Many people, tired among the city noise and bustle, try to move beyond the boundaries of big cities at least for the weekend. Dacha plots are not always a place for growing vegetables and fruits; much more often they are a relaxation area for soul and body. Beauty and convenience add to suburban living small buildings made with your own hands, for example, a pergola.
General idea of pergola
The purpose of the first pergolas in the Roman Empire was to support grape vines.
In modern times, such structures most often serve as a decorative element of the landscape. Creeping and creeping plants wrap around the pergola and are used by owners of private houses and suburban areas for creating shady places and transitions.
Vine support
A pergola is one or more arches connected to each other by sheathing. Such wooden structures are certainly a wonderful decoration for the landscape, but they also have functionality.
- Creating a shaded place in the recreation area.
- Use as a transition from one place to another.
- Separation suburban area to zones.
- Decoration of the main house building.
- Disguising old or not very successful architectural structures.
- Basis for grape vines or other creeping plants.
Design Features
IN classic look a pergola is a structure in the form of two-row support pillars, connected by an upper ceiling. The pillars are mounted on a specially created foundation, on the top of the pergola - trellis filling and connection of bars and boards.
A pergola, unlike a gazebo, does not completely hide the sky; through the gaps of the wooden materials you can see pieces of air space in any weather or contemplate beautiful climbing plants conveniently located across the entire surface of the pergola.
For pillars, use strong racks with a height of at least two and a half meters. These pillars are installed on an individual foundation or these racks are strengthened with metal crutches, digging them to a depth of 60–70 cm. Another type of fastening of pillars is placing them in quadrangular metal shoes.
Beams or round logs are quite suitable for pergola posts, but it is not forbidden to make pillars from type-setting slats, poles with different types processing, metal pipes.
So-called purlins (beams) are placed on top of the pillars, along which cross-bar boards are placed perpendicularly (section 20 by 5 cm).
To build a beautiful pergola, it is advisable to maintain certain proportions. A design in which the height of the pillars is much greater than the distance between them does not look entirely harmonious. Therefore, most often the dimensions between the posts along the pergola are 3 - 3.5 m. Pergolas that are too high or very low look ridiculous.
Material selection
Traditionally, wooden structures are used to build pergolas.
Wooden pergola:
- light;
- durable;
- reliable;
- thorough.
Wooden materials can be used to build structures of varying complexity; they fit together well and, if necessary, are easily transported from place to place.
Traditional wooden pergola
If you want to be original, then use sanded tree trunks as supports, emphasizing the connection between man and pristine nature.
You can make pergolas with pillars from metal structures and decorate them with forged openwork elements.
A pergola made of metal with openwork forged decor looks great
Sandstone, brick, cut stone, concrete, metallic profile, wire - can also be taken as building materials to build a pergola on your country plot.
Pergolas-passages along paths using forging and entwined with ivy, ornamental grapes and other suitable plants look beautiful and “airy”.
The materials used in the construction of the pergola can be combined. Great option - metal racks made of pipes (diameter 4 cm), to which crossbars made of transverse wooden beams are attached.
The introduction of plastic materials into human life can also be used in suburban buildings. But you need to take into account that plants take root less well on plastic structures (as opposed to wooden ones).
Excellent plastic design will fit well into the landscape design of modern suburban areas
Buildings made of stone, although very impressive, can only be made by a specialist. Processing monolithic stone is difficult and is easier to skillful hands professionals.
It is somewhat easier to work with brick. This material can also be mastered by ordinary people who want to decorate their country residence.
Form
Do not think that pergolas are only rectangular structures. Such landscape decorations There may be other forms:
- in the form of a fan;
- corner;
- multi-level;
- wall;
- double row;
- single row;
- arched;
- round;
- square, etc.
By connecting several pergolas at once, you can get a whole architectural ensemble beautiful designs. The choice of material, size and shape of the pergola depends on the style decision country house and the area as a whole.
Photo gallery: design features
Corner pergola 
Compound different shapes and different levels intertwined perfectly in this pergola 
Pergolas can be round, as in this photo 
This type of pergola resembles a fan 
Arched pergola very convenient for growing grapes
Location
Pergolas are installed anywhere in a suburban area. They can be separately standing structures or adjacent buildings to the main building. In the latter case, the pergola is securely attached to the wall of a house or other architectural structure. Such structures are static, as opposed to dynamic and directional buildings.
Wall-mounted metal design
Dynamic pergolas “move” along the paths laid on the site, creating beneficial shade while walking along them. A beautiful corridor of plants climbing along the pergola structure will not only add to the landscape design of your dacha, but will also help you find the desired coolness on a hot summer day.
This is what walking paths “framed” by a metal pergola might look like
Inside the pergola you can comfortably place a bench for rest or a sculpture that matches the theme of the landscape style and architecture of the building.
Inside such a wooden pergola you can relax and enjoy the beauty of the surrounding nature.
Pergola maybe integral part entrance ensemble. In this case, the entrance door is attached to one of the racks.
Entrance structure with pergola
Getting ready for construction
We purchase materials
The type of materials, their quantity and quality depend on several factors:
- selected design;
- dimensions of the future pergola;
- your wealth.
To build a pergola you will need wooden slats, metal pipes (depending on the base material), staples, metal corners, bolts, cords or thick wire.
The main quality of a metal building is its durability and strength. Wooden pergolas have an excellent ability to fit into any landscape area. Brick buildings are best suited for areas with large areas.
If you are short on funds, then a budget option building pergolas from plastic materials is for you. Such designs can become a harmonious continuation of everything stylistic direction, triumphant on the hacienda.
Preparing the tools
As assistant tools for work you need to prepare:
- shovel or drill (for preparing holes for posts);
- level (to establish horizontal or vertical surfaces);
- electric jigsaw (for cutting);
- tape measure (for measuring);
- screwdriver;
- drill;
- a bowl for mixing the solution;
- a stable stool or ladder.
The set of tools may vary depending on the selected materials and the design of the future pergola.
Making drawings
Of course, any building can be implemented most accurately and correctly if you first make a drawing and strictly follow all the parameters.
You can make the drawings yourself if you know a little about it. If not, then place an order in the design studio or download finished project from the Internet. Each of these options has its pros and cons.
Drawing of a pergola-gazebo
Drawings and designs made to order from specialists may not be cheap, but they will be individual and will be able to take into account all the features of your site, the location and purpose of the pergola.
The option from the Internet needs to be adapted to your conditions, since the selected drawings may not always fully suit your idea or capabilities.
Standard design
The main condition when building a pergola is strict adherence to the parameters. The principle of “measure twice, cut once” is most suitable for building a pergola with your own hands.
We build a structure from wood
Algorithm for constructing a wooden pergola:
- According to the drawing, we make markings on our site, indicating the parameters of the pergola with pegs.
- In the places of the pegs, you need to dig 4 holes for support posts up to 60 cm deep.
Holes for pillars
- We install pillars in the holes and fill them with concrete or other fastening solution. The height of the supports is according to the drawing.
Concreting the base of the support
- We wait for the solution to dry completely and attach horizontal support beams (50 by 150 mm). The edges of the beams need to be rounded using a jigsaw. Fastening is carried out with screws (screwdriver).
We fasten horizontal beams
- Now let's move on to the crossbars. We set the required dimensions using a tape measure and cut out grooves for inserting the crossbars into the support beams. We design the edges of the crossbars according to our idea - they can be figured or simply cut diagonally. The size of the crossbars is the same as the beams - 50 by 150 mm.
Crossbars
- On top of the crossbars we install the upper slats (50 by 150 mm) with pre-cut grooves. We also decorate the edges of the upper crossbars according to the drawing.
Fastening the top slats
- We attach the slopes to the pillars and support beams at a forty-five degree angle using screws.
A pergola can be used in this form, but it will be more functional (when placing plants) with trellises at the top, around which creeping flowers will twine.
Video: making a wooden structure
Instructions for creating a metal pergola with your own hands
A metal pergola, like a wooden one, is also made after a preliminary drawing future design. After purchase required material We cut the pipes into fragments according to the specified parameters - for racks, crossbars and stiffeners. It is advisable to treat the pipes special compounds from corrosion, thereby increasing the service life of the structure.
If there welding machine and a specialist who understands this, then the assembly of the structure will go quickly and without any problems. You can use another option reliable fastening- using bolts.
The upper part of the pergola is made of metal
To make the vegetation more lush, you can stretch steel wire over the metal structures, stretching it from the vertical posts to earth's surface with a step between elements of 15–20 cm. Green plants will cover such a pergola quite tightly, leaving almost not a single centimeter for the penetration of the scorching sun. Beauty, coolness and Fresh air- all this can be “obtained” while being in the shadow of this structure.
Great place to relax - metal pergola
Pergola functionality
Of course, the most common task that a pergola can do is protection from the hot sun. But this is not the only function performed by a pergola.
- A pergola can become a structure used to divide an area into zones. With the help of such a structure, it is easy to create a relaxation area in which you can retire and escape from the everyday hustle and bustle by reading your favorite book or talking with an interesting interlocutor.
- A wooden or metal structure with climbing plants can become a wonderful living “tunnel” leading to sports ground, garage, swimming pool. How nice it is to walk along a path decorated with such an elegant design!
- A wall-mounted pergola can become a beautiful entrance to your home.
- Displaying your favorite varieties of creeping plants is possible with the help of a pergola. Honeysuckle liana, climbing roses, clematis, princelings will bloom in riotous colors on such a structure and will become a luxurious decoration of your suburban area.
A pergola is not exotic, it is an excellent landscape design option that can be implemented at your dacha with your own hands, spending a minimum of effort and materials, and getting maximum pleasure and beauty.
The pergola is easy to install on a suburban area and provide comfortable stay. To do this, you need to select a design model, materials for manufacturing and master the technology of pergola construction.
Pergola and its purpose
A pergola is often installed in a garden or just on a country plot. This structure is a kind of gazebo, consisting of upper floors and support pillars. The roof can be horizontal or slightly sloped, and the walls are often presented in the form of a grid or figured lattice.
Pergola made of wood - environmentally friendly and nice option designs
The design of the pergola is quite simple and multifunctional. The construction of a pergola is often carried out for the following purposes:
- organizing a place to relax;
- addition of landscape design;
- zoning of the site space;
- camouflage of technical or utility buildings;
- home design addition;
- support for climbing plants.
Functionality and simplicity of design make the pergola a universal, practical and convenient solution for a suburban area. From a wide variety of building options, you can choose the optimal one depending on the area of the site, design style and other factors.
Advantages and disadvantages of the design
A simple version of a pergola consists of supporting pillars and a lattice-shaped roof. Exist various variations, but the gazebo most often does not have walls and is a kind of canopy. The role of the walls can be performed by lattice supports along which plants climb. In this case, the pergola is more closed than the option with simple support posts.
Pergola can perform various functions
The general structure of the structure is simple, and appearance, the pergola design is created using decorative elements, beautifully shaped details. The material from which the structure is made has a significant influence on the appearance of the gazebo. Metal or wood is often used for this. The first option serves as the basis for creating forged pergolas of elegant shape. The advantages of metal structures are expressed as follows:
- reliability, durability;
- elegant form of the structure, design with forged twisted patterns;
- Possibility of painting in any colors.
Metal gazebos also have disadvantages. One of these qualities is expressed in the complexity of independent construction of structures. It is impossible to build a forged pergola yourself, and a simpler option requires complex actions, for example, welding metal elements.
Wrought iron pergolas effectively serve as a gazebo
A wooden pergola is simpler and more convenient. Construction from such material does not require special knowledge and tools, and positive traits expressed as follows:
- environmental friendliness and pleasant structure of the material;
- easy processing, simple installation;
- the ability to create original designs;
- resistance to climatic factors.
Wood is easy to use, but requires careful processing, which involves the use of antiseptic agents to prevent rotting. In harsh climates with changeable weather, it is not recommended to install wooden pergolas or they should be dismantled for the winter. This is due to the fact that the material is susceptible to cracks and deformation.
The choice of a particular material depends on financial capabilities, personal preferences, and properties of the materials. If you need a design that is practical and does not require special care, then metal is the optimal solution.
Photo gallery: pergola options from different materials
Massive pillars highlight the graceful pergola roof 
The design with stone pillars looks impressive and is suitable for a spacious area 
A cozy pergola is a good place to relax 
The pergola serves as a wonderful relaxing place for a company or family 
A cozy gazebo decorates the garden 
Forged metal pergolas perfectly complement the landscape design 
A long pergola makes the area cozy
Preparation for construction
You can build a simple pergola on your site with your own hands, but this requires certain preparatory work. This allows you to make not only a beautiful and comfortable, but also a durable gazebo, taking into account all the features of the site.
The place for the gazebo can be laid out with stone or paving slabs
One of important points construction is determining the location for installing the structure. You should first select an image of a pergola that matches personal preferences, landscape design and other features of the site. If the gazebo serves as a support for plants, then you need to provide enough space for their growth. Exist the following types structures:
- the screen is a semi-closed structure that serves as a corner for privacy and quiet rest;
- the tunnel looks like many arches forming a “green corridor”. This option is suitable for designing a path leading to the house;
- an awning or canopy does not protect from the wind, since it is a roof on supporting pillars;
- the canopy has two support pillars on one side, and on the other it is attached to the wall of the house above the door or window.
Pergola material
The construction of a gazebo-canopy can be carried out from two materials: metal and wood. For simple and lightweight buildings, wood is often used, which is more convenient to work with than metal. Custom-made forged pergolas look more impressive than wooden structures. Thus, when choosing a material, you need to take into account the advantages, properties, and features of using the structure yourself.
Wood is easy to process and create practical designs
To select a material, you should familiarize yourself with the technologies for constructing gazebos made of metal and wood. This will allow you to determine all the features of the use of materials. The quality of the structures for pergola construction is of particular importance. The wood should have no signs of rotting, deformation or cracks. You can use any type of wood, but larch and oak are the most durable. For metal structures, profile pipes are used different sizes. Wood and metal must be coated with antiseptic and anti-corrosion agents, respectively.
Construction tools
Installing a pergola made of wood or metal requires a certain set of tools. To work with wood you will need tools such as an axe, hammer and saw. Nails are used to fasten elements, and self-tapping screws and a screwdriver will ensure reliable fixation. You can check the evenness of the structure with a building level; a tape measure is also necessary for work.
To make a wooden pergola you need simple carpentry tools
Making a forged pergola with your own hands is very difficult or even impossible in the absence of certain skills and equipment. Therefore, a metal structure often consists of a complex of profile pipes welded together. To work, you will need a welding machine, as well as a building level and a tape measure, chalk or marker for marks.
Drawings of wood and metal structures
It is quite easy to make a pergola-canopy from wood, which is installed in the space allocated for the gazebo. The area can be laid out in advance paving slabs, which will make the area more comfortable. The drawing of a pergola-canopy is simple, but it is important to take into account all the features of fastening the elements.
The dimensions of all the main parts are marked on the drawing.
Drawing of metal structures simple type easy to do yourself. In this case, the mounting option for all elements, the angle of their fixation, and the dimensions of the parts are taken into account.
A metal gazebo of simple design does not require an extremely accurate drawing
If you do not have skills in drawing up drawings, you can take a ready-made diagram as a basis, adding or excluding any design elements. The dimensions of the gazebo are selected individually depending on the area of the site, the purpose and type of pergola.
Construction of a wooden pergola
For construction wooden structure will be needed carpentry tool, antiseptic for wood protection, drawing and quality material. When constructing support pillars, timber with a section of 150x150 mm is used, and for cross beams 50x150 mm boards are suitable. The crossbars are made from boards 50x100 mm. The elements are fastened using self-tapping screws 150 mm and 75 mm long.
For the screen you can use boards with the same parameters as for the canopy
Creating a wooden or metal pergola involves concreting the support pillars. For this you will need garden auger, container for mixing cement mortar. The scope of work is as follows:
- At the site of the future building, mark the outline of the structure using rope and pegs. At the same time, the exact location of the corners is noted by installing pegs in place of the pillars.
The distance between the pillars is selected individually, for example, about 1.5 m
- At the site of future pillars, holes are dug about 70 cm deep, and the diameter of the recesses should be 10 cm larger than the diameter of the pillars. Gravel is poured onto the bottom in a layer of 5–10 cm, and then formwork is placed asbestos pipes or rolled roofing felt. The levelness of the formwork is checked using a building level, and then the forms are filled with concrete, installing adjustable anchors for the subsequent installation of pillars.
All pillars must be located at the same level
- The concrete dries for several days, while the pergola is made from timber. For supports, parts with a cross section of 100x100 or 150x150 mm are used. They are sawn off according to the required height of the structure. After the concrete has dried, the posts are mounted on the anchors with special screws called “capercaillies.”
The area for the gazebo should be laid out with paving slabs
- Roof support beams are made of 50x150 mm boards. Their length should be 60 cm greater than the width of the pergola, since the beams protrude about 30 cm on each side. The ends of the elements can be shaped using a jigsaw.
Beams can be shaped at the ends
- The beams are fixed with self-tapping screws or bolts and the levelness of the installation is checked using a building level.
The beams are fixed using bolts
- Cross beams are made from boards 50x150 mm. The number of such elements is determined depending on the fact that the distance between them should be 30 cm. Grooves about 3–4 cm deep are cut out on the lower part of the crossbars.
The grooves must be precise, because the ease of installation of the beams depends on this
- The cross members are secured with self-tapping screws 150 mm long. In this way, these elements are placed throughout the pergola roof.
Identical crossbars are attached along the entire roof of the gazebo
- In the next row, the crossbars are mounted in increments of 60 cm. Grooves are made in the elements, and during installation they are additionally secured with self-tapping screws. The final stage The work involves painting and designing the structure.
Crossbars for last row made in the same way as for the first
Video: building a covered pergola made of wood
Step-by-step construction of a metal pergola
The manufacture of a metal structure involves the use of profile pipes with a cross-section of 25x50 mm. The height and width of the future structure are selected individually. For example, top harness may consist of pipes 3 mm long, of which 4 are needed. The base supports are made of pipes 3 m long, and 2 of them are needed at each corner. The roof canopy is made of several elements. The first square has parameters of 2.12 m, the second - 1.5 m, and the third - 1.06 m. The jumpers between the main frame and the largest square are 1.06 m long.
For convenience, in the diagram, each element is indicated by a specific color.
When building a metal pergola, it is necessary to strengthen the supports and concreting. This process is carried out using the same technology as for a wooden pergola. And also all metal parts that go deep into the ground must be treated with an anti-corrosion compound. Next steps are as follows:
- According to the diagram, a pergola canopy is assembled from 4 squares, which must fit into each other. All elements are attached by welding, the pipes are cut with a grinder at 45° and welded.
First, squares are made from pipes, and then the canopy is assembled completely
- A short corner is welded to the two support pipes from below, and then the supports are concreted at their locations. Before concreting, sand is poured into the bottom of the recesses in a layer of 5 cm. The evenness of the supports is checked with a plumb line; all pillars must be located at the same level.
There are two pipes in the corners
- Next they mount roof structure. To do this, the welded squares need to be lifted and placed on poles, welding each side in turn. In the corners, jumpers are additionally attached by welding, enhancing the reliability of the structure. After this, you can paint and decorate the pergola with climbing plants.
Lintels enhance the strength of the pergola
Video: method of cutting pipes at 45°
Finishing and operation of the pergola
After assembly, the gazebo can be painted with products that are suitable for outdoor use and the selected type of material. It is best to use paints that contain anti-corrosion or antiseptic components. This allows you to protect the structure from rust and destruction.
It is best to paint a wooden pergola in natural shades of wood using stain
Damaged wooden elements structures must be promptly replaced with new ones. Metal structures more reliable, but poorly welded seams can crack and such consequences must be eliminated. If the pergola is used as a support for plants, then the bushes should be placed at a short distance from the walls, taking into account the rules for growing climbing plants.
Make metal or wooden pergola You can do it yourself quickly and without professional skills. The key to the longevity of a structure is the mastery of work technology and the quality of materials.
Do you want to add to the landscape local area Mediterranean comfort, make supports for climbing plants, zone a plot, or simply create shady place for carefree contemplation? A traditional wooden pergola will be an assistant in these matters.
Pergolas began to be used as decorative and functional elements back in Ancient Rome. In subsequent periods, the canopies entwined with greenery continued to remain important elements gardening and private areas. They do not lose their relevance in modern landscape design.
Today, pergolas are understood as the most different designs. They can be with a straight or vaulted top, in the form of a free-standing building or adjacent to a building, serving as a canopy for a terrace - sizes, shapes and architectural features garden pergolas know no boundaries. We will tell you how to make a classic pergola with your own hands, in the form in which it was erected by the ancient Romans and which is considered to be the canon of Mediterranean landscape design.
Construction of a traditional pergola
A classic pergola is a free-standing canopy made of wooden sheathing, supported on thick support pillars. The basic elements of a pergola are timber pillars, load-bearing beams, struts and lathing. The design looks as light as possible and is not overloaded, while at the same time it is strong enough to withstand the weight of plants and gusts of wind.
The laths of a classic pergola are made from boards installed on edge. A board mounted in this way can better withstand the loads caused by the weight of climbing plants than a lathing laid on a surface. In addition to increased rigidity and lack of deflection, mounted on the edge wooden boards they look more aesthetically pleasing, especially in the off-season, when they are not hidden by greenery.
About the choice of material
Year-round use of a pergola in the open air places the question of choosing wood at the forefront. Quite a lot of materials are needed to make this design. Not everyone is able to purchase such quantities of larch, thuja, oak, yew or other lumber that is well adapted for all-season outdoor use. A compromise solution from the point of view of durability and budget savings is the use of antiseptic pine boards and timber processed in industrial conditions.
Drawing of a classic wooden pergola with dimensions
Making a wooden pergola with your own hands
Thanks to its simple design and simple cutting pattern wooden parts and simple carpentry connections, even novice craftsmen will be able to cope with the construction of this project for a garden or cottage.
Guided by a detailed drawing with dimensions, the main elements of the pergola are prepared:
- support pillars - 6 pcs. 3,600x100x100 mm;
- beams - 6 pcs. 2,400x90x40 mm;
- battens - 16 pcs. 2,400x90x40 mm;
- struts - 14 pcs. 800x90x40 mm.
Step-by-step installation instructions:
- The construction of the structure on the site begins with the installation of supports. 100x100 mm timber is used as pillars. The simplest and most reliable technology for installing supports is concreting in a well dug below the freezing level of the soil. The depth of the well must be at least 1 m. General principle This technology is shown in the photo.
- On installed poles with a tenon cut out at the end, load-bearing beams are mounted using self-tapping screws.
- The battens, with selected quarters, are installed on a cross-shaped joint. Its dimensions and detailed details are shown in the drawing. The boards are secured with self-tapping screws along pre-drilled guides at their ends.
Installation of sheathing: diagram of the assembly unit.
- Self-tapping screws are used to install the struts.
- The final stage of pergola construction is the creation of a decorative base of support pillars from a 10 mm thick board.
The presented pergola drawing is universal. This is a design that can be easily modified to suit the needs of your dacha or garden. In addition to it, you can build wooden grate for roses, clematis, grapes and other climbing plants. A bench can easily be placed inside, outdoor table or assembled with your own hands, and the beams will withstand a light children's swing. The dimensions of the pergola allow it to be used as a carport.
Any garden will be decorated with an openwork pergola, created by yourself: step-by-step instruction, photos and diagrams will help you build from available materials different types small gazebos. Romantic buildings entwined with greenery were popular among the Russian aristocracy, in European gardens, and in the East. Protecting people relaxing in the garden from the sun, they have not lost their importance to this day. Modern is increasingly included in garden compositions vertical gardening and small architectural forms. One of the options for combining greenery and a small building are various pergolas in the form of arches or gazebos with a lattice roof.
Any garden will be decorated with an openwork pergola
When developing drawings of a future building, you need to pay attention to Special attention on the compatibility of its style and appearance with the general idea garden plot. The dimensions of the pergola should be harmoniously combined with the size of the land plot and other buildings on it. Thanks to the variety of models shown in the photo, it is not difficult to choose the variety suitable for the garden.
To highlight a recreation area and create shade in the hottest hours of the day, garden pergolas built with your own hands in the form of a canopy adjacent to the wall of a house or a free-standing gazebo. Arches of different sizes can serve as green tunnels to connect parts of the garden or design entrances and recreation areas. A special variety can be considered a pergola-bench, which combines the functions of a support for vines, a comfortable bench and a canopy for protection from the sun. You can also install a pergola with a hanging seat.
Garden pergolas are well suited to highlight a recreation area and create shade during hot hours of the day.
In a landscape inspired by romantic classics, a light one would be appropriate forged construction entwined with ivy or grapes. In this case, it is best to make a wooden pergola for your dacha with your own hands with bars and a roof in the form of a low arch. Gardens in the east or Japanese style will be decorated with pergolas-benches and airy pavilions with a lattice roof. They can use minimal landscaping. The Mediterranean style will be beautifully complemented by a pergola with an awning, made according to the principle of a canopy against the wall of a house.
Gallery: pergola (25 photos)
Construction for grapes (video)
Start of construction
Light construction does not require laying a foundation, so large-scale concrete works no need to produce. They will be required only if the pergola at the dacha is built with heavy decorative brick walls or the area under it is poured. To install the supports of a large building (about 2.5 m high), their bases will need to be concreted.
When choosing materials for construction, you need to soberly assess their properties and your capabilities:
- wood is easy to process, but construction will require precise fitting of parts and is susceptible to rotting;
- metal requires skills in working with a welding machine;
- plastic allows you to build different structures, but is not particularly durable.
Having determined appropriate place, dimensions and desired material, you can proceed to the development of sketches and construction plans.
To build a pergola you will need the following:
- shovel;
- plumb and level;
- crushed stone, sand and cement (if you need to concrete);
- corrugated pipe or timber for vertical posts;
- board 2x10 cm for wooden pergola;
- decorative lattice;
- hacksaw or jigsaw;
- grinder, welding machine for a metal gazebo;
- fastening elements (screws, staples, etc.);
- drill with screwdriver and drill bits.
For a pergola with an awning roof, you will need a panel of durable fabric the right size, string cornice (2 pcs.) and curtain clips. In addition, you need to take care of paint and varnish materials to protect wooden and metal structures from moisture.
Installation procedure on supports
Before building a pergola, you need to mark the selected area of the garden: draw a polygon of the required size according to the shape of the building. Place the supports in the corners and (if necessary) along the sides of the pavilion. In the marked places, dig holes at least 50 cm deep.
The guide for building a pergola at the dacha consists of the following points:
- Install a post in the hole from metal pipe or wooden beam. Align it vertically using a plumb line and secure it in the desired position. Fill the hole with large crushed stone and compact it. When filling, make sure that the column is stationary and, if necessary, level it again. Fill the support with a solution of 3 parts sand and 1 part cement. Install the remaining supports. After the concrete has dried (7-10 days), continue work.
- Cut boards or metal for beams so that each piece is longer distance between the supports by 50-80 cm. This will allow you to make beautiful roof extensions that are noticeable in any photo. There should be 4 parts. Attach the support beams with self-tapping screws or welding in pairs on both sides of the supports at opposite ends of the pavilion.
- Measure and cut roofing boards. To form extensions, you need to add 50-80 cm to the length of the pergola. Measure the required length of the roof extension from the end of the part and make a recess with a width equal to the thickness of the beam. Cut a second groove at a distance equal to the thickness of the support bar. Make the same paired cuts at the other end of the board. This will allow you to assemble the roof by putting grooves on the beams and connecting them with self-tapping screws for reliability. The ends can be cut into shapes. The pitch between roofing boards is 25-30 cm.
- For metal roofing elements, simply cut pieces to the required length. The connection to the beams is welded.
- To ensure the strength of the building, you need to install several more crossbars perpendicular to the roofing boards. In these parts you need to make grooves in increments of 25-30 cm along the entire length. Lay them on top of the roof in increments of about 1 m, secure with self-tapping screws.
- If you need a pergola for climbing plants, then a trellis for vines or clematis, made with your own hands from thin slats, can be installed between the supports.
A pergola with a bench is assembled using the same principles. An additional step will be to install beams at the bottom of the building for mounting the seat with a backrest and assemble them.
When making a pergola with an awning, you only need to dig in 2 supports at the required distance from the wall. Attach a horizontal beam to the house to support the beams. Installation of the roof consists of tensioning a string cornice with clamps. Strengthen the fabric canopy on opposite sides with clamps, placing them at even intervals. This will allow you to move the awning when it is not needed.
You can improve and decorate your site with the help of simple buildings in the form of a gazebo, veranda or terrace, adding to them a barbecue with a grill. And lovers of structures with arches will certainly like the original pergola, which will become protection from the scorching sun and a corner for relaxation in the summer. Such garden design easily created by hand in a matter of days.
In this article you will find step-by-step instructions for the construction of this landscape design element.
Application of pergolas
A wooden pergola in its classic form is a form of architecture for a small-sized garden (MAG), which is made to create shade and acts as a support for climbing plants, usually grapes. It consists of pillars arranged in two rows. A foundation is made under them or installed directly into the base of the site. The free space between the supports is filled at the request of the owners. The roof consists of boards and beams connected to each other.
In addition, a pergola built with your own hands will solve the following problems:
- Creates at the dacha extra bed for relax.
- We divide the garden area into zones or connect its individual parts.
- Serves as an excellent platform for the growth of climbing plants.
- Built according to interesting unique project, it becomes the design highlight of the site.
Having decided on the task that the construction will perform, it is necessary to choose the right place for installation so that the pergola has a harmonious appearance in the overall landscape design picture.
Selecting a location
What part of the territory to allocate for development depends on the size, shape and functions of the future structure. The best option its placement will be:
The standard dimensions for manual construction are considered to be a length of 2.5 m and a width of 1.5 m. Of course, this figure may vary based on the needs of the owners.
But, before you start making a pergola, you need to remember that the structure should be placed so that entry group elements went from north to south. This trick will reduce the intensity of sunlight, leaving it at a sufficient level for normal plant growth and a comfortable stay inside.
Selection and methods of protecting wood
To get the right pergola, you need to choose the material High Quality and do not make a mistake with the amount of material.
Wood is considered the most suitable option for these purposes, since plants grow much faster.
However, the owners summer cottages To extend the service life of buildings, combined solutions are used. For example, metal pipes serve as supports, and part of the pergola for landscaping is made of wood.
Thematic material:
Photo: popular types wood used in the construction of pergolas
Suitable main raw materials:
- larch,
- pine or spruce,
- maple.
Instead of support pillars, timber or round logs are suitable. For the upper part of the arch, you can stock up on willow and pine boards.
Remember! The harder the type of wood, the longer the service life of the structure.
In addition, raw materials must be subjected to sudden temperature changes, insects, and fire retardants for fire safety purposes.
To give an original appearance, tree trunks can be stripped of bark, stained, varnished or painted.
Instructions for making a pergola with your own hands
The key to successful construction is drawing up an accurate design diagram. It is necessary to take into account that the pergola must have a separate, or better yet, strip foundation.
Don't neglect proportions. The best option would be if the height of the building is greater than or equal to the width. Otherwise, the appearance of the product will be ridiculous.
In addition, the drawing should show the general picture of the site so that the pergola is in harmony with the other structures in shape and size. If difficulties arose when drawing up the sketch or the owners decided to build a multi-level building, it is worth turning to experienced architects and designers for help. They will draw up a project for the future product in the shortest possible time, taking into account all the requirements of the owners.
To create a pergola yourself, you need to prepare available tools and materials:
- container for mixing the solution,
- roofing felt,
- shovel,
- roulette,
- Master OK,
- hammer,
- crushed stone, broken bricks for butting;
- screws and nails,
- cement,
- sand,
- wooden blocks 5x10 cm.
In accordance with the construction manual, the installation of the structure takes place in the following sequence:
- The site is leveled and marked.
- A trench up to 30 cm deep is dug to equip the base wall.
- The solution is mixed.
- Crushed stone and broken brick are poured into the trench and compacted.
- A wall 40 cm high is laid out. At the same time, you must not forget to make supports from bars, placing them vertically. Hot bitumen is applied to the edges of the tree and wrapped in roofing felt. After drying, the supports are sealed with mortar from the wall side.
- Holes are dug for the bars. The distance from the wall must be at least 1 m, between supports - no more than 2 m.
- The bars are installed according to the drawing, poured at the bottom cement mortar. Protective agents are first applied to them.
- Floors are being installed. The bars are laid along the supports, connected to each other in the form of the letter T. Short bars are inserted across them, between them.
Installing elements in grooves will look most neat. Additional fastening can be nails, screws or self-tapping screws.
If the decoration of the pergola will be climbing plants, it is necessary to make a sheathing of thin veneer strips on the sides of the structure or secure mesh and hooks. Then the branches will carefully braid the entire structure.
Video: making an aspen pergola in a few hours
Pergola decoration
First of all, when designing a pergola, the emphasis should be on planting climbing plants around the perimeter, which will soon become a green curtain from the sun. It will look great:
- honeysuckle,
- hop,
- rose,
- Chinese lemongrass,
- bindweed,
- wisteria,
- actinidia,
- clematis,
- nasturtiums
However, we must not forget that until the flowers take root and reach the required length, the structure will remain unprotected from the scorching sun. To do this, you can temporarily use textiles in bright colors, and lay plastic curtains on the top floor.
Inside the pergola you should place benches and a table or a small sofa for relaxation, and attach railings to the sides of the building. This wooden structure will look harmonious near a well, fountain or stream.
Prices for pergolas
In the presence of financial resources This product can be purchased at finished form or order construction according to an individual project.
The average cost of a garden pergola made of wood 2–2.5 m high and 1.5 m wide ranges from 18 to 37 thousand rubles. The price for a corner structure of the same dimensions is 35 thousand rubles and more.
Such a wide price range is explained by the size, choice of wood type, the presence of finishing elements, benches inside the pergola, and the functions it performs.
Therefore, if the owners have a desire to independently implement the author’s idea for such a building, you can safely take the recommendations as a basis experienced builders and start creating.