How to choose which house to build. What is the best material to build a cottage for permanent residence from?

For the construction of walls country house Many materials are used including wood, brick, concrete, stone, different kinds building blocks or finished frame products. There are also extravagant versions of wall structures made of metal and straw plates, but this is the exception rather than the rule.

Country houses made of brick and stone

High-quality brick has many advantages:

The excellent strength characteristics of the material will make your home durable, strong and reliable, and also resistant to fire and climatic changes.
Brick does not rot, does not rust, is not afraid of moisture and ultraviolet radiation, and does not harbor harmful microorganisms and bacteria.
The unique structure of the brick allows air to pass through well, protecting it from overheating.
Small dimensions will allow you to implement any design in the building. architectural form- from a round tower to a Gothic castle.
The low thermal conductivity of the material will provide an opportunity to save on additional heating sources. In hot weather, such a house is cool, and in freezing cold it is warm.
Good sound insulation will make your stay in the house quiet and peaceful.

The disadvantages include fairly high hygroscopicity, therefore brick house it will need to be plastered or covered with siding or facing bricks.

The stone building looks solid and respectable. At minimum costs As practice shows, restoration at such a dacha can last for centuries. The main disadvantages of such a home are the high labor intensity of building walls, as well as the high cost, but these disadvantages will pay off handsomely over the years.

For massive walls made of brick or stone, you will need a powerful foundation with a reinforcing belt. In addition, building a house will take a long time. However, compared to the benefits received, these disadvantages fade into insignificance.

Features of wooden country houses

Country house from natural wood It has powerful energy and you can breathe easily and comfortably in it. Such dwellings are always at the peak of popularity and this is unlikely to ever change:

Wooden houses are cheaper than stone and brick ones, with the exception of houses made of laminated veneer lumber.
The environmental friendliness of wood contributes to the longevity and healthy health of its owners.
You can build a house from wood much faster than, for example, from stone, and besides, during the construction process you can do without the involvement of expensive construction equipment(crane, concrete mixer); foundation for wooden house may be relieved.
For winter heating house from natural wood less fuel will be needed.
Wooden walls are able to create a favorable microclimate in the room, allowing air masses and taking excess moisture from the air or humidifying it when there is insufficient humidity.

The best option for a country house is to build it from factory-made laminated timber, which is supplied to the customer in parts in assembled form. Such a dacha can be erected in a couple of weeks, spending a minimum of time on interior decoration and processing protective coating. However, it should be borne in mind that only properly dried timber will make your home a reliable home, otherwise you will be bitterly disappointed.

One of the options for a dacha is a log house self made with minimal processing of the outer layer. In order to maintain clear geometric proportions of the structure, only the highest quality logs are selected during the sorting process, which significantly affects the cost of construction and leads to its rise in price.

However, wooden houses has its drawbacks. First of all, there is an increased risk of fire. For fire protection purposes, building materials are impregnated with a special fire retardant composition. There are also antiseptic solutions that prevent the decomposition of logs, their rotting and the appearance of mold, mildew and other microorganisms.

All these chemical mixtures are very effective in preserving the technical characteristics of wood, but at the same time they kill its main natural superiority, completely depriving it of environmental friendliness.

Building Blocks: Pros and Cons

Building blocks in country house construction appeared not so long ago, but have already gained good fame, because houses from them are very warm, light, strong and durable.

The appearance of blocks is dictated by two main reasons: the desire to reduce the labor intensity of building walls and improve their energy-saving characteristics.

The most popular today are gas silicate blocks and foam blocks.

Expanded clay concrete, wood concrete and porous ceramic blocks are used less frequently in country house construction.

House made of building blocks with external finishing modern materials looks solid and rich.

Building blocks have undeniable advantages:

High resistance to wear and seasonal temperature changes.
Excellent thermal insulation will create a year-round comfortable microclimate indoors, allowing you to save on air conditioners in the summer and on heaters in the winter.
Excellent sound insulation is the key to a cozy and calm atmosphere for relaxation.
The high fire resistance of the blocks prevents the spread of fire in the event of a fire.
Ease building material minimizes the load on the foundation and reduces construction time. It takes an average of 15-20 minutes to lay 1 m³ of a wall made of building blocks, instead of the 3-5 hours required to lay a brick wall.

When choosing the type of building blocks for building a house, you should take into account some features of the materials:

Gas silicate blocks are hygroscopic, while foam concrete is more resistant to moisture. This presents high requirements for waterproofing during the construction of houses from gas silicate block.
The strength of a gas silicate block is higher and more stable than that of foam blocks, which is very important when choosing a material for constructing load-bearing walls.
There is not much difference in the environmental friendliness of foam blocks or gas silicate materials. When making gas silicate, aluminum powder reacts with lime, forming hydrogen. This gas is safe for both humans and environment. Protein and artificial additives that foam the material in the manufacture of foam blocks are also safe.
Shrinkage of foam concrete blocks is 2-2.5 times greater than shrinkage gas silicate material Therefore, cracks almost never appear on the walls of houses made of gas silicate blocks.
In terms of thermal conductivity, foam concrete blocks are warmer than gas silicate blocks.

Frame construction of a country house

Frame construction in Lately has become widespread. Assembly country house made from frame panels resembles a construction set and takes only a few days. Ready house It's very inexpensive and looks like a toy - very light and beautiful.

The walls of the house (panels) are assembled, as a rule, in a factory. The material used is gypsum fiber board or OSB boards, between which insulation is laid.

Exist various technologies manufacturing and assembly frame-panel houses(Canadian, German, etc.).

The most convenient and practical for country house construction The frame-frame method is considered. It is simple and does not require the use of special equipment, is erected directly on the construction site, and also has unlimited structural and architectural solutions.

Main advantages frame houses are:

Speed of construction. All parts of the house are manufactured and numbered in accordance with the assembly instructions attached to the order.
Work can be carried out in a limited area, because All elements of the future home are stored very compactly.
The low weight of the structure makes it possible to significantly save on the foundation (on average, the cost of the foundation reaches 25 - 30% of the total costs according to the estimate).
High thermal insulation properties walls contribute to low heat loss.

It should also be said about the disadvantages: walls made of wood are easily flammable and susceptible to rotting and pests, and therefore require special processing and protection from moisture and fire.

They acquire dachas in different ways - they inherit them, buy plots of land with a house and remodel or complete them for themselves, or buy land almost in open field and begin to develop virgin lands. One of our craftsmen, who decided to join country life, was puzzled by just such a process. And since the most effective way to save money is to do it with your own hands, and that’s exactly what he did, starting small - with summer house at the dacha “for the first time.”

Country house 6x6 with built-in terrace 4x3:
project;
foundation;
water supply;
box;
internal work.

Country house 6x6 with built-in terrace 4x3

Gonzik1

Last year I purchased a plot of land in a field (like a new holiday village). The poles were installed, electricity was supplied to the site (it took two months to complete the paperwork), a panel was installed on the pole with a meter, a machine and an outlet. This year, having saved up some money, I began construction. I decided to do everything myself, because it’s cheaper and more reliable.

DIY country house project

The craftsman created the dacha construction project with his own hands over the winter; according to his idea, this is the first module, to which he will later attach another one, combining both parts into a solid structure. Using a special program, I made a drawing that allowed me to accurately calculate required amount building materials.

Foundation

Since the house is lightweight, frame technology and on one floor, Gonzik1 gave preference columnar foundation from special concrete blocks (20x20x40 cm). His choice was also influenced low level groundwater(UGV) at the dacha and the excellent condition of similar foundations under neighboring buildings. Depending on the level, I used one or two blocks per pillar - removed the fertile layer, added a sand cushion, and laid the blocks. The plane was maintained using a hydraulic level. According to the craftsman, he appreciated this the simplest tool– both cheap and the measurement accuracy is excellent. The pillars were covered with roofing felt for waterproofing. With the help of relatives, the foundation was ready in three days.

Water supply

There is no place for a central water supply in the field, so the problem of water supply is a personal matter for each summer resident. Our craftsman initially planned to drill a well. Test drilling at thirty-six meters was unsuccessful - dense black clay came out instead of water. The drillers reported that only artesian well about ninety meters, they announced an exorbitant price. Gonzik1 I got upset, imagining the scale of the problem, and decided to dig a well, as the foreseeable future has shown - the decision is the right one. Three days of work, ten rings - a column of water for one and a half rings, restored in an hour and a half.

Box

The strapping is two-layer - at the bottom there is a board 100x50 mm, at the top - 100x40 mm, impregnated with fire and biological protection, the strapping elements were connected to each other with nails (100 and 120 mm). The strapping was laid on top of the roofing felt and secured to the posts with anchors.

All frame posts were also assembled from 100x40 mm boards with nails; the walls were raised directly on site using temporary jibs. They collected only the ridge on the ground, then lifted it onto the roof. This stage took another four days.

The next thing was to install the rafters, wind boards, install the wind protection, and put the counter batten and sheathing on top. As roofing our craftsman chose metal tiles.

Gonzik1

I read that no matter which side the sheets are laid on, they are often laid from left to right. It turned out, no, the tiles are laid from right to left, otherwise the next sheet will have to be placed under the previous one, which is extremely inconvenient, especially when installing alone. The weather was not very good, it was drizzling, there was wind, it moved along the roof like a cat, trying to cling to the sheathing with its feet. All twelve sheets of tiles (115x350 cm) were laid in half a day.

After the tiles, we got to the grounding, due to which the floor joists were not completely laid. Gonzik1 I used a corner 50x50x4 mm, a connection from a metal strip 40x4 mm, plus a piece of self-supporting insulated wire (SIP).

Next, we covered the entire structure with a protective membrane, installed a door, and laid floorboard on the terrace, we started covering the facade with imitation timber. The cash was immediately treated with protective impregnation. During the work, the craftsman made adjustments to the project - he made a third window, so there will be more light, and the view from the window is attractive.

Interior work

With the end of the holidays, the construction process slowed down as much as possible, since free weekends did not occur every week, but it continued. Finished with the floor - rough on OSB joists, on top windproof membrane, between the joists there are stone wool slabs, sheathing, and OSB again on it. As finishing coating supposed to be linoleum. The house also got another window.

I brought electricity into the house, insulated the perimeter with stone wool, a vapor barrier on top and clapboard as cladding.

The finishing process continued according to the same algorithm, contrasting trims on window openings added decorative value to the house. All interior walls will be covered with clapboard.

Gonzik1

There are no stoves planned, the house is for seasonal use - spring, summer, autumn. I plan to hang electric convectors, I have no problems with electricity there, three phases, new substation, 15 kW per site.

For all those interested, the craftsman posted a calculation of materials (all used boards are 6 meters long):

foundation blocks 200×200×400 mm, 30 pieces;
board 50x100 mm, 8 pieces (for the bottom layer of strapping);
board 40x100 mm, 96 pieces - approximately 8 pieces left;
board 25x10 mm, 128 pieces - approximately 12 pieces left;
timber 100×100 mm, 3 pieces;
rail 25×50 mm, 15 pieces;
imitation timber 18.5×146, 100 pieces – approximately 15 pieces left;
insulation, stone wool 1200×600×100 mm, 28 packs (6 slabs each) – pack left;
windproof membrane 1.6 m wide, 60 m² per roll, 3 rolls;
vapor barrier 1.6 m wide, 60 m² per roll, 3 rolls - approximately 0.5 rolls left;
OSB 3 2500×1200×9 mm, 15 pieces (rough and finishing floor) – approximately 1.5 slabs left;
metal tile 350×115 cm, 12 sheets;
lining 12.5x96 cm, 370 pieces (10 packs) - not sure it’s enough, partially used for toilet hemming, and the walls are not finished yet;
wooden windows 1000×1000 mm, 3 pieces;
entrance steel door 2050×900 mm, 1 piece;
protective impregnation for wood, 10 liters - 3 liters left, but the house is covered in only one layer.

Taking into account self-construction and the finishing estimate turned out to be quite budgetary.

Gonzik1

Foundation - 2500 rubles.
Boards for the frame, wind protection, vapor barrier, imitation timber (exterior finishing), lining ( interior decoration), insulation, etc. - 110,000 rubles.
Metal tiles - 20,000 rubles.
Door - 13,200 rubles.
Windows - 4,200 rubles x 3 = 12,600 rubles.
Forwarding SIP to the house - 3000 rubles (with the cable itself).
Impregnation - 3600 rubles.

I’m still planning to install electrical wiring around the house, I think I’ll spend 8-10 thousand. I don’t give the cost of nails, screws, staples for a stapler, etc., etc., because I no longer remember how much I purchased. Total: about 165,000 rubles.

For another short but fruitful vacation - finished with electrical work, finished interior lining clapboard and painting, made a set for the kitchen, completed the terrace. I laid a 100x40 mm board on the terrace, took it unplaned, processed it with an electric planer, and then covered it with impregnation in two layers. Over the past winter, everything was in place, nothing moved, did not dry out or warp. The craftsman has plans to complete the second block, but this test of the pen is excellent - an excellent summer house for a family holiday.

Even in the fairy tale of the three little pigs, the most important and always relevant idea is raised about the correct choice of building material for the house. A fairy tale is a fairy tale, but many of us, like the heroes of the famous work, want to build a strong reliable home with minimal effort. However, today it is quite possible to do this thanks to the development construction technologies. However, various wall materials so much that the developer has to really rack his brains when deciding what material is best to build a house from. Brick, aerated concrete, wood, sandwich panels - which is better, more reliable, more durable and warmer?

The costs of erecting the walls of a house account for up to 40% of the cost of all work, so it is so important to weigh the numerous pros and cons of each material in order to accept the only correct solution. It is also necessary to take into account the seasonality of living in the house, requirements for thermal insulation, the cost of fuel used for heating, as well as the labor intensity of the work and the budget allocated for construction. Today there are a lot of materials for building a house - finding the one that most accurately meets your needs is not a problem.

No. 1. Wooden house

The most conservative and traditional material for building a house is wood. To his undeniable advantages relate:

Minuses:

high fire hazard, even though special impregnations are used in the production of timber today;
wood is sensitive to humidity and pests, they are also trying to combat this, but without constant care the material will be constantly damaged;
shrinkage;
high price.

Glued laminated timber

No. 2. Brick house

Another classic and time-tested material for building a house is. Despite the appearance of mass alternative materials, he will stay the most popular material for the construction of low-rise private houses, and there are many reasons for this.

pros:

high durability and strength;
inertia, insects and;
fire resistance;
the material is breathable;
brick allows you to turn a project of any complexity into reality.

Minuses:

For the construction of a 2- or 3-story house A brick of strength M100 or M125 is enough, But ground floor It is better to build from M150-M175 bricks. It is also necessary to take into account the frost resistance of the brick, which is determined by the cycles of freezing and defrosting that the material can withstand without losing its basic properties. If for warm regions it is quite possible to use F15-30 brick, then for middle zone It is better to take material with frost resistance F50, and for the most severe regions - F100. After the house is built, it is given some time to dry. Brick walls, as a rule, they are trimmed.

Based on filling, bricks are divided into:

For the construction of walls, only two types of bricks are used:

silicate (white).

Ideally, it is better to build from ceramic bricks of plastic formation. It is made from high-quality clay by extrusion. Ceramic bricks of dry and semi-dry formation due to their high precision geometry are mainly used for cladding. It is characterized by durability, good sound insulation and strength.

Sand-lime brick produced on the basis of sand and lime, it is cheaper than ceramic, but more fragile, has a small variety, lower thermal insulation and low moisture resistance.

No. 3. Houses made of cellular concrete

Lightweight concrete blocks are the most promising material for building a house that currently exists. Of all stone materials cellular concrete is different best performance on thermal insulation. Due to the fact that the block is large in size (replaces 17-20 single bricks), the construction of buildings is carried out quickly. In terms of strength and durability, the material is practically not inferior to brick. Cellular concrete includes aerated concrete, foam concrete,, but the first two have become most widespread in private construction.

House made of aerated concrete (aerated block)

House made of cinder concrete

No. 4. Frame house

No. 5. Houses made of reinforced concrete panels

Another option for rapid construction is the technology of constructing houses from ready-made factory ones. A low-rise house can be built in a few days! The technology is reminiscent of that which was so actively used in the Soviet Union for rapid construction millions square meters housing.

pros:

Minuses:

a solid foundation is needed;
a small number of offers on the market (few companies cast slabs for the created project - usually elements of typical sizes are manufactured);
such a house “does not breathe”;
Concrete does not hold heat well.

When you need to quickly build a reliable and durable house of decent size, then this is one of the best options, especially since today it is possible to cast panels of strictly required shapes and sizes in order to erect a building according to.

When choosing material for building a house, it is important to take into account the climate, the type of soil, the future heating system, and many other factors. But even the highest quality building materials can disappoint if construction technology is violated or the foundation is laid incorrectly, so these points should be given no less importance.

Possession suburban area gives you the opportunity to fully enjoy the fruits of your dacha labor and get some rest at a fragrant barbecue festival. But what is a plot without any building on it. And if there are no funds for capital construction, then you can build economy class country houses photo, which will become a seasonal haven for vacationers or those working in the country, and will also serve as storage for all gardening equipment.

About what is cheaper to build from garden house and how to do all the work correctly, in our material below.

Materials for the construction of an inexpensive country house

To understand what you can save on when building a country house, and how to build a cheap country house, you need to study everything possible options building material. So, you can build an inexpensive cottage with your own hands from the following materials:

Frame-panel fragments. Here timber is used for mounting the frame, and can be used as cladding chipboards, fiberboard, OSB, etc. To insulate such a house (if desired), you can use polystyrene or mineral wool. As a result, the house can be used not only in the warm season, but also in winter. A special feature of the installation of such a frame-panel house is its undeniable savings. After all, it is fashionable to assemble a building using practically available materials, of which every summer resident/gardener/craftsman probably has a lot. As a last resort, you can borrow leftover material from your neighbors.
A log house can also be made in a country house. Such construction will cost a little more, but the house will be stronger and more durable. The only drawback of wood (especially if the cheapest planed timber is used) is that it shrinks. As a result, cracks and gaps appear in the walls. It will be necessary to additionally insulate the building so that the country cottage can be used without problems.
In response to the question of how to build a cheap dacha, we can advise building clay building. That is, to make a peculiar adobe house. The construction technology is simple and similar to modeling. Materials for installation will cost the craftsman practically nothing, since the clay and straw from which an adobe house is built is practically underfoot. So clay country house If all installation rules are properly followed, it can become a durable building for any season. The only drawback of an adobe house is that its construction will take a lot of time. Perhaps even more than one season.
Caravan house. This option for setting up an inexpensive country cottage is the simplest. You can find a more or less decent trailer that is simply installed on the site. If desired, water and sewerage are supplied to such a trailer.

Important: for any type of inexpensive country house, you can install lightweight types of foundations - pile or shallow strip foundations. And this is an additional point of savings during construction.

Frame-panel house: technology of work

To build such a house using frame technology, you will need to prepare material in accordance with the given perimeter of the building. The materials you will need are:

Beam with a section of 100x100 to create the frame of the house;
Self-tapping screws and metal corners for fastening frame posts;
Panels or slabs of fiberboard, chipboard, OSB;
Insulation material (if desired);
Piles for foundation and metal channel for tying piles.

We carry out the work in this way:

It is worth installing driven piles in the designated places in the corners of the future house. Supports are also installed under wall joints and under load-bearing partitions, if any are included in the house design. Monolithic concrete pillars and brick supports can also be installed as supports. In any case, the pillars are mounted on a sand cushion to a depth of at least 60 cm. In this case, both concrete and brickwork should be reinforced.
The finished supports are tied with a channel or I-beam, and waterproofing material is laid over the pillars.
Then a timber sheathing is laid on the resulting belt, which will become the base plate of the frame. That is, the timber should lie around the perimeter, and on top of the timber frame they arrange wooden joists in increments of 50-60 cm. All wooden elements securely fastened together metal corners and self-tapping screws.
Now it’s the turn of the vertical timber racks. They are mounted in increments of 50 cm, firmly resting against the timber frame. For additional fixation of the longitudinal supports, jibs are installed on each side. You can also install crossbars.

Advice: it is better to assemble the frame on the ground in parts, and only then lift it and fix it to the base.

Once the entire frame is ready, perform top harness vertical racks. And attic or floor joists are laid on top of the upper belt.
The finished frame is sheathed with selected panels, securely fixing them and leaving space for window and door openings.
The top of the house is sheathed with any insulating material, not forgetting to install vapor and waterproofing materials.
As exterior finishing you can choose corrugated sheet or siding.

Important: in order to further save on the construction of a summer house, the roof is made pitched and covered with lightweight roofing materials.

You can save additional money by installing simple wooden window frames and doors. This is how you can quickly build a house.

Timber country house

In this case, the work will be performed in a different sequence. First of all, you should prepare the following material:

Beam of any section. But it is worth remembering that the larger the cross-section of the material, the stronger the finished house will be.
Wooden dowels made of hardwood.
Roofing material.
Floor board.

The work is carried out in this way:

First, the foundation is laid. It can be either a shallow strip (40-60 cm in height, including the base) or a columnar/pile type. But in any case, the concrete must dry well, and its top and all other sides must be properly waterproofed.
A backing board made of moisture-resistant wood is laid on top of the foundation. In this case, the board is fixed to the foundation with construction anchors, deepening them 15-20 cm into the base.
After this, they begin laying the timber, joining it at the corners into a bowl. That is, you will have to do additional work, forming grooves for laying the timber.

Important: each crown must be controlled horizontally.

After 2-3 rows of crowns, the timber is additionally fixed with construction dowels. To do this, holes are drilled to the full height of the three stacked crowns and arranged in a checkerboard pattern. Pins are stuffed into the holes. It is worth remembering that next time the dowels need to be shifted relative to those already mounted below.
Fully assembled walls covered with floor beams, cutting them into the upper crown. The beams are laid in increments of 40-60 cm, and then covered with a floorboard.

Important: the same principle applies to the flooring in the house. If desired, both the top and bottom floor can be insulated with mineral wool or polystyrene slabs.

Roof finished timber house can also be made lean-to to save money.

Advice: a house made of timber needs about six months to a year to shrink. It is recommended to cut out window and doorways after the tree has settled. Otherwise, the house may suffer greatly.

House made of clay

If you don’t know what to build a dacha from, then try installing an environmentally friendly adobe house in your dacha. You'll have to tinker here. The fact is that to construct such a structure, a large volume of clay and straw should be prepared in advance in the summer. It is these components that will become the main ones in the construction of a cheap house.

So, after the clay has rested for the winter, it can be used. To do this, clay is loaded into a specially prepared pit and moistened with water in an amount of 20% of the total mass of the material. Cut straw moistened with water is also added here. The straw cutting length should be 9-16 cm.
The whole mass is thoroughly mixed. You can use your feet. And to make the adobe mixture stronger, you can add lime to the solution. It will strengthen the strength of the finished house.
The mass is left overnight, and in the morning adobe blocks are made from it. To do this, the mixture is compacted into a specially prepared form, cutting off the top of the mixture with fishing line or wire. Five holes are made in the blocks so that moisture can freely leave the brick.
The finished blocks are knocked out and laid on a platform in the sun, arranged at an angle.
After two to three hours, the blocks can be transferred to the shade and left on edge until completely dry.
In this way, you should prepare a sufficient amount of adobe bricks.
The construction of the house is carried out on a pre-laid foundation. Laying is carried out according to the principle brickwork. And the same clay mass is used as a solution. The width of the seam in this case should be no more than 1 cm.

Important: you need to lay adobe blocks no more than two rows per day. This is necessary so that the adobe mixture can dry thoroughly. At night, the rows of masonry are covered with film.

As soon as the walls adobe house will be ready, they can be plastered outside and inside.
The floor in such a house is made on the ground, first laying waterproofing, and then laying joists and insulation between them.
The roof of an adobe house can be anything, but it is important to make good overhangs (at least 70 cm) so that moisture from rain or snow does not spoil clay walls. When installing windows in an adobe house, it is worth making canopies over the frames and ebbs in the area of the window sills. A house built in this way will serve the family for decades.

Caravan house

The simplest type of country house for a seasonal stay, as an answer to the question of how to build a country house. Moreover, the trailer can be installed simply on brick pedestals-supports, installed simply on a sand cushion. For every meter of trailer length there should be one support pillar. If desired, the trailer can be insulated, and then such a country house will become cozy in winter.

Remember: build country house You can do it yourself from any material, the main thing is to comply with all the basic requirements for each type of raw material used.

Live in own home has significantly more advantages than even the most luxurious apartment. A private house– a place where you are free to do whatever you want. You won't be disturbed here noisy neighbors, who decide to do repairs early in the morning or late. Here you do not run the risk of being flooded or experiencing the inconvenience that apartment residents face. Many people are accustomed to believing that buying a plot of land, much less building a house on it, costs fabulous money. However, with the development modern technologies in construction, the most cheap technology building a house has become several times more affordable. Now we will look main question: where to start, and most importantly, what to build the cheapest house from?

Preparatory stage

The first point that needs to be determined initially is the functionality of the house. What is it for?

If this is a country cottage for seasonal living, then only materials are needed,

if this is a full-fledged home for permanent residence, then completely different.

To decide what kind of house will be, you should thoroughly study the climate and weather region where construction is planned. After all, the choice of building materials directly depends on the temperature conditions throughout the year. A house for regular living must be constantly heated during the cold season, which entails certain financial expenses. Therefore, when choosing a material for a building, you should be guided by thermophysical properties: thermal conductivity and heat capacity, as well as shrinkage.

Each climatic region has its own temperature regime, wind speed and protection class based on the level of thermal insulation properties. Therefore, when choosing a material and calculating the thickness of walls, you need to be guided by two main parameters: coefficient thermal resistance and thermal conductivity.

For each region, its own specially calculated thermal resistance index of the CTS is used. In order to gain clarity on upcoming heating costs, you need to calculate the CTC future design. To do this, the width (δ) of the wall is divided by the thermal conductivity coefficient (λ), which is indicated in technical specifications building material R = δ / λ. The calculated value of heat transfer resistance must correspond to the standard value.

As an example, consider using cellular concrete, which has a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.12 W/m* ºС. Let's take a block 0.3 meters thick and calculate: R = 0.3/ 0.12 = 2.5 W/m2 * ºС. This figure is below the norm and is suitable only for construction in southern regions Russia. A block 0.4 meters wide gives a heat transfer resistance of 0.4/0.12 = 3.3 W/m2 * ºС, which is slightly higher standard indicator and can be used in the construction of buildings in Moscow and St. Petersburg. The calculation is relevant only when laying blocks on glue.

The wall thickness corresponding to the best generally accepted standards in terms of energy efficiency can be determined using the same formula, where it will be equal to the product of the heat transfer resistance value and the thermal conductivity coefficient δ = λ x R.

From this it follows that in order to obtain the standard value of resistance λ = 3.2, the wall thickness is from solid wood coniferous species(pine, spruce) will be 0.18 x 3.2 = 0.576 m, from brick 0.81 x 3.2 = 2.592 m, and from concrete 2.04 x 3.2 = 6.528 m. In this case, the mineral wool insulation is thick 140-150 mm corresponds to the standard: 0.045 x 3.2 = 0.14 m.

Therefore, when choosing a material and determining the thickness of the structure, heat transfer resistance and thermal conductivity should be taken into account.

Coefficient of thermal conductivity,

specific heat

and change linear dimensions different for each material.

In addition, when choosing materials for construction inexpensive home, you need to study the market for building materials specific to a given region. Delivery of materials, as a rule, takes up a significant share of their cost.

Now you need to decide on the size of your future home. For example, do you want to build cottage inexpensive or the house will have more floors. What will be the area of the house in relation to the area of your plot?
You can calculate the area of your plot online.

Windows of standard sizes;

Practical layout without frills;

Simple roof;

Available building materials;

Flat small fireplace;

One should also take into account important nuance, if you have small area, then you can choose a simple project two-story house. This solution will be much cheaper than building a one-story large house.

The cost of a future home is determined by three components, on each of which you can save:

the architectural layout is compact, maximum functionality and comfort and allows you to achieve 20% savings;
simple constructive solution must be rational and not contain any architectural frills will provide another 10% savings;
modern materials make it possible to use the latest technologies in construction, allowing you to do the work with your own hands or using a minimum amount of work force from the outside, which ultimately guarantees up to 40% savings.

The optimal solution for a family of 2-3 people is housing consisting of three rooms with total area approximately 50 m2. A suitable option could be a 6x9 house, including: two bedrooms, a living room in the form of a studio, with a kitchen, a combined bathroom and toilet, and small hallway.
<

Layout: maximum functionality and comfort

The main principle of space planning is to extract maximum benefit from every square meter of space. In our case, this is the ratio of total and usable space. This house, consisting of three rooms with a total area of 54 m2, will fully satisfy your needs for modern housing. Moreover, the ratio of total and usable area (52 m2) is 96.3%.

But over time, you will want to increase its area. This structure is most suitable for transformation. It can be expanded in width and height.

Second option

Important! The construction of the second floor must be thought out in advance in order to lay the appropriate foundation.

Third option, first floor

Third option, second floor

Exterior view of the house, economy option

Exterior of the house after expansion

The key to savings: simplicity of design

Designs should also be approached as simply as possible, without additional frills. When building economically, there are a number of points that need to be taken into account:

The selected house width of 6 m will allow you to install floor slabs without difficulty. The standard size will not require the construction of an additional load-bearing wall.
Combining the dining room, kitchen and living room into a modern living room, according to European standards, will save on the absence of walls and doors.
A sufficient width of the walls will be 30 cm, and heat resistance can be achieved due to the thickness of the layer of thermal insulation material when cladding the house. In this case, the width of the base is reduced to 25 cm.
It is advisable to make the walls in the house from plasterboard; they do not require a foundation and are easy to install.
The roof is made gable, without unnecessary frills - this is the most cost-effective design.

Building a cheap house with your own hands is the most economical option

Approximately half of the construction costs are fees for performing the work. When building a cheap house, it is more advisable to do the maximum amount of work with your own hands, without the involvement of hired workers.

Why do you need to purchase only modern material? Its installation technologies are designed for the average person, so construction will not require professional skills from you and will provide an opportunity to save money. One assistant can be recruited as labor. If you do not have free time to build a house with your own hands, hire a team of two people with appropriate qualifications, retaining control over the work.

Another option is to build according to standard designs. Here you do not need to participate in construction; it is enough to accept the finished house into operation, be sure to draw up an acceptance certificate for the work performed, specifying the developer’s warranty obligations.
This 6x9 house is a great version of a two story conversion.

Reviews and disputes: which cheap house is better?

To explain which cheap house is better, we suggest you read the comments we collected from various forums:

Alexander V.

I want to talk about building a cheap house. Moreover, I will touch upon not only the monetary side of the issue, but also the labor-intensive one. We buy modern materials, preferably from a construction hypermarket, where prices are much cheaper. We discard ideas about buildings made from scrap materials (clay, straw, wild stone) as untenable. In the 21st century, we can talk about clay walls and rubble foundations. We're talking about modern housing, not Grandpa Pumpkin's house. We won’t even consider the environmental friendliness of building materials. At the time of the developed world wide web, you can find the most conflicting opinions about any material.
We will not consider hired builders either. This multiplies the estimate by at least two times initially. We carry out the construction ourselves; anyone can do it. The question is the duration of the process.
And so the foundation. When building a house you cannot do without it. The most appropriate and cost-effective is a strip foundation on piles. The task is not difficult. Every 2m we drill piles, the length depends on the soil, and fill in the grillage.
Still, the cheapest construction will be a frame house insulated with mineral wool or expanded polystyrene. Building a house from brick or sides with cement mortar will increase the cost of the estimate, take a lot of time, and as a result we will get a cold structure that requires insulation.

Bogdan S.

I was going to build a 6x9 house. For two months now, I have been working on a personal project and drawing up a construction estimate. I read smart books, participate in forums on all topics of interest, and watch videos. Now I’ve read it and understand that I have everything as you said: a pile foundation, a frame house, a slate roof. Interior finishing: plasterboard, OSB boards and wallpaper. Of course, plus heating and lighting. One thing I can say is that I am not investing in 10 thousand conditional raccoons. A bit more.

Sergey Zh.

I developed a project for a 50 m2 house for a friend of mine. Nothing special, a budget option, but a home for year-round use. The foundation is solid. Wooden frame house insulated with mineral wool. There is a vapor barrier film on the outside, hardboard on the inside. The roof is slate. Quite a warm building, suitable for winter use. The appearance is not very good. Just covered with vapor barrier. You can subsequently cover it with siding. But the budget is the most modest. An acquaintance spent only 4 thousand USD. True, I built it myself, I didn’t even want to hear about any hired crew.

Looking at my house, I am increasingly convinced that it is unlikely that anything can be built cheaper than a frame house. I insulated the walls, rollers, and roof with 15 cm thick mineral wool. In addition, I built an attic floor. My roof is the simplest gable roof, covered with zerolin. The outside was finished with siding, and the inside was covered with OSB and wallpaper. It cost me the pleasure of $9500.

The frame is the cheapest and warmest, but this does not mean that it is free. Everything is relative. Some friends of mine built a house from sibit. They were happy until winter came. They were frozen through the winter, and now they are deciding how to insulate themselves and what it will cost.

Of course, the main costs are building materials, which we will talk about in more detail.

Modern building materials are the cheapest way to build a house

There is enormous competition in the modern building materials market. Therefore, having made a short walk around the main points of purchase, building materials such as a hypermarket, bazaar or warehouse, it will not be difficult to find the most reasonable price. But different materials differ significantly in price.

The author of the article does not pursue the goal of promoting this or that building material, since the site is not engaged in their sale. The main thing is that a person with a limited budget for construction can become the owner of a good and solid home.

Before reading the various house options, pay attention to Compared to other houses, it is cheap to build.

Cheap brick house?

Brick.

As many people know, brick is one of the most durable, but also the heaviest materials. Based on this, it has both advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages:

high strength and durability;
excellent sound insulation;
availability;
environmental friendliness.

Flaws:

large mass - a solid foundation will be required;
insufficient energy saving;
difficult to process;
long process of building a building.

Modern brick allows you to build a house of any size and design.

Cheap steel structure house

Durable steel structures.

Today it is one of the most durable and affordable building materials, which allows you to build reliable structures, houses, etc. in the shortest possible time.

Advantages:

affordable price;
quick and easy installation;
versatility - you can build any structure;
Using modern finishing materials you can create a unique exterior.

Flaws:

low strength;
poor thermal insulation and sound insulation without additional insulating materials.

Durable steel structures today are becoming increasingly popular in the construction of private houses.

Cheap wooden house - is it true?

Log or timber

A modern, stylish house made of logs looks amazing, and its high environmental friendliness, strength and thermal insulation make this building material stand out from others.

Advantages:

high strength;
environmental friendliness;
excellent sound insulation;
quick and easy installation;
high thermal insulation;
easy to process;
relatively light weight;
amazing appearance.

Flaws:

price;
the need for additional treatment against pests;
fire hazard without special impregnations;
low hydraulic stability.

A modern house made of logs or beams is stylish, practical and comfortable.

Favorite: cheap house made of foam concrete

Foam concrete is the most profitable material for building a house.

A lightweight building material that surpasses others in its characteristics.

Advantages:

quick and easy installation;
high load capacity and low weight;
high strength over time;
excellent sound and heat insulation;
light weight;
reasonable cost;
easy to process;
environmental friendliness.

Disadvantages:

the first few years after manufacture it has low strength;
the porous structure of foam concrete will require additional finishing work;
hot in summer.

Foam concrete is the cheapest way to build a house.

We looked at some of the most affordable building materials that can be used to build an inexpensive house. Today they are also widely used: twin blocks, monolith, ceramic stone, etc.

For example, the cost of a one-story frame house with two rooms, a kitchen, a living room and a bathroom will cost 600-700 thousand rubles. Thus, the cheapest frame houses can be built for relatively little money.

We also recommend: