Just as any well-established theater complex begins with the foyer, so any decent home begins with the staircase. And it is quite clear that the steps for stairs play vital role in the general perception of any, and also presentable, structure. That is why it is important to think through every little detail.
Steps from artificial stone and porcelain stoneware fit perfectly into any building style.
It could be:
- Modern;
- High tech;
- Baroque;
- Classic.
Porcelain stoneware stairs unobtrusively indicate respectability and practicality. It is worth dwelling on this type of stairs in a little more detail. When building a staircase structure, undoubtedly, the frame plays an important role, as well as its decoration and finishing. The decorated staircase structure is an excellent addition to any design project for a cottage or large mansion.
Installation is usually performed concrete steps followed by finishing:
- Porcelain tiles;
- Wood;
- Natural stone.
Porcelain tiles for stairs are the most in demand today. Granite steps can withstand very heavy loads. In addition, porcelain stoneware material is durable. Its advantages make it possible to use the material when creating interfloor flights of stairs in cottage buildings and private houses. The technology for producing steps from porcelain stoneware makes it possible to obtain unique colors and create unique designs.
Advantages and types of steps for porcelain stoneware stairs
Porcelain stoneware steps for staircases are becoming increasingly popular. The splendor of the staircase largely depends on the cladding, surface and color chosen. Steps made of porcelain stoneware material perfect solution for staircase construction in a residential building due to the best symbiosis of durability, quality, and cost. Porcelain tiles have different shades, as well as different surface types and patterns.
Russia produces the following types of surfaces:
- Not polished;
- Polished;
- Polished;
- Embossed.
Porcelain tiles are used both for interior decoration as well as for stairs located outside the building.
One of the advantages of the material is large decorative possibilities, since modern technologies help to imitate the texture and color of almost any type of stone.
Granite finishing of stairs: technical characteristics and forms
Steps finished with porcelain stoneware have certain specifications.
- Abrasion resistance;
- Strength and high density;
- Waterproof;
- Resistance to mechanical stress;
- Resistance to temperature changes;
- Integrity of structure and color fastness;
- UV resistance;
- Weather resistant.
It is important to note that granite steps for staircases may have different shape and colors. This abundance of choice increases the possibilities of their application. Matte steps are best suited for staircase structures. This surface is non-slippery, which significantly reduces the risk of injury when using stairs.
During the operation of such stairs, people calculated correct height 1 step lies within 10 - 15 cm.
This is exactly the data that manufacturers use and use it to make all the parts for the steps. A large number of different stages have been created, but also more types structures where they are used. The most popular are 2 types of stairs, spiral and marching. Staircase structures may have different widths and height, which means that any finishing of steps with granite will inevitably lead to adjustment in place necessary elements. Typically, one of the main attributes of a staircase structure is the plinth. Whether it is needed depends on the overall decoration of the room.
Chic staircase finishing with porcelain stoneware
Porcelain stoneware has proven itself ideally as a building material for finishing works. It is created from natural raw materials and is environmentally friendly. In addition, granite steps for staircases have the highest strength and density. You can only make scratches with a diamond, they are so durable. This building material is resistant to frost, liquid and heat.
Cladding stairs with capinos can be done as in one piece granite slabs, and prefabricated.
Building materials stores sell ready-made steps made of porcelain stoneware measuring 1200 by 330 by 20 mm, which is the standard. Solid steps make it possible to avoid many seams and joints. With prefabricated ones, you can use elements of various patterns, colors and create an original staircase structure. When choosing the cladding, the edge of the future tread is also immediately selected.
It may look like this:
- Rectangular;
- Round;
- Raised.
When finishing steps with porcelain stoneware, it is important to remember some points. It is necessary to accurately measure the size of the rough steps, as well as the cladding. There must be a complete match. To cut porcelain stoneware, it is better to use a water cutter. This machine will prevent the formation of chips and cracks when cutting. If you need to cut the side that is adjacent to the wall, you can take an angle grinder with a turbo disc.
The surface of the march must be cleaned and the treads and steps must be coated with acrylic primer. The installation of building materials should begin from top to bottom, the tiles should be “set” using special glue for porcelain tiles. The mixture must be applied with a notched spatula. During finishing, the side and front part of the steps extends 20 mm beyond the riser. After this, you need to trim part of the side of the riser along with part of the concrete, which is then puttied and plastered, painted to match the walls. The cladding begins with the tread, and then the risers are finished. A staircase finished with porcelain stoneware looks clean and presentable. This staircase is beautiful and safe.
Tiles for porcelain stoneware stairs: how to care for the structure
Porcelain stoneware steps for staircase construction do not require special procedures for processing and maintenance, standard cleaning and cleaning is sufficient for them. Absolutely any detergents are suitable for caring for surfaces made of porcelain stoneware for staircase structures.
The material cladding has an almost endless service life, while they retain their:
- Aesthetics;
- Practicality;
- Functionality.
Finishing the stairs with porcelain stoneware (video)
Porcelain stoneware steps are not afraid of dirt and retain their original colors during use. They do not need to be coated with special protective polishes. Steps are lined with granite once and for life. This way, the house will have a comfortable, beautiful and durable staircase for decades.
Granite staircase design (interior photo)
Steps made of porcelain stoneware with notches available in stock, own production provides low price for the production of porcelain stoneware stairs.
A rich range of colors and the ability to imitate the pattern of marble or wood allows you to choose porcelain tiles for steps for any interior - the staircase can be polished or matte, with beveled or rounded edges. Increased strength has made porcelain stoneware steps incredibly popular in architectural and design projects.
Making steps from porcelain stoneware
If the finished steps are not suitable for you, then you can choose any porcelain stoneware and we will make individual staircase at our production. All products, from the method of processing the material to the design of the finished porcelain stoneware steps, are created using the most modern technologies. It is possible to manufacture steps from porcelain stoneware slabs and prefabricated steps with a figured end, etc.
The finishing of stairs with porcelain tiles from the Rekada company is carried out strictly in accordance with the wishes of the customer. The finished look of a porcelain stoneware staircase is given by risers, baseboards and inserts made in uniform style.
The use of porcelain stoneware for stair steps
Porcelain stoneware steps are intended for use in areas where they cannot be used a natural stone. They are not afraid of crowded public places, humid and cold climates, sudden temperature changes and direct sunlight. Solid porcelain stoneware steps without a seam are the most durable in use, but lower in price. The price of porcelain stoneware steps is justified by their aesthetics and durability.
The long service life of steps for stairs made of porcelain stoneware is ensured by unique technical indicators:
- high density
- low water absorption< 0,5%
- abrasion resistance 0.08 g/cm2
Porcelain stoneware steps with anti-slip notches make the stairs comfortable and safe.
The staircase is a miracle. It is precisely this stable phrase that almost everyone has formed when mentioning the word staircase. And it’s not even about what an ordinary staircase looks like. She can turn into a real masterpiece at any time, if you use porcelain stoneware steps for stairs to finish it.
The staircase is not only an almost integral part of the house, but often has independent use when designing the landscape. It’s somehow hard to imagine a house in which, or in the design of the surrounding area, stairs are not used. At a minimum, there should be a porch, and in this case there should be steps.
This is the peculiarity of using stairs - they should work equally well in the conditions of the interior of the house, fitting into a wide variety of interiors, and in conditions of exposure surrounding atmosphere under significant mechanical loads (abrasion of steps).
About porcelain tiles
Porcelain tiles, although not related to natural materials, but can be considered as such. In its production, only natural minerals were used - clay, sand, quartz, mineral dyes. According to the manufacturing technology, all components are finely crushed, mixed together, subjected to significant pressure and subsequent annealing.
The result is a homogeneous, dense material without internal voids. It should be noted the characteristics that make it possible to cladding the stairs with porcelain stoneware:
- resistance to water absorption. Thanks to pressing under high pressure There are no voids or cracks in porcelain stoneware that water can get into. The consequence of this is the possibility of its use in any conditions;
- resistance to temperature changes. The homogeneity of the structure and its high density prevent the destruction of porcelain stoneware due to temperature changes;
- resistance to chemical influences. Due to significant pressure and temperature (1300°C), all components react with each other and form new material, inert towards many chemically aggressive substances;
- The wear resistance of porcelain stoneware is again a consequence of the manufacturing technology and for individual samples is 8 units on the current scale (the most wear-resistant is a diamond with an indicator value of 10 units.)
Such basic indicators make porcelain stoneware stairs reliable and durable products that can successfully withstand the influences environment. Their use is possible both in landscape design and inside buildings.
About the variety of shapes and colors
It should be noted that the shape and color of porcelain stoneware steps can be extremely varied. Such a wide selection expands the possibilities for their use. Moreover, diversity color palette expanding different surface steps. It can be polished or matte. Latest surface option the best way suitable for cases where porcelain stoneware products are used as floor coverings. Shoes do not slip on such a surface, which reduces the risk of falling on porcelain stoneware stairs.
Over the course of many years of using stairs, people have established that the steps should not exceed 15 cm in height and should not be lower than 10 cm. These are the numbers that manufacturers use; the height of 15 cm is adopted as a standard, and all the details of the steps are made for it.
Despite the large number of different steps, there are much more different staircases where they can be used. It is enough just to mention the two most common types - marching and spiral; what similar staircases made of porcelain stoneware look like, the photo below allows anyone to evaluate it.
They can be different heights and width, so any finishing of the staircase with porcelain tiles will inevitably be associated with fitting the necessary parts in place.
About porcelain stoneware steps for stairs
As can be seen from the presented photograph, porcelain stoneware steps are a set of several parts, made in the same style and supplied together:
- tread;
- riser;
- plinth.
Each of them has its own characteristics, which can be found out below.
Step or tread- These are tiles with relief stripes or cuts, which eliminate the possibility of slipping. There are steps with strips of abrasive material. The surface of such tiles is usually rough.
According to their design, the steps can be solid, for the entire length, or prefabricated, in which case each step is assembled from individual elements, which are used to finish the staircase with porcelain stoneware.
The step itself can be simple or figured. The photographs below show examples as an example. possible execution various stages.
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Moreover, the shaped edge (ceramic corner) of the steps can be made as a separate element. An example of what this looks like is shown in the photograph.
The vertical wall located under the step is called a riser. Here, first of all, attention should be paid to its height. It is he who will be adjusted to the height of the steps of the staircase, which is lined with porcelain stoneware.
In addition, the use of materials of various shapes and colors can give the stairs original look. An example of this use of porcelain stoneware can be seen in the photographs below.
Usually a mandatory attribute of a staircase is a plinth. Its presence is determined by the overall decoration of the room. If skirting boards are installed everywhere along the walls, then they must also be installed on the stairs. In the case when the wall is on one side, then the plinth is laid along it, but if the wall is on two sides, then the plinth must be laid on both sides, as can be seen in the photo below.
About choosing steps for a porcelain stoneware staircase
Considering that porcelain stoneware finishing is quite popular, manufacturers produce special sets, collections of steps for different names and in different style. The choice of a specific option for steps should fit into the overall decoration of the room, its interior and harmoniously combine with the entire environment.
When considering the use of porcelain stoneware for finishing stairs, it is necessary to take into account, in addition to the general assessment of the appearance and aesthetic impression of the final result, the possibility of adjusting the slabs to the dimensions of the real staircase. Often this operation can cause the most trouble during finishing.
Now we can once again return to the question of which step is better to use - a solid one or a prefabricated one made from individual elements. The photographs above allow us to conclude that any of these options can be successfully used. If the step is solid, then this avoids unnecessary joints and seams. And if the step is made prefabricated, then you can use elements different color, drawing and give the stairs an unusual look.
Using porcelain stoneware for staircase cladding allows you to give it an attractive look. And given the properties of porcelain stoneware, this design can be successfully used both for decoration inside the house and public spaces, and for the exterior decoration of surrounding areas and any landscape.
Porcelain tiles for stair steps are 120 and 135 cm long. Among the main types of surfaces, matte, embossed and polished products are distinguished. The steps form an imitation of wood, smooth stone, textured stone, terracotta, transitional shade, uniform design, etc.
Solid steps from high-strength materials are created to give strength and monumentality to buildings. To create an anti-slip effect, rough grooves or special stripes are created on the polished surface.
Features of stairs
Monolithic steps for stairs made of porcelain stoneware are made as an architectural element for placement in the interior or exterior of the room. It is selected based on the parameters of the site allocated for installation of the structure and forms different types of structures:
- Simple.
- Marching.
- Winder and turning.
Cladding stairs and steps with porcelain stoneware involves the use of material which contains natural ingredients:
- Clay.
- Sand.
- Quartz.
- Mineral coloring elements.
When creating raw materials for manufacturing, all elements are crushed and mixed together for further pressing and annealing. The obtained result pleases with increased moisture resistance and stability. different temperatures and chemical exposure.
Types and purpose
Unpolished stair cladding concrete stairs porcelain stoneware serves to prevent sliding properties in high-traffic areas and high level moisture. Among the main features are the low cost and the formation of difficulties during processing.
The polished coating creates a glossy surface. This helps to give a deep, rich shade and presentable appearance. When used, it can take on a matte finish, which is due to rubbing during frequent use.
The relief decoration of the staircase steps with porcelain stoneware is used for rooms with high humidity. Externally, it is presented in the form of time-worn stone with a non-slip coating.
Shapes and shades
The height of the steps varies between 10 – 15 cm. Based on the width and height of the products, additional adjustments are made to individual elements. Cladding is done in one piece of slabs or prefabricated devices. Standard parameters of finished steps are 120x33x2 cm.
Steps for stairs made of 1200mm porcelain stoneware can be solid. At the same time, it is easy to do without large quantity joints and seams. Prefabricated steps create an unusual design, subject to the use of different shades and textures. The outermost part of the tread is created in a rectangular, round or relief shape.
Porcelain stoneware staircase details
C porcelain stoneware tiles act as a set of several elements, made in the same style and supplied for sale together:
- tread;
- riser;
- plinth.
Among the main features are the following:
- A step or tread acts as a tile with relief stripes or cuts. The production of steps is carried out with strips of abrasive material. Coverage of this type The tiles have a rough finish.
- There are solid, full-length steps or prefabricated ones. In the second case, each step is made up of individual elements used to cover the structure with porcelain stoneware. The step itself forms a flat or figured design. IN in this case It is possible to use curved, wavy, multifaceted, etc. sides.
- The vertical wall placed under the steps is called a riser. It draws attention to the height indicators.
Attention! The mandatory attributes of a staircase installation include a plinth.
Its type determines general finishing building. If a plinth is placed near the walls, then it can also be laid on the stairs. Provided that the wall is finished on one side, the baseboard is placed along it.
Preparing porcelain tiles
- At standard parameters products step height 15 cm, width 30, length 120-160 cm, you can use ready-made steps. They are equipped with rounded ends and notches that prevent slipping.
- Length of monolithic steps 120, 130, 160 cm, 180; width 300 mm. They are supplied separately and complete with a riser. The edge of the step is made in a straight or figured design. It is possible to use a cornice. The kit is complemented by a plinth and a cornice, which is used when the edge of the step is straight.
- A kit for creating one step costs a lot. You can save money by using a monolithic step, and the risers are made of porcelain tiles, mosaics, and shell rock.
- Cladding of non-standard curved or fan-shaped stair installations made using porcelain stoneware tiles. Tile thickness from 1.2 cm.
- It is convenient to use tiles with a side or cornice. This eliminates the use of a profile.
- Tiles with a flat edge are complemented by a profile. Using a non-removable corner profile produced when laying tiles. The removable profile element is fixed after finishing the stairs and grouting the joints.
Surface preparation
The arrangement of steps should not have horizontal deviations. It is not recommended to expand narrow structures using tile adhesive. In this situation, you will need wooden formwork and filling the steps with a mixture of expanded clay, sand and crushed stone. It is not recommended to finish a wooden structure.
The base is treated with a primer. The finishing of a new concrete staircase is carried out two months after its construction.
Laying the material
- The tiles are laid out on the steps, focusing on the central part. Placement is carried out in compliance with symmetry.
- Apply glue to the base and level it with a notched trowel. The voids are filled with glue.
- The outermost part of the tile should protrude 10-15 mm above the base.
- Glue is applied to back side riser It should be placed under the spout of the tile. The height offset is equal to the width of the seam.
- Straight edge tiles are placed using a corner profile. The use of tiles is done using crosses to form an even seam between the tiles. Seam thickness 5-8 mm.
- After the glue has dried, the seams are cleaned and rubbed. The baseboard is installed. This is ensured 2 days after placing the porcelain stoneware.
- Before grouting the seam, it is necessary to remove any remaining adhesive.
Cutting porcelain tiles for steps is done using a water-cutting machine. It helps prevent chips and cracks when cutting.
Staircase projects always include a specification that specifies what material to use for finishing. Steps for stairs made of porcelain stoneware are the most durable and durable option implementation. Exist various options this material, which can be used in finishing. Porcelain tiles have high technical performance and ideally meet the requirements for abrasion and strength. A mandatory requirement for interior staircases in a home is to be aesthetically pleasing. appearance, in other words, designers need to do beautiful interior using porcelain stoneware steps.
To make the perfect concise solution, without seams and additional expenses For installation, porcelain stoneware manufacturers came up with steps made of 1000x300 porcelain stoneware. This trend has been going on for over ten years.
The market name is monolithic steps, porcelain stoneware is the basis of this type of product. All the main features of porcelain stoneware are inherent: low water absorption, frost resistance, resistance to chemical influences, wear resistance.
The production of degrees from porcelain stoneware is a rather expensive process. But the characteristics of this type of product are interesting in that flights of stairs can be lined both inside and outside the house, due to the fact that the material has low porosity and water absorption. Individual characteristic monolithic steps and their strength. Standard option produced steps with a thickness of 22 mm. This allows it to be used even without the use of a stair base, for so-called open flights of stairs. Monolithic steps can withstand fractures of at least 450 kg. This characteristic, in turn, allows the steps to be laid on the base without prior leveling. This simplifies the installation process, because for other types of steps, preparing a level base is one of the rules for reliable installation.
The high hardness of the steps allows you to avoid scratches that will spoil the appearance of the stairs. Also, the abrasion process is quite long for this type of steps.
If you use monolithic steps in areas with heavy traffic, you can expect them to resist abrasion, compromising the aesthetic qualities of the staircase. The material has the same texture throughout its entire thickness and does not reveal problems, even when the lower layer of porcelain stoneware appears. New technologies today offer sizes of 1200x600, which allows you to implement bold interior solutions.
Monolithic steps are suitable for following types stairs:
- Marching;
- Console;
- Ridge (staircase in hospitals);
- Screw.
To fit to different types You will need to cut the steps to the required sizes or shapes.
At factories you can order steps to suit your shapes and sizes. You can also order additional manipulations, such as anti-slip slots or a rounded edge.
But you can also adjust the size and shape at any stone processing plant. In addition to the steps, you can choose a plinth, risers and background tiles, which, in combination with monolithic steps, will give the staircase a complete look.
The only, but not critical, disadvantage is the number of colors (the variety is less than that of ceramic tiles) and surface textures.
Basic textures of monolithic steps:
- A natural stone;
- Monocolor;
- Salt pepper.
Of course, the expansion of offers on the market has not bypassed the stage; wood-look porcelain tiles can also be used for stairs. In addition, projects take into account everything, not just desired design tiles, size matters.
Standards for porcelain stoneware steps for home
Steps for stairs made of porcelain stoneware can be made from ordinary background stone of any size. This option will reduce costs in the overall staircase implementation budget. The aesthetic disadvantage of this solution is the presence of a grouted seam. The installation process is no different from the process of laying tiles. The main thing in this process is the correct calculation of the material. Also in favor of this decision are the safety requirements for flights of stairs in public buildings(buildings of class F1.1), where the width should not be less than 135 cm. Accordingly, monolithic steps one meter long will have to be made with side treads, and the distance that will fall under the staircase handrails must also be taken into account.
The popularity of porcelain tiles over tiles remains a trend; in the desire to make cheaper, ceramic tiles are considered first. Moreover, in variants with ceramic tiles there is a large offer of steps with capinos; porcelain stoneware is inferior in this regard, since manufacturers initially focus on the strength of the material and the processing of the edges.
Support of tiles for the implementation of correct and comfortable stairs is based on the following principles:
- Convenient descent;
- Convenient lift;
- Minimum lifting load (a person should not get tired);
- In a single design with the entire interior;
- With non-slip surface.
It is believed that comfortable movement is ensured by the height ratio flight of stairs to its projection onto the horizontal plane as 1:2. The building designer will be able to calculate the necessary and comfortable characteristics of the stairs of the house, taking into account the used finishing materials, including the thickness of the tiles included in the project. If the calculation is made incorrectly, then using such a ladder will be inconvenient and uncomfortable. A person using it simply will not fall into a natural step. Nowadays quite often shopping centers this error is being traced.
The thickness of the tiles for the step is taken into account taking into account the adhesive layer. We must not forget about this when designing.
If you observe that man walking unnatural, and by adjusting the step to the next step, you will immediately understand what exactly the designer’s mistake is at the heart of this problem. In this case, steps made of porcelain stoneware provide only what is required by the material and there is no problem with them. An error of a different nature.
Surface of porcelain stoneware steps:
- Matte;
- Polished;
- Embossed.
The problem can be created by the dimensions of the staircase, which are larger or smaller than the entire length of the tile for the implementation of the staircase. Tilers can get out of this difficulty by increasing or decreasing the tile joint. In some cases, it will be necessary to replace the material if it does not sufficiently cover the installation site, but if the tiles are larger than the width and length of the step, then this can be solved simply by trimming.
A solid staircase or one consisting of individual elements should be made based on your own preferences. In any case, the production of steps from porcelain stoneware involves the production of a large number of additional elements.
Additional elements for stairs:
- Vertical plinth;
- Horizontal plinth;
- Riser.
Using them with steps gives the whole solution a finished look.
Types of steps:
- Standard;
- With adhesive;
- Team.
Dimensions are not included in standardization, as they can be any, the main thing is the manufacturing method. The so-called glued nose may not create problems only if expensive glue is used, correctly selected, and professional styling. Otherwise, they will simply break off. Replacement will be expensive and problematic. The baseboard is made from background tiles. It is also recommended to select them according to the same tone, so that a different tone does not appear. Claims from the customer cannot be avoided if this moment is missed. Even sellers sometimes forget to say this. And claims after installation are not accepted, so you will have to purchase at your own expense and correct errors. Moreover, ordering the right baseboards and risers in tone will also not be easy. The seller may simply not have them in the right tone. The appearance of the desired tone from the manufacturer is not predictable in time. Of course, they keep records of the colors they produce, but getting the right tone is quite difficult.
