Carrying out heating in a private house, or upgrading an existing system, owners are faced with the problem of choosing a boiler. A wide range of products gives rise to many questions and doubts. If it’s still somewhat clear with devices operating on water heating elements, then few people are familiar with the electrode heating principle.
Electrode type boilers belong to electrical type heating. Through the efforts of engineers, ineffective heating elements were replaced by blocks of electrodes that act as heating elements.
Areas of use
- Living spaces;
- underfloor heating for the system;
— to create a thermal curtain;
— in double-circuit systems, the use of hot water supply is permissible.
Operating principle of an electrode boiler
The principle of coolant distribution depends on the type of ion boiler system:
In closed ones, installation is provided circulation pump for forced movement of coolant and expansion tank for the initial heating stage;
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IN open systems the coolant moves naturally.
Heating of the coolant occurs due to the movement of ions between the electrodes. The process of randomly moving positive and negative particles is accompanied by the release of thermal energy, which is used to heat water or antifreeze fluid in the system.
The electrodes perform the function of producing an alternating electric field.
Advantages of an electrode boiler
High power (single-phase and three-phase from 2 kW to 50 kW);
Small dimensions;
Fast heating;
Does not have a chimney in the design;
High efficiency (95-97%);
Regulates the pressure in the system;
Safe operation;
Possibility of connecting automation;
Resistance to voltage fluctuations;
It is permissible to use several boilers in one room;
Ecological type of heating.
Disadvantages of the boiler
Only alternating current is used;
Scale formation on the electrodes;
Mandatory grounding work during installation;
Control of coolant temperature (over 75° there is excessive consumption of electricity).
Requirements for installation and operation of the boiler
For efficient and safe operation of the equipment, a specialist is hired to install and configure the boiler. The device installed in accordance with the requirements will serve long time without breakdowns. A competent master will familiarize you with the operating rules.
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The temperature range that ensures boiler operation ranges from 10 to 40 degrees.
Air humidity in the room should not exceed 75%.
The equipment installation site must have a separate room with sufficient space for basic maintenance. Automation and control devices are also located there.
The presence of grounding is an integral part of the installation.
When purchasing a boiler, you need to make sure that it is fully equipped.
The device is installed low in relation to the radiators to regulate pressure.
The connection point between the boiler and the system is completed by attaching it to the wall.
During operation, electrode equipment is subject to technical control and maintenance.
How to choose an electrode boiler
Correspondence between the boiler power and the area of the heated room;
Complete set of heating device;
Economical operation;
Manufacturer's reputation;
Possibility of connecting other devices;
Using cellular communications for remote control;
Connection features.
If the installation is foreseen in a two-story house, two boilers should be used for each group of radiators.
For efficient heating And rational consumption For electricity, it is recommended to equip the system with a circulation pump, battery thermostats and temperature sensors.
Electric ion (electrode) boilers are designed to work in autonomous heating systems. Fundamental difference devices from models with heating elements - a special type of heater, which is a block of electrodes. Innovative types of automation have made it possible to improve traditional heating devices and create modern electrode boilers on their basis. Reviews from experienced users and the opinions of independent experts will help us take a closer look at the technical characteristics, varieties and prices of the most famous models.
Operating principle of electrode boilers
Heating of the coolant in the heating system occurs due to the splitting of water molecules. The differently charged ions obtained as a result of this process actively move, rushing towards the positive and negative electrodes, releasing a large number of energy. As a result, it turns out that an electric electrode boiler increases the temperature of the liquid without the use of heating elements.
The heating process is accompanied by a decrease in the electrical resistance of the conductor. This can lead to a dangerous situation - electric arc breakdown. To prevent this undesirable phenomenon, a certain amount of table salt should be added to the coolant. The size of the proportions is always indicated in the boiler passport. The increase in power in the electrode units occurs simultaneously with heating of the coolant. The increase in current is directly proportional to the decrease in electrical resistance.
Features of use in everyday life
Ion boilers can be implemented in operating systems heating. But before doing this, it is necessary to take a number of preventive actions to prevent rapid wear of the device. A prerequisite must be flushing the system and filtering the coolant.
As practice shows, it is possible to connect electrode heating boilers in combination with other types of heating devices (solid fuel or gas devices). If necessary, several ion units can be connected in parallel to the system.
Advantages of electrode heating devices
The operation of an autonomous heat source allows you to control not only the microclimate and thermoregulation in the house, but also heat costs. At the same time, electrode boilers have a number of obvious advantages compared to heating elements and induction devices.
Efficiency
All water that enters the electric electrode boiler is heated almost instantly and in full. Due to the absence of uncontrolled inertia of heating the coolant, the design achieves a very high level of efficiency - up to 98%.
Durability
Constant contact of the electrodes with the coolant liquid does not lead to the formation of a layer of scale. And, accordingly, rapid failure of the heater. This occurs due to the fact that in the design of the device there is a constant change in polarity - alternate movement of ions in different directions at a speed of 50 times per second.
Compactness
The principle of electrode heating of liquid makes it possible to reduce the volume of the heat generator several times compared to heating elements of similar power. Small size and light weight of the equipment are very advantageous features that characterize electrode boilers. Reviews from experienced users confirm ease of use household appliances, ease of installation and the possibility of their location in any room.
Automation of control
The presence of a digital adjustment unit on the external panel of the devices allows you to intelligently regulate the intensity of the boiler operation. Operation in a given mode helps save up to 40% of electrical energy in the house.
Fire safety
In case of depressurization of the system or water leakage, there is no fear of electric shock. Without coolant, there will be no current movement, so the boiler simply stops working.
Silence
The absence of sound vibrations ensures quiet operation.
Ecological perfection
The operating principle of an electrode boiler implies the complete absence of combustion products or other types of waste. There is also no need for a reserve of fuel resources.
Negative aspects in the operation of ion heat generators
As most users emphasize in their reviews, for all its attractiveness electric boilers Electrode heating systems have certain disadvantages in design and operation:
- the need to use only prepared water with specified resistivity parameters creates difficulties in achieving compliance with standards;
- the impossibility of using alternative types of coolants - antifreeze, distilled water or oil;
- For normal operation the boiler needs to ensure constant circulation of the coolant in the system, otherwise when the speed of movement decreases, the water may boil, and if the flow increases, starting the boiler will be impossible;
- Stainless steel electrodes can work for a long time without failures, but gradually they still dissolve in water, so it is very important to monitor their condition and replace them in a timely manner.
In addition, the high cost of electrical energy can also be considered a significant drawback. However, if in your area of residence it is not possible to organize a gas or solid fuel heating circuit, then an electrode heating system can become the only reliable source of heat in the house.
What ensures the efficiency and reliability of ion heating devices?
In any case, electrode boilers for a private home are a profitable purchase. High efficiency in their work consists of a combination of several indicators:
- reduced heating inertia;
- uniform increase in temperature of the entire coolant volume;
- construction two-pipe system closed type;
- use of automation to control the temperature of the coolant and ambient air in the room;
- simple design using innovative materials;
- high efficiency of the boiler.
What other savings occur in the operation of electrical appliances?
Regular maintenance and technical work are services that electrode boilers practically do not need. User reviews also note the lower cost of ion units compared to other types of electric heating.
Electrode boilers "Galan" are worthy representatives of domestic heating engineering
Among the large number of ionic electrical units produced in Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus, devices assembled according to military equipment standards stand out. Practical implementation is based on conversion developments of industrial enterprises producing for naval vessels.
Structurally, the Galan brand electrode heating boiler for a home is a housing cylindrical made of rolled pipe with a diameter of 6 cm and a length of 31 cm. Inside there are concentric tubular electrodes through which current is supplied to the coolant. Well heated water using forced circulation intensively spreads through pipes and radiators. Once the optimal fluid flow rate has been reached, the pump can be turned off.
Advantages of ion devices:
Electrode boilers "Galan" are capable of independently adjusting to power consumption and turning off if the specified temperature parameters are exceeded. Automatic protection is also triggered in the event of a short circuit, overheating of the supply wires or a coolant leak.
For harsh climates Western Siberia the best choice individual heating- electrode boiler "Galan". The price of the device is significantly affordable - in comparison with other types of electrical analogues - and does not exceed 20 thousand rubles.
Several years ago, a special coolant was developed specifically for Galan boiler models - Potok antifreeze. The distinctive qualities of the innovative liquid are that it is enriched with additives that prevent the formation of scale on the walls of the heat generator. For ordinary water, a mixture has been developed for flushing the system, which successfully dissolves rust, scale and protects internal surfaces from possible corrosion.
The younger brother of the ion boiler
The Galan family of electrical units includes several types of heating devices. These include the electrode boiler "Ochag". It has the smallest dimensions compared to other models. The weight of the device is only five hundred grams. The coolant volume in the system is 70 liters. At the same time, the “baby” is capable of developing a power of up to 5 kW, which allows you to effectively heat a room with a volume of up to two hundred cubic meters.
The Geyser and Vulcan devices with operating power from 9 to 50 kW are known on the market. The basis for their development was also the Galan electrode boiler. The price of the units, depending on the power, is in the range of 3,500-14,000 rubles, which cannot but be attractive to potential buyers.
What is an EOU electrode boiler?
A flow-type installation differs from similar electrode devices in its increased level of reliability and durability. Excellent EOU performance is achieved thanks to the main material - thick-walled pipes. For the production of electrodes, more reliable material is also used, which allows creating a heat flow inside the boiler at an increased speed. The large diameter of the rods also improves the performance of the heating device.
Unlike other types of ion heat generators, the EOU electrode boiler has a wide range of models, which arouses additional interest among buyers. It is noteworthy that the units can operate in closed heating systems without using a circulation pump. The ionization chamber is small in size, so the coolant is rapidly heated and, accordingly, the pressure increases to two atmospheres.
The temperature sensor connected to the relay provides a certain operating mode for which the electrode boilers are configured. Reviews from experienced owners confirm that time active work The EOU boiler is only from two to nine hours a day. Without a doubt, such indicators are among the undoubted advantages of the heating device.
Do-it-yourself production of an electric ion heat generator
Having basic skills in repair and electrical work, as well as having studied the thermal heating circuit, it is quite possible to make an electrode boiler yourself. The price of such an installation will be significantly different when compared with a factory unit. In addition, this work will be an invaluable experience.
First of all, you need to decide how the electrode boiler circuit will be included in the overall system. Several options are usually considered:
- single-phase connection;
- three-phase connection;
- parallel ligament;
- integration of automatic control and adjustment units.
You can also make an electrode boiler with your own hands, and then use it for hot water supply or underfloor heating.
Materials that will be needed for work:
- pipe from of stainless steel length 250 mm and diameter 80-100 mm;
- welder;
- electrodes;
- neutral wire and ground terminals;
- insulators for electrodes and terminals;
- metal tee and coupling.
Before you start creating an electrode device, you should understand several important points:
- the boiler body must be grounded;
- Only the neutral wire comes out of the network to the outer pipe;
- the phase must be supplied exclusively to the electrode.
Installation work
The main stages of constructing an ion boiler.
1. A scheme of operation of the heating network is planned. There is a choice:
- single-circuit - intended only for heating;
- double-circuit - provides heating and water heating for household needs.
2. Installation and grounding of the electrode boiler successfully neutralizes static electricity.
3. Selection and installation of heating radiators, the material of which interacts normally with water.
4. Construction of automatic adjustment devices.
Technological process
The steel pipe serves as the base of the boiler. A block of electrodes is placed in its middle using a tee. On the other side of the pipe, a coupling is attached, which serves as a connection to the pipe.
An insulating layer must be placed between the tee and the electrodes. Its role is thermal protection and sealing of the housing. For this purpose, heat-resistant plastic is used, at the ends of which there must be a thread connecting to the electrode and tee.
WITH outside boiler, a screw is welded to which the zero terminal and grounding will be attached. For greater reliability, it is recommended to attach one or two more bolts. The appearance of the resulting structure looks unattractive. To hide it from view, you can arrange decorative finishing, which has electrical protection properties. In addition, the facade covering will limit unwanted access to the device.
Thus, you can easily assemble an electrode boiler with your own hands. All that remains is to insert the resulting device into the heating system, fill it with water and turn on the heating.
Let's summarize
Having understood in detail the structure and operating principle of electrode boilers, several important conclusions can be drawn.
The ability to economically achieve high power levels and quickly heat large volumes of water has a major impact on dimensions heat generators. Compact devices with minimal weight can be easily installed anywhere in the house.
If there is a need to heat the room with large area(500 or more square meters), it is quite possible to create a circuit for connecting several electrode boilers. Another positive point should be noted - when installing ion electric heating, permission and control from the boiler inspectorate are not required.
Of all the heating devices existing today, the electrode boiler seems to be the most acceptable solution. Simple and economical equipment can give warmth to our home and heat hot water for domestic needs.
By revising various options heating a private house greatest number owners prefer gas boilers as the most economical systems. But what should those owners do if their houses are located in secluded places, for example, deep in the forest, where there is no central gas pipeline? This issue can be resolved by purchasing an electrode boiler for heating a private house.
Boiler characteristics
Energy saving electrode heating boilerElectrode boilers belong to heating devices direct heating, where heat is sent directly to the energy carrier. This allows you to immediately increase the power of the unit, since there is no barrier during the heat transfer process.
Heating occurs due to electrodes immersed in a container with coolant. The current is conducted through water with a frequency of 50 Hertz, which eliminates the phenomenon of electrolysis, which means that the inner surface of the boiler will be free from scale formation. The process of heating the coolant is carried out due to the resistance that arises, and this happens instantly. As a result, the tank can be small in size since there is no need to wait for the element to heat the water.
Such design features of the electrode boiler significantly reduce energy consumption in heating system.
Note! On average, similar equipment for heating the same area of the house will consume 40% less electricity than others electrical devices. According to consumers, this is the most important advantage of the equipment.
The device is quite sensitive to the composition of water, so ordinary tap water cannot be used to operate the electrode boiler. It is necessary to carry out special water treatment first. It is ideal when antifreeze recommended by the manufacturers is used.
It is worth noting another feature of electrode boilers - after some time the electrodes dissolve. This process is natural, and its acceleration or deceleration depends solely on the intensity of use of the heating system.
About the benefits
Before talking about the advantages of an electrode boiler as a heating system at home, it should be noted that this option is only possible if there is reliable electrical wiring and a stable network condition. When frequent power outages and sudden voltage drops occur, it makes no sense to install such equipment, since the unit will not be able to function normally.
But even here you can find a way out if you purchase a diesel generator or UPS in a timely manner - source uninterruptible power supply. It accumulates a certain amount of electricity, and it can be enough for several hours of operation of the electrode boiler in the event of an accident. Some UPS models can regulate voltage using a built-in stabilizer.
In addition, in small suburban villages there is a certain quota for electricity consumption by a private home. Otherwise, special permission will be required, provided that this issue is resolved from the technical side.
If the described problems do not concern the owner, he will be able to appreciate all the advantages of an electrode boiler:
- High level of security. The equipment is designed in such a way that there is no possibility of electric current leakage, which means sparking and other similar phenomena. During operation, the occurrence of a dangerous fire situation is practically impossible, which allows the unit to be used to maintain a minimum temperature without outside supervision.
- Compact dimensions and the ability to be integrated into a heating network running on gas. As a result, the electrode boiler comes into operation when the gas supply stops.
- Fast heating of the heating system, silent operation of the unit and the ability to replace heating elements without changing the entire device.
- Installation in residential premises is possible without installing a boiler room or chimney. In addition, installation of the unit is very simple and can be done by hand.
- High efficiency - up to 96% during operation, and when heating, about 40% of electricity is saved. There is absolutely no contamination - soot, fumes, ash or smoke.
Disadvantages of electrode boilers
Electric heating of a private house To the disadvantages similar device can be attributed too high cost electricity. But if the house is used from time to time and is located far from the populated center, then an electrode boiler will be a good solution for heating the house.
In addition, electrode devices do not fit well with some types of pipes and batteries. For example, when using cast iron radiators in a heating system, problems arise due to their uneven internal surface and large volume of coolant. As a rule, one section of a cast iron battery holds up to 2.5 liters of water.
Problems can also arise due to the use of metal-plastic pipes. In this case, when choosing an electrode boiler, it is better to use polypropylene products.
Another nuance that can be attributed to a disadvantage is the need to maintain a constant coolant resistance. It can be adjusted by adding special additives that prevent scale formation. In this case, soda, as some craftsmen advise, will, on the contrary, contribute to this process.
Installation and operation
When installing an electrode boiler prerequisite is the presence of air vents that operate automatically, as well as a safety valve and pressure gauge. In addition, shut-off valves must be placed near the expansion tank.
A prerequisite for installing the boiler is its vertical position. This is very convenient to do thanks to the special surface mounting included in the kit.
It is also very important that the first 1200 mm of the heating system pipes must be metal, and the rest may contain pipes made of other materials.
Electric double-circuit heating boilers - installation It is better to entrust the installation and installation of elements such as a climate control sensor or thermostat systems to specialists from the service center.
Before installing an electrode boiler, the heating system must be washed with water with the addition of special products described in the device data sheet. If the system is poorly cleaned and the coolant is of poor quality, the efficiency of the boiler will be significantly reduced. According to the manufacturers' recommendations, the best option The coolant is distilled water.
The choice of radiator for such a heating system largely depends on the total volume - that is, the displacement of all pipes and radiators. The optimal displacement should be about 8 liters per 1 kW of unit power. If this figure is exceeded, the boiler will operate longer, which means energy consumption will increase.
Radiators must be aluminum or bimetallic. The use of cast iron products in this case is unacceptable, since they are characterized by a large amount of impurities in the coolant and reduce the operation of the boiler. Besides, cast iron radiators have a significant volume, which increases energy consumption.
Conclusion
Electrode heating equipment is a reliable, energy-saving and comfort-creating device that has a number of advantages and benefits. They will undoubtedly be appreciated by all users and their households. After all, the most important thing is the warmth of the home, and thanks to modern equipment it has become much easier to provide it.
An ion or, as it is also called, electric electrode boiler is a direct-flow water heater that can quickly and efficiently heat liquid. The device is used mainly in dachas or country houses, as it is easy to install and does not require permission to use. The only significant drawback is that it is quite expensive to operate as the main method of heating in an apartment.
Instead of a heating element or coil in an ion boiler, electrodes act as heating elements. They have good efficiency and do not consume too much electricity compared to other electric heating devices. The design of the device is quite simple, so you can assemble it yourself.
Operating principle of an electrode boiler
As can be seen in the figure, when the polarity of the current changes, the direction of movement of salt ions in water also changes. In this case, the electrode and the device body are used as contacts.
The operating principle of such a device is based on the electrolysis process, that is role heating element the water itself plays. However, there is one condition: for water to begin to conduct current through itself, the presence of salts is necessary. The more impurities in a liquid, the better it will conduct current. Charged particles of impurities or ions under the influence of electricity begin to move from contact to contact (electrodes). Since the current in a conventional electrical network is variable and its frequency is 50 Hz, the ions change their direction from electrode to electrode 50 times per second.
The home network has a constant voltage of 220 V, hence, based on Ohm's law, as the resistance decreases, the current increases. But water is still not a good conductor, unlike metals such as aluminum or copper, so as the current increases, it begins to heat up. Thanks to this, the efficiency of electrode boilers is close to 100%.
IMPORTANT! The power of the water heater directly depends on the amount of impurities in the water. The more salts, the more powerful the boiler.
This simple circuit clearly shows the simplicity of the electrode boiler design.
As a rule, a standard boiler is cylindrical in shape. An electrode, also cylindrical in shape, is installed inside the latter. In this case, the first contact in the device is the electrode, and the second is the housing itself. Based on this, there is a need to ground the water heater, since current can flow through its body.
If you decide to buy an electrode heating boiler, the problem of grounding disappears. Most factory models have a body coated with polyamide. The latter plays the role of an insulator. Also pay attention to the size of the water heater. Usually this is a small cylinder with a height of up to 600 mm and a diameter of up to 300-400 mm. Such boilers can develop a power of up to 6 kW, which is quite enough to power the average house or apartment.
Advantages and disadvantages of electrode heating boilers
We will compare electrode models only with others electric water heaters. Will not be taken into account gas boilers, which, of course, are much cheaper to operate, but require obtaining permits for their use, the availability of a project, gas and other special conditions.
So, ion boilers can stand out among their analogues in the following ways:
Electrode boilers are the smallest heating elements. Which does not affect their performance at all.
- they are compact, have a simple design, so they are well suited for use in dachas or private homes;
- the devices are not afraid of voltage surges, since the latter only affects the power of the boiler, but not its operation;
- ion water heaters quickly heat up and cool down, so it is convenient to use any automated room temperature control systems with them;
- they are safe because even in the absence of water, the device will not deteriorate or cause a fire or short circuit, it simply will not work (there will be no closed circuit);
- they have excellent efficiency, reaching 98%.
Disadvantages of electrode water heaters:
- knowledge in electrical engineering is needed not only to build a boiler, but also to calculate the parameters of the liquid, its electrical conductivity and the amount of impurities;
- for the device to operate regular one will do water, for example, from any heating system, since such a liquid contains many free ions;
- air should not be allowed to enter the boiler, as this will accelerate the process of metal corrosion, thereby reducing the service life of the water heater;
- you need to monitor the temperature of the water in the boiler, since if it exceeds 75 degrees, this will significantly increase energy costs;
- when installing the device, it must be grounded, especially for homemade devices;
- The power of the water heater directly depends on the coolant; high-quality and correctly made liquid can increase the power of the device and vice versa;
- they operate on AC power only.
You can use your electrode boiler as an instantaneous water heater by simply connecting it to the water supply system.
In addition, it is worth mentioning several features of the ion water heater:
- it can be used as a regular instantaneous water heater, and not just as a boiler;
- ease of assembly and installation, ease of repair have a positive effect on its popularity;
- very cheap, even if you buy a factory version rather than making it yourself;
- silent, has no effect on environment or human, does not emit toxins or harmful substances, so it can be installed anywhere.
No matter how good an ion boiler is, it is still not a worthy replacement for gas analogues. If it is possible to install gas equipment Of course, choose the latter.
Installation and operation of electrode water heaters
Although installing a heating system with an ion boiler is quite simple, you must first learn a few mandatory rules, without which the system will either not work at all, or will become unsafe and short-lived.
Mandatory requirements:
- equip the system with a pressure gauge that will help monitor the pressure in the boiler and pipes;
- be sure to install safety valve so that the latter discharges excess steam;
- it is worth installing automatic air vents;
- take care of the installation of shut-off valves, which must be located after the expansion tank.
The layout of a heating system using an electrode boiler is quite simple. The main thing is to install all its required elements. Namely: air vent and check valves, pressure gauge, drain and safety valves.
The boiler itself must be mounted strictly vertically, since water, when heated, turns into steam and tends upward. Cold liquid is supplied from below. The device must have a separate mount and not hang on pipes. Also, do not install plastic pipes directly at the outlet of the boiler. The first 1.5 meters of the pipe must be metal. The rest of the heating system can be made of metal-plastic pipes.
Before starting the heating system with an ion boiler, it must be completely flushed by special means. This way you will significantly increase the efficiency and durability of the entire system.
Another important issue is grounding. It must be made of wire with a diameter of 4 mm and having a resistance of no more than 4 ohms. The grounding must be connected to the zero terminal located at the bottom of the water heater.
Particular attention should be paid to the volume of the heating system. Follow a simple rule: for 1 kW of boiler power, the largest displacement is 8 liters. It is easy to calculate that for a power of, for example, 5 kW, the maximum permissible displacement will be 40 liters.
Volume calculation is an important component. If the calculation is incorrect, the efficiency of the device will decrease. The boiler will work harder, which means increased energy consumption and heater wear.
Aluminum radiators are best choice for private houses with an electrode heating boiler.
Conventional cast iron radiators are not suitable for electrode devices, since they contain a larger amount of impurities that affect the electrical conductivity of the liquid. Here optimal choice will become aluminum or bimetallic batteries. It is better to choose those that have the smallest volume to reduce energy costs.
DIY electrode boiler
As mentioned earlier, an ion water heater has a relatively simple design, so you can make it yourself. Is it worth doing this, because you can buy a ready-made model in the store, although you will overpay a little.
So for self-made you need to buy or find in the bins the following materials and tools:
- tee and coupling;
- insulating materials;
- terminals for connecting the boiler to the electrical network and grounding;
- one or more (optional) electrodes;
- large diameter steel pipe (for the device body);
- welding machine;
- a set of keys;
- gas key;
- valves, return and air valves, pressure gauge.
Take a large diameter pipe (about 100 mm) and preferably a length of 250 mm. Using a tee, you need to insert an electrode into it. Water will flow through the same tee. On the other side of the pipe, you need to install a coupling through which the already heated liquid will flow into the heating system.
IMPORTANT! The so-called zero coming from the socket must be installed on the pipe, and not the electrode. The phase is connected to the last one.
The process of assembling an electrode boiler is quite simple, the main thing is that the system is sealed and the electrode does not touch other metal parts.
When installing an electrode on a tee, install an insulator (for example, plastic) between them. Do not forget that the device must be sealed. If you want to connect a pipe and a tee to each other threaded connection, then you will have to order it from a turning workshop.
Weld a bolt onto the pipe and install a terminal on it to secure the future grounding. Install a coupling on top and weld a metal pipe (as mentioned earlier with a length of 1.2-1.5 meters), after which you can cover the entire structure with a decorative casing.
There are situations when using electricity to heat a private home becomes the only option worthy of consideration. Gas pipelines, unfortunately, have not yet reached the level of ramifications to reach everyone. Solid fuel The heating system requires constant attention from the owners of the house, a mandatory separate boiler room, storage areas at least minimum supply of firewood or briquettes (pellets). Diesel fuel boilers are very expensive in themselves, require large installation costs and precise adjustments, and cannot do without preparing a large container with a volume of several cubic meters for storing liquid fuel.
So, in such a situation, there is nothing left to do but switch to electric heating of the home. There are many options for solving this problem. For example, this could be using cables, mats or infrared films. Modern ones, which are easy to hide behind the decoration of the ceiling or walls, are gradually gaining appreciation. But still, the usual water heating systems remain in first place in popularity, into which, in this case, an electric boiler crashes. But here options are also possible - heat sources can be ordinary - with heating elements, induction various types. And the most controversial, causing considerable, sometimes even heated discussions, are ion heating boilers.
These devices are credited with absolutely fabulous heating efficiency indicators, for example, efficiency above 100%, and are incredibly criticized for the fact that they can usually quickly render the heating system unusable, praised for ease of installation and compactness, and at the same time “ostracized” for its low level electrical safety. As usual, in reality the truth is somewhere in the middle... Let's try to understand this, without bias, by citing in the article and positive traits such boilers, and their inherent disadvantages. In addition, the most popular brands will be considered, indicating their technical characteristics. various models and approximate price level. And finally, as the presentation progresses, attention will be paid to some issues regarding the installation of such equipment.
How does an electrode (ionic) heating boiler work?
Probably everyone who has ever lived in a student dormitory or served in the army knows the simplest device for boiling water, which made it possible to brew a cup of tea in literally a matter of seconds. Two metal plates (old razor blades or even metal shoe shoes), spaced with a small air gap from each other, connected to a 220 volt power cable.
The simplest boiler is a kind of “prototype” of an electrode (ion) heating boiler Such a “device”, lowered into a glass and connected to power, ensures a rapid, unusually violent boiling of water. A This is enough clear example how an ion (or electrode) boiler is designed in principle.
(By the way, you should not repeat such experiments at home - this is unsafe both from the point of view of a wire fire from a short circuit and from a high probability of getting an electrical injury).
Conductors placed in an electrolyte solution (and ordinary, non-distilled water is, to a certain extent, an electrolyte due to the salts dissolved in it), when voltage is applied to them, they cause ionization of the solution and the movement of ions in the opposite direction: anions - to cathode and cations, respectively, to the anode.
This would lead to the electrolysis process if the supplied current were constant. But when connecting a household mains voltage the polarity of the electrodes changes 50 times per second (frequency 50 Hz). Instead of uniform motion ions begin to vibrate rapidly in a medium that offers considerable resistance to this. As a result, very rapid heating of the liquid occurs - that is, the coolant, which is used to transfer energy through heat exchange points.
By and large, the developers of such a circuit managed to get rid of the “middleman” - a heat-generating electric coil made of materials with high resistivity. The role of the heating element is assumed by the coolant-electrolyte itself. This is what is attributed to the special properties of efficiency and economy of this method of converting electrical energy into heat.
Right away, we should probably make some clarity about the terminology used. IN various sources You can find the name of this technique as both “electrode” and “ionic” boilers. Moreover, some manufacturers even try to make a distinction between these concepts - they say that in ion installations it is possible to to a certain extent control and regulate the number of ions involved in the process of heating the coolant. Understanding heating specialists regard such statements as nothing more than marketing ploy to highlight your products against the general background. But even if this is true to some extent, the merit lies not in the design of the boiler, but in the complexity of the electronics of the control unit and the quality of the coolant electrolyte. And the boiler itself was and remains electrode.
General structure of an ion (electrode) boiler
This method of quickly heating a liquid is certainly not some kind of innovative development. As a physical phenomenon, this has been known for a very long time, and its practical application in order to obtain thermal energy for heating premises was mastered in the middle of the 20th century. It is generally accepted that the first detailed boilers were developed for the needs of the navy, or more precisely, for heating the compartments of submarines. And one of the requirements for any military equipment of those years was maximum simplicity and the highest reliability. Ion boilers fully met these requirements. There are absolutely no moving mechanical parts in them, and the internal “electrical equipment” is such that there is simply nothing to burn out in it. And the active service life of such a water heater, in fact, was determined by the strength and corrosion resistance of its body.
However, only in the early 90s were they developed, patented and put into production for use in heating systems residential buildings. By the way, despite the fact that a quarter of a century has passed since then, neither the layout diagram nor appearance These devices have not undergone major changes. All improvements to this equipment are made, for the most part, in the area of modernization of control systems, and to some extent - in selection the most optimal, resistant materials for the housing and electrodes and the chemical composition of coolants.
Although Similar boilers are produced by several companies, domestic and foreign, all of them are basically similar in layout, and differ only in minor details.
The layout of almost all electrode boilers is very similar - a vertically located cylinder with a thickening at the power connection point It is always a vertically located cylinder, with a thickening on one edge - there is an electrical switching unit. There are always two threaded pipes - for the coolant inlet (in the terminology of heating systems - “return”) and for the outlet of the heated liquid (supply pipe). More often they are located as shown in the figure - the “return” pipe is on the side of the cylinder, and the outlet is on top. Although, occasionally there are models in which both threaded pipes for insertion into the system are located on the side.
Electrodes are located inside the housing.
If the boiler is designed to operate from a single-phase 220 V network, then this is one electrode, which will be located in the center of the cylinder. The role of the second in this case will be played by the inner surface of the “glass” in the body.
Three-phase boilers are more powerful. Here the electrode block will consist of three rod elements isolated from each other, also located in the common “glass” of the boiler body.
It is clear that the electrode block has a reliable sealing system that prevents the electrolyte (coolant) from leaking out. Reliable electrical insulation is provided for the contact part and the outer surface of the boiler body itself - for this purpose it is covered with a layer of polyamide.
The dimensions of the boiler are usually not too large - this depends on its total power and on the specific model. This will be discussed in more detail in the section on the main manufacturers of such equipment.
Most often, there are no longer any control or adjustment devices on the body of the boiler itself. But every boiler must be equipped with an electronic or electromechanical control unit of varying degrees of complexity.
These control units allow the boiler to be turned on only to maintain the set heating mode. Thus, the system can be equipped with one temperature sensor ( on the pipesupply of heated coolant) or even two (an additional one is on the return pipe). The maximum heating temperature and its hysteresis are set on the control unit (Δt°, that is, the difference in temperature values in both directions, at which a control signal is generated to turn the boiler power on or off).
In some control systems that can be more finely tuned, it is possible to set the nominal temperature value in the “return” and the hysteresis value for it. There are also more “sophisticated” control schemes that are typical for certain equipment manufacturers.
About the advantages and disadvantages of ion (electrode) boilers
Much has been written about the advantages of electrode boilers, often contradictory. Let's look at it in order:
Advantages - truth and speculation
- Electrode boilers have the highest efficiency, close to 100%. This - pure truth, but with some reservations.
By the way, you can come across publications that claim that the efficiency even exceeds this threshold - 100%. More precisely, it says that the coefficient is higher than that of conventional boilers with heating elements by 30 — 40%. There is no way to believe this.
Indeed, any electric boilers have a high efficiency, tending to 100%, no matter what heating principle is used: resistive (heating element), induction or ionic - almost all electrical energy is converted into heat and is ultimately transferred to the coolant. The only question is how quickly the boiler reaches the design heating temperature - at the start-up stage, a boiler with heating elements will, of course, require a little more time. And so, no one has canceled the law of conservation of energy, and one cannot expect any miracles from an electrode boiler.
- With equal heating power, electrode boilers are the most compact and lightest in weight among their “brothers”. It's hard to disagree - this is true. They are especially noticeable compared to induction heaters, which are always distinguished by their massiveness and overall dimensions.
- An electrode boiler does not require the installation of a chimney system - like any other boiler powered by electrical energy.
- There is absolutely no possibility of overheating and failure due to coolant leakage from the system. Indeed, an important advantage: the electrodes do not contact each other in any way, and the lack of liquid leads to a complete open circuit - the boiler, by definition, cannot operate in such conditions.
- Heating of water occurs very quickly, which, according to the laws of thermodynamics, is accompanied by a sharp increase in pressure in the system. It is possible to do without a circulation pump.
It would seem that everything is correct, but for some reason such systems are still not used without a pump. Firstly, it is completely unproductive to direct part of the energy to ensure circulation (with a pump, consumption for these purposes will be lower, and the process will be more controlled). And, secondly, we can talk about such a powerful pressure surge only when the system is starting up. In the future, when the control switches to maintaining the temperature within the established hysteresis, this process will not differ in any way from all other boilers.
- The inertia of such a boiler is the smallest and h all electrical varieties. Therefore, there is the possibility of very precise and rapid operation settings that will help save on energy costs.
A classic example of how two expressions are combined in one expression. completely unrelated statements among themselves. Indeed, inertia is low. First of all, due to the fact that the mass of the boiler itself is insignificant, and heating of the liquid begins faster. Regarding energy costs - they, at the same time, as we have already found out, efficiency depend, rather, on the level of thermal insulation of the building, that is, on the existing heat losses. But the efficiency of switching and the accuracy of settings is unlikely to have any tangible effect on both the comfort of living and efficiency. Is it possible that such a boiler will turn on and off more often, which, by the way, is not even particularly good.
As for the accuracy of the settings, this is still a very controversial issue. If we take into account the nonlinearity of the electrolysis heating process and the special requirements for the quality of the electrolyte, then perhaps controlling a conventional boiler looks like a much simpler task.
- Voltage drops do not affect the operation of the boiler - its power may only change, but operation will not stop.
Reading about such an “advantage” is even somewhat funny. By and large, voltage drops are also not afraid neither ordinary boilers nor heating elements. But complex automation, which regulates and directs the operation of any boilers, requires a certain stability of power supply. And electrode boilers are no different from others in this regard.
- Electrode boilers can be installed in the heating circuit as additional energy sources.
Indeed, it is possible, but in this case you will have to bring the state of the coolant to the one that is required specifically for an electrode (ion) boiler.
A very “solid” battery of electrode boilers! It is also possible to install several boilers in parallel with the same power - in this case it will be possible to stepwise adjust the total heating power - by turning on all or a selected number of heaters.
- The operation of electrode boilers is absolutely harmless from an environmental point of view.
Question about porn. Yes, there are not and cannot be any harmful emissions into the atmosphere - but this is typical for all electric heaters. But due to the composition of the coolant, electrode boilers can even pose a certain environmental hazard. Often it contains very toxic substances (such as ethylene glycol), and the spent electrolyte, when replaced quite often, requires a special disposal procedure - simply drain it onto the ground or even into sewer system- Absolutely forbidden.
- The cost of electrode boilers, compared to other electric ones, is the lowest.
This is indeed true, but one cannot help but notice one “marketing trap”. Very often the cost of such boilers is indicated without taking into account the price of automation units. Ordinary boilers with heating elements, as a rule, are assembled in one housing with all the built-in electronics, temperature sensors, thermostat, etc., so their price is appropriate.
The cost of control equipment must also be taken into account immediately, since without it all the advantages of electrode boilers are literally reduced to zero - uncontrolled heating of the liquid will not only be uneconomical, but also extremely dangerous!
Disadvantages of ion boilers
Honestly, if you just look at the list of disadvantages of electrode boilers, then any desire to get involved with this type of heating disappears. However, let the reader judge for himself, since some of the “cons” are clearly far-fetched and do not deserve special attention.
- Sometimes the disadvantages include the fact that the electrode stake requires only alternating current - with constant current, the process of electrolysis of the coolant will begin with its chemical decomposition.
Considering this a drawback is the same as complaining that a car does not want to run on alcohol, and a home TV refuses to work on a AA battery. Each device has its own capabilities and its own energy sources, and this has nothing to do with disadvantages.
- The need to equip the heating circuit with a circulation pump.
This has already been mentioned above, but such a “disadvantage” is inherent in almost all home heating systems, with the exception of open ones with natural circulation. And even then, it is also recommended to install pumps in them - this affects the uniformity and overall efficiency of heating the home.
- Special requirements for the quality and chemical composition of the coolant.
Here, you can’t argue; indeed, the electrode boiler will not work with any liquid that gets into it. Several criteria must be combined here - the possibility of ionization (for example, distilled water will not work in principle), relatively low electrical resistance (with great importance- the current simply will not flow through the liquid). And at the same time, we must not forget about high heat capacity, resistance to freezing, operating temperature range, environmental friendliness, etc.
Many manufacturers of electrode boilers directly give recommendations on the use of specific brands of coolants, which they often produce themselves. Moreover, there are known cases when warranty service equipment was refused due to violations of recommendations.
Many craftsmen are very critical of factory-made compounds and recommend using saline solutions (brines) made independently. But independently selecting the optimal composition, without special equipment for testing electrical conductivity, is an extremely difficult task. This approach is complicated by the fact that over time the electrical specifications coolant can change significantly, and in addition, they largely depend on the current heating temperature.
In a word, selecting the right coolant for the system in the case of electrode boilers turns into a very troublesome task. And if we also take into account that replacement of the entire volume of working fluid will have to be carried out before each heating season...
- Not all heating radiators can be used in conjunction with electrode boilers.
The honest truth is that for such a heating system, either or aluminum radiators are recommended. Moreover, when choosing aluminum, you should also pay attention to the quality of the material - is it a primary metal, or a processed product. The fact is that the processed metal will definitely contain a large amount of impurities - oxides, and they can seriously damage chemical composition electrolyte, sharply increasing or decreasing electrical conductivity, which imbalances the operation of the system.
Cast iron radiators are very undesirable for two reasons. Firstly, their very significant heat capacity can exceed the normal heating capabilities of an electrode boiler, and it will work almost non-stop. And secondly, old cast iron batteries, as a rule, are not distinguished by internal cleanliness, the pipes lend themselves to truly high-quality washing due to the porosity of the surface, and can quickly render the coolant unusable for operation. And no one has canceled the corrosion of ferrous metals, and any electrolyte is always characterized by increased corrosion properties.
As an exception, modern cast iron radiators made in Europe may be suitable. They have a smaller volume and a higher quality of metal.
- Electrode boilers have particularly increased requirements for grounding.
By and large, any powerful electrical installations must have reliable grounding of the frame. But if in most cases it is - means protection against accidental phase breakdown on the housing, then in the example with ion boilers everything is more serious. Their metal body is directly involved in the work process, and therefore, indeed, grounding becomes vital importance for security. Moreover, the standard RCD unit is not applicable in the case under consideration, since there will be a voltage leak one way or another, and the power with such protection will be constantly forcibly turned off.
You can find out how to do it correctly by following the link to the corresponding article on our portal.
- There are strict restrictions on the maximum heating temperature - up to 75 degrees.
It's more likely no no wealth, but the peculiarity of the operation of such a heating circuit. The fact is that the electrical conductivity of the liquid changes nonlinearly, and at temperatures above 75 ° WITH there may be unnecessary waste of energy without increasing power. However, this temperature should almost always be enough for high-quality heating. And the upper heating limit, by the way, exists for any boilers (including gas and solid fuel) and this must be monitored by automation.
- The electrodes become overgrown quite quickly, due to the specific nature of the work, and require regular replacement. Probably too no no prosperity, and operating costs - any equipment eventually requires replacement of consumable parts.
- It is impossible (in any case, extremely undesirable) to use such a boiler in an open-type heating system.
This is true - the electrolyte itself is a rather aggressive environment for the elements of the heating system. If air oxygen still has free access to the coolant, its ability to cause corrosion will increase many times over, but the necessary chemical composition to ensure the required electrical conductivity may change for the worse.
- It is inadmissible to use heated water for domestic and technical needs (with a single-circuit heating system). This drawback can be eliminated by installing a boiler indirect heating, of course, having correctly calculated the overall capabilities of the system.
- Very big difficulties when starting the heating system.
We are not talking about the installation of the boiler itself, its installation and piping - here experienced craftsmen should not have any special problems. The main problems, as already mentioned, correct selection chemical composition of the coolant and fine adjustment of the system. It is not recommended to carry out such activities on your own; you will need to invite experienced specialists.
The same can be said about regular preventive measures in preparation for the heating season, since it is almost impossible to correctly assess the condition of the coolant and the overall performance of the system without gained experience and without special equipment. This means that you will have to put up with the annual call of the relevant specialists.
Find out how to do it and also check out detailed instructions, in an article on our portal.
Electrode (ion) heating boilers on the Russian market
Thanks to their advantages, and despite their rather numerous disadvantages, ionic heating colas remain very popular in the Russian open spaces. Several domestic companies are engaged in their production, and products are also supplied from foreign countries. To help the reader with the choice of equipment, a brief overview of the most popular brands will be given
Electrode boilers "Galan"
The products of the Moscow company Galan are, without a doubt, a pioneer in the domestic market for equipment of this type, and it is possible that throughout the world too. Release them mastered back in the early 90s based on our own patented development. There are no exact statistics, but, most likely, “Galan” still holds the “palm of championship” in this area, in any case, in terms of mentions on the Internet and in terms of positive reviews, these boilers are definitely in the lead.
Model range of electrode boilers "Galan" Today the company produces three main models, each of which has several gradations in terms of heating power level.
The smallest ones are “Galan-Ochag”. Weighing only 500 g, these “babies” are capable of efficiently heating quite large volumes - up to 200 m³, delivering power up to 5 kW. The cost of such boilers is from 3300 to 4000 rubles. More modern model– “Galan-Ochag-Turbo” can be slightly more expensive – up to 6,000 rubles.
In private residential construction, the most popular are single-phase and three-phase electrode boilers "Galan-Geyser". They have two heating power thresholds - 9 and 15 kW, and this should be enough for a quite respectable country cottage with a total volume of sealed rooms up to 450 m³. The average cost of such boilers is 6 to 7 thousand, and “Geyser-Turbo” is about 8 thousand rubles.
The most powerful are the electrode colas in the Galan-Vulcan line. They are all designed to operate in a three-phase network, have a power of 25 and 50 kW, and are intended for heating fairly large structures. The price for them is over 10 thousand rubles.
| Basic parameters of electric heating boilers | VULCANO 50 | VULCANO 25 | GEYSER 15 | GEYSER 9 | HEATH 6 | HEATH 5 | HEATH 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Consumption voltage, V | 380 | 380 | 380 | 220/380 | 220 | 220 | 220 |
| Heated room, m³ | up to 1600 | up to 850 | up to 550 | up to 340 | up to 250 up to 200 | up to 120 | |
| Coolant volume, liter | 300-500 | 150- 300 | 100- 200 | 50-100 | 35-70 | 30-60 | 25-50 |
| Current consumption, max, A | 2×37.9 | 37.5 | 22.7 | 13,7/40 | 27.3 | 22.7 | 13.7 |
| Peak power consumption in kW, at water temperature 90ºС | 50 | 25 | 15 | 9 | 6 | 5 | 3 |
| Power consumption in kW, average for the heating season, (6 months – 4320 hours) from October 15 to April 15. | up to 36000 kW | up to 18000 kW | up to 12000 kW | up to 8000 kW | up to 6000 kW | up to 5000 kW | up to 3000 kW |
| Recommended outlet temperature, °C | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 |
| Coupling diameter for connecting the boiler to the heating system | 32 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
| weight. kg | 11.5 | 42130 | 42130 | 42130 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| diameter, mm | 130 | 130 | 130 | 130 | 35 | 35 | 35 |
| length, mm | 570 | 460 | 410 | 360 | 335 | 320 | 275 |
If the basic models of Galan boilers themselves remain practically unchanged, then the control automation is constantly being improved. Thus, it is recommended to purchase control units for modern household-grade boilers “ Galan - Navigator" V various designs(price - from 6 thousand).
There may be other proposals - for example, equipping the Galan boiler with an ABB or Hager circuit breaker, a modular digital coolant thermostat "BeeRT", which will simultaneously regulate both the performance of the circulation pump and room thermostat"by air" "COMPUTHERM Q7" . Such a system is fully agreed with the boiler manufacturer, but its cost, of course, will be somewhat higher.
Video: variety of Galan boilers
Prices for the Galan heating boiler range
Heating boilers Galan
Beryl"
Another popular Russian product is the Beryl family of electrode heating boilers.
They are produced in two sizes, depending on the power supply used - 220 or 380 volts, and on the installation power, respectively - up to 9 and up to 33 kW.
Single-phase electrode boilers "Beryl" 
Dimensions of the three-phase modification "Beryl" A characteristic feature of all Beryl boilers is the top location of the power connection unit - this somewhat simplifies both installation and maintenance. Even to replace the electrode block, in most cases it will not be necessary to dismantle the entire boiler from its piping.
| Name of boilers, control systems: | price, rub. |
|---|---|
| BERIL ion boilers and automation (manual power change, step 200 (600) W) | |
| Boilers 220V; 5, 7, 9 kW | 4450 |
| 8450 | |
| Control unit "Euro" for 220V and 380V boilers | 14000 |
| BERIL ion boilers and automation (automatic / manual power change, step 600 W) | |
| 380V boilers with triac unit 6, 9, 12, 15, 25, 33 kW | 20000 |
| CSU control unit (with PID mode function) | 15000 |
| BERIL ion boilers and automation (automatic / manual power change, step 2000 W) | |
| Boiler 380V with built-in triac unit, 100 kW | 75000 |
| Boiler 380V with built-in triac unit, 130 kW | 100000 |
| CSU control unit (with PID mode function) for 100 and 130 kW boilers | 25000 |
| Electrode boilers BERIL and automation | |
| Boilers 220V; 5, 7, 9 kW | 4450 |
| Boilers 380V; 6, 9, 12, 15, 25, 33 kW | 8450 |
| Control unit ETsRT GEKK for boilers 220 and 380 V | 8500 |
| BERIL thermal modules of unlimited power with one control unit | |
| Boilers 380V 33 kW with triac unit - 1 pc. | 20000 |
| Control unit GEKK 63/3M TsSU for module operation in PID mode | 20000 |
| Control unit GEKK 60/3 TsSU for operation of the module in group control mode | 25000 |
| Coolant BERIL V.I.P. propylene glycol based | |
| temperature -35C (-45C crystallization temperature) polye canister 20 liters | 2200 |
By the way, it is some models of Beryl boilers that are positioned specifically as ionic ones - because, according to the manufacturer, they implement the ability to control the general level electric charges. Such products can be equipped with control units of varying complexity:
Control unit for boilers "Beryl" CSU "Euro" TsSU "Euro" control units allow you to manually adjust the heating power of the coolant in steps of 200 W.
1 – connection block (power contactor);
2 – step boiler power regulator;
3 – automatic overload protection;
4 – thermostat control unit, according to the coolant heating level.
Beryl ion boiler with triac unit More expensive models, with automatic control and power regulation at each specific moment in time, are equipped with a special triac unit (in the picture) and a PID system - electronic temperature control. It is believed that the PID controller, which consists of an amplifier, integrator and differentiator, most quickly and accurately estimates the heating level taking into account the immediate future and generates control signals that allow saving up to 20% of energy.
Line of boilers EOU (Energy Saving Heating Installation)
This is also a Russian-made product. Simple in design, relatively inexpensive, but quite easy to use, the boilers cover a power range from 2 to 120 kW. They can be produced for single- and three-phase current networks, differing in size.
Dimensions of electrode boilers "EOU" Such boilers are popular not only in our country, but also in neighboring countries, and last year the products received certification from the Customs Union.
The table shows technical data and the average price level for boilers operating on a 220 volt network, as the most popular in domestic conditions:
| Technical data | Unit measurements | Single-phase modifications | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1/2 | 1/3 | 1/4 | 1/5 | 1/6 | 1/7 | 1/8 | 1/9 | 1/10 | 1/12 | ||
| Operating voltage | Volt | ~220 | ~220 | ~220 | ~220 | ~220 | ~220 | ~220 | ~220 | ~220 | ~220 |
| Power consumption | kW | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 12 |
| Heated room volume | m³ | 120 | 180 | 240 | 300 | 360 | 420 | 480 | 540 | 600 | 750 |
| Heated area | m² | 40 | 60 | 80 | 100 | 120 | 140 | 160 | 180 | 200 | 250 |
| Electricity consumption per day | kW | 2-16 | 3-24 | 4-32 | 5-40 | 6-48 | 7-56 | 8-64 | 9-72 | 10-80 | 12-96 |
| Raising water in a water system (without pump) | m | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 13 |
| Weight, no more | kg | 3 | |||||||||
| Price of the device, without control panel | rub. | 4200 | 4300 | 4400 | 4500 | 4600 | 4700 | 4800 | 4900 | 5000 | 5100 |
| Price of a set of components for the control panel | rub. | 1410 | 1990 | 1990 | 1850 | 1850 | 1850 | 2540 | 2540 | 2540 | 2540 |
Despite the unpretentious design of EOU boilers, the manufacturer gives them a factory warranty of at least 10 years, and the total service life is estimated at 30 years.
Video: examples of using EOU electrode boilers
Imported electrode boilers
In addition to Russian-made boilers, models produced in some neighboring countries are in demand.
Ukrainian-designed and produced Forsazh boilers are interesting in that they are equipped with a special casing - a casing, which increases the operational safety of the installation and still makes its appearance more attractive.
Boiler "Fast and Furious" in the box The line of Forsazh boilers is represented by five models operating from 220 V, with a power from 3 to 25 kW. All of them are equipped with a control unit of our own design - an electronic digital temperature controller (EDRT).
Set - “Forsazh” boiler with electronic digital temperature controller The basic characteristics of Forsazh electrode boilers are given in the table:
| Parameter name | Execution options | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FAST AND THE FURIOUS 3 | FAST AND THE FURIOUS 5 | FAST AND THE FURIOUS 9 | FAST AND THE FURIOUS 15 | FAST & FURIOUS 25 | |
| Rated voltage, V | 220 | ||||
| Permissible deviations from the rated voltage, % | ±10 | ||||
| Rated frequency, Hz | 50 | ||||
| Rated current in one phase at a coolant temperature of 63°C, A | 13.6 | 22.7 | 13.6 | 22.7 | 37.9 |
| Rated power consumption, kW | 3 | 5 | 9 | 15 | 25 |
| Electronic digital temperature controller (EDCRT) | ECRT-3 | ECRT-5 | ECRT-9 | ECRT-15 | ECRT-25 |
| Coolant | Special coolant "Forsazh-M" | ||||
| Coolant volume in the heating system, l | 20 - 40 | 30 - 60 | 60 - 120 | 100 - 200 | 160 - 300 |
| Coolant operating pressure (cold) | 0,1 - 0,15 | ||||
| in the heating system, MPa (bar) | (1 - 1,5) | ||||
| Maximum permissible pressure, MPa (bar) | 0,3 (3) | ||||
| Maximum volume of heated premises, m 3 | 100 | 170 | 300 | 450 | 750 |
| Overall dimensions, mm | 265x135x88 | 470x190x136 | |||
| Nozzle diameter | 1,25" | ||||
| Weight, kg | 1.85 | 1.95 | 6.05 | 6.4 | 6.85 |
| Execution according to the degree of protection against moisture | IPX3 | ||||
And finally, we can mention a device developed and assembled in Latvia – the STAFOR boiler. It is interesting for several innovative solutions, including the use of a “Faraday cage” - separation of the protective and working zero.
Of all the boilers, it has the highest safety indicators, and is the only one of its kind - it has passed full certification according to the very strict requirements of the European Union. This boiler is fully equipped with its own electronics. In addition, with it you can purchase not only a branded coolant, but even a special additive, STATERM POWER, which allows you to timely adjust the chemical composition of the electrolyte to adjust the boiler power.
So, the principle of operation, advantages and disadvantages of such heating boilers are clear to the reader. He is familiar with the variety of models and approximate price levels. All that remains is to make your own choice - “for” or “against”.