Wood cutters purpose. Wood cutters

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Manual milling machine is widely used for . But it is useless without correctly selected cutters, which determine the type of operation performed. We will discuss them further.

Most popular options

The milling cutter itself is, in fact, an ordinary engine with comfortable handles, the ability to adjust power and seat under the cutters. And it is the installed working elements that determine the scope of application of all equipment.

All types of wood cutters for hand router can be considered for a very long time, but we will try to touch on their main differences and purposes.

Types of construction

Wood end mills for a manual router primarily differ from each other in structural terms:

Advice: if the attachment cutter becomes dull during operation, do not rush to change it; it will be enough to turn the blades over to the other side with your own hands and continue the operation, since such models have double-sided sharpening.

Purpose

Instructions for use milling equipment depends on what type of cutting consumable you install on it:

Edge

Wood fillet cutter for hand router

Edge models with support bearings, which are used for processing and, are very widespread. They, in turn, also have various variations depending on the shape of the blades:

Designation in the figure	Name of cutters	Purpose
a, b	Profile	The edge is endowed with a variety of shaped profiles in order to increase its aesthetics
V	Conical	Bevels the edge at a forty-five degree angle
G	Kalevochnaya	Rounds the edge, creating a profile of one-fourth of a circle
d	Disk	Makes a horizontally extending groove of specified dimensions
e	Folded	Milling of quarters for various purposes
and	Filling	Creating a fillet on the edge surface to improve its aesthetics

Combined cutter:

They are a combination of a groove and tenon cutting element;
Applies when creating wooden shields. With its help, all the necessary wooden fragments are reliably spliced together. It is noteworthy that in the case of using these models, the joining area of the joinery products is significantly increased, making it extremely strong.

Conclusion

As you can see, purchase the right one manual machine– that’s not all. If you want to be able to carry out full processing wooden products, then you will also need to acquire high-quality appropriate cutters, each of which is used to perform strictly certain tasks. You will also need to be careful and attentive.

The video in this article will reveal to you Additional materials, which are directly related to the information provided. Remember that a properly selected tool is the key to successfully completing the task!

If you have questions related to the above topic, you can ask them in the comments.

From this article you can find out what a cutting element such as a wood cutter for a hand router is. The text sets out a detailed classification of products: the main types and features of parts, their specifications And practical use. The article contains useful recommendations, which will help you decide on the choice of cutters for hand tools.

The manual router is a convenient and effective tool, intended for processing lumber, including shaped, as well as flat surfaces. In addition, this device is suitable for forming various technological recesses, for example, grooves, ridges, recesses for installing hinges. To do this, it is enough to buy cutters of the appropriate configuration. Each such element has individual design features and is used to perform specific functions.

Purpose of a hand cutter for wood:

Edge processing - involves the use of a cutter for merging wood for a manual router, when it is necessary to connect various workpieces together by connecting a tongue/groove.
Insertion of hinges and other fittings.
Decorating - in this case, cutters are used to form three-dimensional shapes on the surface of flat products, as well as for the production of wooden blanks with complex configurations.

Professionals know dozens of options for using cutters on a manual router. However, in order to correctly determine the choice of cutting parts for a tool, it is advisable to study the official classification of existing products. Once you understand what cutters are and the features of their use, it will be much easier to make a choice.

First of all, you need to pay attention to the unit of measurement for the diameter of the shank. This can be done in millimeters or inches. The unit of measurement depends on the type of collets that are included with the router. These components are designed to clamp the shank. If the size is calculated in millimeters, then the most common options will be products with a diameter of 6, 12 and 8 mm. If inches are taken as the unit of measurement, in this case it will be possible to buy cutters for a hand router in only two sizes - ½ and ¼.

Note! You cannot combine a millimeter shank and an inch collet and vice versa. This may cause the tool to break.

Types of cutters for a manual wood router: typesdesigns

There are dozens of product options on the market with for various purposes and cost. If we consider the design features cutting elements, we can highlight the following types wood cutters for hand router:

Prefabricated - have the form of blanks with welded cutting edges. These cutters are very easy to manufacture, which is why most products on the market have a similar design.
With replaceable edges – products are equipped with replaceable cutting edges that have double-sided sharpening. When the knife becomes dull on one side, the cutter can be turned over and used further.
Monolithic - cutters, the base of which is machined cutting edges. They rarely break, but after several sharpenings the part will have to be replaced.

Types of wood cutters: classification of products by blade type

Milling cutters can have vertical, spiral or inclined blades. Products with straight edges will cut pieces of wood from the workpiece, increasing the likelihood that chips will appear during the cutting process. As a result, the quality of milling is significantly reduced. This does not happen with angled blades.

Consumers can buy wood cutters with two types of blades:

High-speed cutting (HM) - used on surfaces made of soft wood.
Carbide (HSS) – used for machining hard surfaces.

Products with carbide blades have a higher temperature coefficient and have improved characteristics, which affects their cost.

Classification of cutters: overview of the main types of products

Milling cutters are rotating parts studded with teeth. These elements are available in various configurations. Milling cutters can be used for processing metal and plastic surfaces, but they are most often used for working with wood.

The following types of products are distinguished:

end;
end;
cylindrical or slotted straight;
shaped elements, which can be both groove and edge;
disk, etc.

Helpful advice! If you periodically lubricate the support bearing, you can increase the life of the part.

Features of wood end mills for hand tools

Wood end mills for a hand router have cutting edges on end side working part. Moreover, they work not only through the application of axial load. These cutters also use side edges, which makes it possible to move the rotating element in the plane of the support pad on the router. As a result of this, it is possible to obtain various selections and grooves in the wood. Such parts may have a different number of cutting edges, which affects the cleanliness of the processing.

In most cases end mills have monolithic structure, but sometimes you can also find composite ones, for example, crown ones, used as cutters for wood drills. This option is used in cases where there is no manual router at hand.

end;
spiral;
burrs;

profile;
conical;
spherical.

Wood end mills are used to form grooves of various configurations and sizes. They are suitable not only for making wooden products, but also for creating tongue and groove joints. Therefore, end mills are often classified as slotted products.

Profile cutters represent a wide group of components for performing the following tasks:

end processing;
formation of grooves with a complex configuration;
decorating the surface with ornaments.

Wood burrs have another name - cutters. They are designed for making holes with a specific configuration. Such cutters are used at the intermediate stage of processing. In addition, they can be used to finalize the configuration of some parts.

Classification of edge cutters for wood for a manual router

Edge cutters are the most common group, since hand tools are most often used for making edges on wood products. Even in large sets, the bulk of the parts are edge cutters. This option is more preferable for home craftsmen. It is easier to buy a set of wood cutters for a hand router than to select these elements one by one.

This group includes:

profile - to give an intricate shape to the edges of the product;
molded or shaped - to round the edge, thereby obtaining a convex shape of ¼ of the circle;
conical – designed for chamfering at an angle, the most common option is 45 °;
disc cutters on wood - to form grooves in the edge part of the product;
folded - designed for cutting out quarters in the edge part of the product;

fillet - used to make grooves in the edge on ¼ of a circle;
figurine - designed for making panel edges.

In most cases, edge cutters are equipped with a thrust bearing. This element limits the movement of the tool, preventing it from sinking into the wood. Wherein cutting part parts can be located above or below the bearing. Having installed support platform tool to a certain position, you can adjust the depth of the cutter reach.

Helpful advice! If the cutter makes large cuts, it is advisable to carry out the processing process of the product in several stages, each time deepening it into the material until the support bearing operates.

In some cases, there is no bearing in the cutter design. To work with such a part, you will need a template and a copy sleeve or parallel stop. The size of molding cutters depends on the height of the cutting part. If the profile has several curves, then the manufacturer indicates the dimensions of the large diameter, which can be obtained using such a part. Moreover, the distance between the cutting parts can be adjusted at your discretion.

Horizontal type figurine cutters have a large diameter and weight. Such elements require a lot of cutting force, for this reason they are manufactured exclusively with a 12 mm shank. These cutters are designed for a router with a stationary structure.

Related article:

TO accessories, operating instructions. Recommendations for choosing designs and a review of the best models.

Classification of groove cutters for wood for a manual router

The main purpose of a groove cutter for wood is to make grooves in wood - grooves.

There are several types of such cutters:

fillets - these parts are designed for making semicircular grooves;
conical - elements are used for applying threads to flat surfaces;
spiral cutters for wood for a manual router - in many ways similar to end elements. However, they have a more pronounced cutting edge located with outside. Essentially, the design of a spiral wood router is similar to a drill bit;

T-shaped cutters for forming grooves of the appropriate shape;
Dovetail elements;
shaped;
slotted straight cutters for wood – cylindrical parts, forming a groove with a rectangular cross-section;
combined - cutters are used to connect large-sized wooden panels.

Combination elements include tenon/groove cutters. Most often, such elements have a monolithic design, but there are also options equipped with carbide cutting edges. They are used for joining workpieces.

Copy cutters or straight cutters are the smallest group of components for a manual router. Between themselves, these parts differ in the number of cutting edges, sizes, as well as the nature of the placement of thrust surfaces and bearings, which can be located both above and below. There are also options with double-sided placement in relation to the cutting part. During operation, the bearing moves according to a template, making it possible to obtain a part of the required configuration from a workpiece.

The head of fillet cutters has a rounded shape. The resulting groove in cross-section looks like the letter “U”. The walls of the recess can be rounded immediately at the surface or located at a right angle for some time. It depends on the depth of the cut.

Note! Although a fillet is considered a semicircular notch, cutters that form a V-shaped groove are also included in this category. If during the work you need to make grooves with different angles slope of the walls, it is advisable to have a corresponding set of wood cutters for a manual router, where there are cutting elements of different configurations.

Wood cutter for hand router: choosing the optimal set for the job

Purchasing the right woodworking tool is not a guarantee. excellent result. To ensure accurate and high-quality processing of the material, it is advisable to purchase good equipment. For these purposes, sets of wood cutters for a hand router are designed, which include a set of cutting parts suitable for performing specific jobs.

What are the best wood cutters to buy for a hand router?

When choosing equipment for a hand router, you need to pay attention to the main criteria:

Workmanship.
Thermal strength level.
Type of connection between the cutting part and the shank.
Solder material.

Before purchasing a set of wood cutters, you should pay attention to the quality of the soldering. It must be done so that during long-term operation the tool does not lose its longitudinal stability. This is especially true in cases where the work uses products made from hard wood, for example, pear, hornbeam, oak, etc.

The following grades of solder are considered high quality: PSr 37.5 and PS p40. They are characterized by a high content of copper and silver. If a material of a different brand is used for soldering the plates and shank, most likely it contains nickel, which does not provide the required level of strength of the joints. It is not allowed to use elements in cutter sets for hand routers in which the working cutting part is connected to the shank welded method. This kind of equipment is not the best option.

Monolithic cutters also need to be checked for the hardness of the material of manufacture. This operation can be performed at home. To do this, just go over the working part of the cutter with a calibrated file. If no visible marks remain on the surface, then the element is made of quality material. The optimal hardness is 58-62 HRC.

Note! The quality of work also depends on the availability additional accessories. Therefore, it is advisable to purchase a set of templates and stops.

A brief overview of the catalog of Enkor cutters for a manual router

Very often, manufacturers offer craftsmen to purchase a ready-made set designed to perform the same type of work. For example, some Encor wood cutters for a manual router are combined into kits that allow you to achieve a certain result. Such sets are used to make identical joints or wooden products. Moreover, in the second case, the cutters allow you to complete a full processing cycle.

In the catalog of Enkor cutters there are sets with different amounts elements. For example, a set consisting of two combination frame cutters with a 12 mm shank can be used to create frame products. These elements are designed not only to form the inner edge. They can be used as corner joint cutters for a hand router.

With the help of such a set you can create not only frame products, for example, thin window frames, but also splice wooden boards into large shields.

Of course, each of the cutters in this set can act as an independent element with which you can perform other operations on processing wooden products.

Consumers can buy a set of Enkor wood cutters for making lining. Using these elements, you can form the edge of wooden products, which can later be used for interior finishing works. In addition, the manufacturer offers sets of decorative cutters, which can include from 4 to 12 elements with different configurations. The average price of sets ranges from 1370 to 8300 rubles.

Review of the catalog of wood cutters for the SMT manual router

Products Italian manufacturer SMT is in high demand among consumers. On sale are individual cutting elements and entire sets designed to perform various jobs.

The catalog contains the following types of SMT cutters for wood for a manual router:

groove and end;
overtaking;
for furniture strapping and splicing;
disk;
T-shaped and Dovetail;
paneled;
edge molding;
profile;
jointing and chamfering.

The kits offered by the manufacturer are designed to perform certain types of work or to form specific connections. The buyer can purchase ready set, intended for the manufacture of doors, furniture facades, lining, strapping and various bindings. The cost of the sets varies between 5610-63000 rubles.

Buying hand cutters for wood: prices for popular types of products

Wood cutters are suitable not only for making products from solid wood. These elements can be used for processing lumber such as plywood, chipboard, veneer, fiberboard, etc.

Average prices for Enkor cutters:

Type of cutters	Type	price, rub.
Grooved	V-shaped fillets	from 185
	Direct	from 189
	Shaped	from 190
	Structural T-shaped	from 202
	Structural	from 206
	Fillet	from 212
Edge	Direct	from 220
	Mouldings	from 287
	Conical	from 352
	Folded	from 405
	Half-rod	from 519
	Fillet	from 550
	Curly	from 615
	Adjustable moulders	from 1500
	Multidisciplinary	from 1570
Combined	Universal	from 1130
Combined	Framework	from 2160

The existing range of components for a hand router has several classification options. These products differ in design, tooth structure, and material of manufacture. By selecting a cutter with the necessary characteristics, you can create an edge, grooves, ledges, grooves and other elements of the desired size and configuration in a wooden workpiece. In addition, cutting parts are used to install various functional and structural elements. For example, hinges, locks, latches.

Processing manufactured parts with a milling machine offers many possibilities. Parts with the necessary grooves and grooves various shapes necessary for quality finishing. Operations for working with manual woodworking equipment are carried out special tool- cutters. Each type of action involves a separate type of equipment used.

Classification and types of cutters for wood processing

Power tools for working with lumber – milling cutter manual type. The surfaces of parts made of wood are subject to work using special devices. The manufacture of products that require the necessary grooves, recesses and recesses involves the use. Before you begin, you need to purchase equipment designed for specific purposes according to the product configuration.

The choice of tools for processing wood occurs according to the specifications of the crafts. Professionals have sufficient experience and skills to use the right equipment. A wood cutter has many purposes:

In edging, it is used to join workpieces together by splicing grooves.
Making recesses for use, installation of hinges, and other devices.
Making decor - in in this case a cutter is used to make a design or in woodworking processes with a complex configuration.

The tool differs greatly in the type of configurations and purpose. Before starting any actions with wood, it is necessary to determine the type and types used for the preparation. The unit of measurement for the tail is calculated in millimeters or inches, depending on the type of router used. Common options are types of cutters with a diameter of 6 to 12 mm. It is worth emphasizing that the use of an inch collet and a millimeter tail is unacceptable, as this can cause equipment failure or injury.

Manufacturers of the kits provide various modifications. The construction market has big choice types of cutters of a hand router, depending on the purpose and the material used in the manufacture. Equipment hand-held device can be used for processing plastic and metal, but is most widespread in wood processing. The main types of wood working.

The production of grooves and the formation of recesses are carried out using end milling cutters.
Grooved, the cylindrical wood cutter used cuts the required rectangular groove.
Shaped wood tools are used in shaped recesses and edges, allowing you to add uniqueness to the product.
The edges are made in a bearing design, which allows the product to be manufactured according to a template.

It is important to remember that the presence of a bearing in hand cutter implies it Maintenance. Rotating element needs to be lubricated thin layer, this action performed to ensure long tool life.

End mills

The end devices are similar in design and appearance to a conventional drill. Distinctive feature is the absence of a conical part at the end of the cutter. On the end part, located at an angle of 90 degrees to the sides, cutting teeth are made. Design feature allows you to perform various operations. The main types of work performed include:

Manufacturing of products with grooves of a certain depth and through holes.
Cut out the products.
Drilling or processing the edges of a part.

The main functions of a manual end-mill milling cutter include obtaining grooves for locks and hinges installed in doors into parts. The kit is multifunctional; with the help of prepared equipment and a competent approach, you can perform many interesting elements.

Edge cutters for wood

Edge tools are used to produce various types of edges and recesses. Wood products can be processed using a manual router with edge cutters and fully processed. The edge type is the most common in use and has many modifications:

Profile sets process parts in such a way as to give the required shape to the edges.
With moulders, it is possible to round the edge of a part by a quarter of a circle.
Conical ones remove a chamfer, the angle of which is often 45 degrees.
Disc machines are used to produce chamfers in parts, making subsequent connections possible.
Folded ones process the part from the edge, leaving a quarter of the height.
Fillings are necessary for making a groove, which is drawn into a quarter circle.

Wood edge cutters used for hand routers are often equipped with a bearing, the function of which is to limit the depth necessary processing. The overhang of adjustment of the processing area is made by adjustment on the tool itself. Machining large parts requires many attempts. A hand router is used to work on wood in several stages until the thrust bearing begins to operate.

Groove cutters for wood

The main purpose of the type of grooves for wood is to make grooves using hand power tools. There are enough varieties of devices, slot cutter, allows you to perform woodworking operations with a hand router. Main types of slot cutters:

Spiral, drill-like, formed with a helical edge external type. They make it possible to produce parts with recesses and grooves with right angles.
Fillet - made with a rounded tip.
Conical ones are often used for operations with planes.
Shaped ones allow you to make recesses of the required structure.
"T" shaped, dovetail cutters.
Combined ones are used when docking wooden parts big size.

Most types are made in a monolithic format; accessories made of carbide metal are less common.

Copy cutters

The least common type of attachment when performing woodworking tasks with hand-held tools is copy cutters. Distinctive features are the numerous types of cutting elements, different locations of thrust bearings and small sizes. The milling head for wood crafts is arranged in the shape of an arc. The depth into the part depends on the processing angle.

Using a tool according to a template allows you to achieve the desired result when working with wooden blanks. It is necessary to use a hand router with precision and caution; failure to comply with the requirements may lead to damage to the part or electrical equipment.

Designs of cutters and their influence on the technology of milling operations

The instruments under consideration are divided into several main categories, classified by type and purpose. They perform their functions not only under axial load, but have the ability to move during operation due to the presence of side edges. Cutting edges, or rather their number, directly depends on the quality of the actions performed by a manual router.

The tool used for processing is considered to be a manual milling cutter. There are crown-type tools; they allow you to perform work with an ordinary drill. In this case, milling head, used on wood, serves as edge processing and making simple holes.

The design and production of products with grooves of the required depth and size is carried out using end mills. Knives used for wood milling are subject to considerable loads. Preventing unnecessary machining is achieved through the use of bearings. Hand router end mills allow you to create joints wooden structures using a tongue/groove system.

To make on wood required hole, you will need a burr. In most cases, such a tool is used for intermediate processing. The cutters allow you to “open” the hole to the required depth, after which further actions are performed.

Types of cutter design

There are many designs and varieties of equipment for a manual woodworking machine. When choosing a tool, you should pay attention to the purpose and design of the equipment. The sharpening shape of cutters can be of two types - screw and straight. Using a straight form of sharpening can lead to rapid damage to the equipment, and final product It may turn out to have potholes and burrs.

For woodworking with a hand router, the most the best option becomes the use of a tool with a helical line of teeth. The only drawback is that sharpening is impossible with improvised means; to restore its former sharpness, you need to use special equipment. When using cutters for working with a hand router on wood, you should pay attention to the sharpening angle. Wooden surface in the best possible way is processed with a tool whose sharpening angle is no more than 90 degrees. The design provides for efficient chip removal, thereby achieving maximum tool performance.

Prefabricated

The most common type on the market is prefabricated. Consists of a blank with welded edges on top. Simple manufacturing makes them most attractive to the manufacturer. The relatively low price allows you not to waste time on sharpening, but simply replace it with a new one if it loses its sharpness.

With replaceable cutting edges

Cutters with replaceable edges. They have replaceable cutting edges; when the knife loses sharpness on one side, it is possible to turn the tool over and continue working.

Monolithic

Monolithic type cutters have cutting edges at the base. They are characterized by increased strength, however, after short work and subsequent sharpening, the part quickly loses its cutting properties.

Types of cutter blades

The materials used in the manufacture of wood cutters differ in some characteristics. The first type of material is high speed steel. Products that are made from of this material, are marked with HSS symbols. Hand tools, using this type of equipment, it will be easy to process soft wood. Thanks to the sharpened properties, the working speed increases in relation to the solid cutter.

The cutting part can be made of carbide metals. Such products are designated HM and are primarily used in the processing of hardwood. Distinctive feature is strength and resistance to elevated temperatures. It will be difficult to qualitatively process soft wood with such a cutter, since the frequency of actions performed is noticeably different from high-speed materials.

Functional cutter sets

You can often find functional sets on sale that consist of two or more elements. This set includes accessories and attachments for a wood router. The main purpose of such kits is to process two or more parts to obtain similar connections. For example, there is a set of 2 cutters, one of which forms an edge inside the product, and the second allows you to make a groove part.

There are universal options that, due to their design, can be used in for various purposes. The collapsible part involves replacing the cutter blades, after which work with wood is carried out.

It is worth noting that the presence of a table for storing all types of equipment accessories will reduce the time for the actions performed, and it is also possible to build something similar milling machine. By installing movable stops on the table, the master expands the range of possibilities of the tool for woodworking.

Areas of application

The use of any type of equipment involves dangerous work with rotating elements. When working with wood, you must remember safety precautions. Complex elements cannot be completed in one approach; the edges of the cutter must be sharpened for the best result.

When getting started, you should understand what type of cutter you need to use. The tool of the edge category has become very widespread. This category makes it possible to perform almost all types of woodworking with your own hands. Slotted or cylindrical cutters are used mainly for making recesses at the ends of the material.

How to choose a wood cutter for a hand router

The choice of cutters on the building materials market is very rich. The price range is varied; it is not always possible to determine whether the purchase is being made correctly. It is necessary to adhere to several basic conditions for the right choice wood cutters.

Quality. It is worth paying attention to appearance details. The product must be free of burrs, have high-quality threads and seats.
Thermal strength is indicated in the passport; the higher, the better and more reliable for further use.
The solder material, as well as the connection between the tail and the part responsible for cutting.

The quality of soldering of the product plays an important role when working with lumber. Then, when working with hard wood, a certain margin of safety of the tool is required. Solder is divided into types and brands; when purchasing, you need to pay attention to its quality in the cutter. It is advisable to pay attention to a tool whose solder grade is not lower than PSR 37.5. The higher the number, the better performance reliability, quality of parts. The brand is indicated by the amount of copper and silver in its composition. When connecting by welding, using a router becomes unsafe and pointless.

Monolithic cutters must be inspected before use. The quality of the metal is determined by the cut. If noticeable scratches or cracks appear, then you should put this tool aside. The optimal metal hardness is from 58 units. The quality of work performed with a manual router directly depends on the availability of devices and kits.

Selection the necessary tool the right way to good result when working with wood. A cutter made for a wood router must meet all standards and be of high quality. There are many kits that are designed for woodworking. A high-quality kit guarantees not only completed tasks, but also safe operation.

Milling cutters for a hand router are the most popular type of equipment at the moment, with the help of which ordinary wooden blocks turn into a work of art. Let's look at the main differences between wood cutters and their division into classes and types.

Slot cutters

They are also called end ones, can withstand radial loads and are designed for drilling slots.

Straight slot cutters

They have parallel cutting edges that, when rotated, outline a cylindrical surface. They process straight grooves, and in combination with a copy sleeve, thin ones of this type are suitable for cutting curved flat workpieces according to a template. Their dimension is determined by the diameter and length of the cutting part.

Fillet V-groove cutters

They leave a straight groove with a corner at the bottom. A similar profile is applicable as an element of decorative carving or as a kind of guide for moving, for example, a drawer, which is sometimes found in old furniture.

Structural groove cutters

Designed for making connections, for example " dovetail", or an inverted T-slot.

The same cutter can be used to produce simple box joints for lightly loaded boxes, such as boxes. Their dimension is determined by the maximum diameter, angle of inclination and height of the working part.

Let's start with a review of combined frame cutters from Anchor.

Milling cutters for micro-tenon splicing, or “mouse tooth”

Typically used for splicing long workpieces lengthwise. But such cutters can also be used in another way: attaching a face to an end in order to obtain decorative effects or make wide shields.

Shaped slot cutters

As the name suggests, they are designed for grooves with shaped side surfaces. Of course, when using rip fence or copy sleeve It is quite possible to process the edges of workpieces with them.

The choice of such cutters is quite large, and the dimension is determined as largest diameter, radii of side recesses or convexities and height of the cutting part.