Foreword
Whether it is flowers on the windowsill or in the garden, you always want to see them blooming and beautiful, but hated pests or improper care can play a trick on them and lead to the development of hydrangea disease. To avoid negative consequences prevention should be carried out, and in case of infection, know how to deal with it correctly.
This amazing flower has a large "family" of subspecies, each of which differs in the shape of inflorescences, color palette, figured leaves and abundant flowering. The main color of the hydrangea is white. However, there are also varieties that have a fairly large gamut of colors. These include flowers large-leaved hydrangea. They can be pink, blue, red and lilac (can be seen in the photo). Moreover, their color directly depends on the acidity of the soil.
beautiful geranium in the garden
In an acidic environment, the petals become blue in color, in an alkaline environment - pink or lilac, and in a neutral environment - light beige, almost white. Hydrangea also belongs to those amazing plants, which are able to accumulate aluminum in themselves, due to which the flowers acquire a rich blue hue. The name of the plant is given in honor of the sister of the Prince of the Holy Roman Empire - Hortense. And its botanical name is hydrangea. Translated from Greek, it means "vessel of water." And this is not surprising, because the plant loves moisture so much.
Infectious diseases, the causative agents of which are pests and bacteria, are not the only source of infection and death of hydrangeas. Many do not even think that poor-quality seedlings can become the root of the problem. Therefore, the purchase of seedlings should be treated with particular care, purchasing them from trusted suppliers. However, even in the case of buying healthy seedlings, insufficient care for them can lead to yellowness, the so-called chlorosis. The plant's metabolism is disturbed, the leaves of the hydrangea become light yellow, the veins darken.
Signs of yellowing leaves
The main causes of yellowing leaves can be the following factors:
- Large accumulation of moisture. Even though hydrangea loves moisture, too much of it can be destructive.
- Decreased acidity of the soil. In addition to moisture, the plant prefers an acidic environment. If such an environment is absent, then when watering, you can slightly acidify the water with citric acid.
- Direct exposure to sunlight. Like many plants, hydrangea does not tolerate aggressive ultra-violet rays. Therefore, semi-shaded areas will be ideal.
- a lack of mineral fertilizers. Absence in the soil necessary feeding can also negatively affect the condition of the aerial parts of plants and lead to yellowness.
- Excess humus and lime in the soil. There must be a measure in everything.
As a preventive measure for the development of chlorosis, regularly fertilize hydrangeas with iron-containing substances, and also use soft water for irrigation, having previously settled it for several days. Optimal soil an environment with a pH level of 6-4 is considered. At home, it can be determined using litmus paper. When in contact with a humid environment, the paper turns yellow, which means that the soil is not acidic enough. Blue colour indicates neutral soil, green-blue indicates absolutely neutral soil. If signs of disease appear, spray the plant with a chelated form of iron, chemicals Ferovit and Antichlorosis. And also do not forget to feed the soil, making a solution - 4 g per liter of water citric acid and 3 g iron sulphate. Moreover, they can spray fading leaves or water the soil.
In addition to yellowness, another problem of a non-infectious nature may arise - the withering of the plant, in which the leaves can dry and fall off in parallel. The reason may be drought, insufficient watering of hydrangeas and overdried air. In particular, these factors affect the large-leaved hydrangea, in which even with sufficient moisture, inflorescences can wither. To prevent infection room hydrangea regularly ventilate the room and watch for intensive watering, especially on a hot, dry summer day. And when growing garden hydrangea don't forget to plant tall annual plant to reduce the exposure of the plant to intense solar radiation.
Despite the fact that garden hydrangeas are rarely exposed to fungal infections, however, you need to know the enemies in person. If you are still overtaken by a similar problem, then your first lifeline will be the treatment of the flower with copper chloride, which is rightfully considered one of the most effective means from fungal diseases.
gray mold on leaves
White rot. The main lesion of an adult plant is the root system. As a result, the hydrangea ceases to receive required amount nutrients, it acquires a brown shade uncharacteristic for this plant and begins to gradually die off. The defeat of a young hydrangea begins with the darkening of the shoots, which over time are also covered with a white coating, similar in appearance to small accumulations of cotton wool, and rot. If the disease progresses, sclerotia develop on the white plaque - black blotches. Even after removing the plant from the soil, the causative agent of white rot remains in the ground along with the remnants of the hydrangea. Therefore, the soil this case need to be changed or steamed. Treatment of room hydrangea should be carried out with the help of fungicides, among which the drug showed high efficiency. Phytosporin.
Gray rot. This is a more dangerous and difficult to treat disease (shown in the photo). Its main features are wateriness and softness of plant tissues, with a characteristic gray bloom in the form of a gun on the affected areas. If the weather is dry enough, then the dead tissue begins to dry out, and holes form in its place. The first thing treatment begins with is the removal of dead parts. Among fungicides for indoor hydrangea, it performs well Fast, Chistotsvet, Fundazol. For garden large-leaved hydrangea, the drug is best suited Rovral Flo 255 SC. Spraying is carried out with an interval of 2 weeks - 3 times. Among the more affordable means are spraying with solutions with soap and copper. Other methods of fighting in the garden can be found in the article.
Downy mildew. Due to the fact that powdery mildew, like hydrangea, loves high humidity, its occurrence is not surprising. signs of this fungal disease- dark spots on stems and leaves, oily to the touch. Plant treatment is carried out with a soap-copper solution, at the rate of 15 g blue vitriol and 150 g of soap per bucket of water. True powdery mildew appears as yellow-green spots on the leaves, which later become darker, acquiring a brown tint with a clear outline. Moreover, this color is noticeable on the upper leaves, which cannot be said about the lower ones. They turn purple and silvery coating. If you do not start treatment, the leaves will eventually begin to deform and fall off.
The fight is carried out by spraying with fungicides Fitosporin-M and Alirin-B, and in advanced cases Cumulus, Topaz, Thiovit Jet, Chistotsvet, Skor.
Septoria. Characterized by the appearance of small brown spots irregular shape, which eventually merge into one pattern. As a result, the leaves of the garden hydrangea dry up and die. In order to prevent the further spread of the disease, the affected leaves are cut off, and the sections are treated with preparations containing copper - copper sulphate, copper oxychloride, Bordeaux mixture. Rust is easily recognized by the rusty color of the leaves. It develops mainly due to an excess of nitrogen in the soil. In the fight against the disease, copper oxychloride, as well as fungicides, helps well. Topaz and Falcon.
Ring spot is recognized as one of the most common viral diseases. It manifests itself in the form of blurry spots with a diameter of up to about 2 cm, round shape(as in the photo), which significantly deform the leaves of the plant. Gradually, they begin to wrinkle, become asymmetric and die off.
Signs of ring spot
If the disease has severely affected the plant, then in addition it loses the ability to lay new buds. And if this ability is preserved, the flowers of the large-leaved hydrangea turn out to be small and weakened. This disease is especially active on adult hydrangeas. Unfortunately, there is no panacea for ring spot. From now on, pay more attention to the quality of seedlings, which can be the main source of infection.
In addition to fungal and viral diseases, pests cause significant damage to room and garden hydrangeas.
If you grow hydrangeas in the garden, then be prepared for a possible attack by an ordinary or grape snail. These mollusks especially like the aerial parts of the hydrangea (young shoots, leaves, buds). The main location of snails are dark areas of gardens with high humidity. Mollusks apply their destructive power in the spring after the winter thaw. They get out of the ground and begin to feed on the succulent shoots of the plant, filled with fresh cell sap. In addition to the mechanical destruction of these pests, insecticide treatment can also be used against them. Metaldehyde or Thunderstorm. Moreover, for the best effect, it is recommended not to add them to the soil, but to pour them into plastic cups and arrange around the plant.
Country snail - the enemy of flowers
Spider mite. If small yellow spots, smoothly merging into a marble pattern, attack the leaves of your favorite room hydrangea, then you can be sure that this is the work of hands spider mite(in the photo). If you do not take action, such leaves will dry out and fall off. And in the event of a large-scale infection on the hydrangea, you can see the web where its creators are hiding. On the initial stage to cope with the spider mite will help the usual treatment of the plant with soap or mineral oil. In more advanced cases, use insecticides - Akarin, Vermitek, Fitoverm, Thiophos, Lightning.
Aphid. She can settle on both room and large-leaved garden hydrangeas. The main mechanism of its detrimental effect is the sucking out of the cell sap of the plant and the deposition of sugary secretions, which can subsequently cause the development of soot fungus. Remember, aphids are a dangerous carrier of the virus, provoking yellowness and death of the upper part of the plant in case of severe infection. At the initial stage, it is easy to deal with aphids; it is enough to treat the hydrangea leaves with soapy water. But in more advanced cases, you will need the help of insecticides - Commander, Fitoverma, Aktara, Tobacco dust, Akarina, Antilina.
Gall nematode. Microscopic pests that cause significant damage to the root system, forming round swellings on the roots, are called galls (they can be seen in the photo). As the infection progresses, the roots begin to rot and gradually die off. Thus, nutrients cease to flow to the plant, and it completely dies. It is recommended to fight the pest on a garden scale by spraying with an insecticide. BI-58. Home pest control is more gentle, and a solution can be used for it. Buck Ecogel. It is desirable to treat the soil with the same solution before planting seeds, as a preventive measure.
In the process of growth, hydrangea is often exposed to negative impact diseases and pests. The gardener needs to know the signs, causes and methods for eliminating leaf bronze, powdery mildew, gray rot, phyllostictosis, spider mites, aphids and many others in order to prevent plant death in time.
Diseases
Leaf bronze is a viral disease in which small holes appear on the surface of the leaves. The leaf tissue is partially discolored, the leaves lose their elasticity, wrinkle, fall off. Cannot be cured, affected plants are destroyed. For prevention, measures are being taken to combat thrips, which are carriers of the bronze virus.
powdery mildew
Powdery mildew is a rapidly spreading fungal disease. At the initial stage, it appears as a white powdery coating on the leaves, similar to flour or chalk. Then the plaque spreads to the whole plant, dark spots form on the leaves. These are ulcers that arise from the fact that the mycelium penetrates the tissues of the plant and begins to feed on its juices. If the disease is not stopped quickly, the plant may die. Fungicides are used to control the disease.
Gray rot
Gray rot is a fungal disease that affects most garden and garden plants. The spread of the disease is facilitated by high humidity combined with cool weather.
Hydrangeas are more prone to fungal diseases than other garden plants because they love moisture. And moisture contributes to the spread of pathogenic fungi. Therefore, it is better not to wait for the onset of symptoms of the disease, but to take preventive measures- spray with fungicides in the spring, as soon as the leaves bloom.
It manifests itself in the form of brown, rapidly growing spots on the leaves and stems of hydrangeas. In wet weather, voluminous gray formations appear on the spots - mycelium and spores of the fungus. When signs of disease appear, the affected parts of the plant are removed. Bushes are sprayed with copper-containing preparations (for example, Bordeaux mixture) or fungicides.
Septoria leaf spot is a fungal disease that develops when high humidity air. Initially, it appears as small dark spots on the leaves, then the spots increase in size, they have a reddish edging. Subsequently, the leaves die off. To combat the disease, copper-containing preparations and fungicides are used.
Phyllostictosis
Phyllosticosis (brown spot) is a fungal disease that spreads through soil, water, and wind from a diseased plant to a healthy one. In affected plants, round spots with a brown-brown center appear on the leaf plates. Then the leaf tissues are torn, holes appear. Plants lose their decorative effect, with a strong defeat they can die. When the first symptoms appear, the affected leaves must be removed. Plants are sprayed with fungicides. It must be borne in mind that the spread of brown spot is promoted by high humidity.
Pests
The spider mite is a small sucking pest. Spider mite colonies live first on bottom side leaves, then spread throughout the plant. They feed on the juices of the plant, leading to its weakening. The first signs of a tick are numerous light dots on the leaves. Then a thin gray web begins to appear. With a slight lesion, the leaves are wiped with soapy water or mineral oil, with a strong one they are treated with insecticides.
Aphid
Aphids are sucking pests that settle on the foliage and young shoots of a plant in whole colonies. Aphids pierce the integument of the plant and feed on its juices, gradually depleting. Due to numerous punctures, the leaves begin to curl and curl - this is one of the signs of aphids infestation. With a weak lesion, it can be washed off with a soapy solution. In case of strong, it is necessary to treat with insecticides (Aktellik, Decis, Biotlin, Iskra, etc.)
Shields and false shields - large group sucking pests, which includes many species. Most garden plants are affected. Insects are medium-sized, but visible to the naked eye, appear as whitish or golden-brown bumps on the stems and the back of the foliage. Pests suck cell sap from leaves and young shoots, leading to their depletion and deformation. With a slight lesion, you can wipe the affected leaves with a cotton swab dipped in kerosene. In case of severe damage, they are treated with insecticides.
The simplest remedy for sucking pests is a solution of laundry soap. Soap is finely cut, poured warm water and stir until dissolved. Then the pest colonies are sprayed with this solution.
A lush hydrangea bush can decorate any country cottage area or a window sill, but all this beauty can sometimes be greatly spoiled by diseases. At the garden and indoor flower diseases practically do not differ, so below we will study in detail how to cure hydrangea, regardless of its type and planting site.
How to cure chlorosis
Hydrangea garden can be affected by many diseases, and one of the most ferocious is chlorosis. Due to this disease, the leaves of the plant become pale or turn yellow, while the veins on them become very dark. If you do not pay attention to these symptoms in time, over time the plant will lose its beauty, since all these signs are evidence of malnutrition, in particular iron deficiency.
Therefore, wherever you plant hydrangea, regularly feed it with special fertilizers containing iron elements. Water the flower should be soft water collected during the rain. Also, avoid planting garden hydrangeas in lime-enriched soil, and try to minimize the use of humus to feed them.
But if the disease has already manifested itself, it is recommended to spray hydrangea bushes with one of the following drugs: 
- Iron Chelate;
- Antichlorosis;
- Ferovit;
- Ferrilene;
- Micro Fe;
- Brexil.
Gray rot: methods of struggle
Gray rot is no less dangerous for hydrangeas, since its affected stems and flowers become very soft, watery, which eventually leads to their death. In this case, lesions can appear on leaves and stems as dots, which in hot weather dry out and fall asleep, leaving behind unsightly holes. If the weather is damp, then the disease will spread rapidly, and “gray wool” will also form over the affected areas.
It is very difficult to get rid of gray rot on garden hydrangea, since this disease is inherent in almost everyone. garden plants, and hydrangea can be re-infected. Nevertheless, if you regularly remove and burn all disease-affected areas and spray the flower with the preparations "Skor", "Chistotsvet" or "Fundazol", then soon all the symptoms will surely disappear.
Did you know? Another name for hydrangea is hydrangia. It arose due to the fact that this flower is very fond of abundant watering.
Flower cancer: how to treat the disease
This disease began to occur in the flowerbeds of hydrangea fans not so long ago, since the European flower cancer arrived at our dachas along with imported varieties. Despite this, cancer is quite a danger to hydrangeas and is manifested by brown spots, under which ulcers form on the stems. The longer you ignore this disease, the more it will progress - the sores will deepen, the stems will begin to die off first in places, and then completely. The result is one - the hydrangea can completely dry out.
There can be many reasons for the defeat of bushes with cancer: infected planting material, weak top dressing, due to areas damaged by hail, with too dense planting of bushes. To cope with cancer, it is necessary to apply a whole range of measures:
- At the first sign of illness, try to remove all affected areas on the flower and burn them.
- If the cancer also appears on the roots, the bush must be completely removed and burned.
- Provide flowers with all the necessary mineral and organic elements, which will increase the resistance of hydrangeas to different kind diseases.
When yellow-green spots appear on hydrangea leaves, which become darker and clearer over time, you should prepare to fight such a disease as powdery mildew because all these signs are its symptoms. It is clear that such leaves will not be able to remain on the stems for a long time and will soon begin to fall off.
If powdery mildew fungus will infect young hydrangea shoots, they are deformed and will not be able to develop enough to survive next winter. At the initial stages of the development of the disease, hydrangea bushes are recommended to be sprayed with fungicides, which are represented by Alirin-B and Fitosporin-M preparations.
In the event that powdery mildew has conquered most of the plant, spraying with such preparations will help save the flower:
- Pureflower;
- Thiovit Jet;
- Speed;
- Topaz;
- Strobe;
- Cumulus.
Important! In no case do not touch the hydrangea inflorescences (for example, to remove flowers that have already withered). Such interference can severely damage the plant, as a result of which unblown inflorescences may not open.
Leaf Warping: How to Cure Ring Spot
Ringspot, which leads to deformation of the leaves of the plant, is the most common viral disease this flower. The disease develops gradually: at first, small lesions in the form of spots with fuzzy contours of the ring appear on the leaves of the hydrangea, then they dry them out and make them deform, making them asymmetrical.
When a flower is severely affected by ring spot, it may not even bloom, or the bloom will be very weak. Unfortunately, it is impossible to get rid of this disease. The only measure that will help you prevent it is to carefully select seedlings for your flower bed.
stem nematode
Among the diseases of room hydrangea, as well as its garden relative, there is also a stem nematode. The nematode is a very small worm that develops especially intensively in a humid environment, affecting not only the stems, but also the roots of the plant, as well as their leaves. Under the influence of nematodes, the normal development of the plant stops, over time it may die.
If your hydrangea is also struck by stem nematodes, it is recommended to destroy the plant, since it is almost impossible to deal with them, but they can very quickly move to other plants, including cultivated ones. The fact is that nematodes can spread both with the soil, and through pots, and even with drops of water that drain from the plant after watering, and by using equipment during processing.
Important! The crown of garden hydrangea lends itself perfectly to formation. To do this, you just need to regularly trim the tops of its young shoots. Spherical bushes look especially attractive.
This is a fungal disease that is often found on hydrangeas. It is very difficult to cope with it, since its pathogens - sclerotia - are able to maintain their vital activity in plant residues forgotten on the ground after harvesting.
This type of rot first acts on root system hydrangeas, causing it to rot and stop the supply of nutrients to the stems of the flower, which eventually turns brown and dries completely. At the same time, if the disease has affected young stems, they will not only begin to wither and turn brown, but rot will also begin to progress on them, on top of which a cotton-like coating will form. white color. It is impossible to allow the formation of this plaque, since sclerotia will form under it, which can completely infect your entire flower garden.
Thus, hydrangea affected by white sclerocial rot should be removed immediately from the flower bed, thereby stopping the development of the disease.
For fungal infection and its manifestation on hydrangea leaves, the edges of the leaves are rusty in color and dry to the touch. Moreover, they do not rust evenly, as when a plant wilts or dries up, if we introduce an insufficient amount of water, and the localization is chaotic. 
The fungus begins to appear especially actively on the leaves in summer period when air humidity and warm conditions, heat in every possible way dispose to the active reproduction of fungi. There can be a huge number of types of fungal infections, and it will take a long time to list everything, but, fortunately, all fungi are killed with the same solution, so it's better to focus on the treatment process.
Only fungicidal preparations cope with a fungal infection. Can be purchased already ready solutions in specialized stores, you can mix it yourself in certain proportions at home - in any case, periodically rubbing or spraying hydrangea leaves with this solution will lead to one hundred percent removal of fungi, healing the plant.
By fungicides we mean drugs such as boric solution, farmiodom and others. It is necessary that the hydrangea undergo a specialized course of treatment, at least two weeks, and then give it a little time to restore its strength. An excellent move would be a control treatment in a few weeks with any growth stimulant. Gardeners are often advised to pay attention to Zircon, because it complements the function of fungicides and perfectly heals the plant. Hydrangea throughout the entire period of the lesion must be looked after very carefully. Think about how much water and in what period to bring, how to feed, so that it does not hurt her even more. The first weeks when the plant is treated with fungicides, it is worth refraining from using fertilizers and pruning - these procedures provoke the reproduction of a fungal infection and negatively affect the general condition of the hydrangea during the illness.
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Like any other plants, hydrangeas are prone to disease and pest reproduction, although this happens extremely rarely. Sometimes flower growers notice that the leaves of the plant have turned yellow, aphids, a fungus, or a viral infection have appeared. All the main diseases of garden hydrangea can be divided into two main groups according to the nature of their origin:
- fungal;
- viral.
- soil contamination with pathogenic microorganisms;
- improper plant care;
- excessively high humidity air and frequent temperature changes;
- lack of nutrients.
The main diseases of hydrangeas and their treatment
Chlorosis
Most often hydrangeas. With this disease, they turn yellow and fall off, dryness and brittleness of the branches appear, and a gradual grinding of the inflorescences is also noted. The disease is caused by a metabolic disorder, which usually occurs with a lack of iron. Plants planted on soils with a significant amount of lime are more susceptible to chlorosis. An excess of humus in the soil also leads to chlorosis. The development of chlorosis can also be caused by watering the plant with cold and not settled water, excessive use of organic fertilizers. Chlorosis should not be ignored, since this disease can lead to a complete loss of an attractive plant appearance. Moreover, the hydrangea may even stop blooming. Control measures: At the first signs of the disease, the plant must be treated with a solution of potassium nitrate for 3 weeks: 40 g is diluted in 10 liters of water. After this course of treatment for several days, the plant should be treated with a solution of iron sulfate in the same concentration. To prevent the development of chlorosis, hydrangeas should be periodically fed with fertilizers containing iron.
Gray rot
Gray rot is a fungal disease that can cause the death of hydrangeas. Rot affects the entire plant - leaves, stem, buds and even flower stalks. When tissues are affected by this fungus, their structure becomes soft and watery. A sign of the disease is the appearance of wet spots with a gray coating, which grow to a fairly large size. In dry weather, the stems of affected specimens dry out and fall off. With the development of gray rot, rainy and damp weather is especially dangerous, since at high humidity the fungus spreads at a rapid speed, infecting new areas of the soil. When these spots appear, you must immediately take measures to combat the disease. An important condition disease prevention is the destruction of diseased leaves. Control measures: If the rot has not spread to the entire plant, only the affected parts of the hydrangea are removed, and healthy stems and leaves are treated with Bordeaux mixture or foundation. If the spots have spread to the stem, the plant must be dug up and destroyed.
white rot
White rot is a fungal disease that primarily affects the root system of a plant. With the development of white rot, hydrangea roots begin to rot, as a result of which the plant does not receive the necessary nutrients. Soon the leaves and stems of the hydrangea turn brown and die off. The causative agent of white rot is a pathogenic fungus that enters the soil with plant remains. In the case when white rot affects young specimens, it forms on leaves and shoots. white coating reminiscent of his appearance cotton wool. After some time, black dots - sclerotia - can be found in this plaque. Fungicidal preparations, such as Fitosporin, are effective against white rot.
powdery mildew
There are two types of this fungal disease that affects hydrangea:- downy mildew, or Peronosporosis;
- real.
Pay attention to this photo: here are signs of such a hydrangea disease as downy and powdery mildew.
Septoria
This disease is manifested by the formation on the leaves of hydrangea brown spots 5 mm in diameter. If septoria is not treated, the leaves will soon completely darken and fall off the stems. This disease can deprive the plant of all leaves. Signs of this hydrangea disease can be seen in the photo below:
- Remove fallen leaves affected by septoria in a timely manner so that the fungus does not infect other parts of the soil.
- Cut off the affected stems and leaves, lightly capturing healthy areas.
- In spring, spray hydrangeas with Bordeaux mixture and Profit.
Rust
Another common fungal disease of hydrangeas that many gardeners face is rust. The disease manifests itself in a rusty color on the leaves, the disease can occur as a result of an excess of nitrogen in the soil. Treatment of plants with copper chloride by spraying affected and healthy leaves will help eliminate signs of rust. To prepare the solution, 20 grams of copper should be dissolved in 5 liters of water. Also effective against rust are drugs such as Topaz and Falcon. The external manifestations of this hydrangea disease and its treatment are presented in this photo:
Too high humidity and tightness can cause an invasion of snails and slugs, which can be severe. If available too a large number harmful organisms, plants are treated with drugs such as Karbofos, Fitoverm, Aktellik. Meta is recommended against slugs. Familiarity with the main diseases