Creating a living corner in the nursery preschool institution It has great importance in raising children. Most often, children are introduced to nature with the help of indoor plants; educators instill in the younger generation a love for “green pets” and teach them to take care of them. Despite the huge variety of exotic flowers on sale, the choice of indoor plants for kindergarten is very limited. In addition to visual appeal, they must be especially safe for children, and also meet a number of other requirements.
General principles for selecting indoor plants in preschool educational institutions
When creating a corner of wildlife for children, you should take a responsible approach to the choice of plants and comply with a number of requirements.
- Safety. Not allowed to be placed indoors kindergarten plants containing poisonous sap, as well as varieties with thorns or berries. At this age, children are particularly inquisitive, and the temptation to taste an attractive berry is very great. The following are prohibited: Dieffenbachia, nightshade, some varieties of milkweed, lilies, cacti and other plants. You should also pay attention to plants with “fluff”; a lot of dust usually accumulates on the surface of the leaves, so if there are allergy sufferers in the group, then it is better to avoid such plants. A striking example is the violet.
- Unpretentiousness to care and living conditions. Considering that ordinary employees will have to take care of the flowers, it is better not to complicate plant care. Suitable species are those that do not require frequent pruning, fertilizing or regular maintenance. high humidity air. Indoor plants suitable for this principle in preschool educational institutions: aloe without sharp thorns, nephrolepsis, pike tail, etc.
- Air purification. It is worth giving preference to those types that are not only safe, but also bring tangible benefits to the health of children. Many flowers are able to cleanse the air of dust and absorb harmful substances and toxins. For example, chlorophytum absorbs up to 86% of formaldehydes that are dangerous to the human body, and ivy absorbs up to 90% of benzene.
Selection of indoor plants depending on age group
In addition to the basic requirements, indoor plants in a kindergarten should be selected individually for each age group. If for children only external attractiveness is more important - large and bright flowers, then for older children they should select species that they could care for together with their teachers while getting involved in work.
- Junior group. For the little ones, it will be enough to place 8-10 flower pots in the room. It is desirable that they all be blooming and differ in height, size and color of flowers. For example, you can place several types of begonia, primrose, and hibiscus.
- Middle group. For older kids, you can increase the number of flowers to 12 pieces. Now it is necessary that indoor plants in the preschool educational institution still have more differences, for example, by the shape and size of the leaves, the structure of the stem. Species such as tradescantia or clivia are suitable. Children will be able to compare flowers in more detail by their appearance.
- Senior group. The range of living corners of nature is expanding even more and every child should have access to them. At this age, educators begin to show the basic rules for caring for “green pets,” and children observe and, if possible, take part. It is recommended to grow 2-3 copies of one type of plant, so kids will be able to form a more correct idea of a specific flower.
- Preparatory group. At this age, preschoolers not only receive theoretical knowledge, but also practical knowledge. Under the guidance of teachers, they can water flowers from small watering cans, loosen the soil, spray and wipe the surface of the leaves with a damp cloth. For this reason, 2-3 copies of indoor plants in a preschool educational institution must be with large leaves so that children can easily remove dust from them. A preschooler can already independently determine when to water and spray a flower, takes the specimen he likes “under guardianship” and thus develops a sense of responsibility.
Recommendations for choosing indoor plants in preschool educational institutions depending on the interior
To develop a sense of beauty and good taste in children, it is recommended to select flowers so that they fit harmoniously into the interior of the room. It is important to consider everything from furniture upholstery and wall color to individual decorative elements. Don't forget about design flower pots, they can be either plain, bright color, and with ornament. Kids will definitely love ceramic flowerpots with decor.
It is equally important to position the plant pots correctly. Unstable flower stands should be avoided; during active play, children may drop them and get injured. It is best to place indoor plants in kindergarten on window sills or on specially equipped shelves located along the walls.
A lot of flowers are suitable for creating a living corner; below are the most popular types that do not require special care.
|
Name |
Content Features |
|
Aspidistra Balsam Chlorophytum Spathiphylium Hibiscus Tradescantia |
Requires bright light. Keeping temperature: +20–25 °C in summer, 3-4 degrees lower in winter. Watering in phase active growth plentiful, moderate in winter. It is advisable to spray the flowers several times a week. |
|
Maidenhair |
Lighting is low, preferably partial shade. Content temperature from +20 °C to +25 °C. Watering is careful and moderate, but regular. Daily spraying is recommended. |
|
Dracaena carinatum Asparagus Noble laurel |
A bright, but diffused light through light tulle is required. Keeping temperature: +18–21 °C in summer, 1-2 degrees lower in winter. Watering is moderate, the water should be slightly warm and soft. Regular spraying is required. |
|
Uzumbara violet |
The lighting is intense and bright. Keeping temperature: in summer +20–25 °C, in winter +16–19 °C. Watering is regular. Air humidity is moderate, the leaves do not tolerate spraying, so it is recommended to place a wide container of water next to the flower. |
|
Pike tail |
The lighting is bright but diffuse. Keeping temperature: in summer +18–25 °C, in winter +14–16 °C. Watering is careful and moderate, scanty in winter. Once a week it is recommended to wipe the leaves with a damp fine-pored sponge or piece of cotton wool. |
List of plants that should not be kept in a living corner of a kindergarten
Knowing the principles of selecting indoor plants in a kindergarten, you can create a beautiful and educational living corner. Kids will not only get acquainted with certain types of plants, but also learn how to care for them. They learn that “green pets,” just like people, need care and attention to feel good.
Video of activities in the wildlife corner in kindergarten
Morpho – biological characteristics indoor plants in a corner of nature middle group.
Ficus
Mulberry family. This is one of the most common indoor plants. First place of honor among various types Ficus is occupied by Ficus rubber or Ficus elastica. Also very popular are Ficus benjamina, Ficus lyre-shaped, Ficus bengal, Ficus dwarf, etc.
All ficuses do not tolerate drafts, waterlogging of the soil and direct sun (ficuses of variegated forms are more photophilous and tolerate direct sun, but shading is needed in the hottest hours).
In winter, ficus also needs light, so pots with plants are moved closer to the window. And variegated forms, for example ficus benjamina, can stand all winter even on a south-facing window. With a lack of light in winter, weak and twisted shoots and leaves are formed.
Ficus trees propagate by cuttings. You can get as many cuttings from a shoot as there are leaves on it. The cutting for propagation should consist of one leaf with an intact eye and half of the lower internode without an eye. After cutting the cutting, it is lowered into warm water to stop the secretion of milky juice. For better rooting, a cut or split is made at the bottom of the cutting (for cuttings with hard wood, a cross shape, for cuttings with soft wood, one cut). It is better to root cuttings with soil heating and covering the cutting with a plastic bag.
For all ficuses, this one is best suited soil mixture- 2 parts leaf soil, 1 part peat soil and 1 part humus. Ficuses do not like being planted in containers much larger than their size. root system, so they are replanted when the roots are expected to fill the entire pot or tub. At the same time, they grow quite quickly, therefore, the soil when transplanting should be nutritious, in addition, fertilizer fertilizing is carried out in spring and summer (they respond well to fertilizing organic fertilizers, well-rotted is suitable for this cow dung or store-bought fertilizer "Giant"). Ficus plants can also be fed with fertilizers such as "Rainbow" and "Palm". Old specimens of large ficuses are replanted very rarely - after 5-6 years. But can be replaced annually upper layer land for a new one. You should also replace the top layer of soil if a white crust appears on it - salt deposits.
Temperature: preferably moderate, not lower than 18 °C. They like to “keep their feet warm” - do not place a pot of ficus on a cold windowsill, marble or tiled floor, etc. In a room with above-moderate temperatures, the leaves begin to droop down.
Lighting: All varieties of rubber ficus prefer a bright place, with protection from direct sun rays. Variegated forms need a lighter and warmer place than forms with dark leaves.
Watering: Moderate, does not like waterlogged soil. Water room temperature, well defended. Fertilizer feeding from March to August every two weeks.
Air humidity:The leaves must be wiped regularly with a damp sponge.
Transfer: It is carried out in the spring, when the roots have entwined the entire earthen ball, young plants after a year or two, old ones after a few years.
Reproduction: With apical cuttings, for better rooting, heating the soil and covering the cutting with a plastic bag.
Fuchsia
Aspen family. Rodina Central and South America, New Zealand. These are evergreen shrubs, of which there are about 100 species in nature.
Fuchsia graceful Fuchsia gracilis is a shrub with reddish stems. The leaves are opposite, oval-lanceolate, 4-5 cm long, pointed at the end and slightly toothed along the edge. Flowers drooping on long stalks. The fruits are black berries. Flowering begins in spring, and fuchsia flowers are short-lived, but quite numerous and flowering during favorable conditions abundant.
There are and continue to appear in culture many different varieties fuchsias, which are difficult to describe. Fuchsias differ in the shape and structure of flowers - simple, double, semi-double and their color range - white, pink, red, purple, violet, etc. Unfortunately, fuchsia is a rather short-lived plant, since it is very demanding on temperature conditions and begins to shed its leaves after flowering.
CARE TIPS
Temperature: Moderate or cool throughout the year, at temperatures above 18-20°C, fuchsia sheds flowers and leaves, until the plant dies. In winter, not lower than 6°C; fuchsias prefer cool overwintering at a temperature of 8-10°C.
Lighting: Fuchsia is very photophilous, and the light should be diffused; fuchsia can get burned from direct sunlight. Fuchsia will grow well on eastern windows.
Watering: In summer it is abundant, the soil should be slightly moist all the time. In winter, watering is moderate or limited, depending on the temperature. With insufficient watering, fuchsia sheds buds and flowers.
Fertilizer: From March to September fuchsia is fed mineral fertilizer for flowering indoor plants.
Air humidity:In summer, fuchsia is periodically sprayed. On hot summer days, you can place the plant on a tray with wet pebbles.
Transfer: Every year in the spring. Soil - 3 parts clay-turf and 2 parts peat soil with the addition of 1 part sand. It is better to make drainage in a pot or tub.
Reproduction: Stem cuttings in spring or summer, which are rooted using root formation stimulants (heteroauxin, kornevin).
Begonia everblooming
Begoniaceae family.There are many types of begonias and they are all beautiful in their own way. Among begonias there are both decorative deciduous and decorative flowering species. Begonias are beautiful indoor plants with succulent leaves that have a somewhat oblique shape. The pedicels contain both male and female flowers. In female flowers, a triangular seed capsule is formed above the petals. Most begonias bloom all summer, but when created good conditions, they can bloom in autumn and even winter. All begonias are divided into two main groups: decorative deciduous begonias and decorative flowering begonias.
Decorative flowering begonias
Valued for the beauty and abundance of their flowers. Among the decorative blooming begonias there are evergreen plants that can be kept in room conditions throughout the year, for example, ever-blooming begonia. Some of the most spectacular flowering begonias are tuberous begonias, these are potted crops such as the Lorrain begonia hybrids and the Elatior begonia hybrids. These plants, after flowering, finish their growing period and are usually thrown away. Tuberous begonias bloom in summer and autumn (when good care from spring to December), they lose their leaves in winter. In the fall, when tuberous begonias begin to go into a dormant state, watering is reduced, and after the leaves fall off, it is stopped completely. The tubers are freed from the ground and stored in boxes in the sand, in a cool room. When wintering tubers in a room, in pots, they are watered from time to time, but without allowing dampness.
Caring for decorative flowering begonias
Temperature: Moderate temperatures above 20°C are undesirable for these begonias. Winter temperature is about 17-18°C, but not lower than 15°C.
Lighting: Bright lighting, with mandatory protection from direct sunlight during the hottest part of the day. During flowering, begonias should not be crowded on the windows, so that one flower does not block another. To maintain proper growth, they are periodically rotated on the windows.
Watering: In spring and summer it is plentiful, but do not flood it, because... begonias do not like stagnation of water, as well as drying out earthen coma. The water should be soft and settled. Tuberous potted begonias are not watered in winter; they are stored in a dry peat substrate.
Air humidity:Begonias love high humidity, but do not tolerate spraying. Practice has shown that almost all types of begonias react to moisture on their leaves by the appearance of brown spots. Therefore, in hot, dry weather, you can place pots of begonias on a tray or box with wet peat or moss.
Transfer: In early spring tubers are planted in fresh soil. Rhizomatous begonias are replanted as needed when the pot becomes too crowded. Nutritious soil - a mixture of humus, leaf and turf soil with the addition of a small amount coniferous land And river sand. In this case, the soil is not filled to the top, so that later, when additional roots are formed, the soil can be topped up. Plants are placed in a sunny window and they quickly become covered with new leaves and buds appear in about 40-50 days.
Fertilizer: It is useful to fertilize decorative flowering begonias from the moment the flower buds form with liquid complex fertilizer for flowering indoor plants once every two weeks. Do not use nitrogenous fertilizers on ornamental foliage plants, as this will cause leaf growth and suppress flowering.
Reproduction: Propagated by stem cuttings and seeds. Tuberous begonias also reproduce by dividing sprouted tubers. The tuber is cut in half so that each part has sprouts and roots; the sections on the tuber are sprinkled with coal or sulfur. The nodules are planted so that the top does not rise much above the soil level.
Caring for decorative deciduous begonias
Temperature: Moderate, optimally 18-20°C, in winter not lower than 16°C. Royal begonia hybrids prefer temperatures slightly above the optimal 22-25°C.
Lighting: Bright lighting, with mandatory protection from direct sunlight. It is desirable that the lighting be uniform all year round. To do this, in the summer the begonias are moved somewhat away from the window (but the place should be very bright), and in the winter they are moved as close to the window as possible.
Watering: In spring and summer it is plentiful, but do not flood it, because... Begonias do not like stagnation of water, as well as drying out of the earthen coma. In winter, watering is moderate; on cloudy, gloomy days, when there is very little light, watering is stopped completely. Water the begonias very carefully, so that the stream of water does not fall on the leaves, otherwise they will remain brown spots. The water should be soft and settled. Between October and March, begonias are watered more moderately. From March to October, fertilizing is carried out once a week, using liquid complex fertilizers for decorative foliage plants.
Air humidity:Begonias require high humidity. But bush begonias, for the most part with fluffy leaves, do not tolerate water getting on the leaves, so you can place pots with begonias on a tray or in a box with wet peat or moss.
Transfer: Every year or every other year, in the spring. In a cramped pot, begonia leaves turn pale and lose their decorative effect. The soil is nutritious - a mixture of humus, leaf and turf soil with the addition of a small amount of coniferous soil and river sand. Begonias prefer soils that are slightly acidic, when pH = 5.5 - 6.5. After transplantation, the plants are pruned.
Reproduction: Stem cuttings, leaves, part of a leaf, division and seeds. The stems are cut into pieces 2 cm long and placed in bowls for rooting, preferably with soil heating.
Balsam (“light”)
Balsam family. The homeland of balsam is tropical and subtropical Asia and Africa. More than 500 species of these herbaceous, bushy plants are known in nature. Translated from Latin, impatiens means “not tolerant,” which is why Balsam received the name impatiens. This is due to the fact that the ripe fruits of this plant open at the slightest touch and the seeds scatter from them.
Balsam has many names. People call him Lizzie the busybody or Vanka the wet one. The first name appeared in connection with the ability of this plant to bloom almost all year round. The balsam was dubbed wet balsam for its love of moisture; if there is a lack of moisture in the soil, the plant’s stems and leaves immediately droop.
Impatiens Walleriana Impatiens walleriana - up to 55-60 cm tall, with erect, succulent stems. Leaves are alternately arranged, widely oval shape, pointed at the end, light green in color and finely toothed along the edge. Leaves are up to 10 cm long, flowers are about 4 cm in diameter, solitary or in few-flowered inflorescences with long pedicels. The flowers can be red, pink, white, reddish-orange or red-white. This species is the source for many hybrids and varieties, which can have different leaf colors, color and flower structure (simple or double, one or two colors).
Impatiens Peters Impatiens petersiana - from 60 cm and above, with erect red stems. Is different rapid growth. The leaves are lanceolate, purple-red in color, finely toothed along the edge, on long petioles.
Impatiens linearifolia - fast-growing plants, bush sizes up to 1 m, with erect reddish stems. The leaves are narrowly oval, pointed at the end, finely toothed along the edge. The leaf surface is green with a wide cream stripe in the center and a reddish central vein.
Impatiens Holstii - from 60 cm and above, with erect stems. The leaves are ovoid, pointed at the end, finely toothed along the edge. The leaf surface is brownish-green.
In all of the above species, flowers can be of a wide variety of colors and colors, white, pink, red, violet, white, lilac, lilac, purple, single or two-color, simple or double.
SECRETS OF SUCCESS:
Temperature: Moderate, winter
not lower than 12 °C. For flowering in winter, the temperature is needed at least 15 ° C.
Lighting: Light-loving, but in summer it needs to be shaded from direct sunlight.
Flowering in winter requires several hours of direct sunlight daily.
Watering: Abundant, the soil should always remain moist. In winter, watering is reduced.
Air humidity:From time to time it is useful to spray the leaves, avoiding water getting on the flowers.
Transfer: It blooms well only when the roots fill the pot.
If necessary, replant in the spring.
Reproduction: Stem cuttings at any time of the year or seeds in the spring.
Chinese rose
Malvaceae family. evergreen shrub, at home from 70 to 1.2 m tall. With good care, it blooms quite easily with large flowers, up to 12 cm in diameter. Flowering can be very abundant and long - from spring to autumn, although the flowers do not last long - about two days. The flowers come in different shades - orange, yellow, red, pink or white, as well as in different shapes - simple or double. There are varieties with variegated leaves. In the summer, it is better to take the plant out into the garden, but the place should be protected from the wind and a little dark.
CARE TIPS
Temperature: Hibiscus is quite thermophilic. In summer they are kept at a temperature of about 20-25°C. In winter at 15-20 °C, minimum 13 °C.
Lighting: Photophilous, prefers bright diffused light, with a small amount of sunlight. In winter you need a bright room. The best place for hibiscus is on an east or west window. The south window will need shading during the hottest hours of the day.
Watering: Abundant from spring to autumn. The soil should be kept moist all the time. Moderate in winter. Avoid over-moistening or over-drying the earthen clod. Do not water with cold water.
Fertilizer: From April to August, hibiscus is fed with special complex fertilizers for flowering indoor plants every 3 weeks. You can use "Rainbow", "Ideal", etc.
Air humidity:Spray regularly.
Transfer: Soil - 1 part turf, 1 part leaf soil, 1 part peat soil, 1 part sand. Transplantation in March - April. Prune after transplantation. And in the summer you can pinch it repeatedly. The dishes are preferably spacious. In spring, the plant is shortened and replanted in fresh soil.
Reproduction: Stem cuttings, which are best rooted in July-August.
Asparagus
Asparagus family. Home to tropical and subtropical regions of the Old World. It is divided into semi-climbing species - pinnate asparagus and ampelous species - Sprengeri asparagus. Fern-like asparagus with awl-shaped “leaves” are common as indoor plants. Asparagus plumossus is a compact plant with graceful, spreading at a young age branches that become bare below over time. The smallest variety is Asparagus plumossus Nanus. Asparagus Sprenger Asparagus densiflorus sprengery has drooping shoots with bright green “leaves” and red berries. Less common, but more decorative is Meyer's Asparagus Asparagus meueri. Straight and tough, densely pubescent "leaves" shoots reach 40-55 cm in length and effectively set off plants with large leaves in compositions. Crescent asparagus Asparagus falcatus does not look like a fern at all. It has large heart-shaped “leaves” and spiny stems reaching one meter in length. Asparagus Asparagoides is a branched shrub with creeping stems that reach 1.7 m in length. Two common asparagus - pinnate and densely flowered - are valued for their graceful openwork branches. Despite popular belief, they are not ferns, and their silky “leaves” are actually modified stems.
In general, asparagus is an unpretentious plant.
CARE TIPS
Temperature: Moderate to cool, for most asparagus around 15-18°C. Winter minimum 10°C, ideal 10-14°C.
Lighting: photophilous, the best place window sill of a north-east or north-west window. If the plant is placed in a room, behind a tulle curtain, then its place is near the east or west window; if the window is south, then in the room at some distance from the window. In winter, more diffused light is needed; plants are moved closer to the window.
Watering: In winter (from November to February) watering is moderate, and in spring it is increased. In summer you can leave water in the trays.
Air humidity:It loves moist air; sometimes asparagus does not bloom only because the air is too dry. If the plant is close to the battery central heating or a fireplace, then small leaves begin to turn yellow and crumble, and spraying will not help here; you will have to move the plant away from the source of hot air.
Transfer: Asparagus requires spacious containers and light nutritious soil made from leafy, greenhouse and clay-turf soil with sand. Young plants are replanted annually in spring, old ones every 2-3 years. When replanting, you should not unnecessarily damage the root system, but if the roots have grown very wildly, then you need to carefully tear off the nodules with your hands, so that the root system is reduced by three times. During the period of active growth, fertilizing is carried out.
Reproduction: By sowing (March-April) seeds that ripen easily and dividing the bush. When dividing, the plant is carefully knocked out of the pot. Divide into 3-4 parts so that each has at least one above-ground shoot. Fertilizer watering weekly in summer promotes strong growth and abundant flowering. Old plants with dried shoots are best rejuvenated by dividing the rhizomes, after pruning.
Aspidistra
Lily family. Homeland Japan. There are 8 common species in nature. Tall aspidistra Aspidistra elatior is grown in culture - perennial herbaceous plant. It has an underground creeping rhizome, glossy leaves on long petioles, broadly oval or lanceolate, about 50 cm long and 15 cm wide. At the base of the leaf you can see 1 or 2 reduced leaves clasping the petiole. The flowers are small, purple in color, appearing under the leaves on short stalks.
CARE TIPS
Temperature: Grows well in moderate conditions. In winter it requires coolness, preferably no higher than 15°C, optimal temperature 10-12 °C, minimum 5 °C. When kept in winter at temperatures above 20°C, regular spraying is required.
Lighting: In summer, shade from direct sunlight, light partial shade. In winter, aspidistra needs good lighting.
Watering: Abundant from spring to autumn, moderate or sparse in winter, depending on temperature.
Fertilizer: From April to September, every two weeks they are fed with a special liquid fertilizer for indoor plants.
Air humidity:Aspidistra tolerates dry air only if it is not too oily. However, regular spraying and washing of leaves only has a beneficial effect on the plant.
Transplantation: Since aspidistra does not tolerate transplantation well, it is replanted as necessary - after 3-4 years, in the spring. The soil is a mixture of turf soil (2 parts), leaf soil (1 part), humus (1 part), peat (1 part) and sand (1 part).
Reproduction: In the spring, by dividing the bush when replanting. Aspidistra can also be propagated by leaves using a special technology. It consists in cutting off a healthy leaf without a petiole from an aspidistra, so that a thick fleshy swelling at the base of the leaf (formed by reduced leaves like a vagina) is preserved. Then the leaf cut is dried and placed in a bottle of water (a bottle with a wide neck, like a kefir bottle). The bottle is closed with a lid and covered with plasticine to prevent air from getting in. The bottle is placed in a warm and bright place. When roots appear on the cut leaf, it is taken out and planted in loose (preferably leafy) soil and covered with a jar or placed in an indoor greenhouse. If the roots have not appeared, and the end of the leaf begins to deteriorate and rot, then you can cut it to healthy tissue (only in the place where the leaf thickens) and clean water put back into the bottle.
scented geranium
Family: Geraniaceae, Geraniaceae.
Origin: South Africa, some species from the Mediterranean.
Flowering time: May-October, some species year-round.
The genus Pelargonium (geranium) includes about 250 species. Over time, five were identified in it large groups: decorative deciduous; fragrant; noble or English; ivy-leaved, or balcony geranium; zonal or standing geranium. Fragrant pelargonium has healing properties.
Lighting: Bright and sunny.
Watering: Abundant as the soil dries. Over-watering should be avoided. In winter, water less often. During the growth period, weekly feeding.
Temperature: Moderate, preferably in summer outdoors. In winter, not lower than 10 °C.
Reproduction: Cuttings.
Pests, diseases:Whitetail, aphid; zonal or “standing geranium” - aphids, spider mite, gray rot, "rust"
- Ficus
- Fuchsia
- Begonia everblooming and speckled
- Balsam (light)
- Chinese rose
- Asparagus
- Aspidistra
- Geranium fragrant
Educator: Pershina N.G. MBDOU "Kindergarten No. 2 in Lgova"
Relevance of the project:
Introducing preschoolers to nature is one of the most important tasks in working with children. At the same time, it is very important that the acquired knowledge is not presented in isolation, without reference to the whole complex of phenomena surrounding the subject of study. Children should always see the connection a separate type With environment, its impact on this environment, they must understand that plants and animals depend on each other and on their habitat.
Environmental education is one of the main directions in the education system; it is a way of influencing children’s feelings, their consciousness, views and ideas. Children feel the need to communicate with nature. They learn to love nature, observe, empathize, and understand that our Earth cannot exist without plants, since they not only help us breathe, but also treat us from diseases.
Flowers are not only beauty, but also a part of living nature that must be protected and protected, and, of course, known. Know the structure of a flower appearance, features, healing properties.
Anyone can pick a flower, but not everyone can say which flower they picked. Environmental project in the middle group of kindergarten "Flower Kaleidoscope".
Project type: research, cognitive and creative. Participants: children 4-5 years old.
Project implementation period: short-term (2 weeks).
Problem:“What kinds of flowers are there?”
Game motivation : "Journey to the land of flowers."
Goals:
Experiencing Diversity flowering plants, their connection with the environment; formation of a consciously correct attitude towards representatives of the plant world;
Development creativity children.
Tasks:
1. Deepen children's knowledge about flowers and their diversity.
2. Learn to compare plants, draw conclusions based on comparison.
3. Exercise in the classification of flowers, consolidate the concepts: indoor plants, garden, meadow, forest flowers.
4. Strengthen the ability to reflect received impressions in drawings and creative works.
5. Shape careful attitude to flowers, develop a desire to care for flowers.
6. Cultivate a love for beauty, the beauty of the world around us.
Expected results of the project .
1.Development of children’s cognitive interest, expansion of ideas about colors.
2. A positive emotional and conscious attitude towards nature, towards the colors that surround the child. Flowers are not only decoration of the Earth, but also healers.
3.Willingness to participate in practical improvement activities natural environment(planting, caring for flowers).
4. Skills of cultural behavior in nature, the ability to protect and care for it have been formed.
PROJECT STAGES
First stage. Goal setting (problem identification). At the first stage, the teacher formulates the problem and goals of the project, after which the product of the project is determined. Leads children into a game or story situation and then formulates tasks.
The tasks of children at this stage of the project are: getting into the problem, getting used to game situation, acceptance of objectives and goals, and addition to project objectives. The last point is very important, since one of the important tasks of a teacher is to develop an active life position in children; Children should be able to independently find and identify interesting things in the world around them.
Second phase.Project development. At this stage, the teacher (in addition to organizing activities) helps children competently plan their own activities in solving assigned tasks.
Children are united into working groups and roles are distributed.
Third stage.Project execution (organization collaboration children and teachers on the project). The teacher, if necessary, provides practical assistance to the children, and
also directs and monitors the implementation of the project.
Children develop a variety of knowledge, skills and abilities.
Fourth stage. Summarizing.
Project implementation
·
“Flowers are the beauty of the earth”, “Why were they called that”
Target: enrich children's understanding of colors and their diversity
· Heuristic conversation “Journey to the kingdom of indoor plants” .
Goals and objectives:consolidate knowledge of the names of indoor plants; continue to teach children to describe plants, noting the differences and similarities between them, characteristic features; develop speech and thinking; maintain interest in indoor plants, the desire to observe and care for them.
· Individual work in a corner of nature. Plant care.
Goals and objectives: Summarize children's ideas about caring for indoor plants; consolidate knowledge about the basic needs of indoor plants, provide information about the telltale signs of unmet needs; generalize knowledge about methods of caring for plants (watering, dust removal, loosening); develop coherent monologue speech through the ability to talk about the structural features of plants, about performing one’s actions, taking into account the structure of the labor process; develop labor skills that correspond to the content of knowledge; introduce a new type of flower care - fertilizing; cultivate a love for plants, a desire to care for them, and the ability to communicate with nature as a living organism.
· Heuristic conversation “One flower, two flowers...”
Goals and objectives: Acquaintance with the variety of flowering plants, their connection with their habitat. Exercise in the classification of flowers, consolidate the concepts: meadow, garden flowers. Develop children's powers of observation and speech. Clarify ideas about the sequence of plant growth and development.
· Viewing a presentation with frontal discussion
"Plants heal."
Goals and objectives: introduce children to medicinal plants (in particular flowers), give knowledge about the simplest ways to use some medicinal plants for treatment, the rules for collecting them: develop ecological thinking in the process research activities; instill interest in children in it; develop creative imagination and enrich communication skills, based on the free exchange of opinions; induce a positive emotional state.
· Artistic creativity– drawing “Flower Kaleidoscope”
Goals and objectives: Teach children to use their knowledge about colors. Learn to depict parts of a plant in a drawing. Strengthen the ability to draw with colored pencils. Improve your ability to look at pictures and choose the best. Develop aesthetic perception. Foster a love for living nature.
· Artistic creativity – application “Flowers-flowers”
Goals and objectives: To form children's environmental perception through artistic creativity. Continue to develop children's ideas about colors. Strengthen the ability to use scissors, glue, and colored paper.
· Didactic games.
Didactic game “Complete the flower”
Target:Strengthen the ability to quickly navigate on a sheet of paper in a box, complete drawing symmetrical objects according to a model, and select the desired shade of a felt-tip pen.
Material:Large checkered cards with images of drawn flower halves (chamomile, bellflower, cornflower, buttercup, fireweed, etc.)
Rules of the game: Children are asked to draw symmetrical halves of objects in the cells, color them and name them.
Didactic game "Flower meadows"
Target: expand knowledge in the field of quantitative representations; develop skills in word formation of adjectives (chamomile - chamomile meadow, etc.); consolidate the ability to coordinate numerals with plural nouns.
Material:hoops according to the number of children, in each of them certain meadow plants are laid out (in one - 5 daisies, in the second - 10 bells, etc.)
Rules of the game: Children dance to music in a common clearing. When the music ends, children must run into a certain clearing. The teacher asks “Which clearing did you find yourself in? What grows on it and how much. (I found myself in a cornflower meadow, there are 6 cornflowers growing on it, etc.)
Didactic game “Blind Nerd”
Target: Learn to recognize plants by smell.
Materials: meadow plants (clover, valerian, dandelion, chamomile, etc.)
Rules of the game: Children are invited to smell the flowers. Then the eyes are blindfolded, and plants are brought to the nose one by one. The child must recognize plants by smell and name it.
Didactic game “Collect a bouquet”
Target.Expand and enrich your vocabulary. Practice agreeing numerals with nouns.
Material.Subject pictures depicting flowers.
Progress of the game: Children look at flowers. Then the teacher asks the children to make bouquets of flowers. Children select the necessary pictures and list how many and what flowers they have in their bouquet.
· Outdoor games
We are flowers (Charger)
1. Straightened the stems, extended the branches (arms).
2.Straightened the leaves, rustled the leaves (fingers).
3. Gymnastics for the stem: bending the body to the right and left; back and forth.
4. Gymnastics for the roots: stretched the right leg - rotated the foot; stretched out the left leg and rotated it.
5. We wash the leaves and stems in the rain: we raised our hands up, spread our fingers, exposed our palms to the rain, and twirled.
Living flower bed
All players are divided into three teams:
1.Golden balls;
2.Marigolds;
3.Marigolds.
Children are flowers in a flower bed. Golden balls grow in the center - the tallest ones. Children raise their arms up and spin around themselves. The second circle is marigolds, they dance around the golden balls. Third circle - marigold children squat, these flowers are the lowest.
The wind blew, the flowers came to life and began to move: golden balls were spinning, marigolds were going in a circle in one direction, marigolds were going in the other.
Magic wand
With a “magic wand”, touch a flower (toy or illustration), name it, describe it (color, size, shape, where it grows, when it blooms, where it is used).
Favorite flower
Draw your favorite flower or take an illustration and dance with it to the music of the “Waltz of the Flowers”.
Find your place
Two presenters. One picks up wildflowers, the other is garden. Flower children dance to music. At the end of the music, the children run and form a circle with their leader.
Game for attention
The presenter shows cards with flowers. If this wild flower, children raise one hand. If a gardener - two hands.
· Finger games.
Goal and tasks: Develop gaming, cognitive, sensory, and speech abilities, taking into account the individual and age characteristics of children.
To develop mastery of figurative - playful and imitative movements in combination with speech. Evoke positive emotions.
FLOWERS
Our scarlet flowers are opening their petals, (Slowly extend your fingers from your fists)
The breeze breathes slightly, the petals sway. (Swing your hands left and right)
Our scarlet flowers cover their petals, (Slowly clench your fingers into fists)
They shake their heads and quietly fall asleep. (Swing your fists back and forth)
POPPY
A poppy grew on a hillock (Make a bud with the fingers of your left hand)
He bowed his head like this. (Bud tilt)
A butterfly flutters over him, (cross your hands, wave,
Flickers quickly with its wings. (like a butterfly with wings)
CHRYSANTHEMUMS
Oh! What chrysanthemums! (Show with your fingers how a flower blooms)
We'll rip them off no problem. (We pick flowers with both hands.)
Wow! We've got an armful! (Show an armful with both hands)
Eh! Let's grab it for Valya too! (Wave your hand and continue to pick flowers)
Ehehe...the flowers are gone. (Shrug in surprise.)
There weren’t enough of them before... (Spread your arms to the sides.)
Oh! Why did we destroy them? (Press both hands to your cheeks)
After all, we didn’t raise them! (shakes head sadly)
FLOWER
Increased beautiful flower in a clearing, (Press your hands, showing a flower)
The wind sways its petals. (Wiggle your fingers apart)
Beauty and breath to all petals (Press your palms with the backs of your hands
Together they grow roots underground. (Spread your fingers to the sides and shake)
· Making riddles on the topic “Flowers”.
Target. Develop figurative and associative thinking, imagination, memory; increase observation and interest in native language, enrich children's speech· “The Red Book” is the final event of the project.
Goals: to develop children’s ideas about the purpose of the Red Book;
To develop in children a caring attitude towards endangered plant species.
Compile, together with your parents (with their help), the Red Book of Flowers, find out which plants (flowers) grow in our region, officially included in the Red Book.
In the middle group, it is necessary to develop in children the ability to see the various properties and qualities of objects and their parts. Children master more complex comparison techniques, learn to establish differences and similarities between objects, and generalize objects according to certain characteristics.
The corner in the middle group is replenished with new plants. Plants in a corner of nature should have different shapes and leaf sizes.
Children in this group should:
Distinguish the characteristics of plants;
Know the conditions necessary for plant life;
With the help of the teacher, keep the plants clean and water them properly;
Be able to spray plants with small leaves with a spray bottle;
Use a dry brush to remove dust from pubescent leaves;
Determine the dependence of the method of caring for plants on the nature of the leaves.
Besides plants junior group, other plants are placed in the middle group. At the same time, there can be up to 6-8 species of plants in a corner of nature. It should be noted that in the middle group it is good to have different types plants of the same family. This will help teach children to recognize differences and similarities.
Plant type: succulent
Attitude to light: photophilous
Relation to moisture: drought-resistant
Flowering time: spring Summer
Height
Value in culture
Plant type: succulent
Attitude to light: photophilous
Relation to moisture: prefers moderate moisture, drought-resistant
Flowering time: summer
Height: high (above 100 cm), low (10-50 cm)
Value in culture: decorative foliage, medicinal
"Begonia rex"
Plant type: shrub, herbaceous
Attitude to light
Relation to moisture: moisture-loving
Flowering time: Spring Summer Autumn
Height: high (above 100 cm), medium (50-100 cm), low (10-50 cm), hanging
Value in culture: beautifully flowering, decorative foliage
"Asparagus"
Plant type: shrub, liana or hanging, herbaceous
Attitude to light: shade-tolerant, light-loving
Relation to moisture: moisture-loving
Flowering time: summer
Height: high (above 100 cm), medium (50-100 cm), hanging
Value in culture: decorative foliage
"Scented geranium"
Plant type: subshrub
Attitude to light: photophilous
Relation to moisture: prefers moderate moisture
Flowering time: summer
Height: up to 1 meter
Value in culture: flowering, decorative foliage, medicinal, aromatic
Tasks: Expand children's knowledge about indoor plants,reinforce the idea that plants are living beings. Introduce children to a new indoor plant - begonia, noting its characteristic features.
Strengthen the ability to recognize familiar plants, name their parts (root, stem, leaf, flower), using models.
Replenish and activate children's vocabulary based on deepening knowledge. Expand your vocabulary: begonia, dry and wet soil, moisture.
Cultivate interest in research activities: teach to think and draw conclusions. Encourage the desire to care for indoor plants, treat them with love and tenderness.^ Material and equipment:
for children: 2 basins with wet and dry soil, wet wipes.
for the teacher : slides, calm music; model diagrams: stem, root, leaf, flower; cards with the image of an eye and a hand; a watering can with water^ Methodical techniques :
game- use of surprise moments.
visual - use of indoor plants, cards, slide shows.
verbal - teacher’s questions, children’s answers, instructions, generalization.^ Progress of the lesson: I invite children to class, I watch their posture.(slide1 )
Music is playing and the slide “A flower is blooming” is on the screen(slide video 2 )
I'm making a riddle about indoor plants:
“They clean the air and create comfort.
The windows are turning green
^ And they bloom in winter.”
What it is?
(children's answers: indoor plants)
Why are these plants called indoor plants?
(Because they grow in rooms, in living areas)
What are indoor plants for?
(They purify the air, create beauty around us)
Houseplants are our friends. Guys, why are they called friends? (They help us)
Right.
There's a knock on the door. They deliver the parcel.
- Guys, they sent us a package, let's see what's in it.
First I take out the note and read it:
“Hello, my name is Vesna! To your group “Romashka” I give this beautiful flower. It's called begonia. Take care of him and look after him, and he will bring you a lot of joy.”
I take the begonia out of the box.
Look what a beautiful flower spring has given us. Remember, this indoor plant is called begonia.
I ask 2-3 children to repeat the name of this plant.
Let's look at begonia. This plant has a stem (withlied3 ), leaves(slide4 ), root(slide 5 ), flower(slide 6) .
(accompanied by showing the image on the flower) Begonia has round, dark green leaves, flower yellow color like a box. Begonia loves high air humidity, but does not tolerate spraying, because when moisture gets on the leaves, brown spots. This plant cannot be watered too much because it may rot. This plant loves bright light, but with mandatory protection from sunlight. In order for this flower to grow well, it must be periodically rotated on the windows. In spring and In summer, watering should be plentiful, but not too much, because... Begonia does not like stagnant water, but it does not tolerate drying out of the soil. Like all indoor plants, begonia is watered only with settled water. So we met a new indoor plant.
What do you remember about begonia? (children’s answers)
Guys, tell me, where are the indoor plants in our group? (children’s answers: in a corner of nature)
Let's introduce begonia to our indoor plants in a corner of nature.
I put the begonia in a corner of nature.
In the meantime, our flowers greet each other, I invite you tophysical exercise “Flowers”.
After the physical activity, I invite the children to go to a corner of nature.
Name familiar plants in a corner of nature.
Children call.
What does each plant have?
While the children name (root, stem, leaves), I show images of plant parts on cards.
How do you think indoor plants differ from each other? (the shape of the leaves, some have flowers, others don’t)
I see that one flower is sad. What could happen to this flower? (children’s assumptions)
The flower asks us for help. But how do you know if a plant needs to be watered? (you need to touch the soil).
Children are invited to tables where there are basins with dry and wet soil.
How can you find out where the soil in a basin is dry and where it is wet?
Show cards - models with the image of an eye (look) and with the image of a hand (touch).
Let's first look (show the image of an eye) and think about which basin the soil is dry in. (Children speak out)
Tell me, which soil is dry? (lumpy, gray)
What kind of wet ground is it? (black)
Guys, now let’s check by touch (I show a picture of a hand) what kind of soil is in each basin.
I challenge 2-3 children to determine which soil is dry (hard) and which is wet (soft).
Now let's see what kind of soil is in the pot? (dry)
How to help this flower? (you need to water it)
I water the plant and display a card with a picture of a jug of water. (A melody plays)
Look, our flower has come to life.
I invite you to sit on the chairs.
Plants are living beings. Conditions are needed for their growth and development.
Look, we have chosen a card with a picture of a watering can... And let's look at the screen and select cards that show what a houseplant needs)
appears on the screenslide 7.
Children name cards with the image of: the sun (light, warmth); a pot of earth (good earth); room (warmth), windows (air), hearts (love, care).
That's right, sun, warmth, good soil, air, watering and our care are necessary for the growth of indoor plants.
Well done, guys, we worked well in class.-
What interesting things did you learn in this lesson?
What new houseplant have you discovered?
At the end of the lesson, I conclude: “Houseplants are living beings, so we must take care of them, protect them, care for them and treat them with care.