Why does a jigsaw cut at an angle? Smooth cutting of material with a jigsaw

When sawing laminated chipboard jigsaw has to deal with the following problems:

uneven cutting line
chips on the surface of the chipboard

non-perpendicularity of the end

To solve these problems, there are the following methods.

To ensure an even cutting line, it is recommended to use bimetallic files. They cut better and, therefore, the likelihood that the file will move to the side decreases. It is also recommended to use a file with set teeth ( T144DF), then the cut is as smooth as possible. The same file will provide an end strictly perpendicular to the surface due to its thickness.

To get a perfectly even cut, you can use clamps to attach it to the part to be cut. metal corner parallel to the cut line at some distance from it. For various models For jigsaws, this distance may be different, for example, for a jigsaw Makita 4329 it is equal to 37 mm

The disadvantage of this file is that it is too big size teeth, resulting in many chips. To avoid this, you can use a special anti-splinter liner and/or stick it on the chipboard along the cut line masking tape from the top side (or better yet from both). In this way you can achieve almost perfect quality I drank it away. If you are professionally engaged in the manufacture of furniture, then this method certainly will not work (insufficient quality and low productivity), but for homemade furniture will do just fine.

You can also use a file T318BF. It is specially designed for sawing laminated chipboards and provides a clean cut with virtually no chips. But unlike T144DF it is not so thick and its teeth are not so far apart, as a result of which there is a high probability that the file will move away and the cut will turn out to be uneven.

Home » Tools for working in the country.

An electric jigsaw is the most convenient and universal tool For complex work on wood. With its help you can produce artistic carving, preparing various parts for carpentry and solving other problems.

Operating procedure

To obtain best result work, you need to know how to cut correctly with a jigsaw.

The material being processed must be securely fastened. Poor workpiece fastening is one of the main causes of errors when cutting. The jigsaw can jump off, go off the markings, or even go in an arc. By the way, if the jigsaw cuts crookedly, check whether the direction of the cut coincides with the direction of the fibers.
If this is the case, then it is better to make a cut circular saw.
When it becomes necessary to make a cut on the inside of the workpiece, you should first drill a hole at the starting point.
When working with the tool, do not use much force. An electric tool cuts wood quite well and without excessive pressure. If you apply serious force to advance the jigsaw, the saw and motor will become very hot and the risk of damage increases. Besides, overpressure - main reason chipped
When cutting hardwood, it is advisable to add a little machine oil to the blade.
Sometimes you have to work at low speeds. In this case, it is necessary to take frequent breaks from work, as the saw becomes very hot.

Accuracy problems

Let's look at how to cut smoothly with a jigsaw:

The object to be processed must be securely fastened. Moreover, in such a way that it would be convenient to make the cut.
In cases of particular uncertainty or for greater guarantee of accuracy, it makes sense to use guides. When making straight cuts, you can use it as a guide. wooden block, fixed along the marking. If the cut shape is complex, then the situation becomes more complicated. In this case, you can use patterns, if any, or you will have to reduce the speed of work by more carefully guiding the jigsaw.
One of the options why a jigsaw cuts crookedly is problems with the saw. It may be dull or have chipped teeth. If you notice that the jigsaw literally turns itself wherever it likes, inspect the saw.
Jigsaw failure. For example, if the motor runs jerkily, the likelihood of a crooked cut increases sharply. Likewise, other mechanism failures can lead to a decrease in accuracy. Such problems are difficult to eliminate on site, as they require diagnostics and, possibly, repairs.
Finally, the accuracy of the work is greatly influenced by the skill of the performer. If you are a novice carpenter, do not be discouraged by periodic failures: accuracy comes with experience.

Chips

Another serious question is how to cut with a jigsaw without chipping? These are usually formed:

when pressing the instrument excessively;
when working on thin material near edges without reinforcing stops;
when using unsuitable (worn) saws.

Avoid these actions and you will reduce the likelihood of chipping to a minimum. Also, some models allow the use of special anti-splinter inserts for jigsaws.

Anyone who has ever had to cut laminated chipboard or wood with a jigsaw knows that the material is almost never without chips.

Of course you can use special files for finishing cuts.

Smooth cutting of material with a jigsaw

For example this one. But even they do not always provide a chip-free cut. So what should we do?

Let's look at why chips occur. Watch how the chip appears. When the finishing saw goes down, the teeth come out of the material, practically without sawing it or forming any chips. On the contrary, they saw upwards and the teeth at the exit catch the material and break it out. In wood, neighboring fibers cling; in laminated chipboard, chips stick together with the coating.

Now try sawing two layers of chipboard at once. You will find that the bottom layer has been sawn clean on both sides. If you think a little, it is not difficult to understand why this happened.

This happened because upper layer The laminated chipboard did not allow chips to form.

By carrying out these small observations and experiments, you can quite easily solve the problem of cutting with a jigsaw without chipping. So what should you do?

I would like to draw your attention to the fact that when drilling holes, the same picture is observed: at the exit of the drill, chips also easily form, so you need to press some unnecessary part from the exit side of the drill when drilling through holes.

Alexander Klimov

Carpentry tricks Jan 21, 2014

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Smooth cut with a jigsaw. How?

Homemade device for precise cutting of boards with a hand-held circular saw

With a standard hand-held circular saw it is extremely difficult to make precise cross-cutting of boards. Getting the perfect cut in accordance with the markings allows you to simply homemade device, easily made from scraps in your home workshop.

The saw is designed for perpendicular cuts of boards ranging from 100mm to 250mm wide in 50mm increments, but can be easily modified to suit your needs.

How does a handheld circular saw attachment work?

The device in question is extremely simple and consists of only a few parts: a base for the saw, a guide rail, a thrust block and an eccentric clamp that ensures reliable fixation even on lumber that has been loosened with slight deviations in width.

Diagram of a device for a hand-held circular saw.

The homemade product is very easy to use. First, markings are made on the board.

Then a homemade device is installed on top, the lower stop of which is pressed against the edge of the workpiece, and the right edge is aligned with the mark.

Photo of a device for a circular saw.

Photo of the device - view from the bottom.

Now all that remains is to place the circular saw on the base and make the cut, pressing the edge of the sole against the guide side stop.

Cross cutting of boards using a manufactured device.

The result will be a perfectly even cut that exactly follows the markings.

With this device it is convenient to make many cross cuts when you need to frequently move the tool to a new cutting line, for example, when making grooves in beams. It is also useful if it is necessary to reduce the length of the workpiece by several millimeters, and it will cope with this task no worse than a miter saw.

How to make a device with your own hands

The cutting device is made for a specific model of power tool. On your circular saw, measure the distance from the engine to the bottom plane of the sole and subtract 5 mm. The result obtained is the height of the guide stop.

Removal required sizes circular saw.

Prepare a plywood base with right angles and wooden slats with parallel edges.

Blanks for assembling a device for cross-cutting with a circular saw.

Measure the distance from cutting disc to the edge of the sole.

Add an allowance of 6–10 mm and install a guide rail at this distance from the right end of the plywood. Secure the plank with countersunk screws, ensuring its strictly perpendicular position.

Screw the stop block on the back side and fix the device on the workbench.

Cut the plywood to the final width with a circular saw, creating a reference edge for precise positioning of the jig along the markings.

Draw a template for the cam clamp cam on paper.

Drawing of an eccentric clamp.

Mark the piece on 10mm plywood and use an awl to mark the center of the drill hole for the bolt.

Cut the workpiece with a jigsaw.

Make a washer with a diameter of 50 mm from the same plywood using a ballerina extendable wood drill.

Sand the workpieces and select an M6 or M8 furniture bolt with a mustache (or with a square headrest), a handwheel nut, a washer and a bushing. The latter can be made from a tube of suitable diameter. The length of the sleeve is the total thickness of the base, lever and plywood washer.

Ready-made plywood eccentric.

Make holes in the base with a drill according to the diameter of the bushing, which serve to rearrange the eccentric clamp according to the width of the board being cut.

Hole drilling diagram.

Assemble the eccentric mechanism: insert a bolt with a sleeve on top, and install a wooden washer, the cam itself and a steel washer from below. Tighten the parts with a nut.

Stick with inside stop strip sandpaper to prevent slipping when the eccentric is locked, which can occur when the device is fastened to a smoothly planed workpiece.

The clamping system of this device has a stroke that ensures fastening on boards with a spread of approximately 10 mm in width. If you need to cut or trim pieces of a different size, simply place a wooden block in front of the stop beam.

An example of using a device for cross-cutting a board of smaller width with a hand-held circular saw.

If desired, the potential of the considered device can be expanded by adding a cutting angle of 45°. To do this you will need to slightly increase the dimensions. support platform and install the second thrust block at this angle.

How to cut smoothly with a jigsaw? This question interests many, especially at a time when a person is engaged in construction. This tool helps you cope with a complex task. But what is it? In terms of appearance and main purpose, it is comparable to a saw that has an electric drive. In this case, you can cut various materials:

Wood products.
Metal constructions.
Plastic.
Tiles.

And it’s not that difficult to do any kind of work. According to the masters, the main thing is to create all the conditions to make it convenient to work. How to cut smoothly with a jigsaw? The first is to use only a flat and stable surface. The material to be cut must be firmly fixed, and a saw of the required sharpness and size must be selected.

This saw is considered unique because it can work on almost all materials. In addition, she not only does straight lines. With its help you can create curved cuts. But before you start the process, it’s worth understanding which jigsaws cut smoothly and efficiently.

Work system

To fully understand the process, you need to first prepare everything. Here's what you need if you're working on wood:

Any piece of wood.
Electric jigsaw.
Personal protective equipment - glasses, gloves.
Machine oil.

Requirements

The very first thing is to securely and firmly secure the material on which the work will be carried out. It also happens that an error occurs and the jigsaw begins to cut unevenly. It is worth finding out the reason, otherwise you will not be able to achieve the desired cut. This is the stability of the table, as well as the reliability of fastening the material. Making even cuts with such a tool is not so difficult, but if you choose the direction along the fibers, nothing will work. Although people with experience can cope even with such a task.

How to cut smoothly with a jigsaw? If such a need is required for a person without experience, then the following steps must be taken: rip fence. To do this, on one side it is attached to the jigsaw, and on the other side it is fixed to the edge of the tree. This is how you can make the cut smooth and free of fiber residue.

Everyone can find out the structure of this unit in the instructions. When purchasing, managers give a lot of recommendations. Each manufacturer includes instructions, this is no less helpful information, and it's worth studying. Everything should happen in stages; if questions arise, they need to be resolved, and not continue to work “at random.”

Making holes

How to cut smoothly with a jigsaw, for example, a hole? Often this is what you need to do. In order to install the jigsaw in the center of the future hole, a small hole is made, after which the cutting unit is inserted there. Then they simply walk along the marked line of the circle. The same is done rectangular shape(namely, you need to move the saw along the side of the rectangle). But the corners smoothly bend. Next you need to cut out the next side.

Another important point during work - do not press hard on the jigsaw. This condition is often violated by beginners, which leads to overheating and then breakdown. In addition, one saw should not be used constantly, otherwise it will become dull and snag the material being cut.

Durable materials cutting is not so easy. To make the procedure quick, machine oil is used. They provide lubrication during the process, and the work goes quickly. Low speed is another problem with such tools. The fact is that overheating occurs again. No one excluded safety precautions, and even at home you should not forget about glasses and gloves.

When all procedures are completed, it is worth wiping the equipment and lubricating it with machine oil. Installations with conventional and pendulum stroke are available on sale. The first option differs in that the movement occurs upward on any material. If there is a pendulum stroke and upward movement, an additional knife is thrown forward. This allows you to increase the work process without significantly wearing out the saw.

Features of the operation

How to cut smoothly with a jigsaw? Before starting work, you should find out the whole process, otherwise you will not be able to achieve the desired result. Often when working with any materials it is necessary to create a cut with maximum precision. It is the jigsaw with electric drive will handle this job.

Here's what you need for this:

Material for work.
Jigsaw.
Guiding tools.
Clamps.
Pencil.
Construction tape.

Let's get started

The movement of the cutting blade must occur precisely in order for the cut to be obtained as desired. It's good when the frequency of movement is high. To do this, take a saw of maximum width (this is suitable for wood). The main thing in this process is the use of a guide. A flat board or batten becomes the main assistant.

You can't do without clamps. They contain a workpiece and a guide. The material to be cut should be placed on a slight elevation. This helps keep the jigsaw from resting. After which the distance that should be cut is fixed. A tape measure is used for this. Afterwards the marks are applied using a pencil. Then, using any ruler, these marks are connected, and a cutting line is obtained.

What to do next?

Next you need to secure the guide in a certain place. Clamps help with this. Fixation is performed from the cutting line. After this, you need to position the electrical device with a saw to the cutting line. Now press the guide and also fix it; there should be no movement, but you shouldn’t press too hard either.

Then they move to the second side and also fix it. The level of fastening is maximum, but do not forget that some materials can be pressed through. When the whole process is completed, you need to move on to the first clamp. Install it correctly and clamp it. Only after this can you begin to make an even cut. Otherwise, you won't be able to do quality work.

Now you can turn on the jigsaw and begin the process itself. The speed is high, the pendulum stroke should be at unity. And the tool itself is placed so that the file is on the cutting line. Only after this will the work be completed efficiently, and the line itself will be smooth and impeccable.

Do not forget a single moment - if a person does not have experience, then any mistake becomes fatal. Especially when you need to cut parts, the number of which is limited. Experts recommend learning to perform all actions on any unnecessary material and only after that begin the main work.

What else do you need to know?

Any device has additional accessories. They allow you to make the whole process more precise and simplify things. It is believed that cutting plywood with a jigsaw is the simplest process, since the material has no large thickness. Sometimes you need to saw small parts. How to cut plywood smoothly with a jigsaw? This will be simplified if you have a special table. It mostly comes with this electric tool, although many people create it themselves after purchasing it.

The use of a clamp is always necessary. The same applies to the table - it is secured using such an installation. But the cutting process occurs in reverse side. But the movement is produced not by electrical equipment, but by a part. Experts believe that this way the lines are accurate and correct.

Many beginners may encounter such a problem as saw clamping. But how to deal with this? Many people often use a replacement plate. It refers to additional tools. At the same time, the material used to create such a component is very different. And it is fixed to the base of the electrical installation. And with the use of such components as a guide bar and an adapter, an accurate line is obtained.

Sometimes, when sawing, the material begins to heat up, and the process will simply slow down. In such a situation, the material will need to be cooled. To do this, use a simple cold water. It is fixed on the support sole. People often have questions about how to evenly cut laminate flooring with a jigsaw. Everyone knows that it is a tree, for this reason the same principle applies to it. In the process of laying laminate boards, it is precisely this tool that helps make the process easier.

It is better to make the cut from the back side, and use the smallest saw for this. This helps to avoid deformation along the cut line. It is with metal parts that heating occurs. Here you need cold liquid, and for the tool - machine oil. To create a cutting line of any shape, take the most thin saw. Another addition is the circle cutter. Before installing it, make a hole in the center.

Curved cut

When creating a curved cut, a problem arises - the material begins to move. Therefore, before starting work, the table is well secured (and the part itself too).

How to cut chipboard evenly with a jigsaw?

This question interests everyone. It is important to carefully go around the corners, but you can make a circle in the part only after all other cuts are completed. For such work, a main saw is used. It's quite enough. Do not use force on the tool. Working with such a tool should take place in several stages:

When working with hard materials, use machine oil and coolant.
When working at high speeds, you need to rest, otherwise the equipment will overheat and fail.
Compliance with safety precautions, use of gloves and glasses.
At the end of work, the device is wiped and lubricated with oil.

There are also manual units. How to cut correctly and evenly with a hand jigsaw? It's easier because you can stop and make corrections, although many people think the opposite. In any case, a jigsaw is considered an indispensable piece of equipment for the home. Because it works on any surface and creates smooth cuts. If possible, you need to purchase it. It definitely won’t be superfluous in the household.

A jigsaw is an electric saw that is an indispensable item in every home. With this tool you can cut metal constructions, wooden items, plastic and tiles. Unlike a standard saw, a jigsaw can be used to cut the most intricate figures– circles, triangles, stars, in general, almost everything you can imagine. However, with such extensive possibilities, a problem often arises in moving the jigsaw smoothly so that the resulting lines correspond to the planned ones. How to cut smoothly with a jigsaw? Let us help you figure this out.

In order to get started, it is necessary to carry out preliminary activities and prepare:

gloves;
protective glasses;
machine oil;
the material we will process;
clamps guiding the tape measure;
construction pencil;
the jigsaw itself.

The sawing process is carried out as follows:

Some features of the process

Initially you need to select the right file for a jigsaw. The variety of files allows you to choose the option that will correspond to both the material of the original workpiece and the final desired result.

In general, a jigsaw can be either pendulum or conventional. In the second option for smooth cut the blade must be moved clearly vertically, cutting the material upward. Due to the high speed generated, the blade wears out more slowly.

When working with a pendulum tool, the principle is essentially the same, only the preferred material for processing is soft wood or plastic, there may be difficulties with steel.

In order to make a straight cut, you need to choose a wide blade; it is better if the jigsaw has a “Smooth start” function, which will allow you to avoid sudden movements at the initial stage. If necessary, sawing round hole First you need to drill the original version, into which the necessary file is inserted. The cutting itself is carried out according to the markings. If the original version cannot be cut out, then it is required plunge cutting method. To do this, the jigsaw is tilted at an angle until it comes into contact with the material, this allows you to do through hole, and then do what is necessary according to the markings.

If you need frequent circular sawing, it is advisable to purchase additional device, called a circle cutter.

It is allowed to cut along the edge of the workpiece, but you must make sure that it is initially even, otherwise the jigsaw will cut crookedly. If the edge is uneven, then only correct marking can correct this.

When working with wooden sheets small thickness there is a risk of chipping. To prevent this, the sheet should be placed down front side .

For smooth sawing panels exist special devices, so-called machines. They can be vertical or horizontal.

The names speak for themselves. In the first case, the panels are installed vertically, the beam mounted on the guides acts as a bracket. Possibility of turning it up to right angle allows you to saw off material in any plane. Horizontal option assumes the presence of a table for sawing, the mechanism itself and a carriage that ensures the movement of the file along.

Rules for straight cutting

Thus, in order to make a cut correctly and evenly, you must adhere to the following rules:

Carefully select a file that is suitable for your source material.
Prepare all necessary auxiliary items.
Carefully secure the workpiece.
Take into account the correct location of the workpiece so that you do not have to correct flaws - in some cases the blade is positioned front part down.
Practice the technique of operating the device with the help of professionals or through a training video.
Follow safety precautions carefully.

In fact, processing products with a jigsaw is not so difficult task, which any novice carpenter can do. Even if an even and neat cut does not work out right away, you should not despair: you need to soberly assess what nuances you may not have paid attention to. And you shouldn’t ignore the advice of professionals who can speed up the process of mastering the art of sawing with a jigsaw and reveal some secrets. Try and improve!

A jigsaw is a very common tool among amateur and professional carpenters, so it is important not only to choose it correctly, but also to know the rules of use. To answer the question of how to cut smoothly with a jigsaw, it is necessary to take into account a number of nuances related to the specifics of the jigsaw and the stages of cutting.

Choosing the right tool

Choose the right tool A few recommendations from experienced specialists will help you get started.

For cutting at home, a household or semi-professional D-shaped jigsaw, which can be operated with one hand, is sufficient. How more power, the heavier the jigsaw, and it will be more difficult for it to cut smoothly.

A step speed controller, an electronic stabilizer and a pendulum stroke will greatly facilitate the cutting process. The presence of a plastic pad on the sole will allow you to securely secure the machine to the cutting blade. Useful features include built-in airflow and lighting.

It is worth paying attention to the fastening of the canvas. Some models have a restriction that does not allow the use of any file.

Each jigsaw model differs in shape, so before purchasing it is worth holding the tool in your hand, and, if possible, testing it directly in the store.

Selection of cutting blade

Jigsaw blades vary in length and frequency of teeth. It is worth giving preference to proven brands, in this case there is a quality guarantee for the metal, and the cut will be smooth. Files are classified by tooth configuration:

teeth on standard models same size located at equal distances and in the same direction;
the so-called skip-tooth file is distinguished by the absence of teeth, due to which the cutting speed increases, the blade heats up and jams less, and chips from the surface are removed to the side;
In the case of double teeth, the cutting speed is lower, but the quality of the cut is better. The chips are removed from the cut;
For reverse blades, some of the teeth are directed upward. Using such a tool, you can cut laminated chipboard and other wood with a jigsaw without chipping, since upper teeth trim the material during the reverse movement.

The specific thickness of the blade depends on the material to be worked with, but the basic ones for the manual model are No. 3, No. 5, No. 7.

Marking the cut line

To cut the material evenly with a jigsaw, you need to correctly mark the cutting line and securely fix the workpiece on the surface. If you have to work with a long blade, you should use a flat rail as a guide and two clamps to secure it and the working material. It is necessary to act in a certain sequence.

First you need to make markings on the chipboard using a ruler. To do this, the required distance is measured on both sides, the marks are connected, forming a cut line. To make a curly line, it is advisable to draw it on paper and then transfer it to wood using carbon paper, having previously sanded the surface.

To cut a circle with a jigsaw, markings are applied with a construction pencil or black marker to the surface using a pre-made stencil made of thick paper or cardboard. In this case, cutting the material begins by drilling a hole in the center. The blade should move from the center to the marking line, and then along the perimeter of the circle.

Important! A jigsaw is inherently designed for curved cuts; cutting it exactly in a straight line is quite difficult. You must constantly monitor the line and point the tool slightly to the side.

To avoid chipping on finished surface During work, the file is not guided along the mark, but near it. The laser guide on the jigsaw will help you cut smoothly.

Fastening material

To keep the cutting line straight, working surface should be as stable, rigid and durable as possible. When working at home, this may be regular table with reliable legs and a flat tabletop.

The board is fixed to the surface using clamps secured on both sides with moderate force. The sheet to be processed must be positioned in such a way that the tool does not rest against the surface during operation. To prevent pressure from being applied to the saw during the cutting process, you can weigh down the protruding edge hanging from the surface using an attached weight.

Cutting technology

They begin sawing after securing the workpiece and applying markings. To do this, you need to turn on the jigsaw, set the maximum speed level and adjust the pendulum stroke by setting it to number 1.

You need to bring the file to the marking line, press the side of the platform against the guide and start working. When moving the jigsaw forward, you need to monitor the location of the platform. Do not deviate from the guide. When there are a few centimeters left to the end of the canvas, you need to carefully hold the free edge, avoiding breaking. At this point the process can be considered complete. To prevent the cut from turning out crooked, it is worth remembering a number of nuances:

During operation, do not press too hard on the electric jigsaw, otherwise the file will break;
cutting steel sheet, you must select a tool with maximum power and work at high speed - when heated, the steel softens and becomes more pliable;
processing plastic, laminate, organic glass or stainless steel, it is necessary to provide additional cooling of the file and periodically take breaks so that the tool has time to cool down;
to prevent the plastic from melting during processing, it is necessary to set the minimum speed with a frequency of 1000 rpm;
the figured cut will be smooth if you choose a narrow file with small teeth;
After finishing the work, the electrical device should be cleaned of sawdust and placed in a special case.

Professional builders advise adhering to certain rules to help avoid mistakes that will not be easy to correct.

When choosing a file, you need to start from the material you are working with: plastic, thin or thick metal, plywood, solid wood. You should prepare in advance all additional items that may be needed during the cutting, marking and fastening process. Special attention it is necessary to pay attention to fixing the material to the surface.

Note! To avoid defects, the canvas should be positioned face down.

It is best to try the sawing technique in advance and practice sawing with a jigsaw on unnecessary workpieces, because a crooked line will be difficult to correct. Safety precautions should not be neglected; you should use safety glasses and wear gloves when sawing.

Mistakes when working with a jigsaw

If the technological subtleties are taken into account, but the cut line turns out to be crooked and with many chips, there may be several reasons.

The master has little experience working with a jigsaw. You need to practice more and as a result you will be able to cut as it should.

The material is not secured securely enough and moves out of place when cutting, or is fixed inconveniently for the person doing the work.

If the process is performed by a worker without experience, it is necessary to use guides, and during production complex shapes- a special pattern. If this is not possible, the quality of the cut can be improved by reducing the speed.

The main reason why a crooked cut is obtained is a malfunction of the tool or blade. In this case, there is a high probability of chipping, the file moving to the side and becoming dull. An incorrectly selected blade for a specific material will lead to it breaking repeatedly during work and the result will be of poor quality. It is worth carefully inspecting the jigsaw and eliminating the damage.

Too much emphasis on the jigsaw leads to excess pressure, which also negatively affects the final cut.

To cut material with a jigsaw, it is not necessary to have many years of carpentry experience; it is important to listen to the advice of professionals and follow the technology for working with the tool.

An electric jigsaw is the most convenient and versatile tool for complex woodworking. With its help, you can produce artistic carvings, prepare various parts for carpentry and solve other problems.