Rocket stove from a gas cylinder: a stove from a fairy tale. Do-it-yourself long-burning rocket stove Do-it-yourself rocket stove from a cylinder

Today, quite a lot of varieties and models of wood-burning stoves have been developed and implemented. In this series, the do-it-yourself rocket stove, the drawings of which will be presented below, fully meets all expectations. Such a heating structure certainly deserves close attention, as it has some specific advantages that are indispensable in certain conditions.

This version of a wood-burning stove is simple and original in design and does not require a large number of expensive components and materials for production. Probably anyone can install such a stove by making it on their own, even if they do not have experience in constructing such structures, but can read the provided drawings and work with some tools.

It is interesting to note that, if necessary, a rocket stove can be made even in 20–30 minutes, for example, from an iron can. However, if you make every effort, it is possible to get a comfortable stationary structure for your home with a heated couch that can even replace an ordinary sofa. At the same time, a rocket stove will not require complex arrangements, like bell-type or Russian stoves, which are massive structures.

Operating principle of the rocket stove

The rocket stove was originally conceived as one of the functional survival items in difficult conditions. Therefore, its design had to meet certain criteria:

• Efficient room heating.
• Possibility of cooking.
• High efficiency of the device when used for heating of various wood fuels of any quality.
• The ability to add fuel without stopping the combustion process.
• In addition, the stove had to retain heat for at least 6-7 hours to allow the owners to spend the night in comfortable conditions.
• Maximum safety of the structure, in terms of eliminating the possibility of leakage into the room carbon monoxide.
• Another condition that had to be met was the simplicity and accessibility of the design for its manufacture by any non-professional.

Therefore, we took as a basis basic principles several types of heating devices using wood solid fuel:

• Free circulation of heated air and gases through all channels. The stove operates without forced air, and the draft is created by a chimney that draws out combustion products. The higher the pipe is raised, the more intense the draft.
• The principle of afterburning gases released during combustion from fuel (pyrolysis), which is used in devices long burning. This operating principle is extremely important due to the high efficiency of the device, which is achieved by creating special conditions for the afterburning of pyrolysis gases for the most complete use of the energy potential contained in the fuel.

The term “pyrolysis” means the decomposition of solid fuel into volatile substances under the influence of high temperatures and simultaneous “oxygen starvation”. Under certain conditions, they are capable of burning, also releasing a large amount of thermal energy. It is important to know that the pyrolysis of insufficiently dried wood takes quite a long time in the gas phase, that is, the released pyrolysis gas will require a lot of heat to create a mixture (wood gas) that can burn completely. Therefore, it is not recommended to use wet fuel for a rocket stove.

Variety of rocket stoves - from simple to complex

The simplest design of a rocket stove

In a simple design of a rocket stove, heated by bunches of branches or splinters, combustion products are almost immediately sent into the chimney, without having time to form flammable wood gas in the stove body, so it will not be possible to heat the room with it. Such ovens can only be used for cooking. This model is manufactured in stationary and mobile versions; it only operates on the principle of free circulation of heated air, since the required conditions are not created in it for a full-fledged pyrolysis process.

In such furnaces, it is used as a fuel chamber. small area pipes. It can have a horizontal position, as shown in the diagram, or be turned upward. In the latter case, fuel is loaded vertically.

After igniting the fuel placed in the pipe, the heated gases released from it rush up the vertical section of the pipe to the outside.

Containers for cooking or heating water are installed on top of the vertical pipe. To ensure that gases escape freely and the bottom of the container does not completely block the draft in the pipe, a special metal stand is installed on top of the stove. She creates gap the right size, which Helps maintain cravings.

On top is a very original stand for a container with heated water

By the way, this simplest type of furnace device was the first to be invented, and because of the upward opening of the firebox and the flame escaping from it, the furnace most likely received the name rocket. In addition, if the combustion mode is incorrect, the structure emits a whistling “rocket” hum, but if the stove is configured correctly, it rustles quietly.

Advanced Rocket Stove

Since it is impossible to heat the room using the simplest rocket stove with a free exit of gases, the design was later supplemented with a heat exchanger and smoke exhaust ducts.

After the improvements, the entire operating principle of the rocket stove has changed somewhat.

• To maintain the high temperature of heated air in a vertical pipe, it was insulated with fire-resistant material, and then covered on top with another metal casing made from a larger diameter pipe or metal barrel with closed top.
• A door was installed on the opening of the firebox, and a separate channel for secondary air appeared in the lower part of the furnace. Through it, blowing began to take place (necessary for afterburning pyrolysis gases), which previously occurred through an open firebox.
• In addition, the chimney pipe was moved to the lower part of the body, which forced the heated air to circulate throughout the body, going around all the internal channels, rather than going directly into the atmosphere.

• The combustion products, which have a high temperature, first began to rise to the ceiling of the outer casing, accumulate there and heat it, which made it possible to use the outer horizontal surface as a hob. Then, the flow of gases cools down and goes down, turns into an elbow and only from there goes into the chimney pipe.
• Thanks to the intake of secondary air, gases are burned at the end of the lower horizontal channel, which significantly increases the efficiency of the furnace. The free circulation of gases creates a self-regulating system that limits the flow of air into the combustion chamber, since it is supplied only as the hot gases cool under the “ceiling” of the housing.

A very popular scheme is made from a metal profile and an old gas cylinder

The stove model shown in the figure operates like a “stove stove” and has a chimney leading outside. However, it is unsuitable for use in residential premises, since, due to changes in external pressure, reverse draft may occur, which will contribute to the entry of carbon monoxide into the room. Therefore, such a stove should always be supervised, and it is most often used for heating utility rooms or a garage.

Rocket stove with a warm bed

A rocket stove with a stove bench is also constructed on the principle of afterburning pyrolysis gases, but in this version the heat exchanger is a structure of combined long channels coming from the stove and laid or formed from non-flammable plastic materials under the surface of the stove bench.

It should be noted that such a heating system is by no means new, and, in fact, such a rocket stove has a fairly rich history. It was invented a long time ago, presumably in Manchuria, called “kan”, and is still traditional for peasant houses in China and Korea.

Similar stoves called “kan” have long been used to heat homes in East Asia.

The system is a wide bed made of stone, brick and clay, inside which The air heated in the stove passes through the arranged channels, which are essentially an elongated chimney. Passing through this labyrinth and gradually giving off heat, the gas flow, cooling, exits into a chimney with a height of 3000 ÷ 3500 mm, located on the street, next to the house.

The stove itself is located at one end of the stove bench and, as a rule, is equipped with a hob, which allows it to be used for cooking.

On top of the stone-clay structure “kan” is covered with straw or bamboo mats, or it is arranged there wood flooring. At night, the couches were used as beds, and during the day - in the form of a seat, on which, traditionally for Asian peoples, a special low table 300 mm high was installed - meals were taken behind it.

This heating system is quite economical in terms of fuel consumption, since to heat it it is enough to use a medium-thick branch. Such a rocket stove is capable of retaining heat for a long time, creating comfortable conditions for sleep throughout the night.

And Korean “ondol” stoves probably became the prototypes of modern “warm floors”

Korean homes use a heating system similar to “kan”, which is called “ondol”. This heating option, unlike the Chinese one, is installed not inside the couch, but under the entire floor of the house. In principle, it can be argued that this method of transferring and distributing heat into living spaces seems to form the basis for the design of the modern “warm floor” system.

Furnace design with connected the pipes to it can be clearly seen in the diagram presented.

Nowadays, with the modern rich variety of materials, the channels in this furnace design can be made of metal pipes laid in the form of a coil and well insulated with non-flammable materials. Therefore, the last section of the chimney system can exit from the structure of the stove next to the stove itself or at the end of the stove, and then go through the wall into a chimney installed on the street.

In the presented diagram you can see the results of the design work, which made it possible to achieve a relative simplicity of the scheme, which has high efficiency, and also meets all the requirements for a speech rocket.

Fuel is loaded vertically into the combustion hole. Then it is set on fire, and, burning out, gradually settles down. The air that supports combustion enters the bottom of the combustion chamber through an opening that acts as a blower. It must provide sufficient air flow for afterburning of the released products of thermal decomposition of wood. But, at the same time, there should not be too much air, since it can cool the initially released gases, and in this case the process of afterburning the pyrolysis gases will not be able to take place, and the combustion products will settle on the walls of the housing.

In this version, the vertical loading furnace has the chamber has a blind cover, which will eliminate the risk of gases entering the room when creating reverse draft.

In a completely isolated volume of released gas, thermal energy is generated, temperature and pressure rise, and thrust increases. As the fuel burns, the burning gases escape through the channels of the furnace body into the heat exchanger, heating the internal surfaces along the way. Since the channels have a complex configuration, gases are retained inside the furnace for a longer time, giving off heat to the body and surfaces of the channels, which, in turn, they heat the surface of the couch and, accordingly, the room itself.

Over time, any furnace and its ducts require cleaning of soot deposits. In this design, the problem area is the heat exchanger pipes located inside the bench. In order to carry out these preventive measures without problems, a hermetically sealed cleaning door is installed at the level of the heat exchanger turning from the furnace body into the pipes under the stove bench (indicated “Secondary Airtight Ash Pit” in the diagram). It is in this place that all unburnt products of thermal decomposition of wood concentrate and settle. The door is periodically opened and the passages are cleared of soot - this process guarantees long-term operation of the chimney. In order for the door to close tightly, asbestos gaskets must be secured to its inner edges.

How to properly heat a rocket stove?

To obtain maximum effect heating, it is recommended to preheat the stove before adding the bulk of the fuel. This process is carried out using paper, dry shavings or sawdust, which are set on fire in the firebox. When the system warms up, it will change the sound it makes - it may fade out or change its tone. The main fuel is placed into the heated unit, which will ignite from the heat already created by heating.

Any firewood and even thin branches are suitable for the rocket stove, but the main thing is that they be dry.

Until the fuel burns well, the combustion chamber or ash door must be kept open . But only when the fire becomes intense and the stove begins to hum, the door is closed. Then, during the combustion process, the access of air from the ashpit is gradually blocked - here you need to focus on the tonality of the sound of the stove. If the air damper accidentally closes and the intensity of the flame decreases, it must be opened slightly again and the stove will flare up with renewed vigor.

Advantages and disadvantages of the rocket stove

Before moving on to a description of the manufacturing process of a rocket stove, it is advisable to summarize information about its advantages and disadvantages.

Rocket stoves are quite popular due to their positive qualities , which include:

• Simplicity of design and small amount of materials.
• Even a novice master can make any of the furnace designs, if desired.
• The construction of a rocket stove does not require the purchase of expensive building materials.
• Undemanding requirement for forced chimney draft, self-regulation of stove operation.
• High efficiency rocket furnace with a pyrolysis gas afterburning system.
• Possibility of adding fuel while firing the stove.

Despite the large number of advantages of this design, its operation also has a number of shortcomings :

• Using the simplest design rocket furnace Only dry branches and splinters can be used, since excess moisture can cause backdraft. In a more complex device system, the use of damp wood is also not recommended, because it will not provide the required temperature for pyrolysis to occur.
• The rocket stove cannot be left unattended during combustion, as this is very unsafe.
• This type of device is unsuitable for heating a bathhouse, since it does not give off enough heat in the infrared range, which is especially important for a steam room. A rocket stove with a stove bench can only be suitable for the recreation room of a sauna building.

Video: special opinion on rocket stoves

Making a rocket stove with a stove bench

Rocket stoves can have different sizes, and a variety of materials are used for their manufacture - these are metal pipes, barrels and gas cylinders, bricks and clay. It is quite acceptable and combined option, consisting of pipes, stones, clay and sand. It is he who deserves special attention.

From a gas cylinder you can make a stove that is simple in design, including using it for a version with a stove bench.

How to make a simple stove itself is more or less clear from the drawings presented above and the description of its operation, so it is worth considering the manufacture of a heating unit, specifically equipped with a stove bench.

Video: homemade rocket stove from a gas cylinder

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To make it completely clear what and where is located in the design of the rocket furnace, this diagram will be used to describe the work.

So, the rocket stove in question consists of the following elements:

• 1a– a blower with an air supply regulator, with the help of which the oven is adjusted to the desired mode;
• 1b– fuel chamber (hopper) with a blind lid;
• 1c– a channel for supplying secondary air, ensuring complete combustion of pyrolysis gases released by wood;
• 1g– flame tube 150÷200 mm long;
• 1d– primary chimney (riser), with a diameter of 70÷100 mm.

The flame tube should not be made too long or short. If this element is too long, then the secondary air in it will quickly cool down and the process of afterburning the pyrolysis gases will not reach completion.

The entire structure of the flame pipe and riser must be thermally insulated as efficiently as possible. The task of this unit is to ensure complete combustion of pyrolysis gases and supply hot masses from the riser to other channels, which will already transfer heat to the room and to the bench.

It should be noted here that in order to obtain optimal efficiency from the furnace, the diameter R The azer needs to be made 70 mm in size, and if the goal is to achieve maximum power oven, then it should be made with a diameter of 100 mm. In this case, the length of the flame tube should be 150÷200 mm. Further, when describing the installation of the furnace, dimensions will be given for both cases.

It is impossible to immediately pass heated air from the riser into the heat accumulator, since its temperature reaches 900÷1000 degrees. High-quality heat-resistant heat-accumulating materials have a fairly high price, therefore, most often, adobe (clay mixed with chopped straw) is used for these purposes. This material has a high heat capacity potential, but is not heat resistant, so the design of the secondary furnace (cylinder body) begins with an air temperature converter, which must be heated to only 300 degrees. Part of the generated heat is immediately released into the room and replenishes current heat loss.

The described functions are performed by the furnace body, made from a standard 50 liter gas cylinder.

• 2a– furnace body cover. Heated air enters under it from the riser;
• 2b– a cooking surface that is heated from the inside by heated gases escaping from the riser;
• 2v– metal insulation of the riser (shell);
• 2g– heat exchange channels. Heated gas enters them, diverging under the ceiling of the housing;
• 2d– lower metal part of the body;
• 2e– exit from the housing to the cleaning chamber.

The main task when arranging these parts of the furnace is to ensure complete tightness of the smoke exhaust line.

In the housing (drum), at a height ⅓ from its “ceiling”, the gases cool down and already have normal temperature to enter them into storage. From approximately this height to the floor of the room, the oven thermally insulated several layers different compositions- this process is called lining.

• 3a– the second cleaning chamber, through which the heat exchanger (“hog”) located under the stove bench is cleaned of carbon deposits;
• 3b– sealed door of the second cleaning chamber;
• 4 – “hog”, long horizontal section chimney located under the stove bench.

Having passed through the “hog” pipes and almost completely transferred the heat to the adobe bench, the gases escape through the main chimney channel into the atmosphere.

Having understood the structure of the rocket furnace in detail, you can proceed to its construction.

Construction of a rocket stove with a stove bench - step by step

First of all, you need to prepare lining compounds. Their components will cost very little, since they can often be found completely free, literally right under your feet:

• 5a– adobe. As mentioned above, this is clay mixed with chopped straw and mixed with water until thick. masonry mortar. Any clay for making adobe is suitable, since it will not be influenced by external atmospheric influences;
• 5 B– oven clay mixed with crushed stone. This will be the main heat insulator. The mortar should have the consistency of a bricklaying mixture;
• 5v– heat-resistant lining made of oven clay and fireclay sand in proportions 1:1 and having the consistency of plasticine;
• 5g– ordinary sifted sand;
• 5d – medium-fat clay for stove masonry.

Step-by-step work on the design is carried out in the following sequence:

Bed for the couch

Having prepared everything necessary compositions, a bed is made - a durable wooden shield of the desired configuration. Its frame is made of timber with a cross-section of 100×100 mm. Frame - with cells measuring 600x900 mm under the stove and 600x1200 mm under the stove bench. If a curvilinear shape of the bed is planned, then it is brought to the desired configuration with the help of boards and scraps of timber.

The bed is a frame base for the further construction of the furnace structure

The frame is sheathed with a tongue and groove board 40 mm thick - it is fixed across the long sides of the frame. Later, after the installation of the stove is completed, the side façade of the bed will be covered with plasterboard. All details wooden structure beds must be impregnated with biocide and then painted twice with a water-based emulsion.

Next, on the floor, in the place of the room where the stove will be installed, mineral cardboard (cardboard made of basalt fibers) 4 mm thick, size and shape completely corresponding to the parameters of the bed. Directly under the stove, a sheet of roofing iron is fixed on top of the cardboard, which will extend 200–300 mm from under the stove in front of the firebox.

Then, the bed is transferred and firmly installed on the selected and covered location oven, so that the frame stands stable, without play. At the end of the future bed, at a height of 120–140 mm above the bed level, a hole for the chimney is made in the wall.

Formwork and pouring the first level of adobe mixture

A durable formwork is installed along the entire contour of the bed, having a height (A -40÷50 mm) and a smooth upper edge.

The adobe mixture (5a) is poured into the formwork and its surface is leveled using the rule. The sides of the formwork serve as beacons for leveling.

Manufacturing of the furnace body

• While the adobe filling dries, and this process will take 2-3 weeks, you can start making the stove body from a cylinder. It should be noted that a rocket stove is made from a barrel in exactly the same way.

Cutting a gas cylinder and making a lid with a “skirt”

• The first step is to cut off the top of the empty cylinder to obtain a hole with a diameter of 200÷220 mm. Next, this hole is closed with a pre-prepared steel round timber 4 mm thick - this surface will play the role of a hob. After this, another cut is made 50÷60 mm below the hob to form a lid.
• It is welded along the outer perimeter of the resulting cover, so-called“skirt” made of thin sheet steel. The width of the skirt should be 50÷60 mm, the seam of this strip is welded. If you have no experience in welding, then it is better to entrust this process to a professional.
• After this, along the entire circumference of the skirt, stepping back from the bottom edge of 20÷25 mm, holes are evenly drilled into which the bolts will be screwed.
• Next, the lower empty part of the cylinder is cut off at a height of approximately 70 mm from the bottom. Then, a hole is cut in the bottom of the cylinder to allow the riser to enter the body.
• After this, it is necessary to attach a well-woven asbestos cord to the inner edge of the lid using Moment glue, and then immediately put it on the body of the cylinder and press it on top with a load of 2.5–3 kg. The cord will serve as a sealing gasket. Next, through the holes in the metal “skirt”, through holes are drilled in the cylinder body, in which threads are cut for the bolts.
• After this, you need to measure the depth of the case, since it is necessary to determine the height of the riser.
• Then the cap is removed from the cylinder to protect the gasket from being completely saturated with glue, otherwise the asbestos will lose its elasticity.

Manufacturing of the furnace combustion part

The next step is to make the following elements from a square pipe (or channel) with a cross-section of 150×150 mm: 1a - blower, 1b - combustion chamber; 1g - heat channel.

The riser (1d) is made from a round pipe with a diameter of 70÷100 mm.

The angle of insertion of the combustion chamber (hopper) into the blower and flame pipe can vary within 45÷60 degrees from the horizontal. Its upper edge is placed flush with the blower element protruding forward, as shown in the diagram.

At the bottom of the blower and flame pipes, you need to separate the secondary air channel (1c). It is separated by a metal plate 3÷4 mm thick. Its rear edge should end exactly at the level of the front wall of the riser, and the front edge should extend forward of the blower by 25÷30 mm. The plate is pinched in four places by welding inside the pipe.

Then, at the end of the flame tube, a hole is cut out from above, into which the riser is welded at a right angle, and the end of this channel is closed with a metal square, also secured by welding.

Must be installed on the blower door - latch, which will help regulate the air supply. The combustion chamber lid is made of galvanized metal. The bunker does not require a hermetically sealed closure - the main thing is that the lid fits tightly to the inlet.

After this, the finished structure is coated with a 5B solution. A continuous lining is made only at the bottom, and the sides and top of the blower are left free of lining. To make the coating mixture dry faster, the structure is placed on the pole with a blower chamber. It is necessary to ensure that the mixture does not slide off the surfaces or disgrace, since the lining plays a big role in retaining heat. If this happens, then the coating must be done again, using thicker clay.

Insulation for rocket stove

After the adobe layer has dried, formwork is installed to provide heat-resistant thermal insulation for the furnace. It is done only under the location of the stove. The height of the formwork together with the adobe layer will be 100÷110 mm.

The installed formwork is filled with composition 5b and leveled along the beacons, which will serve as the sides of the formwork. On main diagram this layer is designated by the letter B.

Manufacturing of the drum bottom and shell

The shell is made of a round pipe with a diameter of 150÷200 mm or it is rolled up from a steel sheet.

The bottom round timber, which will be placed inside the drum, is cut from sheet metal 1.5÷2 mm thick, and a round hole is cut in the middle of it. The circumference diameter of this element should be 4 mm less internal size cylinder, and the diameter of the middle cutout for the shell is made 3 mm larger than its outer diameter.

Installation of the combustion structure

After the thermal insulation layer has dried in the formwork, the combustion structure is mounted on it. It is installed by controlling the level vertically and horizontally, and then fixed to the heat-insulating layer using pegs. Then, formwork with a height of 350÷370 mm from the floor is installed around the furnace. Here you need to take into account that the cleaning chamber (3a) and its door (3b) must be installed next to the frozen mixture (5b) with which the formwork will be filled. The connection (2e) of the cleaning chamber with the heat exchange channel (2d) will pass over the lining composition poured into the formwork. The mixture is also leveled to perfection, level with formwork, using rules.

Cleaning chamber

While the mixture dries in the formwork, you can start making a cleaning chamber with a door and a transition to the heat exchanger. It is made of galvanized steel, 1.5÷2 mm thick, and its front part is made of metal 4÷6 mm thick. A hole with a diameter of 150÷180 mm is cut in the side of the cleaning chamber to install the end of the chimney pipe, which will pass under the bed.

The cleaning chamber door is made with dimensions of 160×160 mm, also from steel 4÷6 mm. Before installing it, a sealing gasket made of mineral cardboard is installed around the perimeter of the inner surface. The door itself is screwed to the camera box with fastening bolts, for which threads are cut in the drilled holes.

This diagram shows the dimensions of all elements and the location of installation and connection of the chamber with the drum (cylinder). Next, after trying on the elements, a window 70 mm in size is cut out in the lower part of the furnace drum, into which the connecting channel (2e) will be mounted by welding.

The corrugated pipes under the bed can be located arbitrarily, depending on the configuration of the bed; it is only important to adhere to the dimensions indicated on the drawing for the manufacture of the cleaning chamber, indicated under the letters A, B and C. How to correctly attach the “hog” pipe will be discussed below.

Drum installation

When the solution in the formwork dries, it is removed. A combustion system drum made from a gas cylinder is placed on the riser, on top of the hardened thermal insulation. The drum is currently installed without a cover - its installation is shown in the diagram presented.

Solution 5b is laid out on the bottom of the installed drum, and with the help of a spatula, an inclined surface of 6-8 degrees is formed from it, towards the exit window of the cleaning chamber. Then, a round piece of wood is put on the riser and lowered to the bottom of the drum. metal sheet and pressed onto the laid mortar. The solution is removed from the middle hole around the riser, otherwise it will be impossible to install the shell pipe. After this, the pipe itself is put on the riser into the freed space and lightly screwed into the solution. All gaps formed along the external and internal contours are coated with clay (5d).

Lining the fuel structure from the inside

After installing the shell and hearth, there is no need to wait for the thermal insulation solution to dry; you can immediately proceed to lining the riser. The composition (5 g) is poured into the shell, around the riser, in 6–7 layers. Each layer must be compacted as much as possible, while wetting the dry mixture with water from a spray bottle. From above, this space filled with sand is covered with a clay layer (cork) 50÷60 mm thick, using a 5d solution.

Installation of the cleaning chamber

After installing the drum, you need to install a cleaning chamber. Installing the box is not difficult - to do this, a layer of 5d solution, which has a thickness of 3÷4 mm, is applied to the transition channel and the hole in the drum, as well as to the side and bottom of the box. The box is installed in place, and the window of the transition channel (2e) is inserted into the prepared hole of the drum and pressed well and pressed down. The solution that appears on the sides is immediately smeared. The entrance of the cleaning chamber to the drum must be well sealed, therefore, if there are gaps left, they must be sealed well.

Laying the thermal insulation layer

Formwork for level D

Next, formwork is installed along the outer contour of the bed, just as in the manufacture of level A. The height of this level D must be determined, focusing on the hole for connecting the “hog”. Above the upper edge of the hole, the level should be raised by approximately 80÷100 mm.

Filling the formwork

The next step is to fill the formwork with adobe solution (5a) to the lower edge of the hole prepared for installing a “hog” in the cleaning chamber On the one side, and at the end of the bench - to the lower edge of the outlet for the chimney.

The mixture is laid out and leveled manually, while ensuring that the mixture adheres as closely as possible to the previous layer. Thus, from the cleaning chamber to the chimney outlet a rise is formed for “hog” pipes, the height difference of which should be 15÷30 mm. This design is necessary to ensure that the bed warms up evenly.

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Corrugated pipe installation

The next step is to stretch the corrugated pipe over the entire length of the bed. One end of it is connected to the cleaning chamber, inserted into the hole to a depth of 20÷25 mm and flaring inside the camera flat screwdriver through the cleaning door. Then the entrance of the pipe to the ash pan is coated with 5d solution, and the beginning of the pipe 150÷200 mm is coated with adobe. This will secure the pipe well in the desired position and prevent it from slipping out of the hole during further work.

After this, the pipe in the formwork is laid in the form of a coil, but it should always be at a distance of about 100 mm from the edges of the formwork and the wall. During the installation process, the pipe is pressed into the adobe layer laid underneath. Having laid the pipe along its entire length, its second end is fixed with clay mortar into the chimney outlet.

After this, the entire “hog” is covered with adobe mortar, which must be compacted well, especially between the bends of the pipe, so that no voids form in it. After the space is filled with adobe mass flush with the top of the corrugated pipe, a more liquid adobe solution is poured into the formwork, and at the end the surface is smoothed using a rule that is carried out along the walls of the formwork, which act as beacons.

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Installing covers

After this, the covers of the cleaning chamber and drum are secured with bolts. They need to be tightened tightly so that they press the gaskets installed inside.

Furnace drum coating

Next, the furnace drum is coated with adobe ⅔, from the bottom of the body. The upper part of the drum is left free from the adobe layer. Thermal insulation is applied with a thickness of at least 100÷120 mm, and the coating configuration is chosen by the master himself.

Furnace finishing

After two or two and a half weeks, the adobe layer should dry out and the installed formwork can be removed. Then, if necessary, the right corners of the structure are rounded. In addition, the drum is covered with heat-resistant enamel that can withstand temperatures up to 450÷750 degrees. The adobe surface of the bed is covered acrylic varnish in two layers, each of which should dry well. The varnish will hold the surface material together, preventing it from collecting dust, protect the adobe from moisture and give the aesthetics of glazed clay.

If desired, a wooden flooring made of thin boards can be laid on the surface of the bed - it is often made removable. The side parts of the bed are sometimes finished with plasterboard or covered with stone. Decorative finishing is carried out to the taste of the home owner.

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Carrying out a furnace test

A dry oven must be tested. To do this, you should warm up the structure by placing light fuel in the form of paper in the ash pan and replenishing it during the combustion process. When you feel warmth on the surface of the stove, you can add the main fuel to the combustion chamber. When the stove begins to hum, the vent closes until the sound changes to a “whisper.”

In conclusion, it must be said that the rocket stove can also be made of brick or stone - it all depends on the financial capabilities and creative abilities of the master. The main thing that can attract you in this design is the opportunity to improvise and create, using different materials for construction and decoration. Therefore, those who dream of installing a stove with a heated bench in their home should take a closer look at this option.

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Video: example of building a rocket stove with a warm bed

Evgeniy AfanasyevChief Editor

Author of the publication 18.01.2016

Content

Portable and stationary rocket stoves (jet stoves) have proven themselves to be practical, energy-efficient devices. Heating and cooking units got their name because of the characteristic roar, reminiscent of the sound jet engine– it sounds when excess air enters the firebox. Operating in standard operating mode, the stove does not disturb the acoustic comfort in the room.

Homemade rocket stoves

Features of the reaction furnace

First oven of this type was created for use in field conditions - a unit was needed for quick cooking and heating, and designed for operation in conditions of fuel shortage. The developers managed to find a solution that made it possible to produce a compact solid fuel stove with high efficiency.

Further modifications of the unit led to the invention of a stationary stove with a heated bench. Unlike the usual Russian stove, rocket stoves are not bulky and are easier to make yourself. The heat generator is capable of operating on one load of fuel for about 6 hours, while the stationary structure, for the construction of which adobe plaster is used, releases the accumulated heat within half a day after the firewood burns out.

Stationary design rocket stove with a stove bench retains heat for about 6 hours on one tab

Advantages of the design

The jet furnace is in growing demand because it is a non-volatile heat source that:

• easy to install - a primitive version of a rocket stove can be assembled from scrap materials in half an hour;
• works effectively even on fuel with low calorific value - damp firewood, thin branches, wood chips, bark, etc.;
• provides heating and allows you to cook food;
• completely burns fuel with afterburning wood gas, which minimizes the risk of carbon monoxide entering the room.

The design of the stove makes it possible to use it in the house without fear of causing damage to the thoughtful interior - the body of the stationary unit can be almost completely hidden in an attractive “shell”, which will serve as a heat accumulator.

To understand how good efficiency is achieved when working on low-quality fuel, you need to understand the operating principles of a jet stove.

During thermal decomposition, solid organic fuel releases gaseous substances, which also decompose and ultimately turn into wood gas (a mixture of combustible and inert gases), which burns with high heat output.

In an ordinary solid fuel stove, the thermal efficiency of wood gas is practically not used, since the gaseous intermediate phase goes with the smoke into the chimney, where it cools and settles on the walls in the form of carbon deposits, which are heavy hydrocarbon compounds. The higher the humidity of solid fuel, the less wood gas is formed and the more soot on the walls of the chimney. Accordingly, the worse the stove heats.

A rocket-type furnace differs from conventional solid fuel units in that its design makes it possible to provide conditions under which a significant part of the intermediate gases does not evaporate, but turns into wood and is burned. This is achieved due to a horizontal heat-insulated channel, where gases move more slowly than in a vertical pipe, and a thermal insulator prevents cooling and turning into carbon deposits. As a result, even from raw fuel, significantly more thermal energy is extracted compared to combustion in a conventional furnace.

In complex models of reactive heating units, the operating principle of a long-burning furnace, where afterburning of pyrolysis gases is provided, is combined with the design features of classic brick furnaces, in which heated air and gas circulate through internal channels. At the same time, such a rocket does not need additional blowing - the chimney creates the thrust in it, and the higher it is, the more intense the upward flow.

Despite the fact that rocket stoves are capable of squeezing maximum thermal energy from low-quality fuel, they demonstrate optimal efficiency indicators when using dry firewood.

Difficulties and disadvantages

The disadvantages include:

• manual control of the stove - fuel must be added regularly (the burning time of the filling depends on the configuration of the heater);
• some structural elements heat up to high temperatures and threaten to cause burns if they accidentally come into contact with the skin;
• It is not rational to use a rocket as a sauna stove, since it takes a long time to warm up the room.

The design of a jet stove looks extremely simple, but the invention of such a unit took a lot of time, since the key to effective operation is an accurate calculation so that the fuel combustion mode is optimally correlated with the traction force, etc.

Important! Rocket stoves are a heat engineering system that requires fine balancing. Failure to comply with the dimensions of the structure or errors in assembly, incorrect operating mode of the unit results in the stove roaring loudly during operation due to an unstable gas vortex in the chimney, requiring more fuel with low heat transfer and quickly becoming overgrown with soot.

The jet stove was invented in the USA, and the details of its construction are not disclosed - only corrected drawings are publicly available, based on which it is difficult to build a truly efficient heater.

Stove-bed at home

Models for outdoor and hiking use

Jet stoves of the simplest modification, made of a metal pipe or brick, are suitable for heating water and cooking food. They are easily made with your own hands for household needs.

To make a metal outdoor cooking stove, two pipes connected by an elbow at a right angle are enough. Legs made of reinforcing bars and a stand for dishes are welded to the structure (so that there is a gap between the bottom of the container and the cut of the pipe for smoke to escape).

Outdoor rocket stove made of pipes

This design can be improved by inserting another elbow with a pipe into the horizontal pipe, the height of which should be less than the chimney part - it will serve as a vertical firebox.

An even more functional modification is a camp stove made of a rectangular pipe with a firebox welded at an angle (it also serves as an ash pan). It is quite simple to make such a rocket oven with your own hands according to the drawings.

Robinson camping rocket stove with racks for dishes

To make the simplest outdoor reactive stove made of brick, you will need 5 minutes of time, 20 whole bricks and two more halves. Plus a metal stand for dishes.

Drawing of a Robinson stove with a stand for dishes

Such a stove must first be brought into operating mode - warm up the pipe, burning paper and wood chips, since gas stagnates in a cold pipe, preventing the fuel from burning well. When the pipe warms up, a powerful draft will appear when igniting the wood.

Jet stove made of bricks

Attention! A jet stove with a horizontal firebox has a significant drawback - it is necessary to constantly move the burning wood. An inclined or vertical loading hopper, along the walls of which firewood slides down under its own weight, makes the unit more convenient to use.

Heating and cooking stoves for premises

Can also be used to heat a greenhouse, garage or workshop. jet units, which are easy and quick to install with your own hands.

An analogue of a primitive furnace made of a metal pipe is built from brick on earthen floor or a specially prepared foundation. A brick rocket furnace is mounted from solid ceramic or fireclay bricks using heat-resistant mortar.

Stationary brick oven on an earthen floor

A more efficient version of the heating rocket stove is made using a metal barrel, which serves as a casing and allows the riser to be insulated ( inner tube, which serves as a combustion chamber and chimney). Ash, sifted sand, and a mixture of sand and fireclay clay are used as insulation. Thermal insulation helps create conditions for efficient production wood gas, and the more it is released from the fuel, the higher the thermal output of the wood-burning stove. In addition, this thermal insulation material (it must be well sealed during installation) plays the role of a heat accumulator, capable of heating the air in the room for several hours after the firewood burns out.

Rocket stove made of 21 bricks

Improved heaters

A jet stove with a free gas outlet is not suitable for use as a heating stove, so it is supplemented with smoke exhaust channels and a heat exchanger. Drawings of a rocket stove of various designs help to clearly see the difference.

The operating principle of the improved unit is as follows:

• in order to maintain a high temperature in the vertical channel, which promotes the production of wood gas, it is thermally insulated with fire-resistant material, while a casing (from a barrel or a larger diameter pipe) with a hermetically sealed top is installed on top;
• the combustion chamber is equipped with a door, in the lower part there is a special channel for supplying secondary air - this air supply is required for afterburning wood gas (in simple models, air enters only through the firebox without a door);
• due to installation chimney pipe in the lower part of the casing, the heated air does not go directly into the atmosphere, but circulates through channels inside the furnace body, actively giving off heat;
• flue gases with the highest temperature enter the upper part of the housing, directly under the flat lid, which makes it possible to use it as a hob, and the already cooled flow rushes into the chimney pipe;
• The efficiency of the stove is increased due to the intake of secondary air for combustion of pyrolysis gases, and the intensity of its supply is regulated by the system itself, since it depends on how quickly the flue gases cool in the upper part of the housing.

Advanced jet-type heating units include a long-burning rocket stove, which can be made from a gas cylinder, as well as a stove with a water jacket.

Jet heating unit from a propane cylinder

A rocket stove made from a gas cylinder is an easy-to-make wood-burning stove that uses fuel economically and effectively warms up the room.

For its assembly it is used:

• empty propane cylinder (unit body);
• steel pipe with a diameter of 100 mm (for arranging a chimney and a vertical channel);
• steel profile pipe 150x150 mm (firebox and loading hopper are made);
• sheet steel 3 mm thick.

Making a stove from a gas cylinder requires the use of a welding machine. If you plan to assemble such a rocket stove with your own hands, the drawings will help you accurately follow optimal sizes all structural elements.

Scheme of processes in a rocket furnace

At the preliminary stage of work, you should prepare gas cylinder- turn off the valve, fill the container to the top with water to ensure that gas vapors that can explode from a spark are removed from the container. Then the top part is cut off along the seam. A hole is cut in the lower part of the resulting cylinder for the chimney, and in the bottom for the combustion chamber with an attached firebox. The vertical channel is brought out through a hole in the bottom, and a structure from a profile pipe is welded on the bottom side, according to the rocket drawing.

Attention! The sheet metal cover should be made removable and a non-flammable seal (asbestos cord) should be provided for reliable sealing. The flat lid is used as a cooking surface.

If you are installing a rocket stove from a gas cylinder yourself, you should pay close attention to the quality of the welds and check their tightness - air should not flow uncontrollably into the working stove. If everything is in order, you can install the chimney.

Important! The top of the chimney must be raised to a height of 4 meters relative to the level of the firebox in order to ensure the required draft intensity.

Such a home stove is regulated in power by the volume of fuel loading. The jet stove is put into operation by supplying air through the combustion chamber; this is regulated by the hopper lid. Next, secondary air is constantly supplied to the unit. This heating stove explodes at the end of the combustion process, since it is impossible to shut off the supply of secondary air, and soot deposits on the inner walls of the vertical channel. The casing cover is made removable so that it can be removed periodically.

Boiler unit

A long-burning boiler can be obtained by installing a water circuit on the chimney of a stove made from a gas cylinder or other materials, but according to the same scheme indicated above. However, heating the water in the circuit of such a unit will be inefficient, since the main part of the thermal energy is transferred to the air in the room and to the containers on the hob.

An effective version of a rocket stove made from a metal barrel

If you want to create a rocket boiler for water heating with high efficiency, you will have to sacrifice cooking function. A do-it-yourself rocket stove according to the drawing presented below can be installed in a short time.

This will require:

• fireclay bricks and refractory masonry composition (for installing the base of the stove with a firebox);
• steel pipe with a diameter of 70 mm (for a vertical channel);
• steel barrel (for the casing);
• fireproof heat insulator;
• sheet steel 3 mm thick and a metal barrel (or pipe) of smaller diameter than the casing (for arranging a water jacket and smoke channels for heating the water circuit);
• steel pipe with a diameter of 100 mm for the chimney;
• container, pipes and connecting pipes for arranging a heat accumulator.

A rocket furnace with a water circuit is characterized by the fact that the thermal insulation of the vertical channel provides an optimal combustion mode for pyrolysis gases, while all the heated air enters the “coil” with a water jacket and releases the main part of the thermal energy there, heating the coolant.

Rocket stove with water circuit

The heat accumulator will continue to supply heated coolant to the heating circuit even after the furnace itself has cooled down. The container with water is equipped with a thick layer of insulation.

Heating unit with bench

A rocket stove with a stove bench is a device that can create a comfortable environment in one room. Such a unit cannot be used to heat several rooms, let alone the entire house.

Arranging such a long-burning unit with your own hands requires precise calculations - its power and the maximum permissible length of the hog on which the stove bed is located depend on the size of the stove body. It is also important to select the correct pipe cross-section for installation of the structure. Mistakes will result in the jet furnace becoming overgrown with soot in a short time or roaring loudly during operation due to turbulence in gas flows.

Design of a stove with a stove bench

Dimensions and proportions of the structure

To build a rocket stove with your own hands, you need to prepare detailed drawings, indicating the dimensions of all elements. At the project preparation stage, calculations are made based on the basic values ​​to which all others are tied.

Basic calculated values ​​are:

• D – diameter of the drum (furnace body);
• S is the internal cross-sectional area of ​​the drum.

Calculations of design parameters are carried out taking into account that:

1. The drum height (H) ranges from 1.5 to 2 D.
2. The coating of the drum is carried out at 2/3 N (if its edge is planned to be shaped, then 2/3 of the height should be the average).
3. The thickness of the coating layer on the drum is 1/3 D.
4. The internal cross-sectional area of ​​the vertical channel (riser) is 4.5-6.5% of S, the optimal value is in the range of 5-6%.
5. The height of the vertical channel is the maximum, as far as the furnace design allows, but the gap between the upper edge of the riser and the drum cover must be at least 70 mm for normal circulation flue gases.
6. The length of the flame pipe (fire duct) must be equal to the height of the vertical channel.
7. The cross-sectional area of ​​the fire pipeline is equal to the corresponding indicator of the riser. Moreover, it is recommended to use a square-section profile pipe for the fire pipeline; in this case, the stove operates more stable.
8. The cross-sectional area of ​​the blower is ½ of the cross-sectional area of ​​the firebox and riser. For stability and smooth adjustment For the furnace mode, a rectangular profile pipe with an aspect ratio of 2:1 is used, which is laid flat.
9. The volume of the secondary ash pan depends on the volume of the drum minus the volume of the riser. For a stove from a barrel - 5%, for a stove from a gas cylinder - 10%. For containers of intermediate volume, it is calculated according to linear interpolation.
10. The cross-sectional area of ​​the external chimney is 1.5-2 S.
11. The adobe cushion under the external chimney should be 50-70 mm thick - if the channel is made of a round pipe, the counting is from the lowest point. The thickness of the cushion under the chimney is halved if the bed is mounted on wooden floors.
12. The thickness of the coating layer of the stove bench above the chimney duct is 0.25 D if the drum is from a 600 mm barrel, and 0.5 D if the drum is from a 300 mm cylinder. If you reduce the coating layer, the structure will cool faster after heating.
13. The height of the external chimney pipe should be at least 4 meters.
14. The length of the flue, on which the length of the stove depends: for a stove from a barrel - up to 6 m, for a stove from a cylinder - up to 4 m.

A long-burning rocket stove made from a 600 mm diameter barrel reaches a power of about 25 kW, and a heating rocket made from a 300 mm barrel reaches up to 15 kW. The power can be regulated only by the volume of fuel; such a stove does not have air regulation, since the additional flow disrupts the stove mode and provokes the release of gases into the room. Changing the position of the blower door regulates not the power, but the operating mode of the furnace.

Lining features

The quality of the riser's thermal insulation directly affects the efficiency of the heating unit. In our area, lightweight fireclay bricks ShL and river sand with an admixture of alumina. The lining should have an external metal casing, otherwise the materials will quickly absorb carbon deposits and the furnace will roar during operation. The end of the lining is tightly covered with oven clay.

Proper execution linings

When using hewn fireclay bricks, the remaining cavities are filled with sand. If only sand is used for lining, it is sifted to remove large debris and covered in layers - each approximately 1/7 of the height of the pipe. Each layer is compacted tightly and sprinkled with water to form a crust. The backfill must be dried for a week, and then the end must be covered with a layer of oven clay. Then the construction of the rocket furnace with your own hands continues according to the drawings.

Heating unit options

Setting up a rocket stove from a gas cylinder can also be done if you create a heater with a stove bench. The design is somewhat different from the one discussed above.

The changes concern:

• flame tube length;
• presence of thermal insulation of the vertical channel;
• connecting a horizontal rather than vertical external chimney.

Rocket stove diagram

Note! The expanded part of the external chimney is the ash pit, into which there must be access for cleaning - a metal door sealed with non-combustible material.

Due to the fact that the chimney channel can be made long and curved, the stove can easily be given its original shape.

Option for making a stove-bed with an original shape

The adobe coating, which acts as a heat accumulator, is made from a mixture of fatty clay with sand and chopped straw.

Principles of starting a stove

Important! Continuous combustion jet stoves are launched exclusively “on a warm pipe”.

Before loading standard fuel, kindling is done with paper, shavings, straw and other dry light materials, which are placed in an open ash pit. When the vertical channel warms up sufficiently, the hum of the furnace subsides or changes tone. This is a signal that you can add the main fuel; it will flare up from the booster.

A jet stove will not regulate itself, so the hopper lid of a small stove or the ash door of a stationary unit should be kept open until the standard fuel ignites and the stove hums. The door is closed, trying to reduce the sound to a “whisper”. When the sound of the stove increases again, close the door again a little more tightly. If the door slams shut, then lifting it can allow the fuel to burn normally.

A mobile rocket stove is a convenient travel option, undemanding in terms of fuel and economical. Stationary units, depending on the design and size, are used for heating residential and auxiliary premises.

This unusual look heating systems is not familiar to ordinary developers. Many professional stove makers have also never encountered such structures. This is not surprising, since the idea of ​​a rocket stove relatively recently came to us from America and today enthusiasts are trying to bring it to the mass consciousness of citizens.

Due to their simplicity and low cost of design, thermal comfort and high efficiency, rocket stoves deserve a separate article, which we decided to devote to them.

How does a rocket stove work?

Despite the loud cosmic name, this heating design has nothing to do with missile systems. The only external effect that gives some resemblance is a jet of flame that escapes from the vertical pipe of the camping version of the rocket stove.

The work of this center is based on two basic principles:

1. Direct combustion - free flow of fuel gases through the furnace channels without stimulation by the draft created by the chimney.
2. Afterburning of flue gases released during wood combustion (pyrolysis).

The simplest jet stove operates on the principle of direct combustion. Its design does not allow achieving thermal decomposition of wood (pyrolysis). To do this, it is necessary to perform a powerful heat-accumulating coating of the outer casing and high-quality thermal insulation of the inner pipe.

Despite this, portable rocket stoves perform their functions well. They do not require much power. The generated heat is quite enough for cooking and heating in the tent.

Rocket furnace designs

You should start getting acquainted with any design with its simplest variants. Therefore, we present a diagram of the operation of a mobile rocket stove (Fig. 1). It clearly shows that the firebox and combustion chamber are combined in one piece of steel pipe bent upward.

To stack firewood, a plate is welded into the bottom of the pipe, under which there is an air hole. Ash, which plays the role of a heat insulator, helps to enhance heat transfer in the cooking area. It is poured into the lower part of the outer casing.

The secondary chamber (casing) can be made from a metal barrel, bucket, or an old gas cylinder.

Besides metal the simplest rocket oven can be built from several dozen bricks even without using mortar. A firebox and a vertical chamber are laid out of them. The dishes are placed on its walls so that there is a gap under the bottom for the flue gases to escape (Fig. 2).

A prerequisite for good operation of such a design is a “warm pipe,” as stove makers say. In practice, this means that before adding firewood, the rocket stove must be heated for several minutes, burning wood chips and paper in it. After the pipe is heated, the firewood is stacked in the firebox and set on fire, a powerful upward flow of hot gases appears in the stove channel.

Fuel loading in simple rocket furnace designs is horizontal. This is not very convenient, since it forces you to periodically push the wood into the firebox as it burns out. Therefore, in stationary systems, a vertical filling is used, and air is supplied from below through a special blower (Fig. 3).

After burning out, the firewood is lowered into the oven itself, saving the owner from manual feeding.

Main Dimensions

A visual representation of the configuration of a stationary long-burning rocket furnace is given by drawing No. 1.

Anyone who wants to build a stationary rocket stove, without being distracted by simplified modifications, must know its basic dimensions. All dimensions of this design are tied to the diameter (D) of the cap (drum) covering the vertical part of the flame tube (riser). The second dimension required for calculations is the cross-sectional area (S) of the cap.

Based on the two indicated values, the remaining dimensions of the furnace structure are calculated:

1. The hood height H ranges from 1.5 to 2D.
2. The height of its clay coating is 2/3H.
3. The thickness of the coating is 1/3D.
4. The cross-sectional area of ​​the flame tube is 5-6% of the area of ​​the hood (S).
5. The size of the gap between the hood cover and the upper edge of the flame tube should not be less than 7 cm.
6. The length of the horizontal section of the flame tube must be equal to the height of the vertical section. Their cross-sectional areas are the same.
7. The area of ​​the blower should be 50% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the flame tube. To ensure stable operation of the furnace, experts recommend making a fire channel from a rectangular metal pipe with an aspect ratio of 1:2. She is laid flat.
8. The volume of the ash pan at the outlet of the furnace into the external horizontal smoke channel must be at least 5% of the volume of the hood (drum).
9. The external chimney should have a cross-sectional area of ​​1.5 to 2S.
10. The thickness of the insulating cushion made of adobe, which is made under the external chimney, is chosen in the range from 50 to 70 mm.
11. The thickness of the adobe coating of the bench is chosen equal to 0.25D (for a drum with a diameter of 600 mm) and 0.5D for a cap with a diameter of 300 mm.
12. The external chimney must be at least 4 meters high.
13. The length of the gas duct in the stove depends on the diameter of the hood. If it is made from a 200-liter barrel (diameter 60 cm), then you can make a bed up to 6 meters long. If the cap is made of a gas cylinder (diameter 30 cm), then the bed should not be longer than 4 meters.

When building a stationary rocket furnace, you need to pay attention Special attention the quality of the lining of the vertical section of the flame pipe (riser). To do this, you can use refractory brick of the ShL brand (light fireclay) or washed river sand. To protect the lining from flue gases, it is made in a metal shell, using old buckets or a galvanized sheet.

Sand filling is done in layers. Each layer is compacted and lightly sprayed with water. After making 5-6 layers, they are given a week to dry. It is easier to make thermal protection from fireclay, but the space between outer shell and the brick will also have to be covered with sand so that there are no empty cavities (Fig. 4).

Figure No. 4 of the lining diagram of the fire channels of rocket furnaces

After the backfill has dried, the upper edge of the lining is coated with clay and only after that installation is continued. jet furnace-missiles.

Advantages and disadvantages of rocket stoves

An important advantage of a properly constructed structure is omnivorousness. Such a stove can be heated with any type of solid fuel and wood waste. Moreover, the moisture content of the wood does not play a special role here. If someone claims that such a stove can only work on well-dried wood, then this means that serious mistakes were made during its construction.

The thermal output of a rocket furnace, the basis of which is a barrel drum, is very impressive and reaches 18 kW. A gas cylinder stove can develop thermal power up to 10 kW. This is quite enough to heat a room with an area of ​​16-20 m2. We also note that the power of rocket furnaces is adjusted only by changing the volume of loaded fuel. It is impossible to change heat transfer by supplying air. Blower adjustment is used only to put the furnace into operating mode.

Since the amount of heat generated by a rocket stove is very large, it is not a sin to use it for household needs such as heating food (on the drum lid). But use such a hearth to heat the water used in the system radiator heating it is forbidden. Any introduction of coils and registers into the furnace structure negatively affects its operation, worsening or stopping the pyrolysis process.

Helpful advice: before you start building a stationary jet stove, make a simplified camp structure from metal or clay. This way you will practice basic assembly techniques and gain useful experience.

The disadvantages of rocket stoves include the impossibility of using them in bathhouses and garages. Their design is designed for energy storage and long-term heating. Therefore, it cannot provide a lot of heat in a short period of time, as is necessary in a steam room. For garages where fuels and lubricants are stored, an open flame stove is also not the best option.

Assembling a rocket stove with your own hands

The easiest way to assemble a camping and garden version of a jet stove. To do this, you do not have to purchase masonry materials and prepare adobe for coating.

Several metal buckets, a stainless steel pipe for the fire channel and small crushed stone for backfilling - that’s all you need to make a rocket stove with your own hands.

First step– cutting out a hole in the lower bucket with metal scissors to allow the flame tube to pass through. It must be done at such a height that there is room under the pipe for crushed stone backfill.

Second step– installation in the lower bucket of a flame pipe, consisting of two elbows: a short loading one and a long one for the exit of gases.

Third step– cutting a hole in the bottom of the upper bucket, which is put on the lower one. The head of the frying tube is inserted into it so that its cut is 3-4 cm above the bottom.

Fourth– pouring small crushed stone into the lower bucket to half its height. It is needed to accumulate heat and thermally insulate the heat channel.

Last step– making a stand for dishes. It can be welded from round reinforcement with a diameter of 8-10 mm.

More complex, but at the same time durable, powerful and aesthetic option a rocket stove requires the use of a gas cylinder and a thick rectangular steel pipe.

The assembly diagram does not change. The gas outlet here is organized at the side, not at the top. To prepare food, the top part with the valve is cut off from the cylinder and a flat round plate 4-5 mm thick is welded in its place.

What types of long-burning stoves are there? From this article you will learn how long-burning stoves with vertical loading are fundamentally different and how to increase their efficiency. We will tell you about the secrets of their manufacture and provide step-by-step instructions.

Continuing the topic of manufacturing and improving long-burning furnaces (LDG), we will describe in detail devices with vertical loading. The advantages of this option:

1. Compact combustion chamber.
2. Using gravity at work.
3. More effective implementation fuel (wood).
4. Low exhaust temperature - no need to heavily insulate the chimney.
5. Relative purity (smokelessness) of emissions means fewer problems with neighbors.

The fundamental difference between such stoves and potbelly stoves and their derivatives is the gradual combustion of fuel and, as a result, a smooth and uniform distribution of heat (in potbelly stoves the entire load flares up at once).

The two most popular varieties of PDG are “Bubafonya” and “Raketa” (rocket stove). In the first case, the energy from burning wood under pressure with a deficiency of oxygen is realized, in the second - a reactive process that occurs when there is a temperature difference.

“Bubafonya” or piston PDG

This oven received its original name from the nickname of the author, who first posted the diagram in the public domain. Whether he is the inventor of this variety is unknown. Most likely, in one form or another it has existed since ancient times, since its action is based only on the laws of physics and nature.

The peculiarity of this version of the PDG is the constant pressure of the piston, the heel of which balances and maintains a constant uniform temperature, not allowing individual areas to cool down or overheat.

Design

“Bubafonya” is something like a piston internal combustion engine cylinder in an extremely primitive form:

1. Combustion chamber (CC). An open cylindrical container (barrel, cylinder, pipe) without hatches and with a smoke exhaust at the upper boundary. The size of the KS can vary from 20 to 240 liters.
2. Piston. Steel pipe with a cross-section of 75 mm with a round heel at one end. The heel has a diameter 40-50 mm smaller than the KS, and a hole for the diameter of the pipe. In the outer part, the heel has ribs to allow air to enter the combustion area. Functionally, this part plays the role of an air duct and a press.
3. Lid. A simple steel cover with a hole for the duct pipe.

The simplicity and reliability of the design, as well as the availability of the material, made this stove the most popular among villagers and garage owners. “Bubafonya” is the record holder for the longest burning time - a combustion chamber from a 200 liter barrel with a full, dense vertical load works for 20-24 hours.

How to assemble

1. Cut off the top lid of the barrel (it must not be rotten). It can then be used under the oven lid. If it is a gas cylinder, we cut it along the junction of the head and the wall. We cut out a chimney hole 20-30 mm from the top edge and weld a channel from a 100-120 mm pipe.

2. Air duct (VD). For a compressor chamber of any size, the sufficient internal diameter of the explosive pipe is 75 mm. The length of the explosive is equal to the height of the KS plus 200-300 mm.

3. Heel. We cut out a sheet of 4-6 mm in the form of a circle with a diameter smaller than the combustion chamber by 30-40 mm.

4. Cut a hole in the center of the heel equal to the internal diameter of the explosive plus 2-3 mm. A strip edge can be welded along the edge to stabilize the piston when the firebox is loaded.

5. We weld 30x30 or 40x40 corners in the form of rays from the center onto the working surface of the heel.

6. We weld the explosive to the heel at an angle of strictly 90º on the reverse side of the ribs.

7. Weld an M6 nut on the free end of the explosive from the inside. We cut the damper along the explosive section and install it on the screw. You can use a magnet of a suitable diameter. This damper regulates the air supply to the combustion chamber.

8. We weld a 20-30 mm strip around the circumference onto the lid, like a side.

Making the most of it

Convector. To remove heat from the combustion chamber (furnace), there is a simple and effective solution based on air convection.

Convection is a type of heat transfer in which thermal energy is transferred in streams or jets.

To construct a primitive convector, we will need a profiled galvanized sheet with medium wave, which we simply need to wrap around the combustion chamber. The profile waves will serve as channels through which air will flow. Heated from the stove, it will rush upward, and its place will be taken by cold air coming from the bottom of the channel. If there is no profiled sheet, you can fasten CD or UD profile trim around the firebox and chimney.

Casing. Another type of convector can be a primitive coaxial system.

Coaxial - from Latin with- joint and axis- axis, i.e. having a common axis.

To do this, we weld brackets 40-50 mm long onto the combustion chamber, departing 50 mm from the top and bottom. We fix a sheet of metal on them. The thickness is not critical here, since the coolant is air, and the casing itself will not heat up. Thin galvanized steel, which can be made removable, is suitable.

Long, smooth chimney. If it is possible to easily increase the length of the chimney indoors, this will allow the remaining temperature of the exhaust gases to be removed.

Fan, directed at the PDG, effectively mixes the air, which will provide quick and uniform heating of the room.

The described version of the stove has one, but significant drawback, which can be considered as a tribute to the simplicity of the design. Cleaning the ash pan is a dusty job. Serves as an ash pit bottom part COP and ash removal through the side is inconvenient, but necessary.

Another nuance can only be called “production costs”. When using a barrel, the walls of the firebox burn out relatively quickly. With intensive use (at high temperatures), the combustion chamber will have to be replaced after 3-4 seasons. But here, too, simplicity ensures success - just find the same barrel. In this case, the gas cylinder will serve for decades.

"Rocket" or rocket stove (RP)

Another type of energy-efficient stove is known as the “Rocket” or “Rocket stove”. Sounding name it was obtained due to a reactive process based on heat exchange with a significant temperature difference (and the resulting thrust), which is also implemented in rocket jet engines. This natural phenomenon is inscribed in the basic laws of physics due to its trouble-free operation.

Design

The RP always has a “knee” of no more than 90° in one form or another. That is, the chimney is located at a right or acute angle to the bottom of the firebox. It is necessary to have an air duct (AH), which is often located adjacent (through the wall) to the firebox.

Operating principle and advantages

The main difference between RP and previously described furnaces is that the temperature is concentrated not in the firebox, but in the air flow, which is in constant dynamics. The continuous draft that occurs at the heating site (elbow) introduces oxygen with the flow of combustion air into the furnace through the explosive; in the furnace, the air receives thermal energy from fuel combustion and releases it at the place of temperature difference (elbow and “surroundings”), due to which the draft supported.

In the constant RP mode, no adjustment of the air supply is required - the natural desire for a balance of processes provides a draft of exactly the strength required to realize the temperature in the firebox. The exhaust gases also exit naturally - under the pressure of heated air (therefore, the RP does not require a high chimney pipe).

We will implement the effect of heat flow reactivity in stages, making the design more and more complex.

Stage one. Pure flow

As we have already found out, the main element and condition for the existence of the flow is the channel bend. By welding two pipes with a diameter of 150 mm or more at an angle of 90°, correlating as 1/2, we will get a ready-made “rocket” firebox with a chimney pipe. The short section is horizontal, the long section is vertical. If you light a fire horizontally, the flame will come out through a vertical pipe.

A primitive option for supplying secondary air can be organized by installing a sheet of metal on brackets inside the firebox - the hearth will be separated from the air duct. In this case, the air passing through it will enter the corner of the knee, which allows us to call it secondary. For such a device, you can weld the legs and place a grate for the frying pan on the upper channel.

Stage two. "Rocket Potbelly Stove"

We take the design described above as a basis and add one more element - a horizontal section (channel). The rectangular cross-section of channels will be more convenient to use than pipes.

Rocket potbelly stove: 1 - plate; 2 - heating and heat exchange area; 3 - air flow

In this case, the air duct can be positioned arbitrarily - the main thing is that air passes through it. These can be “cheeks” parallel to the side walls of the loading hatch, or a plate on the ribs along the bottom wall.

Next, we attach a chimney made of a steel pipe (also known as a residual heat exchanger) to the elbow and install a lid. It is difficult to accurately describe the design, since most often it is made from scrap materials. It is important to understand and implement the very principle of flow formation.

Stage three. System with vertical heat exchanger

The idea is to install a steel heat exchanger with thick walls along the path of the hot flow.

The design is an element from the second stage, increased in size, on which, instead of a vertical pipe, an empty container for dry heat exchange (ideally an empty gas cylinder) will be located. In this case, the chimney channel must be located coaxially with the horizontal element.

The horizontal element itself (firebox) can be made in different forms - stove body, pipe or box. It can serve as a pre-heat exchanger (if it is large enough). For long-term (up to 4 hours) continuous combustion, you need to increase the fuel compartment. It can be up to 600 mm in height and accept logs vertically. Combustion will occur in their lower part, and under their own weight they will gradually burn out.

Rocket stove with heat exchanger: 1 - ash pan; 2 - cold air; 3 — fuel compartment; 4 - cover; 5 - firewood; 6 — flame boundary; 7 - combustion area; 8 - heat exchange; 9 - chimney; 10 — cylinder

Primary air will be supplied through a door in the firebox area, which will serve as an inspection hatch for cleaning. Secondary - through a hole or channel in the knee, or through a channel in the fuel compartment.

Stage four. Installing the injector

Prototypes of secondary air supply channels were mentioned above. At this stage, we will install a separate channel to fully supply the flame with oxygen during the afterburning stage of the fuel.

To do this, you will need a steel pipe with a diameter of 12-15 mm, bent in the shape of a channel, which is obtained from the elements of the system. On one side, it needs to be plugged and 6-8 5-6 mm holes drilled in the wall over an area of ​​100 mm. Then you should install the tube so that it passes through the entire system, and its “blind” end with holes is in the place where the flame reaches. The open end should exit into the “cold” part of the system and have air access. The heated metal of the tube will create draft, and fresh air will be supplied for afterburning.

Injector installation options: 1 - ash pan; 2 - cold air; 3 - firebox; 4 — fuel compartment; 5 — injector; 6 — flame boundary; 7 - heat exchanger

Stage five. Turbocharging

An air pump (possibly an old vacuum cleaner) is connected to the injector. The injector itself must have a larger throughput than with natural supply. When the pump is turned on, the flow of fresh air creates excess additional pressure, and the draft increases in proportion to the power supplied. This ensures an increase in the temperature of the heat exchanger.

This method has been known to craftsmen since ancient times - the function air pump performed blacksmith bellows.

When taking measures to develop a rocket furnace, remember that the system must be harmonious - all elements must be balanced, otherwise the metal will overheat and burn out.

DIY pyrolysis rocket stove made from cans

A camp wood chip burner will always come in handy, especially since it doesn’t require special materials and skills. Even a teenager can make it. However, for those who first tackled the issue of heating with “rocket” stoves, this will be good practice, since the operating principle is identical:

1. We take two tin cans of different diameters and heights (the difference is 20-25 mm).
2. Cut a hole equal to the diameter of the smaller can in the bottom of the larger can.
3. We make a network of holes in the bottom of the smaller jar.
4. We make a belt of holes on the wall of the smaller can at 1/5 of its height from the open edge.
5. We make a belt of holes on the wall of the larger can at 1/7 of the height of its open edge.
6. We insert the smaller jar into the bottom of the larger one so that the bottom of the smaller one fits the open edge of the larger one. The burner is ready.

You probably already guessed that, in principle, this is a coaxial gas pipeline system. By adding various accessories to such a burner, you can increase the volume of the fuel compartment or boil water.

If you cut a hole in the wall of a larger container and install a fan, you will get nothing more than a turbocharged RP.

Using this “pocket” option, you can conduct experiments and comparative measurements - how the material burns by itself and how it burns using secondary air.

The jet stove or rocket stove appeared as a result of a deviation from the traditions of manufacturing equipment for heating a room. It is considered an economical heat generator, the design of which is elementary. Therefore, many people are thinking about building a jet furnace with their own hands.

Description, advantages and disadvantages of the rocket stove

A heat generator for heating the air in a room is called a rocket stove or jet stove, since during operation, in case of excessive air supply, it makes special sounds. This noise can be mistaken for the roar of a jet engine. In normal mode, the equipment operates with a barely audible rustling sound.

A rocket stove serves as a device for heating a home and cooking food. It takes about 6 hours to burn one batch of firewood in such equipment, more than in a standard metal stove. The reason for this is the creation of a heat generator based on a top-burning furnace.

The flame from the jet furnace may burst out

The advantages of the rocket stove include:

• independence from fuel energy;
• simplicity of design, consisting of accessible parts, connected in a matter of minutes;
• the ability to provide a lot of heat, despite the quality of the loaded fuel.

The jet furnace also has some disadvantages:

• manual control, which implies constant monitoring of equipment operation;
• danger of burns, because the walls of the equipment become extremely hot;
• It is inappropriate to use in a bathhouse, since it cannot be warmed up.

Kinds

A unit that emits a rocket-like hum during operation can be:

• portable (unit made of metal pipes, buckets or gas cylinder);

  Portable rocket stoves are mass-produced by industry

• stationary (made from fireclay bricks and metal containers);

  Such a unit is more difficult to build than a metal furnace

• equipment for heating air with a stove bench.

  The bench is equipped behind the back wall of the stove

Portable structures are made in large quantities, because they are used for hiking. The basis of these heat generators is a pipe made up of several sections. True, such structures, unlike units based on fireclay bricks, are not reliable. Walls made of refractory blocks increase the heat transfer of the jet furnace. If desired, you can add a bed in the form of a sofa or bed, decorated with clay or sawdust.

Parts and operation of a jet heat generator

A basic rocket furnace is a device consisting of two pipe fragments connected by a bend at an angle of 90 degrees. The combustion chamber in this heat generator is usually a zone in the horizontal part of the structure. But sometimes fuel is placed in the vertical section of the apparatus, for which a rocket stove is constructed from two pipes of different lengths, mounted vertically and connected by a common horizontal channel.

Primary and secondary air passes through the furnace

The operation of a jet stove is based on two actions: the unhindered passage of wood gases through the pipe and the afterburning of gases produced during fuel combustion. Wood chips and firewood are placed in the firebox of this heat generator after a highly flammable material such as paper ignites. A container with water or other contents is placed on the open section of the pipe. At the same time, a small space is left between the structure and the installed container, which is necessary to create traction.

The processes occurring inside a stationary reactive furnace resemble the operation of pyrolysis heating units

Calculation of parameters (tables)

The volume of the furnace should be determined wisely, because it is it that affects the power and amount of heat generated by the heating equipment. When calculating the dimensions of jet heating equipment, use the indicator of the internal diameter of the drum D, the value of which can range from 300–600 mm. You also need to know the cross-sectional area of ​​the drum. To determine this indicator of the rocket stove, you should use the formula: S = 3.14 * D^2 /4.

The main dimensions of the jet furnace are presented in the table:

Parameter	Meaning
Drum height H	From 1.5D to 2D
Height of drum insulating coating	2/3H
Thickness of drum insulating coating	1/3D
Cross-sectional area of ​​the primary chimney	From 0.045S to 0.065S (optimally - from 0.05S to 0.06S). The higher the primary chimney is, the better.
Minimum clearance between the top edge of the primary flue and the drum cover	70 mm. With a lower value, the aerodynamic resistance of the gap for gases passing through it will be excessively large.
Flame tube length and area	Length and area of ​​the primary chimney
Blower cross-sectional area	Half the cross-sectional area of ​​the primary chimney
Cross-sectional area of ​​the external chimney	From 1.5S to 2S
The thickness of the adobe cushion under the flue with a stove bench	50–70 mm (if there are wooden floors under the bed - from 25 to 35 mm)
The height of the coating above the flue with a stove bench	150 mm. It is not recommended to reduce it, otherwise the oven will accumulate less heat.
External chimney height	not less than 4 m

Particular importance is attached to the length of the flue with the stove bench. The maximum permissible values ​​are shown in the table:

The volume of the secondary ash chamber is also an important indicator, depending on the volume of the drum and the primary chimney.

D (diameter)	Volume
300 mm	0.1x(Vk - Vpd)	Where Vk is the volume of the drum, Vpd - volume of the primary chimney.
600 mm	0.05x(Vk - Vpd)

Construction raw materials for the construction of a non-standard furnace

The production of jet heating equipment will require:

• barrels with a volume of 200 liters and a diameter of 0.6 meters, an empty liquefied gas cylinder or tin buckets to build a furnace drum;
• square or round steel pipes 2–3 mm thick, which are needed to create a blower, combustion chamber and primary chimney;
• fireclay crushed stone and oven clay as thermal insulation materials;
• adobe, which serves as the outer coating layer;
• fireclay bricks;
• sand from the bottom of the river;
• pieces of sheets of zinc-coated steel or aluminum for the manufacture of lids and doors;
• asbestos or basalt cardboard, which serves as a sealant.

The tools you will need to build a rocket furnace are: welding machine. And if you plan to make heating equipment from bricks, then you will have to take:

• Master OK;
• mortar spatula;
• hammer-pick;
• jointing;
• sharp-angled sledgehammer;
• level;
• plumb line;
• roulette

Preparation for assembling heating equipment

When choosing a location for a rocket stove, follow some rules:

• jet heating equipment is placed only in a room with an area of ​​at least 16 m²;
• Without floorboards under the stove, installation of equipment will be easier;
• It is prohibited to place wooden beams above a structure that produces heat;
• if it is assumed that the chimney will go through the ceilings, then the heating equipment is placed in the middle of the house;
• the heat generator cannot be installed near the external contour of the house, otherwise the room will lose heated air;
• The jet device must not be placed next to walls and partitions of wooden materials.

To make it convenient to add fuel to jet heating equipment, it is wiser to install it front side opposite the entrance. It is important to leave at least a meter of unoccupied space around the rocket stove.

In a small house, builders advise setting aside a place for the stove in the corner. In this case, the firebox should be directed in one direction, and the bed (if it is made) – in the other.

The stove stands on a special platform that protects the floor from high temperatures

Having found a suitable site for the rocket stove, they begin to prepare it for construction work. If boards are laid on the floor in the house, then in the place where the equipment will be installed, they will need to be removed. A hole is dug under the exposed floor, the bottom of which is necessarily pressed.

Before construction work a special solution should be mixed. It consists of sand and clay combined in a 1:1 ratio. You will need enough water so that the construction raw materials have the consistency of sour cream, that is, ¼ of the amount of dry ingredients.

Step-by-step instructions for making it yourself

If you plan to make a rocket stove from a gas cylinder, then you don’t have to be afraid of difficulties. The steps to create equipment from such construction raw materials are quite simple:

1. the upper part is cut off from a cylinder with a volume of 50 liters in order to build a kind of cap;

   The balloon is cut off at the top and bottom

2. Based on the instructions in the drawing, all parts of the product are welded to each other, that is, a gas cylinder, a pipe with a diameter of 10 cm (future chimney), a pipe with a diameter of 7 cm (internal channel) and another pipe with a diameter of 15 cm (fuel firebox);

   Dimensions in mm

3. the space between the two pipes is filled with a material that retains heat, for example, sand, which has been thoroughly calcined, that is, cleared of organic substances;
4. To give the structure stability, the legs are welded.

To build a rocket stove with a stove bench, which involves the use of bricks, you need to proceed differently:

1. The area for arranging the firebox is deepened by removing 10 cm of soil. The combustion chamber is formed from fireclay bricks. Formwork is created along the contour of the structure being manufactured. To ensure a strong foundation, it is recommended to lay it in reinforcing mesh or metal rods;

   The platform will harden in about two days

2. The structure is filled with liquid concrete. Then they wait for the solution to harden and finish the work. The bricks are laid in a continuous line, creating a platform for the stove. After this, the walls of the structure are formed, placing several rows of brick blocks;
3. The lower channel of the structure is constructed, with one line of bricks laid across to block the combustion chamber. The blocks are placed, leaving the vertical channel and the firebox opening open;

   Two sectors of the furnace at this stage of construction should be open

4. Find the body from the old boiler and cut off the top and bottom covers on it. A flange is installed at the bottom of the resulting pipe through which a horizontal heat exchanger will pass. The parts must be connected to each other with a continuous weld;

   Work requires accuracy

5. An outlet pipe is inserted into the barrel, after which they take a metal brush and scrape off the rust from the walls of the container. The cleaned barrel is treated with a primer, and a little later with paint that is resistant to high temperatures;
6. The horizontal chimney is connected by welding to the side outlet - the future ash pit. To facilitate its cleaning, a sealed flange is installed;
7. The fire tube is laid out from refractory bricks. At the same time, a channel 18 cm high and wide is formed inside the structure. When doing this, they constantly use a building level, which allows you to control the verticality of the product;

   The height of the pipe is determined in advance

8. The flame tube is covered protective casing, and the resulting gaps are sealed with perlite. The lower area of ​​the vertical channel is sealed with damp clay, the function of which is to prevent spillage thermal insulation material on the floor;
9. From the boiler, on which the top and bottom have been cut off, a fuel tank is formed. A handle must be welded to it;
10. To improve the appearance, the structure is treated with adobe putty, consisting of sawdust and raw clay. The first component of the composition serves in the same way as crushed stone in concrete, that is, it prevents cracking of the furnace walls. It is recommended to apply adobe putty over perlite backfill;
11. They create the facade of the stove, for which the stove contour is laid out from stone, bricks, adobe and sand. The back side of the structure is filled with crushed stone, and the front side with adobe mixture, making the surface perfectly flat;
12. A metal barrel casing is placed on the previously created base. The lower pipe of the container is directed towards the bed. The bottom of the structure is treated with raw clay, which will ensure its tightness;
13. A channel made of corrugated pipe is connected to the combustion chamber. It will serve as a link between the firebox and the outside atmosphere;

    At this stage the oven looks almost finished

14. Carry out a test firing of the stove, watching how the gases are removed from horizontal chimney. After this, the heat exchanger pipes are connected to the lower pipe installed on a red brick platform;
15. The stove is equipped with a smoke exhaust pipe. The junction of the chimney and the heat generator is sealed with fire-resistant coating and asbestos cord;
16. Using clay and adobe, the bed is given the desired shape. Only the horizontal section of the structure is left unsealed, which will then be used during cooking.

    The oven functions as a whole system

Design improvement

A bench with a gas duct inside is not the only option for upgrading a rocket stove. The design can be improved with a water jacket connected to the heating system in which water circulates. It is advisable to give this part of the structure the appearance of a coil created from copper pipe twisting on the chimney.

This design provides even more heat

Another way to improve a jet furnace is to organize the flow of heated secondary air into the flame tube. This will increase the efficiency of the heat generator, but will lead to the deposition of a large amount of soot in the primary chimney. Therefore, it is better to make sure that the drum cover can be removed if necessary.

Subtleties of operating an unconventional stove

A rocket furnace is heated in a similar way to a top combustion heat generator. It turns out that the kindling of equipment called a rocket must be carried out according to certain rules:

• the main raw material for heating the unit must be added only after the structure has been well heated, for which purpose sawdust or paper is first placed in the blower sector and set on fire;
• they must react to the muting of the hum emanating from the stove - they put a large batch of fuel into the combustion chamber, which will ignite on its own from the hot remains of sawdust;
• the process is closely monitored, that is, after laying the firewood, the damper is fully opened, and after some time, when the equipment makes a hum, it is closed to produce a sound similar to a rustling;
• as necessary, the damper is closed more and more, otherwise the firebox will be filled with an excess volume of air, which will disrupt the pyrolysis inside the fire tube and lead to the creation of a strong hum.

Since the jet stove was originally created for use in the field, its design is extremely simple. This allows the production of the unit to be carried out by ordinary home handyman. But, despite its apparent lightness, the rocket stove must be assembled, taking into account the correct ratio of parameters. Otherwise, the equipment will be unproductive.

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