Cutting small pieces of wood is done with a jigsaw. The device is small in size and usually has an electric drive. Factory models differ in their characteristics and cost. For small volumes of wood processing, it makes sense to make a jigsaw machine yourself, using improvised materials. This requires a few factory parts.
A factory-made jigsaw is reliable device, the operation of which is guaranteed by the manufacturer. Manual models are low cost. Stationary devices are expensive, but provide proper comfort when processing wood. The set of components in the device is largely the same for everyone.
The design consists of the following parts:
The part to be processed is placed on the work table. The size of the workpiece depends on its dimensions. Some models have Rotary table, which makes working with the part easier - visibility improves. The presence of graduations makes it easier to mark the material.
Average characteristics of factory machines:
Models for specialized purposes may have radically different characteristics. There are specifications small sizes, for processing small parts. As well as models of large sizes, the industry also produces them for retail sale. But such options will be very expensive.
In the middle class there is high competition for consumers, so the devices will be cheaper. The characteristics are also tailored to typical tasks carpenter Based on them you need to make drawings jigsaw machine with your own hands. Complex components for it are purchased in the store.
Experts classify jigsaws by type of design. The design features of the mechanism determine the processing capabilities of wooden products.
The classification is carried out depending on the design of the jigsaws.
Device types:
- With lower support.
- Double-support.
- On a pendant.
- With degree scale and stop.
- Universal.
Models with a lower support have become most widespread. The frame of the desktop factory device has 2 halves - lower and upper. The sawing and chip cleaning model is located on the top of the bed.
The lower frame contains a controller, an electric motor, a final drive, and an on/off button. This machine allows you to work with any materials and any size.
The presence of two supports in a jigsaw is advantageous in that the upper half of the bed has an additional rail. This jigsaw is ideal for cutting small parts. The thickness of the workpieces on both models should not exceed 8 cm. The worktable of such machines, as a rule, can be adjusted in height and angle of inclination.
Suspended devices do not have a fixed frame, but are distinguished by their mobility. The material being processed is set motionless, and the master moves the working module. since the latter is attached to the ceiling, the thickness of the material is not limited. The tool is moved manually, regardless of the bed. This allows you to make patterns of complex shapes.
The presence of a scale of degrees and stops is suitable for those craftsmen who carry out processing according to the drawings. Marking allows you to avoid errors when working. There are universal models of machines on the market that allow you to perform several operations. This machine allows you to perform drilling, cutting, polishing and grinding. The cost of such devices will be much higher, but working with them will be more comfortable. These are industrial specimens.
The designs and drawings of the homemade jigsaw options presented online are different. This is due to the imagination of the authors and the desire to make a device that will stand out from the rest. Only the concept is the same in most cases - they take a manual jigsaw as a basis and repurpose it.
Home woodworking enthusiasts often look for information on how to make a jigsaw with their own hands without any special skills. You can use a ready-made manual jigsaw as a base. The mechanism does not require careful modification. Factory handheld device- this is the drive. But the crank mechanism will have to be developed independently. Manufacturers are trying to offer consumers platforms for quick remodeling, but personal needs can only be satisfied with their product.
Assembly order:
- A support table is made. A sheet of metal is taken as a material and a hole is made in it. The shape is oblong, 3-4 times wider than the saw blade. Holes for fasteners are made nearby.
- The factory device is fixed at the bottom of the support table. Holes for fasteners are made next to the hole for the saw blade. Screws with countersunk head. This is necessary in order to ensure a perfectly flat plane of the table. Otherwise, the processed products will cling to the caps of the wines, which will cause inconvenience in work.
- The structure is fixed on a wooden table.
The advantage of creating a jigsaw machine with your own hands is that the factory tool can be disconnected at any time. When needed - in the hands of an ordinary one manual jigsaw. Therefore it is better to purchase manual option tool that can be used on homemade machine- it’s cheaper that way. Stationary devices are expensive.
Comfortable work with wooden products can be achieved by installing guide rails on a homemade support table. Additionally, markings are applied to the table, which makes it easier to measure distances on parts during processing.
Jigsaw manual type as the main device for the machine has disadvantages. the main problem lies in the file - it is too wide manual models. Because of this delicate work It is difficult to do on wood with it - the curvature of the lines is limited.
The previous design is simple and has no additional details, which make working with wood easier. The direction of modernization is the possibility of replacing the file with a thin one.
Options for improving the design:
- Build a rocker. The structure will be tensioned by springs on one side. The second side of the rocker is fixed to the file.
- Secure the file between two rollers. They serve as guides for the thin file.
- A stationary factory device is used as a drive for a system of two rocker arms. A file is pulled between the latter. The movement is transmitted from the factory device to the lower beam of the saw.
Design upon purchase or self-production you have to choose based on personal preferences and desire to tinker with technology. Using guide rollers is a less popular option - its reliability is poor.
Modernization by installing rocker arms is common. It is better that the factory device only serves as a drive for the jigsaw file. To do this, you need to turn off the pendulum stroke in the tool.
The heir to a grandparent's estate often gets an old sewing machine. It has already served its purpose for sewing clothes, since more precise equipment is now being produced. If you don’t have a jigsaw on your household, you don’t have to spend money on buying one. It is made with your own hands from sewing machine.
Procedure:
Now the jigsaw for figured sawing ready for plywood. WITH manual drive It will be more difficult to work because your legs will get tired. Additional disadvantage Vibrations from force on the tool will serve. The electric drive of the machine, converted into a jigsaw, partially solves the problem of vibrations.
An expensive jigsaw can be replaced with a design self-made. It will not be inferior in quality and functionality if you approach the assembly process responsibly. It is important to make high-quality plywood mechanisms that serve as a support table. It is desirable that the table be able to rotate. For the version with a sewing machine, this will not be possible. If desired, markings are applied to the table to make it easier to measure parts during work.
One of the most convenient stationary machines for figure cutting, it has a very simple design. Craftsmen do similar devices from a wide variety of materials and tools. One of the most suitable bases for making a tabletop jigsaw machine is a regular sewing machine. At the same time, the device does not have to be new or have an electric motor. More details about the principle of operation and manufacturing stationary jigsaw, we will tell you later in the article.
The working principle of a jigsaw machine
Before you start studying the manual for assembling your own stationary cutting machine, you should delve into its structure and a little about the history of its origin.The first electric jigsaw machine was born in 1946, when engineer Albert Kaufmann had the idea to replace the sewing machine needle with a thin file. For its time, the invention was very original and received well-deserved public attention. The production and sale of jigsaw machines was carried out by Scintilla AG until it was purchased by Bosh in 1954. Today, the patents for the invention have long expired and a wide variety of companies have begun to manufacture jigsaws.
Modern stationary jigsaws are functional devices assembled from precise and reliable parts. At first glance, the models presented for sale may seem incredibly difficult to manufacture, but they are based on the same old principle work, albeit with a more optimized mechanism. By assembling a jigsaw from a sewing machine, we are essentially returning to the origins of this invention, partially complementing it with modern technologies.
The design itself, which tensions and drives the saw blade, is quite simple and consists of a special frame and a crank mechanism. The movable frame consists of upper and lower arms of equal length, attached to the rack. A file is installed on the front side of the frame, and on the opposite side there is a spring that performs tension. The crank mechanism connected to the motor causes the saw to move up and down. A more visual and detailed embodiment of the above process can be seen in the following drawing.
Jigsaw from a sewing machine
The beauty of making a stationary jigsaw from a sewing machine is to minimize precision work. A reliable crank assembly is already connected to a needle mount, which can be easily converted into a file. In fact, in order to requalify the device, it is necessary to install a tension mechanism on the opposite side of the installed saw blade. We will tell and show you in detail about how to make a jigsaw from a sewing machine.
As clear example, the Soviet electric sewing machine “Tula” will be redesigned. Based on this manual, it will be possible to convert most other old-style models into a machine. If you have a different machine (which is quite likely), the parts and their location may vary. In this case, the main thing is to approach the matter judiciously, with logic and use the advice below according to the circumstances. So, to work you will need:
- Sewing machine
- Nut with bolt (full thread)
- Spring or flexible metal plate (for tension device)
- Metal corners (2 pcs.)
By instruments:
- Drill (with a set of metal drills)
- Grinder (with metal disc)
- Pliers
- Screwdriver
If you use thin files for sawing, up to #2, a standard hole in top mount. For wider canvases, it will be necessary to drill a hole of a larger diameter.
The lower mount can be made from a regular bolt. To do this, you will need a drill, a 3-4 mm metal drill, and a tap for cutting threads for this diameter. The resulting design must have next view.
There are 2 types of installation of a sewing machine: above the table and under the table. In the version we are considering, the apparatus is located on top, when the tension mechanism comes from below. The author of the product abandoned the spring tension method in favor of a metal plate cut from a hacksaw blade. A hole drilled in the center of the plate serves as the attachment point for the saw blade. The strip of steel itself is installed in improvised grooves made from corners.
At this stage, assembling a homemade jigsaw from sewing machine is considered completed. The device can cut easily wooden blanks, thickness up to 20 mm. With a more advanced tension system, from a good spring, and the presence of a powerful motor, it can easily take more high values. Detailed Process assembly, with comments from the author, is presented in the video below.
Remaking the place where the needle is attached to the file
Not everyone and not always has the need to carry out only figured cuts. Much more often, a jigsaw is used to produce controlled cuts in straight and round shapes. In such cases, a thin file will be too slow, but a standard jigsaw blade will cope with the task quite quickly. And everything would be fine, but such a saw will not fit into a standard needle holder. This means that you need to reactivate the logical hemisphere and “pump up” your homemade jigsaw from a sewing machine. By the way, this is quite simple to do.
As an example, let's take a product from the following author, although this problem was also solved at the end of the previous manual. The answer lies in the stitching of the seat to tighten the needle. For this purpose, a grinder with a metal disc is used. The shank of the file itself also needs to be sharpened so that it fits into the hole in the fastener element with the bolt. Detailed examples shown in the photo above, below, also in the video.
Other options
If the above products do not suit you for any reason, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with two similar videos. Jigsaws from a sewing machine, assembled by the authors themselves the following materials, have the same basis, but various features implementation. The following videos will be useful as a source of ideas for making your own unique machine.
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Here general scheme jigsaw machine operation.
I had a homemade machine, I already briefly wrote about it. Since I am a furniture maker, I made it from leftover LMDF. Cheap and cheerful :). I didn’t care at all about appearance, as long as I worked. And he did a good job! On it I understood all the nuances of sawing from solid hardwood, such as walnut, oak, ash. Everything would be fine, but the drive, and it was a Krees 350W construction jigsaw. I worked for 15 years! The speed control of the drive is “closed”, it turns on immediately to maximum and immediately breaks the file. I couldn’t find a native branded regulator. I have tried all sorts of regulators, dimmers for chandeliers and regulators from the seams. machines, vacuum cleaners. I could not achieve the desired result, namely a wide range of adjustment.
The photo shows the principle of operation of the jigsaw. construction jigsaw transfers oscillatory movements onto the rocker arm, on which the file is in turn attached.
In the end I gave up. The Moor has done his job, the Moor must go. I decided to buy a new jigsaw drive. All Chinese options jigsaws are not suitable, adjustment on them is just a name. In the Makita company store I found what I was looking for. 450 W jigsaw. Wide range of adjustment, and does not scream like Chinese jigsaws! Works quietly!
Here is my new drive, Makita 4327.
I found a new drive, but it didn’t work out to install it instead of the old one, the height is not suitable. I decided that rather than redo it, it would be better to make a new one, taking into account the elimination of the inconveniences identified during the process of working on the old one.
1. Increase the clearance from the file to the frame (on the old one it was 27 cm). For this you need an elongated rocker arm.
2. Increase the vertical stroke of the saw for good chip removal. (on the old one, the saw stroke is 18mm.)
3. Appearance! Schaub was not ashamed to take photographs. :)
And so! the machine is ready!
Here it is my new machine!
The clearance from the file to the frame is 45cm! The vertical stroke of the saw is 30mm! Dream!
Test cutting. The result is excellent! The Makita regulator works great. The machine makes noise like a household sewing machine.
- Device and principle of operation
- Assembly instructions
- How to remake a manual jigsaw
- Sewing machine machine
Tabletop jigsaw machine - equipment for cutting, sawing out figured parts from various materials. Its feature is the ability to make cuts while maintaining the integrity of the outer contour of the workpiece. Depending on which saw is installed on the structure, the machine can process natural wood, its derivatives, plastic bases or metal.
The device is indispensable when performing construction and repair work, production of furniture, souvenirs. Equipment is often purchased for domestic purposes. Sometimes it is irrational to buy a factory unit: you can make a jigsaw yourself. The photo shows the design of the tool.
Device and principle of operation
A stationary factory sample includes a work table for a jigsaw, a unit with a cutting element is fixed on it, an electric drive installed under the table top and a crank mechanism. The tension unit is installed at the top or bottom of the machine. Many models of units allow you to cut material under different angles. This is necessary for making bevel cuts. Often for convenience swivel mechanism, stops, guides, markings are applied. The length of the cut depends on the dimensions of the table; in most models it is 30–40 cm.
Power electric jigsaw may be small. For domestic purposes, a 150 W unit is sufficient.
An important element is the crank mechanism. It is responsible for the quality of transmission of engine torque into the translational and reciprocal motion performed by the cutting element in a vertical position.
Standard jigsaw tool characterized by an oscillation frequency of up to 1000 per minute with an amplitude of 3–5 cm. Some samples provide for adjustment of the processing speed of various materials. In most cases, such a tool is equipped with a saw up to 35 cm long, which allows cutting parts up to 10 cm thick.
In order for the cutting element to serve for a long time without breakage or cracks, it is necessary to provide it with optimal tension along its entire length. For this purpose, screw and leaf springs are used. As an additional option on factory devices, it is provided air pump to remove sawdust from the cutting line. A unit with a drilling unit is useful, but you need to pay extra for each additional unit.
Assembly instructions
The jigsaw is made from a refrigerator compressor, conventional drill. The cutting blade can be set in motion using a motor from washing machine. Another option is to use manual jigsaws, old sewing machines. The figure shows a design drawing.
How to remake a manual jigsaw
First of all, the table is made. For this, a sheet of thick plywood or metal is used. They cut out in it through holes for cutting blades, fasteners. Through them, the manual unit placed below is fixed to supporting structure. Further jigsaw table attaches to any stable wooden table. Guide rails are added.
If necessary, the machine can be quickly disassembled.
The standard device is equipped with springs that provide the file with the required level of tension. You can’t do without a rocker arm; one of its edges is under spring tension, the second provides attachment to the cutting element of a jigsaw. You can also clamp the blade between two guide rollers.
Before starting work on homemade jigsaw Be sure to turn off the pendulum stroke.
Sewing machine machine
A jigsaw from a sewing machine contains a saw speed regulator, provided by a speed switch on the equipment.
For manufacturing, the thread weaving mechanism is removed. In most designs it is placed at the bottom. Unscrew the bolts, knock out the cotter pin, remove the drive shaft leading to the thread weaving unit.
Then the upper protective panel opens, the groove along which the needle moved expands to the width of the file. Jigsaw saws are slightly modified: they are cut according to the size of the longest needle that could be installed on the machine. In order not to make an adapter for fixing cutting element on seat, grind down the upper incisors, making the lower part of the blade sharp. A cutter is installed in the needle holder. After this, they begin cutting out the blanks.
The idea of making a jigsaw came to me many years ago, but I brought it to life much later - when someone discarded a faulty sewing machine produced by a Podolsk plant fell into my hands.
From the “insides” of the machine, I took only the main shaft and the “needle bar” assembly, and dismantled the remaining parts. I also cut off the front part of the platform, leaving only the thrust bearing under the L-shaped body stand. I sanded down all the ridges on the bottom surface. I drilled holes in the corners of the thrust bearing and through them I attached the inverted machine to the table top of the cabinet from below. By the way, I also used a cabinet from an old foot sewing machine. True, finding such a cabinet is probably more difficult than the machine itself. But it is not difficult to make it from particle board 20 mm thick Close the lid on top steel sheet 1.5 mm thick (can also be made of duralumin).
A pulley with a diameter of 80 mm was installed on the protruding end of the main shaft to V-belt transmission(you can take it from an old foot sewing machine, only it needs to be bored out for a V-belt) A similar pulley, but with a larger diameter (100 mm), was installed on the electric motor shaft. Electric motor - single-phase (220 V) with a power of 180 W and a speed of 1350 per minute, together with pulley used from an old washing machine
The electric motor was mounted on the lower platform of the stand, which was made from fairly strong bakelite plywood 20 mm thick, since there was no floor in the stand itself. In the platform, I previously cut out oblong grooves through the holes in the legs of the electric motor to move the motor in order to tension the drive belt. The sawing unit is difficult to manufacture and requires some experience in working with metal. But it does not require precision (particularly precise) execution, so its parts, right down to the saw, can also be made by yourself.
The sawing unit is shown in the figure. A mandrel with a slot made of a hexagon is put on the needle bar, which is fixed with locking screws. A file is inserted into the slot of the mandrel, onto the shoulders of which a washer with a slot-like hole and a groove is first put on. The washer with its groove rests on the shoulders of the file. Then the union nut is put on and carefully tightened so that during operation the file did not break, a thrust roller assembly is provided. To do this, a hole measuring 65 × 13 mm is sawed in the lid. Above this hole, a plate is symmetrically fastened to the cover with countersunk screws. Below it, a roller holder is installed. It is fixed with countersunk screws and a plate with two threaded holes. A roller made of steel is installed in the slot of the roller holder and secured with a rivet-axis with a diameter of 3 mm. The plate must be installed flush with the surface of the lid, so you need to select a recess for the plate with a chisel.
The file is made from carbon steel, if there is no purchased one, the teeth are cut out with a small file and needle files of the same shape as for longitudinal hacksaws. The teeth should have a set, but since they are very small, use them for this purpose special tool almost impossible. Therefore, the saw blade must be clamped in a small vice, then light bending blows should be applied through the tooth with a beard and a hammer. Then the file is turned over and the remaining teeth are bent in the same way. After sharpening, the teeth must be hardened.