(And it heats, and cooks, and pleases with comfort)
According to V. Zadde, it is best to build into the wall between the kitchen and the room a structure that is most fully described in the book by Litavar V.V., Kabanov V.V., Lobanov N.N., Shpagin M.V. — We make crafts in the apartment and at the dacha. Minsk: Harvest, 1995. This design was taken as the basis for the fireplace stove presented here.
It allows you to heat two rooms, one of which has a fireplace, and the other a hob with oven, two-burner stove and drying chamber with hood.
The peculiarities of the furnace include the small thickness of the walls of the heating channels (a quarter - a brick on an edge) with a cross-section of 1/2 x 3/4 bricks, which allows you to quickly heat up the furnace mass. The side walls of the firebox are also 1/4 brick thick.
Ventilation ducts in the fireplace improve the transfer of heat into the rooms both when the fireplace is lit and when the stove is lit. Cold air enters the fireplace through the lower vents, heats up and exits into the room through the upper side vents. Combining the chimneys into one pipe allows you to simultaneously operate the fireplace and stove. The stove's firebox can accommodate logs up to 50 cm long. The cleaning door in the drying chamber also serves as a ventilation hole.
Furnace orders
1st row - continuous. It is placed starting from the floor level. At this stage, it is important to maintain the rectangularity and horizontality of the masonry and maintain the dimensions indicated in the drawing.
2nd row. Laying begins with the installation of a cleaning door and a firebox vent cooking oven and a fireplace. Horizontal lines begin to form ventilation ducts fireplace Here and further in the drawing, the bevel on top of the brick is shown by shading with thin solid lines.
3rd row. They begin to form the first horizontal channel of the cooking stove chimney.
4th row. The horizontal ventilation ducts of the fireplace are blocked and a firebox grate is installed. Here and further in order thin line the bricks installed in the previous one are crossed out
row (in in this case- on the edge).
5th row. Install the oven. Between it and the firebox, refractory bricks are laid on edge. The top of the bricks in the firebox on both sides of the grate is cut at an angle (indicated by shading with thin solid lines). The bricks at the transition to the first vertical smoke channel are also cut at an angle.
6th row. Install the firebox door and fireplace grate. Cut off the bottom of the bricks installed along the oven (hereinafter in the order, such a cut is shown by hatching with thin dotted lines).
7-8th rows. They begin to form the internal walls of the fireplace from refractory bricks. The top of the bricks on both sides of the fireplace grate is cut at an angle.
9th row. The top of the oven is covered with a layer of clay mixed with asbestos. Between the oven and the firebox, the top of the refractory bricks is cut at an angle.
10th row. After laying the row, a cast iron slab is installed on top. The outer edge of the furnace is covered with a steel corner.
11th row. The bottom of the bricks of the cooking chamber wall to the left of the cast iron stove is cut off to form a temperature gap between the stove and the bricks. After laying the row, the gap between the slab and bricks is filled with a mortar based on clay and asbestos.
12th row. Install the cleaning door and begin to form the lower transition between the second and third vertical chimney channels with a wall thickness of 1/4 brick.
13th row. Begin to form the slope of the back wall of the fireplace by cutting off the ends of the supporting bricks that form the side walls of the fireplace at a slight angle.
14th row. Using the template, the arch of the fireplace portal is formed from bricks cut into a trapezoid.
15th row. The portal arch is completed with bricks cut at an angle. On the side of the cooking stove, place two corners of of stainless steel. The second and third vertical chimney channels are formed. Round the bottom of the brick installed between them. Starting from this row, the bottom of the bricks of the front wall of the fireplace chimney is cut off to form a fireplace tooth.
16th row. Space above cast iron stove covered with a sheet of tin with holes dia. 8 mm with a step between them of 50 mm. A sheet of tin along the chimney wall is bent down 10 mm for rigidity.
17th row. Install the drying chamber door. The mantelpiece is covered with carefully treated wooden board. Cut off the bottom of the side bricks of the fireplace chimney.
18th row. The formation of the fireplace tooth is completed. Cut off the top of the brick between the first and second vertical channels of the stove chimney.
19th row. Install a cleaning-exhaust door for the drying chamber on the front wall of the fireplace chimney.
20th row. Three corners are placed above the drying chamber: one - to the front wall, two, with vertical shelves facing each other, - every 12 cm. The bricks of the front and side walls of the fireplace chimney are cut off.
21st row. The formation of ventilation ducts is completed. The brick is cut off at the exit from the vertical channel.
22nd row. Install the cleaning door. The ventilation ducts, the first and second vertical channels of the stove chimney are blocked and the formation of a horizontal channel begins. Cut off the top of the bricks of the continuation of the horizontal channel. Cut off the bottom of the bricks of the fireplace chimney walls.
23rd row. Install the fireplace chimney damper. A corner and transverse steel strips with a cross section of 30x3 mm are placed on top along the inner wall of the horizontal channel.
24th row. They cover the vertical and horizontal channels of the stove chimney. Cut off the bottom of the brick of the continuation of the stove chimney.
Both the stove and the fireplace have their own special advantages. The former heat the room faster and use fuel more economically, the latter allow you to enjoy the beauty of a living flame and its warmth. Most rooms do not allow the installation of two heating devices at once. Therefore, most a common question on all sorts of forums is how to combine a stove and fireplace. There are two possible options, we will try to consider each of them in more detail.
Installation of finished equipment
Most easy option combination of these two types heating devices is the purchase and installation already finished products or if there is a need to fold the stove combined with the fireplace. This is possible if space was left for it at an early stage of construction.There are several design solutions for how to combine a fireplace and stove.
- Combination of two combustion chambers in one housing. This method is more acceptable and is in high demand. This design can also be used in traditional options furnace equipment, for example, in a Russian oven. An interesting option is in which the furnace firebox goes into one room, and the fireplace into another.
- Glass door installation. Tempered glass covering the combustion chamber simultaneously allows the equipment to operate in both stove and fireplace modes. Its service life depends on the quality of this type of combustion door. Poorly tempered glass can lose its heat-resistant qualities over time and become unusable.
There are several advantages to this solution. The product is installed in a predetermined location and connected to the chimney as quickly as possible. The costs in this case are minimal.
There are many options for how to combine a fireplace and stove, most of which require coordination with project documentation building and coordination of the project with the relevant authorities.
Combining a fireplace and stove
The difficulty lies in the fact that the cross-sectional diameter of the channels in one and another type of equipment is different, so to carry out such work will require at least the installation of two smoke exhaust systems.It is much easier to combine a fireplace and stove if they are metal. One option for such a connection is the possibility of finishing the equipment using refractory bricks. The stove and fireplace are built into this design.
Nuances associated with combining a fireplace and stove into one design
- Seek advice. Without competent advice from a stove-maker, it is better not to undertake this re-equipment. He should be entrusted with performing all the necessary work.
- Find out the rules and regulations governing the installation and operation of such equipment. For example, you can get information that a modern analogue of a “potbelly stove” can be installed in almost any room without restrictions. The convenience of this option is that some manufacturers not only combine a fireplace and stove, but also make sure that such equipment is sold completely ready for use. Such models also include a chimney, so it can be installed almost anywhere in the house.
- Invite a master. Only a competent stove maker can handle the conversion or creation of a new combination stove.
The ability to combine a fireplace and stove, in addition to aesthetic value, also has economic benefits. Coefficient useful action grows to 80-85%.
Fireplace and stove - what's the difference?
Is there a difference between how a room is heated using a fireplace and a stove? At first glance, it seems that if it exists, it is insignificant. In fact, beauty, as noted in one proverb, requires sacrifice, and in this case, their role is played by heat loss, which is associated with combustion in the fireplace.The fact is that the heating of the room mainly occurs due to the heat that comes out of the combustion chamber. A large percentage of hot air simply goes outside. The design of the stove allows you to accumulate this heat and use it to warm the walls, which are the source of heating the room.
If you can combine the level of heating of the room that a conventional stove has with the beauty of natural cain, you can reduce the heat loss coefficient. Therefore, it is economically profitable to install a stove combined with a fireplace or install ready-made combined equipment. There are several other advantages of this design:
- Possibility of cooking. Some models have space for an oven and have a hob. The only significant drawback is that the heating mode can only be controlled by reducing the fuel, which is not always convenient.
- Using combined equipment as the main heat source. In this case, a water circuit is installed in the combustion chamber.
Combining a brick stove and fireplace may be right not only because of the aesthetic value, but also because of the economic benefits. This solution also increases the efficiency of heating the house and makes it possible to use the fireplace as the main source of heating.
Fireplaces never go out of style. They are constantly changing and improving. Not long ago, a new product appeared on the market: a fireplace that combines the functions of a stove and a hob. This device has a number of advantages over a conventional fireplace.
The main difference between a stove - a fireplace and just a fireplace - is the ability to cook food on it. There are models with hob and with an oven, but the latter are much smaller. The oven should not be confused with the oven in which bread is baked. Wood burns in the stove and the temperature here is much higher than in the oven, which is heated by the heat from the firebox.
For stationary fireplace a foundation is required, but a stove - fireplace does not need it. It can be installed on absolutely any surface. Its cost is not high compared to a full-fledged fireplace, and the costs of its installation are generally minimal. It is universal and will easily become part of any interior. The stove also serves as both a heat source and a means of cooking.
A fireplace-stove with a hob is an indispensable thing for a residential cottage or country house, where there are often problems with gas supply or power outages. Having a fireplace combined with an oven in a country house, you can easily prepare both a light romantic dinner for two and a full-fledged banquet for a large party. And later you can enjoy its warmth and the glow of the flame, sitting comfortably in front of it on a fluffy carpet. He will not let you suffer from cold and hunger in the literal sense of the word.
The material used to make fireplace stoves may vary. Let's look at the main options.
Made of cast iron
Its ancestor is the potbelly stove, improved in accordance with modern requirements. Cast iron is famous for its excellent heat transfer and resistance to high temperatures.
Cast iron fireplaces are classified according to their shape:
- with streamlined shapes - round and oval
- polygonal - in the shape of a square, rectangle, there are even triangular ones
According to the type of installation, furnaces are divided into:
- built-in
- attached to the wall
- free-standing (island option)
Types of fuel on which cast iron stoves and fireplaces operate:
- firewood
- Coal
- pallets – waste from processing of the above products.
Some stoves can only run on one type of fuel, but there are options for mixed combustion products.
Brick
Ideally, the arrangement of a fireplace combined with a panel and an oven is laid out initial stage construction. In all other cases, it will be necessary to carry out global reconstruction of the entire house.
However, if we compare a stove with an oven and a brick panel with a similar option made of cast iron, then it has undeniable advantages. A brick stove retains heat much longer than a cast iron stove.
Such fireplaces finished form does not exist. They are made according to a special project, which must be ordered from a specialist - unless, of course, you are fluent in this skill. The services of such masters are expensive, but this is not the case when you can save money. If the stove is laid out incorrectly, then you will not get heat from it, nor will you get tasty food. Incorrect draft will not allow the stove to burn with full force. Soot and carbon monoxide will go into the room, and you risk getting poisoned.
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Metal
Unlike a brick fireplace, a metal fireplace with stove and stove functions is very compact and portable. This unit allows you not only to cook and fry food, but also to dry vegetables and fruits, as well as smoke meat and fish.
Metal stoves heat up almost immediately and begin to produce heat. By duct warm air moves, heating the room. In such fireplaces, the wood smolderes slowly, which allows you to get more heat. And even after the wood burns out, the stove remains warm for a long time. There is practically no need for supervision - it is enough to load the firewood once and the heat in the room is ensured for a long time.
Principle of operation
A classic solid fuel stove consists of several parts:
- The portal is the front part of the stove, which is decorated with various accessories.
- The firebox is the chamber where the fuel combustion process occurs;
- Smoke chamber chamber closed type, in which all combustion waste is collected. From this chamber, carbon monoxide and smoke flow through an outlet into the chimney.
- Chimney. A vertical pipe responsible for creating air draft in the firebox and removing smoke;
- Hob for cooking food.
The oven consists of two sections. Firewood is placed in the upper part. Ashes are poured into the lower part - the ash pan. This compartment can be closed decorative grille. The hob is located directly on top. When the cooking process begins, the combustion intensity can be adjusted using draft. The hob may have decorative cover, which protects it from dust when not in use. Through clear glass The oven compartment doors allow you to observe the combustion process.
Food cooked on open fire, significantly differs in taste from food cooked on a conventional stove. And the aesthetic pleasure of watching a live fire and the warmth emanating from the fireplace will make even the most simple interior cozy.
Today, manufacturers offer various configurations of bathhouses heating devices– wood, gas, liquid fuel. But their cost is often off the scale, and the fact that it will fit in a particular bathhouse is not guaranteed. However, what is made with my own hands- for centuries. If you are wondering how to weld a sauna stove yourself, it is not too difficult, you just need to arm yourself with instructions and advice from stove makers. In the article we will give detailed recommendations and advice, the main thing is that you need to follow technology and safety and think through every stage of furnace work.
Modern devices made with your own hands, in terms of functionality and appearance can be compared with factory ones. At correct production they are also economical, compact and do not require special care. Depending on the specifics of the bathhouse, the design can be made for firewood, liquid or other fuel. However, it must meet the requirements:
- Optimal power and the ability to control and adjust it. For example, the heating power of a stove may be acceptable for a timber bathhouse, but unsuitable in power for a frame bathhouse.
- A heat accumulator and a steam generator are necessary to regulate humidity and temperature conditions.
- Convection adjustment.
- There are no surfaces whose heating can reach 150C.
Hot and cold configuration options
The device configuration can be hot or cold depending on temperature regime stove walls. With a hot construction, the walls heat up to 100°C, as a result of which the steam room also heats up. Such a bath heats up quickly, and this has become an advantage for steam rooms where there is no constant heating and which are used infrequently. Cold-type devices are not suitable for such steam rooms. Their disadvantage is the high possibility of overheating and turning into a sauna, which is not always safe for the human body.
The advantage of cold-type devices that require long-term heating is high level safety, because in such a bath it is impossible to get burned. Heating with this configuration is carried out through special channels that absorb cool air from the floor, pass it through the fire and release it through the top, already heated to optimal temperature, but not scalding.
Technology and stages of welding a furnace yourself
So, let’s figure out how to cook a sauna stove yourself. To do this, you can use sheets of steel or a ready-made large pipe that does not need to be cut. Thick-walled steel pipes are the most commonly used material for the manufacture of sauna heating equipment. Its hermetically welded body guarantees complete safety for those in the steam room, and its functionality will exceed all expectations. Another advantage is that such a device does not require special fencing. You can cook such a sauna stove in a few hours, you just need the desire and some tools.
Laying the foundation
Make it sustainable first concrete foundation 25-30 cm in height. After it has dried, lay out a 70x70 cm brick platform on a clay mortar. We recommend using refractory bricks for these purposes. As a result, the edge of the area should be 15-20 cm above the floor level. Then, protect the walls from overheating - for this, a brick screen is made on ribs laid on a clay mixture. Its height is made at least 120 cm, and the distance from the oven to the screen is 20 cm.
Sauna stove assembly technology
To make a sauna stove yourself and enjoy it at any time, the following design elements are required: steel pipe with a diameter of 50 cm and a length of 1.5 m. The walls should not be thicker than 1 cm so that it does not take too much time to warm up.
The pipe must be divided into two pieces 60 and 90 cm long, the larger one will be used for installing the firebox and heater, and the small one will be used as a water tank. Let's get to work and start cooking the stove for the bathhouse.
Precautionary measures
As it turns out, welding a sauna stove yourself does not require any special skills. In order to avoid making a bomb from the stove, you need to avoid gross mistakes and follow certain rules. For example, in the case of a strong draft of the stove, we recommend making a damper in the chimney in advance, and it should not be tightly fixed.
An important point is to prevent soot from igniting. For this purpose, you need to install the afterburner in a horizontal configuration - weld a horizontal container with a depth of half the furnace. Next, at the top of the pipe, cut two holes in the furnace wall, separating the main chamber from the entrance to it. To prevent soot, bend the tubes inward. Thanks to this configuration, the amount of oxygen will be increased, which will help burn the combustion end products and reduce soot deposition. We told you how to weld a sauna stove, and we hope that your homemade sauna structure will become your pride!
Summarizing
So, if you have the desire and some skills, you can independently make a simple and reliable one metal structure. The advantage of this method is the smaller volume welding work than when using solid sheets of metal. However, before starting work, we recommend that you carefully check the pipes for corrosion and rust, because they have been under pressure for a long time. open air. Problem areas can be initially sealed with patches or the necessary ones can be cut out technological holes directly in problem areas.