Using traditional stove heating, can be heated quite effectively small rooms without internal partitions adjacent to the wall in which it is mounted. The disadvantage of such a system is that the circulation warm air limited by walls.
The intensity of heating of the rooms depends on the distance from the stove. It is not possible to use this option for heating a residential building or cottage with several floors.
To increase productivity, some owners decide to install a water circuit in an existing or still under construction stove or fireplace. How to make water heating from a stove? What advantages and disadvantages does such a solution have?
Installation of water heating from a furnace
There are two main ways to do water heating using a furnace. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages.- Fold the stove with a water circuit. The finished furnace has a high efficiency of 85-90%. Almost all the heat received is used for its intended purpose to heat the coolant. The percentage of unused remaining thermal energy is insignificant.
The disadvantage of such a system is the need for constant monitoring of fuel combustion and fluid circulation in the heating system. Overheating of the coolant in this case can lead to an explosion of the circuit. To reduce the likelihood of the liquid boiling, it is recommended to make water heating from the stove using a pipe with a cross-section of at least 5 cm. - Install a water circuit into an already built oven. This option does not require large material costs for re-equipment. The disadvantage of this solution is the size limitations associated with the volume of the combustion chamber. During installation, it is mandatory to follow the recommendations regarding the diameter of the pipe used.
Each of the above options for water heating from a stove has its own disadvantages and positive sides. The disadvantages of such a heating system can be reduced by installing additional circulation equipment.
What to consider when installing a water circuit
The only significant drawback to using a stove for water heating is the risk of overheating the circuit. Therefore, when installing it, the following recommendations must be taken into account:- Oven circuit. It is best to either purchase a ready-made register or order it from a furnace equipment maintenance workshop. A master who specializes in this will be able to take the correct measurements and make the most suitable water circuit.
- Pipe thickness. For the heat exchanger, it is best to use thick-walled pipes from 3-5 mm. This thickness is optimal to prevent overheating of the system and at the same time contribute to the rapid heating of the coolant.
- The gap between the wall and the register. This factor also ensures that the water circuit does not overheat and there is enough air for its operation. It will be enough to leave a gap of 1 cm thick. The same principle must be taken into account if it is necessary to build a heat exchanger into the furnace.
A heat exchanger installed in the combustion chamber reduces its useful volume, which is not critical if furnace equipment is being built from scratch. When converting a wood-burning stove for water heating, it is necessary to take this coefficient into account, since it significantly affects the total volume of fuel that can fit from one stack.
To make a register, it is best to use high-quality rolled metal. Usage heat-resistant pipes prevents them from burning out. In the future, eliminating such a malfunction will lead to dismantling work, which is associated with significant costs.
Additional equipment for stove heating
The disadvantages of installing a heat exchanger into the furnace is the likelihood of the liquid boiling in the water circuit during the heating of the room. To avoid this, it is recommended to install circulation equipment that promotes uniform heat distribution throughout the building. In addition to this, you will also need to install:- UPS. This device helps provide the circulation pump with a sufficient amount of electricity. This may be necessary in the event of a general power outage.
- Bypass. The device allows the use of natural or forced circulation depending on the availability of electricity. The latest models of such equipment allow you to automatically switch modes. This block is especially necessary if water heating is installed in a brick oven.
A correctly manufactured and installed circuit reduces the risk of overheating; in other matters, a stove with a water circuit or register is more effective method heating residential premises than a solid fuel boiler.
Many of us, when we hear the phrase “stove heating of a private house,” remember the village, grandma’s pies, log houses, your own household and carefree holidays. However, with age, such heating becomes relevant and modern issue. In many regions of Russia, heating a house on your own is much more profitable and easier than connecting to a gas pipeline. Let's figure out why.
There is a huge amount different types solid fuel stoves for heating in wooden house: brick, cast iron, gas, with a water circuit and others. Let's look at the most basic types, consider their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the basic principles of operation and selection of such furnaces.
Stove in the house: types, pros, cons
At home or at work - this means low performance, frequent and other inconveniences. Getting rid of the cold is a top priority, especially in the winter season. But before installing a stove in your house to heat rooms, you need to take into account a number of parameters, based on which you should make a choice. First you need to understand how many rooms will be heated, because the type of stove being installed depends on this.
Wood-burning stove for heating a house
If you need to heat two or three rooms, then a brick stove will be the most optimal choice. It should be taken into account that the house itself must be well insulated with internal and external finishing.
Type of fuel For such a stove either coal or wood is used. The design of the stove must satisfy not only the need to maintain heat in the rooms, but also the need for cooking - the stove must have a hob.
Second question - place. To be more efficient, wood-burning stoves should be placed in a location where they can easily heat all three rooms, for example, if the stove stands with one wall in one room and the entire structure in the other two. That is, the optimal choice of location can only be considered one in which the stove is in contact with a large number of rooms in the house.
Further - dimensions. The size of the stove and its massiveness will determine the degree of heat transfer and how quickly the stove will cool or heat the room. If the structure is massive enough, then by heating the stove in the evening, you will receive heat into the rooms until the morning, and this one of the advantages is fuel economy. But it also follows from this minus: A good brick oven takes up a lot of space in the house.
The correct design of the stove will create the necessary draft in order to prevent carbon monoxide from entering the premises, so you should take a responsible approach to choosing it. It is better to build such a stove from high-quality fired red brick: it is practical and easy to lay. Fire-resistant bricks should be used for the hottest surfaces.
Installation It is advisable to deal with such a stove during the construction of a house, separating its foundation from the general one.
The furnace foundation is separated from the main foundation to avoid possible destruction of the furnace caused by shrinkage of the walls of the furnace itself or the building.
You can also install it in an already constructed building, but in this case you will have to make cuts in the ceiling and roof to accommodate the chimney and raise the floor level under the stove.
The disadvantages of such a stove include:
- long heating - a decent amount of time is spent heating the stove, but this minus is compensated by the fact that the stove also takes a long time to cool down;
- wood heating of a private house has a low efficiency - about 25%, since the main heat comes out through the chimney;
- a wood-burning stove in a private house heats itself, that is, its walls, and the air is heated from the walls;
- constant presence is required to monitor the temperature level in the firebox and add firewood, as well as for fire prevention purposes.
If a solid fuel stove is quite bulky, and there is not enough heat from it for a given heating area, then it is better to purchase.
A wood-burning boiler, with smaller dimensions compared to a stove, can heat all rooms, since the principle of operation is very simple. Burnt wood gives off heat to the built-in heat exchanger; pipes are connected to the latter, through which heated water flows throughout the house to heating sources: radiators, radiators and others. In addition, both the boiler and the chimney release heat into the room.
But there are also disadvantages:
- heavy weight;
- lack of automatic temperature control and maintenance modes;
- fire safety - constant presence of a person is necessary, there is no possibility of being away for a long time;
- The boiler requires a separate room.
By the way, many people wonder: what is the difference between a fireplace and a stove? The simplest answer: the fireplace is not suitable for heating large area, even within the same room. It has an open hearth and a chimney built on top. The latter is made with a large cross-section to provide high draft to prevent smoke from entering the room. As a conclusion: the whole house cannot be heated with a fireplace, unlike a stove.
If it is necessary to heat houses with more than three rooms, they are more often used brick oven with water heating. The principle of operation of such a stove is to heat water in a circuit built into the stove itself, from where it flows through pipes to radiators in other rooms and, when cooled, returns to the stove for heating.
For wiring, polypropylene or metal-plastic pipes are most often used.
The circuits themselves have different structures, but the same main task - heating the internal fluid. To accelerate the movement of the heat exchange element - water - a water pump is included in such a circuit.
When heated, the water pressure increases and, to prevent the heating system from breaking down, it is built into the circuit.
Its purpose is to control surges in water pressure in the pipes: as the temperature rises, excess water enters the tank and pulls back the membrane built into it; when it cools, the water goes back into the system, returning the membrane to its place.
Selecting a heat exchanger is an important part of installing such a furnace. If the wall thickness of metal pipes is less than 5 mm, this risks dismantling the structure after a few years due to its failure.
In this case, the equipment heats not only itself, but also the water flowing through pipes into the rooms for uniform heating, which increases efficiency.
Great solution For small houses, including country houses, a cast iron stove will become, because, despite its small size, this type of heating is acceptable for rooms of 80-90 cubic meters. As a rule, such ovens already have a built-in hob, which is beneficial for housewives. The modern, elegant design of such heating equipment will add a special flavor to your interior. For this reason, such stoves can often be found in mansions and expensive homes.
Again, the most convenient solution for heating a home is heating cast iron stove long burning , which, thanks to its design, is capable of giving off heat for a long time with a single stack of firewood. This effect is achieved due to internal structure furnace, which allows you to transfer active combustion to a slow smoldering mode, which is very has an economical effect on fuel consumption.
Compared to brick stoves, cast iron stoves are small in size and take up much less space.
The most powerful stove in terms of heating capacity, it provides heat even to two- and three-story houses. The operating principle is the same as that of brick kilns with a water circuit. The difference is that in this case the stove is cast iron and may have two water heating lines and electric heating.
Two heating lines mean that in addition to heating, the owner of such a stove will also receive water heating.
The latter function is very useful, since when the temperature of smoldering wood drops, electric heating turns on - a kind of protection against heat leaving the rooms.
The design of such stoves consists of a body, a burner, a firebox and a heating panel. Such stoves operate on liquefied and natural gas, are small in size, and can be connected to a gas main or operate independently from cylinders. It is better to heat small rooms with such stoves, up to about 50 cubic meters, since larger rooms are heated worse by such stoves.
The principle of operation of such stoves is similar to the principle of operation of brick stoves: the walls of the firebox heat up during fuel combustion, thereby transmitting the temperature to the rooms. The air necessary for the reaction is supplied through the ashpit, and the processed products are discharged through a chimney adjacent to the firebox.
Because gas ovens differ in structure and function from wood stoves, let's consider their advantages and disadvantages separately.
The disadvantages of such stoves include:
- high cost - purchasing new equipment and installing it will cost owners a pretty penny;
- heavy installation and connection - you definitely can’t do it without a specialist. But even a professional must check everything with great care, since the slightest mistake can easily endanger the lives of the home owners.
But that’s where the cons end, and now the pros:
- environmental friendliness - unlike solid fuel stoves, gas stoves are less toxic;
- Efficiency - in severe frosts such stoves will not let you down;
- ease of operation - just connect the stove to gas and that’s it;
- service life - 10-12 years of trouble-free operation are promised by the manufacturing companies. In reality, this period is much higher.
Let's summarize the pros and cons of furnace equipment.
The advantages include:
- even when water and electricity are turned off, your home will always be warm, since the heat source will be an autonomous stove;
- price criterion - the cost of stoves and their operation is quite affordable for many residents of different regions of our country;
- economical fuel;
The price for 4-6 cubic meters of firewood is about 6-7 thousand rubles, and this volume is enough for six months in an average house.
- ease of operation and maintenance - you do not need to call specialists to properly configure the operation of the furnace;
- geography of operation - there is no need for additional communications for the stoves, so it can be installed in any house in any region.
Now let's talk about the cons:
- long heating - the oven wastes a large number of time to heat its own walls and coolant;
- low efficiency of many affordable brick stove designs due to the removal of the main heat through the chimney;
- the large occupied volume of brick stoves: only if it is massive, such a stove heats several rooms;
- constant supervision of the operation of the stove and lining of firewood, as a rule, in brick kilns;
- not environmentally friendly - one brick oven emits particulate matter into the atmosphere like five old diesel engines.
In any case, the choice of stove depends on many factors, and if you big house, then a brick oven may be the optimal solution.
Warmth in the house is one of the most important factors coziness and comfort. Nowadays, there are many ways to heat a home, and every year this list is updated with new technologies and developments. However, old and proven methods do not fade into the background. Stove heating with a water circuit is one of the old and proven ways to create warmth and comfort in your home. It combines the advantages of two methods at once: stove and water heating, which significantly increases efficiency. In this article you will find necessary diagrams and instructions for building such a stove yourself.
Heating Features
Conventional stove heating is characterized by uneven distribution of heat - there is always intense heat near the stove itself, and the further away from the stove, the cooler it is. The water circuit makes it possible to evenly distribute the heat generated by the stove throughout the entire area of the house. Thus, with the help of one stove, several rooms of the house are heated at once. Such a stove operates on the principle of a solid fuel boiler, but in addition to heating the coolant and water circuit, the stove also heats the walls and smoke channels, which play a significant role in heating.
The main structural element is a heat exchanger, most often called a coil. It is installed directly into the firebox, and the entire water heating system is connected to it.
Advantages of stove heating
Disadvantages of stove heating with a water circuit
Advice. If heating with a water circuit is installed in country house, in which no one lives regularly, especially in winter, then in order to avoid freezing of the water in the circuit, it is better to use an antifreeze liquid.
Principle of operation
The principle of operation of heating with a water circuit is quite simple. The water is directed to a heat exchanger located in the firebox of the furnace, where it is heated by the combustion of fuel. Further hot water is distributed over the radiator batteries, where it gives off its heat and, when cooled, returns back to the coil.
Installation and installation of equipment
Is it possible to make stove heating with a water circuit with your own hands? Perhaps if you already have experience in arranging stoves or laying bricks. First of all, you need to prepare the most important element designs - heat exchanger. It can be bought in specialized stores, and can also be made from pipes or sheet iron. Independent construction stove gives you the opportunity to show your imagination and build your own version of the stove, which will take into account all the needs and features of your home.
Attention. Stove heating is potentially dangerous, so design and installation must be entrusted to specialists if you do not have sufficient skills.
Creating such a heating system is possible in two ways:
- installation of a heat exchanger and subsequent laying of the furnace;
- installation of a coil in an operating furnace.
The second method is considered more labor-intensive, since to implement it it is necessary to disassemble the firebox, and installing a coil in it will significantly reduce its size.
Installation requirements
The thickness of the water layer in the heat exchanger should exceed 4 cm, since with a smaller thickness the water will boil.
The walls of the coil must be at least 5 mm, and if coal is used, even thicker. Failure to comply with the thickness can lead to burning of the walls.
Under no circumstances should the heat exchanger be mounted close to the firebox wall. Leave at least 2 cm. This space is necessary for thermal expansion of the coil.
Special attention it is necessary to pay attention to the fire safety of the system. Between the oven and wooden partitions must certainly remain air gaps, since overheating of wooden structures is the first cause of fires. It is best to line it with brick or other fire-resistant materials.
Furnace heat exchangers
The diagram shows one of the coil options. This type of exchanger is good to place in heating and cooking stoves, because its structure easily allows you to place a stove on top.
In order to reduce the labor intensity of the manufacturing process, you can make a few changes to this design and replace the upper and lower U-shaped pipes with profile pipe. In addition, vertical pipes are also replaced with rectangular profiles if necessary.
If the coil similar design installed in ovens where there will be no hob, then to increase the efficiency of the exchanger it is advisable to add several horizontal pipes. Water treatment and removal can be done with various sides, it depends on the design of the furnace and the design of the water circuit.
Sheet steel coils
The steel thickness for this type of exchanger must be at least 5 mm. The design also uses a 60 x 40 mm profile and 50 mm pipes, which serve for water inlet and outlet. The size of the exchanger depends directly on the length of the firebox of your stove.
If a steel exchanger is planned to be built into a heating and cooking stove, then it would be more expedient to build the structure in such a way that the hot gas flows around the top shelf of the exchanger and exits into the smoke circuit located in the front part of the coil. In this case, you can install a hob above the coil.
In addition, there is an option to make a heat exchanger from sheet steel in the form of a book, connecting the walls of the exchanger with pipes or a profile. In this case, the register does not have a top shelf, and for better circulation, connecting pipes can be added at the top of the register. Deposits and withdrawals can be made both on the back of the exchanger and on the side wall.
In this case hob can be placed directly above the surface of the register.
How to install a water circuit
Installation occurs in the same way as installation with any other heating system. The only point that needs to be taken into account is that the “return” for stove heating is located higher.
There are three types of coolant circulation:
Furnace installation
The installation of the stove is usually entrusted to a specialist, because without experience it is unlikely that it will be possible to put together a competent structure on your own.
The size of the stove depends on the area of the house - than bigger house, the larger the oven should be. If the weight of the stove exceeds 750 kg, then a special foundation must be prepared in the place where it will be laid. The pedestal of the stove must be separated from the main foundation by a gap filled with sand. It is also important to properly insulate the floor in this part.
Stove heating with a water circuit is one of the most practical and cheap solutions for heating a private home. For all its effectiveness, installation of such a system does not require large material costs, in addition, this type heating can add zest to the design of your home.
Construction of a brick kiln with a water circuit: video
Oven with a water circuit: photo
To support comfortable temperature indoors, they used stove heating for centuries. But even in this traditional method heat supply, new modern technologies appear. Most often, stoves are used in places where the possibility of connecting to a gas pipeline is excluded. Although, even if gas is available, this type of heating can be used as a backup or additional option.
How to properly make stove heating so that it functions with maximum heat transfer?
An ordinary brick oven requires a firebox, an ash pan, and a smoke exhaust system. It is thanks to the last element that the room is heated, since gases pass through complex channels and give off their heat to the brick.
However, if the area of your home is too large, then this heating system will not be very effective. Therefore, today heat exchangers are often installed inside the furnace, which heat water, air or generate steam. Thanks to this system, efficiency increases significantly heating structure, which helps to increase the heating area in the building with the same amount of fuel used.
Types of heat supply using a brick kiln
After realizing the effectiveness of stove heating, you can work on the right choice way to heat a building. For this purpose they are used standard circuits heat supply from the stove with the difference that the boiler will be replaced by a traditional brick structure.
Important! Before choosing the type of heating supply, you need to decide on the area that you are going to heat. This is the main selection criterion.
The fact is that using this criterion you can easily calculate the maximum cooling rate of the coolant as it passes along the transport route. Taking this factor into account, we can confidently talk about choosing the type of room heating using a stove. Therefore, most often they use:
- water;
- air;
- steam heating.
And now in more detail.
Water heating method
The main element of such heating is the heat exchanger.
Its function is to transfer heat to the water in the system, which is formed as a result of the combustion of fuel: firewood, coal, briquettes, etc. Usually it is made by hand, since there is no uniform standard for combustion chambers. For this purpose, heat-resistant steel (thickness ≥ 2 mm) is used.
By design, such water furnaces are different. The main thing: maximum contact between the combustion zone of fuel materials and the heat exchanger. One of the most effective is the U-shaped heat exchanger.
Considering the specific heat capacity, others physical characteristics The most popular option is steel construction. Before welding, it is necessary to draw a drawing of the heat exchanger, taking into account the following conditions:
- the dimensions of the fuel chamber must be identical to the internal dimensions of the device;
- if there is a highway open type, then for its installation use pipes with a diameter of 40 mm, and if closed, then 32 mm;
- the heat exchanger must be installed during the construction of the furnace. If you want to use the old stove structure, you will still have to disassemble it to be able to access the combustion chamber.
Advice! To ensure uniform heat distribution across all radiators, as well as to eliminate possible overheating of the coolant, it is best to install a circulation pump.
To ensure that wiring the batteries does not cause much trouble, it is best to place the stove with a water circuit against the wall. Besides, mandatory element Such a heating system is an expansion tank.
If the heating circuit, tank, and other elements are welded to a high technical level, the circuit is always filled with water, and the circulation pump works flawlessly, then water system heating will not only be very effective, but also completely safe.
Air
If you make chimney channels in the stove with the maximum allowable area, then this option will provide high-quality heating rooms. It should immediately be noted that only a small room can be heated in this way.
An alternative is to install a heat exchanger, similar to a fireplace heating system. This requires a sealed structure in which the air will be heated through natural circulation, and the air itself will be supplied through special transportation channels.
Although, in practice, creating this type of heating is not entirely simple. This is due to the fact that a significant part of the top is intended for the chimney. And allow air to come into contact with carbon monoxide no way. Plus, efficient air heat supply is possible with a large volume chamber. In addition, the disadvantages of the design include:
- ban on using an old stove;
- the dimensions of the underwater channels, which must be at least 100 mm in diameter, which causes some difficulties in installing them in the furnace;
- the need to install fans on the ducts: so that such heating is highly efficient.
Therefore, this type of heating is practiced very rarely.
Possible air channel layouts
Steam
To create steam heating from a stove, you need to stock up on special equipment, since the water must be heated above 100⁰C.
Typically, for such purposes they use a factory steam boiler, the temperature in which is controlled by a whole group of devices.
Hot steam generated in the heat exchanger is fed into the pipeline air pump. Water flows automatically, depending on the drop in its pressure.
The main problem in bringing such a project to life is the presence of a very powerful combustion chamber. In addition, when creating a design for steam heating, it is necessary to ensure that all equipment is placed next to the heat exchanger, which is not so easy. Plus, it eliminates the possibility of using a mechanism that could be used to regulate the flow of coolant into the system.
Considering all the pros and cons, we can conclude that the optimal heating option using a stove is water heating, which remains the easiest to install, maintain, and the most efficient in terms of heat transfer.
Pros and cons of stove heating
Stove heating is different:
- reliability;
- financial accessibility;
- efficiency, which is expressed in the ability to purchase relatively cheaply hard species fuel;
- ease of operation and maintenance. That is, even if small problems arise, you can solve them yourself, without involving specialists.
In addition, you can install stove heating in a house located in any area, since such a heating device does not require special communications.
Although heating also has some negative aspects:
- long heating time for the stove, coolant, and, at the same time, the room;
- low efficiency of brick construction;
- the building occupies a large area;
- When the structure is functioning, it is necessary to keep an eye on it all the time, since fuel needs to be added to the firebox.
Advice! In order to increase efficiency, it is recommended that the channels be long, which will allow heat to linger longer inside the stove, and the chimney itself should be high.
Cast iron stove with a water circuit
There are also cast iron stoves, equipped with a water circuit. As a rule, such designs are factory-made and are produced in different capacities. They are designed for heating buildings with different areas. There are units that can heat a 2- and even 3-story building.
Today, combined structures made of cast iron are produced. This means that they are equipped electrically heated, which turns on automatically at the right moment when the temperature of coal, firewood or other fuel drops. Thanks to this combined function, the stove always maintains the heating system in the required temperature range.
The cast iron design can be double-circuit. This means that in addition to heat, the device provides water heating, which is very convenient.
Compliance with fire safety standards
Combustible structures must be reliably protected from stoves and chimneys. The presence of fire-resistant retreats and cuts helps in this.
The retreat provides a fire-resistant structure that can protect the combustible surface from hot stoves and chimneys.
That is, this is nothing more than a complex necessary measures, as well as a set of distances, maintaining which ensures the protection of flammable elements of the room.
Cutting is understood as a fire-prevention structure, due to which non-combustible spaces are formed that appear in cases of intersection of flammable elements of the room. For example, when a chimney passes through a ceiling or wall, it is necessary to insulate it in such a way as to protect the combustible part of the structure from possible ignition.
- use fireproof materials;
- adhere to the standards for the required distances from the stove to combustible structures of the house;
- reliably thermally insulate the stove surface from nearby walls, interfloor ceilings etc.;
- apply shielding. This means that it is necessary to use fireproof partitions and screens to protect parts of the house from intense infrared radiation;
Important! The screen will help if other protection methods are used in parallel in the form of ventilated gaps, distances, and heat dissipation.
- use the heat dissipation method. The essence of the method: it is necessary to install a vertical steel plate inside the cutting, which will help “take” part of the heat onto itself and, thus, reduce its internal temperature. There are cases when, after the end of the fire, ignition occurs, for example, wooden structure, since all the heat accumulated inside the alteration, and there was no steel plate;
- provide the structure with ventilated gaps, which will help reduce temperature indicators.
Today, stove heating is still relevant. If you can build a stove, then the house will be warm, regardless of the weather outside. You just have to stock up on fuel. That's all. Even those owners who use gas for heating do not part with brick or cast iron construction. After all, a stove, especially a wood-burning one, not only emits heat, but also creates special atmosphere and comfort in the whole house, which we sometimes miss so much.
Heating and uninterrupted supply hot water are the primary problems of any private home. There are various options for solving them, but the optimal result is obtained by connecting the heating system to the stove.
For this, either a ready-made metal stove, easily purchased on the market, or a traditional one, lined with special bricks, is used. An ordinary metal pipe or a container made of sheet metal, connected to common heating circuits.
When stoves with water circuits are used not only for heating, but also for hot water supply, this significantly increases their benefit to people. It is also convenient that heated stoves and chimneys maintain heat for a long time even after the heating process is completed.
In this entire procedure, it is important to have a firm understanding of how to make water heating from a stove, so as not to waste precious time and invest capital without obtaining guaranteed efficiency of future systems.
Furnaces with water circuits: varieties
In a private home, stove water heating can be manufactured in two versions:
- For an already installed furnace, a coil is made and installed into it. This method is used much less frequently, since it is quite labor-intensive. The difficulty lies in the need to manufacture a firebox to the finished overall dimensions.
- The heat source is laid out with my own hands by register size. If the stove is built accordingly, it will serve reliably and for a long time. Particular attention is paid to the internal size of the shirt, which should start from 4-5 cm. Otherwise, the water will boil. There is also a high probability of poor coolant circulation, and therefore a pump will be required.
The wall thickness must correspond to the intended fuel, that is, its calorific value. For firewood, three millimeters is enough, and for coal, at least five millimeters. The gap between the registers and the walls is allowed within 10-20 mm. This is necessary for leveling thermal expansion metal used and maintaining its integrity.
Water heating from a stove: ensuring an optimal temperature microclimate
Wooden houses in classic version with stove heating they heat up very unevenly. Heated air is constantly near the stove, and distant corners are cool. Using multiple ovens is quite expensive. It is better to combine heating - stove and water, as many of our compatriots do, who strive to achieve the warmth and comfort of their existence.
The solution is to equip a conventional brick oven with a heat exchanger shaped like a coil. It is installed in fuel rooms or at the base of chimneys. The heat from the stove warms up the water in it, which then goes to the radiators located in the rooms. Buildings are heated evenly.
The advantages of such systems include:
- Efficient and uniform heating - batteries are installed in different rooms and provide constant warmth.
Complete independence - such heating systems are not affected by gas or gas pipelines. The only dependence is on the owner, who determines when and how much to heat.
- There is no need to attract specialists to service heating systems. It is quite within the capabilities of consumers themselves.
The disadvantage of such heating using stoves is its rather high fire hazard, which requires compliance with building protection measures. This option cannot be considered mobile, since movement is excluded. Not used in two-story houses. It is necessary to resort to the construction of an additional furnace, which entails considerable costs.
Despite the need to start heating daily from a water-heated stove, significant fuel savings are felt. Another disadvantage is the need for constant monitoring of the functioning of the system.
Start of construction of water heating from the stove
Construction work is preceded by design work, which requires consultation with specialists. Stoves are usually located in the central areas of houses. Output of fireboxes - kitchens or non-residential premises. In this case, the buildings are located in residential premises. This location is a guarantee efficient heating several rooms at once.
The dimensions of the stoves depend on the size of the houses themselves. It is important to take into account that a meter of oven area equals heating of about 35 square meters. m. According to this norm, its value is calculated in each specific case. In some cases, although rarely, registers are purchased for finished stoves. More often, a register is purchased first, and then the dimensions of the oven are determined for it.
Registers can be made from pipes or sheet material minimum thickness 3-5 mm. Thin ones quickly burn out, and therefore the unit needs to be replaced prematurely. They are installed in fuel compartments with a mandatory gap between them and the walls so that there is room to compensate for thermal expansion and efficient heat transfer. Access is also necessary for cleaning the firebox, which is important for efficiency.
Conditions for optimal system performance
The system will be operational provided there is constant circulation of coolant in the pipes. This is ensured by the required slope, as well as the desired installation circulation pump, guaranteeing the necessary movement and preventing water from boiling.
Small in size, but with sufficient power, the pumps guarantee good circulation. They are necessary especially if the heating system is long. Installation of such a pump is carried out on the return line, that is, on the coolant return pipe.
You should not rely only on the pump and install pipelines without a slope, since interruptions in the supply of electricity may lead to boiling and failure of both the pump and the system itself. In such cases, it is better to resort to installing expansion tanks that compensate for the expansion of water.
Design work is completed by familiarizing specialists with the diagrams. They will help eliminate errors leading to unstable work water heating from the stove. This is also an opportunity to avoid security violations.
The correct procedure for installing stove heating with water circuits
The dimensions of furnaces and their location are usually reflected in the design stages. In this case, the location of interior partitions and furniture must be taken into account. Large ovens require reliable concrete base, able to bear weight. Between the base of the oven and flooring material a setback must be provided to reduce the likelihood of fires.
Masonry is done using high-quality mortar and bricks. If you have no experience, it is better to purchase the mixture from construction organizations. A waterproofing layer must be laid on the base. The bricks are soaked in water and only after that are used for laying out according to the pattern. Once the dimensions are known, the order can be easily found on the Internet.
A register-coil is installed into the structure being built, which is then used to connect the coolant input and output pipes. According to one of them, the hot coolant is sent through the expansion tank into the system, and according to the other, it returns back to the register. Water circulation occurs due to the presence of gravitational forces.
Seams should not exceed four millimeters. The presence of sharp corners in the firebox and smoke exhaust ducts is not allowed. Rounded corners will not reduce smooth smoke removal, and there will be less soot in the firebox.
Important rules for constructing furnaces
Regulatory requirements for the construction and operation of the furnaces in question are as follows:
- There must be a gap between the stove and the adjacent walls and metal sheet in front of the firebox, serving to protect the floor and wall structures.
- Ensuring maximum strength by reinforcing every four rows of masonry with metal pins.
- Usage clay mortar medium plasticity. A small ball rolled out of it when hitting the floor does not give large cracks and does not crumble.
- The chimney, at least five meters high, ends with a cap, that is, an element that protects the pipes from rain and debris getting inside. It enhances traction and decorates the building.
Folding the stove yourself is not so difficult, although it can be used finished design made of metal. However, you should not forget that a brick stove has a more aesthetic appearance, decorating interior interior dwellings
It is necessary to choose a suitable brick, the best option which is red ceramic, pre-fired. It has a uniform color. When tapped, a metallic sound is heard.
Burnt and unburnt material cannot be used, as it will not guarantee required quality and compliance safe operation. For fireboxes where the highest temperatures are observed, the best option would be to use refractory refractory bricks, which will eliminate problems during the operation of this equipment.
Water circuit installation
A water heating system works efficiently by installing a register, which is a heat exchanger or boiler. Its popular name is serpentine. This product is placed in the firebox.
The design of such a system includes combustion chambers, ash pans, hermetic doors, cleaning hatches, heating surfaces, injectors, dampers, grate bars and convective pipes.
At self-production The containers of the parts are connected only by welding. Couplings, fittings, etc. are used to connect pipes. This design guarantees savings on the boiler, since the materials for it are cheaper than what is needed to purchase a finished unit. The most the best option is the use of conventional metal pipe with holes for pipeline inlets and outlets.
The construction of a heat exchanger for a home requires a certain thickness of structural walls. If you plan to use a wood-burning stove, the walls may be thinner, while those operating on coal briquettes may be thicker. Ignoring this requirement leads to rapid burnout of boilers and their rapid replacement, ahead of the established operational dates. In practice, this means that you will have to actually reassemble the stove after such a replacement, investing additional funds.
conclusions
Considering the question of how to make water heating from a stove, we started talking about the use of various heating systems. At the same time, as practice shows, stove heating is the most popular in our country. The prevalence is explained by the use available types fuel.
The proposed modern gas or electric units operate on rather expensive sources. Water-heated stoves are more economical systems that can be easily equipped with your own hands, which also guarantees lower costs.
This heating is based on the combination of traditional stoves, known to us for centuries, and modern technologies. The result is the desired heat in residential buildings, to which man has always strived and strives.
A heater of this type means long service life without dependence on centralized sources. At proper care behind heating blocks and stoves, you don’t have to worry about the temperature microclimate for many decades.