Once upon a time there lived a husband and wife. The wife was so stubborn that it was impossible to say. Her husband will ask her for something, and she always has one answer: “Well, here’s another!” And it will do the opposite...
Once upon a time there lived a peasant, he had two sons: the youngest was on the road, the eldest was at home. The father began to die and left the entire inheritance in the house to his son, but gave nothing to the other...
A soldier was coming home from service. He served honestly for twenty-five years. The share is such a peasant one. After all, the middle son, the eldest and the youngest, plow the land. And he has to win back his native land from every adversary. The serviceman did not become a hero, but he did not become known as a coward either...
Once upon a time there lived a poor family. There are seven children in the shops, and the entire household consists of a single goose. And no matter how much his owner protected him, the day came when there was nothing left to eat. Then the man killed a goose, fried it, and the hostess served it to the table...
The old soldier was going home on leave. I got tired from the journey and wanted to eat. I reached the village, knocked on the last hut: - Let the road man rest! The old woman unlocked the door: - Come in, servant...
Once upon a time there lived an old Frost Blue Nose, and he had a young son - Frost the Red Nose. Well, young Frost the Red Nose loved to show off!
Only, sometimes, he repeats: “Father is already old, he does his job poorly. But I am young and strong...
A poor man was walking through an open field and saw a hare under a bush. He was delighted and said:
- Now I will have a home. Now I’ll catch this hare and sell it for four rubles, with that money I’ll buy a pig, it will bear twelve piglets...
A soldier was walking home from service. Darling asked to spend the night. In the evening, the owners began to cook dumplings. The old owner is sitting on a bench. The soldier sat down next to him and started a conversation: “Shall we eat, grandpa?” - Let's eat, but not all! - the old man answers. - Don’t you want to? - asks the soldier...
In some city, and maybe in the one where you and I live, there was a telephone booth, of which there are many. However, do not rush to judge things at first glance. Glass was inserted into that booth, but not ordinary glass, but magical glass. Whatever is reflected in it will come back and be amplified a hundred times...
Once upon a time there lived a lady who was very stupid. Whatever gets into your head, die and do it. So the lady decided to breed forty chickens, and so that they would all be black. The maid says: “Is this really possible, lady?”
Once upon a time there lived a man, Ivan, in a village. I decided to visit my brother Stepan in a distant village. The day was hot, the road was dusty. Ivan is walking, he’s walking, he’s tired. “I’ll get there,” he thinks, “to the river. I’ll drink some water there and rest.”
One day a man went into the forest to chop wood. He approached the lake, sat down on the shore and accidentally dropped the ax into the water. He sits and cries. Suddenly the devil comes out of the water and asks: “Why are you crying, man?” - The axe, father, drowned...
In a certain kingdom, in a certain state, there lived an old man, he had three sons: two smart, the third a fool. The old man died. The sons divided the estate by lot. The smart ones get a lot of good things, but the fool gets only one bull - and that’s a bad one! The fair has arrived. Smart brothers are going to bargain...
Two brothers were traveling: one poor, the other eminent. They both have a horse - the poor one is a mare, and the famous one is a gelding. They stopped for the night nearby. The poor man's mare gave birth to a foal at night, and he, take it and climb under the rich man's cart...
Once upon a time there lived two brothers - two Ivans: Ivan the rich man, and Ivan the poor man. Ivan the rich man has a hut full of all sorts of goods, and his family is he and his wife. Ivan the Rich has neither small nor big children. And Poor Ivan has seven children. And in the house there is not a grain, not a torment...
Once upon a time there lived an old grandmother, a laughing granddaughter, a clumsy hen and a little mouse. Every day they went for water. The grandmother had large buckets, the granddaughter had smaller ones, the chicken had them the size of a cucumber, the mouse had them the size of thimbles...
Once upon a time there lived Ivanushka the Fool, a handsome man, but no matter what he did, everything turned out funny for him - not like with people. One man hired him as a worker, and he and his wife went to the city; wife and says to Ivanushka: “You stay with the children, look after them, feed them...
In one village there lived two men, two brothers: one was poor, the other rich. The rich man moved to live in the city, built himself big house and signed up as a merchant; and sometimes the poor man does not have a piece of bread, and the children - little or little - cry and ask for food...
In one village lived an old man and an old woman, very poor, and they had a son, Ivanushka. From an early age he loved to play the pipe. And he played so well that everyone listened - they couldn’t stop listening. Ivanushka will play a sad song - everyone will be sad, everyone will have tears rolling...
Most Favorite children's activity- is listening to fairy tales. They can be read or recited from memory, but the meaning must be explained to the child. The fact is that fairy tales contain the wisdom of generations of ancestors. It may be well hidden in some works, but it is always present. There are a few various types fairy tales In this article we will talk about household ones.
What is an everyday fairy tale?
An everyday fairy tale is simply a storehouse of knowledge, because first of all it contains a description of folk life, which is where its name comes from. Since these works are created for children, household folk tales contain a lot of humor and exciting adventures. The hero of an everyday fairy tale is not a hero, but a common person, for example, a soldier, a peasant or a blacksmith. He doesn't commit feats of arms and has no magical gifts, but overcomes all difficulties with the help of his ingenuity and dexterity. Also often the main motive is love theme- wedding, wedding or life after marriage.
This type of fairy tale appeared not so long ago. Children perceive everyday fairy tales best between the ages of 2 and 7 years, so it is worth reading them more often during this period. You should also pay attention to the fact that certain types of fairy tales are suitable for a certain age.
What types of everyday fairy tales are there?
It should be noted that everyday fairy tales can be the result of both folk art and individual authors. For example, Charles Perrault or Saltykov-Shchedrin wrote many fairy tales in the everyday genre.
Fairy tales are divided into 3 subgroups, which allow you to more accurately determine what everyday tale:
- social and everyday ("The Chatty Old Woman", "Shemyakin Court"),
- satirical-everyday ("The Man and the Pop", "The Master and the Man"),
- magical and everyday ones (“Morozko”, “Cinderella”).
However, it is worth noting that fairy tales can be divided only conditionally, because the same work can contain different elements: satire, magic, and just everyday life.
What do everyday fairy tales teach?
Everyday tales were and are told to children in order to show them right direction in life, teach them to make the right choice. After all, what is an everyday fairy tale if not a lesson and instruction for future generations? She teaches us the best and the best, because good always triumphs over evil, people who are ready to help do not disappear in trouble, and our heroes are always ready to defend their homeland.
Everyday tales usually convey the idea that one must be hardworking and skillful. Such people succeed in everything. And the inept and lazy in these fairy tales are usually ridiculed, and they are left with nothing. Thus, in everyday fairy tales, gentlemen and priests are treated negatively. They are usually seen as greedy and lazy, and these qualities are always unpleasant to people. Moreover, we can say that heroes are clearly visible in everyday fairy tales. Moreover, people of lower classes have much more nobility and kindness than richer ones. The role of an everyday fairy tale is to expose lies and show precisely the social difficulties and problems that exist in society.
Magical everyday tales
Often the genres of fairy tales can be mixed, as for example in fairy tales. They usually contain 2 worlds, one of which is real, and the second is fictional. Thus, the famous beginning “In a certain kingdom...” is the main indicator of a fairy tale. Also besides fantasy world there are also those endowed here special forces, such as Koschey or Baba Yaga.
Magical everyday tales can tell about heroes ("Vasilisa the Beautiful"), lost children ("The Twelve Months"), or about people with certain abilities ("Marya the Mistress"). They always begin with the elders leaving the younger ones or the strong leaving the weak alone, and they, in turn, violate a strictly established prohibition. This form of presentation is the most memorable for children.
In such fairy tales there is always a magical element. good helper or an object with the help of which victory over the villain is achieved.
Perhaps, magical fairy tales about animals are very interesting for children. In Russian fairy tales, villains often have pets, for example, Baba Yaga. Usually these are cats that help good characters escape. This is not surprising, because the owners practically do not feed the animals, much less caress them.
Everyday tales about animals
Among other types of fairy tales, there are also tales about animals. They can talk about both simple creatures that live in the forest ("The Wolf and the Seven Little Goats", "The Fox and the Hare" and others), and about the magical "Humpbacked Horse". An everyday fairy tale about animals necessarily presupposes the ability of these creatures to talk and think like people. In everyday tales about animals, they often have quite human problems and emotions, as well as living conditions. At its core, it's really about people.
A distinctive feature of Russian fairy tales about animals is that all animals are endowed with special, characteristic features. So, everyone knows from childhood that the fox is cunning, the hare is hardworking, and the wolf is cruel.
Everyday tales of the peoples of Russia
It is impossible to overestimate the importance of everyday fairy tales. So, every nation not only ours Greater Russia, but the whole world knows what an everyday fairy tale is, and tells it to children. Every nation has its own fairy tales, but their plots are often repeated. However, thanks to them we can learn more about the culture of another people and better understand them. This is very important in a situation like Russia. When children listen to the tales of their people in early age, they perceive them much better than foreign works.
The Tale of the Hero Naznay
The genres of fairy tales are very diverse, so sometimes an everyday fairy tale can be perfect for describing a hero. Bogatyr Naznay and his actions relate precisely to such a case.
This tale is about a hero who himself could not do anything, but was able to become a king. The fact is that he was very lucky, and he dealt with his enemies simply by chance. The hero was so unlucky that he guessed to write on his sword that he killed 500 people with one blow (although in fact he killed only 500 flies). The king found out about this, invited the hero and married him to his daughter. In fact, the hero did not perform any feats, but he was very lucky and dealt with his enemies. So, he killed a snake by simply falling on it from a tree in a dream, and defeated three evil heroes by quarreling between them: they themselves killed each other.
At the end of the tale, getting scared and starting to undress, Naznay frightened the attacking army, because they thought that in front of them, thanks to the victory, he had become king. In fact, we have before us an everyday fairy tale, since there is no heroism in it, only luck. The hero copes with difficulties thanks to her and his ingenuity.
Realistic. Because the characters real people, not otherworldly creatures
Novelistic. Because they are entertaining and interesting stories.
Household. Because peasant life is deeply reflected in them, although a description of life is never the goal.
If in a fairy tale there is two-dimensionality, the difference between two worlds, then in There is only one everyday world - the one in which we live.
The hero of everyday fairy tales is no longer a prince, not the youngest of three sons. This is a young guy, a peasant, a farm laborer. His antagonist is a gentleman, a landowner, a kulak, a rich man. These tales can serve as a means of studying the peasant worldview. The hero in a fairy tale always wins. In everyday fairy tales, the bearers of evil are earthly people. The hero is socially insignificant; there is no idealization in his portrayal: he is poor, oppressed.
One of the main features of these tales is the lack of supernaturalism. There are no magic remedies. Or simply the supernatural is interpreted realistically. Transformations can occur (the wife turned her husband into a dog with a blow of a stick).
Maybe first person narration as opposed to magical ones.
Into the everyday life of fairy tales the laws of nature are not violated, and if they are violated, then this is depicted as something quite possible, but nevertheless, the central events of an everyday fairy tale are completely impossible in life due to their extraordinary nature. The setting and background are completely ordinary, but the actions characters go beyond what usually happens in life.
The composition is varied. They are simple and concise. The intrigues are very simple. Their extraordinary popularity is due to their closeness to life. The everyday tale is not only the most popular, but also the most national species fairy tales
Some everyday tales are brightly humorous. An everyday tale tends to be an anecdote. Subgroup - satirical tales or anecdotal ones.
The second subgroup of everyday tales - novelistic. Their theme is personal life, the characters are people connected by ties (of some kind). The heroes of short story tales are separated lovers, a slandered girl, a persecuted wife, a sister cruelly punished by her brother, etc. The plot consists of love adventures, travel, etc. They depict only part of the hero's life. Novels contain a large number of household elements, life details. With literary processing, they easily turn into a short story.
There are also transitional tales. They can be equally classified as both everyday and magical.
Plots of everyday fairy tales:
· About wise girls
· About testing wives - novelistic
· Anecdotal story about clever and successful guessers
· ABOUT clever thieves- anecdotal
· About robbers - novelistic
· About the owner and worker
· About butts
· About fools - anecdotal
· About evil wives: such tales are painted satirically. Some negative aspects of life in a patriarchal village. Colored hyperbolically.
· About jesters and fools: the hero of the fairy tale, the jester, with his deceptions leads people to crime and death, causes fires, etc., and all this to the accompaniment of malicious laughter. This may cause outrage, but this is just a fairy tale. Also satirical.
Does not necessarily imply exciting action with magical transformations, where glorious heroes defeat mythical monsters with the help of amazing artifacts. Many of these stories are based on events that could well have taken place in real life. These are everyday tales. They teach goodness, ridicule human vices: greed, stupidity, cruelty and others, often containing an ironic basis and social background. What is an everyday fairy tale? This is an instructive story without any special supernatural miracles, useful for children, and often thought-provoking even for adults.
"Turnip"
You don't have to look too far to find an example of such a tale. They can serve everyone famous story about the turnip that my grandfather planted in the garden. The old man did not expect that it would grow too big, so much so that he would not be able to pull it out of the ground alone. In order to cope with challenging task, the grandfather called all his family members for help. They turned out to be a grandmother, granddaughter and animals living in the house. Thus, the turnip was pulled out. The idea of a simple plot is not difficult to understand. When everyone acts together, amicably and unitedly, everything will definitely work out. Even a little mouse took part in the described action.
On in this example It’s easy to understand what an everyday fairy tale is. Of course, the story mentioned contains some fantastic facts. For example, a turnip cannot grow so huge, and animals are not smart enough to perform similar work. However, if we put aside these details, the moral of the story turns out to be very useful and can be useful in real life.
Heroes of Russian fairy tales
The peculiarity of everyday fairy tales is that most often they contain healthy satire. Naive innocence turns out to be wiser than the most sophisticated cunning, and resourcefulness and ingenuity repel arrogance, vanity, arrogance and greed. Here vices are ridiculed, regardless of person and rank. In such stories, the stupidity and laziness of almighty kings and the greed of hypocritical priests are mercilessly castigated.
A wonderful hero of Russian fairy tales often turns out to be Ivanushka the Fool. This is a special character who always emerges victorious from all, even the most incredible challenges. You can understand what an everyday fairy tale is by remembering other interesting and bright heroes created by the imagination of the Russian people. They are a cunning man who is able to fool all his offenders from among the greedy rich, as well as a soldier whose resourcefulness will delight anyone.
"Porridge from an ax"
Among the examples of everyday fairy tales in which the above-mentioned characters are involved is “Porridge from an Axe.” This is a very short but instructive story about how easy and fun you can overcome life difficulties and adversity, if you approach everything with humor and have an approach to people.
A resourceful soldier, having come to billet a stingy old woman who pretended to be poor so as not to treat the guest with anything, decided to use a trick to achieve his goal. He volunteered to cook food from an axe. Driven by curiosity, the mistress of the house, without noticing it herself, provided the soldier with all the food necessary for cooking and allowed him to take away the ax, which supposedly had not yet been cooked. Here, the sympathies of all readers and listeners, as a rule, are on the side of the resourceful serviceman. And interested parties have a chance to have a good laugh at the greedy old woman. This is the everyday fairy tale at its best.
Literary works
Great writers also worked in fairy-tale genres. A clear indicator of this are the works of the 19th century genius Saltykov-Shchedrin. Imitating folk art, the author assigned a certain character to the characters. social status, which conveyed his political ideas to readers.
Most of his stories should rather be classified as tales about animals. They contain allegories, the purpose of which is to reveal social vices. But this does not exhaust the list of works of this writer, consonant with the genres of folk tales. Everyday tales created on social basis, for example, is reminiscent of “The Tale of How One Man Fed Two Generals.” This unique narrative breathes subtle humor and inimitable satire, and its characters are so reliable that they are relevant for any era.
Jokes
Anecdotes are also examples of everyday tales. Of course, not everyone has the same attitude towards this kind of folklore. But this colorful genre clearly expresses folk identity, the concept of morality and various vicissitudes public relations. In addition, this form of creativity is always relevant and constantly evolving.
According to modern folkloristics, everyday jokes in different areas have their own characteristic features and peculiarities, which are of interest for scientific study. This also applies general patterns formation and development of this genre, which became a topic for research and presentation in many scientific works and dissertations. At all times, an anecdote has turned out to be an excellent way for people to respond to the arbitrariness of the authorities, to phenomena and events that contradict their concepts of justice and ethics.
Other forms of the genre
It is not difficult to understand how an everyday fairy tale differs from a magical one. Of course, stories about sorcerers and fantastic adventures are always interesting and find their fans. But capacious, witty stories that reveal the full depth of social and human relations simply cannot be irrelevant. Other varieties of the genre of everyday fairy tales include riddles and ridicule. The first of them is an allegorical description of a certain object or event and is asked in the form of a question. And the second is clearly satirical short work, which especially gives a reason to have fun over vices unworthy people. There are also boring fairy tales. This is a very interesting genre. In such stories, a certain set of words is deliberately repeated; there is no plot as such, because the action essentially develops in a vicious circle. Bright and famous example“The Tale of the White Bull” can serve as a similar story.
All of the above works constitute a treasury of folklore, a storehouse of its wisdom and sparkling humor carried through the centuries.
Krestnikova Marina
Russian folk tales, their role in the development of preschool children
RUSSIAN FOLK HOUSEHOLD TALES
Children's literature
INTRODUCTION
Folk tale enters a child’s life very early and remains with him throughout childhood, and therefore it is difficult to overestimate its influence on developing personality . The popularity of this genre among children explained by its characteristic features.
Firstly, fairy tale offers to be transported to a fictional world: this is how they perceive everything that happens in fairy tale and narrator, and the listener. This means that in in a fairy tale everything is possible what is impossible in reality - miraculous events, magical transformations, unexpected transformations. That's why fairy tale corresponds to a child's penchant for fantasy and belief in miracles.
But the greatest value fairy tales- this is an indispensable triumph of goodness and justice in the finale. World fairy tales are an ideal world, the image of which lives in the soul of not only a child, but also an adult. However, as already noted, the child tends to see reality in light colors, and therefore fairy his view of the world is unusually close to him.
Household fairy tale is simply a storehouse of knowledge, because first of all it contains a description folk life, which is where its name comes from. Since these works are created for children, That everyday folk tales contain a lot of humor and exciting adventures. Hero everyday fairy tale is not a hero, but an ordinary person, for example, a soldier, peasant or blacksmith. He does not perform feats of arms and has no magical gifts, but overcomes all difficulties with the help of his ingenuity and dexterity. Also, often the main motive is a love theme - a wedding, wedding or life after marriage.
This variety fairy tales appeared not so long ago. Everyday tales children perceive best in aged 2 to 7 years, so it’s worth reading them more often during this period. You should also pay attention to the fact that to a certain age one type or another is suitable fairy tales.
1. Types fairy tales
It should be noted that everyday tales may be the result of folk art, and individual authors. For example, Charles Perrault or Saltykov-Shchedrin wrote a lot fairy tales in the everyday genre.
Fairy tales are divided into 3 subgroups, which allow you to more accurately determine what it is everyday tale:
social household(“The Chatty Old Woman”, “Shemyakin Court”,
satirical household(“The Man and the Pop”, “The Master and the Man”,
magically- household("Morozko", "Cinderella").
However, it is worth noting that fairy tales can be divided only conditionally, because one and the same work may contain different elements: satire, magic, and just everyday life.
What is taught everyday tales?
Everyday tales were and are told to children in order to to point them in the right direction in life, to teach them to make the right choice. After all, what is everyday tale, if not teaching and instruction to future generations? She teaches us the best and the best, because good always triumphs over evil, people who are ready to help do not disappear in trouble, and our heroes are always ready to defend their homeland. Everyday tales usually carry the idea that one must be hardworking and skillful. Such people succeed in everything. And the inept and lazy in these fairy tales are usually ridiculed, and they are left with nothing. So, in everyday tales They have a negative attitude towards gentlemen and priests. They are usually seen as greedy and lazy, and these qualities are always unpleasant to people. Moreover, we can say that in everyday tales The social inequality of the heroes is clearly visible. Moreover, people of lower classes have much more nobility and kindness than richer ones. The role of everyday fairy tales is, to expose lies and show exactly the social difficulties and problems that exist in society.
Fairy tale with all its content claimed: He who works should have wealth. It’s interesting that, having become rich, a man never stops work: fairy tale does not imagine his hero outside of work.
ridicule in social everyday tales, how in " The Tale of Ruff Ershovich", "Vorona", was subjected to legal proceedings medieval Rus' and even the king himself. Unreasonableness; unfairness of court decisions people explained by the stupidity of the judges, bribery, but in fairy tales it was as if he was restoring justice. A poor man leaves Shemyaka's court unpunished ("Shemyakin Court", thanks to the ingenuity of his daughter, a man who solves riddles better than his narrow-minded but rich brother ("Seven Years", etc.) fights off the unjust court of the governor.
In all this the optimism of the people affected, his belief in the possibility of peace and harmony in society and family, his dreams of a happy future. Took quite a long time to tie people establishment of justice on earth with the name of the king. It was believed that the tsar was surrounded by dishonest, vain, stupid boyars and confidants. IN in fairy tales they are ridiculed, are ridiculed evilly and sharply (for example, in fairy tales "Gorshenya"", "Spruce Cones", the king is portrayed as a wise man, punishing fools and rewarding smart men. But in fairy tale “The Tsar and the Tailor”"The king is shown already the same as him close: despising common man, stupid and funny.
2. System of images everyday tales
So called everyday tales are fairy tales, which reflects folk everyday life, real reality, without any miracles, without any magic.
Everyday tales- these are real satirical folk works.
Satire consists of a clear mockery of the greed, stinginess, and stupidity of people, most of them the rich.
These qualities are ridiculed in the master, the merchant, the priest, and they do not even spare the king himself.
Everyone knows the hero from childhood everyday fairy tales Ivanushka the Fool.
Even in the names of many this name appears in fairy tales: "The Tale of Ivan the Fool", "Ivan the Fool", "Ivan the Peasant Son and the Miracle Yudo", "How Ivan the Fool Guarded the Door."
Usually this hero is despised by everyone, or rather say, is despised by those who consider him stupid, unreasonable among them, the “reasonable ones”. But in fact, this simple-minded fool turns out to be almost the only intelligent creature.
He is not stupid at all, but simply naive, good-natured, and selfless. Around him, people deceive each other, are cunning, are greedy, want to gain wealth by all means, stroke their pride, and Ivanushka lies on the stove, dreams, he is happy with little things - a red shirt and a kind word. And happiness comes to him, and not to those who strived for wealth, for a high rank. The fool marries some beautiful princess and becomes a handsome man himself.
IN everyday tales selflessness takes precedence over greed, stinginess, intelligence and ingenuity over stupidity, true honor over arrogance.
And this is the deep meaning of such fairy tales.
Of course, such heroes fairy tales Apart from Ivanushka, there are ordinary men, an old man and an old woman, brothers, a worker, a peasant, a soldier.
For example, tales of a serviceman: “Porridge from an axe”, “Soldier’s overcoat”, “Soldier and the devil”, “Soldier’s school”.
U Russian people have a lot of fairy tales, collections have been published more than once Russian fairy tales.
Give the entire list even just household there is no possibility.
Many people remember these from childhood fairy tales, For example: “Horshenya”, “Lutonyushka”, “Grief”, “Salt”, “What does not happen in the world”, “Good priest”, “Turnip”, “Hidden treasure”, “Wise servant”.
In all fairy tales funny joke , an ironic joke is intertwined and interspersed with serious assessments of human affairs.
3. Genre features fairy tales
Children's consciousness, which goes through the first stages of its formation precisely thanks to the perception of realistic stories, much more susceptible than an adult. And, despite the fact that the very concept fairy tales has existed for several hundred years, children receive their first knowledge in this life, just like many centuries ago, precisely thanks to such stories.
The most common Russian folk tales teach children to perceive correctly life values, and also teach to believe and love. Fairy tales give an understanding of that good is always nearby, and miracles can happen to us every day in the real world.
Often in stories everyday tales different nations There are both good and evil characters. Of course, good always wins, despite all the vicissitudes of the heroes' destinies. And this pattern is not accidental. After all, this is precisely the perception development of fabulous The plot helps the child strive for the best and do good deeds in real life.
But the life trials that fate throws at the characters everyday tales, teach kids humility and patience. But it is very important that the title and plot fairy tales were able to convey to the child’s consciousness that a happy ending will definitely come, you just have to try a little.
Certainly, everyday tales They are far from the fantasy genre, but they also have magic. After all, when the situation the characters find themselves in turns out to be hopeless, a solution always appears. Such miracles give the baby not only a subconscious feeling of security, but also stimulate his curiosity and independent development.
Household(satirical) fairy tale closest to Everyday life and, not even necessarily, includes miracles. Approval or condemnation is always given openly and clearly expressed grade: what is immoral, what is worthy of ridicule, etc. Even when it seems that the heroes are simply fooling around, amusing the listeners, their every word, every action is filled with significant meaning, connected with important aspects of a person’s life.
Constant heroes of satirical fairy tales are performed"simple" poor people. However, they invariably prevail over "difficult"- a rich or noble person. Unlike the heroes of the magical fairy tales here the poor achieve the triumph of justice without the help of wonderful helpers - only thanks to intelligence, dexterity, resourcefulness and even fortunate circumstances.
Household satirical tale has been absorbed for centuries character traits life people and his relationship to those in power, in particular to judges and officials.
IN everyday tales Sometimes animal characters appear, and perhaps the appearance of such abstract characters as Truth and Falsehood, Woe and Misfortune. The main thing here is not the selection of characters, but the satirical condemnation of human vices and shortcomings.
Sometimes in fairy tale such a specific element of children's folklore as the shapeshifter is introduced. In this case, a shift in real meaning occurs, encouraging the child to correctly arrange objects and phenomena. IN fairy tale the changeling becomes larger, grows into an episode, and already forms part of the content. Displacement and exaggeration, hyperbolization of phenomena give the child the opportunity to laugh and think.
CONCLUSION
Fairy tale- one of the most interesting genres of oral creativity. The fight between good and evil, faith in the triumph of justice, a bright future - all this is reflected in folk tales.
Everyday tales are brief. The plot usually centers on one episode, action develops quickly, there are no repetitions of episodes, the events in them can be defined as absurd, funny and strange. In these comics are widely developed in fairy tales, which is determined by their satirical, humorous, ironic character. Also, they are not horror, they are funny, witty, everything is focused on action and narrative features that reveal the images of the characters.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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