Metal drills are two-pronged cutting tools, the teeth of which have a wedge-shaped body, which is limited by the presence of the front as well as the rear surface. Used for machining holes on drilling machines. Forms holes in different materials, are made of high-speed, alloyed material. What types of drills are there? Twist, feather, centering, deep hole, flute and annular drills are popular in industry. When choosing the necessary cutting tool, first of all, you need to pay attention to its performance, for example, on the material of manufacture, heat treatment features, and sharpening angles. Therefore, it is extremely important to know which metal drills are best.

Criteria for determining the best metal drills

First of all, you need to pay attention to the sharpening angles of the cutting part. Geometric parameters The cutting parts of the tool include rake angle gamma, clearance angle alpha, point angle 2 phi, cross edge angle psi and helical flute angle omega. The choice of inclination depends on the characteristics of the surface.

Back tilt settings affect tool life. Alpha in devices reduces the work of friction and the intensity of wear on the rear surface. But if it is too high in the device, then the heat dissipation of the object deteriorates, and the strength of the cutting part also decreases.

The vertex angle of 2 phi affects the possibility of processing the material, whether it be steel, stainless steel, cast iron, brass, Aluminium alloy, copper or marble. By the way, you can order a marble window sill here.

The tilt parameter affects such features of the cutting tool as:

1. Durability

2. Ability to process various materials

Also, when choosing the best drills for metal, it is necessary to take into account the features of the cutting process, speed, chip yield, diameter of the device and the specific application of each device.

Some of the most important parameters are:

• Service life (an important parameter for a tool, as it affects the quality of the device and the duration of its use);
• Operating mode of the tool (features of its marking);
• The way the drill looks is the color (black ones have high wear resistance due to the use of superheated steam, golden ones are durable and have reduced friction thanks to a layer of titanium nitride, gray ones last for the shortest possible period, since they are not treated with anything).

A high-quality drill should be made of high-speed steel, which contains molybdenum and tungsten. You should not choose gray devices, as they have a very short service life. The way a metal drill looks like is one of its most important characteristics.

Manufacturers of metal drills

When choosing a tool, it is important to pay attention to the nomenclature and labeling of the device from each manufacturer. The marking depends on the diameter of the installation. Up to 2 mm, structures are not marked; up to 3 mm, the steel grade and diameter are noted. More large instruments carry information about the manufacturer, and also indicate the accuracy class.

The marking begins with the letter P, which stands for high-speed steel. Numerical value indicates content various substances in an alloy. For example, K6 means that the alloy contains cobalt, MZ - that there is molybdenum. If you purchase an imported unit, the marking will be in the form of the following values: HSS or Din.

Among the high-quality cutting objects, the following manufacturing companies are distinguished:

1. Ruko;
2. Bosch;
3. Nachreiner;
4. Guhring;
5. Werko

Ruko drills model range TL 3000 stands out on the market due to its reasonable price and high quality material. Drills with a diameter of 3 mm are designated Din 1412 C, as well as a sharpening angle of 130 degrees. Manufactured using titanium nitride and titanium aluminum nitride coatings. Used for drilling great depth, as they have a set of multi-purpose designs.

• The HSS-G range is suitable for drilling carbon and alloy steel, cast iron, as well as copper and aluminum alloys.
• HSS-E also drills stainless steel and acid-resistant steel, copper and aluminum alloys.
• HSS-G Tin and HSS-G TiAIN are suitable for drilling all materials plus titanium alloy.

Bosch drills are distinguished by an oxide coating, which removes chips when drilling, and have a mesh grinding with a sharpening angle of 135 degrees, which is suitable for any material. They have high strength and heat resistance due to alloying with cobalt, and cope with heavy production tasks, have accuracy class h8, tensile strength 1000N/mm 2.

Nachreiner, Guhring, Werko drills are devices from foreign manufacturers (Germany), which are manufactured according to all the most important standards, they are the most expensive, their cost starts from 300 rubles.

You should not choose structures made in China, even though they are the cheapest, as they are characterized by increased fragility, low tensile strength, and a short service life.

Conclusion

When choosing the cutting tool you need, be sure to pay attention to the manufacturer, as well as the main specifications and selection criteria (service life, operating modes, material processing). By choosing the best drill, you can use it efficiently for a long time.

Which are the best drills for metal: Video

03/23/2018 at 01:17 pm · Johnny · 16 970

10 best manufacturers of metal drills

Metal drills are indispensable tools, which are used in production and at home for drilling holes in objects with increased strength. When choosing this type of tool, first of all, it is necessary to focus on its declared performance characteristics, material of manufacture, sharpening angles and coating. Experts first of all recommend paying attention to the sharpening angles of cutting steel. The best metal drills, the ratings of which are presented below, have proven themselves with the best side and received greatest number positive feedback from consumers.

10. Irwin TurboMax 10503992

Irwin TurboMax 10503992 opens the rating of the best drills for metal. The tool is designed for work such as drilling holes in metal objects, in plastic, as well as wood. The drills are also suitable for drilling holes in stainless steel with the obligatory use of coolant. The tip of the tools included in the kit is distinguished by a special sharpening, which ensures high drilling speed. The set includes 15 drills of different diameters and are highly durable. The cost of the kit is approximately 3,000 rubles.

9.Hawera HSS-C SpiralBohrer GQ-32692

Hawera H.S.S.– C SpiralBohrer GQ-32692 included in the list of the best metal drills. The set contains 25 twist drills with a diameter from d 1.0 mm – 13.0 mm x with a diameter step of 0.5 mm. The surface of the working tools is coated with titanium nitride, which gives them special hardness and heat resistance. The tools are made of high-quality high-speed steel and are fully ground. These drills boast a long service life and impeccable operation throughout the entire period of operation. GQ-32692 is excellent for steel, alloy and non-alloy castings, brass, bronze, cast iron and cast iron. You can buy such a kit for 6,000 rubles.

8. DeWALT DT7926 Extreme2 HSS

DeWALT DT7926 Extreme2 HSS– one of the best metal drills that can be used both in production and at home when working with drills. They provide the cleanest and most accurate drilling possible, and are also characterized by high operating speed. The nanotechnology design of the tool prevents damage to the edges of the hole. The tip of the device has three flat edges that provide reliable fastening in the cartridge. The kit includes 29 drills with a diameter from 1 to 13 mm. The cost of a complete set is 5,000 rubles.

7. Bison MET-SH H19 R6M5

Bison MET-SH H19 R6M5– drills from a domestic manufacturer, included in the list of the best. Used for drilling both alloy and carbon steel. The tools are made of high-speed steel R6M5, have a cylindrical shank and are characterized by high accuracy and drilling speed. They are self-centering due to the cross-shaped point. The set contains 19 pieces of devices with a diameter from 1 to 10 mm. You can purchase MET-SH H19 in an eraser box for 1000 rubles.

6. AEG HSS-G 4932430416

AEG HSS-G 4932430416 are some of the best metal drills available price category. The devices are completely ground and made of high-strength and heat-resistant steel. The cutting head of the tool has a cross-shaped sharpening with an angle of 135 degrees, which ensures good alignment without the need for a core. 4932430416 able to withstand high temperatures as a result of heating during drilling. Suitable for working with high-alloy steel and metal with a strength of more than 1000 N/mm². The set contains 19 pieces with a diameter from 2 to 10 mm. You can buy a set for 1500 rubles.

5. Metabo Bestell-Nr. 27,094 HSS-G

Metabo Bestell-Nr.27 094 H.S.S.– G– one of the best drills designed for metal work. Spiral type devices have a cylindrical shank with a 135 degree sharpening of the tip, which ensures fast and accurate drilling. In total, the set contains 25 pieces, the diameter of working tools varies from 1 to 13 mm. The cost of the set is approximately 1,700 rubles.

4. Enkor 25219

Anchor 25219 included in the rating of the best metal drills. The set includes tools of various diameters (from 1 to 10 mm). There are 19 working items in total. The tip of the devices is made of high-strength hard alloy, which ensures high speed and long service life. Enkor 25219 belongs to the category of budget drills intended for metal. It is quite possible to purchase a set of 19 pieces from a Russian manufacturer for 1000 rubles.

3. Wurth Zebra Spiralbohrersatz HSS

Wurth Zebra Spiralbohrersatz HSS are one of the best drills designed for working with metal. Made from high-speed steel HSS. The devices provide maximum accuracy and drilling speed, and are also characterized by increased strength. Ideal for drilling holes in structural steel with a strength of up to 1000 N/mm², cast iron and plastic. Suitable for use in vertical drilling machines and electric drills. It is recommended to use a special coolant during operation. The kit includes 13 drills with different diameters, which are supplied in a plastic case. The cost of such a kit is approximately 700 rubles.

2. Attack N802-6

Attack N802-6 are not only one of the best, but also the most affordable metal drills. The tools included in the kit have excellent durability and provide good speed work. There are 8 pieces in total in the set. The diameter of the drills varies from 3 to 10 mm. The hardness is 65.8 HRC. N802-6 provide not only high performance, but can last quite a long time. You can purchase a reliable tool kit from a Russian manufacturer for only 600 rubles.

1. Bosch 2607017154

Bosch 2607017154 complete the list of the best metal drills. This set is designed for making both through and blind holes in sheets of alloy and non-alloy steel with permissible limit strength 900 N/sq.mm., copper, bronze, plexiglass, etc. Bosch 2607017154 are made of high-strength, high-quality and high-speed steel coated with titanium nitride. Not suitable for drilling aluminum. When working with the product, it is recommended to use coolant to increase service life. The kit is sold in a special plastic, shock-resistant box. In total, the set includes 25 pieces, the diameter of the products varies from 1 to 13 mm. You can purchase a set for about 3,000 rubles.

Readers' Choice:

The density of the metal is so high that to process it it is necessary to use special tools and mechanisms. In order to make a hole in this material, drills and drilling machines are used, in which the main cutting element are drills.

Which metal drills are better? It is not easy to determine, because there are universal products that would be suitable for processing all types metal products, does not exist. An experienced craftsman will be able to “by eye” determine the type of metal and quickly select the appropriate cutting tool for processing.

A beginner in this business needs to start with the basics. First, study the classification of drills and their scope of application, because best models- These are products that are ideal for processing a specific type of metal.

What kind of drills there are, how to choose a suitable product for the job based on markings and appearance, find out in the article.

To choose the best models, you need to understand the types of drills.

Spiral

Classic, cylindrical drills that are most often used for drilling metals. Typically, spiral products are made of HSS steel.

The material is a high-quality cutting type of steel, so the gimlets made from it are highly durable and durable.

Conical (stepped)

The cutting surface has the shape of a cone, for which this type drill and got its name. Conical drills are used to make holes in thin metal, as well as to correct defects from other cutting tools.

The energy consumption for making a hole in this way is several times lower, due to small area contact of the tool with the surface being processed.

The advantage of using this type of drill over others is the production of holes large diameter. In this case, it is possible to obtain better quality edges than when working with spiral models.

Feathers

A special type of flat gimlet with replaceable working edges is used for drilling metal. Such products allow you to make high-quality, perfectly straight holes.

The absence of distortion during the drilling process and the ability to make a large-diameter hole in various metal structures allows many craftsmen to abandon the use of spiral products.

The low cost of feather drills allows in many cases of metal processing to call them the best for drilling holes.

These are the main types of drills used for making holes in metal structures.

Classification of drills by material of manufacture

Which metal drills are the best for drilling particularly strong alloys is quite simple to answer:

1. To process such material, you should choose products that have a plate of increased hardness on the cutting edge. Such gimlets are the best for processing hard alloys.
2. The price of such products is low due to the fact that the main body of the cutting tool is made of ordinary tool steel.

Drills made of metal alloyed with cobalt have good characteristics.

They can withstand increased mechanical loads and excessive heat work surface while working. The cost of the products is high, but if it is necessary to make holes in a hard alloy, then cobalt analogues are the best for performing such work.

Titanium drills are not inferior in strength to cobalt drills, and when drilling alloy steels and non-ferrous alloys they show even better results.

At correct use, titanium models retain their factory sharpening for a long time, which will allow you to perform a significantly larger volume of work.

Inexpensive metal drills are made from ordinary high-speed steel P9 and P18. The cutting tool copes with its function perfectly, but the working surface quickly becomes dull, especially when a certain temperature threshold is exceeded.

Marking of cutting products

Marking drills for metal is necessary to determine the type of steel from which the cutting tool is made. The product also indicates its diameter, accuracy class and manufacturer (country). Only spiral gimlets with a diameter of less than 2 mm are not marked.

In other cases, drill markings may have the following meanings:

• P9 - made of high-speed steel with a tungsten percentage of 9%.
• P9K15 - indicates the presence of cobalt in the high-speed steel in an amount of 15%.
• Р6М5К5 - indicates the presence of a complex composition of cutting steel containing tungsten, cobalt and molybdenum.

Imported products have the HSS designation, which can be used to determine the composition of the material from which the drill was made. The HSS drill, which will be explained below, is used with an additional letter, which determines the presence of alloying metal.

HSS marking:

• HSS-E - contains cobalt. Used in processing metals of high viscosity.
• HSS-Tin - has titanium coating, which significantly increases the hardness of the working surface, and the temperature resistance of the material increases to +600 degrees.
• HSS-E VAP is a cutting tool used for processing stainless materials.
• HSS-4241 - designed for drilling aluminum.
• HSS-R - have maximum strength.

By marking the cutting tool, you can determine for what metal and in what mode the drill can be used. If the marking is not visible, then the purpose of the drill can be determined by the color of the product.

Visual identification of drill type

By the appearance of the cutting gimlet, you can determine the type of material from which the products are made and thereby find out the mechanical strength of the sample. By color you can determine the composition and quality of workmanship.

Grey

Drill gray are made of metal that has not been subjected to any additional processing.

The quality of the tool, in this case, leaves much to be desired, but for one-time use such products are quite suitable.

Black

This color indicates that the tool was treated with superheated steam. During processing, the product acquires greater strength.

It perfectly tolerates numerous cycles of heating and cooling of the metal, and also maintains the sharpening of the working surface for a long time.

The price of black metal drills is not much higher than gray products, so if you have a choice, you should give preference to tools of this type when purchasing.

Dark golden

This color indicates that the cutting tool has been tempered. This type of processing significantly increases the mechanical strength of the product as a result of reducing internal stresses.

With a tempered drill, you can successfully process high-strength metals, so if you are drilling too hard alloys, it is recommended to purchase a similar model.

Bright golden

The bright golden color indicates that metal made with the addition of titanium was used in production.

Despite high cost such models, it is much more practical to purchase a high-quality drill than to use cheap cutting tools that complex work will need to be used in large quantities.

Thus, it is easy to determine the quality of products by appearance and decide which metal drills are best to buy.

Classification by size

To choose the best drill and not overpay, it is enough to know what length sizes these products are usually divided into. If drilling metal does not require making deep holes, then purchasing models that are too long will lead to cost overruns.

It is customary to classify drills by length as follows:

1. Short, 20-131 mm long. Tool diameters are in the range of 0.3-20 mm.
2. Elongated, length is 19-205 mm, and diameter is 0.3-20 mm.
3. Long series with a diameter of 1-20 mm and a length of 56-254 mm.

When performing drilling work of various depths, you should select the tool that is most suitable for the specific task.

The best manufacturers

To purchase drills and be sure that the declared characteristics are completely true, you need to choose the right manufacturer.

Companies that value their reputation do not sell products of proper quality. Therefore, when choosing metal drills, you should give preference to manufacturers who have been on the market for a long time.

Among the newcomers, there may also be worthy producers. But in order to find out that a good quality product is on sale, you need to make a purchase, which often represents a “lottery”.

The best manufacturing companies:

1. Bosch - products of the German company have long proven themselves only with positive side. Despite the rather high price of the products, when purchasing Bosch drills, you can rest assured of excellent quality. It is convenient and profitable to purchase tools from this company as a set.

Whatever set of drills you take, any one will contain only the highest quality products that will last for many years, provided proper storage and use.

2. “Zubr” is a domestic manufacturer whose products are maximally optimized in terms of price-quality ratio. You can purchase the products of this company either in a single copy or in the form of a set. The latter option will significantly save money, despite the significant cost of the kit.

3. Soviet-made drills - this category of cutting tools can be classified as an “endangered species.” With due diligence, you can purchase a rarity that has unsurpassed technical characteristics.

Not only professional builders, but also many home craftsmen periodically have the need to process various shaped parts. This kind of work can only be done if you have a suitable tool and a metal drill available. the required section and shapes. Those who are often faced with the creation of various parts for assembly metal structures, they prefer to immediately purchase entire sets of metal drills. For a single case, it is rational to buy only one type of drill. But in both situations, the question arises, which metal drills are better, more reliable, stronger, so that you don’t have to change them after each individual block of work. You will learn about all the nuances of choosing such a tool from this article.

It is not difficult to understand which metal drills are better. Follow these criteria and check out the features of the tool that meet these requirements:

• shade;
• quality and symmetry of sharpening;
• diameter;
• standard form;
• quality and type of metal;
• purpose and capabilities;
• manufacturer.

Important! If you, before buying metal drills, clearly define your goal and indicate the price of the issue, choose the right tool it will be very easy to work with.

In addition to these characteristics, be sure to take into account the fact of what kind of drill you have. For example, if you need to punch holes of a large cross-section, then you will need drills of the same diameter and length, and only powerful and low-speed drills are suitable for this. In addition, some drills can only be used with coolants so that they and the metal being processed do not burn. An exception may be a situation when you use drills of a smaller cross-section sequentially, expanding the holes in several stages to the desired size.

Drill color

The first criterion by which you can independently determine the quality of the instrument offered to you is its appearance, in particular, color. Experts note the following features:

1. Grey. If the metal looks exactly this shade, then you are being offered the most unreliable option - these drills have not undergone any treatment to harden and increase resistance to deformation and combustion. Yes, the price of such a metal drill will be very low, but it’s good if it’s enough for you to complete one task.
2. Black. If the drill is black, this indicates that it was treated with superheated steam. The result of this procedure is an increase in strength characteristics and, as a result, an extension of service life. The price of such products is slightly more expensive than instruments in gray colors, but quite affordable.
3. Pale golden hue. Metal drills acquire this color after tempering has been used during the manufacturing process. The main purpose of this treatment is to relieve internal stress in the hardened metal and increase its strength.
4. Bright golden color. These drills will cost you much more, but the alloy will contain the most durable titanium available today. This reduces the friction of the drill during operation, making making holes much more convenient and extending its service life.

Important! Determine which are the best metal drills for you, approaching the purchase issue from a practical point of view. If you constantly need this tool, you should not save - as a result, you will spend more time on the entire drilling process, on purchasing a new tool after a short time, and you will hardly be satisfied with your purchase in terms of the quality of the result. In this case, there is only one way out - to buy drills of a bright golden hue. For single jobs, cheaper black metal drills or those with a light golden color are quite suitable.

Metal drill sizes

The size chart is quite wide, may vary depending on different manufacturers various parameters. But there is also a certain classification according to the current GOST, which distinguishes the following groups of metal drills:

1. Short. This category includes instruments whose diameter ranges from 0.3 to 20 mm and length from 20 to 131 mm.
2. Long drills for metal. This group is represented by products with cross-section parameters the same as short drills, but with a length from 19 to 205 mm.
3. Long. This category includes metal drills with a diameter ranging from 1 mm to 20 mm inclusive, with a length of 56-254 mm.

Important! All requirements meet GOST 4010-77, 10902-77 and 886-77, respectively, the above list.

Marking drills for metal

The marking of metal drills is determined by their diameter, as well as where they were made. The following rules and features can be noted:

• Drills with a cross-section up to 2 mm are not marked.
• Drills with a diameter of 2-3 mm - on them you will find designations of steel grade and section.
• From 3 mm - data such as cross-section, metal grade, including additional substances in the alloy, and the manufacturer’s imprint are applied.

Important! Drill marking is an alphanumeric combination, which on quality products includes:

• letter P - designation of high-speed steel;
• alphanumeric combination - indicates the content of other metal impurities in the alloy, for example: M3 - molybdenum, K6 - cobalt.

Domestic manufacturers are limited only by these labeling rules. If you decide to buy metal drills from imported brands, you will find more detailed information on quality products:

• name of the country of origin;
• company trademark;
• grade of steel or alloy;
• drill section and size;
• recommendations for use - metal that can be processed with one or another drill;
• accuracy class.

Important! Imported drills are marked with HSS or Din type values. To make it easier for you to understand these markings and choose the right tool for you, below are recommendations for the use of some of the most popular types of alloy with this marking.

Alloys, markings, purpose of metal drills

You can figure out exactly what kind of drill you need on your own if you know what kind of metal you need to drill. Manufacturers' recommendations are as follows:

1. HSS-R and HSS-G. Metal drills with this marking are intended for processing:
   • steel - cast, injection molded, alloyed, carbon, with strength up to 900 N/mm²;
   • metal alloys - aluminum, cupronickel, graphite, bronze, brass;
   • cast iron - gray and malleable.
2. HSS-G Co 5. If drills are marked as such, the strength indicator in this case is limited to 1100 N/mm². They are appropriate to use for steel:
   • stainless;
   • carbon;
   • thermally improved;
   • acid and heat resistant;
   • alloyed;
   • not heat resistant.
3. HSS-G TiAN/TiN. To make tools from this type of metal, titanium-aluminum-nitride sputtering is used. As a result, the surface becomes resistant to corrosion, cuts metal perfectly and can remain in its original form for a long time. They are suitable for machining alloys of various origins with strengths up to 1100 N/mm². The list of recommended metals includes:
   • cast iron - gray, with spheroidal deposits of steel, graphite, malleable;
   • alloys - cupronickel, brass, bronze;
   • steel - cast, including under pressure.

In addition to these steel grades, other metals are also used to produce drills:

Types of metal drills - body and tip shape

The variety of the current range of metal drills is very large. To a greater extent, this happens because they are used not only for their intended purpose - for drilling metal, but are also often used for other types of processing work:

• wood;
• plexiglass;
• ceramics;
• plastic;
• concrete.

Important! Each type is suitable for a certain range of work due to the fact that the design is developed in a special way, taking into account all the nuances of a particular material.

Drill design

The main elements of the drill are:

• cutting part;
• shank;
• working surface for removing chips from the hole.

There are 2 main groups of drills for metal based on these characteristics.

Flat drills

Otherwise they are called feathers. Models may differ in the shape of the sharpening of the cutting surface. Main advantages:

• absolute insensitivity to distortions during work;
• simplicity of design;
• cheapness.

Flaws:

• reducing the diameter of the working surface during sharpening;
• there is no automatic removal of chips from the hole.

A commonly used variety is cone drills for metal. They are available for sale individually and in whole sets with a cross-section in the range of 6-60 mm. A conical metal drill is more intended for use on special equipment - drilling machine or in a two-handed drill. The name speaks for itself - the shank is sharpened in the shape of a cone. Excellent for making large cross-section holes.

Twist drills

These metal drills are more popular today and it is their varieties that are widely used. The shape is cylinder-shaped rods, with 1 or 2 grooves-grooves running along the entire surface. With their help, chips from the hole are immediately removed outside during operation. Depending on the shank of the metal drill, there are:

1. Conventional cylindrical drills for metal - usually their diameter does not exceed 12 mm. Suitable for both professional needs and everyday tasks. This group is the most popular look metal drill.
2. Core drills for metal. Metal drills with such a shank are used when it is necessary to make a large hole - with a diameter of 30 mm. This tip looks like a crown with frequent teeth, most often shaped like a hexagon. These drills are more suitable for thin metal.
3. Drill for thread. This model of the tool has a direct purpose - to design a hole with a thread of the required section. The diameter of the drill itself is usually taken 1 unit - millimeter less than the cross-section of the hole.
4. Step drills for metal. This type is universal in that with one tool you can make holes of various diameters. The only caveat is that they are recommended to be used only for sheet material, the thickness of which does not exceed 2 mm. The diameters of such drills for metal can be up to 30 mm. Price - increases as the section increases.
5. Left hand drills. Their scope of application is limited - only for unscrewing hardware: screws, bolts, self-tapping screws.
6. High precision drills. These tools are chosen mainly by those for whom high accuracy of the result is very important. The accuracy class is indicated by an alphanumeric combination - A1 or B1. The higher the accuracy class, the higher the price of metal drills.

Drill manufacturers

A very important point when buying metal drills is the manufacturer. The fact is that good feedback consumers and optimal price- these are not all factors. The reliability and credibility of the brand affects the quality of sharpening, the strength of the alloy, wear resistance, anti-corrosion and fire-resistant properties of the tool. Therefore, do not try to save a lot, give preference to trusted companies whose products will serve you for more than one task.

According to reviews and market positions, metal drills are considered the best:

What else do you need to know about metal drills?

After a certain service life of any drill, it must be sharpened. You can do this procedure yourself under 2 conditions:

• you purchased a tool from a reliable manufacturer who does not skimp on the quality of the metal;
• you follow the rules of sharpening technology.

You will be able to complete self-sharpening drills, if you follow this pattern:

1. Be sure to put on protective clothing - goggles, gloves - before starting work.
2. Prepare containers with coolant. For this purpose, you can use water or machine oil.
3. Check the serviceability of the sharpening apparatus.
4. Press the drill bit firmly against grinding wheel and treat the surface sequentially, starting from the back.
5. Stick to it suitable angle sharpening:
   • steel - 140 degrees;
   • bronze - 120;
   • copper - 100.
6. Process the working part of the drill while maintaining the sharpening angle.
7. Do not concentrate exclusively on the tip - the entire surface, including the side, must be well sharpened.

Important! Before you immediately sharpen the tool you need, first practice on those tools that you definitely won’t need anymore. This way you can get the hang of it and do everything correctly with the drill you need.

Video

Watch the video, which clearly shows how you can sharpen a drill yourself.

Conclusion

Now you know everything about how to choose the right drill bits and which ones are best for your purpose. Take into account all the criteria when purchasing a tool and then you will not have to worry about the need to purchase a new drill in the near future. It will serve you for a long time, and the quality of the work performed will meet the specified requirements.

2018-05-07

How to choose a drill for metal

In this article we will tell you in detail how to choose a metal drill. You will receive answers to the following important questions.

1. Which metal drills to choose for performing certain works?
2. What characteristics and features do the most popular spiral varieties have?
3. What does the color of the drill bits mean?
4. How to read their markings?
5. What are the different shanks suitable for?
6. What additional considerations should be taken into account when choosing drills?

After studying the information, you can, without problems, which will best cope with your tasks.

We choose metal drills depending on their type and purpose

When choosing a drill for metal, the master, first of all, looks at its appearance.

Twist drills

The most popular type. These simple, cheap drills are designed to make blind and through holes of certain diameters. The working part is a cylindrical rod with two cutting edges. The grooves serve to remove chips.

Photo #1:

Cone drills

The working parts are shaped like cones. In everyday life, such metal drills are rarely used. They are best suited for special machines and two-handed drills. They are used to make holes with diameters from 6 to 60 mm.

Photo #2:

How to choose a step drill for metal

Conical step drills for metal are best suited for making holes in thin sheets. These tools look like this.

Photo #3:

As you can see, when making holes of different diameters in thin sheet metal, the tool does not need to be changed.

Center drills for metal

Designed for making centering holes in workpieces. They are necessary for fixing products on various special machines.

Photo #4:

Left hand drills

Specially designed for drilling out bolts and screws with broken heads. This cannot be done using ordinary drills. The bolt or screw will turn.

Photo #5:

Core drills for metal

Or annular cutters are used for quickly drilling large diameter holes (from 15 to 100 mm) in metal workpieces. The operating principle of such tools is based on core milling. It uses 4–12 times less energy than using conventional drills.

Photo #6:

These drills are designed for installation on drilling, milling and turning machines. For self made use special tools with QuickIN Plus type clamps.

Feather prefabricated drills

Excellent for machining cast iron, structural steel and hard forgings. These tools are used to make shaped and stepped holes of large diameters. Feather prefabricated drills consist of holders to which pentagonal cutting inserts of various sizes are attached. They have special grooves to remove chips.

Photo #7:

Carbide drills

Manufactured using special durable materials. There are the following types of such instruments.

1. Monolithic.
2. Welded.
3. With special plates.

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Such tools are purchased for processing workpieces made of heat-resistant steels and titanium alloys.
Next, we’ll tell you how to choose a high-quality twist drill for metal.

Spiral drills for metal: features of choice

When choosing drills for metal, craftsmen look at:

1. material of manufacture;
2. color;
3. labeling;
4. dimensions;
5. shank shape;
6. manufacturers.

What materials are metal drills made from?

The main material going to drill manufacturing for metal - high speed steel. To increase reliability and expand functionality, cobalt and molybdenum are added.
For example, if the alloy contains 5% cobalt, the service life of the drill increases three times. This tool can work with workpieces made of stainless and alloy steel with tensile strength limits up to 1000 N/mm2.

What does the color of metal drills say about their manufacturing technologies?

When choosing a drill for metal, its quality can be assessed by color.

1. Gray drill bits for metal.

Manufactured without using additional processing. They are used most often in everyday life. However, quality, service life and functionality leave much to be desired.

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1. Black drill bits for metal.

Black color indicates that when finishing tools used superheated steam. Such drills are suitable for working with workpieces made of alloyed and carbon steels, non-ferrous metals and other materials with tensile strength up to 800 N/mm2.

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1. Drills for metal with a faint golden tint.

It means that during finishing processing tempering was used to relieve internal stresses and hardening. They are distinguished by reliability and durability.

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1. Bright gold drill bits.

They are more expensive than analogues, but are distinguished by maximum quality and durability. The bright gold color means the drill is coated with titanium nitrite. Using such tools, it is possible to process workpieces made of materials with a tensile strength of up to 1100 N/mm2. Another advantage of such drills is their low coefficient of friction.

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Metal drill sizes

Size is also one of the main criteria for choosing a twist drill for metal. According to GOST, these instruments are divided into three groups.

1. Short. Diameter - 0.3–20 mm. Length - 20–131 mm.
2. Elongated. Diameter - 0.3–20 mm. Length - 131–205 mm.
3. Long. Diameter - 1–20 mm. Length - 205–254 mm.

Choose metal drills depending on the dimensions of the workpiece, as well as the type and diameter of the hole that needs to be made.

Russian and foreign markings of drills

According to Russian standards:

1. All twist drills with a diameter of 2 mm or more are subject to marking;
2. on drills with a diameter of 2–3, only the steel grade is applied and cross section;
3. Drills with a diameter of 3 mm or more are also marked with the logo of the manufacturer.

Russian markings contain numbers and letters “P”, “M” and “K”.

1. "P6". Means that the drill is made of high-speed steel with a 6% tungsten content.
2. "M5". This indicates that the alloy contains molybdenum (5%).
3. "K5". Added cobalt (5%).

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In foreign markings, the letter “P” is replaced by the abbreviation HSS. Information about the composition of the alloy and the purpose of the drill is added to it. We list the most commonly used designations and their explanations.

1. HSS-TiN. The glass is coated with titanium nitride. The heat resistance of the tool is 600 °C.
2. HSS-TiAN. Titanium nitride is alloyed with aluminum. The heat resistance of the tool is 900 °C.

These are the most reliable and wear-resistant drills designed to work with various metals(including titanium).

1. HSS-G. The purpose of such tools is to drill carbon and alloy steels, as well as copper and aluminum alloys.
2. HSS-E. In addition to the above materials, stainless and acid-resistant steels are drilled.
3. HSS-G Co 5. Drills various metals with tensile strength up to 1100 N/mm2.

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Selecting a twist drill for metal based on the shape of the shank

When choosing a metal drill, also pay attention to the shape of the shank. The shank is the part of the drill that is clamped into the chuck. There are the following main types of shanks.

1. Cylindrical.

The most common type. Usually the diameters of the shank and drill are the same, but there are also models in which the shanks are thicker or thinner than the working parts. The disadvantages of cylindrical shanks include the inability to transmit large torque to the tool. The main advantage is that if the drill jams, the drill will not break.

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1. Hexagonal.

They can be clamped with conventional jaw chucks and inserted into special holders. Drills with such shanks can transmit high torques. When installing such tools in holders, accuracy is slightly reduced.

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1. Conical.

Industrial drills and machine tools are equipped with drills with such shanks.

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The best drill manufacturers

We list drill manufacturers whose products are popular.

1. Bosh.

This German company occupies a leading position in the market. Despite high prices The demand for products does not decrease, because they are of high quality and durability. You can buy Bosh drills either individually or in sets.

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1. Ruko.

This company is also located in Germany. Supplies various cutting tools to the world market. The product combines high quality and reasonable cost. Special attention deserves a series of twist drills with cross sharpening (TL 3000).

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1. "Bison".

This is one of the leading domestic producers. We recommend paying attention to the Cobalt series. It includes reliable, accurate and high-quality metal drills (GOST 10902-77). At the same time, product prices are significantly lower.

Photo No. 19: Bison drills

1. Sekira.

This is our own brand. We specialize in the production of wear-resistant and high-quality twist drills in accordance with GOST 10902-77 with cylindrical shanks. The production uses high-speed steel grade R6M5. Our drills are suitable for working with various metals (gray cast iron, non-ferrous metals and their alloys, heat-resistant, high-strength and corrosion-resistant steels and alloys, titanium alloys, etc.). You can purchase our products at the lowest possible prices.

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How to choose the right drill for metal: important features

To choose the right drill for metal, consider the following important features.

1. Pay attention to the sharpening angle. Choose it depending on the type of metal you will drill.
2. Bronze - 130–140°.
3. Cast iron - 118°.
4. Structural steel - 116°.
5. Stainless steel- 120°.
6. If you are purchasing drills for rare household use, you can save money and buy cheap gray models. Otherwise, choose quality.
7. Make sure the shank fits your tool.
8. If you need to maintain tolerances, purchase drills with a higher accuracy class (A1).

How to choose a metal drill for a self-tapping drill

To select a drill for a metal screw, follow the following principle. The diameter of the drill must be less than the diameter of the screw.

Image #2: table for selecting drill diameters for metal screws

Before screwing in the fasteners, lubricate the hole with machine oil. Fixation will take place without much effort.

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