04/02/2018 Views: 13074
Parquet board - modern wooden flooring, which can be laid on the base in two ways: floating, connecting the boards to each other using locks, and adhesive, immovably attaching the boards to the base. Let's figure out what the difference is and which method to choose.
Floating method
In this case, the boards are assembled into one sheet without gluing or other fixation to the base. The boards are fastened to each other using locks. Often, to make installation easier, a row of boards is first assembled, and then the row is attached to the previous one, and so on. If you have experience laying laminate flooring, then you can easily cope with laying parquet boards using a floating method.
Using the floating method, the parquet board is laid on the substrate. Include the cost of purchasing it in your repair estimate.
A specialist installs a parquet board on a cork base.
Parquet assembled without glue can, if necessary, be disassembled, moved to another room and re-installed. Experts also recommend it because non-glued boards freely expand and contract during seasonal fluctuations in humidity. There is no tension between them and the adhesive layer.
Glue method
The boards, just like in the floating method, are fastened to each other using locks, but each board is also additionally fixed to the base with glue. Glue is applied to an area of two boards. In this case, it will not be possible to assemble the floor in rows.
Installing parquet boards with glue. Glue is applied to the area in two strips
The adhesive method is suitable for installing parquet boards directly on a concrete base, screed or self-leveling floor. You can glue the boards to plywood that has been previously fixed to the concrete floor.
Some boards cannot be glued and others cannot. Uneven load on the floor will lead to damage to the parquet.
Attention - to the base
In any case, the base must be smooth and dry. There is an opinion that, using a backing and a floating installation method, you can install a parquet board on an uneven base, for example, an old one wooden floor. Parquet manufacturers warn against such a decision. Over time, after such installation, creaking and even cracks or breaking of individual parquet flooring may appear.
There is also the opposite misconception that good glue parquet boards can be glued even to undried screed. This mistake can cost you dearly, because after installing a parquet board on a damp base, it will take excess moisture from it and will swell and crack at the joints.
Here are the main requirements for bases for parquet boards:
- The humidity of a concrete subfloor should not exceed 4%, the humidity of a wooden subfloor should not exceed 12%.
- The concrete screed must be strong. When scratched with a nail, the concrete should not crumble.
- The subfloor must be level: deviations of 2 mm are allowed for every 2 m of floor.
- There should be no cracks, potholes or voids on the floor. Before installation, it must be thoroughly cleaned of any dirt.
In conclusion, a piece of advice: regardless of the installation method, choose trusted manufacturers and carefully read their recommendations for the selected type of board. If you decide to glue, then also study the recommendations for using parquet glue.
Parquet boards are usually laid using a floating method, which is more technologically advanced and easier to implement. But if you need to ensure the maximum rigidity of the coating or the floor area is too large, it is better to install it with glue. An important condition for installation is right choice adhesive composition, otherwise there is a risk of hopelessly ruining the expensive coating.
What kind of glue should be used for parquet boards and how to avoid mistakes when installing using the adhesive method?
Like any wood, parquet boards are prone to deformation, although to a lesser extent than ordinary plank floors. To ensure that such a coating does not deform after installation and lasts as long as possible, the adhesive must meet certain requirements:
- low water content– excess moisture leads to swelling of the lamellas, the formation of waves on the floor surface, and warping of the face layer. After drying, such material does not always restore its original shape and in some cases the floor has to be repaired or even replaced completely. So, the less water in the composition, the better the styling will be;
- minimal shrinkage– if the thickness of the adhesive layer decreases significantly after drying, this will disrupt the flatness of the coating, gaps will form between the slats, and the floor will begin to make unpleasant creaks underfoot;
- elasticity– under the influence of humidity and temperature changes, the parquet board increases or decreases in size, and adhesive layer must provide the necessary mobility of the slats. If the glue does not have such qualities, at the first thermal expansion the coating may swell in waves;
- durability– the service life of the adhesive must correspond to the service life of the parquet board, which is very long. If the boards begin to peel off ahead of time, restoration of the coating will not be cheap, and it is not always possible to select new slats that are identical in color and pattern;
- correspondence sanitary standards – the use of adhesive mixtures with harmful additives carries risks for human health, especially if the coating is laid in a residential area.
In addition, the glue should be easy to apply, dry quickly, and have high adhesive properties to various types grounds. It is important that it does not leave stains if it accidentally gets on the front surface of the planks and is cleaned off without much effort.
Universal adhesives meet these criteria only partially, so for high-quality installation It is worth choosing compounds specifically designed for wood flooring.
Types of adhesives
All adhesives produced for parquet flooring are divided into two groups. The first group includes one-component compositions - aqueous dispersions and solvent-based adhesives. The second group is two-component mixtures consisting of a base and a hardener, which must be mixed before laying the coating.
One-component
These compounds are sold completely ready for use, which reduces installation time. It's practical and relatively inexpensive option, which is excellent for residential premises. Depending on the basis of the composition, one-component adhesives have significant differences in characteristics.
Dispersion composition. Water-soluble adhesive containing cellulose acid or acrylic. It contains no toxic components or solvents, making it considered the safest for use in residential areas. This glue does not have a strong odor, is easy to apply and just as easy to clean when it gets on the front layer of a coating or wall. At the same time, its scope of application is quite limited due to the presence of water in the composition. Dispersion adhesive can only be used on absorbent substrates and only for coatings made of moisture-resistant wood, for example, larch, oak, merbau, teak. Less dense rocks are saturated with moisture from the glue, swell, and change color.
Dispersions should not be used in unheated rooms, as well as in conditions of high humidity - freezing and dampness reduce the strength of the adhesive layer, and the coating peels off. Doesn't fit this type glue and for rooms with high loads, since it has low peel strength.
Solvent based adhesives. These are anhydrous formulations containing rubber, MS polymers or artificial resins. They are excellent for wood coverings because they do not cause warping of the material, and can be used on a variety of substrates, including non-absorbent ones. The adhesive layer provides reliable adhesion of working surfaces, high resistance to mechanical loads and other influences. Thanks to the increased elasticity of the adhesive, the coating perfectly withstands sudden fluctuations in temperature and humidity, maintaining an ideal flatness.
Due to the presence of solvents, these adhesives are flammable substances, so installation should not be carried out near open sources fire. Synthetic and polymer compositions They have a pungent odor and their fumes can cause irritation to the respiratory tract. When working with such adhesives, you should use protective equipment, and after the floor has dried, thoroughly ventilate the room.
Two-component
These adhesives have universal properties. They are used for many types decorative coatings and on various reasons– absorbent and non-absorbent. They are quick-drying, elastic, resistant to negative impacts and almost no shrinkage. It is these compositions that are the most durable. Glue is made based on polymers and comes in two types:
- epoxy-polyurethane composition - more affordable, after curing it retains elasticity within 15-20%. Has a pungent odor and requires use protective equipment at work;
- polyurethane composition is a high-strength and expensive adhesive, after curing it retains elasticity within 30-40%. It has almost no odor and does not contain toxic substances.
The glue consists of two parts - a polymer base and a liquid hardener, packaged in different containers. Both components are mixed immediately before application, and the time to produce the mixture is about an hour. Ready-made glue is not suitable for storage, even in a tightly closed container, because hardening occurs as a result chemical reaction between components.
Popular brands of adhesives for parquet boards
The choice of parquet adhesives today is very wide, and it is easy for an inexperienced person to get confused in such a variety of adhesive compositions. Unfortunately, not all manufacturers produce decent products, and often the glue does not at all correspond to the stated characteristics. In order not to spoil an expensive coating, when choosing, you need to pay attention to proven brands that have been present on the construction market for many years.
| Name | Composition characteristics |
|---|---|
| Water-soluble adhesive with improved characteristics. It has low emission, peel and shear strength, and heat resistance. Used for fixing parquet flooring to absorbent substrates. Setting time is no more than 15 minutes, complete drying takes 3-5 days. Consumption is 0.8-1.2 kg/m2 |
| Manufactured on the basis of MS polymers. Without water and solvents, elastic, does not shrink. It has very high adhesive properties and can be applied without prior priming of the base. Suitable for laying coverings on heated floors. The viability of the solution is 30 minutes, the consumption of the working mixture is from 0.8 to 1.2 kg/m2 |
| The composition is two-component, epoxy-polyurethane. Quick-drying, durable, resistant to moisture and temperature changes. Designed for fixing all types of wooden coverings on any substrate. The pot life of the glue is 1 hour; it takes about 48 hours to dry completely. Consumption is 0.9-1.2 kg/m2 |
| Two-component, polyurethane based. Without water and solvents, with increased strength, an elastic composition intended for installation of wooden coverings on all types of substrates. It is resistant to moisture, temperature changes, and various microorganisms. Can be used on heated floors and surfaces subject to vibration. The mixture remains viable for 50-60 minutes, consumption ranges from 0.9 to 1.5 kg/m2 |
| Two-component, on polyurethane based. It features fast curing and high peel strength. Designed for fixing parquet coverings to absorbent and non-absorbent substrates. The adhesive layer ensures reliable adhesion of surfaces and maintains elasticity throughout its entire service life. Suitable for high traffic areas. The pot life of the glue is about 50 minutes, the consumption is 0.9-1.5 kg/m2 |
| One-component adhesive containing silane and polyurethane. Can be used on non-absorbent substrates without prior priming of the floor. After drying, the adhesive layer is highly elastic with a springy effect and absorbs the sounds of steps well. It does not contain harmful compounds and is intended for attaching wooden coverings to any type of base. Potlife time is 30-40 minutes, consumption is from 1.1 to 1.35 kg/m2 |
| Dispersive glue mixture with low water content. Without resins, solvents, toxic compounds. Intended for parquet flooring of all types, including those sensitive to moisture. Suitable for absorbent substrates only. The adhesive is easy to apply, quickly sets, and retains its elasticity after drying. The pot life of the mixture is about 10 minutes, consumption is from 0.5 to 1 kg/m2 |
How to choose the right glue
The choice of composition is determined, first of all, by the type of base to which the coating will be attached, and the type of coating itself. Operating conditions should also be taken into account, i.e. humidity and temperature regime, room traffic, static loads. Let's consider how to choose the most suitable composition, depending on the characteristics of the subfloor.
As for operating conditions, everything is quite simple. It is recommended to use dispersion adhesives in the bedroom, living room or office. The loads in these rooms are low, the humidity is low, and the temperature is usually stable. In the kitchen or in the hallway, solvent-based adhesive would be more appropriate: here the exposure to moisture is stronger and the loads are higher, so the adhesive layer must be very elastic and durable. In a bathroom, hallway, or on an unheated balcony, it is best to glue the coating with a two-component composition that has the highest strength ratings.
How to glue a parquet board
Many people believe that gluing parquet is a very difficult task that only specialists can do. In fact, there is nothing complicated about this, you just need to work according to the instructions. How to glue parquet so that it lasts a long time?
To protect a parquet floor from moisture, three layers of varnish are required.
You will need the following tools:
- Roulette.
- Sander.
Preparatory work
You can start gluing parquet only after all wet work on the interior decoration of the room has been completed. If this rule is neglected, the floor may become damaged. You also need to take into account that after laying the flooring is completed, you can no longer paint the walls.
Flooring such as parquet requires very careful and careful handling. Conditions must be taken into account environment premises, since parquet is a material that differs hypersensitivity, it reacts very quickly to all changes in external conditions.
The first step is to lay plywood, which must be well sanded. In order for the parquet to accept the desired climatic conditions, it is recommended to keep it indoors for some time.
How is parquet laid?
After this, you can proceed directly to laying the parquet. Plywood covered parquet glue, you need to use a special spatula to make it more convenient. In order to have a good fixation, the parquet needs to be shot at the edge into each plank. To perform zeroing, you must use some kind of pneumatic tool. After the flooring has been laid, you should wait until the adhesive sets properly.
When the glue has dried, you can begin to process the laid surface. As for the waiting period for the glue to dry, most often it does not exceed a week, but a lot depends on the quality of the glue and its features. Sanding parquet flooring is necessary in order to get rid of dirt and dust when the work has come to an end.
It is necessary to ensure that the floor is perfectly level. For high-quality grinding, it is recommended to use a drum sander; working with it is not difficult, it is accessible even to those who do not have such experience. Using this device, you can very effectively remove all existing unevenness and defects that are present on the floor.
There may be microcracks in the connections. To avoid this, putty is applied over the entire floor surface. In most cases, the owners of apartments and houses want the color of the putty to completely match the color of the parquet itself. This is not difficult to achieve - you need to use special solutions. Parquet dust should be added to them.
When this stage of putty has come to an end, you can begin the final sanding. This process is carried out in a similar way, again you should use grinder. When this is done, you need to start varnishing the floor covering. Before doing this, you should follow these recommendations:
- All windows in the room must be closed.
- All air conditioners, if any, should be turned off, as should humidifiers.
It is necessary to obtain a homogeneous surface; in no case is dust allowed to accumulate, since as a result of this floor surface will become dull, which will make it unattractive.
Before gluing the parquet, you need to choose it correctly, since this is no less important than the gluing method.
Experts do not recommend choosing homogeneous wood, since piece parquet is unique material. Its texture and shades are different; there is no repetition even in planks that are cut from the same trunk. The fact is that natural wood cannot be uniform.
You should not artificially tint wood, as the desired result is rarely achieved. It is very important to choose the right parquet adhesive, since not only the result, but also the service life depends on it. It is the quality of the glue that largely determines how well the floor covering can withstand, for example, being flooded with water. Experts recommend choosing environmentally friendly water-dispersion adhesives, which have a low water content (no more than 25%).
If you are using parquet made from exotic wood, it is best to use a unique water-dispersible two-component adhesive, which has an even lower water content (no more than 11%). If you are using varnished parquet, it is better to purchase a classic two-component polyurethane adhesive. The intermediate base layer on which the parquet is laid must be made of quality plywood, characterized by increased water resistance. The thickness of the plywood should be no less than the thickness of the parquet. So, everything can be done with your own hands without difficulty.
Regarding parquet you can often hear the following very useful advice: if you buy it, then it should be of the highest quality possible; Otherwise, it will be very disappointing if such an expensive floor covering has to be replaced soon. The choice of adhesive for parquet should be carried out using the same approach. After all, all the components of a parquet floor - parquet, glue and protective covering- in fact, they are links of one chain: if one of them turns out to be unreliable, the entire structure will suffer.
In this article we will talk about the types adhesive compositions for laying parquet, as well as the properties they should have.
Requirements
So let's start with short lecture about what qualities a good parquet adhesive should have. There are not so few of them:
Durability: high-quality parquet with a fairly thick face layer when proper care capable of serving for an extremely long time - more than a hundred years. Therefore, the glue should have the same durability.
Plasticity: after hardening, parquet adhesive should retain some mobility, which will allow wooden dies to change in size without stress with changes in temperature and humidity.
The ability to provide strong adhesion to the base: parquet adhesive should perform its main function especially well. Firstly, parquet, like any other flooring, is constantly exposed to stress when people walk; and secondly, this material is also periodically sanded, which is also a good test of the glue’s strength.
No shrinkage: if parquet is glued using glue that shrinks over time, the floor will soon begin to creak.
The amount of water in the composition corresponds to the type of wood: as you know, most types of wood are not friendly with water. So the glue is on water based can only be used for installing parquet that consists entirely of moisture-resistant species, such as oak. Any other one will swell upon contact with water and begin to creak, and possibly rot. In addition, water-based parquet adhesives are not able to provide sufficient adhesion for planks made from oil-rich tropical trees.
Environmental friendliness.
Today it is extremely important to remember that modern construction and finishing materials can release toxic volatile substances into the air. There are many known cases of poisoning caused by fumes from paint, wallpaper paste and even linoleum. Therefore, for gluing parquet, whenever possible, you should use compositions in which harmful substances are absent altogether or are present in minimal quantities.
Types of parquet glue
Also, in order to answer the question of which adhesive to choose for parquet, you need to know the classification of these products according to their chemical composition, or more precisely, according to the type of base. First of all, they are divided into two large groups:
One-component: these adhesives are already sold in finished form, so you can use them immediately, which is very convenient.
Two-component (reactive): such glue must be prepared before use, since the hardener for it is packaged separately from the main composition. This makes life a little more difficult for the installer, but two-component adhesives provide a much stronger connection than their one-component counterparts, which plays a big role when installing parquet with varnish coating or heavy solid board. In addition, the compositions of this type prevent damage to wood by mold and mildew, which is especially important for parquet made of beech, ash and fruit trees.
Now let's look at each of the varieties in more detail.
One-component adhesives
Ready-to-use compositions come in the following types: water-dispersed and compositions prepared on the basis of solvents, silane and polyurethane.
Water-dispersed
This is the safest adhesive for parquet, since the fumes it produces do not contain any toxic components. However, due to the presence of water in the composition, it is only suitable for moisture-resistant wood (oak, larch) or for parquet, the dies of which are very small in size.
Coverings made of beech, alder, ash, maple and fruit tree wood should not be glued with a similar composition, since these materials are not only not moisture resistant, but are generally very demanding in terms of humidity conditions.
Exotic species, which are characterized by a pronounced ability to repel water, for example, teak, balau, merbau, will not swell upon contact with this glue, but due to the presence large quantity oils in their structure, the adhesion force may be extremely low - it is recommended to first check the magnitude of the pull-out force.
When purchasing water-based glue, you should pay attention to exactly how much water it contains (its share is indicated as a percentage). The more “watery” the composition turns out to be, the cheaper it will cost, but its adhesive properties will also be worse.
Solvent based adhesives
Compositions of this type can be used for gluing any wood, only the boards should not be too large, otherwise the strength of the connection will be insufficient. Another disadvantage is the evaporation of the solvent, which is not only harmful to health, but also dangerous from the point of view of the possibility of fire.
Therefore, it is advisable to work in a respirator with solvent protection, and smoking and use open fire must be excluded. Harmful volatile substances are released by this glue for quite a long time - up to 45 days. During this time, it is advisable to exclude people, especially children, from staying indoors.
The curing time of solvent-based adhesives is relatively long - about 5 days. During this period, it is possible to correct the position of the boards.
Polyurethane glue
This parquet adhesive should be applied to a screed, which can be concrete, cement or anhydrite. The composition is characterized by extremely high tenacity, which is why it is usually used when constructing floors subject to significant loads.
Also, polyurethane-based adhesive is indispensable when installing heated floors (warm floor systems). Hardening time is about 24 hours.
Silane based adhesive
This composition appeared quite recently and today represents the most advanced development. This, in fact, is the answer to the question of which adhesive is best for parquet, and here’s why:
- silane adhesive does not contain solvent or any other evaporating harmful substances, therefore it is absolutely safe (the composition hardens as a result of interaction with moisture in the air);
- due to the absence of water in the composition, it can be used when working with any wood;
- demonstrates the highest adhesion, and on any basis, including screed;
- after hardening it retains sufficient ductility;
- can be used in rooms with high humidity and in “warm floor” systems (tolerates temperature fluctuations well);
- can be easily removed from any surface without leaving a stain;
- dries very quickly;
- has sound-absorbing ability.
Silane glue has only one drawback. It is easy to guess that we are talking about high cost.
The zaWood company sells Russian silane-based parquet adhesive. For its production, only European binders are used, so the quality of the glue remains at high level, at a very low price for this segment.
Two-component adhesives
Compositions of this type are also characterized by some diversity. Here's what they are like:
Polyurethane
This glue is very expensive, but it has a number of advantages:
- retains high ductility after hardening;
- is environmentally friendly;
- Suitable for any type of wood.
Epoxy-polyurethane
A more affordable composition, but less plastic. Another drawback is the presence of harmful fumes with a pungent odor, which is due to the presence of epoxy resin in the composition.
About the manufacturers
The buyer does not have the opportunity to check the quality of the glue, especially in the long term. In such a situation, the best evidence of reliability is the name of the manufacturing company, so it is highly advisable to know several brands that enjoy high consumer confidence.
Bostik parquet adhesives are very well known and popular. This brand produces a whole range of compounds designed for various tasks. Polyvinyl acetate mixture, alcohol, polyurethane and other substances are used as a base. At the same time, all products are of high quality and, if possible, environmentally friendly, and the manufacturer sets prices that are not exorbitant.
The most popular varieties are:
- Bostik Tarbicol KPA: one-component alcohol-based composition. It is quite durable, which makes it suitable for installing solid boards, and tolerates temperature changes well, so it can be used for gluing parquet onto a heated base.
- Bostik Tarbicol PU 1 K: one-component composition based on polyurethane. Demonstrates high strength and is frost-resistant. There are no solvents in the composition, so this glue does not emit harmful fumes and does not have a sharp unpleasant odor.
- Bostik Parcol PU 56: two-component polyurethane-based adhesive. It has increased adhesion and provides the connection with ultra-high strength, so it can be used for gluing parquet to bases made of any metal alloy, concrete or cement.
- Bostik Elastic: glue on polymer based, also environmentally friendly. Designed to work with material up to 23 mm thick and any base. Thanks to its waterproofness, it can simultaneously perform the function of waterproofing.
Another worthy manufacturer of parquet adhesive is the Bona Bond company. Its chemists managed to develop a water-dispersion composition in which the water content is greatly reduced.
Polyurethane adhesive for Bona parquet, which is available in both one-component and two-component versions, is also in good demand.
How is parquet glued?
A truly high-quality installation of parquet can only be done on a completely dry screed. Therefore, if it was completed recently, it is necessary to postpone the continuation of work for a month - usually this time is enough for complete drying.
First, steam and waterproofing are laid on top of the screed. As the latter, you can use plywood, which is glued using the same parquet glue. For reliability, it is additionally screwed on with screws. Before this operation, the screed will need to be primed. Another option is to use it as waterproofing bitumen mastic. In this case, there is no need to prime the screed.
The method of laying parquet on a concrete screed has its own characteristics and differs significantly from laying it on plywood or OSB. The technology of work production consists of several stages, high-quality execution each of them is very important.
Important. Remember that the slightest violation building codes and ruled in best case scenario will cause unpleasant squeaks while walking, and in the worst case, complete peeling of the coating will occur. Troubleshooting is a complex process that requires a lot of time and money. It is much more profitable to strictly follow the manufacturers’ recommendations and not skimp on materials than to later eliminate the consequences of poor-quality installation.
Regardless of installation method piece parquet for all adhesive compositions there are General requirements.
- Minimal shrinkage. The composition in a liquid state should not sharply reduce its thickness after drying. This parameter depends on several factors: chemical composition, performance indicators of the base and correct preparation of the solution.
- Elasticity. During use, the parquet changes its linear dimensions. There are two reasons for this phenomenon. The first is thermal expansion. During heating/cooling of the lamellas, they increase/decrease the parameters, and if the floors are heated (which is not recommended for piece parquet), then the difference in length can be significant. Secondly, wood is hygroscopic, as a result of which the relative humidity can fluctuate within significant limits. Fluctuations in humidity simultaneously change the size of the lamellas. Due to its elasticity, the adhesive must compensate for all changes, otherwise, after a short time, the adhesion of materials will sharply deteriorate. The result is squeaks when walking or peeling of some areas of the flooring.
- Long service life. Floors made from pieced natural parquet are one of the most expensive coatings. They are used only in prestigious premises; the cost is not affordable for all of our compatriots. In addition, the cost of installing parquet floors is much higher than other types of flooring.
Peeling of lamellas – a big problem, elimination requires complete dismantling and re-installation of the flooring. It is impossible to dismantle a parquet floor without mechanical damage a certain number of lamellas. It is impossible to buy new ones with exactly the same characteristics; each batch of goods and each manufacturer has its own characteristics color shades and texture. And if several years have passed between the first installation and repair, then it is even theoretically impossible to find identical materials. There is only one way out - buy new parquet over the entire area. Repairs will cost several times more than the first installation of parquet.
- Minimum amount of water. Natural parquet, like all lumber, is very hygroscopic. Prolonged direct contact with water can cause warping; such a floor will have to be completely redone.
- Environmental safety, no unpleasant odors. Important points. Unfortunately, there are no high-quality natural-based adhesives. How better performance material - the more different chemical compounds it contains. There is only one consolation - the amount of harmful secretions is strictly controlled government organizations. And the parquet flooring is so dense that it almost does not let air into the living space.
Knowing the general requirements, you can take a more balanced approach to choosing a specific brand of glue, taking into account maximum quantity existing features. But not only does the strength of parquet on a concrete screed depend on it; we will talk about other factors a little below. Optimal choice glue is important, but not the only condition for the durability of a parquet floor. What adhesives can be found on sale today?
Overview of adhesives
Professionals distinguish several groups of compositions, each of them has its own performance characteristics.
Dispersive
The safest glue, does not contain aggressive chemical compounds, odorless. Due to the large amount of water, it is recommended for laying parquet from moisture-resistant wood species (larch, oak). It is not recommended for use on parquet made of beech, maple, ash and other types of wood that are not resistant to high humidity. Another disadvantage of water-based glue is that it is relatively a long period drying. In terms of adhesion indicators it is inferior to more modern compositions.
Synthetic
Synthetic resins or rubber are used as adhesives. Recommended for laying floor coverings made of natural wood, hardening time ≈15 minutes. Artificial resins do not have high adhesion rates; due to such features, increased demands are placed on the primer and screed.
Two-component
The most expensive and most durable compositions, universally applicable, can be used for any base. Before use, it is necessary to mix two components: hardener and adhesive. In liquid form they release harmful chemical compounds, you need to work in personal respiratory protection equipment. Epoxy two-component adhesive, after hardening, turns into a hard, inelastic material, which somewhat narrows its scope of use.
Polymeric
In terms of cost and efficiency, it occupies an average position. The adhesive hardens under the influence of moisture in the air. It is made on the basis of MS polymers (silanes) and has a sound insulation effect. Disadvantages – sharp bad smell and a long curing period.
One-component polyurethane
After hardening, elasticity is retained and can be used for both parquet and plywood. Does not allow capillary moisture to pass through and prevents swelling of the lamellas. It is characterized by high adhesion to most building materials, dries quickly, and can be used with any type of wood, regardless of its reaction to high humidity.
When determining the optimal adhesive, you need to take into account not only the characteristics of the base and parquet, but also the expected load on the floors.
For all cases there is one important condition– before using glue, the concrete base must be primed. The quality of the primer has a great influence on the strength of the parquet. For each adhesive composition you need to select certain type primers. This nuance must be taken into account when choosing an adhesive; to make the decision easier, you should familiarize yourself with existing primers.
Primers for glue
Primers correct the process of glue absorption by the base, bind dust, and somewhat strengthen the surface. Without them, you cannot hope for a strong connection between the parquet and the base. Universal advice - buy the primer at the same time as the glue; their compositions should be as identical as possible. Polyurethane adhesives require polyurethane primers, dispersive dispersive, etc.
In addition to these important functions, primers on a concrete base protect the coating from rising capillary moisture. High humidity negatively affects the adhesion performance of all adhesives. Primers can only be applied to concrete bases after checking their moisture content. For readings ≤ 5%, only epoxy primers should be used; for humidity ≤ 1.5%, polyurethane primers are allowed. If the humidity concrete screed> 5%, then the room must be dried before priming.
Types of adhesive for parquet on concrete screed
We will list the most common brands of parquet adhesive, these compositions have positive reviews professionals.
| Name | Specifications |
|---|---|
| Two-component adhesive, produced in Germany, requires 1000–1200 g per square meter of floor. Does not cause swelling of the lamellas, suitable for use on various substrates. Universal use, meets modern quality requirements. Work without personal protective equipment is allowed. |
| Produced in Italy, it has a two-component composition, consumption 1000–1300 g/m2. Characterized by high adhesion rates with all building materials, moisture no more than 30%. When hardened, it remains elastic; after preparation, it must be used within 30 minutes. It is allowed to walk on the surface of the parquet floor after 48 hours, the time before sanding is at least 15 days. Do not use in rooms with high humidity levels. |
| Consumption 120–200 g/m2, water resistance class D3, one-component, completely ready for use. Designed for restoration work on parquet floors, can be used for gluing individual elements artistic parquet, modules, tongue-and-groove connections. Made in Italy, vinyl base, final hardening after 24 hours. |
| The adhesive does not contain solvents, has high adhesion to concrete and cement-sand screeds. After hardening, it is not afraid of prolonged direct contact with water. Used for re-gluing peeled parquet, can be used for coatings with heating systems. When hardened, it expands slightly and is made on a polyurethane base. |
| On organic solvents, film formation begins 10 minutes after application to the surface. Made in Italy, can be used for gluing large-format lamellas. Full strength is achieved after 48 hours, recommended consumption is 1000–1300 g/m2. After hardening, elasticity is maintained. It is recommended to work at temperatures ≥ +20°C, room humidity at least 40%. |
| Has an increased operating time (2.5 hours), does not leave stains on the front surface of the parquet. It hardens with the help of moisture in the air, does not shrink, and is optimally suited for parquet made from valuable wood species. The adhesive is two-component, the floor surface can be walked on after 18 hours. Can be used on heated floors. |
| Produced in Italy, does not contain solvents, there are no compounds harmful to health. Consumption per square meter 800–1000 g, made on the basis of hydrogen silica. After applying the glue to the base, the lamellas must be laid no later than after 40–50 minutes, hardens after 6 hours, and the parquet can be sanded after 36 hours. Has high adhesion rates with all types of wood. During work, you must use respiratory protection. |
It should be borne in mind that parquet adhesives are cement screed are significantly more expensive than other floor coverings. This is explained high requirements in terms of reliability and durability.
Wood is a living material that changes its characteristics taking into account humidity and temperature; depending on fluctuations in these parameters, not only its dimensions, but also other physical characteristics. Modern solutions take this feature into account and guarantee high and stable adhesion rates under any operating conditions.
How to use parquet glue
We have already mentioned that not a single, even the most high-quality and expensive, parquet adhesive will provide the necessary degree of adhesion of the flooring to the concrete base if the rules of use are grossly violated. How to lay parquet to ensure the long life of the parquet floor?
Step 1. Calculate the size of the room, buy a suitable glue taking into account the consumption rate per unit area.
Practical advice. The standards indicated by the manufacturer on the packaging do not correspond to practical consumption. The fact is that they are designed for a perfectly flat surface and the same thickness of material applied. In practice, such conditions do not exist; always buy glue with a small margin. This is much more profitable than interrupting the parquet laying process due to a lack of material.
Step 2. Check the condition of the concrete screed.
Small cracks do not need to be sealed, and differences in height of more than two millimeters per linear meter will have to be eliminated. The easiest way to make a self-leveling floor is that it has high strength and allows you to get a flat surface. If this cannot be done for some reason, then the concrete base can be leveled using a cement-sand screed.
Important. The strength of the parquet flooring is directly related to the strength of the base. If the screed crumbles, then no glue will help. When preparing the solution, increase the amount of cement by about 15–20% of the usual rate.
If possible, it is recommended that before laying the parquet, sand the surface of the base with special grinding machines. They will not only level the floor, but also remove milk from the concrete, thereby significantly increasing the strength of the coating surface. This is very important for high-quality laying of block parquet.
Step 3. Clean the room thoroughly with a vacuum cleaner. On the surface of the concrete there should not be not only large construction waste, but also sand and dust. The cleaner the base, the stronger the parquet will stick.
Step 4. Check the moisture content of the concrete base. This can be done using a special device; take measurements in several places, always in the corners of the room, here the humidity always has increased values.
If there is no device, then do it by eye: after pouring the mixture, it should harden for at least 14 days, the room should be constantly ventilated for the last 2-3 days. Depending on the brand of glue, work can begin at values relative humidity on the surface of the base is less than 5%; some compositions can be used at lower humidity.
Step 5. Make a preliminary layout of the parquet; if desired, you can draw control lines on the base, with their help it is easier to check the correctness of installation.
Practical advice. If you plan to lay parquet in a herringbone pattern, then prepare all the sections at once. The glue, depending on the brand, cannot be aired for more than 30 minutes, and for some compositions the time is reduced to 10 minutes. You won't have time to trim the slats.
Step 6. Prime the base. The type of primer depends on the type of glue; be sure to take these requirements into account when purchasing materials.
The primer should be evenly distributed over the entire area; use a roller. IN hard to reach places You can work with brushes.
Make sure there are no gaps. All professionals strongly recommend covering the base with at least two layers of primer, this is especially important if the solution is quickly absorbed. During application of the second layer, the roller movements should be perpendicular to the first, this will eliminate allowances. Give the primer time to dry completely.
Step 7 Prepare the parquet glue according to the instructions supplied by the manufacturer. A single portion of glue should correspond to labor productivity. Please note that adhesives should not be thinned once the curing process has begun. All proportions must be carefully observed. The glue should be stirred electric drill with a whisk, cartridge speed is average.
Too high speeds cause air bubbles to appear in the glue, which has a Negative influence on the adhesion parameters of materials. If you are preparing a two-component glue, then you need to stir it with special care; the hardener should be evenly distributed throughout the entire volume.
Step 8 Using a comb spatula, apply glue to the floor area; the size of the area depends on your professionalism.
One by one, remove the slats from the packaging and place them on the glue. At the same time, do not forget to leave a gap between the flooring and the walls, the width of the gap is 1–1.5 cm. Press the slats with your hands, make sure that they lie strictly horizontally. You should check the correct installation using a level or rule if you have enough experience similar works, then control can be done visually. But we do not advise beginners to do this; the risks of mistakes are high.
Practical advice. Professional builders in a simple way increase the adhesion strength of parquet and completely eliminate the risk of squeaks while walking.
It's done like this. Three or four lamellas are folded into an even stack and, on the side of the spikes, are leaned against the floor with glue applied. Due to this, a little glue remains on the spikes; they fit into the grooves and significantly increase the stability of the coating. Such actions do not take much time, and the positive effect is noticeable. There is no need to be afraid that glue will appear on the surface of the parquet; a small amount of it will always be hidden in the grooves.
To make work easier, you can make a simple device to control the area of glue application. Take a piece of rope; its length should be equal to the width of 3-4 rows of parquet. Tie a pencil or marker to one end, and any smooth object to the other. Place the object against the edge of the laid parquet, pull the rope and slowly move it along the slats. A line should be drawn on the base; it will indicate how wide the glue should be applied.
Laying parquet is done in an awkward position; wear soft knee pads, this will make the work easier. It is advisable to press the laid lamellas with some kind of weight until they dry completely. You can use packs of unused parquet.
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Video - How to quickly lay parquet