When conducting construction work, or during processing wooden products(this is not uncommon even in modern apartment), rises into the air a large number of dust. It settles on all horizontal surfaces; it is impossible to remove this debris with a broom and a wet cloth.
It is best to remove dirt with a vacuum cleaner
Use during repairs or construction work household vacuum cleaner not realistic, the filter of a conventional unit instantly becomes clogged. At one time, a vacuum cleaner of the “cyclone” type was invented, which works on the principle of a separator: heavy particles of debris are separated from air of medium pollution and settle in a container, bypassing the filter element.
Relatively fresh air passes through the filter without contaminating it too quickly. This technology has found its application both in stationary ventilation systems(for example, in sawmills or flour mills), and in household electrical appliances.
It is more convenient to remove construction dust with a cyclone vacuum cleaner, but a household unit will only help clean the floor after drilling several holes in the wall. For large-scale construction it is necessary professional device.
You can remove cement dust or prepare the surface for pouring a liquid floor only with the help of construction vacuum cleaner.
This technique does its job perfectly, but you have to pay a lot of money for it. If professional cleaning If you need it irregularly, you can make a construction vacuum cleaner with your own hands.
Two concepts for construction vacuum cleaners
The task of any vacuum cleaner, especially a construction one, is to remove as much dust and debris as possible without raising dust into the air. In this regard, designers are struggling with various filters, two of which are the main ones. Let's consider them.
Device with water filter
Aqua vacuum cleaners are produced industrially, including for the home. The essence of the work is as follows: the input flow of contaminated air passes through a container of water, dust remains in the liquid, and from the outlet pipe we receive purified air.
Homemade water filter for a regular vacuum cleaner - video
Advantages this method: perfect cleaning even from the smallest particles. Disadvantages: required high power unit (a significant part of the energy is lost in overcoming the resistance of water), water vapor has a detrimental effect on the electric motor.
Important! If you use such a vacuum cleaner to remove construction dust containing gypsum or cement, you must immediately pour out dirty water after cleaning. Otherwise, the sediment may harden.
For production you will need following materials:
- plastic container with tight-fitting lid
- plastic sewer pipes suitable diameter
- sealant
- aluminum tape(you can use tape to connect floor insulation or linoleum).
Many of us often sit in front of the computer: some work, others play games, but in any case, sometimes it is necessary to clean up the work or play space, namely computer desk, keyboard, on which dust, crumbs, and so on accumulate. Especially for such cases, you can purchase a mini USB vacuum cleaner in specialized stores, but you can make it yourself from improvised materials.
Watch the manufacturing process of a mini USB vacuum cleaner in the video:
So, to make our own mini vacuum cleaner we will need a 50 ml syringe, a piece of tin plate, a motor, a felt-tip pen, scissors, a glue gun and a USB cord from an old one. charger, mouse or keyboard.
The first step is to take care of the turbine, which will suck up dust. To do this, you need to cut a circle from a tin plate under inner diameter syringe, which by the way is equal to the diameter of the syringe piston. To cut a circle, you just need to place the piston on the plate, trace it with a felt-tip pen and cut out the resulting circle with scissors.
After this, you need to divide the circle into eight equal parts, draw another small circle in the middle using a toothpaste cap or medicinal gel.
After this, all that remains is to make radial cuts and slightly bend the turbine blades, making another hole in the very middle for mounting on the motor.
The next thing you need to do is take a regular disk holder and cut off all the excess parts, leaving the middle one and glue the turbine to it using glue gun. After this, all that remains is to attach the turbine to the motor.
In order for air to pass through the body of the mini vacuum cleaner freely and the motor not to be overloaded, you need to make two small slits in the syringe piston and glue the motor strictly in the center.
There are no particular difficulties with the upper part of the vacuum cleaner: you just need to glue the neck plastic bottle along with a plug in which you need to make a hole and insert a tube through it.
How to make a vacuum cleaner? A homemade unit assumes the presence of a 6000 rpm engine. This part can be removed from the juicer. Please note that not all electrical appliance motors are designed to long service. Therefore, when choosing a motor, follow the rule: the motor must withstand a heavy load and have protection against overheating.
What to do if you can’t find anything other than the juicer part?
In this case, it is recommended to equip it with a thermal fuse designed for 126 ºС. The copper cross-section must correspond to the power dissipation, so this temperature may not be suitable for the motor you choose. It should be noted that the limit of 130 ºС is the average value for which most transformers are designed.
What can you take as the basis for a homemade unit?
Many people are interested in how to make a vacuum cleaner with their own hands.
You can take as a basis:
- A hood motor with an Axial model will not work, as it is used in models in the cheap segment and does not have the required power.
- The engine of a disused vacuum cleaner.
- Engine washing machine.
- Refrigeration compressor motor.
Refrigerator Engine Application
How to make a vacuum cleaner from It will be difficult to select a part, since the shaft rotation speed is different models refrigerated trucks vary. If you are assembling a vacuum cleaner, then a strict 6000 rpm will be required. Old rocker type compressors are designed for 3000 rpm.
Crank modifications have half the speed, and linear inverter units are not at all suitable for assembly.
There is an electric motor inside a piston compressor. If you cut the housing and remove the motor, it will be suitable for any purpose. He has high power and silent operation.
Asynchronous motors are rarely used. For example, a manifold configuration operates from a wall outlet if speed control is not required.
Using a washing machine motor
The design of washing machines assumes the presence of a commutator motor. The speed of its operation is controlled using a thyristor switch. If the motor is powered directly from the outlet, the speed will become high, but it will not reach 6000 in the absence of a belt drive. In this case, the spin function is quite achievable.
How to make the unit suck in dust?
IN commercials People often talk about the vacuum created in a vacuum cleaner. The engine supposedly contributes to the vacuum, into which the drawn air flow rushes. But is this really so? Most likely not, because with negative pressure a bypass valve is connected to ensure equilibrium. But this is not the essence of the work. To suck in dust, a hermetically sealed housing is used, thanks to which a flow of nitrogen and oxygen molecules rushes into the in the right direction. The container does not play any role in this case.
If you stick to the factory configuration, you need a bucket made of steel or plastic, the bottom of which has a hole for air intake. The motor is mounted on the axle, and something similar to a squirrel cage is installed on the shaft. The air flow is captured by the blades and thrown out to the perimeter. This ensures traction. A hose is sealed to the bottom. We will assume that assembling the vacuum cleaner with your own hands is completed.
How does a mini vacuum cleaner work?
How to make a mini vacuum cleaner? The speed of the unit is adjusted according to thyristor circuit. Any electronic part from an old vacuum cleaner, washing machine or food processor will come in handy.
The main thing is the cutting method, not the engine power. But the key also overheats. It is easy to understand whether it corresponds if you compare the power of the device from which the circuit was removed with the power of the engine. If the thyristor indicator is low, then it is recommended to attach a radiator to it, and forced cooling is already available.
How to make a container for a homemade vacuum cleaner?
The vacuum cleaner is designed in such a way that it will not work without a container.
For homemade unit will fit:
- ordinary bag;
- container filled with water;
- cyclone chamber.
Filtering the bag is problematic. If you will be vacuuming crumbs from the table, this design will work. The type of container is selected according to the type of waste. For example, it is better to collect dust using a filter with water or a cyclone chamber. Both types of containers are easy to construct. The unit itself turns out to be stationary. If a gardener uses such a device, it can be placed on a cart and moved throughout the garden.
The cost of stationary models of vacuum cleaners is high, so homemade design it will come in handy.
The most simple model container - a large tank filled with water. It plays the role of an aqua filter. In this case, the dust will sink. The inlet hole of the hose is made taking into account that the flow collides with a water barrier. An ordinary flat-bottomed box is filled two-thirds with water. In addition, a partition hangs from the ceiling above the surface of the filter. All the dust settles in the water and drowns. This device requires periodic cleaning. This design will not be suitable for working in the garden, since the weight of water is large. Therefore, it is replaced with air.
When assembling garden vacuum cleaners with your own hands, adhere to the following rules:
- The air enters tangentially into a tall barrel.
- Along the axis of the container, up to approximately two-thirds of the height, there is a pipe that provides an outlet.
- The garbage settles to the bottom due to the fact that it is carried to the periphery by centrifugal force.
- The air flow exits in the center.
- The smallest particles penetrate the engine in any case. Therefore, it is recommended to equip the container with a HEPA filter at the outlet. It's not worth saving on this. Otherwise, you will have to constantly lubricate the engine. If the vacuum cleaner sucks in water, it will end up in the barrel.
This homemade vacuum cleaner is great for a gardener. The unit can also be made universal. For example, cut a barrel to the diameter of a tank with standard sizes and equip the device with a van for transportation. This way it would be possible to clean up an entire park.
How to make a mini vacuum cleaner from a plastic bottle?
Today, almost everyone has a computer at home. As you know, its body periodically becomes clogged with dust, which interferes with the cooling of many parts. The circuits should be vacuumed from time to time. To make the process easier, you can use a homemade mini vacuum cleaner.
To manufacture the unit you need:
- computer fan;
- plastic bottle;
- hose;
- polystyrene;
- power supply 220 V/14 V;
- insulating tape;
- paralon
Progress
- A plastic bottle is cut in half. Take the part that remains with the cork. A filter is cut out of foam rubber. It is inserted into the neck. The material should fit tightly.
- A hole is threaded through the plug into which the hose is inserted.
- The cork is screwed onto the bottle.
- Take a fan from a computer (its corners are smoothed). It is inserted into the bottle in such a way that during operation the air flow flows towards the wide side of the bottle.
- The place where the cooler is located is wrapped with insulating tape. Wire is used for strong fixation.
- The power supply is connected to the fan. The red wire is connected to the positive side, and the black wire to the negative side.
How to make an industrial vacuum cleaner with your own hands?
How to make appointments? The basis of one of these units is the Ural PN-600 model.
You will need:
- Bulgarian;
- a pipe with a diameter of 4 cm and a length of 20 cm;
- plastic bucket with handle and lid;
- scotch;
- insulating tape;
- drill;
- self-tapping screws;
- glue;
- medical bandage
Stages of work
- First of all, the Ural garbage collector should be modified. For this purpose, use a screwdriver to unscrew the wheels from the very bottom. The holes are sealed with tape.
- Then you will need a grinder, with which you can remove the latches and fasteners. A plug is installed, rewound with insulating tape.
- A hole with a diameter of 43 mm is drilled in the bottom.
- Gaskets with a thickness of 4 mm are cut from the seal.
- A gasket, a bucket lid and a centering pipe are placed in the garbage container.
- Using a drill, a hole with a diameter of 2 mm is made.
- The cover is fixed with 4.2x10 mm self-tapping screws.
- An external hole is made for the suction pipe. It is marked at an angle of 15º. The hole is cut with metal scissors.
- The pipe is secured with self-tapping screws. To seal, use an ordinary medical bandage, which is impregnated with Titan glue. The bandage is wound around the pipe.
Second way
To assemble the unit using the second method you will need:
- old home vacuum cleaner;
- oil-based filter;
- 20 liter bucket with a tight-fitting lid;
- PP angles 90º and 45º with a diameter of 40 mm;
- meter of plastic pipe with a diameter of 45 mm (a corrugated pipe 2 m long and 40 mm in diameter is suitable).
Assembling the device
- First, take the lid of the bucket. A hole is cut in it at an angle of 90º. Then a corner of the same size is inserted.
- When the corner is inserted into the lid, all the cracks are covered with glue using a construction gun.
- A slot is made in the side of the bucket into which a 45º angle is inserted. All cracks are also covered with glue.
- To connect the corrugation to the corner, you need to cut a piece of pipe with a diameter of 40 mm. The corrugation should fit tightly. If it does not fit on the inlet pipe, then you can resort to using a siphon model on the kitchen sink.
- The narrow end of the corrugation is adjusted to a forty-millimeter pipe. The other end is connected to the opening of the vacuum cleaner.
- To extend the service life of the filter, a nylon stocking should be placed over it.
Can an old vacuum cleaner come in handy?
Available at home old vacuum cleaner. What can be made from an unnecessary unit?
If the device works, then it can be used for another purpose. Some methods require technical training, since alteration of equipment is dangerous. In particular, you should understand the principle of operation of motors.
This article will describe the safest methods.
Air injection device
If you connect a hose to the outlet available in most models, you can get a unit for inflating rubber mattresses, children's pools and other similar things. In this case, the vacuum cleaner container needs to be pre-cleaned from debris.
What can you do with a Typhoon vacuum cleaner?
What to make from an old Typhoon vacuum cleaner? The operating principle of the unit is different high level productivity.
The housing of a Soviet-made vacuum cleaner is perfect would be better suited to create a device for grinding grass. It has a top hole of suitable diameter. Typhoon is an excellent option, but not the only one.
What else can be used?
- The body of the device can be replaced with a cylinder-shaped container. For example, a pan, a bucket or a piece of pipe is used.
- The 180 Watt motor is taken from an old washing machine.
- Used as knives hacksaw blade. You will need a profile for the stand rectangular shape size 15x15 mm.
- The bushing for attaching knives is machined onto lathe. Its height is 40 mm.
- The motor with the pulley removed is attached using pins from below to the container.
- To clamp the knives, water nuts with a diameter of 32 mm are used.
- A hole is cut for the motor shaft.
- For reliable fixation on the shaft, a pair of holes with a diameter of 7 mm and an M8 thread for locking bolts are made in the bushing.
- On the motor shaft with reverse side The pads are machined to increase the level of reliability of fastening the bushing with locking bolts.
Making a grain crusher
To make a grain crusher, a person must have experience working with equipment. Self-production devices without appropriate knowledge is not recommended.
- Take a sheet of plywood square shape. An electric motor is mounted on it so that the shaft goes down 40 mm.
- The steel plate is installed on a threaded tail. It is secured with nuts, bushings and washers.
- The leading edges are sharpened on both sides of the axle.
- The axial hole is made in the middle of the plate.
- To create the working chamber of the future unit, a ring-shaped housing is made. Its basis is Correct design details involves arching the ribs of the rings outward. They should form 10 mm flanges. It is with their help that the body is attached to the base. A sieve is screwed onto them.
Making an attraction for children
What can you make from an old vacuum cleaner for children? If the unit's motor is running, it can be used for an attraction.
For this purpose, the tennis ball is pierced through with a pin, so that the ends of the pin are on both sides of the ball.
After this, the propeller is manufactured. A polystyrene jar is used. The propeller is attached on top of the ball. One strip is enough for it. It is cut using scissors.
The propeller is pierced in the middle and placed on the axis of the pin. For speed and ease of rotation, it is recommended to make bearings from beads. They are attached to both sides of the strip.
The upper edge of the pin is bent so that there is no large play on the axis.
Such a ball can be launched into the air through an exit hole. If desired, the ball is decorated with sparkles.
Conclusion
This article described how to make a vacuum cleaner. There are many assembly options. It was also described what can be made from a vacuum cleaner.
Remember that without the appropriate technical knowledge you should not get down to business. In this case, it will be difficult to make a vacuum cleaner yourself. It is better to seek help from a specialist.
At the moment, the market is flooded with not only universal, but also special industrial ones. But if you want to save money on buying them, you can try making your own.
Such devices are quite expensive, but they are necessary during repair work to quickly clean up your workplace after yourself. Using an ordinary vacuum cleaner you will not be able to achieve High Quality cleaning, as they are not designed for such garbage.
Household models are not able to quickly and efficiently clean surfaces from oil, chips, fragments of plastic, glass, etc.
Before you make such a vacuum cleaner, you need to decide with the scope of work, since some models are designed for cleaning liquids or even small crushed stones. Once the operating principle has been determined, all other parameters should be considered.
There are many real examples self-creation industrial vacuum cleaners. Let's consider the option of manufacturing from old model"Rocket".
What will you need for the job?
If you have an old Raketa vacuum cleaner lying around at home, it will be great consumables to create a building (for more details about what else can be built, see the article).
In addition, you will need the following tools and materials:
- Bulgarian;
- screwdriver;
- bandage;
- pipe 200 mm long and 40 mm in diameter;
- metal scissors;
- plastic bucket with lid and handle;
- glue;
- insulating tape;
- drill.
- scotch;
- self-tapping screws
Let's start creating a construction vacuum cleaner
Initially you need to do garbage disposal, which needs improvement. Armed with a screwdriver, unscrew the wheels from the base of the vacuum cleaner and tightly seal all the resulting holes with tape. After the nameplate is removed, its hole must also be sealed with tape.
All fasteners are removed. Now, using a grinder, you need to free the body from all rivets and install a plug, previously wrapped with insulating tape. Next, make a hole in the bottom using a drill, 43-45 mm in size. A gasket is used as a gasket, approximately 3-5 mm in thickness.
In a trash container that has been converted, you need to add a gasket, a centering pipe and a bucket lid. Take a 2 mm drill and use a drill to make holes that will later hold the lid.
Next, holes are made outside the suction pipe. Before doing this, you need to make marks at an angle of 15 degrees. Using metal scissors, make a hole. After this, we attach the pipe using self-tapping screws. For maximum tightness, it is necessary to thoroughly saturate the bandage with glue and wrap it around the nozzle.
The nuances of such a device
In order to assemble your construction vacuum cleaner, you need to have on hand power unit , the revolutions of which must be at least 6,000. As for the available material, it can almost always be found at home. As a donor for the engine, you can use not only an old vacuum cleaner, but also a washing machine.
Some craftsmen use it for homemade vacuum cleaner power units from kitchen machines, but do not forget about their tendency to frequent breakdowns due to inability to withstand high loads.
If the power unit is found, then you need to take care of it tightness. You will also need a fan. Very often, an ordinary bucket is used as a body for a vacuum cleaner, in which a hole is made. Naturally, you need a container for garbage and a filter that can be used.
The presented videos show several variations of assembling a construction vacuum cleaner. It is recommended to study them if you decide to create a homemade model.