainly used for reinforcement. metal fittings, as well as glass and plastic fibers. Chemical additives make it possible to obtain concrete with special properties. Mineral additives are used to increase the strength of concrete. Additionally, admixtures can be used in place of Portland cement, which is usually the main constituent of concrete.

Waterproofing systems.

There are 2 main systems for concrete waterproofing - a comprehensive waterproofing system and a system based on the use of waterproofing membranes.

A comprehensive waterproofing system includes 2 subtypes: hydrophilic and hydrophobic waterproofing systems.

There are various methods for installing hydrophilic waterproofing, the most common of which is crystalline waterproofing. This method is based on the conversion of water contained in concrete into insoluble crystals. The action of a number of hydrophilic waterproofing materials is based on their ability, upon contact with water, to absorb it, expand under its influence and thereby fill the pores of concrete, making it waterproof.

Hydrophobic waterproofing systems are based on the use of various waterproofing coatings, membranes, etc., which are used with outside insulated structures.

Membranes

Waterproofing membranes come in liquid and sheet forms. Liquid membranes are applied to concrete and form rubber cover about 6 mm thick. The main advantages of this method of waterproofing are high performance easy to use and low cost.

Sheet membranes are made from bitumen. Such membranes are laminated with polyethylene films and the resulting sheets are glued to concrete. This is a very durable waterproofing material. Sheet membranes are used for waterproofing foundations, underground parking lots, tunnels, etc. The main disadvantage of sheet membranes is that they are glued by hand,
which leads to increased labor costs.

Hydrophobic concrete

Unlike hydrophobic membranes, “hydrophobic concrete” represents a completely new advanced technology. It is not based on the waterproofing of ready-made concrete structures, but on the production of waterproof concrete. Hydrophobic concrete is produced by introducing special additives at the production stage. These additives prevent capillary infiltration of water into the concrete, thereby making it waterproof. This type of concrete is successfully used in Asia, Europe and Australia and has proven itself among builders because it allows the production construction works even in the rain.

Crystal waterproofing for concrete

The installation of crystalline waterproofing is one of the options for installing a comprehensive waterproofing system. Let's look at how this is done. First of all, the area of ​​the concrete surface on which waterproofing is to be installed must be moistened with water, then a primer layer of low-density mortar is applied to it, and then covered with crystalline waterproofing material, which is a mortar high density. After this, the chemical diffusion process begins. The high-density crystalline waterproofing solution penetrates the concrete before the low-density solution until equilibrium is reached. Once water enters the concrete, hydration of the cement begins. Hydrated cement reacts with the crystalline waterproofing material contained in the concrete. During the diffusion process, the crystalline waterproofing material is embedded into the concrete to a depth of 30.5 cm. This method of waterproofing is very effective, since the crystals formed in the concrete are protected from any external damage. Another advantage is the heat resistance of the structure in an unchanged state up to 130 degrees. In addition, when installing waterproofing, the resistance of the structure increases. chemical reaction, such as carbonization, resulting in reduced leaching and destruction of concrete; diffusion of chloride ions into the structure is prevented, which in turn protects the reinforcement located in the concrete from corrosion and expansion.

Injection waterproofing of concrete

In some cases, technology is used when repairing concrete structures. This method is based on filling the resulting shrinkage cracks polyurethane or epoxy resins. Less often they resort to introducing cement-containing substances into concrete. injection materials. Injection waterproofing is recognized as the most effective and fastest way to repair concrete structures from leaks. With its help, you can stop heavy water infiltration in a matter of minutes. The disadvantage of this technology is the high cost of the waterproofing materials used.

Before you start installing waterproofing concrete...

Concrete structures are widely used for the construction of foundations of all types of buildings. Due to its porous structure, concrete is highly permeable to moisture, which a short time will lead to bloating wooden coverings and deformations finishing materials. Concrete reinforcement will begin to collapse.

Therefore, concrete waterproofing is an important and necessary stage construction of a house, which must be approached competently and responsibly. As a result of such work, the hydrophobicity of the concrete structure increases.

General rules

Regardless of the method you choose to protect concrete structures from moisture penetration, you must:

1. determine the groundwater level;
2. determine the degree of soil swelling during the cold period;
3. take into account the likelihood of flooding during a flood;
4. take into account operating conditions (for storage facilities the level of waterproofing should be significantly higher).

Materials for waterproofing

More often waterproofing materials qualified according to the technology of application to the protected surface. According to this principle they are divided into:

• liquid formulations;
• penetrating agents;
• viscous substances;
• roll and tile materials;
• additives for cement-sand mixture.

Execution of work

At high level groundwater, it is necessary to create a drainage system to collect and drain excess liquid into a separate well.

To do this, along the perimeter of the building at a distance of 0.7 m, it is necessary to dig a trench 0.4 m wide with a slope towards the collecting well. Geotextiles are placed in the trench, and a layer of gravel of 4–6 cm is placed on top.

Properly Designed drainage system on the street will remove melted and groundwater away from home.

Liquid formulations

Liquid insulating materials are effective and easy to apply to the surface. To do this, use a brush, roller or spray. Liquid rubber provides high-quality protection due to a seamless layer. To perform insulation with your own hands, use Elastopaz or Elastomix.

Elastomix is ​​applied in one layer and hardens in a couple of hours. Elastopaz is applied in two layers, and its cost is lower. Liquid waterproofing concrete requires preliminary priming of the foundation surface.

pros

Advantages:

• high efficiency;
• durability;
• ease of installation;
• Possibility of use from the inside.

The disadvantage of this type is high price.

Penetrating materials are introduced into the concrete structure to a depth of 10–20 cm, where they crystallize. Crystals regulate humidity, prevent corrosion, and increase frost resistance.

Before waterproofing surfaces, they should be cleaned of dirt and dust. Then the concrete must be treated with weak solutions of acids and water. Penetrating waterproofing anti-capillary materials, such as Penetron and its analogues, are applied to wet concrete in several layers. To do this, use a brush or spray. Most often they are used to protect against moisture from the inside.

Positive traits

Penetrating compounds have undeniable advantages:

• efficiency;
• high resistance to mechanical damage;
• frost resistance;
• strength and wear resistance;
• duration of operation.

There is only one drawback - the slow process of formation of protection, since crystals in concrete take a long time to grow.

Elastic waterproofing

Viscous mastics and polymer materials applied to surfaces in cold and hot conditions. Bitumen mastics are especially often used for waterproofing concrete structures due to their low cost and their characteristics:

• strength;
• elasticity;
• environmental friendliness.

Installation technology

The technological process of applying coating waterproofing does not cause problems; everything can be done with your own hands. First you need to start inspecting the surfaces. If chips and cracks are found, they must be cemented. Protruding edges should be cleaned. Using a heat gun or construction hair dryer dry the base.

In order for the mastic to adhere better, it is applied to a primer, which must be completely dry. Using a brush, roller or staple, the mastic is applied to the protected surfaces in several layers.

Each subsequent layer is applied after the previous one has dried.

You can also use the pouring method.

Reinforcing meshes are introduced into multilayer bitumen coatings. Therefore, unlike the use of other types of insulators, coating waterproofing ensures the formation of especially strong protective structures.

Pasting materials are produced in rolls and slabs. Previously, roofing felt, roofing felt, glassine were used for this, and now - a variety of modern films and membranes. This is a thin insulator, lightweight and convenient for work. It can be used either separately or in combination with the coating method.

In this case, the material is laid on a layer of coating waterproofing with an overlap of the top layer of 10 - 15 cm. The edges are carefully glued with tape. Self-adhesive film is very convenient to install. Despite the high price, this type of waterproofing is becoming increasingly popular due to its properties, namely:

• strength and wear resistance;
• corrosion resistance;
• fire resistance;
• does not transmit UV radiation;
• easy to install.

Waterproofing additives

These are special additives to concrete that operate on the principle of penetrating insulation. At the same time, all concrete structure. The disadvantage of this type of insulation is the difficulty in selecting a concrete recipe.

Internal basement waterproofing

The quality of protecting the basement from moisture from the inside depends on proper insulation part of the foundation that is located on the street. For a damp basement, there is nothing left to do but insulate the walls and floor from the inside. First you need to determine the groundwater level. In the case when they lie below the depth of the foundation, it is enough to protect only the walls from moisture.

If there is water in the basement, it must be pumped out and the room dried with a heat gun. After drying, apply primer to the walls. deep penetration. While they dry, you can start waterproofing the floor.

Floor

Polymer self-leveling waterproofing is well suited for this. It is a mixture of sand, cement and binders.

When the layer is dry, lay it on top reinforcement mesh and filled with concrete. When the structure is dry, after 4 - 5 days you can begin work on the walls.

Walls

Penetrating insulation is used to waterproof walls. The seams should be filled with sealant. To do this, use a solution based on polymers and a sand-cement mixture. After complete drying, you can begin the final finishing. Previously, liquid glass was used to waterproof a damp basement from the inside, but its service life is incomparably shorter than that of modern materials.

Properly performed waterproofing will increase the hydrophobicity of concrete, protect your home from dampness, mildew and mold, and save supporting structures from exposure to aggressive external environments. This will increase the strength and durability of the building.

Of all materials for waterproofing concrete best performance have liquid compositions: coating, membrane or deep penetration. Their main advantage is the absence of seams and high adhesion to working surfaces; they also benefit in ease of application, service life, reliability, environmental safety and resistance to external influences. The only drawback is the high price, but the improved performance justifies it. The scope of application is universal, it is used in private construction to insulate basements, blind areas, building foundations, floors, ceilings and walls, and in industrial construction for the protection of hydraulic and underground structures.

The term “liquid waterproofing” refers to both one- and two-component ready-made solutions, as well as mixtures diluted with water. They are applied thin layer: with a brush, spatula or sprayed onto prepared concrete, the drying time for most modern brands is minimal. At the end of the insulation procedure, the working surface becomes impervious to external moisture and more protected from external influences. The final effect depends on the type of composition used: coating compounds form a reliable thin coating with enhanced adhesion, deep penetration options improve the structure of the concrete composition itself.

The main difference from roll materials or standard bitumen mastics is an enhanced quality of adhesion to the working plane. The principle of operation of penetrating insulation is based on the effect of one-way diffusion: moisture molecules penetrate deep into concrete and, instead of destruction, form a crystalline structure that protects the pores. Surface marks interact with the top layers and cover joints and cracks.

There are three main types of waterproofing compounds:

1. Liquid rubber is a latex solution that forms a thin elastic membrane with high hydrophobic properties after 24 hours (time of final polymerization). This type is sprayed or applied with a roller and adheres well to vertical structures. The recommended scope of application is waterproofing the base and external walls of the foundation.

2. – a solution of sodium salts, which greatly enhances the water-repellent qualities of concrete. This substance can be used as an additive in building mixtures and for subsequent waterproofing.

The advantages include the absence of the need for preliminary priming, low cost and good penetrating properties. But for structures that are constantly in contact with open ground, this option is not suitable.

3. Compositions based on mineral (cement) deep penetration. The most effective way to enhance water resistance and frost resistance. The method consists of applying one- or two-component solutions using a brush; the second type is not only applied clean water, but also a liquid that enhances the polymerization process. They penetrate deeply into the concrete structure and strengthen it.

The main criterion is the operating conditions and the type of surface being treated. All types of insulation provide good protection from fungus and are safe for health, but not all of them are universal. The following factors are taken into account:

1. Price of materials. In this regard, liquid glass definitely wins; the most expensive are cement-sand glass with unique additives.

2. The level of humidity, there is no point in covering surfaces with constant contact with salt solutions; for blind areas, flooded rooms, and with high groundwater, liquid waterproofing brands for deep penetration concrete are considered the best option.

3. Polymerization speed. Liquid rubber sets in 15 minutes and reaches maximum protective properties within a day. The effect of deep penetration brands manifests itself and intensifies over time.

4. Complexity of installation, need for additional equipment. Waterproofing with liquid glass is the easiest way to carry out; latex emulsions and mastics require preliminary priming; cement mortars are applied in two layers and diluted extremely carefully (the processing of especially critical objects is entrusted to specialists). Most economical consumption observed when using a sprayer, but not everyone has it.

5. Service life of waterproofing. For sodium salts - no more than 5 years, liquid rubber - 10-15, cement compositions - from 15 and above.

6. Slot sizes. If necessary, waterproofing joints top scores show latex emulsions. Penetrating species that form a single crystalline structure with concrete are relevant for microcracks.

Cost of liquid formulations

Brand name	Type of waterproofing	Application area	Weight, kg	Price, rubles
Knauf Flachendich	Cold latex-based mastic. Suitable for application on slightly damp concrete	External and internal works	5	1420
Ceresit CR 166	A two-component mixture with elasticizers with high elasticity and frost resistance, provides good protection of concrete from carbonation		10	3080
Liquid rubber Rapidflex	Bitumen-latex emulsion, applied as a single-layer membrane		200	31150
Elastopaz	One-component liquid rubber		18	4950
Euromast	Acrylic-based polymer mastics		20	3000
Masticov	Sodium liquid glass	Ceilings, floors, attics and basements, swimming pools	15	250
Himitex			300	5800
Aquamat-Penetrate	Penetrating waterproofing cement based	Basements, elevator shafts, foundations, blind areas, hydraulic structures, underground structures	20	2200
Lakhta			5	1050
Penetron	The same, with the possibility of improving the water and frost resistance of concrete and protecting them from aggressive agents	Any surfaces with pores and cracks within 0.4 mm	25	7500

Traditionally, priority problems in construction industry There were issues of noise and thermal insulation. Much attention has usually been given to aspects of protecting concrete from moisture. less attention. Such underestimation, especially in the Russian climate, can lead to adverse consequences.

Neglect of waterproofing issues, lack of competent development zero cycle buildings and structures (basement, foundation, plinth) provokes the penetration of water into the lower part of the buildings. It develops from this basement dampness, which helps to increase humidity in other rooms. This.

Dampness in concrete - quite favorable environment for the development of mold, mildew

Plus, moisture has a negative effect on the capillary-porous structure of artificial stone. Gradually penetrating the structure from the bottom, groundwater migrates through pores and capillaries, helping to moisturize the enclosing structures. The walls begin to collapse due to alternating freezing and thawing.

In addition, the water contains impurities of salts and bicarbonates. These substances are capable of hydration and crystallization, multiplying in volume. In general, this leads to destruction of load-bearing concrete structures, peeling, and deformation of finishing coatings.

Water can also act from above, coming from precipitation. Such exposure leads not only to mechanical damage, but also to chemical consequences. Eg, rainwater– this is a real chemical acid solution, especially in megacities. It has a destructive effect on artificial stone, increasing the number of pores and capillaries, which further enhances foci of aggression.

That is why not only residential construction projects, but also a significant number of other concrete structures require waterproofing protection. These can be cooling towers, reservoirs, hydraulic structures, industrial floors, underground garages and swimming pools, not to mention facades, interior walls and floors.

Coating waterproofing for concrete

Coating waterproofing materials are gradually replacing rolled bitumen-based varieties. This is because cement, polymer and mixed waterproofing mixtures provide a high degree of adhesion to concrete, that is, they form almost a single whole with the base.

There is a wide range of similar materials on the domestic market, but when choosing, it is better to respond not to advertising, but to the actual guarantee of a set of waterproofing properties.

Coating waterproofing of concrete should provide:

• waterproof against pressure, which is important in tanks and pools, and against tear-off. The latter property works especially actively in recessed rooms and basements;
• resistance to cracking under dynamic loads;
• vapor permeability;
• strength in terms of adhesion;
• ease of processing and technology, the ability to process wet concrete;
• reliability, durability.

Mineral coating waterproofing (cement based)

Such compositions provide a whole range of water- and moisture-protective properties. Essentially, these are dry mixtures based on special cement, quartz sand, additives. After mixing with water, a homogeneous paste-like mass is obtained.

The material is applied to the base in 2-3 approaches using hard brushes, after which smoothing can be carried out with rollers. When the composition hardens, a waterproofing hard layer will be formed on the concrete. Cement coating waterproofing can be plaster or penetrating.

The average consumption of cement-based mineral coating waterproofing is 3.5 kg/m² per 2 mm layer

Scope of application: protection of vertical and horizontal concrete, incl. plastered surfaces, hydraulic structures, underground, above-ground structures, old buildings, floors, ceilings, walls, bathrooms. .

Brands: Aquafin-1K, Lakhta, Koster, Mapei, Hydrosmart

Advantages:

• cement works for high adhesion to concrete;
• the finished layer provides high strength and resistance to mechanical stress;
• high-quality protection from moisture, including in critical structures.

Flaws:

• mineral mixtures are not elastic, so the finished layer does not withstand vibration loads well.

Specifications

The basis	Cement, sand, synthetic additives
Density of the finished solution	1.85 kg/l
Bulk density	1.438 kg/dm³
Mixing time	3 minutes
Viability	60 minutes
Operating temperature	+5 +30 degrees
Waterproof	Up to 7 Bar
Cleaning the instrument	By water

Polymer-mineral waterproofing (cement-polymer)

This solution is in demand if the concrete structure is subject to dynamic loads, which is fraught with the appearance of cracks. Unlike the previous version, the composition contains modern elasticizers, most often based on rubber. The result is a unique material in its own way.

The resulting composition after mixing is similar to a paste, which is applied in 2-3 approaches to a flat, matte, moistened surface using brushes. Once cured, a continuous, seamless, elastic waterproofing seal is formed. By the way, the layer is capable of bridging cracks up to 1 mm. This type of mixture is compatible with tap water.

Scope of application: protection of concrete structures, structures various shapes and appointments, incl. tanks, swimming pools. The materials used are prefabricated and monolithic reinforced concrete, screeds, and plastered concrete. For maintaining outdoor and interior works, incl. in bathrooms, cellars, basements, walls, tanks. Average consumption – 3.5 kg/sq.m. at 2 mm layer.

Advantages:

• monolithic waterproofing that covers cracks;
• the compositions differ in hydraulic setting;
• application to all surfaces with load-bearing capacity;
• rapid resistance to precipitation;
• environmental friendliness;
• manual or mechanized application;
• vapor permeability;
• frost resistance;
• resistance to dynamic and static loads;
• basis for finishing layers– tiles, plaster, under screed;
• water resistance – 7 bar.

The main brands of polymer-mineral waterproofing are Koster, Lahta, Hydrosmart, Ceresit

Flaws:

• does not work on the roof.

Specifications

The basis	Powder + dispersion
Density	1.5 g/cm³
Viability	1 hour
Adhesion	1.5 MPa
Tensile strength	1.3 MPa
Tension at break	42%
Vapor permeability	1000
Cleaning the instrument	By water

Polymer-bitumen, polymer, bitumen waterproofing of concrete

Polymer-bitumen and polymer materials behave well during external waterproofing work. This can be the protection of an exploited roof, foundations, open terraces, balconies. The point is that the high elasticity of the finished waterproofing significantly reduces the risk of deformation of the material under conditions of serious temperature changes. However, purely bitumen coating waterproofing loses its frost resistance, which requires protection.

Classification:

• water-based bitumen mastics for cold application– the composition includes materials such as polymers, emulsifiers. Such emulsions are safer and more environmentally friendly compared to analogues;
• bitumen mastics for cold application using solvents– one of the usual methods of coating waterproofing. These mastics are ready to use and are ideal for various applications;
• Hot bitumen mastics- the most common method of bitumen waterproofing, one might say completely time-tested. Before use, the material is heated to 160-180 degrees. Hot mastic is applied to a base coated with a primer. When cooled, an elastic and durable coating. It is gratifying that the material is one of the few that does not shrink further;
• polymer elastic waterproofing– the material is intended to protect roofs, basements, foundations, bathrooms, swimming pools, technical premises. The basis is aqueous dispersions of polymers. This type gives high elasticity and can be used in almost any room, providing biological and chemical resistance. Consumption per layer – 0.200-0.400 kg/sq.m. This type of waterproofing can be tinted according to the RAL scale.

Brands: TechnoNIKOL, Lakhta, Koster

Advantages:

• excellent elasticity;
• operation up to 25-50 years;
• spot sealing of the base or the formation of a continuous coating is possible;
• resistance to negative influences;
• quick readiness for use.

Bituminous waterproofing agents allow both spot sealing and the formation of a continuous coating

Flaws:

• the price is higher than that of analogues;
• bitumen mastics do not like high temperatures;
• low environmental friendliness.

Specifications

Type of waterproofing	Bitumen-polymer	Bituminous	Elastic polymer
Adhesion, MPa	0.6	0.1	1.0
Adhesion between layers, MPa	0.3	—	—
Elongation at break, %	500	—	110
Water absorption,%	0.4	0.4	0.4
Dry residue, %	50	65
Heat resistance, degrees	110	80	130
Crack resistance	Eat	Eat	Eat

Tools and equipment

The choice of tools and equipment is based on the method of applying waterproofing and the assigned tasks for preparing concrete for work.

The standard set is formed as follows:

• equipment for preliminary preparation grounds– you can choose to use sandblasting machines, grinders, high-pressure cleaners, jackhammers, hard metal brushes, construction vacuum cleaners;
• equipment and tools for applying solutions– these are fur rollers, brushes, spatulas, squeegees, brushes, sprayers, with a capacity of 120-240 m²/h, power from 0.9 kW;
• tools and equipment for mixing solutions– low-speed construction drill with mixing attachment, clean container;
• waterproofing protection material– most often polyethylene film or any non-woven material is used;
• special clothing and personal protective equipment(glasses, gloves, respirators).

Surface preparation

If external concrete structures, interior spaces and basements need to be protected with high humidity, preliminary preparation is required.

A number of operations are as follows:

• removal of organic deposits(fungus, mold). Biocides are used for this;
• fluting– as a result of this process, transformation occurs soluble salts into sparingly soluble. The work is carried out using special liquids;
• padding– primers act as primers. This stage is required when applying bitumen mastics (and their varieties), since without this the required adhesion will not be ensured.

Primers additionally strengthen concrete and bind small particles and dust.

Principles of using sanitizing solutions against mold, algae, fungi

Contaminated concrete is treated with sanitizing material using a sprayer or brush. Depending on the work conditions, its activity begins after 24-72 hours. If necessary, the treatment is duplicated.

Severely affected concrete:

• the biocide is applied with a brush or sprayed;
• the base is left for several hours;
• Concrete is cleaned with water under high pressure;
• apply a second layer of biocide, but without further cleaning;
• after drying proceed to next stage works

On slightly damaged concrete, first clean with high-pressure water, after which a sanitizing solution is applied. After drying, begin waterproofing. After completing the operation, the instrument is washed with water.

Principles of concrete fluting

Fluate treatment is used in the repair of saline concrete walls as a concomitant measure for waterproofing. Before treatment, areas with damaged plaster contaminated with efflorescence are removed. Seams and walls are thoroughly cleaned with metal brushes.

Fluate is diluted with water 1:1 and applied to the base 1-2 times until completely saturated. Between passes there is a technological pause of 7 hours. After a day, the dried concrete is cleaned of converted salts with brushes. When mixing fluate with water, do not use metal tool and containers. After coating, the equipment is washed with water.

Priming principle

The base is cleaned of dirt, loose layers, protruding and sharp edges, and corners. The primer is mixed with a construction mixer until a homogeneous mass is obtained. The material is spread over the concrete with brushes or fur rollers. The latter method significantly increases the speed of work, ensuring the most uniform layer possible.

The composition dries from 10 minutes to 12 hours, which depends on the type of primer, humidity, air temperature. The surface is considered completely dry if it is not sticky. The average consumption of bitumen, bitumen-polymer primer is 0.15-0.35 l/sq.m.

Technology of applying mineral (cement) waterproofing

The concrete to be processed must have load-bearing capacity, be smooth, and free of contamination. The pores must be open. The presence of foreign elements, sharp corners, and nests is unacceptable. Sludge residues and cement paste are removed. Sinks and voids, more than 2 cm deep, cracks are repaired cement-sand mortar . On its basis, fillets are arranged in diverging corners. The surface is moistened before applying waterproofing.

Any water that comes to the surface during operation and curing must be removed.

Preparation of the composition:

• the composition is prepared by mixing with clean water;
• The material is placed in a clean container, water is added to the required consistency. Proportions: 25 kg of dry powder – 6.7 liters of tap water;
• the composition can be spread with brushes or sprayers;
• waterproofing is applied in several layers at a consumption rate of 1-2 kg/sq.m in one pass;
• fresh coating protects from frost, rain, drafts, and sun.

Technology of applying polymer-mineral waterproofing

The outer surface of the concrete must be finely porous, without materials that impede adhesion, smooth, with load-bearing capacity. If the base is large-porous, preliminary filling with cement mortar is carried out. The surface is moistened to a matte damp state.

According to the technology, it is impossible to work in strong solar radiation. If the concrete is too dry and dusty, it is dedusted construction vacuum cleaner and is wetted, but without the formation of water films. When working with polymer-mineral waterproofing, a primer is not required.

Application of waterproofing:

• surfaces not involved in work are protected;
• about 50-60% of the liquid component (polymer dispersion) is poured into a clean container;
• with constant stirring with a low-speed drill, gradually introducing cement powder;
• the mixture should not contain clots. Then the remainder of the liquid component is introduced;
• kneading is continued for about 2 minutes, maximum 300 rpm;
• waterproofing is applied with a roller, spatula or sprayer in two approaches;
• subsequent layers are applied after the previous ones have set. During the curing process, the concrete should not be exposed to water load;
• The finished insulation can be plastered or coated with vapor-permeable paints without solvents.

When carrying out work, maintain a consumption of no more than 2 kg/sq.m per layer. Otherwise, there is a risk of cracks due to excess binder.

In the base-wall area, fillets are laid using cement mortar. After hardening, waterproofing is installed

If it is necessary to install fillets or process divergent corners, use waterproofing tape. The tape is embedded in fresh waterproofing at floor-wall joints and in areas of vertical corners. An alternative can be fillets.

Treatment expansion joints monolithic foundation slab:

• waterproofing tape with a loop is also placed on the seams;
• The material is glued using epoxy adhesive and covered seamlessly with surface insulation.

Protective plates, drains:

• protection from mechanical damage and ultraviolet radiation is provided with polyethylene film or other slippery non-woven material;
• You can use special protective drainage elements. They are glued after the waterproofing has completely dried.

Technology for installing bitumen, polymer, bitumen-polymer waterproofing

The progress of work depends on the location of the work and the material used.

Roof protection

This option is in demand if the roof has a complex geometry, when the method of fusing rolled materials is excluded due to fire safety requirements.

Carrying out work:

• the cleaned base is primed with an emulsion or bitumen primer;
• Mastic is applied in 3-4 approaches. Use the pouring method and uniform distribution with a squeegee or brush;
• to obtain a waterproofing thickness of 2 mm, approximately 4 mm should be applied cold mastic. In fact, it is about 1-1.3 mm per layer;
• if you want to save money, it is recommended to use the airless spray method;
• Between each approach, a layer of reinforcement is laid on the waterproofing layer - fiberglass, fiberglass. Each layer must be thoroughly dried;
• the finished system is protected with protective reflective mastic, which will protect it from temperature changes and ultraviolet radiation.

Waterproofing of buried structures

This solution is optimal for protecting concrete that is constantly in contact with water. These are tanks, pools, basements, canals, foundations. The material forms a film that retains moisture. In this case, there is no deformation of the bases.

Work order:

• the base is cleaned and primed with bitumen or emulsion compounds;
• Waterproofing is applied layer by layer, in two layers. Spatulas are used;
• observe the drying time of each layer - 1-24 hours (the surface should not be sticky);
• the resulting layer is protected with insulating protective boards mounted on adhesive mastic.

Sprayed mastic application technology

This type of waterproofing is effective for treating basements, balconies, and floors in wet rooms. One layer consumes 4.5-5.5 kg/sq.m. Training and protection requirements remain typical.

The material is applied mechanically using an airless spraying machine

Waterproofing of concrete screed and interior spaces

Here we are talking about processing all concrete foundations, exposed different action liquids. This could be bathrooms, floors, etc.

Work order:

• An emulsion primer is applied to the cleaned base;
• emulsion mastic is applied in layers using a brush or roller. Apply 2 layers;
• Drying time for each layer is up to 5 hours;
• Self-adhesive sealant tape is used at seams and joints. Or they use geotextiles, embedding them in the first layer of waterproofing;
• when the layer is dry, you can carry out the following Finishing work according to the screed device.

Safety precautions

Waterproofing work is always carried out taking into account safety standards. External work is carried out mainly in dry weather. If the material can be applied at negative temperatures, there should be no ice or snow on the base.

According to GOST 12.3.040-86, SNiP 111-4-800, compliance with standards is required fire safety, industrial sanitation, rules for working with electrical equipment.

Workers working on mechanisms, mechanical devices, and equipment must follow the instructions for use and safe operation. If work is carried out at a height of more than 1.3 meters, install reliable scaffolding with fencing.

TO waterproofing works Persons over 18 years of age who have undergone instruction and medical examination are admitted. The work site must be equipped with water, fire extinguishers, sand boxes and shovels.

Cost of coating waterproofing for concrete

The actual cost of waterproofing works depends on the characteristics of a particular object.

However, the average prices are:

• waterproofing of the roof, foundation, basements – 520-580 r/sq.m.;
• waterproofing interior spaces– from 200-350 rubles/sq.m.

Minimum materials costs:

• cement - from 924 RUR/10 kg;
• polymer – from 2.8 tr/10 kg;
• cement-polymer – from 7 tr/25 kg.

conclusions

Coating waterproofing really wins over rolled analogues. These are universal materials that are convenient to apply to concrete of any configuration. Plus, the base gets cracks sealed, and preliminary priming is not always required.

Polymer coating waterproofing is used both outside and indoors. This type has frost resistance, high adhesion, waterproof and elasticity

When choosing a mastic, you should pay attention to its base - cement, bitumen, polymer. Bituminous varieties are often used for interior work, as they are weak in terms of frost resistance and exposure to extremely high temperatures (or appropriate additional protection). But at the same time they demonstrate high adhesion and excellent water resistance. It is this material that successfully resists mechanical and chemical loads.

Cement mastics are sold in dry form. The solution is prepared immediately before spreading over the concrete. The solvent is water or a special emulsion, which is supplied in the kit. The material has high adhesion, is resistant to mechanical stress and is durable.

The principles of working with coating waterproofing and its advantages are covered in the video:

The task of construction is not just to construct a building, but also to protect surfaces from water penetration. The foundation, basement, floors, roof are always in contact with water. Protection is required not only for places where water penetration is possible, but also for those where condensation affects the building material. Waterproofing helps solve the problem. They differ in application different materials, purpose, object of application.

Pros, cons

Coating waterproofing is the most affordable, uncomplicated type of surface layer treatment. Suitable for all types of surfaces, provides strong protection. Waterproofing technology using the coating method involves creating several layers of coating, ranging in thickness from a few millimeters to a centimeter. Coating technology protection is preferred due to its irrefutable advantages:

• ease of application to the surface;
• homogeneity of the material, excellent adhesion, allows the procedure to be carried out without joints;
• excellent penetration into concrete structures;
• resin insulation allows air to pass through, but does not allow liquid to pass through;
• there is no need for surface pretreatment;
• profitable price.

Let's highlight the disadvantages:

• low wear resistance;
• instability to temperature changes;
• it is difficult to maintain the same layer thickness during application;
• low resistance to mechanical damage.

Kinds

The main components of waterproofing compounds are mastic, bitumen, rubber, chemical compounds. Based on their composition, water protection is divided into the following types:

Bituminous

Bitumen waterproofing.

The oldest type of insulation. The main component is bitumen, a viscous black organic compound. Modern bitumen mastic Apply immediately to a surface that has been previously cleaned of dust. The elasticity of the material allows one person to work, easily applying it to the surface. Concrete treated with bitumen-based mastic is protected by high-quality waterproofing. The main disadvantages of a coating composition based on bitumen:

• Can't stand it low temperatures. Loses properties at 0 degrees, becomes covered with cracks, peels off.
• There is no duration of operation. The maximum term is seven years.
• The classic bitumen solution is applied using a hot method, which makes the process a fire hazard.

Many components are added to modern mixtures that significantly expand the classic composition of properties.

Cement insulation

A worthwhile substitute for bitumen. It contains cement, quartz sand, additives. Used for external and interior finishing. It differs from bitumen not only in density:

• The application method is by casting and then leveling. The process is labor-intensive, more like plastering a surface.
• The solution consists of two dry components, which are combined immediately before application.
• Cement insulation is characterized by resistance to mechanical damage and long service life.
• Possesses unique property vapor permeability. Wet structures do not allow water to enter, but are able to dry out. Moisture is removed, eliminating the peeling of insulation layers.
• Cement waterproofing can be applied to wet surfaces without waiting for the surface to dry.
• The materials included in the mastic are environmentally friendly and safe for human life.
• It is possible to treat a structure of any shape with cement coating mortar, even in hard to reach places. It hides small roughnesses and irregularities.

The main, perhaps the only, drawback is rigidity. Despite all its advantages, it is inflexible and can gradually become saturated with moisture.

Bitumen-polymer

In the world modern construction trying to solve the problem by adding to cement composition a large number of polymer components. The following expansion of characteristics occurs due to additives:

• elasticity increases;
• the adhesion of the solution to the base improves;
• the operating temperature range expands.

Bitumen-polymer mastics are intended for work in open spaces, for work in rooms with good ventilation. Treat with a homogeneous black paste small areas work surface, away from the source of fire. Used for processing concrete, reinforced concrete, metal, and used in rooms with high humidity. This type of waterproofing is not recommended for residential premises.

Surfaces treated with mastic with polymers have high waterproofing characteristics, significantly greater than with surface treatment classic line-up. The time required to complete the work is reduced due to the rapid hardening of the mixture.

Bitumen-latex

Another name is liquid rubber. Special composition allows for mechanized waterproofing work, increasing productivity. The bitumen-latex composition has good adhesion to concrete, cement, gypsum, lime, and drywall. The latex additive is harmless and has no unpleasant odor. Used for external and internal coating works.

Cement-polymer

Cement-polymer waterproofing of concrete.

Cement method protection of surfaces from moisture for more than fifty years, but an improved composition with the addition of polymers began to be used recently. The improved composition includes the following components: cement, sand, chemical additives, crystallizing polymer.

The resulting mass can be applied to wet surface Moreover, it is recommended to moisten the surface before work. The treated concrete structure absorbs the solution well. The mixture penetrates into cracks, fills the pores of concrete, and the polymer promotes the formation of crystals that seal concrete structures. The density of structures increases by 20%, the walls allow vapor to pass through, but do not absorb moisture when long period operation.

Polymer-cement waterproofing is an environmentally friendly, harmless product; use inside a residential area is not prohibited.

Return