Options for applying decorative plaster: selecting materials and tools. At what temperature can you plaster?

Article about methods of applying decorative plasters and nuances

Application
decorative
plaster

Conditions for applying cement decorative plasters

Correct Application decorative plaster with your own hands carried out at ambient temperature +10-+25ºС. A similar temperature range applies to the application of decorative plaster on the outside of the building façade. The base temperature should be in the range +5 - +30ºС.

If decorative plaster is applied indoors during the cold season, then the work should be carried out with a constantly operating heating and ventilation system. If the room is not heated, then it is necessary to preheat it and ensure a temperature of +5-+30ºС for 2 days before the start of work, as well as 12 days after completion finishing works.

Requirements for the base and its preparation for applying decorative plasters

Decorative plasters are applied only to pre-leveled walls. Applying decorative plaster to an uneven base will lead to its premature destruction, as well as to the appearance of heterogeneous “defective” areas on the surface of the decorative layer. The base on which decorative plaster is applied must be rigid and not deform during use.

Decorative plaster should be applied exclusively to a leveled base.

As a rule, decorative plasters are applied to walls previously lined with cement plaster. Cement materials poorly compatible with gypsum-based substrates.

Decorative plaster on cement based It is not recommended to apply to substrates containing gypsum.

If the client still wants apply cement decorative plaster to the gypsum base, then you should consider several important points:

• Firstly, plaster surface It is first necessary to carefully and correctly prime the surface in several layers.
• Secondly, applying and using decorative plaster is only possible in a dry, non-freezing room.

The wall must be cleaned of dust, paint and other contaminants that interfere with the adhesion of the material to the wall. If the wall “crumbles”, i.e., when you touch it, traces of the coating remain on your hand or the weakened layer crumbles, then such bases require additional treatment with strengthening primer. Important feature Before preparing walls before applying decorative plaster, it is necessary to treat the surface with a special “tinting” primer.

Before applying decorative plaster, the wall must be treated with a special “tinting” primer.

Applying a thin layer of decorative plaster on a gray cement base without a “tinting” primer can lead to the fact that remnants of the gray cement base will be visible through the structurally heterogeneous layer of decorative plaster. The use of a special “tinting” primer eliminates this problem. A number of craftsmen use highly diluted white cement putty as a “tinting” primer.

Technology of working with decorative plaster

Working with decorative plaster is divided into several successive stages: preparing the finished solution, applying and distributing the solution on the finished base, giving the necessary texture with your own hands and finishing walls.

Before you begin the process of preparing the solution, you should carefully study the manufacturer's instructions for working with the material. Initially, you need to measure the required amount of clean water and pour it into a mixing container. It should be remembered that when preparing a solution of decorative plaster, you must use only clean water with a temperature of 15-20ºС.

Next, you need to pour in the required amount of dry mixture in portions with your own hands. While adding the mixture, the solution must be stirred. As a rule, mixing is carried out by a master with a professional mixer at medium speed. After obtaining a homogeneous solution, stirring must be stopped and time (3-5 minutes) is allowed for the solution to stand.

The process of preparing the plaster solution is carried out with a holding time of 3-5 minutes

Aging is necessary so that the modifying additives contained in the mixture have time to dissolve.

After curing, the solution is mixed a second time, after which it is possible to begin applying the decorative plaster solution to the wall.

Applying the solution yourself. To apply the solution to the surface, you need to prepare a clean working tool - a narrow and wide metal spatula, a plastic trowel. Using a small spatula, apply a small portion of the prepared solution to the edge of a wide metal spatula or to the bottom of a metal trowel. Next, the tool with the solution is brought perpendicular to the base and begins to distribute and level ready solution along the wall, gradually changing the angle of the trowel or spatula with your hands until it becomes sharp. It should be remembered that the thickness of the decorative plaster layer should not exceed the size largest diameter coarse filler (crumbs).

The thickness of decorative plaster application should not exceed the largest aggregate size

Depending on the work conditions, 10-25 minutes after applying the solution to the base, the process of thickening (setting) begins. At this moment it is necessary to begin forming the necessary texture of the wall (grinding). For this, as a rule, a plastic or metal grater is used. The treated base is given the desired texture by holding the grater with your hands parallel to the base, with light movements the solution is finally rubbed and distributed over the surface to the thickness of the grain.

Methods for forming surface texture

There are two main types of texture of decorative cement plaster - Fur coat and Bark beetle.

Texture of Shuba plaster resembles a grainy texture. When applying decorative plaster such as Shuba, “grinding” exposes part of the coarse filler, and a grainy surface texture is formed.

The nature of the movement of the tool during “grinding” does not play a significant role in the formation of texture, since “Shuba” type plasters contain a large number of a large fraction of filler (crumbs), which is evenly distributed throughout the wall. As a rule, grind in a circular motion from top to bottom.

The texture of “Shuba” type plaster has a greater influence on the ratio of large and small filler particles in the composition of the material. Based on this, I highlight several additional varieties of decorative plaster of the “Fur Fur” type. The texture of “Lamb Fur Coat” is balanced in terms of granulometric composition.

In the plaster, along with the fine fraction, there is an increased content of large filler particles, and the texture of such decorative plaster is distinguished by relief, while the spaces between the particles of the large fraction are filled with fine filler. Plaster of this texture is dense and when finishing the facade, a smaller amount of dirt accumulates on the surface, most of which are washed off by precipitation during operation. Another type of Shuba plaster is the “Crocodile” texture or this texture is called “rubbed” Shuba. The main grains in the composition of such plaster are grains less than 1 mm. With additional grinding of such plaster, not a continuous surface is formed, but an “island” one.

Plaster Bark beetle has a grooved texture reminiscent of the surface of a tree trunk by a pest beetle. When “grinding” decorative plaster of the bark beetle type, the coarse filler in the plaster composition forms furrows to the entire depth of application of the layer. When “grinding” decorative plaster, it is important to pay attention to the bark beetle. Special attention uniform formation of a textured pattern over the entire surface, without any accumulations of coarse filler.

Depending on the direction and method of grinding, different surface textures can be formed. The simplest is to “grind” with your own hands in one direction horizontally, vertically or diagonally; such simple textures are called “rain”. There are also combined and complex textures. These textures are obtained by combining several simple movements when “grinding”, for example, moving along diagonals in different directions"Christmas tree"

In addition, “grinding” of decorative plaster can be done in a circular motion. With such movements, special attention should be paid to the uniform distribution of the filler over the entire surface of the “grind”, otherwise the texture of the base will not be uniform and will lose its aesthetic properties. The accumulation of large “crumbs” on any section of the wall should be avoided. When carrying out work, avoid applying strong pressure to the laid mortar mixture.

Features of hardening of decorative coatings.

Like most finishing materials, cement decorative plasters must be protected during hardening from excessive dehydration of the wall, which can provoke the formation of cracks on the surface. When carrying out finishing work on the outside of the building (on the façade or plinth) after applying the decorative coating, care should be taken to ensure that the surface of the hardening decorative plaster is not exposed to excessive sunlight and wind. To do this, a special “facade” mesh is installed on the facade of the building, which scatters the sun’s rays and protects the surface from excessive drying under the influence of the wind. When applying a decorative coating indoors, it is enough to prevent the appearance of drafts during the hardening of the plaster coating.

Surface finishing of decorative plaster

When using white cement-based decorative plaster as a decorative coating, it can then be painted in any color. When choosing paint, you need to remember a number of recommendations.

It is possible to paint the surface of decorative plaster only after it has completely dried, after approximately 2-4 days.

The most common mistakes when applying decorative plasters with your own hands

One of the main mistakes when working with decorative plasters is the formation of a non-uniform texture along the wall. In some cases, when working with “bark beetle” type plaster, there is an “accumulation” of coarse filler at the “grinding” boundary of two sections.

In this case, without allowing the decorative layer to completely set, remove the accumulated particles of coarse filler with your own hands and achieve a uniform “transition” between both sections. It is not uncommon for large filler to be missing from any area. Then you need to add coarse filler to this area and “grind” until the texture is uniform.

Decorative plaster is a finishing material that is used indoors, including those with high humidity, as well as for facades. Using this product, original textures are created on the surface, some of which look like works of art. Even a beginner can do this type of finishing. The main thing is to know how to apply decorative plaster.

The following requirements apply to decorative material:

• vapor permeability - this provides the base with protection from condensation, therefore, an environment favorable for the formation of mold and mildew will not arise under the material;
• moisture resistance - this parameter is recommended to be taken into account if the decorative agent is used for plastering facades or indoor surfaces with high humidity (swimming pools, bathrooms);
• ease of application - this is important for amateurs who do the finishing themselves;
• color of the product - in this case, they are guided by their own preferences, however, it should be taken into account that some materials give a different tone after hardening;
• price – professionals advise choosing a medium-sized product price category, since not everyone can afford a too expensive product, and the product does not always justify such a cost, and too cheap plaster is of low quality.

Types of decorative products

It is important to know how to apply decorative plaster, the video will be given below, and which product to choose. The material has several classification options. Depending on the type of coating being formed, the following products are distinguished:

• Embossed. They create various irregularities and bulges on the building foundation. The main advantage of these products is that you do not need to thoroughly prepare the surface for them. It is enough to level the base and repair large defects. Not big differences and minor defects will be corrected by the plaster itself.
• Textured. Such products contain mica particles, small pebbles and other fillers that form an original texture on the surface. There is also no thorough preparation of the surface for such plaster. It is enough to make the base smooth and without large defects. The material is applied using conventional construction tools. The use of special devices is not required.
• Structural. They are a homogeneous product. The product is applied to the surface, leveled, and then a relief is created using special tools, as in the photo below. To do this, rollers or various techniques for creating the structure are used.
• Smooth. Among these decorative materials Venetian plaster included. Using the product, an imitation of marble, wood, leather and other textures is created on a building base. The main advantage of the product is its attractive appearance, the disadvantages are the high cost and complexity of application. Amateurs without experience in applying decorative plaster are not recommended to use “Venetian”.

Before talking about how to properly apply decorative plaster, you should first choose the right material. By area of ​​application, the following types of products are distinguished:

• For facades. In this case, it is recommended to use textured materials. The packaging must be marked “for exterior use.” Only such products will withstand temperature changes and negative impacts. environment. Among the facade decorative plasters, “bark beetle” and “fur coat” are distinguished.
• For interior decoration. Any material will do here, but it is important to consider where exactly the product will be used. For the bathroom and suitable for kitchens only moisture-resistant composition. For dry rooms use any plaster.

The composition includes acrylic, silicone, silicate and mineral products. The choice of material depends on the type of building base, the location of the finishing and the budget. Are considered universal acrylic compositions. Such plasters are suitable for any type of surface, for interior and exterior decoration.

Required Tools

Beginners learning how to properly apply decorative plaster and videos on this topic are also advised to familiarize themselves with what tools will be required during finishing. To apply the material you need:

• a clean plastic bucket for mixing the solution;
• an industrial mixer or drill with a mixer attachment;
• grater;
• trowel;
• scraper;
• set of spatulas;
• roller and brushes.

Preparation of the solution

If decorative plaster is used (see video below for how to apply), it is important to prepare the product correctly. If a dry mixture is used, then add water to the product and knead construction mixer or a drill with a mixer attachment to obtain a homogeneous solution with the consistency of thick sour cream. The proportions of the products are indicated on the packaging. After this, the product is left for a few minutes, no more than 10. Then the solution is stirred again and used for its intended purpose.

Preparing the construction base

Is it possible to apply decorative plaster over starter plaster? This is a common question among amateurs. Professionals say that such finishing is not only acceptable, but also necessary if there are large differences and deep cracks in the building foundation. Decorative plaster will not eliminate significant defects. For this reason, the surface is plastered before applying the finishing agent.

The pre-construction base is freed from the old coating, cleaned of dust, dirt, mold, mildew, grease and oil stains. Then, unreliable fragments of the building base are removed and a primer is applied. Only after this is plastering performed. When it dries last layer, the surface is primed twice and proceed to decoration.

Methods of applying the composition

How to apply decorative plaster depends on what type of decorative coating will be used.

Spray

The easiest way to decorate a surface, which even a beginner without plastering experience can do. To do this, smooth decorative plaster is applied to the surface in one layer. Next, another product is sprayed over the material using a broom and stick. The broom is immersed in the solution, brought to the surface and hit with a stick. Splashes of material create an original pattern. To make the finish look more impressive, it is recommended to make the base and splashes of different shades.

Creating texture with a trowel

How to apply decorative plaster with a trowel is shown in the video below. First, a covering layer of material is made. After this, apply a little product to the trowel and use the tool to process the construction base in a circular motion. This creates an unusual pattern on the surface.

Hatching-combing

To create a pattern, use smooth or structural plaster and a metal brush. The material is placed on the surface and processed with a metal brush in a chaotic manner. After this, work is suspended for a day. Then the surface is treated with a spatula to get rid of unstable fragments of plaster.

Surface decoration with a decorative roller

To create a surface with an original pattern, use decorative rollers. The tool is passed over the wet plaster, wait for the product to harden and paint. To create an original design, you can also use a regular roller, after tying the tool with a rope or wrapping it in polyethylene. This device is also used on plaster that has set but not hardened. This is one of the most simple ways decorating the building base

"Sgraffito"

If decorative plaster was used for finishing, how to apply the material using the “sgraffito” technique is a question that arises for some users. For this method of application, it is necessary to divide the white solution into three parts, each painted in a separate color. Next, the compositions are sequentially applied to the surface. After this, a stencil design is cut out in the upper corner. Using this form, the plaster layers are removed - an original drawing is obtained.

Working with textured plasters

How to apply decorative plaster, the video is given below, to create texture on the surface? It all depends on the type of coverage.

"Fur coat"

To create a “fur coat”, an appropriate textured material is thrown onto the surface and distributed over the building base using a spatula. Recommended to do thin layer so that the texture looks more advantageous. After this, faux fur is passed over the raw material. Thanks to this, the product will acquire the desired texture. After the material has hardened, the surface is covered acrylic varnish or wax. This will improve the appearance of the finish and extend the service life.

"Bark beetle"

For this coating, a special “bark beetle” plaster is used. The material is thrown onto the surface and leveled with a trowel over the building base from top to bottom. The product contains small pebbles that drag behind the tool, leaving a mark on the coating. This is how an imitation of wood, eaten away by a bark beetle, is created. This texture is not covered with wax or varnish.

Venetian plaster

Application instructions Venetian plaster:

1. Prepare a solution, divide the product into three parts and mix each with different colors colors – two light and one dark.
2. Place three parts of the mortar on a wide spatula with a narrow spatula.
3. Apply the material to the surface.
4. After the product has set, level the base with a trowel in a circular motion.
5. When the material has hardened, apply a layer of primer and varnish or wax.

The video demonstrates the technology of applying decorative plaster.

Knowing how decorative plaster is applied, as shown in the video, you can create your own decor on the walls of the facade or inside the building. Choose the option you like, however, evaluate your strengths correctly, since some coatings require at least minimal experience in finishing.

As you know, plastering a facade in cold weather is not an easy task, because the process of constructing a building often continues in winter time. In this regard, the question arises at what temperature the surface of a building can be plastered and what rules should be followed.

Plastering walls, if necessary, in winter is possible when using heated solutions and at a temperature of no more than -15°C. If you need to carry out the plastering process at the lowest temperatures, you will need to thoroughly heat the surfaces of the walls and other partitions.

The main requirements for the process of plastering facades in frost include:

1. Maintaining the humidity of walls and other partitions, which should not exceed 8%.
2. Maintaining the solution during plastering of slopes (doors and windows), niches and others structural elements buildings undergoing the fastest cooling, with temperatures exceeding +8…+10°С. However, if possible, it is still recommended to carry out these manipulations with the above elements before the onset of cold weather. Because to maintain a temperature level of + 10°C in the premises, additional enhanced insulation will be required.
3. Plaster (with average temperature indoors) at the external ceilings of the building in frost at a height of 500 mm from the floor level should be at least +8°C; at the same time, near the ceiling it should not exceed +25...+30°С, because at higher temperatures, the solution can quickly dry out and crack, losing its strength.
4. External plastering work at ambient temperatures below 5°C can only be carried out with a solution containing chemical modifiers that can make it susceptible to hardening in frost and help achieve the design strength. It is also possible to plaster in winter with a mortar containing ground quicklime.
5. It is possible to plaster external walls that were built using the freezing method and that, due to manipulations with the façade plaster, have thawed the wall to a depth of at least half of it. In this case, the use warm water to speed up the process of warming up the façade walls and eliminating ice from them is strictly prohibited.

Frost-resistant plaster mixture, its advantages and specificity

Plastering in winter (especially when compared with ordinary summer plaster mortar) has an abundance of advantages and differences, of which the key ones are:

1. A large number of defrosting cycles, allowing for an impeccable appearance of the building façade even after 15-20 years of operation. Ordinary plaster at the same time, it is guaranteed to last only a few years, after which it will gradually begin to crack, fall off and require local ceiling repairs.
2. Wide range of temperatures. Frost-resistant plaster successfully withstands cold temperatures down to -50°C, and also feels good at +70°C; this makes it extremely reliable for use in any regional zones of the country.
3. The excellent “elasticity” of the finishing consistency prevents the appearance of cracks during temperature changes, which entails a reduction in money spent on repair and construction work on the building.
4. Fast drying period. Due to its special texture, the frost-resistant plaster mixture begins to harden just 2-3 hours after application, and it will take only a day for it to dry completely.
5. Increased degree of water resistance. Due to its moisture-proof characteristics, the frost-resistant mortar is considered almost a surrogate for water-repellent plaster mixtures, which makes it a universally suitable facing material for exterior facade work.

Preliminary preparation of the surface of facade walls for plastering the facade in cold weather

Before plastering the walls of a room that requires such manipulation, you need to prepare everything in advance. To do this you must:

• caulk all the gaps between the windows, door frames and walls;
• in a warmer period, plaster the slopes in advance;
• glaze the windows;
• doorways must be installed ahead of time with tight cover;
• interfloor and attic floors insulate.

An acceptable alternative is to set up a special unit at the construction site where the solutions will be heated, but it is more profitable to prepare the mixtures directly on the territory of the manufacturer and deliver them to the construction site packaged in packs, i.e. dosed.

In local conditions, fine sand is used to create a solution, which, after sifting, is heated in a container over a fire or other heating surface. Without a doubt, plastering in winter is a very serious matter, so lime should be taken ground and freshly slaked, otherwise it will carbonize during transportation; or use lime paste.

The complexity of the operation, which lies in the dilemma at what temperature it is possible to plaster, when using slaked lime, is a large generation of heat during operation, which entails, accordingly, an increase in humidity in the room. Help to survive the winter plaster mortar on the wall with minimal losses, the use of antifreeze additives will help.

In terms of consistency, the main composition of the finishing mixture includes cement, lime and sand (in a ratio of 1:1:4). The use of salts when plastering a facade in frost is dangerous, as efflorescence may occur after drying.

In winter, plastering of facades, both wooden and concrete (or brick), can be carried out using special technologies that will not allow the mixture to freeze when performing finishing and facade work.

Decorative plaster "Bark beetle" is construction material, intended for external and internal finishing of wall surfaces. This plaster owes its popularity to its aesthetic qualities and practicality.

This material got its name due to its appearance: the surface finished with it has specific grooves, similar to the marks left by a pest insect.

Properties of "Bark Beetle"

"Bark beetle" does not require additional processing after application. A wide palette of colors and shades makes it easy to choose the most suitable option for any interior or exterior of a building. Textured plaster "Bark beetle" is resistant to negative atmospheric influences, has mechanical strength and is not afraid of moisture. The surface covered with this plaster can be washed.

This material is also not afraid of temperature changes: it can withstand from – 55 to + 60 °C. The coating does not change color when exposed to ultraviolet radiation.
“Bark beetle” is absolutely not dangerous to humans: it does not emit harmful substances, does not contain plasticizers or solvents, and has a pleasant smell. It is resistant to acids, alkalis and is not afraid of the effects of industrial gases contained in the atmosphere. The plaster dissolves well in water and dries quickly after application.
This material contains titanium dioxide, marble chips fine fraction, copolymer acrylic dispersions (synthetic). The plaster is tinted with full-tone paints.

Preparing the mixture

For cooking plaster mixture water with a temperature of 15-20 ° C is required. Add the dry mixture in small portions to a special container with water, mixing thoroughly to avoid the appearance of lumps. For mixing, use a special attachment inserted into the chuck of an electric drill. Stir twice, with a five-minute break. The resulting mixture should be consumed within an hour.

When selecting the consistency, you should use the table that should be on the package: the ratio of the amount of water and dry mixture. Water cannot be added to the finished mixture (during operation). To prevent the solution from thickening, it must be stirred from time to time.

Applying the prepared mixture

Bark beetle plaster can be used as finishing material for walls and internal partitions from concrete, brick, plasterboard, from chipboards and sandwich panels.

Before applying plaster, the concrete surface must be prepared: cleaned of dust, oil stains and other contaminants. Using putty, you need to level the base and eliminate cracks and cracks. old paint needs to be removed. After the preparatory work, the wall is treated with a primer. After the wall has completely dried (after 6 hours), “Bark Beetle” can be applied.

Bark beetle facade plaster can be applied to a surface not treated with a primer. Before starting plastering work (1 hour before), the wall is generously moistened with water.

“Bark beetle” is applied using a grater from of stainless steel. The tool is oriented at an acute angle (approximately 60°) to the wall surface. The thickness of the plaster layer is selected depending on the fraction of the mineral filler. The final surface of the wall is formed with a plastic or wooden float. The direction of decorative grooves can be different: it depends on the amplitude and trajectory of the movements performed when applying plaster. Excessive pressure with a grater should not be allowed.

During the process of applying plaster, breaks in work are extremely undesirable: if you still need to take a break, you need to stick on masking tape. Hardened plaster, if necessary, is removed with a scraper or spatula.

This kind of work can only be done in the warm season. The air temperature should be within 5-30° above zero, humidity – up to 80%. The lower temperature limit for tinted plaster is slightly higher: + 9 °C. Under such conditions, the bark beetle does not dry out quickly. To begin work, it is advisable to wait for calm and not rainy weather; bright sunlight is also not desirable.

The tinted material must be from the same batch, and the water for preparing the mixture must be taken from the same source. The surface of the wall can subsequently be painted, but only after the wall has completely dried.

Safety precautions when working with bark beetle

When working with decorative plaster, you should wear work gloves: this will protect the skin of your hands from the negative effects of alkali formed as a result of the reaction of cement (which is part of the mixture) with water. If Bark Beetle gets into your eyes, they must be rinsed immediately. clean water and consult a doctor.

Nowadays, few people can be surprised by wallpaper. Despite the fact that manufacturers in this area are constantly improving, inventing new technological processes for their production and external effects, such wall decoration has a number of significant disadvantages. An excellent alternative to wallpaper is decorative plaster. This is a safe and practical coating that looks beautiful and is easy to clean. There are many varieties of decorative plaster; you can choose the effect for each interior, room or building, taking into account their main purpose.

You can decorate the entire room or part of it: one or two walls, or even a small area. Plaster combines harmoniously with other types of finishes, and a good choice of shade and volumetric texture will ideally complement any interior.

The work of applying decorative plaster is carried out relatively easily and, if desired, you can master it yourself. To apply it, you do not need to thoroughly level the walls, and this is its additional benefit. Wall covering design can be as complex as Venetian style, for example, and romantic, ascetic - whatever! It all depends on your desire, taste and capabilities.

What is plaster made from, and what types does it come in?

Decorative plaster is completely safe for human health and the environment; its composition is usually based on one of such components as cement, acrylic or silicone. It is by the main ingredient that the material is classified, since the properties of the final product directly depend on it.

It is also important to use each type of plaster for its intended purpose and not otherwise.

1. If we are talking about exterior decoration, then for such work they are used only façade views– they are more resistant to temperature changes, atmospheric conditions and ultraviolet radiation.
2. Interior decoration is the element of interior types of plasters.

When choosing one or another type of material, take into account the features of its operation. Whether the room has high humidity or is not heated - this determines what type of plaster is best to use. The type of design is also important - what the final result of the finishing should be, what types of relief, patterns and degree of roughness are provided for in the interior style. Let's consider the possible options.

It is made on a cement base and may also contain lime, sandstone, clay and similar components. Due to its composition, this type of plaster has affordable prices and a wide range.

It is sold as a dry mixture, which has a number of advantages:

1. Possibility of long-term storage at any temperature conditions. The dry mixture can be stored in unheated warehouses; it does not deteriorate at low or high temperatures. The main requirement is a dry room.
2. You can prepare any amount of plaster needed for the current work. This is especially convenient for finishing large areas when work lasts several days.
3. When preparing the working solution yourself, it is easy to vary its consistency. This may depend on the type of finish; for a smooth coating or roller work, you need a more liquid plaster, and for a three-dimensional design, a thicker plaster.

Mineral plaster is not fussy to work with; it is convenient to apply it with a spatula or trowel, and if the area is large, then using a hardware method. The thickness of the layer can vary depending on the need; when applying a layer of more than 15-18 centimeters, be sure to reinforce the plaster with mesh. After drying, this plaster forms a durable porous coating.

This finish is not prone to ignition and is ideal for soundproofing a room. It should also be noted that mineral coating can insulate walls well.

Of course, the appearance of mineral plaster is not particularly presentable, which makes its subsequent processing – painting, varnishing – mandatory.

Also, the paint layer is necessary to prevent vapors and moisture from entering the coating, which is porous in structure. With high humidity, fungus can form in them.

Has a base of acrylic resin which provides a durable layer finished material. Acrylic plaster has high vapor and moisture resistance characteristics, is resistant to ultraviolet radiation, various contaminants and temperature fluctuations. Thanks to its excellent characteristics, it can be used in rooms with high humidity, such as a bathroom or kitchen, as well as facade finishing for outdoor work.

This type of plaster is sold in a ready-to-use form - you do not need to prepare it yourself, bring out the required thickness and mix thoroughly, avoiding the formation of lumps. You can add the desired dye to the finished acrylic plaster yourself or order the desired shade in a tinting studio, where it can be matched to the overall style of the interior.

It is important to prepare at once the entire volume of colored plaster required for work, otherwise it will not be possible to avoid different colors. Various additives, antifungals, antiseptics and the like can also be used. Wherein, price policy quite affordable, it is, of course, more expensive than mineral, but much cheaper than other types of decorative plaster.

Acrylic plaster is probably the most convenient of all decorative plasters. Due to its composition, it has high plastic properties and is well suited for design of varying degrees of complexity.

First, the surface to be finished must be cleaned and primed - this way the layer of plaster will hold firmly and last for a long time. Acrylic plaster is applied with various spatulas; decorative elements can be made using rollers, brushes, various molds, or even the most original, homemade inventions.

It should also be noted the elasticity of this material. This fact allows it to be used for the most different surfaces. Acrylic plaster is easily applied to wood, brick, OSB panels, porous materials, stone, drywall or even foam. It can be applied manually and mechanically. Special installations for application are used, as a rule, for large volumes of work.

It should be noted that acrylic plaster It hardens quickly, so you need to work with it carefully. To get the same shade and texture of the coating, you should not take breaks in work for more than half an hour. During application, the material should be stirred as often as possible, especially after adding a new portion, so that it remains homogeneous.

Acrylic plaster finishes are impressive and quite durable. With this material you can do any designer's imagination and make your wildest dreams come true. Durability ensures ease and ease of maintenance. This coating can be washed with non-abrasive detergents, clean from dust and other contaminants.

Consists of silicone resins and various types of fillers such as fabric, mineral materials and the like. This type of plaster is purely decorative and is used only for finishing. It can be used both indoors and outdoors.

This type of plaster does not require preliminary leveling of the walls, as it will do it on its own, while simultaneously adding a decorative component. This material is more expensive than previous types, but its price is largely due to its universal properties, and therefore is completely justified. For sale silicone plaster in containers of various sizes, which makes it possible to purchase it in required quantity, even if it is small.

The advantages of this type of plaster are difficult to exaggerate:

1. Very long service life. Even facade silicone plaster, subject to temperature changes, atmospheric conditions and direct exposure to sunlight, can retain its appearance for up to twenty years! What can we say about the interior decoration - the duration of operation here is even longer.
2. High level of vapor permeability. This material can provide any necessary indoor microclimate. It easily tolerates moisture, high temperature or steam, condensation and mold do not form on the walls, and fungus is not dangerous.
3. This material has increased elasticity, this means that the treated surface will not change even with mechanical damage.

Silicone plaster is sold white or colored - you can choose a ready-made shade, or you can color it as you wish. Can be applied as a smooth coating or using any decorating technique.

The technique of use is practically no different from other plaster mixtures.

It is important, after opening the container, to mix the material thoroughly, and also, before starting work, to thoroughly clean the walls from dirt and residues. old plaster and the like.

For finishing, a metal spatula is used, which must be held at an angle to the surface being treated. The standing thickness depends on the size of the silicone plaster fraction, but in general, all these coatings are thin-layer. She is not picky in her work, and is quite suitable even for beginners, especially if you want to get an unusual and stylish design.

It is produced on the basis of liquid glass and also contains mineral additives and pigments. It is most often used as facade decoration, but can also be used indoors.

It copes well with protecting treated surfaces from the effects of atmospheric phenomena: dampness, wind, temperature. Available for sale in ready-to-use form, there is both white and colored plaster.

A distinctive feature of silicate plaster is its vapor and moisture resistance. These properties make it ideal for loose and porous walls, for example, gas or foam concrete. The material allows for a breathable covering of the walls, as a result of which the formation of mold or condensation on the walls is unlikely. The plaster is also resistant to cracking and has proven itself to be excellent in maintenance - it can be washed with water and is easily cleaned of dirt.

There are, however, some disadvantages of silicate plaster:

1. The material fits well on mineral surfaces, but if you plan to work on others, careful pre-treatment is required. This increases the duration of the finishing process and the costs of its implementation.
2. It hardens quickly, which means it needs to be applied at an accelerated pace, rework is excluded.
3. May change color when exposed to solar radiation, especially for bright and dark shades.
4. It has a fairly high cost.

When choosing this type of plaster, you need to weigh its advantages and disadvantages, in certain cases - this particular type of finishing is ideal and wins over others decorative coatings.

Types of decorative plaster finishing

Decorative plasters can be not only of different types, but also with various special fillers that will give the surface a particular effect. That is, there is no need to independently develop the decor and do it manually. Thanks to the special texture of the plaster, you can decorate the interior simply by applying it to the walls. These types of plaster include:

Textured plaster

The filler used here is mica, small pebbles or sand, and wood fiber. This is one of the most versatile and therefore common types of finishes. The layer thickness ranges from 0.2 to 2 mm. This type of plaster is the easiest way to implement various design ideas and textures; after application, you can play with it colorfully by painting it in different shades or highlighting elements with gold and silver pigments.

Here, small quartz grains, sand or other additives are used. minerals. After application to the surface, this plaster gives a uniform layer of a certain pattern. Additionally, you can use a textured roller.

The main component of this type of plaster is the marble fraction, very finely ground. Therefore, all images made using this technique turn out smooth and shiny, visually similar to noble marble stone.

No less popular is a variety of Venetian plaster – Moroccan. It is made with the same materials, however, its peculiarity is the multi-layer coating; it is applied in three layers: the first and last of which are plain, and the middle one is gold-plated. Externally it also resembles marble slabs.

Interesting, modern material. It consists of colored acrylic flakes, sometimes called flocks or chips. Particles can come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. This plaster perfectly imitates suede, velor, leather and is successfully used to decorate various surfaces - ceilings, walls, columns.

Among all types of decorative plaster, I would like to note the most popular types finishes are “bark beetle”, “lamb” and “fur coat”. Their constant demand among buyers is thoroughly justified: the textures of the plaster have an impressive appearance, are easy to use and practical to maintain. Of course, affordable cost is also an important factor. Let's look at each type in a little more detail.

This mixture consists of several components; the bulk of the plaster contains special mineral granules, about 2 mm in size. Larger granules can also be used for outdoor work - they are more relevant for large areas. It is these particles that, when applied to the surface, create a peculiar pattern that imitates the movements of a tree beetle - the bark beetle.

This design looks attractive and unusual, plus a well-chosen color of the plaster will complement the overall image of the finished finish.

"Bark beetle" - final view decorative plaster, it is used only for finishing work, on a prepared surface. There are no particularly strict requirements for the base; you don’t need to thoroughly level it; it’s enough to just seal cracks if there are any, clean out rough spots and apply a primer for better adhesion of the materials. The plaster has proven itself well on brick, concrete, stone surfaces, as well as on drywall.

“Bark beetle” is available for sale in the form of a dry mixture, and there is one already ready for use. The choice depends only on you! If you buy it in dry form, then to dilute it you will need a large container, water and a special construction mixer to mix the solution.

The ready-to-use product is sold in hermetically sealed buckets of various sizes; thanks to the consumption indicated on the label, you can easily estimate how many kilograms of solution you will need. In addition, the finished mixture can be purchased colored or tinted according to the buyer’s choice by adding special coloring pastes.

The bark beetle is not whimsical in its work. Available not only for professionals, but also for self-taught amateurs. All you need are metal spatulas different sizes– for applying plaster, a plastic grater – for rubbing and a little care and patience. The solution hardens quite slowly, therefore, during the work it can be corrected or partially redone.

The bark beetle coating, while not high price and ease of application, it looks impressive, holds firmly and can please the eye for a long time.

Decorative plaster “Lamb”

This is a type of decorative plaster, the basis of which is cement. Mineral components appear here in the form of additives: quartz, marble, dolomite and the like. Also, special additives are usually added to the “lamb” composition, providing the coating with frost resistance, resistance to atmospheric conditions, and ultraviolet radiation.

This type of plaster is sometimes used indoors, but it has proven itself especially well as a façade finish. It protects external walls well from mold, moisture and mechanical damage. And its beautiful appearance can decorate any building.

“Lamb” fits well on almost all types of walls: brick, cement, plasterboard, stone - anything will suit it. Before application, the surfaces simply need to be cleaned and primed, maybe even several times - this additional protection from fungus and mold.

Most often, such plaster is sold in the form of a dry mixture - if we talk about facade works, this is quite justified: it is cheaper in price and more convenient to use - you can prepare it as needed.

It is not difficult to prepare the solution; you need to dilute the dry plaster with water in a large container in the proportions indicated on the packaging and mix thoroughly with a construction mixer. note that decorative elements in plaster can settle to the bottom of the container over time, therefore, during work, the mixture must sometimes be stirred until smooth.

Apply decorative plaster with a metal spatula or trowel; this must be done with even pressure so that the granules are distributed evenly over the surface. Immediately after application, the solution is rubbed with a special grater. After mashing, a peculiar relief is formed, similar to the skin of a lamb.

The work of applying such decor is quite painstaking and it is better to entrust it to a professional or, in extreme cases, to carry it out not alone, but by a team of several people.

After the plaster has completely dried, it can be painted in the desired color, this will give the facade a complete, harmonious appearance. “Lamb” is capable of not only protecting walls from various kinds influences, but will also make them beautiful and stylish.

Decorative plaster “Shuba”

One of the first and most popular already for a long time, decorative coatings. Modern compositions of this decorative plaster are much more durable, elastic and aesthetically attractive than the previous ones. The “fur coat” is especially attractive for its affordable price, which makes it constantly in demand.

It can be applied to any mineral surface: brick, stone, cement, sand mortar.

There is only one requirement: the walls must be strong and the surface must be free of dust. A properly executed finish will last long years without any special changes appearance.

There are quite a lot of “fur coat” options on sale. The dry mixture is offered in various color variations, with different fraction sizes.

The mixture is sold in buckets ready to apply, which can also be already painted or white, in which case you can tint it yourself or in the studio.

You can apply the “fur coat” either manually - with a special roller, or by mechanical means: with a machine or even a compressor, it depends on the size of the surfaces that need to be treated. Small area, it is quite possible to do it yourself using a roller, but if we are talking about, then here it is better to resort to the help of special devices.

As for painting, this can be done after the solution has hardened; in this case, the “fur coat” can be repainted from time to time, changing the interior. But it’s more profitable to add color already when preparing the plaster - then mechanical damage or chips during the operation of the facade, you are not afraid.

Which plaster to choose?

Planning renovation work, I want to understand in which case which material is most profitable to use. After all, the interior should not only be beautiful, but also practical, safe and, if possible, durable. Decorative plaster meets all these parameters in full, so if you choose this material, you definitely won’t go wrong.

How to decide which type of plaster to prefer and why?

You already know that, first of all, the type of product depends on the conditions for which it will be used. If we are talking about façade work, then we must, naturally, give preference to materials that can withstand subzero temperatures, moisture and ultraviolet radiation.

It is also important here what result you plan to achieve: for a more austere appearance, simple acrylic plaster is suitable, not expensive and quite attractive, it can decorate the facade. However, if you can afford more durable materials, higher cost, then, of course, you should prefer silicone plaster - it’s more expensive, but it will also last much longer!

If simple smooth surface seems too primitive to you, you should pay attention to ready-made structural plasters - “lamb”, “bark beetle”, “fur coat” - they look more interesting and also last a long time.

When choosing a material, it is important whether you will do the coating yourself or entrust the work to specialists. If you plan to plaster yourself, choose materials that are easier to work with. This is the same “bark beetle” - you can correct flaws while working, or acrylic plaster, with which you can bring your fantasies to life. For beginners, plasters in finished form, just stir them before using. When buying dry mixtures, you need to very carefully observe the proportion with water, otherwise you will end up with a consistency that is not convenient for work and all plans will go down the drain.

2. Interior decoration of the room.

But as for the interior decoration, the choice here is simply huge and there are many options. Again, think about what room you are planning to purchase decorative plaster for. If it's a bathroom or kitchen, you should choose vapor- and moisture-resistant materials. Depending on financial capabilities, this can be acrylic, or better yet, silicone plaster. They perfectly withstand moisture, dampness and prevent the formation of fungus and mold.

Residential premises can be finished with absolutely any type of plaster intended for interior works! What is especially attractive is that the types of materials can be combined with each other, say, in a room decorated with mineral plaster of the same tone, to highlight some zones in the Venetian design. If there are columns or protrusions, they can be perfectly decorated with flock plaster. One or two walls covered structural plaster, favorably emphasize the overall style of the interior. Here you need to rely on your sense of taste, the size of the room and its purpose.

Decorative plaster - modern, environmentally friendly and practical material. With its help you can achieve various effects: from a simple imitation of water ripples to pompous Venetian stained glass windows. This material is durable and easy to maintain, which will allow you, once you make a repair, not to think about it for many years to come. The main thing here is to choose the right type of plaster that is really necessary and use it correctly, otherwise everything depends on your imagination!

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