The last meters were drilled, the well gave water. Can we consider the job done? It turns out - no! The last technological operation remains - pumping the well. If you neglect it, the case can safely be considered ruined.
This especially applies to shafts drilled using a mud-wash solution. Clay particles tightly clog the pores and cracks of the aquifer, preventing water from passing through to the filter system; it is necessary to remove clay inclusions and “pump” the well.
When pumping water from a new water intake, you need to pay attention to its condition - dirty, cloudy liquid is supplied from the well, unsuitable not only for domestic consumption, but also for irrigation.
There is only one conclusion - you need to flush the aquifer from drilling residues, which is why pumping is used. The process occurs with the continuous removal of water from the water intake, stimulating its intensive influx and leaching of drilling products. If you do not pump the well, all the turbidity will settle to the bottom and walls of the casing and completely paralyze the water intake.
Using a standard pump from a well kit for this process is impractical. There, expensive imported units with high performance. And the pump for pumping, as a rule, is a centrifugal pump with a capacity of at least 3 m 3 / hour; most likely, it will fail during such operation or will require disassembly, washing and cleaning during the pumping process.
You will also need a long enough hose to divert the water away from the well. This will prevent it from flowing back into the well and the need for complex land reclamation if the pulp is drained on the site.
The procedure for performing work when flushing the water intake
When water appears in the well, it is necessary to interrupt drilling and establish the actual values of the static and dynamic levels, as well as, to a first approximation, the flow rate of the well. If its indicator is low, drill further, achieving complete opening of the formation. Further actions:
- Lower the flushing pump into the well until it stops, then lift it above the bottom of the well to a height of 70 - 80 centimeters and begin pumping out water. To place the pump in the well, you need to use a thin cable with a large margin of safety. If the unit is skewed inside the pipe or the pump is sucked into a mass of silt or sand, it can be reliably removed. When using the cord supplied with the pump for this purpose, there are frequent cases of its loss in the well;
- after 1.5 - 2.0 hours of continuous operation of the pump, you need to remove it from the well, disassemble the working chamber and thoroughly clean it and Working wheel from pollution;
- At the same time, it is advisable to install a bottom gravel filter by pouring 30 to 50 kilograms of gravel in a mixture of medium and fine fractions into the casing pipe, casing you need to lift and lower 5 – 7 times, allowing the filter mass to spill beyond the limits limited by the pipe;
- lower the pump into the well, set it to the same level of immersion and further pumping can be continued;
- control of the immersion depth of the pump is needed in order to most effectively remove polluting components from the well; if it is lowered lower, it will quickly become clogged with dirt, if higher, it simply will not remove it and it will precipitate.
When concluding an agreement with a contractor, you need to especially pay attention to the inclusion of a clause on the complete flushing of the water intake, otherwise the customer will be forced to independently decide how to pump the well after drilling with his own hands.
It is necessary to pump the well until clean water and gravel filter products appear in the drain. How long this will take depends on the nature of the soil and the drilling method.
Cleaning time for different wells
It’s already becoming clear how to flush a well, now let’s determine how much time it takes to get rid of silt and unnecessary sand:
- for wells for upstream water and the second sandy horizon, it is necessary to flush for 6–12 hours, while acting correctly, you can obtain high-quality water intake with sufficient flow rate;
- The most difficult process is cleaning the water intake in the gravel aquifer. The easy penetration of flushing solutions into the formation causes a wide area of contamination, so flushing is usually not possible quickly. To completely clean the water intake, water has to be pumped out for weeks, and the volume of dirty liquid sometimes reaches about 500 cubic meters. This is the reason for the high cost of such water intakes;
- It’s a little easier to flush the water intake for limestone. Typically, the aquifer is a fractured structure of this material with many capillaries, so viscous clay is washed out of them extremely reluctantly, and the time spent is not much less than when cleaning gravel wells;
- great success will be opening the water lens or achieving a clean water layer at artesian depths. In these cases, you can do the flushing with your own hands in a few hours if the source is properly opened.
Compressor pumping of a well
How to pump properly compressed air, is known to any driller. This method is used when there is no electricity at the work site. Mobile compressors with internal combustion engines are used, capable of supplying 2 cubic meters of air per hour to the water intake shaft.
Air is supplied to the bottom of the pit through a perforated metal tube with a plugged end. Air rises through the well pipe, carrying particles of sludge with it and carrying them out.
If the casing diameter is more than 5 inches, it would be correct to use an airlift system. It consists of two tubes. Air flows along one of them, entering the mixer. The second sucks in the sludge and transfers it upward along with the air.
How long it will take to clean a water intake in this way depends on its depth and the height of the dynamic level.
The ease of application of the method determines the possibility of doing the washing yourself.
About the advantages of the compressor flushing method
- The method is significantly more effective than any other - the rate of sludge removal is several times higher than using any pump. Consequently, the time required for such a process is minimal.
- Removal of sludge containing large amounts of large solids. Since no mechanisms are used, the size of the inclusions does not matter, and there is no wear or breakdown of the equipment.
- Well pumping can be carried out in the absence of electricity.
- Applicability of the method for doing it yourself.
Disadvantages of the method
These include a sharp drop in efficiency with increasing hole depth due to increased air flow.
Application area
The method is ideal for flushing water intakes in fine sandy, fractured and clayey rocks at a relatively high dynamic well level.
Flushing is the most important technological stage of water intake installation. Allows you to check the correct opening of the water carrier, ensure the operability of the well and achieve the production of water with high consumer properties. If you want to save money, it is quite possible to do it yourself. Good luck to you and clean water!
The well must be pumped immediately after drilling, this must be done according to the instructions, and until the water is clean. Also, pumping wells is important during operation, as it silts up over time. In order for the aquifer structure to work correctly, it needs to be monitored and pumped in a timely manner!
Why do you need to pump a well?
Well pumping is the most important stage organizations autonomous water supply, which cannot be ignored. IN groundwater contains a lot of contaminants, impurities and insoluble inclusions, which is why it is prohibited from being used for drinking or other household needs. To fix the problem and effective cleaning liquid will require comprehensive pumping of the well.
In most cases, heavy mud is present only after drilling activities are completed. But the problem may arise in the future.
Small clay particles or larger inclusions collect in the lower part of the trunk, which leads to siltation. The problem is aggravated when the well is rarely used. So, if the water was not used during the cold season, when spring returns, a lot of sediment may appear, which will create problems.
How to pump a well after drilling
To figure out how to pump a well after drilling on your own, you need to study step by step guide and familiarize yourself with each stage of the procedure. If it is performed by a team of professionals, and not by amateurs with budget equipment, the pumping service should be included in the contract.
In other cases, you will have to solve the problem yourself.
Preparing for work
Any pumping of a well begins with preparatory stage. First of all, water is pumped out using a pump. Modern installations can pump out 3-6 m3 of untreated liquid per hour of operation. This increases the final cost of the project, but is an indispensable action.
The exact time it will take to pump depends on a lot of factors. On average, events take from 12 hours to 2 days. Sometimes beginners have to pump out dirty liquid for a couple of weeks or even months. Among the key conditions that determine the duration of pumping are:
- Well depth.
- Specifics of soil layers and pollution.
- Professionalism of the performers.
- Operating principle and performance characteristics of pumps.
If the depth of the well is relatively shallow and the water is contained in limestone or sand, the problem can be solved in 1 working day. And when processing heavily contaminated liquid from artesian well, often takes up to several weeks or even months.
If the work is delayed, do not despair and stop the process. Only in rare cases do experts conclude that a well is unsuitable for operation.
The biggest nuisance is the increased content of clay deposits in the water. There were situations when water was completely pumped out of the well along with the clay. However, once the previous level was restored, the user was provided with clean and safe water with a pleasant taste.
Any well is complex structure with a lot of individual properties. Even if pumping took a couple of hours at a neighboring site, there is no guarantee that it will take the same amount of time at yours.
Wells with lime deposits are considered problematic.
Possible delays in pumping may be due to damage to the pumping equipment.
Selection of equipment and preparation of the drainage site
Before starting work, it is necessary to determine which pump to pump the well after drilling. You should also take care of a place to dump the pumped out liquid.
To process dirty compounds, you cannot use simple pumping units that are designed to supply water to the room. Not all models are able to cope with large volumes, sand deposits and other suspended particles.
To eliminate possible malfunctions in the operation of the pumps, it is better to buy powerful equipment with an extended service life in advance. Homework can be carried out using domestic systems "", "Rodnichok", "". Another problem is solved well by submersible.
It is not recommended to use devices with a snail-shaped metal impeller for treating water with a high sand content. Similar design subject to rapid clogging and requires frequent replacement of consumables. Often the system fails after the first use.
Experts also advise abandoning vibration equipment in favor of centrifugal devices. There is evidence that vibration negatively affects the well, destroying column connections and rocking the casing.
If the drilling service is performed by specialists with professional equipment, be sure to ask them for a passport for the well and recommendations for pumping.
When preparing the pump, make sure it has a long enough cable. You should also prepare a cord for hanging the pump.
Since the equipment will often have to be removed from the well, the cord must be as strong as possible. Otherwise, it will break and damage expensive devices. During the procedure, its condition should be regularly assessed to determine abrasions.
When figuring out how to properly pump a well, it is necessary to provide a place for liquid drainage, because its volume can exceed a couple of tons. Dirty compounds are poured as far as possible from the well, otherwise they will need to be pumped out again and again. If dirt gets into the well, it will not only make the water unfit for drinking, but will also lead to cracking of the walls due to increased pressure.
Some of the liquid can be used for household needs, such as watering. Before this, the water must be cleaned of all impurities, for which a primitive sand trap is created. A barrel with 2 holes is used as the main container - in the upper part and in the middle. Contaminated water is added to the sand trap at the top, settles, and then moves to the second hole. From time to time the device is cleared of precipitation.
Well pumping
To understand how to pump a well on clay, follow these instructions:
- The pump is immersed in such a way that it is placed 30-40 or 50-70 cm from the bottom of the well.
- The device turns on and water is pumped out.
- After some time, the unit is taken out and washed in clean water. After this, it is placed back into the well, continuing the pumping process.
- The action is carried out until a steady stream of clean water appears.
If the pump is damaged, you will have to purchase a new one. During intensive flushing, the bottom of the structure may sink. In some conditions, the pump is fixed at a height of 50-70 cm from the bottom.
If the device is fixed higher or lower than required, the processing result will be negative. If the fastening is too high, the degree of cleaning will decrease, because debris will not be able to get into the pump. In the second case, the flow of contaminants will become as intense as possible, which is why the system will quickly begin to clog and may fail. The device may also get sucked into mud or sand, making it difficult to free it.
To improve cleaning efficiency, the pump should not be left static during operation. Experts advise moving it in a vertical plane by 4-6 cm with smooth movements. Any sudden movements should be avoided, otherwise the equipment may be damaged.
To select the correct pump fixation depth, do not rely on the length of the cord. After each next stage When flushing, the pump sinks lower.
If fluid does not flow, the system must be turned off. This is often explained by the fact that the pump was sucked into sludge, or it burned out. To determine the problem, it must be removed from the mine and inspected. If normal operation has been restored, you can proceed with further washing.
If the pump fails, you will need to purchase a new device. It is better to purchase 2 units at once, so as not to waste time if 1 is damaged.
What to do if pumping takes too long
Some wells require multi-stage pumping, which takes a couple of months. If the work continues, but the result is not visible, you should familiarize yourself with the main mistakes that beginners often make:
- The pump is located on high altitude, which is why the bottom layers are not cleaned.
- The unit is located low and becomes clogged with silt deposits.
- Dirty water is directed back into the mine, causing the structure to become constantly polluted.
By assessing the points listed, you can find and fix the problem before complications arise. If the pumping work was very delayed, it is better to use the services of experts.
Causes of siltation and how to eliminate it
To know how to properly pump dirty water, it is important not only to purchase a suitable pump for pumping a well with low flow rate, but also to study the causes of contamination. If the liquid is constantly filled with sand, as a preventative measure you can use the idle method or run the pump for a couple of hours and pump out the liquid.
When figuring out how to properly pump a well, you should take into account the recommendations of specialists, which are suitable for most cases.
So, someone pumps the well with their own hands using a fire hose. This technology allows large volumes of water to be supplied inside and break up major contaminants or partially wash them out to facilitate further cleaning. The method is quite interesting, but is only suitable for those structures that have been in use for a long time, but for some reason require re-processing.
You can understand how to pump a well from clay right on site after completing the drilling procedures. For example, in addition to pumping the well with a compressor, you can use the technology of manual processing with a bailer. She is a heavy metal object, which sinks to the bottom of the structure to break up dirt and sand. Then the bailer is taken out, released and thrown back.
The well is also pumped using a vibration pump and motor pumps from Caiman, Hitachi, and Honda. Similar devices They sell for a couple of thousand dollars, but justify their cost with high efficiency and reliability.
Knowing how to pump a well on clay or sand, you can safely revive a hydraulic structure and protect the residents of your home from drinking dirty, silty and unsafe liquid.
Conclusions and useful video on the topic
To become more familiar with the specifics of pumping, it is recommended to watch informational videos that describe in detail each stage of drilling or cleaning a well.
Complete purification of water from impurities can require a lot of time and effort. But if you approach such events competently, the task can be realized in short time and at minimal cost.
Drilling a well is a rather labor-intensive and financially expensive process. To provide a home or country cottage area water, you will have to work hard first.
However, all the work will go down the drain if the source produces a cloudy and dirty liquid.
Well pumping is an action associated with long-term pumping of dirty liquid mixed with silt from the wellbore casing pipe.
During drilling operations, the upper and inner layers of the soil are disturbed. Aquifer veins are found in various layers. These can be perched or rainwater. The source gradually fills with turbid liquid containing loam, sand and other sediments.
Dirt and other contents can only be removed by lifting it up the shaft. Leveling up in in this case carries a cleansing mission.
The need for pumping is due to the need for drinking and clean water. If you start using a newly drilled mine or one that has stood idle for a long time, unpleasant consequences may arise. The first water cannot be used.
The liquid underground is constantly moving, carrying various components, such as:
- sand,
- loam,
- small clay particles,
- sludge and other substances.
When drilling, the formation is broken, in which a cavity is formed, and water and dirt rush into it. The filter around the casing and in the borehole itself cannot completely cope with the cleaning problem.
Equipment
The main tools are deep submersible unit and a pumping station. Right choice device depends on several factors:
- The material used for making pipes used as casing. Previously, the mine shaft was only metal. Now polyethylene has replaced it, so pipes began to be made from plastic or polypropylene components. The benefits of using such material are obvious. Firstly, the lightness and strength of the product. Secondly, relative cheapness compared to metal. Thirdly - durability.
- Depth of the drilled shaft. The stronger the equipment, the longer distance, to which the device can lift the liquid. When choosing a tool, you need to find out what the depth of the shaft is and the approximate column of water in it.
- Composition of the liquid. Upon completion last stages When drilling and laying casing, you need to make sure that there is water in it. Of course, the liquid will be cloudy and contaminated. This will become visible as soon as the last meters are covered and rises to the surface. It is important to find out how dirty it is and what percentage of turbidity, this will help prevent damage to the pumping equipment.
There are two types of units: vibrating and centrifugal.
The first one works from electromagnetic pulse, which alternately opens the water inlet and outlet valves, thereby creating tension in the intake chamber. As a rule, the vibration method of operation is chosen by manufacturers of low-power devices.
They are immersed into the trunk to a shallow depth. Such a unit has low power, but also low cost. This is not to say that such equipment is not suitable for pumping a well. On the contrary, if you do the work yourself, you should choose a vibration submersible pump.
Submersible pump “Baby”
It may seem that the vibration effect of equipment with solenoid valve very small. When the device is turned on on a surface, it is easy to hold in your hand. But it should be remembered that a column of water up to five meters high at a depth of up to 50 meters creates a so-called vibration echo. Waves from operating equipment constantly hit the walls of the casing. Which can lead to displacement of the joints or the formation of cracks in the barrel.
The casing, made of metal or thick-walled polyethylene, with pipes welded together, can easily withstand the movement of water masses at the bottom. The same cannot be said about plastic screw pipes.
Important: The vibrating device cannot be used to pump a well with plastic casing.
Centrifugal devices have a structure and operating principle that is very different from vibration devices.
The main element is the fluid supply motor located in a sealed housing. Electricity is supplied and the motor spins the augers of the impeller at the bottom of the device. As a result, liquid is taken into the chamber and subsequently transported to the surface due to constantly pumped pressure. Such units have virtually no vibration. And if there is, then it is insignificant and does not cause harm to the mine shaft.
A submersible device with a centrifugal impeller is designed to lift liquid to a height of 20 meters and above. It all depends on the productive capacity of the equipment. The peculiarity of the structure allows you to pump out not only clean water, but also with admixtures of thick fractions (clay, sand). Its price is quite high, but the performance matches.
How much to pump
A positive outcome from pumping the mine depends on the duration of operation of the pumping equipment. Rocking the well should begin immediately after installing the last section of casing. In time it can be from four hours to two days. There have been cases of pumps running continuously for a week. The time depends on many reasons:
- mine depth;
- water column height;
- the soil in which the trunk and aquifer are located;
- the conditions under which the work was carried out.
Instructions
Tools and equipment for work:
- Durable steel cable.
- Deep well pump.
- Long hose.
- Container with water.
Errors
- Pumping equipment for pumping a well is often chosen incorrectly. Violation of the principles for selecting devices is fraught with additional financial costs for new equipment.
- The pump was running too long, causing the aquifer to become depleted or the holes in the shaft to become silted.
- The pumping was not completed completely, that is, clean water did not come out of the pump, but it was turned off. In this case, silt and clay will settle to the bottom and the pump will remain trapped.
Rocking up immediately after drilling with your own hands
First stage. The pump may get stuck in clay or silt deposits at the bottom of the well; in order to lower and, most importantly, lift the device up, you need a strong but flexible cable. It should be chosen with the maximum margin of safety. We tie the pump to the cable using several control ties or knots. We tie a cable and a hose to it with a slight slack.
Second phase. We load the equipment. To correctly position the pump in the shaft, you must first completely lower it to the bottom, and then, measuring 30–40 centimeters on the cable, lift it back up. By choosing this height, you can count on the device not getting clogged, but also pumping will proceed efficiently.
Third stage. The discharge hose must be directed away from the source. This is necessary to prevent dirty liquid from getting back. In addition, it should be taken into account that it will be mixed with silt or sand. It is better to organize a sump at all. Place a fine mesh in the trough and install the hose into it. The water will hit and pass through the mesh, but the clay will remain in the filter.
Fourth stage. We turn on the unit into the network. In a moment water will flow. Experts recommend not leaving the device alone. Every 15–20 minutes, the equipment is pulled up by the cable and smoothly lowered back. This must be done very carefully and smoothly. This method will allow the pump not to silt, and in case of jamming, quickly detect the problem.
Fifth stage. We take out the unit for washing. There is silt and clay mixed with water, which is why the valve will constantly clog. This moment cannot be missed. As soon as the liquid stops flowing, or the hose spits jerkily, it’s time to take out the device. Washing takes place in a container with clean water. After cleaning, the equipment is sunk to the bottom again.
Important: the layer of sludge at the bottom is constantly changing, and after removing the pump for flushing, the reverse immersion occurs according to the same algorithm.
How to pump up an old mine drilled into sand or clay
The above-mentioned 5 stages also apply to sources that have been in operation for a long time. Except for a few rules:
- The old well must be cleaned before pumping. There are several proven methods for this. A bailer is a special device for removing silt and sand deposits in the trunk.
- High pressure water rinsing.
As in the old source, it is collected in the casing a large number of sediment in the form of dense, thick sand or clay (in the case of clay, it is also viscous. To pump the mine shaft, all sediments must be broken up and mixed with water. It is unlikely that there is such a large mixer for agitating the suspension. Reverse injection is used here.
Under high pressure, a significant volume of water is discharged into the barrel, it breaks the plug and stirs it. The pump then draws the slurry to the surface. The procedure is repeated several times.
Important: After each pumping and pumping of water, you need to take a short break of 20–30 minutes.
A motor pump is used to lift heavy silt or sand deposits with water to the surface. This is a powerful pumping equipment that works on the surface, without immersion in the shaft. The device is considered a vacuum and to start working you will have to pour water into a special plug. The pump easily handles thick slurry. The depth of such equipment is limited. No more than 30 meters.
How to pump up a source after winter
In winter, the water in the mine shaft stagnated and penetrated into the aquifer. As a result, there was no fluid circulation. Besides melt water, of course, got inside the pipe. Before using it for economic purposes, the well is also pumped with a deep-well pump.
How to extend the service life
- Do not leave the source inoperative for a long period of time.
- After each conservation and pump the shaft.
- Do not allow foreign objects to enter the barrel.
- Calculate in advance the expected debit of the source and select suitable pumping equipment.
When a well appears on the site, providing a steady flow of water, this is a joyful event, because complex and expensive work has been completed successfully. Do you agree?
But the quality of the resulting water may cause some confusion among ignorant site owners. It looks more like a stream of very liquid mud than drinking water. Don't be alarmed, this is how it should be.
Drilling a well is only half the battle. To provide your home with a sufficient amount of usable water, you need to learn how to pump a well, and then perform a series of simple, but quite labor-intensive operations. We will tell you how to cope with this seemingly difficult task.
Below we will describe the reasons why wells require pumping and how to eliminate them. You will also find information on how to perform pumping yourself, and what you will need for this. The article is accompanied by clear photos and video materials that will help you understand this issue in more detail.
Dirty water coming from a well at first is a completely natural and natural phenomenon. Small particles of soil and other insoluble inclusions are mixed with water, forming a suspension that is not suitable for people or even for household needs. The only way to get rid of it is to pump out the contaminants along with the water.
Understanding the causes of siltation will not only allow you to put the well in order initially, but will also help organize it. Typically, such severe water contamination in a well is observed only immediately after drilling is completed.
However, owners of a new well should remember that similar problems may arise later.
This diagram clearly shows the structure of a filter and artesian well. After drilling, a large amount of contaminants accumulate in the shaft, which must be removed
Small clay particles, together with larger inclusions, accumulate at the bottom of the shaft, which leads to silting of the well. Most often this happens if the well is not used regularly.
For example, if the dacha (and well) were not used for the entire winter period, the owners may find serious siltation. The skills acquired while pumping a well will also be useful in solving this problem.
Depending on the composition of the soil, sand deposits of impressive thickness can naturally accumulate in the well. They also create significant problems that can be solved by pumping large volumes of water from the well or cleaning it.
Well pumping stages
Information about the need to pump a well will be useful at the design stage. If drilling is entrusted to a professional team, and not to amateur drillers, then the contract usually includes pumping services.
Stage #1. Preparing for work
Professionals usually have special pumping equipment capable of pumping out approximately 3-6 cubic meters of dirty water per hour. Of course, this increases the cost of the work, but you should not immediately abandon this addition.
If a professional team is drilling a well, it makes sense to immediately order well pumping services when the drilling work is completed
Although the process of pumping a well yourself is relatively simple, it will require not only time and effort, but also certain material costs. In addition, you will need minimal skills in working with pumping equipment.
No one can accurately predict how long it will take to pump a well. It is believed that this procedure takes from 12 hours to two days. In practice, the process of self-pumping can take several weeks or even months, depending on the situation.
A number of factors can affect the work time:
- well depth;
- the nature of the soil and pollution;
- professional level of performers;
- features of pump operation, etc.
Usually, one working day is enough to pump a not too deep well, in which the aquifer is located in a sandy or limestone layer. But extracting sand or clay deposits dissolved in water from a deep “artesian” well can last weeks or months.
If the work takes a long time, experts do not recommend immediately putting an end to the expensive structure. Most often, the well can be successfully pumped. Although it also happens that even professionals cannot cope with pumping a well, and are forced to declare the structure unsuitable for operation. Fortunately, such cases are very rare.
The biggest problems during pumping await owners who have to remove clay deposits dissolved in water from the well. There are cases when a decision was made to scoop out both clay and almost all the water. The result of this labor-intensive process the well became clean and easy to use.
Each well is a structure with individual characteristics. Even if it was possible to pump a well in a neighboring area in a matter of hours, this does not guarantee the same success for the new structure. Usually with wells “on limestone” there is more problems when pumping than with wells “on sand”.
For a variety of reasons, the duration of pumping may be maximum or minimum. Delays can also result from pump failure, which will have to be completely replaced. This situation is not uncommon even when pumping a shallow well.
Stage #2. Selection of equipment and preparation of the drainage site
Before starting work, several important issues should be resolved. First you need to stock up necessary equipment, and then provide a place for dumping the pumped out dirty water. The main tool for pumping a well is a pump.
A submersible pump selected for stationary operation should not be used while pumping a well, as it may break immediately
You should not use the same pump for this that was chosen to supply clean water to the house. Not everyone can cope with pumping large volumes of water containing a lot of sand, dirt and other suspended particles.
Better to buy for home expensive equipment, which will ensure uninterrupted water supply for long term. Inexpensive models are more suitable for pumping, the breakdown of which will not affect the family budget.
The “Malysh” pump is an inexpensive and easy-to-use model that is successfully used for pumping wells. This unit is most effective at depths of up to 25 m
More often independent work well pumping is carried out using domestic inexpensive model type or . The more powerful one has proven itself well.
According to reviews, submersible pumps do an excellent job of pumping wells, although at first a sand plug may form in the device.
Aquarius pumps are successfully used for pumping wells after drilling. They are characterized by high performance and resistance to damage
Models in which water passes through a metal impeller in the shape of a “snail” are not very good in combination with sand. This element gets clogged very quickly and has to be cleaned or replaced frequently. Sometimes such pumps break down almost immediately. It all depends on the model, immersion depth and the nature of the contamination.
Experts strongly do not recommend using vibration pumps for wells, giving preference to centrifugal models. It is believed that vibration can negatively affect the condition of the well, disrupt the connections of the pipe string, rock the casing, etc.
At the same time, many owners describe positive experiences of pumping or cleaning a well using inexpensive vibration equipment.
If the drilling work was carried out by specialists, you should obtain from them not only a passport for the well, but also recommendations on equipment for pumping it. Not only the type of pump can matter, but also its performance.
If the owner of the well was chosen a budget option: the already mentioned “Baby” or “Rucheek” pumps, he should take one point into account. During the cleaning process, especially in areas with complex, clayey contaminants, such a pump can quickly fail, since it is still designed to work with clean water.
Two or three “dead” budget pumps for pumping a well after drilling are considered almost the norm. Some owners even “buried” five inexpensive units in this way.
In the process of pumping a well with an inexpensive “Rucheek” type pump, you may need to repeatedly disassemble the device, clean it or repair it
In the process of preparing a submersible pump, you should also make sure that its cable has the required length, comparable to the depth of the well. If necessary, the length of the cable is increased, while observing all the requirements of electrical safety standards.
Another important point– a cord on which the pump will be suspended during work (an electric cable cannot be used to lift the device from the shaft!). Budget pumps are equipped with no less budget cords.
The unit will have to be removed from the shaft quite often for washing; a fragile cord may simply break. As a result, problems with flushing will be added to the hassle of retrieving a fallen pump.
In some cases, this led to the loss of the entire well. To prevent such a sad situation, you just need to invest in a reliable and durable cord or cable of sufficient length. During the work process, it doesn’t hurt to periodically inspect it to identify any abrasions.
You immediately need to decide where the pumped water will be discharged (and its total volume can be several tons or more). There is a rule: dirty water must be poured out at some distance from the well, otherwise the pumped out water will simply return to the well shaft, it will have to be pumped out again and again, the process can last indefinitely.
In addition, the reverse flow of water into the shaft can negatively affect the strength of its walls, since water entering under pressure can break the connections. After that, the liquid that penetrates through the cracks in the joint will be able to erode the soil surrounding the well.
Dirty water pumped out of the well must be taken as far as possible from the location of the well to prevent it from getting inside
Part of the pumped water can be used on the site, for example, for irrigation. Of course, for this it is necessary to first purify the water from contaminants. You can make a simple sand trap.
To do this, take a barrel of suitable volume and make two holes in it: the first - in the upper part of the container, the second - approximately in the middle of the barrel.
Using a sand trap, the water obtained from a well can be effectively purified from contaminants and used for household needs.
Contaminated water is fed into the sand trap from above, it settles for some time and exits into the second hole located in the middle part. Dirt, sand, silt and other particles remain at the bottom of the container. Periodically, the sand trap should be emptied of this sediment.
Stage #3. Well pumping
When cleaning a well after drilling, perform the following simple operations:
- The pump is lowered into the well so that it is at a certain distance (30-40 or 50-70 cm) from its bottom.
- The pump is turned on and water is pumped out.
- After some time, the equipment is removed and washed by immersing it in a container of clean water.
- The washed pump is lowered back into the well and pumping of dirty water continues.
- The procedure is repeated again and again until a steady flow of clean water appears.
Of course, if the pump fails, it must be replaced with a new device. It should be remembered that as flushing proceeds, the bottom of the well may drop slightly. The pump is lowered in this way: immerse it until it reaches the bottom, then select 30-40 cm of cord and secure it. Sometimes the recommended immersion depth is 50-70 cm.
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To supply private homes and country cottages Wells are most often used as a source of water in long years. They allow you to completely replace centralized highways and have many advantages over them. After a well has been drilled on the site, it is necessary to pump it up - that is, to remove the remaining sand, silt and dirty water that appeared in it during the installation of casing pipes. In this article we will reveal all the features and nuances of such a process, after which anyone can easily do it themselves.
What is swinging and when should it be performed?
At the very beginning, let's delve a little into the technology of extracting water from a well. The aquifer is a mixture of sand, clay and water itself. From this mixture, with the help of special mesh filters, we obtain the pure product we need.
Once a well has been drilled, it contains a large number of tiny particles - silt, which the filter elements cannot cope with, and the water becomes unfit for consumption. In addition, sand, clay and earth that crumbled during the installation of casing pipes get inside. To correct the situation and make the water suitable for drinking, it is necessary to pump the well.
This means that silt, sand, soil and other foreign matter will be removed from the casing. Also, all these unnecessary suspensions will be removed from the layer closest to the edge of the pipe, which will allow clean water to be supplied to the surface.
By the process of rocking up we create favorable conditions for the functioning of the well.But this requires a lot of effort, and it is worth it to use clean water in the future. The pumping process itself is quite primitive - water with foreign impurities is supplied to the top, but there are a lot of nuances that must be taken into account.
Technology of work execution 
If you look at pumping a well from a technical point of view, a pump is placed in the casing pipe, which takes suspended water from it, gradually purifying it.
But simply pumping out water is not enough - it must be done correctly so that in the future the source will serve faithfully for many years. We will describe step by step the entire technology of work.
Choosing the right pump
For these purposes, a cheap submersible centrifugal pump is best suited. Due to the fact that you will have to pump a huge amount of water with sand and other impurities, it may fail, and it is not advisable to use expensive models.
Its power must be selected based on your financial capabilities, and if they allow, buy a pump with its maximum value. Vibrating equipment cannot be used to rock the well. Such pumps cannot cope with water containing impurities and will very soon fail. In addition, many experts are confident that they can easily “screw up” a new well by collapsing a layer of sand or clay.
Well pumping stages 
After choosing a pump, you need to start the process itself. It will consist of several successive stages:
- At the very beginning of work, it is necessary to choose a place where dirty water will be discharged. The best option for this purpose there will be a ditch or hole at a sufficiently far distance from the well.
- To reduce contamination of the discharge site with sand and silt, you can make a sand catcher yourself.
- To do this, two holes are made in a regular barrel - at the top and in the side walls. Dirty water is supplied from above and already purified water flows out into the side hole. Sand and silt settle on the bottom of the barrel, which must be cleaned periodically.
- When pumping a well, a submersible pump is used, which must be tied with a strong metal cable. The factory cord often does not withstand it when the equipment is pulled into silt and breaks, which is unacceptable in our case.
- Having attached the pump to a strong cable, we lower it into the well at a distance of about half a meter from the bottom. Thus, the equipment is located near the lower filter and prevents the appearance of sludge. All suspended matter will be discharged upward from the well. It is not recommended to lower the pump to the very bottom due to the fact that it can be sucked into the ground.
- After installing the pump, turn it on and pump dirty water upward until it clears.
From time to time it is necessary to remove the equipment from the well and clean it by pumping 50-70 liters of clean water through it.
The condition of the bottom at the edge of the casing plays a big role. With all the others equal conditions it can change that time significantly. On average it takes 12-14 hours, but some wells will have to be cleaned for several days. All this is individual.
Features of well pumping
Exist different types wells, and some nuances of the work will depend on this.
With a small debit
There are situations when a well already exists, but its resource, or, as they say, flow rate, is very low. This characteristic refers to the amount of water received from a well over a certain period. Most often it is measured in liters per unit of time.
Many site owners want to increase the productivity of the well, and sometimes this can be done. To do this, rocking is used with simultaneous erosion of the lower layer with a strong stream of water. Use two pumps operating simultaneously. You can also try to increase the well flow rate mechanically using special devices(bailer), selecting silt and sand from the bottom. In most cases, it is possible to achieve a positive result, but if all else fails, then you have to drill a new source.
On clay
If a sand well can be cleaned in 12-24 hours, then with a clay bottom this process can drag on for several days or even weeks. If you cannot quickly achieve clean water, then it makes sense to use bailers or a second pump, as in the case of increasing debit. Constant pumping clay mixture will ultimately lead to a positive result.
Description of common errors
Sometimes it is not possible to pump a well due to improper execution of the process. Let's consider the main mistakes of people who are inexperienced in this matter. 
- The pump is located close to the ground, which causes it to quickly become clogged and may even be sucked into silt.
- Large distance to the ground. Due to this incorrect positioning, sand and silt will be picked up from the top of the casing, which is immersed in water, and all the main sediments will remain in place - at the bottom of the well. This will lead to the need to perform the procedure again after a few months.
- Dirty water from the well will be drained nearby, in which case it can flow back through the soil, interfering with the cleaning process.
Ways to combat siltation and quicksand
It is worth mentioning that in any case, silt will appear inside the well. And it doesn’t matter at all how well you perform the build-up. This problem is especially relevant after the flood subsides. Quicksand and silt plugs appear just at the moment when the water pressure in the soil layers increases.
This problem can be effectively solved in the following ways: 
- If there is no silt in the well yet, then during the period of its probable appearance (spring) it is necessary to carry out preventive pumping of water for 3-4 hours. This will contribute to the appearance of coarse sand around the casing pipe, and the silt will be removed. This procedure must be performed daily for 2-3 weeks.
- If a plug appears, it must be washed away with strong water pressure. For this, a pressure pump and a special hydraulic attachment are used.
To summarize, we can say that a well on the site is an excellent alternative centralized water supply. However, for it to work well, it must be constantly looked after.