It is impossible to join a gas pipeline and a gas-consuming facility that is newly built and operating, as well as those that have not been accepted by a special commission, and is also prohibited. To connect such facilities, an act of acceptance for operation is required, in accordance with instructions approved by the head of the engineering department of the gas enterprise.
You can only join a gas pipeline system that is in operation when releasing gas into gas channels or objects. And at the end of the gas wire that is connected, it is necessary to install a barrier cap. If there is a special disconnect device at the end of the gas pipeline system, which means that the barrier cover must be installed after it. Gas supply channels to the premises are still preparatory stage, before the connection process, must be disconnected from the internal gas pipeline.
To commission a gas pipeline industrial production or agricultural or municipal enterprises must be notified of joining gas system enterprises to the city distribution source of the city gas service to launch the gas substance into the enterprise network. Also inform the district office of the city gas service by submitting a corresponding application from the enterprise.
Then, when the enterprise receives gas from the gas main, its gas pipeline must be connected to the gas main on the basis of an act on the acceptance of the gas system. Work on cutting into the gas main is carried out by a special gas service.
All gas pipeline structures and gas facilities, before connecting them, are subject to external inspection and pressure testing. Pressure testing is performed using air or inert gas. The process of crimping external gas pipelines of any pressure must be carried out under a pressure of 0.02 MPa. The pressure indicator may drop, but not more than 10 daPa per hour.
Control process of pressure testing of internal gas pipelines of industrial or agricultural enterprises, enterprises that serve the population and have production tasks, instruments and devices of the gas pipeline system must be performed under a pressure of 0.01 MPa. But the pressure indicator can only drop by no more than 60 daPa per hour.
Under a pressure of 500 daPa per hour, the internal gas pipeline system and equipment of the enterprise, which serves the population and has non-production tasks, residential buildings and public buildings. The pressure indicator when falling is no more than 20 daPa for five minutes.
Tank with liquefied gas, group gas pipeline system balloon installation are tested by a control process at a pressure of 0.3 MPa in an hourly period of time.
As a result, the tests can be considered positively completed, provided that there are no moments when the pressure drops or leaks. This is determined using a pressure gauge and a soap emulsion.
The results obtained are formalized in a report and written down in the order for performing dangerous tasks. gas works. The air pressure indicators in the gas pipeline system that is connected must be maintained until initial stage connection process and gas start-up.
In the case when gas pipelines that have passed the inspection and those that have been tested with control pressure indicators are not filled with gas, then in the conditions of restoration of gas startup work, they must undergo inspection and pressure testing again.
Gas injection and welding work on gas pipeline structures that operate in normal mode, if other gas systems are connected to them, it must be carried out under gas pressure within 40-150 daPa. These indicators are checked throughout the entire time period while the work is being carried out. In the event that the pressure begins to drop below 40 or rise above 150, cutting and welding work must be stopped. Monitor blood pressure readings required area necessary using the installed pressure gauge.
The moment the pressure indicators in the gas pipeline system decrease under the conditions of cutting in occurs with a special shut-off device or indicator regulator. If special devices are used that ensure complete safety and execution of processes at a high-quality level, it is allowed to connect without reducing the pressure indicators. The method by which the gas pipeline will be connected to the one that is already in operation is established by the enterprise.
The procedure for cutting into gas wires using gas is carried out according to the instructions developed by gas industry enterprises. The presence of persons outside the process, smoking and open fire It is prohibited to perform cutting-in work in the area.
Various holes on the ground during cutting work must be fenced off near the work site by posting warning signs: It is forbidden to pass!, It is forbidden to smoke! and Attention! Gas! Be careful!
It is also prohibited to introduce gas into a gas system unless it has been verified for integrity through inspection and testing procedures, in addition to ensuring that the gas fittings are in good working order and that the required barrier caps are in place. Gas is introduced into special equipment for residential premises before the residents of the house have moved into it.
When starting gas, gas pipeline structures must be purged until all the air is displaced. The completion of the blowdown can be determined by analysis or by burning the samples that are taken. In this case, oxygen should not be contained in the gas in more than 1%, and a test sample of the gas should burn without emissions and in a fairly measured manner.
When blowing out a gas pipeline, it is prohibited to spray a mixture of gas and air in the building, on staircases, in chimneys and in the ventilation system. The building where gas consuming appliances, gas pipelines, and gas equipment are located must be regularly ventilated when starting the gas substance.
In case of blowing through the gas pipeline, the mixture of gas and air should be released in an area that eliminates the risk of it passing into the room, in addition, where the formation of a flame from any fiery source is excluded.
When starting up a gas resource for the first time, you need to carefully ensure that it is supplied with pressure indicators that do not exceed those for which the gas pipeline system was designed. At the time of launch and immediately after this, it is necessary to vigilantly monitor the entire gas supply system, in the case of laying underground behind all objects, including a basement, well, buildings, which are located in an area within a radius of 15 meters from the gas source of the gas pipeline. Increased monitoring is necessary in winter and spring period, when a frozen soil mass above a gas pipeline structure can make it difficult for gas to escape from underground. Do not forget that when gas flows from a gas channel underground, it moves through the soil mass at a speed of up to 7 meters per hour.
Work processes related to connecting a new gas pipeline to an already fully operational one must be carried out by specially trained people under the supervision of specialists in the gas industry.
Work on joining gas network are considered gas hazardous, which are carried out according to a scheme that is pre-approved. Orders are made for such work. In the preparatory stage of the work process, a drawing of the connecting nodes is necessarily carried out, a method for connecting work is determined, the procedure for reducing pressure in the gas pipeline is calculated, of course, where it is required, and they are ensured in a stable condition for the entire period of connection. Also calculated necessary materials, protective equipment, rescue equipment, first aid equipment. In addition, barrier caps and valves on the gas line that is connected must be closed.
Connection methods
So, several ways are used to connect a new gas pipeline to an existing one, such as:
1. Connect using gas (low pressure readings within 40150);
2. Connect under high and medium pressure without reducing it, using special devices;
3. Connect the pipes, disconnecting them and freeing them from gas.
When performing work, there is an option to turn off the gas locally using a wooden disk, a piece of burlap, a clay mass, or a rubber chamber.
Connecting a new gas pipeline in a way when you need to disconnect the existing one, using a rubber chamber, is acceptable for a gas pipeline that has a diameter of up to 60 cm. The pressure indicator must be reduced to 150. First you need to check hand pump on the serviceability and sealing properties of the chamber. You need to install certain type pressure gauges and monitor pressure.
The procedure is as follows:
1. Using an autogen, a hole is cut in the gas line that is operating. The hole diameter is about 10 cm.
3. A chamber must be inserted into the canal through the hole and filled air mass, ensuring strong contact with the canal walls.
4. The area that is disconnected is blown through the hole.
5. Then, it is necessary to cut into a new gas pipeline that has a barrier cover.
6. Finally, the chamber should be removed from the working wire, the hole should be welded, pressure restored, and the tightness properties of the connecting section checked.
Attach using a visor
1. The area where the connection will be made is cleared of insulating residues.
2. Mark with chalk and cut the end of the pipe together with the steel barrier cap. Then the canopy is cut into the extension to a size that ensures unimpeded removal of the disc that is being cut out (the wall).
3. On the gas pipeline, it is necessary to mark in small pieces the diameter size and its circumference, which is equal to the diameter of the product that is connected. Weld a rod in the center, the diameter of which is about 8 mm, and its length is about 20 cm. This is necessary in order to remove the piece of pipe that is being cut out.
4. Cut a disc along the intended circle, leaving a small piece of about 5 mm so that the disc is held. You need to cut downwards.
5. Extinguish the gas, cover the hole clay mixture along the trajectory of movement cutting tool. If the putty dries out, then coat it again with the already diluted clay mass.
6. The flame is extinguished, the cutting area is cooled.
8. You need to insert a wooden disk with a seal into the extension through the hole. Fit the canopy to the extension and to the gas pipeline structure.
9. Extract wooden product, having knocked out the rugged surface of the wall with a hammer, remove it using a rod and press the visor tightly with asbestos applied. Leaks must be prevented by using asbestos.
10. Secure the visor with wire, the diameter of which is about 3 mm.
11. Blow the connection area thoroughly, removing all the mixture.
12. Weld the visor after cleaning it first.
13. Fit the pipes, install a steel gasket on top of the canopy and weld with an overlap. The gasket is 20 cm larger.
14. Before installation, heat the gasket with a gas appliance, bend it with a sledgehammer and fit it over the products so that it covers them.
15. Tap the connecting areas, clean them and check them under operating pressure using a soap emulsion. The area where the attachment occurred is cleaned and covered.
16. Install the control tube and fill the ditch.
End connection
1. Cleaning gas pipe, mark with chalk and cut out the visor, keeping a gap of about 50 cm from the steel barrier cover. The size of the visor should not interfere with the installation of the disk. Cut out the disc and cover the gap with a clay mixture. Cool the cutting area.
2. Separate the visor and install a disk inside the gas pipe that is in operation, which, in turn, is secured with a wedge and coated with clay mass. If the diameter of the product is less than 15 cm, then you need to put a plug in the pipe using bags and clay. Remove the chamfer and fit it to the pipe.
3. Mark and trim the ends of both structures and barrier covers. Remove chamfers.
4. Make markings and cut out the connecting node. The length of the assembly can be determined by breaking both gas pipelines, taking into account allowances for adjustment. Install the assembly by grabbing it and welding it at the joints.
5. After cooling the disk, remove it and apply a visor using sheet asbestos. Secure it with steel wire, the diameter of which is about 3 mm. Blow gas through the area to be connected.
6. Weld the visor, clearing the chamfer from dirt. Fit, install and weld the steel gasket.
7. It is allowed to use paste to seal cracks.
Connection using a slide-on product
1. Clean the connecting areas from insulating residues.
2. Prepare a pipe for connection (slide-on) with a diameter that is approximately 2 cm larger than the outer diameter of the gas pipeline that is being connected.
3. Prepare an external extension about 15 cm long, the diameter of which is 1.5 cm greater than the external parameter of the connection pipe. Install the extension, align it and attach it to the existing wire. The axes must coincide. Having adjusted the extension, weld it.
4. Cut off the barrier cap at the end of the gas line and slide the pipe on. Weld special ones to the ends of the pipes, the diametral parameter of which is 3 mm less than the outer parameter of the pipes and expansion.
5. Cut out the wall through the extension, leaving a jumper of about 4 mm. Remove the wall using a pre-welded rod.
6. Extinguish the gas using clay.
7. Pull the pipe. At one end it rests against the wall of the gas pipeline network, which is active, and at the other it moves at least 10 cm onto the product.
8. Use a hammer to cut the window and remove it, pushing it all the way into the gas system. Seal the gap between the walls with asbestos cord until the gas stops escaping.
9. Blow with gas until the mixtures disappear completely. Heat the ends of the products with a burner and roll them, then overlap weld them.
Then all procedures are performed in the same ways. The walls are removed and the gaps are sealed with an asbestos cord in a gas mask.
how to crash into a gas pipe at home Connection using a coupling is performed in the following order:
1. Clean the connection area. Prepare the coupling outside diameter which should be 2.5 cm larger than the external parameter of the connection pipes. The length of the product can be determined by the gap between the ends of the products and add 20 cm. The coupling is installed on the ends of the connection pipes.
2. Cut off the ends of the products together with the barrier caps. Extinguish the gas with a clay mixture. Weld the rings onto the ends. At the end of the pipe and weld both parts.
3. Check the coupling by sliding it onto the end of the second pipe. Separate the cut ends and barrier caps, then slide the coupling onto the second pipe. Both ends must be overlapped by a coupling by at least 10 cm.
4. Reinforce the gaps between the walls of the products with asbestos cord. It is necessary to compact until the gas stops escaping. After blowing through the pipes, heat the sides of the coupling with a gas appliance and press them with a hammer until they are completely connected to the pipes. Weld the ends of the coupling.
It can be connected via a bypass for the duration of the installation process regarding the shut-off equipment to the existing gas channel. In addition, in conditions of switching existing inputs of continuous gas flow. The diametric parameter of the bypass product is equal to a fifth of the diameter of the products that are connected.
The process is performed in this order :
1. Make a bypass product, the length of which is equal to the length of the section that is planned to be turned off and add 2 meters to it. Prepare two extensions 5 cm long; their internal diameter should be 1.5 cm larger than the external diametrical parameter of the bypass product.
2. Keeping a gap of one meter from the boundary of the area that is being switched off, mark a circle with a diameter equal to internal indicator. Weld a rod 0.8 cm long and 20 cm long in the center of the circle. Weld extensions to it. Check the installation of the bypass in the extensions.
3. Inside the extensions, cut out disks in the walls according to the marks, leaving a 3 mm section. Extinguish the gas with a clay mixture.
4. Knock out the discs and remove them using a rod. Install a bypass from inside the extensions. Seal the joints with cord. Grab it to the expansion using welding equipment at 3 points.
5. On the marking sections of the pipes, cut a pair of canopies at a gap of 10 cm from the bypass product. Once cooled, separate them. Install a barrier cover through the hole from the inside.
6. After completing the work, remove the barriers, weld the visors, and place the disk on the hole.
7. Test the suture areas and isolate the work area.
Preparatory work for the pits and reception, insulating measures in the cutting areas and work on backfilling the pits are carried out by the company that built and connected the gas system. Before connection, electrochemical means must be turned off. Connection work under the influence of gas from inside the room is prohibited.
After all the work carried out, the tightness of the seams is checked with a special device or emulsion using pressure. It is also worth going around the gas main, marking the work performed in the work order, and recording everything in the passport. Attach the work order and diagram to the rest of the documents and keep them together.
To open the flange at the connection, devices are used, for example, a copper wedge. It is suitable for products with a small diameter.
If the diameter is more than 30 cm and it is necessary to open the flange, then fasteners are welded for mounting a jack between them. Can not use hydraulic jack. It is necessary to install wooden spacers to prevent it from falling. It would be better to secure it to the gas pipeline. During the installation of barrier covers, it is necessary to check the dimensions of the covers and whether they correspond to each other, you need to prepare gaskets and lubricate the bolts.
Unauthorized connection to the gas pipeline has Negative consequences for the offender, as well as may lead to the creation dangerous situations for others. Such an action is carried out unprofessionally, in violation of technology and safety regulations, which already implies severe punishment.
And also with such a connection, the consumer uses gas without metering and does not pay for it. What pushes residents of apartments or private houses into illegal installations is the desire to save money and steal from the state.
And it is fair that for such theft the offender bears financial and even criminal liability. To him a fine is issued for unauthorized gas connection, the amount of which is determined on the basis of the law and the consequences of the offense.
Reasons for unauthorized connection
- It is difficult for the consumer to provide himself normal conditions living in an apartment, especially with a gas water heater, if his gas is turned off for debts. But instead of collecting funds after shutting down the system, paying off the debt and officially inviting specialists to connect gas equipment, the debtor decides to commit an offense.
- Owners of private houses can also crash into the network on their own, production premises who have not yet received permission to officially connect.
Unauthorized tapping of a debtor is not just the theft of a resource from a gas pipeline. It puts his neighbors at risk, because if the connection is incorrect, a gas leak may occur.
ATTENTION! Most often, fines for tapping into a gas pipeline and theft of gas by a subscriber are committed by those who were previously disconnected for arrears in payment utilities.
Unauthorized insertion
Unauthorized connection gas stove, water heater, heating boiler - this is connection to gas mains without permission. The permit must be issued by the enterprise that supplies gas in the given territory.
The pipelines are the property of gas transportation companies, gas distribution companies, and legal entities that own gas transportation equipment. Consumers to whom these authorities supply gas sign an agreement with the supplier and pay for its services according to the amount of expenses.
If the gas was turned off for non-payment or the new residential premises have not yet been officially connected to the network, you do not need to deal with the connection yourself, or perform any actions with the metering devices (install them yourself or remove them, change the indicators). Before looking for information on how to cut into a gas pipe illegally, it is worth asking about the punishment for this violation and the size of the fine.
ATTENTION! The main document defining the punishment for these actions is Article 7.19 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of Russia.
Obtaining permission, completing documents, paying debts, and other expenses for official connection will not be as significant as fines to an individual for independently connecting a dispenser, removing a seal from a pipe, or illegally tapping into a gas pipeline.
If the disconnection was carried out without a meter, it is worth purchasing this equipment at the time of connection to save on gas bills in the future.
How is an offense detected?
Most often, an illegal tap into a gas pipeline is discovered during a residential inspection. If the supplier knows about the disconnected debtor, he will control the sealed equipment.
When a gas company employee sees the fact of a tap-in, he informs management about it, draws up a report, and calls an emergency team. The violator must sign a statement of unauthorized actions. The gas is turned off again, and the case of tapping is sent to court.
Types of punishment
Connecting a gas pipeline in a private house without official permission, or breaking the seals from the pipe by the debtor may subsequently result in both administrative and criminal penalties.
- Minimal consequences for the violator – administrative responsibility, fine. If the fines are not paid on time, a late fee will be added to them.
- But arbitrage practice knows examples of criminal liability. Gorgaz can sue apartment owners who crash into a gas pipeline as natural fuel thieves.
- Both a fine for tapping and imprisonment will not eliminate the need to pay for the use of gas for the time after the offense was committed. Debt fees are also charged.
- It is not always possible to determine when last time The gas meter was checked. In this case, you will have to pay an additional 35,000 rubles for connecting the stove, and 45,000 rubles for the speakers. If the boiler was also working to heat the house, the additional charge will be 5,000 rubles. The payment rate for the use of natural fuel in this case is the maximum.
- A term of up to 5 years threatens those who decide to independently remove the plug, carry out an unauthorized replacement of the meter, crash into the network, and by their actions cause an explosion. If the gas is connected unprofessionally, a fire is difficult to avoid. An explosion can cause injury and even death to neighbors.
The awarding of a prison sentence to a violator for a term of up to 5 years is determined by Article 109 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
IMPORTANT! If a case of tampering ends up in court, the actions of the attacker may be punished imprisonment. Duration – up to 2 years.
A fire in the house and the death of residents of neighboring apartments are the most serious consequences of unauthorized tapping. It should be remembered that it is much easier to get rid of debt, install gas equipment with the help of competent specialists (even if their services are paid), than to bear responsibility for such terrible events.
A poorly executed connection of gas pipes and equipment can easily be disrupted with one careless movement. A gas leak may not be noticeable immediately, but only as the substance accumulates dangerously.
Eventually the offender will be disconnected from the gas pipeline again. And he will be able to use gas only after fulfilling all penalties (payment of debt, fine, other amounts).
Fine amounts
Article 7.19 applies to those who illegally connected to the gas pipeline for the first time and those who did so after being disconnected due to debt. In both the first and second cases, a fine is provided.
- An individual will pay up to 2,000 rubles.
- Officials who use gas illegally pay from 3,000 to 4,000.
- The largest fine is paid legal entities– up to 40,000 rubles.
Even a large fine cannot be compared with imprisonment, and it can easily be obtained from the court for unauthorized connection to gas pipes.
The apartment was illegally disconnected from gas
You can also encounter another situation when gas was turned off in a house or apartment by mistake or illegally.
Maybe, long time new house not connected to the main line. Residents who use serviceable equipment and pay utility bills on time must respond to such actions.
If gas is not connected, where can I complain to solve the problem?
First of all, you need to contact the gas supply company and write a statement about illegal shutdown. If there is no response, you can go to the prosecutor's office, write a complaint to Rospotrebnadzor, to the Housing Commission.
Connection to the main line
The presence of gas in an apartment or house greatly facilitates the creation comfortable conditions accommodation. Therefore, more residential buildings are supplied with this natural fuel.
- To connect a room to a pipeline, connect a stove, water heater, gas heating boiler a special project is being drawn up technical specifications. The documents for this project may vary slightly depending on the specifics of the connection object.
- The supplier company checks the documents provided; the review may take one month.
- The next step is the actual connection. It is carried out by qualified specialists. Meters with seals are installed, and a contract for the supply of fuel is concluded.
If you need to connect after being disconnected due to debts, you should also contact the supplier. But you need to pay off your debts first. It is possible that the meter will be installed or replaced at the same time; how much the work costs, you need to find out from the contractors.
ATTENTION! Proper execution process will eliminate problems, including financial ones.
Useful video
Report about the danger of a gas leak.
If all the work is carried out within an organization that has the appropriate permits and permits, then only the technical part of the work is required, and if there are no such permits, for example, to connect a private house to the gas supply system, then first of all you need to contact the appropriate authorities.
In cases where the inspection authorities detect an illegal tap into the gas pipeline, this will be followed by serious penalties. The person responsible for this action, you will have to pay in full the cost of the entire volume of gas consumed and the work to dismantle the illegal connection. In some cases, such an insertion can be qualified as a criminal offense, that is, as theft and causing property damage.
Illegal tapping and its consequences
Most often, illegal tapping is carried out individuals disconnected from the gas pipeline for non-payment, or wishing to connect a house, garage or any outbuilding without agreeing on the project and paying for both the connection itself and the subsequent use of gas. Depending on how much damage was caused to the gas pipeline during the tapping, the amount of gas used, as well as the consent or non-consent of the guilty party to resolve this issue peacefully and pay all the required fines, administrative or criminal liability may be applied.
In case of causing particularly large damage and unwillingness to compensate for it, as well as when it is revealed that such tappings are not carried out for the first time, Articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation 158 (Theft by open access) and 165 (Causing damage by deception). Therefore, it is better not to take risks and get everything necessary permissions and conclude an appropriate agreement.
Illegal tapping is almost always carried out in violation of technological standards, which can lead to serious accidents and fires.
Types of gas pipelines and insertion methods
A gas pipeline is a structure whose direct purpose is to transport gas through a pipeline. Depending on the purpose of the gas pipeline, natural gas can be supplied under different overpressure. So, for example, main pipelines (transmitting gas over long distances) are only of high pressure, and distribution pipelines (delivering gas to the final consumer): low, medium and high pressure.
Tapping into a gas pipeline under pressure without stopping gas transportation along the main pipeline can be used both when repairing the pipeline and when connecting individual consumers. At the same time, the pipeline operates without interruption, and the pressure and supply volume do not decrease. This method is also called cold tapping. In addition, there is a more “traditional” method - pipe welding, which is considered very labor-intensive and requires highly qualified and special welder access.
Modern technologies make it possible to insert into a gas pipeline without releasing pressure, but the process itself may differ depending on the material of the pipes, which can be plastic or metal. Plastic gas pipelines are gradually gaining popularity due to high performance qualities and the possibility of laying in the most unfavorable conditions.
Insertion into a plastic gas pipeline under pressure
To create bends and other tie-in elements into a finished system, it is advisable to use shaped parts, or fittings, that are factory produced and comply with GOST, in order to reduce the risk of emergency situations in the future. Basically, metal fittings are used for inserting into plastic pipes using a socket connection, which, after installation is completed, is glued with special compounds.
The adhesive joint must have maximum density and be completely sealed so that moisture does not leak through it. The steel insert itself must be treated with compounds that protect against rust, since moisture ingress and corrosive processes can lead to the appearance of cavities and peeling of the vinyl plastic in the joint area.
Direct insertion is carried out by creating inserts from steel alloys perpendicular to the gas pipe. Each insert should have a length of 70 to 100 cm and be extended with plastic pipes using a socket-contact connection. This method implies that a plastic pipe is pressed onto a steel insert heated to a temperature of around 60 °C. This method is used to create bends from gas pipelines with low pressure, and for medium ones, before building up a steel insert, it is necessary to apply powdered polyethylene to the site of the future connection for a tighter adhesion of the two types of material.
Insertion into a gas pipeline made of metal pipes
Despite the development of plastic pipeline technologies, the most common option is still a gas pipeline made of steel pipes.
When installing main and distribution gas pipelines, welding is another main type of connection. Pipelines whose pressure is more than 70 kPa are welded subject to strict rules, put forward by Gosgortekhnadzor. Only those welders who have undergone appropriate training and have a permit are allowed to perform this work.
Pipe welding and its technology also largely depend on the material of the structure being welded, but all of them are mainly butt welded. Welded joints and types of seams are strictly designated by GOST and must be performed only in accordance with these requirements. These standards provide not only the type of seam, but also its size and the location of parts at different angles.
In accordance with this, the types will be determined welds:
- butt;
- T-bar;
- overlap;
- angular.
Particular attention is paid to corner and T-shaped (T-shaped) inserts, since it is very important here to avoid poor penetration of seams and undercuts.
Before welding gas pipes must be prepared carefully: cleaned of rust and dirt, oxides and oil. The type of welding itself does not matter for a gas pipeline, so both arc and laser welding are used.
Without releasing the pressure in the main pipe, tapping into a metal gas pipeline can be done through a valve or using a special device called a PGVM.
If the option with a valve is used, then in this case a coupling and a pipe with a flange are welded to the main pipe, to which the valve with a chamber is attached. A hole in the pipe is cut with a cup cutter through the coupling, after which the cut fragment, as well as the rod itself with the cutter, is removed through the chamber and the valve is closed. After this, the outlet can be connected to the flange located on the valve. The disadvantages of this method include the need to install wells, as well as the inconvenient location of the valve to the main pipe, which makes operation less convenient.
The second method is the use of a PGVM, a special device that is designed to insert into existing gas pipelines without releasing pressure, having a pipe diameter from 186 to 529 mm. This device carries out insertion by creating holes of 80 and 140 mm in the wall of the gas pipe. First of all, a pipe is welded to the gas pipe, which should have a diameter equal to the diameter of the connected outlet, inside of which the sleeve is welded to the pipe wall. A pin and a rod with a cutter are screwed into the bushing and machine oil is poured in so that it exceeds the level of the pipe by 3 mm.
A PGVM device with a drive for a cutter is installed on the connection flange, which cuts a hole in the pipe of the required size. After which the cut fragment is removed, the drive, rod and cutter are removed, instead of which a threaded plug is installed and the entire system is returned to its place. Then the gas is opened, the plug is wrapped in the pipe, the PGVM device is removed and the threaded plug is scalded around the perimeter. Upon completion of the work, the quality of the welds is checked using a soap emulsion, and the gas pipeline itself and the insert are reliably insulated.
Tapping into a gas pipeline, like any work related to gas mains, requires the strictest adherence to safety regulations. Tapping should only be carried out by qualified specialists with clearance to this species works
Replacing gas pipes in an apartment, like any other pipelines, is required after many years of use. Therefore, if you plan to make repairs, pay attention to the service life of gas pipes, since leaks may occur in old pipes and, changing them, the repair will have to be redone at least partially.
Cutting old pipes is done with a grinder, and the products of such work will certainly not go unnoticed on the walls and other interior elements.
Replacing a gas pipeline in an apartment
As you know, replacing gas pipes with your own hands is prohibited, so only specialists from gas service companies are allowed to do this type of work.
Therefore, if a replacement is necessary, you will need to contact the appropriate institution and wait for the technician to arrive.
Most likely, the first visit of a gas service employee will not replace your pipe, since the technician will need to inspect the gas system, measure the length of the gas pipes, draw up an estimate for the work, as well as the cost of new pipes for the household gas pipeline.
Gas pipe replacement work
Having arrived at the installation site, the technician must remove unauthorized persons from the site and ensure that there are no smokers or sources of open fire.
Before entering the work site, a warning sign “Caution! Gas!”, “Smoking is prohibited!”, “No entry!” etc.
Before cutting a gas pipe and starting work on installing a new one, the gas installer must cut off gas access to gas pipeline, to which the new pipe will be welded, and remove (blow out) the remaining gas from it. Blow gas into the room ( ventilation ducts etc.) is strictly prohibited.
Once all safety precautions have been taken, the gas pipe can be trimmed. As already mentioned, it is usually produced using an ordinary grinder. Next to the place old pipe a new one is welded.
Checking the integrity of the household gas pipeline and rules for starting gas
The release of gas into the pipe is prohibited until its integrity, the presence of all required plugs and the serviceability of the connected gas equipment are confirmed by inspection and appropriate tests (soap emulsion).
When starting gas, the gas pipeline must be purged until all air is displaced from it. The duration of purging is determined by analyzing the gas samples taken.
The oxygen content in the gas should not be more than 1%, the combustion of the last sample should proceed smoothly, without popping. When blowing the gas pipeline, after the gas pipe has been replaced, it is prohibited to release the gas-air mixture into the room, the ventilation outlet, staircase and so on. When starting gas, the room in which the gas is being carried out installation work, must be provided with constant ventilation.
During and after the release of gas into a newly connected outlet of the gas pipeline system, it is necessary to ensure enhanced monitoring of the operation of the gas system.
Tapping into a gas pipeline
Apartment buildings are often equipped with a gas pipeline system even before residents move in. But what if you need to tap into the gas pipe of a newly built house? Let us describe what the gasification procedure at home looks like.
Preparation of necessary documents
The list of documents required to connect gas to the house is as follows:
- those. passport for home or a certified copy;
- a photograph of a topographic survey of the site on a scale of 1:500, certified by the gas service, with a gas pipeline and other communications marked on it (,);
- permission to connect an architectural and planning institution to the gas pipeline;
- documents for equipment planned for installation in a house to which gas will be connected - a certificate of conformity, a contract for servicing the equipment, a conclusion that it is subject to use in house construction;
- inspection report (VDPO), received after contacting Gorgaz.
How to obtain permission to tap into a gas pipeline
In Gorgaz you will need to find out which design organization for gasification of the house they recommend, since this will be the key to the absence of problems in the future. You will need to agree with the design engineer on the placement project and brand of gas equipment and heating devices, after which the specialist will independently have to approve the project in the technical department of Gorgaz.
Read the contract carefully. You should be interested in items with clearly stated guarantees on the part of the contractor.
Installation of a domestic gas system and connection to the gas pipeline
After installing the gas pipeline and equipment, project organization compiles a package of executive and technical documentation. The work is accepted by a special commission consisting of a representative of Gorgaz, the contractor and the customer.
You will also need to pay for the technical inspection receipt and provide a copy of it to the installation company. In the near future, representatives of Gorgaz will seal the meter, and an agreement will be concluded with the customer for the supply of gas and maintenance of the part of the gas system belonging to it.
Don't know how to crash into a gas pipe? To do this, you will need to hire a special service that carries out tie-ins.
Having connected you to the gas pipeline, specialists will open gas tap and will perform a test run of gas, thereby checking the entire system for leaks.
Having made sure that everything is in order, all you have to do is carry out commissioning of the equipment, which, however, can also be carried out by the selling organization, of course, if you have an appropriate agreement for technical and warranty service.
Nowadays, it is difficult to imagine a residential building - private or multi-apartment - that would not be connected to gas. Thanks to this wonderful substance, we can cook food and definitely won’t freeze. However, gas cannot enter the house by itself, and thank God, it requires a special path - a gas pipeline. And in order for it to exist, it is necessary to crash into a gas pipe.
In our country, the unauthorized process of tapping into a gas pipe is strictly prohibited, but the number of people who want to do everything with their own hands and against the law is not decreasing. Meanwhile, this business is dangerous and often ends fatal, that is precisely why, and not because the state is greedy, unauthorized insertion is prohibited. For home craftsmen and nonconformists who go against the system, we offer a little theory.
A gas pipeline is a means of transporting and storing gas. Depending on the mission of the gas pipeline, the designs may be different: for example, to transport gas over long distances, powerful networks are installed, and gas flows into them under high pressure. It’s definitely not worth experimenting with it - it’s very big hole may be in the place of not only a home-grown craftsman, but also the connected home itself. Here it is better to contact special services that know how to work with such systems.
From any powerful network, smaller distribution pipes branch off, the pressure in which is lower than in the main ones. However, it can still vary - from low to high. You can cut into such a pipe on your own, but it’s still better to turn to special services, if there is no understanding of what needs to be done and knowledge of safety precautions.
More information about the insertion mechanism
In professional language, a tie-in is the connection of a new pipe to an operating gas-transporting pipe. Similar connection can go through even without turning off the gas, however, in this process there are a lot of nuances that must be taken into account so that, no matter how pretentious it may sound, you do not give your life to connect the house to the gas main.
There are two types of insert:
- cold: exactly in in this case the main pipeline operates without any changes - the volume and supply pressure remain at the same operating level;
- the traditional method is welding: this method is time-tested and highly reliable, however, the work requires certain qualifications and special access from the performer.
Traditionally, gas pipeline pipes are metal, which is why welding is used - because only it can provide the most airtight and durable connection. However, nowadays, pipes made of low-density polyethylene are often used to connect houses to the gas pipeline and install utility networks. To insert into such pipes, factory fittings that comply with GOST are required - connecting elements. Of course, when installing branches you cannot do without heating, so this process in any case remains highly dangerous.
Exist general rules for carrying out work on tapping into a gas pipe under pressure.
Firstly, insertion into a network with low pressure should occur at values no higher than 80 mm water column, but not lower than 20.
Secondly, when working with networks with high or medium pressure, the pressure must first be reduced to permissible level. If this is not possible, then it is necessary to find special equipment that allows you to work under unusual circumstances.
Thirdly, work without reducing pressure according to the law can only be carried out by organizations that have permission to conduct this type of activity (often there must even be a special category).
Fourthly, welding and gas cutting must be carried out in areas with pressure from 40 to 150 kg/cm - and this corridor must be observed during the entire working process.
Well, and most importantly, it will be better if you entrust all the work to professional organizations that have the necessary experience, qualifications and, if necessary, rank. Yes, you will have to give some money, but this is not more valuable than life. And even if you manage to crash yourself and survive, the very first check will reveal an illegal connection. What's next? Payment for stolen gas, a fine, testimony, imposition of criminal liability up to a term - depending on how much harm you caused by illegal tapping. And the pipe will be cut, so all the work will go down the drain.
Below we attach several videos on how NOT to tap into a gas pipe =)