As is known, for the construction of pipelines hot water or heating systems using standard polypropylene or polyethylene pipes impossible, since plastic is not able to withstand the required temperature load.
However, the use of more traditional products made of metals and alloys (copper, steel, etc.) is also undesirable - they are quite expensive and have too much weight, making installation and repair of the circuit difficult. In this case, it comes to the rescue modern solution – fiberglass reinforced polypropylene pipes, combining the lightness of plastic and the reliability of alloys. It is the RVK pipe that has these characteristics.
Pros and cons of polypropylene products
Advantages of conventional polypropylene (PPR) pipes:
- low cost - the price of such products is significantly less than products made from metals and alloys;
- strength;
- light weight - polymer products are much lighter than similar metal ones;
- resistance to low temperatures;
- chemical neutrality to most aggressive environments - acids, alkalis, oil and gas products, saline solutions;
- no threat of corrosion.
Disadvantages of simple pipes:
- A small value of the upper temperature threshold - polypropylene pipes begin to melt when they reach 175°C, and soften when the temperature in the system rises to 130-140°C. At first glance, this should not be a problem, since the operating temperature in the heat supply system is characterized by values of 90-95°C; however, when combining two parameters – high blood pressure and high operating temperature - the damage received by the pipes from the coolant becomes more significant, therefore, the risk of pipe damage increases.
- Tendency to expand significantly with increasing thermal load. To a greater extent, this concerns the length of the product: the length of the pipes increases greatly, and wavy lines appear on the surface. This is not only unsightly, but also carries the threat of depressurization of the circuit or damage to wall or floor coverings, including cracking of fragile materials - plaster or cement.
This problem in the usual ways cannot be solved, even the installation of compensators is not entirely effective. The most logical solution is the use of glass fiber reinforced plastic pipes. Characterized by all the positive properties of high-molecular compounds, and in addition increased resistance to high temperatures, these pipes can be used in almost any heating circuits and hot water supply systems.
Comparison of pipes reinforced with glass fiber and aluminum foil
To strengthen plastic pipes and give them thermal stability, two types of reinforcement are used:
- aluminum foil;
- fiberglass.
In this case, the aluminum plate can be used in various options: in perforated or solid form, act as an outer covering or be located in the middle of products, between layers of polymer. Fiberglass is certainly placed inside reinforced plastic pipes.
It should also be noted that aluminum reinforcement allows the product to withstand greater pressure within the system, so if the operating pressure is unknown or too high, it is better to use this option.
Characteristics of foil-reinforced pipes (designated PPR-AL-PPR):
- increased rigidity of products, resistance to mechanical loads and all types of deformation;
- thickness of the reinforcing metal layer – 0.1-0.5 mm (varies depending on the size of the pipe cross-section);
- the method of joining aluminum and plastic is glue, the quality of which determines the quality of the products;
- excellent tightness that does not decrease over time.
Installation of pipes with an aluminum layer is associated with some technological difficulties: before soldering or welding individual elements the metal layer at the ends needs to be cleaned. Failure to comply with this recommendation will lead to a rapid loss of structural integrity - due, first of all, to delamination of the polymer and metal during heat treatment, secondly, due to electrochemical damage to aluminum.
Against the background of the problems listed above, polypropylene pipes with fiberglass look like a more acceptable solution:
- the reinforcing material is quite similar in nature and characteristics to the main polymer;
- there is no need to clean the ends before welding or soldering;
- During the heat treatment process, the glass fiber and alloy not only do not delaminate, but, on the contrary, form a more durable connection.
Based on this, a glass fiber reinforced pipe is in most cases perfect solution for designing pipelines of various technological directions.
Characteristics of glass fiber reinforced products
As you might guess, such products have three layers: two polypropylene and one reinforcing layer, consisting of the same material mixed with fiber fibers (fiberglass). Due to the almost identical composition, such a three-layer structure is almost equivalent to a monolithic one.
Characteristics of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene pipes:
- complete absence of threat of corrosion;
- remarkable smoothness of the internal surface of the products, resisting the accumulation of deposits and, as a result, the occurrence of blockages;
- increased mechanical strength of products;
- no threat to longitudinal or transverse deformation when the internal temperature of the system increases;
- chemical and biological neutrality - both to aggressive environments and to waste products;
- low hydraulic resistance, therefore, the value of pressure losses is reduced to a minimum;
- good noise reduction;
- do not affect the properties of the supplied water in any way, therefore, are absolutely safe for human health;
- long service life – with correct installation and operation – at least 50 years.
Regarding the dimensional characteristics of glass fiber reinforced pipes, the most popular diameters are:
- up to 17 mm – used for installing heated floors;
- up to 20 mm – for domestic hot water pipes;
- 20-25 mm - such pipes with fiberglass are used for indoor heating common use and when installing sewer risers.
To secure pipes of smaller diameter, plastic clips are sufficient; for products with larger cross-sections, it is necessary to use clamps.
Installation of fiberglass pipes
The connection of such products is carried out in the same way as conventional plastic pipes.
There are three ways to fasten products:
- Using threaded fittings.
- Using cold welding(that is, special glue).
- Thermal welding (soldering).
The first option is made as follows: the end of the pipe is pulled onto the fitting of the connecting element and crimped in a circle with a mounting nut. The connection is not inferior in reliability (strength and tightness) to the third method; it can be used even when constructing pressure-type pipelines. The only drawback is that if you apply excessive force when tightening the mounting nut, it can simply burst.
In the case of cold welding, the glue used ensures quick creation of the joint, but not reliability. When installing, apply to the inner surface of the polypropylene coupling adhesive composition, then the end of the pipe to be connected is inserted there; the connection is held motionless for some time so that the glue has time to harden.
When welding with welding machine the surfaces of pipe ends and couplings are heated; after joining they form a single polymer mass. This connection is the most durable and airtight.
In general, the use of fiberglass reinforced pipes is completely justified, convenient and profitable from an economic point of view.
How are glass fiber reinforced polypropylene heating pipes better than classic ones? metal structures? Having understood the properties and qualities of innovative pipes, it will be easier not only to answer these questions, but also to make right choice For specific system. It is equally important to determine the main criteria for evaluating products when comparing.
When choosing pipes, it should be taken into account that the properties of the material are optimized due to the multilayer structure of the products. Thanks to it, the polymer acquires the ability to withstand high temperatures without expanding linearly, unlike unreinforced types of pipelines made of this material. The advantages of polypropylene include:
- ease of installation,
- light weight of system elements, which greatly simplifies transportation and installation,
- environmental safety,
- absence of vibration and noise during operation,
- minimal hydraulic losses,
- resistance to the formation of mineral deposits on the internal surface,
- insulating properties that allow pipes not to conduct stray currents,
- durability (50 years or more),
- higher strength of welded joints (compared to collet joints),
- efficiency (due to reduced heat loss),
- immunity to mechanical stress,
- chemical resistance,
- affordable price.
Aesthetically attractive polypropylene tubes do not require painting.
Scope of application
Even knowing all the advantages of the products, how to choose polypropylene pipes for heating for a specific facility is decided individually. Polypropylene (or thermoplastic) is capable of changing its properties with changes in temperature. Limit values are indicated on the pipes. Polypropylene pipes for heating are suitable for most systems, specifications which can withstand temperatures up to +95 °C. This limit value is indicated taking into account a kind of “reserve”; a short-term increase in temperature to +110 °C will not destroy the system and will not cause negative impact on its characteristics. The polymer begins to soften only at +140 °C, and melt at +175 °C.
Polypropylene products should not be used for installation of centralized communications in regions where possible very coldy, and the coolant temperature sometimes exceeds the boiling point. For systems autonomous heating With the ability for the user to control the temperature of the coolant, polypropylene is excellent. Polymer pipes are suitable for classical systems heating the house and for.
Types of reinforcement
Reinforcement of polypropylene increases its strength and reduces the coefficient of thermal expansion.
Aluminum
Aluminum reinforcement thin sheet(foil) can be done inside or along the outer layer. In the first case, the aluminum foil is located in the middle or closer to the inner surface of the pipe.
Reinforcing aluminum layers may differ in structure:
- solid,
- perforated.
Fiberglass
The advantages of a fiberglass-reinforced polypropylene pipe for heating: a price that is affordable and attractive to buyers for the quality of the product and even lower thermal conductivity. Such products are recommended for installation of heating using the open method. It should also be noted that fiberglass as a reinforcing layer does not require, unlike an aluminum layer, additional stripping of pipes before welding.
Polypropylene pipes for heating, reinforced inside with glass fiber, they are made by coextrusion and the reinforcing layer is located in the middle, the outer and inner surfaces of the pipes are polypropylene.
The disadvantage of this type of product is fragility.
Composite
The composite or composite material is a mixture of fiberglass and polypropylene. Such reinforcement improves performance products and eliminates the main disadvantage of fiberglass reinforcement. When mixed with polypropylene, glass fiber forms a strong bond on molecular level, the product does not become fragile. At the same time, composite-reinforced products are the most durable and durable; there is no need to clean them during installation. Composite is the optimal answer to the question: “which polypropylene pipe to choose for heating?”
Criterias of choice
When studying the polypropylene pipes on the market, they decide which one to choose based on a set of basic operating parameters.
Operating pressure
When marking, the parameter is indicated by the letters PN. The choice of value is determined by the characteristics of the system. If there is a need to periodically perform pressure testing for ordinary pipelines, it is optimal to choose PN20 brand products, but for high temperatures characteristic of heating systems (from +70 °C), PN25 pipelines with composite or fiberglass reinforcement are suitable.
The pressure in floor and autonomous heating systems is usually lower (up to 10 atmospheres), so PN20 polypropylene pipes with monolithic or perforated aluminum reinforcement are suitable for their installation.
Operating coolant temperature
Which polypropylene pipes are better for heating depends on the type of system. Due to the fact that the coolant temperature in “warm floor” systems is lower (usually up to +40 °C), they can use not only pipes with any type of reinforcement, but also mono-composition products.
In radiator-type systems with a coolant temperature of about +85 °C, any reinforced polypropylene pipes can be used.
Pipe diameter
- For large objects (large saunas, hotels, hospitals, etc.) pipes of 200 mm or more will be required.
- For the installation of heating systems in private houses, the necessary water flow will be provided by pipes of 20-32 mm. They are easy to install yourself, including giving the necessary bend.
- Heating polypropylene pipes with reinforcement are also used for the installation of hot water supply lines. In this case, choose a diameter of 20 mm, and for risers, products of 25-32 mm are optimal.
- In systems central heating 25 mm pipes are used.
- For a warm floor, 16 mm is enough.
Comprehensive autonomous system heating will require the use of pipes of different diameters.
- For example, when installing heating in a private house with single pipe system The radiators are connected in series to the main line. To install such a ring, you will need pipes of 32-40 mm, and for radiator outlets - up to 26 mm.
- At two-pipe system The operating principle of heating is different. Parallel operation of the supply and return lines reduces the pressure in the lines, so you should choose pipes of a smaller diameter - up to 30 mm.
To improve the mechanical properties and performance characteristics of polypropylene pipes, reinforcement is used. Reinforced polypropylene pipe preserves everything positive traits plastic product and acquires additional advantages - rigidity, resistance to temperature and pressure. Polypropylene is reinforced with fiberglass or aluminum. Each type of pipe has its own advantages, installation details, and operating features.
Polypropylene is an organic polymer from which safe-to-use, cheap (compared to metal) pipes with a long service life are made. A significant disadvantage of pipelines made of simple polypropylene is their sagging and deformation when the temperature of the transported liquid increases.
The second quality of polypropylene, which creates problems during the operation of pipelines, is their linear (lengthwise) expansion during operation in heating or hot water supply. Pipe extension reaches 10 cm per 1 linear meter and requires the installation of compensators.
At open installation This degrades aesthetics and adds cost. When closed, the movement of the pipeline can cause destruction of the plaster.
Reinforcement is the addition of a polypropylene-strengthening material to the pipe wall: aluminum or fiberglass.
Reinforcement of plastic materials with glass fiber is the latest development in this area and takes into account the disadvantages of metal reinforcement. Additional inner layer stabilizes plastic organic matter, making pipes more durable.
Reinforced plastic pipelines approach the capabilities of metal ones, while maintaining all the advantages of an organic polymer.
Reinforced polypropylene pipe has the following qualities:
- remains inert to chemical attack;
- does not emit harmful substances, suitable for use in the food industry;
- maintains the smoothness of the inner wall, does not “overgrow” with sediment and scale;
- are dielectrics, have low noise and thermal conductivity;
- has a price lower than metal products;
- It is light in weight and easy to transport;
- the coefficient of linear expansion is reduced by 5 times compared to conventional polypropylene;
- withstands more significant temperature and power loads;
- remains available for self-installation.
Until recently, predominantly traditional or steel were used. But the emergence of polypropylene products significantly shook leadership positions metal products. Fiberglass-reinforced pipes have become especially noticeable on the market. Why do consumers increasingly prefer these types of polypropylene products? What are their advantages? And are there any fundamental disadvantages? For your attention not only the answers to questions asked, but also the basic subtleties of choosing fiberglass-reinforced pipes.
Advantages of pipes
Polypropylene pipes reinforced with a fiberglass frame have a number of advantages that make them attractive for use in heating systems:
Disadvantages of pipes
The disadvantages of polypropylene heating pipes with fiberglass reinforcement are much smaller than the advantages, but they should not be overlooked.
- The coating of products may be damaged by exposure to ultraviolet rays, therefore it is not recommended to install them in open space - it is advisable to install pipes in solid foundations: in the floor or walls.
- Pipes reinforced with glass fiber are characterized by low resistance to internal pressure - in this indicator they are inferior to similar polypropylene products with an aluminum frame.
Advice. To prevent deformation of pipes with a fiberglass frame under the influence of high pressure, install them using as many fasteners as possible - if the product is not fixed firmly, it will simply sag.
- The external rigidity of the fiberglass frame is somewhat less than the rigidity of the aluminum frame, so such pipes are not very resistant to severe mechanical damage.
Since the popularity of reinforced pipes is growing at an incredible pace, some unscrupulous manufacturers use low-quality fiberglass to reduce costs and increase production volume. In order not to fall for the trick of such manufacturers and not lose your money, be sure to ask the seller for quality certificates of the polypropylene products offered.
Pipe selection: sizes and pressure
Even the highest quality pipes will be able to fully demonstrate their advantages only under one condition: if they are correctly selected for a specific heating system. And to do this, you need to take into account two important parameters: dimensions and pressure - they directly affect the conditions under which this or that product can be used.
Polypropylene pipes and fittings
So, taking into account the internal diameter, there are three functional groups pipes:
- for central or autonomous heating system– with a diameter of 20-50 mm;
- for risers – with a diameter of 10-75 mm;
- for heated floors – with a diameter of 16-90 mm.
Most often, standard heating systems use pipes with an internal diameter of 20-25 mm. The maximum outer diameter can reach 1200 mm.
Advice. By deciding on specific indicators of external and internal diameters pipes, take into account throughput heating system in which they will be installed.
As for pressure, you should pay attention to the markings of the pipes - it makes it clear what maximum pressure systems withstand specific reinforced polypropylene products:
- PN-10 – 1 MPa;
- PN-20 – 2 MPa;
- PN-25 – 2.5 MPa.
Important! Do not buy pipes marked PN-6 - they are not suitable for the heating system.
As you can see, fiberglass reinforced polypropylene pipes - worthy alternative not only the usual metal products, but also many innovative products. They are easy to install, environmentally friendly, resistant to very high temperatures and have a long service life - these qualities allow pipes to be ideal material for organizing a functional and durable heating system.
Polypropylene pipes and fittings: video
Polypropylene pipes for heating: photo
For communication systems in a residential building, reliability and simplicity of design always come first. In order for the cold and hot water supply system to function normally in an apartment, house or country house, and for the heating equipment to work fully, it is necessary to lay the pipeline correctly and competently. Here the pipes come to the fore - an engineering and technological element on which the entire water and heat supply system is subsequently based. When choosing pipes for a heating system, you have to take into account literally every little detail, from technological parameters to the material used and manufacturing method.
The complexity of the task lies in the fact that today the consumer has at his disposal pipes for heating the most different types and types. , a new type of consumable material that is successfully used for laying household pipelines. for installation of heating systems, with fiberglass or reinforced with aluminum - this is “know-how” recent years. Cheap, reliable, practical and easy-to-use consumable material.
Do synthetic consumables meet the objectives of the heating system? How reliable are fiberglass-reinforced polypropylene pipes? How to make the right purchase? These questions need to be addressed in more detail.
What are reinforced polypropylene pipes
Life support communication systems that use metal pipes are becoming a thing of the past. Despite the fact that metal consumables are highly durable and quite reliable in operation, the high cost of the material and complex installation influenced the fact that interest in such materials has noticeably weakened at the everyday level. As an alternative metal pipes Consumers today are focusing on reinforced synthetic consumables.
During the manufacturing process of products, polypropylene is strengthened by adding special components to the structure. As a result, at the end we have a completely different, qualitatively new consumable material - reinforced polypropylene pipes. Reinforcement is traditional way mechanical strengthening of communications. Due to inclusion in the polypropylene channel synthetic fibers in the form of a braid, it was possible to significantly increase the strength and rigidity of the material. Reinforcement is performed both in the middle of the product itself and on the inside. Internal reinforcement is extremely rare, but the inclusion of an additional middle layer of fiberglass into the structure of the finished product is a fairly common technology.
On a note: reinforcement on the inner wall of the pipe is not advisable. There is a high probability of rapid blockages due to the formation of salt deposits on the walls of the internal channel. The quality of water used for domestic purposes, including heating, is not always ideal.
Having replaced metal pipes, reinforced polypropylene consumables have radically changed the entire technology of laying pipelines for heat supply systems. The synthetic material is not inferior to metal in strength, is resistant to corrosion processes and copes well with temperature changes.
We especially captivate the consumer by the fact that, reinforced and reinforced with fiberglass, they are suitable for heating any premises. Polypropylene consumables can effectively interact with almost any type of heating equipment and heating equipment.
The cost of such products is an order of magnitude less than the cost of metal, copper or metal-plastic pipelines. This aspect is especially important when it comes to organizing a heating system throughout the house. In houses and apartments large area, in two-story residential buildings, the use of synthetic reinforced channels makes it possible to literally entangle the entire building with a network of pipelines. Length of pipeline made from synthetic materials, in some cases reaches several hundred meters. With other products you won’t allow yourself such luxury, trying to save on every centimeter.
For reference: the length of the heat supply system in a private residential building with an area of 100 m2 is about 100 meters, including return. Compare the cost of reinforced polypropylene pipes required for laying a pipeline of this length and the price of metal products or metal-plastic.
Let's summarize. Reinforcement is carried out with the aim of giving the polypropylene pipe the necessary strength. Why is fiberglass used for this purpose? The answer is simple. The glass fiber inserted into the middle is impregnated with elastic plastic mass, creating a single whole together with the surrounding outer and outer layers of polypropylene. As a result, the required integrity of the product is achieved. By incorporating a layer of fiberglass into the pipe structure, it was possible to significantly reduce the thickness of the inner wall, while maintaining the main working diameter of the channel.
On a note: Aluminum-reinforced polypropylene pipes can delaminate over time. Frequent sudden changes in coolant temperature cause such a negative phenomenon.
Features of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene consumables
For home heating system the most important parameter- ease of use and long term services. The functionality of each component and element of a water heating system determines the level of comfort and degree of reliability of the equipment. What is most important when installing a heating system in a house? Durability and convenient operation. When installing a heating system in a house, we want to make sure that the entire complex of equipment works autonomously, without our participation.
They can reassure you in this regard. , taking into account thermal calculations and operating features will ensure long-term and uninterrupted operation of the system home heating. Reinforced synthetic consumables used in heating communications are designed for 20-25 years of service.
Resistance to corrosive processes, ability to withstand high pressure and significant temperature differences make synthetic highways and communications very convenient and practical to use. The permissible temperature range for such material is: -10 0 C +90 0 C, which is especially important when configuring autonomous heating. Polypropylene with fiberglass is not afraid of freezing. When the coolant in the system freezes, synthetic lines, unlike metal products, retain their shape, structure and integrity.
Synthetic, fiberglass-reinforced pipes are an excellent dielectric, and when in contact with fire, polypropylene is non-toxic and decomposes into water vapor and carbon. Along with the listed features, synthetic water channels based on fiberglass have other advantages. Eg:
- simple, quick and convenient installation;
- laying pipes does not require special skills or specialization;
- the strength of the seams allows you to use even pieces of pipe in installation, minimizing waste;
- interchangeability of individual elements in case of pipeline damage;
- affordable price of material.
And the most important advantage that reinforced polypropylene pipes have is the absence of the effect of sagging of the pipeline.
Important! For conventional polypropylene pipes, the sagging effect is a significant disadvantage. Polymers tend to have high coefficient thermal expansion. Upon contact with a hot coolant, polymers acquire additional elasticity and begin to change their structure.
Fiberglass or aluminum give polypropylene pipes the necessary resistance when heated. Pipelines for hot water or heating systems withstand temperature loads without losing their basic technological parameters. In addition, reinforced synthetics and fittings are perfectly combined with any interior decoration options. The heating system pipeline can be laid inside the walls, significantly increasing the usable volume of the interior.
Types of reinforced polypropylene pipes. Product marking
At the moment the market Supplies for heating systems has a wide choice. The labeling of products deserves attention, thanks to which we can get all necessary information about the operating parameters of the pipe and operational capabilities. For polypropylene reinforced pipes, marking plays a key role. Based on the information, we will be able to choose correctly and accurately required type, product type.
Let's start with the classification of polypropylene pipes, which is based on the variety of products. Synthetic consumables are divided into the following types:
- The first type - products made from homopolypropylene, have the PPH index (H - homopolymer). This type is characterized by high strength. They are usually used in cold water systems.
- The second type is pipes that contain a block copolymer (B - block copolymer). These consumables are marked with PPB indices and can be used in low-temperature heating systems (warm water floors).
- The third type is the most common. The products are used for underfloor heating and hot water supply. These are marked PPR pipes, where R is a random copolymer. Usually this type of product is made reinforced. The letter C is added to the existing PPR marking, indicating increased requirements for temperature surges (up to 95 0 C).
The European abbreviation PP corresponds to the Russian version PP, which means polypropylene.
Further, after the designations of the product’s belonging to the type of material, there are designations characterizing the value of the nominal operating pressure. PN indices are used for this purpose. At the domestic level, for water supply and heating systems, they are usually used reinforced pipes with indexes PN20, PN25. These two types are optimally suited for heating systems, both for centralized heating options and in combination with individual heating devices. The difference is that products with the PN20 index are reinforced with fiberglass, while those with the PN25 index have an aluminum layer.
Important! Unlike conventional polypropylene consumables, both options, PN20 and PN25, have a low coefficient of thermal expansion. For products reinforced with fiberglass, this figure is 5-7% higher than for foil-clad polypropylene pipes.
The required quality and compliance of the product with the declared parameters can be obtained by purchasing original, branded products. Price is an aspect on the basis of which one can determine a fake from a branded consumable. Reinforcing component - glass fiber can be different colors, orange, blue, red or green. The color scheme does not play any role. Some manufacturers, in addition to existing markings, apply stripes along the surface of the pipe:
- red stripe, scope of use - pipelines with hot water or coolant;
- blue stripe, products are used for cold water supply;
- two colors – the versatility of the highway.
This is what the standard marking on the product looks like.
Conclusion. Pipe laying and installation features
Having an idea of what components are best for the heating system, it’s worth saying a few words about the features of laying polypropylene lines and the specifics of pipeline installation.
Using calculations, you can get an idea of what length of pipes you should buy and in what quantities. Already in the process of laying the pipeline, the material is cut into fragments in accordance with the required dimensions. Consumables are cut using special scissors.
Important! Polypropylene channels are cut quite easily, from here we can draw a conclusion. Transportation and installation finished products must be carried out taking precautions. Any significant mechanical force may damage the integrity of the product.
Where is the probability high? mechanical damage pipeline, it is better to install metal fragments.
It is believed that polypropylene pipes are environmentally friendly and safe, so the location of the pipeline can be chosen in accordance with technological needs. However, before installation, it is better to have on hand calculated data on the coolant supply speed, pressure force and heating temperature. The calculated data should not exceed the permissible operating parameters for the selected brand of product. Otherwise, a technological inconsistency may occur, resulting in an emergency.
The installation of the pipeline is carried out taking into account the coefficient of thermal expansion, which for consumables with fiberglass is slightly greater (5-6%) than for products with an aluminum insert. The cut fragments are connected into a single line using the diffuse soldering method, using fittings, couplings, angles, tees and adapters for connections and branches. Reinforced pipes are soldered in the same way as conventional polypropylene products. The material is easy to combine with metal elements which have a threaded connection.
At the moment, the price-quality ratio of polypropylene pipeline products is the best among other consumables. Strength, reliability and durability make it quite easy, without much skill or effort, to install a heating system pipeline in a house.