Although modern market offers many other materials, the finished wooden gazebo has not yet lost its relevance. Such products fit succinctly into any landscape design. Build similar designs doing it yourself is relatively easy. Before you figure out how to make a gazebo with your own hands from wood step by step, you need to decide suitable option this country house building.
Types of wooden gazebos
The modern market offers many types of gazebos. The most popular are structures made from rounded logs. Material suitable for construction various options DIY wooden gazebos. This design is distinguished by its beautiful appearance and ease of execution.
Rounded timber is also convenient because it can be used to build a wooden gazebo without having the appropriate skills. Crown connections and other fastening points are prepared in production. And directly on the site, the product is assembled in the manner of a designer.
A gazebo made of solid wood is also suitable for building with your own hands. Such products are relatively easy to build. At the same time, in comparison with rounded timber, the array offers more design possibilities.
When making a garden gazebo with your own hands from wood step by step and alone, you need to decide in advance on the type of material and dimensions of the future structure. Large buildings are installed on a pre-prepared foundation. In particular, the latter is necessary if a gazebo is being built from rounded timber.
The roof of wooden gazebos is usually covered with:
- tree;
- slate;
- corrugated sheeting;
- ondulin;
- tiles and other roofing materials.
Additionally, if space allows, separate areas for grills, barbecues, and ovens, which require a chimney, are organized inside the gazebos. In closed structures they are often installed household appliances and other objects, turning the room into some kind of house or veranda.
When creating a beautiful wooden gazebo, decorative elements are used: carvings, contrasting toning, and more.
Options for summerhouses made of logs
Gazebos made from logs differ from each other:
- by type of material used;
- by form;
- By design features.
The most common is the rectangular (square) design. When selecting materials from which a structure is built, it is important to take into account that the structure is constantly exposed to negative impact external environment:
- sunlight;
- moisture;
- temperature changes.
Therefore, before building a gazebo from a log with your own hands, you need to purchase means to protect the material from rotting and fire.
By material
When making gazebos for summer cottages from timber, they use various materials. For the construction of supporting elements the following are most often used:
- larch;
- cedar;
- fir;
- pine.
When constructing structures from logs, pine support elements are more often used. This material withstands moisture and therefore does not rot for several years. But compared to other types of wood, pine is much cheaper.
To build a gazebo from 100x100 timber with your own hands, glued laminated material is suitable. The latter consists of several boards pressed together. And thanks to the fact that during the production process it is used adhesive composition, the result is a durable beam without cracks and crevices. Standard blanks are produced with the following cross-section:
- 100x100 mm;
- 150x150 mm.
Such timber is used for the construction of the base and frame. For strapping, rafters and logs, you can use material with a cross-section of 100x50 or 100x40 mm.
After completing the construction of laminated timber gazebos garden structure must be treated with moisture-proof material. The rounded wood is impregnated special compounds still in production.
By shape
Wooden gazebos come in the following forms:
- square (rectangular);
- round;
- 6- and 8-gonal;
- oval.
For small areas, square structures are suitable. It is recommended to build structures of a similar shape if you plan to build a closed gazebo from rounded logs.
6- and 8-sided wooden buildings have a beautiful appearance. In addition, due to their design features, such structures take up relatively little space.
Hexagonal gazebo By type of design
There are three types of gazebos:
- Open. They are structures without walls or windows. The opening of a wooden gazebo looks like a pavilion in which air circulates freely.
- Closed. Looks like small house made of wood with windows and doors. Often closed structures used as a summer kitchen.
- Semi-closed. Such wooden structures have 1-3 walls. Semi-closed structures are installed if there is a need to block the wind from entering the structure.
Regardless of the type of structure, if desired, summer cottage you can build a gazebo from a log with a barbecue or barbecue. If an open structure is planned, a separate chimney will not be required to organize this zone.
Features of building a wooden gazebo with your own hands
When building a garden wooden gazebo with your own hands, you need to take into account several nuances. The first thing you need to pay attention to is the foundation. If planned small gazebo made of wood, then they will serve as a base large logs with a layer of waterproofing.
You also need to take into account that wood shrinks over time. This process takes on average about 2-2.5 years. After shrinking, the tree often becomes covered with cracks. To avoid the occurrence of such defects, you must:
- use only high-quality wood;
- coat the material with a special compound.
If you plan to build a closed structure made of wood, it is important during the construction process to treat all logs every 3-3.5 years with compounds that prevent the formation of mold and mildew.
How to make a gazebo from a log with your own hands?
There are two ways to build a gazebo from a log. Construction methods differ according to the type of connection:
- "In the paw." This type of connection is considered more economical. Its disadvantage is that the wood fibers in the joints rot over time, as a result of which the structure becomes unusable.
- "Into the bowl." This type of installation is more attractive, as it is typical for old wooden buildings.
However, material consumption increases by about 15% compared to a “claw” connection.
The strength of the future structure does not depend on the type of connection. Basically, the choice between “in the paw” and “in the bowl” is determined by the aesthetic preferences of the owner of the gazebo and the budget allocated for construction.
Stages of constructing a wooden gazebo
The first stage of construction involves the selection of a suitable design for the future structure. The type and quantity of consumables depends on this.
Designing a gazebo
When designing a wooden gazebo with dimensions, you need to consider the following nuances:
- how the building combines with other buildings on the site;
- purpose of the gazebo (presence of an area for barbecue, tables, etc.);
- what time of year is it planned to use the gazebo (a closed version is suitable for winter).
It is equally important when designing to take into account the materials used in construction. The technology of construction from rounded timber differs from the methods of constructing a structure from logs or boards.
Selection of design and drawing of the gazebo
If you have no experience in constructing wooden buildings, it is recommended to choose a square or rectangular structure consisting of four pillars and a canopy. However, in this case, you should first make a drawing of the future structure.
To do this, you need to mark the area. This stage is necessary in order to determine the dimensions of the structure. When drawing up a drawing of a hexagonal wooden gazebo with dimensions, you need to display:
- cross-section of the structure;
- facade part;
- structural units.
If you plan to build closed building, you need to mark the ventilation holes on the drawing.
The design must also include the location and size window openings and doors and rafter sizes.
A project for the foundation, roof and ceilings is developed separately.
Construction stages
You can select next steps construction of a country house made of wood:
- selection of materials and tools;
- foundation installation;
- construction of the frame (installation of support pillars);
- roof installation;
- laying flooring.
Each stage of construction of the gazebo must correspond to the drawing.
Required tools and materials
Regardless of the type of future wooden building, you will need the following necessary tools:
- shovel;
- level;
- hammer;
- screwdriver (electric drill);
- saw of any type;
- axe;
- construction knife.
To construct the structure you also need the following materials:
- concrete mixture ( concrete blocks) or sand with cement;
- wood (timber, solid wood, logs);
- self-tapping screws;
- bitumen waterproofing;
- roofing material.
In addition to the specified tools and materials, it is necessary to purchase a special impregnation that prevents the appearance of fungus and mold on the surface of the wood. If rounded logs are used, such a tool will not be required. The material is processed during the production process.
Foundation
If the gazebo is small in size, then the lower beams are laid on concrete blocks laid in holes 40-45 mm deep. Larger structures will require a stronger foundation.
In the construction of wooden structures, two types of foundations are used: strip and monolithic slab.
The last base is considered the most durable. However, for filling monolithic slab a lot of concrete will be required, which significantly increases the overall cost of construction.
Installation of a strip foundation begins with digging a pit along the perimeter marked on the territory. A cement-sand cushion should be poured into the hole and filled with concrete mixture. It is necessary to arrange small ventilation holes in the foundation. After this, you can begin installing the frame.
Construction of the frame
As an example, we will consider the option of constructing a structure from rounded logs.
The tree is laid on a layer of waterproofing along the perimeter of the future gazebo in the sequence in which construction will take place.
An example of building a log gazebo in the Russian style:
At this and subsequent stages it is important to maintain the level of the logs. The next beam fits into the grooves. The logs are fixed using a dowel (a small round piece of wood). The length of the latter should be slightly less than the depth in advance drilled hole. This is necessary to ensure that the wood does not crack during shrinkage.
All subsequent beams are installed in this way. Each log must be laid around the entire perimeter.
At this stage, you can also make railings for the wooden gazebo being built. After erecting the frame, it is necessary to treat the wood with an antiseptic and seal the seams.
Frameless gazebos
When building frameless gazebos, the lower beams are first laid on a layer of waterproofing. Next to them using screws or metal corners supports are attached. The distance between adjacent pillars must exceed 40 cm.
The supports must be aligned vertically. After installation, the pillars are additionally fixed temporarily using jibs. In order for the future structure to be strong, the supports of the middle and top harness. The latter serves as the basis for the roof.
Gazebos with and without floors
If the gazebo is installed on a strip foundation or pillars, after laying the initial beams, you need to install the floor sheathing.
To do this, boards are fixed on the lower logs using special corners. Next, flooring material (usually boards or thick sheets of plywood) is laid and nailed on top of the sheathing.
Gazebos without a floor are a structure where a concrete slab serves as the base.
Construction of a gazebo roof
Before installing the roof frame future design It is recommended to collect on the ground. First you need to prepare the rafters. The latter are boards or timber (depending on the type of gazebo), which are mounted in pre-cut gaps at the base of the roof.
Work at this stage should be carried out in strict accordance with the drawing. The rafters must be installed at a distance of 40 cm or more, secured with metal plates or dowels (wooden pegs) to the base of the roof.
At the end, a sheathing is installed, which is covered with roofing material.
It is highly not recommended to build gazebos with a thatched roof. This material is highly flammable.
Conclusion
Wooden structures require regular maintenance. If an open structure is erected on the site, it must be covered with film for the winter, leaving ventilation holes.
Leaves should be removed from the building, otherwise the floor will quickly rot. In addition, it is important to promptly treat the wood with compounds that prevent the formation of fungus and fire in the building.
At the dacha, it is not customary to sit in the house when it is sunny and warm outside. Only during bad weather can a summer resident take refuge under a roof. However, you can resort to another option. You can stock up on great experiences outdoors if you build your own gazebo.
Such a building will become a decoration garden plot, as well as a place for pleasant communication with family and friends. There are many ready-made schemes for light gazebos. If you assemble the structure yourself, its cost will be 50% lower than that of a finished building. The simplest gazebo can be assembled with your own hands quickly enough. If you work slowly, it can be built in 2-3 days.
Materials and designs
Cheap and practical option– a gazebo made of wood. This material looks beautiful and is easy to process. If wooden elements are impregnated with special solutions, they can last quite a long time. In addition, the construction of a summerhouse will not take more than 3 days, even if you do the work slowly.
Another material that is used to construct such structures is metal. When making a frame from profile pipe and steel corners, the gazebo can last for many decades. You can build it yourself. The work is completed quickly enough, and the materials are quite cheap.
DIY gazebo
How to build a simple gazebo with a minimum of cost and effort? To build such a structure, you will need to create a frame and floor. If it is wooden, the base is made of beams. The flooring is made of planks. It is better to pour a concrete screed as a base. This foundation option will be simple and affordable. Before work, you need to choose the right location for installing the gazebo. The site for concreting should also be leveled.
Important! For a simple gazebo, you should not combine wooden and metal elements frame.
Practice has shown that even when wooden supports are protected with roofing felt or bitumen, when placed in concrete, the elements begin to rot. Subsequently, this can cause their destruction. For this reason, it is better to immediately exclude contact between wood and concrete.
For this purpose you should:
- Concrete round metal pipes.
- Then screw wooden posts to them. Metal rods should come out concrete base by 30 cm.
- Holes are made in them for fastenings.
A gazebo can stand on such supports for decades. Any roof can be mounted on the resulting supports. It is quite simple to build a wooden structure with your own hands.
For regular light gazebo no need to build brick fences. You can limit yourself to a simple fence made of eurolining. Its height usually does not exceed 90 cm. Such a fence is attached to longitudinal bars. A gazebo will help you hide from the scorching heat sun rays, and will also avoid strong winds blowing your back. The fencing for the walls of the structure is fixed to wooden supports using self-tapping screws.
Eurolining can be replaced cellular polycarbonate. This material looks great and does not overshadow the space of the gazebo. It is also easy to install. The material is not afraid of sudden changes in temperature and high humidity.
Roof
For the roof frame it is better to find 50x50 mm timber. It is necessary to create a frame from it, on which the sheathing will be installed, and then the roofing material. The frame is installed on the top frame. The roof is covered with the following materials:
- ondulin;
- metal tiles;
- slate.
When choosing optimal width It is worth calculating the roof in such a way that when installing the roofing covering you do not have to cut the sheets. To do this, you first need to measure the dimensions of the panels used, and then subtract the overlaps of the sheets over each other, which will be done during installation. The result obtained will be taken into account when calculating the length and width of the roof. It is also worth considering the side overhangs and end overlap. You can make a gazebo with your own hands quite quickly. The main thing is to choose the right materials, including for roofing.
For example, for slate with 8 waves in each panel, the length of the arbor is chosen as a multiple of 1 meter. The length of the slopes can be equal to 1.75 m. If several panels are laid along the slope, the estimated length of each of them is reduced by 15 cm - this is necessary to create an overlap.
When choosing the best option for roofing, you should Special attention give to polycarbonate.
Distinctive features of the material:
- It is an excellent option for the construction of lightweight structures.
- Fencing is also made from it.
- Polycarbonate is transparent plastic with a small mass.
- A metal profile is often used in combination with it.
Such gazebos are especially attractive and practical if they are located in the shade of trees. If there is a translucent roof and shade created by dense foliage, the atmosphere in the gazebo will be as comfortable as possible for relaxation.
Garden gazebos made of polycarbonate are simple and affordable. To create them, you need to have several tens of meters of steel angle, as well as polycarbonate panels and a steel strip. Also, before constructing such a structure, it is worth preparing planed boards, which will be needed for making benches and a table. The original photo of the gazebo can be seen below.
Manufacturing stages
To understand how to make a gazebo with your own hands, you should get acquainted with the main stages of the work. It's better to choose the simpler option. First you need to equip the foundation. The support posts of the gazebo are concreted in it. After this, they should be scalded with a 25x25 mm corner. After this, 2 corner belts are welded to the racks. One of them is placed in the middle of the supports. The second one should be placed on top - the roof will rest on it.
Polycarbonate sheets have the ability to bend perfectly. For this reason, they can be used to create an arched roof. For this purpose, it is necessary to weld steel strips, which have a width of 50 mm, to the racks. They are installed on support posts. And then holes are made in them to fix the polycarbonate. You can assemble a simple gazebo for your summer house with your own hands (as in the photo) quite quickly.
Also roof covering often made from tiles. For the base, OSB sheets should be prepared. The material does an excellent job of holding bitumen shingles on the roof. The thickness of such sheets can be 10-12 mm. It has fairly high strength and rigidity. That is why it does not have to assemble a spatial frame from wooden elements. You just need to firmly attach it to the harness.
Features of simple gazebos
A simple gazebo for a summer house does not have to be made with a frame frame. The foundation for it is concrete screed, which was reinforced with steel rods. You can put a barbecue on such a surface. The safety of this design is quite high, because concrete floor Hot coals are not scary. In the case of the winter option, it is better to equip the floor with planed boards, and sheathe the area around the grill steel sheets. This winter design looks simple and beautiful.
Inexpensive to construct and easy to install columnar foundation. In order not to overpay when building a gazebo for your dacha with your own hands, you can prepare red brick. To install the foundation, you need to dig holes for the support pillars and then lay them in brickwork, place the reinforcement and pour concrete. They are laid in the masonry anchor bolts 20 cm. There should be a thread at their free end.
Supports are placed on the pillars. It is better to make the frame from 50x100 mm timber. If you put antiseptic boards on it, you can get an excellent heated floor. Subsequently, the gazebo can be equipped with an open fireplace. With this decoration, you can relax comfortably in the room even during severe frosts.
To figure out how to build a gazebo, you should get acquainted with the main features of simple structures, as well as learn more about popular materials. You should also understand the sequence of construction of simple gazebos.
Conclusion
As you can see, build simple design you can do it yourself without resorting to help professional builders. First perform exact drawing, and then everything is carried out in accordance with it necessary work. It is important to consider the capacity of the gazebo, its location and materials. In order to avoid mistakes during the work process, it is worth performing the correct calculations.
At your country house or local area Is there enough space for small architectural structures? Then use it for the construction of an open gazebo, where summer time you can have a snack and relax in the shade or celebrate an important event. If you do not have such experience, then for manufacturing it is better to take available materials from wood - beams, boards and logs; erecting walls of stone or brick is a more difficult task. But first you need to figure out how to build a wooden gazebo with your own hands, which is discussed in this article.
Selecting a gazebo project
The first stage is choosing a design suitable for your dacha. If everything is calculated correctly from the very beginning, then you won’t have to redo anything later, which means the construction will be inexpensive. To do this, you need to answer the following questions:
- How much area are you willing to allocate to make a gazebo? Sketch detailed plan plot and indicate on it not only the future structure, but also other planned and existing objects - a garden, a vegetable garden, an outdoor barbecue and even a children's swing. This will help determine the exact location of the building and its dimensions.
- How many guests and residents of the house will be in the gazebo at the same time?
- What should be the design and decor of the new building, including the interior?
- What materials are available and how much more will need to be purchased.
Note. The dimensions of the open pavilion depend on the planned number of vacationers. To freely accommodate 2-3 people, a room of 2 x 2 m is enough (including a table and benches), and for 10 guests you will need a platform of 4 x 4 m.
Homeowners without experience construction work rectangular or rectangular design is recommended square shape, this is the simplest and cheap option. Hexagonal and octagonal gazebos look much more beautiful, but they are also more difficult to build. The same applies to round structures, where during the assembly process it is necessary to provide for smooth turns of the walls. An example of an original DIY gazebo is shown in the photo:
The main difficulty in the construction of hexagonal and round structures is the installation of the roof. A budget option with a single slope or gable roof, how the square pavilions overlap. You will have to make a hipped roof in the form of a tent or dome, shown in the photo below, and this complicates the task.
Reference. Landscape design uses unusual architectural forms, having no roof at all. These are pergolas - canopies covered on top with grapes and other climbing plants. The roof covering in such gazebos is a sheathing made of boards or timber, which is subsequently entwined with vines.
This is what a pergola looks like - a gazebo without a solid roof
As for building materials, it is better for beginners to build their first gazebo from wood - boards, timber, OSB boards. People with experience can take on the metal gazebo with a polycarbonate roof shown in the picture. But you need to understand that metal, in particular pipes and profiles, will cost more than timber.
The interior design of the gazebo is left to your discretion. But the arrangement of furniture and various fixtures needs to be thought out in advance so that there is enough space. The minimum set is a table and benches for vacationers; how to arrange them is shown in the photo. A stove with a barbecue grill, a fireplace and various furniture, for example, wicker chairs and cabinets.
How to make a simple gazebo
We present a rectangular structure measuring 2.2 x 3 m, assembled from boards using only two tools - a screwdriver and an electric jigsaw. To build a wooden gazebo shown in the diagram, you will need:
- board 150 x 40 mm – approximately 1 m³;
- sheets of ondulin or corrugated sheets – 10 pcs.;
- ridge shaped elements – 5 pcs.;
- galvanized self-tapping screw 4.2 x 75 mm – 450 pcs.
The idea behind this building is to apply the technique rapid construction frame houses, when all the walls are assembled on the ground, and then placed in a vertical position and connected to each other. Due to this, you can make a gazebo literally in one day, as shown in the video at the end of the section. Next, we will look at the work in stages, starting with the construction of the foundation.
Preparing the base
Before you build a simple garden gazebo for your dacha, you need to clear the area, remove all interfering objects from it and level the ground. Since the structure is very light, the ground settlement under its weight will be minimal. Here, the columnar foundation will rather serve as an anchor so that the structure does not move from its place due to strong gusts of wind.
Note. The video below shows that the master does not make a foundation for his structure at all, but only lays concrete tiles.
Scheme of a cinder block base
To install a columnar foundation, use the following step-by-step instructions:
- Mark the area and locate the 4 corner posts. Dig holes at the designated points for brick pillars measuring 380 x 380 mm. The depth of mini-pits is 0.7-0.8 m.
- Compact the bottom of the holes and pour a sand cushion 10-15 cm thick. Prepare 4-5 buckets of M150 concrete and lay it on the sand to form a platform.
- After hardening concrete mixture lay out the columns with a cross-section of one and a half bricks. Cinder blocks laid in pairs with a bandage are also suitable.
- Cover the walls of the pillars with bitumen, then fill the remaining gaps with soil. Place waterproofing made of 2 layers of roofing material on top of the foundations.
For subsequent fastening wooden frame Iron rods are inserted vertically inside the posts. There is another way - installing beams on anchor bolts. Base of this type also suitable for building a pavilion on an iron frame welded from round and profile pipes.
Important point. If you plan to lay a stove and bricks inside the gazebo, then a separate foundation is needed for it. How to build it correctly is described in.
Construction of walls and roofs
In short, your task is to twist the 2 end walls, install them in a vertical position and connect them with beams. Step by step it looks like this:
- Make frames end walls, as shown in the photo. For corner posts, use 2 boards, between which the bottom crossbar and rafters are attached with self-tapping screws. For rigidity, screw a small jumper between the boards that form the roof ridge.
- Install the frames in the designed position and secure with supports. Connect them together with boards from below and above.
- Cut out puberty and secure it in the middle of the building between two boards connecting the gables.
- At a height of 0.8-0.9 m, attach railings that will serve as additional rigidity. Tie them with vertical posts to the bottom board of the roof sheathing.
- Finally form the roof frame from longitudinally laid boards. Lay ondulin or corrugated sheet on top and screw the ridge elements.
Advice. No need to repeat inclined structure walls, as the master does in the photo. For simplicity, make gables with vertical posts, and then proceed in the same order.
Before assembling the frame, do not forget to soak all the wood with an antiseptic compound and let it dry. This operation is mandatory if you want to extend the life of the structure. Priming and painting will be done upon completion of construction.
Floor installation and decoration
In this design, floors are laid very simply: you need to lay boards on 3 existing joists, aligned along one edge. Then screw them with self-tapping screws to the joists and cut off the ends sticking out on the other side. Leave a gap of about 1 mm between the floorboards so that they do not rub against each other or creak.
Advice. Before laying the floors, attach vertical posts to the central joist; they will serve as supports for future benches.
When the floors are ready, it is worth making stationary benches from the same boards along the side walls. To do this, you need to install short racks in the corners (the middle one is already there) and connect them with crossbars. The role of the backrests will be played by the horizontal jumpers mounted earlier.
To design the resulting gazebo, you can give full rein to your imagination. Instead of unsightly ondulin, you can put reed mats on the roof and decorate the side openings decorative grilles. It wouldn’t hurt to light the gazebo inside and paint it the desired color or cover the wood with several layers of varnish.
Construction process on video
Construction of a hexagonal gazebo
Building an arbor with six corners is somewhat more difficult, although the order of work remains the same. The following materials are usually used for construction:
- timber 15 x 15 cm - on horizontal beams;
- timber 10 x 10 cm for racks;
- board 10 x 5 cm is used for roofing.
Foundation drawing with laid beams
To begin, draw a sketch of the future structure on the site plan - regular hexagon. Enter it into the area allocated for construction and determine the location of the center of the structure. Now you can start marking the yard.
Since hexagonal garden gazebos differ in shape, marking the site will take more time. To mark the installation points of the foundation pillars and vertical racks gazebos, find the center of the structure and drive a peg into the ground, referring to the drawing. Then tie a rope to it whose length is half external size pavilion, and attach a stick to the end. You will get an improvised compass with which you will draw a circle on the ground. By dividing it into 6 equal segments, you will determine the position of the supports.
- Lay out columnar foundations at the designated points, as described in the previous section.
- Having placed roofing material on the foundation columns, attach beams made of timber to them, connected to each other in half a tree. In the middle, install 3 intermediate logs (can be made of round timber) for laying the floors.
- Place 6 vertical posts and fix them to the beams at the corners. Connect the upper ends of the supports with boards and install railings, thereby strengthening the frame of the gazebo.
- Collect rafter system. The base should be a hexagonal element hewn out of wood, adjacent to it are rafters extending from each corner and the middle of the face (shown in the photo). Make the sheathing and lay the roofing from the selected material.
- Lay the floors and finish the walls.
Note. The rafter system does not have to be assembled locally, at a height. The structure can be put together on the ground, and then lifted with helpers and attached to the posts.
Construction of the rafter system
If desired, you can make a large hexagonal gazebo winter Garden. To do this, you will need to glaze all openings and provide for the installation of a stove with a chimney. The procedure for conducting construction work is shown in detail in the video:
Graduated from Eastern Ukrainian National University them. Vladimir Dal with a degree in Electronics Industry Equipment in 2011.
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B a bed is an indispensable attribute of a private house, a country cottage, or just a dwelling that has a separate land plot. It will protect from the rays of the sun, rain and other unfavorable weather conditions. Under the roof of the gazebo it is always comfortable to spend time with friends or sit down with your family during an evening tea party. However, not everyone knows how to make a gazebo with your own hands from wood step by step. Let's look at the rules for constructing a gazebo: what to make it from, what materials are needed, and, finally, the stages of its installation.
Wooden gazebo
Wooden gazebo: what are the advantages?
Today there are many materials from which you can make a gazebo. The most common of them are metal and wood. In this article we will look at how to make gazebos with your own hands from wood step by step. Why made of wood? Because this material has a lot of advantages:
- easy to install, since wood is a relatively light material;
- Wood is environmentally friendly pure material, so it cannot cause harm to the environment;
- Wood is enough durable material: It is immune to ultraviolet rays. To prevent the wood from rotting from exposure to moisture, it should be covered with clear varnish for wood;
- Wood goes well with stone, concrete, metal and other materials. In terms of decor, it is universal;
- Wood carving is also popular now. Exquisite relief designs will become a unique decor for the gazebo.
- Iron or wooden pegs - pegs - will be needed to mark the area where the gazebo will be installed. Also, for convenience, a fishing line is used, which is pulled between pegs installed along the intended edges of the structure;
- Auxiliary materials: saw, plane, nails of different sizes, etc.
Quantity necessary materials depends on the size of the planned gazebo.
Stages of constructing a wooden gazebo
Selection of design and drawing of the gazebo
Before construction begins, you need to decide what kind of gazebo you want. Here the flight of imagination is unlimited. Designs can be rectangular, hexagonal, round, square, etc. Having decided on the shape, you need to set the dimensions of the future building.
Below is a plan for the construction of an octagonal wooden gazebo. This design is very convenient because inside the gazebo it will be comfortable and convenient: it can easily accommodate up to 12 people. Its area may vary depending on the location and your desires. The height of the gazebo is 2.5 meters.
Construction stages
Marking
The site selected for construction is cleared, and in accordance with the above dimensions, iron pegs are installed in the corners. The fishing line is pulled at the corners. Mark the location where the entrance will be located.
Foundation preparation
According to the markings, he digs holes, at the bottom of each of them we make sandy base. It is highly advisable to compact the sand before laying the foundation to avoid excessive settlement. We place concrete blocks or bricks at the bottom, fill it with gravel, compact it and fill it back with soil. All blocks must be set strictly according to level.
Instead of blocks, you can make formwork in each hole and pour cement mortar.
Base structure
After the foundation is ready, we install wooden base according to the drawing. There are two ways to do this. The first method: we set up a base of wooden blocks using internal jumpers, sew up the floor and only after that we set up wooden posts, securing them to the floor with nails and metal plates.
The second method involves setting wooden racks directly on each foundation pillar between the foundation lintels.
The beams are fastened using metal corners.
To ensure the reliability of the structure, at the stage of constructing the foundation, you can place a metal rod in each post, onto which the base of a wooden post will be inserted.
Installation of harness
Next, along the edges of the gazebo (except for the place where the entrance to the structure is planned), we install the trim from wooden beam, made in the form of some kind of pattern. We fix the beams with nails and screws. We leave the entry point open.
Roof structure
Now we are equipping the roof of the gazebo. If you want to make a roof with an oblique slope, install 8 rafters on supporting pillars, connect them with a horizontal cross member. The result will be a structure in the shape of the letter “A”. If you prefer a lean-to wooden gazebo with your own hands, step by step, then we arrange one continuous rafter on the pillars.
We lay the roof, and only after that we lay the tiles on its surface.
To understand how to make a wooden gazebo with your own hands step by step, a drawing is simply necessary. Having calculated and planned the entire structure from the very beginning, the installation process will be easy and fun.
A country house has been built, but the site has not yet been developed? It's time to think about a place to relax. Where is it nice to relax and in summer heat, and in the pouring rain? Of course, in a gazebo that we built with our own hands. In a wooden building it is cozy and comfortable to read a book with a cup of tea, celebrate holidays with your family or with a group of friends. You're probably already interested, right? In the article you will find up-to-date information on building a wooden gazebo with your own hands.
Wooden gazebo, its advantages and disadvantages
Before you start construction, search for drawings and select a place for a gazebo, you need to carefully study the properties of the material. The advantages of wood are as follows:
- Weight. Allows you to facilitate the installation of the structure and save money on the construction of the foundation.
- Environmental friendliness. Tree - safe material, in such a gazebo they eat, relax with children and spend a lot of time.
- Ease of processing. Complex design solutions implemented by people with minimal construction skills.
- Price. The cost of a gazebo made of coniferous wood, oak or birch is low compared to metal structures, and is available to everyone.
- Harmony. The building is in harmony with 90% landscape designs due to its naturalness.
Harmonious and beautiful, will fit into any site design
Alas, no material can do without its shortcomings.
- Low fire resistance. To avoid fires, it is not recommended to install near the gazebo stationary barbecues, it is necessary to treat the material with special impregnation during construction.
- Moisture intolerance. A permanent source of water nearby (river, lake, artificial fountain) leads to rotting of the structure. This is prevented by applying waterproofing agents to the parts.
Getting ready to build a gazebo: project drawings, optimal dimensions
The choice fell on an easy-to-build rectangular gazebo. For this type of structure there are two roof options: gable or hipped. We decided to make the roof of the first design, since it is easier for beginners.
- The base of the gazebo is a square with a side of 2 meters 10 cm.
- The length of the support posts is 2 meters.
- The distance from the base of the roof to its top is 66.5 cm.
- The middle harness is performed at a height of 70 cm from the floor.
Project of a gazebo with opaque cladding up to the level of the middle frame. For such a construction, it is recommended to install stationary jibs to strengthen the structure, the length of which does not exceed 15 cm.
In one of the sides of the gazebo there is an opening for entry and exit. It is performed in the middle, the distances from the corner posts are 60 cm. The width of the opening is 80.9 cm (including additional beams).
Dimensions 2x2 meters with entrance opening
The length of the rafters is 1.99 meters. When making a protruding roof, the area that the gazebo will occupy will be 2.5 x 2.5 m2. This should be taken into account when subsequently decorating the area around the building.
These dimensions are optimal for a structure in which a family relaxes on the territory of a country house. Of course, you can adjust the height of the gazebo or the area of its base if it is planned for large-scale celebrations and events.
Choosing the material (wood, logs, beams, etc.), tips. Calculation of the required quantity
When choosing a material for making a gazebo, attention is paid to the type of wood and construction method.
Most often, the building is erected from the following rocks:
- Pine: rot resistance and mechanical strength. Disadvantage - it is easily affected by wood-staining fungi.
- Spruce: hygroscopic and less susceptible to bacteria.
- Larch: 30% stronger than pine and more resistant to moisture. Disadvantage - difficult to process; durable, but easy to crack.
As for the construction method, there are 3 types.
There are 2 types of boards from which it is convenient to make wooden structures:
The board is tongue-and-groove, it will be easy to attach
The board is recommended to be used by craftsmen who erect buildings with one hand, since it will not be needed for installation additional help due to the weight of the material.
- racks - 27 meters of timber or 54 lm of board,
- rafters - 10 linear meters of boards,
- top trim - 8 lm of board,
- floor covering - 40 linear meters of boards,
- railings (middle railing) - 8 lm of board,
- roof - 8 square meters (roofing felt or tiles).
List of tools for construction
Before starting work, prepare the following tools:
- saws - circular and for cutting at an angle,
- electric plane,
- chisel,
- hammer,
- jigsaw,
- carpentry workbench,
- tape measure and building level,
- ladder,
- drill and bits.
Construction of a wooden structure step by step
Laying the foundation: is it necessary and how to make it?
Before starting work, you need to prepare a drawing yourself or find it on the Internet
A common mistake when constructing buildings near bodies of water is an incorrectly selected foundation. You should also consider the possibility close occurrence groundwater and specifics wooden buildings, we advise building it not monolithic, but columnar. This type will allow the gazebo to gain additional stability and save time.
Following the instructions, the process of laying the foundation will be quick and uncomplicated.
Marking scheme for the foundation
To begin, mark out the area for construction according to the drawing. Install stakes around the perimeter of the gazebo and tie them with thick thread.
Preparatory work
After this, check that the supports are installed correctly by measuring the diagonals (distances between opposite corners). They must be equal.
Perhaps, the best option for a small gazebo
The next step is to dig holes for the supporting pillars. Depth - 40 cm, width - pole diameter + 15–20 cm. For our gazebo, four supports are quite enough, but if you are planning a gazebo with an area of 6 square meters or more, it is advisable to make an additional hole in the center. This will help prevent the floorboards from sagging.
Before installing the posts, treat them with an antiseptic material (tar or bitumen).
Then insert the supports into the holes and backfill. It is better to do this using large crushed stone or crushed old brick. Compact the material and check the verticality of the pillars with a building level.
The final stage. Prepare concrete mortar and fill the holes. Before further work it should take two or three days, depending on air humidity. The pillars can be decorated separately with bricks. This will improve the appearance of the foundation and further protect it.
Construction work on making a gazebo for your dacha with your own hands
The construction of a gazebo begins with the installation of the base.
Place the pre-prepared beam horizontally, at a distance of 10 cm from the ground, and secure it with self-tapping screws to the support pillars (column foundation). It is necessary to carry out this work carefully, since the stability of the structure and service life depend on the quality of the foundation.
Reliable fastening with metal corners
A small indentation from the ground will ensure good ventilation. IN wooden gazebo the floor made from the same material looks great. In the manufactured base we install logs for a durable floor frame. The distance between two adjacent supports is at least 40 cm.
There are two options for fastening:
- screwing in screws at the joint;
- tied with metal corners.
The next step is to lay the floor boards over the sheathing. They need to be nailed with a small gap of 1–2 mm for better ventilation. Each element is screwed with two screws on each side. If you decide to use nails, you need to drill holes for them in advance, this is necessary so that the board does not crack.
Laying the floor in the structure
All wooden parts treat with waterproofing material if you are using regular board, and not terraced (it does not require treatment).
Next - install load-bearing supports. Place the pre-prepared beam strictly vertically on the supporting supports. Check with a building level and strengthen with jibs. To strengthen the structure, perform a middle strapping. To do this, take a board prepared in advance, mark and cut out the necessary parts according to the drawing. Then use self-tapping screws to secure the base to the beams.
Upper harness ties support pillars and is the basis for the roof. Screw the prepared boards with self-tapping screws and secure with metal corners for greater strength.
Top and middle trim
We install the railings, make cuts in the risers, as shown in the photo, and secure them using corners. Under them we fix the sheathing for exterior finishing, retreating from the edge by the width of the covering material, plus 1–2 cm.
It is impossible to imagine a gazebo without railings
To give the future gazebo stability, you can do this part of the work from timber. Cuts are made from the end and connected, securing it with two nails, as shown in the photo below.
The length of the cut is equal to the width of the beam
For the roof you will need to assemble a rafter system. It consists of triangles for roofing material.
With such cuts in the rafters the roof will be much more reliable
In the rafter boards, using a pre-prepared template, cut out a gap for the timber (board) of the strapping at a distance of 30–40 cm.
Detailed drawing of the gazebo roof
Assemble the template very carefully, checking and trying it on several times. A roof with an overhang will give you the opportunity to relax in the gazebo in rainy weather and not get wet. Fasten three boards metal corner. The finished triangles are raised to the height of the roof and nailed obliquely with long nails or fastened with metal corners. To ensure the stability of the roof during installation, it must be supported in the center. This can be done with timber; after finishing the work it is removed. After installing each part, check the horizontal and vertical using a building level.
The inner ends of the rafters are fixed to the central headstock in the same way as in the photo.
Internal headstock for securing rafters
Internal headstock, bottom view
If you decide to use four boards on the roof instead of eight, then you can secure them in another way. The two main ones are connected to each other using self-tapping screws, and the remaining ones are attached to them.
Fastening a four-rafter system
All triangles need to be covered OSB boards 6–8 mm thick, strictly cutting them according to the drawings.
Before you start laying the roofing material, nail one horizontal board at each end of the roof, in the picture under the letter A, on the sides. This point should not be forgotten, as it will protect you from slanting rain, and the ends of the board from moisture.
This board will protect both you and the building itself from raindrops
Additionally, you can install drips, then no rain can wet you and your gazebo.
Drip caps will reliably protect the edges of the gazebo from any downpour
Selected material ( bitumen shingles or roofing felt) lay with an overlap for better insulation from moisture. Laying should be done from the drip side, gradually moving towards the base. Protect the connections of the roof triangles from precipitation with pieces of the remaining roofing material.
Fix the bitumen shingles with special nails in a certain place on the roofing sheet
To decorate the gazebo, between the railings and the top trim, make a sheathing of 30x40 mm bars. Cut the ends at an angle of 45 degrees, and sand the elements to a smooth (without burrs) surface. Then use long nails to nail the ends to the middle trim and to the base of the roof. Arrange the pieces crosswise.
On sunny days there will always be partial shade inside the gazebo
The tighter you want the “windows”, the more often you need to install the bars.
Finishing: what to cover, whether and how to paint
If you want to preserve the naturalness of the material, then the maximum that should be done at the final stage of finishing is to coat the surfaces with varnish. If you want to show your Creative skills, then you can paint the gazebo in your own way unique design. For this wooden surfaces you need to treat it with a primer, wait until it dries and start painting. To make the color more saturated, you can apply 2 layers.
- The first finishing option is to install balusters. It all depends on your imagination, there are many options on sale, choose the one you like and go ahead with the tools. You can also order them to size and secure them in the frame of the gazebo. This is done using screws and simple movements with a screwdriver.
For every taste, for every design idea
- Another variant interior decoration- lining. This material is a board with a double-sided connection for covering rooms. This connection allows you to carefully match the elements one to one. This material is most often chosen due to its low cost, ease of installation and thermal insulation properties. Also, the lining will give your gazebo a natural look.
You can also combine finishing - lining + balusters
- The interior decoration is made from pine boards. This option has a low price compared to oak, cedar or larch. A variety of colors will help you choose boards that best suit your landscape design.
Mounting occurs horizontally or vertical way. The first visually stretches the gazebo in width, the second - in height.
For finishing you will need nails, a screwdriver, a hammer, a drill, a hammer drill and a hacksaw.
- At the first stage, treat all material with an antiseptic to prevent rotting and the appearance of fungi and other microorganisms. After drying, apply a fire retardant and wait a day.
- The next stage is the installation of the lining on the sheathing, which was carried out at the previous stage. The first boards must be fastened, starting from one of the corners of the gazebo, as carefully as possible, since the entire further process depends on them. Secure them to the sheathing using special clamps (pictured), driving in small nails. Install the following panels as close to each other as possible, but leaving a gap of about 1–2 mm, so that when humidity increases, the material does not begin to bulge when the boards swell. Check the installation of each part according to the construction level.
It’s easy to attach the paneling using these devices.
- The last stage is varnishing. This is done for waterproofing and improving appearance.
Photo: types, options for finished structures
Simple, ventilated design with hipped roof 
Option for a gazebo with a barbecue inside it: functional and convenient 
Russian folk style may not suit every area 
A simple composition of logs with lathing 
Almost completely closed option. Here you can escape from the scorching sun 
The most difficult to implement design with windows 
The simplest "hut"
A self-made gazebo will become a place for your family to relax. Properly selected materials will increase the service life of the building; it will delight you both in summer and winter.