Elastic adhesive for tiles on plywood: why it is needed and how to use it. Is it possible to lay tiles on plywood How to properly lay tiles on a plywood floor

If you are thinking about what base to choose as a subfloor for tiles, it is preferable to choose plywood. This is because this material helps to cope with the task of leveling uneven floors in the shortest possible time. Before laying tiles on plywood, you should know a few rules for carrying out the work.

Features of choice

Some craftsmen try to avoid using plywood as a base for tiles, because... They consider it not strong enough and resistant to various influences, as opposed to a concrete screed. You should prefer plywood only because it is easier and faster to install than screed. In addition, the plywood does not have to be further prepared after installation.

However, when choosing this material, you should take into account that the following rules, on which the quality of tile laying work depends. When purchasing a substrate, you should take into account that the plywood must be moisture-resistant; it can be veneered plywood. In order to strengthen it to the surface, glue should be used and mechanical method fastenings in the form of self-tapping screws.

The plywood must be laid in such a way that there is a groove between adjacent sheets, the width of which is equal to the limit of 2 to 4 mm.

As for the cost of plywood, it is determined by many factors, including the dimensions of the sheet and the type of material. If you are not pursuing the goal of saving money, then you can purchase 2nd grade material, but for those who want to cost more budget option, may prefer combined option– 2/3 grade. Sheets belonging to the 3rd grade will also become an inexpensive solution.

Laying tiles on plywood in rooms that need insulation should be covered with an additional heat insulator.

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Tools and materials

rubber spatula;
sealant;
mallet;
plastic crosses;
notched spatula;
self-tapping screws;
glue;
building level;
tile;
primer.

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Surface preparation

The tiles should be laid on the plywood surface using a special glue. It is first necessary to clean the base from dirt and dust after the old one has been removed. finishing coat. The surface must be free of cracks. In addition, it is necessary to seal the joints between the floor and walls using cement mortar.

Using a building level, beacons should be installed indoors. As alternative solution You can draw a line around the perimeter of the room that will determine zero level for laying plywood.

Tools for laying tiles: a spatula, usually a rubber hammer, a tile cutter and others.

A notched trowel will allow you to apply adhesive to the floor, which can be spread over the surface where you intend to place one sheet of plywood. Before placing plywood on the floor, it should be cleaned and degreased. Once the sheet is laid on the surface, you can tap it with a mallet and move it from side to side, this will allow the glue to better adhere to the base.

If temperature regime in the room remains stable and does not change much, then a gap width of 1-2 mm will be sufficient.

Then you can form several holes in the sheet to reinforce it with dowels and screws. The surface of the plywood after installation should be sanded and cleaned of dust. The next layer will be a primer, which must be applied in 2-3 layers, which will be determined by the quality of the material used.

If the tiles are to be laid in a room in which wood is laid as a subfloor under the plywood, it is necessary to treat it antiseptics. This will prevent the formation of fungi, mold and harmful insects under the floor. If necessary, level the floor under the plywood, you can use bars, which should be mounted on steel adjustable fasteners.

Laying tiles on plywood using glue that contains a hardener should be done without delay and in a planned manner, as it dries quite quickly.

Before laying the tiles, you should make sure that the plywood base is strong enough; this is a material whose thickness is equal to the limit of 2-3 cm; only such a surface will become a reliable base. For leveling, it is permissible to use several types of plywood, but the minimum thickness of the substrate is 18 mm.

The tiles can be laid on plywood mounted in 2 layers, this will allow you to get more quality foundation and will eliminate the possibility of tile peeling. In this case, the plywood sheets should be glued together. The base must be allowed to dry for 5 hours between coats of primer. Laying plywood followed by tiling in the bathroom should be accompanied by treating the surface with a waterproofing agent, which should be done before applying the primer.

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Laying technology

You should start laying tiles on plywood starting from the second row from the far wall of the room. The reason for installing tiles in this way is that the first row adjacent to the wall, as a rule, needs adjustment, which involves trimming the tiles due to uneven walls.

Tiles should be laid on plywood after first applying glue to the floor surface.

Laying tiles: 1 – wooden planks; 2 – gaskets; 3 – second row.

The next tile should be laid using plastic crosses placed at the corners of the tile.

The glue should be prepared in small portions, as it dries quickly; the mixture prepared at one time should be enough for 1-2 hours, during which time the tiles can be laid on 1-1.5 m2 of surface. The tiles should be laid taking into account the horizontality check, during which a level should be used, the length of which is 1 m or more, this will allow more accurate data to be obtained.

After you have succeeded in laying the tiles, you should leave them for 1-2 days, only after which you can start grouting the joints. To do this, it will be necessary to use a rubber spatula, a rag and ready grout. It would be more convenient to use a sponge instead of a rag. When laying tiles on plywood, you should get rid of excess glue during the work.

Quite often in the bathroom, a heated floor system is installed under the surface. In this case, before laying the tiles, you should choose the right glue, which should not be elastic; in all other cases, use glue mixture with such characteristics it is advisable. In addition, heated floors can only be laid in tandem with a concrete screed.

The width of the seams, as a rule, ranges from 2 to 3 mm, but in the bathroom when laying tiles this figure can be increased to 5 mm, since temperature and humidity changes are frequent there.

You can prepare the glue using a special mixer, which allows you to obtain greater homogeneity of the mass. It is necessary to install tiles simultaneously on a small area, which can be limited to 1 m2. The tile must take its final position no later than 20 minutes after applying the adhesive, since this period is sufficient for the composition to set. During this period, the tile can be adjusted by lightly tapping it.

Despite the fact that plywood allows you to prepare the surface for further work in a fairly short time, it acts as a problematic material for laying tiles, so the adhesive must be designed for this. Glue for ceramics is suitable, but the manufacturer must take into account the possibility of using it for mounting the material on plywood. In addition to conventional ceramic compounds, two-component polyurethane adhesives can be used. This will avoid the need to use a primer. However, waterproofing must still be applied to the surface of the plywood, which is especially true for bathrooms.

In bathrooms and in any other rooms, after laying the tiles, grouting should be done; this process can begin 5 days after installing the tiles. A rubber spatula will allow you to easily apply grout to the seams. After half an hour, excess material can be removed by wiping the tile surface with a sponge.

Sooner or later, every master asks the question of how to lay tiles; in bathrooms this finishing method is used most often; you can begin to gain skills in this matter from just such an oversized room.

Plywood is a wonderful building material, almost ideal for covering large, leveled areas. , in turn, has established itself in the role quality material for finishing. Is it possible to combine them? It is possible, and even necessary.

Many experts have already tried the method of laying tiles on plywood using special elastic adhesives

Usually the tiles are laid on top of a concrete screed; this skillful “tandem” is not prone to deformation. Wood and plywood, unfortunately, do not have this property. Therefore, today, beginners in the renovation business are increasingly faced with the question of how to lay tiles on plywood.

Basic provisions

Tile laying methods

When laying a tile covering, it is important to comply with and comply with the mandatory requirements, first of all, to know what types of bases can be combined with a particular building material. Often, tiles are laid on concrete, but experienced craftsmen are already moving away from conservative repair methods and successfully combining tiles with plywood.

Due to the fact that tiles do not tolerate uneven bases, and with the help of cement you can easily level any surface, it still prevails today concrete screed. However, the visible disadvantages cannot be avoided here: the base fabric has to be waterproofed and primed.
Some people practice laying on old tile. Experts call this blasphemy; not a single technology contains a description of such a procedure, but those who want to make repairs on their own without making any effort special effort, continue to experiment. How long does this finish last? Bye old layer the tile will not crack or crumble, taking with it all the memories of the new finish into oblivion.
As an option, the tiles are laid on top of wood, but it is still more efficient to lay them on a plywood base.

Where is it preferable to lay slabs on plywood?

First of all, in wooden houses, with frame structure. It can be used for both floor and wall coverings.

Of course, you will have to put in a lot of effort, but the end result is worth it.

Tile laying technology

Preparing the foundation

According to the requirements, the thickness of the tile base cannot be less than 22–28 mm. If joists are used, the piece of plywood must be at least 30 mm thick. A lower value will not provide the necessary rigidity, which means the tile will vibrate and crack.

The surface under the tiles must be perfectly flat

As a rule, it is cut into 4 equal parts, each of which is attached to the floor (wall) in a checkerboard pattern. Plywood can cover not only wooden joists, but also parquet and boards.

Builders do not advise saving on self-tapping screws; a sufficient number of them will significantly reduce vibration. Before laying plywood, the surface is additionally checked with a horizontal level.

Marking for laying tiles using an electronic level

Next, the plywood is carefully sanded and cleaned using a vacuum cleaner or a slightly moistened household sponge. For greater leveling, plywood sheets are coated with several layers of primer; the previous one must dry before applying the next layer. If done in the bathroom, a product or specially prepared solution is used to treat the plywood to provide waterproofing. For work, it is better to purchase moisture-resistant material.

Glue the tiles

In order for the process to take a minimum amount of time, you should have at hand Building tools and materials:

ceramic tile;
two-component adhesive with a good degree of elasticity;
anchor;
plywood sheets;
soil mixture;
grout;
measuring device;
a piece of chalk for basting;
soft cloth or sponge.

Now let's start laying the tiles

First measure floor surface and apply the markings. Decide on the middle most long wall room and draw a line at a 90 degree angle that will connect two opposite walls. Carry out the same actions in relation to the remaining walls. The resulting lines are a guide for an even finish.

You need to lay tiles on plywood from the second row, the very first one is cut to the required size and applied when the rest of the tiles have already been laid.

The glue is distributed over a spatula used when working with a plywood base. The tile is carefully placed on top and slightly immersed inside by pressing with the palms. The horizontalness is immediately measured. If errors are detected, the tile finish is tapped with a hammer made of rubber until the level shows the desired result.

Using a ribbed spatula, apply the solution to an area 1.5 times larger than the tile.

After laying several tiles, insert crosses into the seams between the material, which can be purchased in advance at a hardware store. The size of the seam is determined by the rule: the more tiles required for finishing, the greater the thickness of the seams.

The undoubted advantage of gluing is the quick drying of the surface - only a few hours. After which the seams are treated with white grout, which provides protection against liquid penetration onto the main coating. Laying tiles on plywood always ends with dry rubbing of the finish.

Conclusion

As you can see, laying tiles on a plywood base is not that difficult. By following the basic tips and recommendations, even a person who is far from repair and construction work can cope with this.

Situations arise in which it is necessary to lay tiles on plywood. This process is necessary when replacing flooring or adding walls. physical characteristics base coat made of plywood differ significantly from the concrete base. Therefore, the laying of tiles will be different.

Advantages and disadvantages of the procedure for installing a tiled covering on plywood

Beginners are wondering: is it possible to lay tiles on plywood? For experienced specialists this is not challenging task. But the procedure as a whole is relatively complex and intricate. The tiling technique is the same, but there are differences in the preparatory stage.

Laying tiles on plywood covering has the following advantages:

speed of work;
low mass characteristics of the base, which is well suited for wooden houses on foundations with low strength parameters;
no need to perform labor-intensive and expensive work on the installation of a concrete or cement-sand base for the coating;
It is possible to lay tiles on plywood floors in rooms with wet operating conditions (baths, toilets).

Despite positive sides plywood flooring under tile covering, you need to take into account its disadvantages:

You cannot install a “warm” floor system on a plywood base;
there is a need for additional waterproofing measures for rooms with high humidity conditions;
The thickness of the plywood sheet must be at least 22 mm.

Preparing the surface for a plywood base

Before laying plywood, you need to perform the following preparatory measures:

remove old finishing putty from the surface;
clean the base from debris and dust;
seal cracks and joints between the floor and walls using cement-sand mortar;
in the case of a rough wooden floor, additional antiseptic measures must be taken;
install the necessary beacons using a building level.

You can replace the level with a line drawn on the wall along the entire perimeter of the room. It will indicate the level at which the plywood sheets should be laid.

Preparing the base for plywood flooring

Fastening plywood onto joists with a thickness of 30 mm. With this value of the thickness of the base, the required rigidity is ensured, at which the mounted tile cannot crack or vibrate.

To eliminate stress on a single sheet of plywood, it is divided into several parts. They are then fixed to plank floor or a checkerboard lag system. If it is necessary to lay the substrate on the joists, the gaps between them should be within 30–40 cm.

When laying plywood flooring, there is no need to limit the number of screws, since their more frequent spacing minimizes the deflection of the plywood and reduces its vibration. The screws must be screwed in so that their heads are recessed into the plywood. This should be done to prepare the base for floor and wall tiling.

During the installation of a plywood base, you need to regularly check its horizontalness using a building level.

Situations often arise when it is necessary to use plywood with a smaller thickness. What to do in this case? Use thin material It is possible, but in several layers. You need to lay out the squares so that the seams of the bottom layer do not coincide with the top ones. To obtain the required hardness of the plywood base, the sheets are fastened together and secured with self-tapping screws.

The process of laying plywood base

The base slabs must be placed with certain gaps between each other and distances from the walls:

the gap between the sheets must be at least 5 mm;
distance from the edge of the plywood to the walls - 10 mm;
The gaps then foam.

Before laying tiles on a plywood base, it must be leveled with a sander and cleared of debris.

The sanded surface becomes dust free, because laying tiles on plywood without preliminary preparation practically impossible. This procedure is performed using a vacuum cleaner, damp rag or sponge.

Then additional protection measures are taken and plywood base(padding):

the primer should be applied in two layers;
in the case of premises operated in conditions of high humidity, the slab must be moisture resistant;
but before attaching the tiles to plywood on the floor or walls, the base is still subject to additional waterproofing measures;
In this case, a special composition is used as a waterproofing material.

After the primer or special waterproofing composition has completely dried, the preparation stage of the plywood base is considered complete. Next, the stage of installing tiles on plywood begins.

Installation tiles on plywood

How to lay tiles on plywood? This is possible by following the following procedure:

mark the base;
prepare the adhesive composition;
lay in even rows using special delimiters.

Marking

It is necessary to apply the required markings to the surface of the plywood. It is performed in accordance with the previously selected pattern (in a checkerboard pattern or diagonally).

With a conventional arrangement, the position of the first and next row should be noted. This is necessary so that after completion of the work it is possible to carefully trim the rows to make connections directly to the walls. Laying should be done from the far wall to the entrance to the room, this will make it possible not to walk on previously laid tiles.

Preparation of the adhesive composition

A special glue is used for the work; surface preparation usually does not cause problems.

The glue is prepared in small volumes, but sufficient for the installation of one square meter surfaces. The composition is applied directly to the prepared plywood surface, it is permissible thin layer, because the strength of the future cladding depends on this. The tile is pressed against the base and holds for several seconds.

To ensure accurate laying of tiles, you need to constantly check the evenness of each row using a level and use a rubber hammer to adjust the installation. Such measures are necessary to ensure that the tile covering is even.

Panel laying process

When laying tiles, it is best to use special dividing crosses, with the help of which the thickness of the seams is adjusted.

The tiles laid using these tools have an aesthetic appearance and are easy to use and maintain.

The result of work done correctly should please you throughout for long years operation of the coating. The question of how to lay tiles on plywood is not difficult if you follow simple rules tiling devices.

Plywood is quite often used when making a variety of finishing works. With its help, ceilings, floors and interior partitions. The versatility of the material has made it very popular.

Plywood is a universal finishing material that is mainly used for leveling surfaces.

And in order for all work to be completed on top level, you need to understand the features of working with this material, in particular, know how to lay tiles on plywood yourself.

Possible problems

Before you understand the procedure for laying tiles on plywood, you need to study the problems that may arise during the work.

Firstly, veneered plywood can delaminate, so it is best to use adhesives that will not penetrate deeply into the material.

Secondly, if you are laying tiles on the partition large area, keep in mind that plywood is quite flexible material and under heavy loads it can deform. Everything must be done so that the tile does not come off when deflected or accidentally hit. Therefore, the most optimal composition for gluing tiles to plywood is elastic adhesives. However, other compositions can be used. Check out brief description each of them and choose the most suitable option.

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Material selection

Simple tile adhesive for gluing tiles to plywood will not work. The moisture contained in it will cause the surface of the material to swell and accidental deflection or impact will cause the tile to peel off. There are several options to solve this problem.

First of all, you can use drywall as an intermediate coating. You need to do the following:

Cut drywall into required pieces.
Attach it to the frame using self-tapping screws or directly through the plywood.
Place the tiles on drywall using regular tile adhesive.

However, this technique has its drawbacks. First, the cutting plasterboard sheets– the operation is quite dusty. Secondly, to work with tile adhesive certain skills are required. In addition, this technique is not suitable for the kitchen and cases with small boxes.

When looking for a solution for gluing tiles to plywood, one should not forget about such a thing as liquid nails. This is a thick, all-purpose adhesive that can be used to lay tiles on plywood. It must be applied in several points in the center and in the corners, or in a continuous line along the perimeter of the tile. While the composition is setting, the tile must be fixed. For grouting, compositions based on epoxy based. You should avoid using cement ones, because... When the plywood vibrates, such putties quickly crumble.

When choosing a composition for gluing tiles to plywood, one cannot help but pay attention to silicone sealant. It allows you to ensure exceptionally reliable adhesion of the tiles to the surface, and minor bends and vibrations of the panels will not lead to the tiles coming off. Transparent silicone is suitable for grouting. Such a partition will look very presentable. If you plan to use this method in the bathroom or kitchen, then before using liquid nails and sealants, it is necessary to treat the plywood with drying oil and prime it with a hydrophobic primer.

In order to prepare an adhesive composition for tiles, you will need acetone and polystyrene foam.

Silicone sealant and liquid nails are excellent, but quite expensive compounds. If you are on a tight budget, you can use the following method. You need to take polystyrene foam and acetone. The foam is crumbled, poured into a plastic container and filled with a certain amount of acetone. The resulting mass must be applied to plywood or tiles using an ordinary spoon or wooden stick.

Polyurethane foam can also be used as glue. You just need to apply a certain amount of material to the back of the tile and press the tile tightly against the plywood. About increasing the volume polyurethane foam you don't have to worry. Due to the fact that the tiles are laid without gaps, this effect will be absent.

There are also alternative substances. For example, you can use acrylic tile adhesive. It costs less than liquid nails, and if applied in a continuous layer, it is in no way inferior to them in strength. Instead of acrylic tile adhesive, you can use acrylic putty.

If you are working with fairly thick plywood, you can use PVA. However, it is important that the plywood has properties that would allow it not to deform if wet.

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Preparation Guide

Plywood must be laid in a double layer. This will reduce the risk of the tiles peeling off or lying unevenly. It is recommended to use plywood with a thickness of 22-28 mm. It is better if it is glued in 2 layers: this will increase the strength of the structure as a whole. The plywood must be secured as tightly as possible to the base to minimize the likelihood of deformation.

Before laying tiles, the plywood must be cleaned and primed.

After this, you need to prepare the base for the tiles. The plywood is carefully sanded and cleaned. It should be as smooth as possible. A smooth, flat surface is primed in 2 layers. The next layer can be applied only after the previous one has completely dried. If the tiles will be laid in the bathroom, then before priming the base must be treated with a waterproofing material.

Prepare tools and materials for work:

Plywood. It is best to use sheets 2.5-3 cm thick.
Primer.
Waterproofing film.
Self-tapping screws.
Elastic glue.
Crosses for seams.
Spatulas.
Building level.

During renovation, there is always a choice in favor of one option or another. Mostly, repairs are carried out independently as funds become available. Since it can be difficult for a non-professional repairman to calculate the consequences of one or another choice, some situations arise where it is necessary to combine different, previously incompatible types of coatings. For example, wood and tiles, ceramic tiles on plywood. Seemingly incompatible materials, but modern Construction Materials allow you to “combine incompatible things.”

How to lay tiles on plywood?

This option is most preferable for frame, wooden houses. Since this design is light in weight, if there is a wooden floor or good joists, the boards over the joists are laid quickly and with minimal costs, and the walls are also leveled.

Concerning ceramic tiles, how finishing material, it is very popular for both walls and floors. Ideally, the tiles are laid on a screed, but if laying it is not possible, then plywood and tiles are a suitable option.

Professional tilers have been laying tiles on plywood for a long time. Such work is very painstaking and time-consuming. But they are not much different from laying tiles on other substrates. The differences mainly come down to the preparation of the base.

Features of the base

The plywood base must be no less than 22 mm or 28 mm (according to European standard). If the base is laid out on logs, then the thickness of the plywood sheet is from 30 mm. This thickness ensures the rigidity of the base and prevents the tiles from vibrating and cracking.

Read useful material on what to do when tiles crack:

Installation and strengthening of plywood flooring

To relieve the stress of a solid plywood sheet, cut it into four squares and screw it to the joists or wooden floor in a checkerboard pattern. Plywood can be attached to plank or parquet floors. When attaching plywood sheets to joists, their pitch should be from 30 to 40 cm.

Important. When strengthening plywood sheets, you do not need to skimp on screws: the more often they are strengthened, the less the sheet will sag, which minimizes its vibration.

This fastening will prevent the tiles from cracking and will preserve it flooring for a long time.

Read more: Waterproofing the floor in wooden house: what material to choose?

When laying plywood, you need to check its horizontal position building level.

If you have sheets of smaller thickness, you can cover the floor with them according to the scheme presented above. To give required thickness another layer of plywood is laid on top. Laying occurs so that the seams of the top layer do not coincide with the seams of the bottom layer. To give additional hardness, plywood sheets are glued together, and upper layer additionally screwed with self-tapping screws.

Important. Since plywood changes with temperature fluctuations or changes in humidity, the sheets are fixed at a certain distance from each other and from the walls. The distance between the sheets is 0.5 cm, from the walls - 1 cm (the distance can be foamed or covered with a plinth).

Before laying tiles on plywood, the surface must be thoroughly cleaned and leveled. Grinding is usually used for these purposes.

Remember that when attaching plywood, the heads of the screws need to be recessed a little so that they do not interfere with sanding the surface.

After sanding, the surface must be thoroughly cleaned, first with a vacuum cleaner, then with a damp cloth or sponge. Then the surface is primed (preferably at least 2 layers). This will provide waterproofing and is additional protection for the wooden base.

For rooms with high humidity(kitchen, bathroom or bathroom) use moisture-resistant plywood under the tiles. Tiles on plywood in the bathroom are laid after an additional layer of waterproofing (for both walls and floors). For waterproofing, a ready-made liquid or powder waterproofing mixture is used.

Preparatory work After the primer or waterproofing has dried, you can begin laying ceramic tiles on the plywood.

How to stick tiles?

For laying tiles on plywood, as it does not have flexibility, it will cause further damage to the tiles due to the movement of the wood.

How then to glue the tiles to the plywood?

For these purposes, two-component or silicone adhesives, adhesives for moving bases, and parquet adhesives based on modified silane ( universal adhesives Before buying, you need to check on what substrates it glues). They provide good adhesion and joint mobility. In addition, this glue is an additional waterproofing layer.

Features of gluing

Tile adhesive for plywood is applied to small areas, 1-4 tiles in size, but not more than 1 m² (due to the fact that the glue dries very quickly) with a notched trowel, which will evenly distribute the glue over the wooden base.

The first tile on the plywood is carefully laid on the glue, it is lightly pressed, and the horizontal position of its laying is checked using a building level. If there are small deviations, then tap on the tile rubber mallet(with a hammer) and check the level again.

The second tile is laid next to the first one, and so on. Special crosses or pegs are inserted into the seams between them, which regulate the thickness of the seam.

Advice. The thickness of the seam depends on the size of the tiles that are laid on the plywood. The larger the tiles, the wider the joint, but not more than 0.5 cm.

Then lay out the third and fourth tiles and align them with the first two and the floor. In this way, fill the entire space of the walls or floor with whole tiles, and after they dry, lay out the cut pieces.

Read more: Wooden floor in the country house - we do it ourselves

The advantage of glue for wooden bases is that it dries very quickly. After a few hours, you can safely walk on the floor and carry out further work.

Important. During installation, any protruding adhesive must be removed from the surface immediately so that it does not leave a dark stain.

The process of laying tiles on plywood

After the floor has dried, the seams need to be processed (before starting work, you need to remove all the crosses or pegs from the seams).

They are treated with grout designed for these purposes. It may be slightly lighter or darker than the overall color of the tile, or traditional white.

It is applied rubber spatula movements directed perpendicular to the seams (for more complete filling of the seams). Grout is optional protective layer, which prevents moisture from entering the base. , they are given time to dry.

After this, the tiles are thoroughly washed with a cloth. You need to wash it carefully so as not to wash out the fresh grout from the joints and with a light cloth so as not to paint them. Then all the tiles laid on the plywood are rubbed with a dry cloth or sponge. This completes the installation work.

You can see this process in more detail in the video below. We recommend that you read it (it’s short).

If it is difficult for you to do this work yourself, then you can delegate them to a high-quality repair team. All you need to do is leave a request in the form at the bottom right of our website.