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thornless blackberry

When shoots begin to grow at the blackberry seedling, they must be tied to a support (for example, to a wire trellis). You can run blackberry lashes along a fence or a large apple tree, along the wall of a barn or house. You just need to remember about your own safety - fast-growing blackberry shoots have sharp thorns!

Long whips of our hybrid blackberry amaze with the number of strong spines. In our garden, 8 blackberry bushes were planted along a fence 42 meters long. The fence is supporting pillars between which aluminum wire is stretched horizontally. The growing blackberry shoots were tied to the wire in a fan. Method air layers- a cellophane sleeve is put on the grafted cuttings to the grafting site, into which the soil is filled. The ends of the sleeves are tied. In order to prevent the soil from straying, the sleeve is tied up several times with transverse strapping like a sausage. The soil is moistened as needed by injection into the sleeve with a medical syringe. Transparencies sleeves allows you to monitor the humidity and the process of root formation. After 1-1.5 months, the cutting can already be divided into segments with roots and seated in separate containers.

Method 1

1. Blackberry propagation is carried out by seeds or vegetatively.
2. Beforehand, it is necessary to carry out some preparation: the earth around the bush is loosened and topped up with mulch - humus or peat. After that, the prepared soil is watered and a groove is made up to 20 cm deep. Then, carefully, trying not to damage the base, remove up to 5 leaves from the selected branch, and under each bud on the branch, carefully make a shallow incision with a blade, after which the branch, without separating it from the mother bush, is placed vertically in a furrow and sprinkled with earth, tamping a little top with hands.
3. During this time, the substrate is kept moist, avoiding waterlogging. Next, containers with embedded seeds are moved to a warm room, where the temperature is at least 20 degrees. After the plant has “acquired” three leaves, the plantings are thinned out, leaving only strong specimens, so that the distance between them is about 3-4 cm. After the appearance of 4 true leaves, the plants are planted in prepared soil.
4. After some time, a mini blackberry bush with roots and young shoots will grow from a kidney in water. He is what interests us.
5. This method is suitable if you will take planting material from bushes that have been growing for more than 3 years. During this time, they have already acquired a powerful root system, which has spread underground, and in some places the so-called offspring, young shoots from the root, have appeared. In this case, you just need to dig up the offspring with part of the root system and land on permanent place. It is best to perform this procedure in the spring, after persistent warming, then survival will be much better.
6. The digging site, if the soil is crumbly, can be pressed down with a brick or stone from above, or a branch can be pinned with a loop of thick wire to the bottom of the hole.

But what if you want to get as much as possible as soon as possible? planting material and even save money? There is a way out: we study ways to breed blackberries and choose the most effective one for ourselves.​

Acquired at the beginning of April 2000 by barter from an acquaintance (he did not know the name of the variety). I immediately planted them in the ground, leaving one kidney on the surface. Before planting, to improve rooting, he prepared the cuttings. Above the upper kidney at a height of 3 cm, he made a horizontal incision, sealing it carefully with plasticine. An incision was made above the lower kidney at an angle of 45°. With a sharply sharpened knife, very carefully and carefully made four cuts only in the bark of the cuttings, starting from the second kidney and to the very bottom, while not cutting the kidneys themselves.

Method 2

Propagation of blackberries by seeds is also not difficult. They are sown in the garden before winter, immediately to a permanent place, to a depth of 4-5 cm.

During the garden season, long lashes of blackberries fill the entire space of the fence. And it is impossible for anyone to pass through this living prickly defense! Barbed wire and the famous Bruno spiral compared to the bristling thorns of the hybrid blackberry are just nonsense. On the lashes of a blackberry, the spines are located in different directions, and as soon as you contrive, they will still dig into any clothes, even the strongest. And our blackberry, after repelling the attacks of unexpected guests, produced two or three new shoots in place of the torn off pieces of lashes.

Blackberry seed propagation does not allow saving varietal characteristics; they are sown in autumn or spring (after storage in wet sand).

Propagation by cuttings

As you can see, there are no difficulties! Most often, when deciding how to propagate blackberries, they refuse the seed method at all because of its laboriousness. Firstly, seedlings propagated in this way begin to bear fruit only for 3-4 years. And secondly, if during the transplantation of sprouts from trays into the ground, the root system of the blackberry is damaged, then the plant turns into an aggressor, starting to multiply independently in all directions by root offspring. In general, seed propagation allows you to get hardy seedlings with excellent qualities. We separate this young seedling along with part of the cutting itself and plant it in a glass with a light nutrient soil mixture for growing seedlings, lightly water it.

1. In the photo, blackberry cuttings
2. We mulch and regularly water the ground at the place of digging.
3. Propagation of blackberries and growing it on household plots is gaining more and more popularity. And this is no accident! There are plenty of reasons to cultivate this plant: fragrant berries are a storehouse of vitamins and microelements, unpretentiousness in agricultural technology, the ability to quickly get a plant for a hedge - are these not arguments to settle garden blackberries on your site!
4. Planting pits for blackberries prepared in the fall. I dug them at a distance of 1.5 m from each other with a size of 60 × 60x60 cm. The composition of the soil for growing blackberries: one third of well-rotted humus, coarse-grained river sand and the upper part of the fertile soil layer. All this was thoroughly mixed right in the pit and mulched on top by 5 cm river sand. Every day, at least three times a day, the seedlings were abundantly watered. In the first year, by autumn, the cuttings took root and gave thornless shoots up to 3 m in length. They on next year in mid-August, the first harvest was given. On brushes from 8 to 20 large berries the size of a plum.
5. A limited number of blackberry seeds can be sown in school, with the subsequent transfer of seedlings to a permanent place in the fall.
6. Such an economic use of a hybrid blackberry as an impenetrable hedge was highly appreciated by many summer residents. I even had to experiment to find ways to accelerate the reproduction of our blackberries to meet the high demand for planting material ...
7. Blackberry has long attracted the attention of world scientists, attempts to introduce it into culture began in the middle of the 19th century. One of the first to hybridize blackberries was I.V. Michurin. The modern garden blackberry hybrids bred by breeders are distinguished by abundant fruiting, large-fruited.

Varieties of upright blackberries are propagated by lignified and green offspring in summer and early autumn or by root cuttings in greenhouses or pots (except for thornless varieties, which grow thorns with this method), which are harvested in late autumn or in early spring. Young (1-3-year-old) roots are taken with a diameter of 0.3-1.3 cm and a length of 5-18 cm, placing them horizontally when planting, at a depth of 7-10 cm.

Many novice gardeners are concerned about the question of how to propagate blackberries with cuttings. In fact, there is nothing difficult in this.

orchardo.ru

Propagation of blackberries by cuttings and not only

We propagate blackberries with seeds

As for the vegetative method, there are several options, each of which will be considered in more detail.​

Now you can put the next kidney in the water! The process is repeated.​

But not all varieties of blackberries produce root offspring. For hybrids and large-fruited blackberries, this method is not suitable.

After 2 months, in the first decade of October, we carefully dig up the shoots with a pitchfork, they should already take root, as evidenced by young thick white roots.

Reproduction of blackberries in other ways

Of course, you understand that a plant like a blackberry is planted not for 1 year, and not even for 5. In one place, a shrub can grow and bear fruit well for more than 10 years! Therefore, it is clear that you took care of choosing a variety and purchased promising seedlings in a nursery or from amateur gardeners.​

• Simultaneously with flowering, the bush drives out young shoots. The first two or three years, since the young blackberry bush is still weak, it is necessary to leave up to three young shoots, the rest must be removed. In adult bushes, 5-7 shoots can be left. By autumn, they grow up to 7-9 m in length. In autumn, the shoots that bear fruit are removed. I leave only the young shoots of this year. This variety (large-fruited thornless) can reproduce independently. The ends of young shoots, touching the ground, take root quickly. To do this, from August to October, I carefully water the bushes with sprinkling, so that there is always moist ground around them. It creates favorable conditions and facilitates rooting. One bush gives several dozen rooted shoots. In the spring, I cut off the rooted shoots, and tie the main shoots to a trellis up to two meters high. From many years of experience, I will say that it is best to tie the shoots to the trellis with pieces of nylon stockings or tights cut along a width of 2 cm. They are very durable, serve for a long time, do not injure plants and provide good cushioning in the wind.​

However, when transplanting from a school, blackberry seedlings must be carefully dug up with a clod of earth so that the roots do not suffer. If young blackberry roots are damaged during transplantation, the mechanism of reproduction by root offspring may “turn on”. And then the blackberry will turn into an aggressor. But blackberry seedlings grown from cuttings lose this mechanism.

The garden blackberry hybrid reproduces perfectly vegetatively - by cuttings, with an almost 100% guarantee of their rooting. It is enough to hold blackberry cuttings from well-ripened shoots in the cellar (or in the refrigerator, under freezer) for 2-3 months in a plastic bag or cup with wet sand. It is necessary to ensure that the cuttings do not dry out.

• I managed to purchase an English blackberry hybrid, its "parents" were the world's best varieties. For five years now, this high-yielding blackberry has been successfully growing and bearing fruit in our garden on supports.​

Varieties of creeping blackberries are propagated by rooted tops or green cuttings in summer. The shoots selected for propagation, which have reached a length of 60-90 cm, are pinched - this causes dormant buds to wake up on the shoots and side shoots grow from them. In August, their ends acquire a peculiar appearance: they become thin, elongated, with small leaves, and then a thickening forms at the top of these shoots. If it is slightly buried in the soil, watered, then root formation will occur in the same year, and the next year a shoot grows, which is separated from the mother plant with a clod of earth and planted.

You can propagate the bush with lignified or green cuttings.

We grow young blackberry bushes on the windowsill or in the greenhouse until spring.

Like currants, blackberries are very easy to propagate with green cuttings, that is, parts of shoots. This is the most productive way, because from one bud you get 1 seedling. Read the instructions carefully, and you will succeed.​

We cut off the finished seedling from the mother bush and immediately plant it in a permanent place.

If you have a mother plant, you can grow about 20 seedlings from it. This method is the most cost-effective and suitable for beginner gardeners.​

Summing up

In autumn, I lay the shoots on the ground and cover them as follows. I untie the shoots from the trellis, I put boards on them. In order to press them more tightly to the ground, I put logs of the appropriate weight on the boards. From above, carefully, so that there are no cracks, I cover with reeds. I came to the conclusion that the best covering material for blackberries is reeds. In the spring, as soon as the snow melts, I clean it up and burn it. I put the reed ashes under the bushes, as it is not only an excellent covering material, but also a wonderful fertilizer.

Blackberries are superior to raspberries in many ways. Blackberries are not inferior to raspberries and medicinal properties: its fruits have anti-inflammatory, wound healing, anti-burn, bactericidal, diaphoretic and soothing effects.

grounde.ru

Blackberry propagation methods

In February-March, I put blackberry cuttings in a jar of water and place it on the windowsill. If the apartment has very dry air, then you can cover the cuttings from above plastic bag protecting from drying out. Quite quickly, after 2-3 weeks, blackberry cuttings increase leaf buds and leaves appear. And soon a root system will form on the cuttings.

Propagation by seeds

The powerful bush of our English blackberry hybrid has long, strong lashes covered with formidable thorns. Blackberry roots penetrate very deeply, so mature plants do not need watering.

Blackberry varieties with high shoot-forming ability are propagated as follows: in July, long (1.5-2.5 m) shoots are laid out in grooves about 8-10 cm deep, previously dug around the bush, without separating from the mother plant. Under each kidney, several shallow cuts are made with a razor. The shoots are covered with soil, leaving the leaves and the top of the shoot on the surface. Over time, a thickening forms at the top of the shoot, which is sprinkled with soil and soon an ordinary seedling is obtained. In the same or next year, roots form on the stems laid in the groove under each bud, and a shoot grows from the bud. In the autumn, between the shoots, they feel the old stem with a secateurs and cut it. Blackberry shoots are dug out carefully, without damaging the roots, with a clod of earth, and transplanted to a permanent place.

Reproduction by tops

In the first case, towards the end of autumn, they dig up a blackberry branch. The aerial part is cut off and placed in a container with prepared soil - in the spring the plant will be ready for transplanting. Blackberry cuttings are grafted onto the remaining stumps by copulation, preferably another variety. After the work done, the cuttings are carefully bent, placed in a box with prepared soil and carefully sprinkled with earth to the place of inoculation.

Reproduction by shoots

In this way, blackberries of upright varieties, such as Eldorado, Agawam and others, are usually propagated. Offspring - young shoots formed on roots or rhizomes, annually in in large numbers grow near the bush. Appearing in the spring, they actively grow and develop throughout the spring. summer period leaving no connection with the main plant. For work, the most fruitful and strong bush is selected, from which offspring are taken. Work to increase the number of seedlings by offspring is carried out in May-June: shoots are selected, the length of which by this time has reached 10 cm. The shoot is separated from the main plant, digging it out with a small clod of earth, and transplanting it to the planned place - it’s good if the soil is prepared in advance and well fertilized with organic fertilizers.

Photograph of a blackberry bush

Reproduction by green cuttings

Video about blackberry cuttings

Propagation by woody cuttings

Such a digging can be done in the fall at the end of September-beginning of October, and young seedlings can be planted in the spring.

Propagation by air layering

Video about blackberry breeding

sad-dacha-garden.com

Blackberry garden hybrid

I feed three times a season. I spend the first one in early August: I dilute one bucket of mullein per bush with water in a ratio of 1: 8, insist on the sun for at least a week, stirring it many times during the day. After feeding, be sure to water abundantly. I add a half-liter jar wood ash. I do the same top dressing at the time of flowering and in mid-September.

When the roots of the blackberry develop sufficiently (up to 4-5 cm long) and small suction roots (lobe) appear, then the stalk can already be planted in the ground. I fill the empty containers with soil from under food products and put rooted blackberry cuttings in them.

Benefits of a hybrid blackberry

The berries of our blackberries are large, black, in racemes. And in winter, its thorny shoots protect the site from hares.

The same shoots at the same time are used for cutting single-bud cuttings from the upper third of the shoot (except for the last two buds). Cuttings, consisting of a part of the stem, bud and leaf, are treated with a growth stimulator and planted for rooting in containers with soil mixture (peat and sand, vermiculite, crushed expanded clay, etc.) in a ratio of 2:1. Cups with cuttings are placed in a greenhouse, cuttings are often sprayed.

As for the second method - propagation by green cuttings, everything is even simpler here. A blackberry stalk cut off in autumn is placed in a vessel with water, the branch is carefully bent so that the other end is placed in a container with soil. After about two months, the tip takes root and shoots.

In some cases, the offspring are left at the mother bush until the end of the summer period, and they are transplanted already in late August - early September, but in this case the plants are pruned. Their length, when viewed from the root, should not exceed 30-40 cm. Regardless of when the jigging takes place, among the 15-17 offspring that the bush gives, you need to choose only the strongest, most developed, annual branches. In this case, you can be sure that the berry crop will not lose its properties, and will bear fruit abundantly every year.

Hybrid blackberry as a hedge

When it sweeps outside the window, the frost crackles, on your windowsill it pleases the eye and inspires hope for future harvest a small plantation of bright green blackberry bushes. Of course, you spent a particle of your work and time on it. But if you do it with pleasure, putting your soul into it, is it not the happiness of a gardener - even in winter to do what you love! And breeding blackberries is now not a problem for you!​

In autumn, prepare cuttings from annual shoots. There should be at least 2, maximum 3 buds on the handle. It should not be longer than 15 centimeters. We cut the leaves. We are interested in the kidneys sleeping in the sinuses.

In the photo, blackberry seedlings

Propagation of hybrid blackberry cuttings

In the first decade of August, when the heat subsides, we select healthy annual shoots and dig them in to a shallow depth, approximately into the bayonet of a shovel. We do not cut off the shoot from the mother bush.

As a top dressing, blackberries should not be given ash. coniferous trees. This is a poison for the root system of plants!

This berry is still rare in summer cottages. But in supermarkets - please. True, frozen. Blackberries are regularly delivered to us from America. At unaffordable prices. Although ours is not only cheaper, but also sweeter and healthier! And growing blackberries is no more difficult than raspberries.

You can plant blackberry seedlings in a permanent place in open ground at any time after the soil has thawed. You just need to remember that young plants transferred to the garden at first need acclimatization and protection from possible adverse factors(hot sun, wind, frost). After all, the difference between the strength of light on the windowsill and when the seedling is under open sky. Therefore, after transplanting the blackberries into the garden, within 7-10 days, the seedlings need to be shaded - so that the direct sun does not burn the first young leaves that appeared even in room conditions.

Years of testing this blackberry hybrid in my garden have shown that it is quite frost-resistant in the conditions of central Russia, has great energy growth. For a year, an adult plant grows 5-6 very long shoots, on which it ripens beautiful harvest. The yield of this blackberry is 5-6 times higher than that of raspberries! At the same time, there was no shedding of berries and damage to blackberries by pests (no treatments were carried out from insects and diseases). The excellent properties of the berries of the hybrid garden blackberry were also appreciated by us.

Most blackberry species do not root well with lignified cuttings. However, blackberry cuttings of many varieties, put into the water in the autumn winter period, form the rudiments of roots not on the heel, but on the apical part of the cutting, if it was in a humid environment (in plastic bag). They take a vessel with water, put a stalk in it, and tilt the top and drop it into a container with soil. After 1.5-2 months, the top of the cutting takes root and shoots a replacement.

Propagation of blackberries by seeds

We examined the most popular breeding options for such berry culture like a blackberry. As you can see, there is nothing complicated in this. The main thing is to choose a strong bush or shoots, to correctly conduct preliminary training soil and further work, which are quite simple.​

Reproduction by tops

As noted above, the process of propagation of garden blackberries - an increase in the number of seedlings, can occur in two ways: by seeds and vegetatively. Most gardeners avoid seed propagation of berry bushes, although this method is not difficult. In this case, one of two options is followed: in the first, the seeds are immediately sown in a certain place on the site, before winter.

Important! We turn the cutting down with the upper kidney and put it in a jar of water so that the water covers only the lower kidney. 2 other kidneys are still resting.

gardenia.ru

Cultivation of blackberries | Garden and Dacha

Blackberry cultivation

With this method of propagation of garden blackberries, the top of the shoot is dug in, the tip of which must also be cut off beforehand. All further actions are the same as in method 1. But you can separate the resulting seedlings in the spring.

The end of the escape is outside. It needs to be cut by 10-15 centimeters to stop growth.

Preparation of cuttings

In addition, I will reveal another secret. Before shelter in the winter, I put under each blackberry bush plastic bag from under sugar and dry leaves, which I collect in a deciduous forest. When rotting, they provide excellent fertilizer and also protect well. root system plants from freezing during a snowless and little snowy winter, which is now not uncommon. The plants do not have any pests, over the years they have not been sick with anything. I water adult plants in two days, 20-30 liters of water under a bush. I loosen the soil in the morning after watering. Plants do not like dimming, so they must be planted in a brightly lit area. Here are my tips. ripe berry easily comes off the leg. One bush gives up to 2.5 large buckets, the size of a small plum, fragrant and very delicious berries! They make wonderful jam and wonderful blackberry compote.​ Three cuttings of large-fruited​To protect the planted blackberry seedlings, old buckets without a bottom are suitable - this way the plants get enough light and air, and direct sun rays no. Yes, and the soil dries up more slowly, and a weak seedling is isolated from a strong wind.

planting blackberries

Separately, I would like to note one more completely unexpected for me useful property of this plant, very important in modern conditions.​

Care and cultivation of blackberries

​There is old method blackberry propagation by lignified cuttings. In order for the buds to germinate and root, the cuttings need to be fed. To do this, they dig up a blue-gray wild-growing blackberry in the fall, cut off above-ground part and planted in a container, and the hemp remaining from the shoots is vaccinated by the method of improved copulation of long (20-40 cm) cuttings of a cultivated variety. After grafting, these long cuttings are carefully bent and buried to the grafting site in a box with light earth to a depth of 2 to 5 cm.

blackberry shelter

If everything went right, then young blackberry bushes will delight you good harvest delicious and healthy berries. However, it is worth noting that small errors are acceptable, since in most cases they do not have a serious negative impact.​

Feeding and watering blackberries

In this way, climbing (shooting) varieties are propagated. The fact is that such bushes practically do not form offspring, therefore, to obtain planting material in the right amount take the non-lignified part of the shoots. The ends of plants, the length of which is approximately 30-35 cm (possible length up to 90 cm), are placed in a groove 20-30 cm deep and sprinkled with earth. As a result of the work carried out, 3-4 young plants are obtained, which can later be transplanted. Simply put, the plant is simply shaded, the branch is bent down and sprinkled with earth along its entire length. The second method involves preliminary planting seeds in pots or trays. This happens as follows: blackberry seeds pre-soaked (preferably in melted or rainwater) for 2-3 days are placed in trays with a prepared substrate - a mixture of wet sand, which can be replaced with peat chips, and light soil. The soil layer above the seeds should not exceed 8mm. The soil is lightly compacted and watered. After the procedures, pots or trays are placed in a cool place (2-5 degrees) for 1-2 months. Autumn pruning of garden blackberries Berry like a blackberry

Many people love blackberry fruits and almost everyone wants to plant it on their site. What can be done if you cut cuttings from neighboring bushes in the summer. Having planted a blackberry, you can enjoy the fruits for more than ten years. Only then does it become necessary to lay new rows.

The cultivation of blackberries is also said by the fact that its fruits are a source of vitamins and minerals. In general, blackberries are not only a tasty guest in the garden, but also terribly healthy.

June is considered the most successful time for breeding blackberries, in the Middle lane - July. At this time, cuttings with several buds are cut from neighboring bushes. When landing on the surface, only one kidney is left. Cuttings will take root better if their lower parts are dipped in Kornerost solution or pollinated with Kornevin powder. The old proven heteroauxin will do.

Everyone knows that they propagate blackberries with lignified cuttings. Why do they put them in the water on the windowsill and wait for the roots to appear. Also, plants are planted in the garden in a permanent place, as soon as the soil thaws.

In summer, 15-20 cm cuttings are cut and planted in special greenhouses in the shade. The soil in the greenhouse is often watered so that almost 100% humidity is obtained under the shelter. When shoots begin to grow actively (this usually happens after a month of languishing in a greenhouse), the plants are planted in a permanent place.

Those who have tried to plant like this know that many seedlings do not take root. Much more reliable plants leave in shkolka until autumn and only after leaf fall plant plants in a permanent place. The roots of such seedlings are stronger, and almost all the bushes take root in a new place.

By the way, not all blackberry varieties are successfully propagated by lignified cuttings. Many simply die. Therefore, summer cuttings will be a real find for many varieties. In particular, the famous Thornfree variety reproduces much better with green cuttings than with lignified ones.

Reproduction by green cuttings is also resorted to when the bush drives too much growth.

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But what to do if you really want to get as much planting material as possible as soon as possible, and even save money at the same time? There is a way out: we study ways to breed blackberries and choose the most effective one for ourselves.

Reproduction of blackberries and its cultivation in personal plots is becoming increasingly popular. And this is no accident! There are plenty of reasons to cultivate this plant: fragrant berries are a storehouse of vitamins and microelements, unpretentiousness in agricultural technology, the ability to quickly get a plant - are these not arguments to settle blackberries in your garden!

Of course, you understand that a plant like a blackberry is planted not for 1 year, and not even for 5. In one place, a shrub can grow and bear fruit well for more than 10 years! Therefore, it is understandable that you took care and purchased promising seedlings from a nursery or from amateur gardeners.

If you have a mother plant, about 20 seedlings can be grown from it. This method is the most cost-effective and suitable for beginner gardeners.

Video about blackberry breeding

Method 1

1. In the first decade of August, when the heat subsides, we select healthy annual shoots and dig them in at a shallow depth, approximately in the bayonet of a shovel. We do not cut off the shoot from the mother bush.
2. The end of the escape is outside. It needs to be trimmed by 10-15 centimeters to stop growth.
3. The place of digging, if the soil is crumbly, can be pressed down with a brick or stone from above, or a branch can be pinned with a loop of thick wire to the bottom of the hole.
4. We mulch and regularly water the earth in the place of digging.
5. After 2 months, in the first decade of October, we carefully dig up the shoots with a pitchfork, they should already take root, as evidenced by young thick white roots.
6. We cut off the finished seedling from the mother bush and immediately plant it in a permanent place.

Such a digging can be done in the fall at the end of September-beginning of October, and in the spring young seedlings can be planted.

If you have a mother plant, you can grow about 20 seedlings from it

Method 2

With this method of propagation of garden blackberries, the top of the shoot is dug in, the tip of which must also be cut off beforehand. All further actions are the same as in method 1. But the resulting seedlings can be separated in the spring.

To make the shoot take root faster, there is a little trick. Before digging in the place where it will be in the ground, it is necessary sharp knife lightly scratch or cut the bark to make it easier for the roots to break through.

This method is suitable if you take planting material from bushes that have been growing for more than 3 years. During this time, they have already acquired a powerful root system, which has spread underground, and in some places the so-called offspring, young shoots from the root, have appeared. In this case, you just need to dig up the offspring with part of the root system and plant them in a permanent place. It is best to perform this procedure in the spring, after persistent warming, then survival will be much better.

For hybrids and large-fruited blackberries, this method is not suitable.

But not all varieties of blackberries produce root offspring. For hybrids and large-fruited blackberries, this method is not suitable.

Like currants, blackberries are very easy to propagate with green cuttings, that is, parts of shoots. This is the most productive way, because from one bud you get 1 seedling. Read the instructions carefully and you will be fine.

Video about blackberry cuttings

1. In autumn, prepare cuttings from annual shoots. There should be at least 2, maximum 3 buds on the handle. It should not be longer than 15 centimeters. We cut the leaves. We are interested in the kidneys sleeping in the sinuses.
2. Important! We turn the cutting down with the upper kidney and put it in a jar of water so that the water covers only the lower kidney. The other 2 kidneys are resting.
3. We put the jar on the windowsill and regularly add water as it evaporates.
4. After some time, a mini blackberry bush with roots and young shoots will grow from a kidney in water. He is what interests us.
5. We separate this young seedling along with part of the cutting itself and plant it in a glass with a light nutrient soil mixture for growing seedlings, lightly water it.
6. Now you can put the next kidney in the water! The process is repeated.
7. We grow young blackberry bushes on the windowsill or in the greenhouse until spring.

Like currants, blackberries are very easy to propagate with green cuttings, that is, parts of shoots.

When frost is sweeping outside the window, a small plantation of bright green blackberry bushes pleases the eye on your windowsill and inspires hope for the future harvest. Of course, you spent a particle of your work and time on it. But if you do it with pleasure, putting your soul into it, is it not the happiness of a gardener - even in winter to do what you love! And breeding blackberries is now not a problem for you!

Reproduction of any varieties of blackberries is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance. There are many ways to plant blackberry bushes. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Breeding blackberries does not require special knowledge, as it may seem to many summer residents. Growing blackberry bushes is no more difficult than growing raspberries or fruit trees. Blackberry bushes can still be rarely found on domestic plots, although blackberries belong to undemanding plants and it is very easy to take care of it. The advantage of garden blackberries is a large amount of vitamins and minerals in ripe fruits. The berries are juicy and sweet, and they also make delicious jam.

The specificity of blackberry reproduction at different times of the year

Growing blackberries at home naturally is not so difficult. Landing in certain time year is different in its own way. Mostly plants are planted in spring and autumn. In summer, bushes are planted in extreme cases, when there is no other possibility to plant blackberry bushes. In autumn, it is recommended to plant a plant in the southern and central regions.

High humidity contributes to the spectacular growth of roots in the winter. With the onset of spring, seedlings actively begin to grow.

When planting cuttings in the spring, they do not have time to take root before the onset of heat. And when the heat comes, the cuttings immediately begin to increase the deciduous mass, which does not have a very good effect on the yield and health of plants. In autumn, cuttings are planted one month before the onset of cold weather. And in the spring, cuttings should be planted until the air temperature rises to +15 degrees.

Reproduction methods

There are many ways to propagate blackberries in the garden. Some of them are simple enough that even a beginner in gardening can cope with the reproduction of the berry. Only experienced summer resident. Each method of growing blackberries also has its pros and cons.

tops

Propagation by tips is suitable for climbing and climbing varieties that form long and elastic shoots. As a rule, this is the way the plant propagates in the wild. Propagation by tips is suitable for beginners in gardening and for those summer residents who do not want to spend a lot of time on this. Stages of plant propagation:

• In the period from the first decade of July to the first days of August, you need to bend the tops of young shoots to the soil.
• The top 15 cm should be covered with soil or spud.
• After about a month, the tops will give roots and begin to actively develop.
• With the onset of autumn, the tops are covered with spruce branches or straw.
• In the spring, they are carefully cut off from the mother bush and transplanted to a new place.

This method of reproduction is considered one of the simplest, but at the same time effective. It is rare that some of the tops do not give roots.

By dividing the bush

Growing crops by dividing the bush is most common among summer residents. Almost any plant can be planted in this way. And the blackberry is no exception. Any kind of berry can be diluted with this method.

Cultivation of shrubs in this way is suitable if there are no young shoots on the berry, and other methods are not suitable.

Stages of growing blackberries by dividing the bush:

• In spring or autumn, blackberry bushes are dug up.
• After that, the bush is divided in such a way that each part has 2-3 healthy shoots. At the same time, there should be at least one kidney on the roots.
• From one adult bush, as a rule, 6-7 bushes are obtained.
• After that, the separated seedlings are transplanted to a permanent place.

This method is suitable if the shrub has grown strongly and needs to be transplanted.

Root offspring

With the onset of spring, each plant begins to expel root offspring for further reproduction. As soon as the root suckers reach a length of 15 cm, they must be cut off with a sharp pruner and transplanted to a new place. In order not to wait for autumn, this process can be accelerated. In autumn, a large clod of soil is left on the rhizome. Thus, the plant will not feel any changes, which means it will not get sick in the spring.

layering

Top layering is best propagated climbing varieties blackberries. A large number of bushes can be obtained if the mother plant has grown sufficiently, and those shoots that could produce a crop are not particularly needed:

• Next to the kut, you need to dig a trench to a depth of 20 cm.
• At the end of summer, you need to attach the shoot to the soil and bury it.
• Only the tops should remain on the surface of the soil.
• After the shoot is completely covered with earth, it is pinched on both sides. On the one hand, at the base. On the other hand, at the top.
• Then the shoot is mulched and watered abundantly.
• After about 2 months, the first roots appear, as well as new shoots.

In the spring, you can start transplanting layering to a new place.

Reproduction in water by a dormant bud

This method takes a lot of time, but it is very effective. Stages of blackberry propagation:

• In early October, cut young cuttings about 15 cm long. Cut off the leaves, and place the shoots themselves in the refrigerator.
• In February, get the cuttings, place in a jar of water so that only one kidney is in the water.
• A jar of cuttings should be kept in the sun and periodically change the water.
• After some time, roots will appear from the cuttings, after which the lower part of the cutting is cut off and planted in a container with soil.
• The second kidney is lowered into the water, and it will also give roots.

In this way, you can grow several seedlings at once. In the spring, cuttings with roots are planted in a permanent place.

cuttings

You can plant blackberries using cuttings. This method is suitable for any variety of berries. The advantage of cuttings is that when minimal cost available maximum amount seedlings.

Cutting process:

• In autumn, cuttings 40 cm long are cut from young, but already lignified shoots.
• Then you need to bury them with earth to a depth of 20 cm.
• With the onset of spring, dig the cuttings, cut them off on both sides by 5 cm and cover them with soil again.
• The cuttings are regularly weeded and watered.
• When the first pair of leaves appears, the cuttings are dug out of the ground and planted in separate pots.

After new leaves appear on them, the blackberries are planted in a permanent place.

stem cuttings

Landing stem cuttings technology is exactly the same as conventional cuttings.

seeds

Growing blackberries by seed is the longest. From the moment the seeds are planted to the appearance of the first berries, at least 5 years pass. In addition, not all novice summer residents will be able to cope with this matter. Germination of store seeds is very low and is only 10%. The germination rate of seeds harvested by hand reaches 80%. To get seeds, you need to collect overripe berries and mix them. As a result, the seeds should separate. Rinse the blackberry gruel several times in water through gauze to wash the seeds.

Spread the seeds on cheesecloth and dry. Then you need to remove them in a dark room for 2-3 months. For example, in the refrigerator. Put the seeds in a container and cover with wet sand.

In spring, the seeds are planted in the ground. Containers with future sprouts are placed under phytolamps. In autumn, the seeds are planted in open ground. Do not be afraid that the sprouts will freeze. Such conditions are quite natural for blackberries. In the spring, after the snow melts, the first sprouts should appear. When they grow up, they are seated.

Plus seed growing - the ability to care for seedlings at home. In addition, sprouts can be planted in spring at any time after the end of night and day frosts. You can also control the quality and quantity of blackberry shoots. Minus - the sprouts will have to create favorable conditions for them to germinate.

Green cuttings

Another easy way to propagate blackberries is with green cuttings. To do this, in the summer, when the leaves of the bushes are fully formed, several shoots are cut off. These shoots are then cut like cuttings. Cut off a couple lower leaves leaving only the top.

Each seedling is planted in separate containers (you can use peat cups). The containers are put in a dark, warm room and covered with cling film to create the effect of a greenhouse. Regularly ventilate and water the cuttings. Roots should appear in 2 weeks. After another week, you can plant the blackberry in a permanent place and root it there. This method is good because with a minimum investment of time, you can grow a large number of berry seedlings.

How to propagate blackberries without thorns?

The thornless blackberry is propagated by apical layering. But other methods are also suitable. When growing, it should be remembered that in the first year the shoots do not bear fruit, and in the second year, lateral shoots with fruits, although they form, but then die off altogether.

For planting thornless varieties, attention should be paid to the composition of the soil. Before planting cuttings with roots, the earth is mixed with wet sand, peat and mineral fertilizers. Thickness fertile soil is about 10 mm.

Possible mistakes

The main mistake when growing blackberries is strictly following the recommended planting dates, even if weather unfavorable. Cuttings should be immediately rooted in the ground at a permanent planting site. When transplanting, delicate roots can be damaged. Another mistake is non-compliance with the rules of agricultural technology. Many gardeners do not pay attention to care during the propagation of blackberries, which is also a mistake.

Blackberries, like raspberries, are propagated by seeds and vegetatively: by apical layers (in open field), root suckers (lignified and green), root and green cuttings, division of bushes, tissue culture method.

Upright blackberries are propagated by root offspring, green and root cuttings, dividing the bush, and seeds.

The main methods are propagation by apical and lateral layering (Fig. 1) and root offspring, the remaining methods of vegetative propagation are auxiliary.

In amateur gardening, the most acceptable propagation of blackberries is by root offspring and root cuttings.

Reproduction by seeds. In blackberries, it is possible, since most varieties and species retain their economically valuable traits well.

During seed propagation, according to I. V. Michurin, most seedlings in blackberries have good properties: “When sowing the first generation, excellent seedlings were obtained - up to 40% of the total number of seedlings turned out to be much more enduring than their producers, and when sowing in the second generation from the seeds of a selected seedling with best qualities, both in terms of the merits of the berries, and the greater endurance of the plant itself, up to 80% of seedlings were quite worthy of cultivation. Their endurance has increased so much that they endure frosts of 27.5 ... 30 ° C without harm even in the absence of snow.

Low natural seed germination can be increased by applying scarification (partial mechanical or chemical destruction of the hard shell) and stratification (pre-sowing treatment low temperatures). Before sowing, it is good to hold the seeds in snow or rain water for 2-3 days. A suitable substrate for sowing moistened seeds is light soil, peat chips or wet sand. Seeds should not be covered with substrate more than 8 mm. After planting the seeds, the soil is lightly compacted and watered. Trays or pots with sown seeds are kept for 1.5-2 months in a cold room at a temperature of 2 ... 5 ° C, keeping the substrate sufficiently moist, but not over-moistened. When the exposure to cold ends, the trays (boxes, pots) are transferred to a room with a temperature of about 20 ° C for germination. With the appearance of three true leaves on the seedlings, they are thinned out.

Rooting of the apical buds of the shoots (pulping). In young shoots of creeping blackberries, when they reach 60 cm in height, the top is shortened by 10-12 cm. Lateral shoots grow from axillary buds. When the tops of the side shoots become spindle-shaped and they have small leaves and thickenings at the end, they are pressed to the ground, deepened by 5 cm and sprinkled with a loose, moist substrate. By the end of the growing season, the tops take root and form a vegetative bud. That fall or spring next year the top is cut off from the mother plant and left until autumn in the same place or transplanted for growing.

Rice. 1. Propagation of blackberries by layering

1 - uterine bush; 2 - creeping shoot; 3 - layers after rooting

To increase the yield of seedlings on the lateral shoot under the buds, make light notches with a razor and lay it, without cutting it off from the mother bush, in a groove with loose, moist soil. By the autumn of next year, shoots grow from the buds and take root. The stem is carefully dug up and divided into separate seedlings, trying not to shake off the soil from the roots. With careless digging, tender roots break off and seedlings do not take root well in a new place.

Reproduction by root suckers. All blackberry varieties with upright shoots (Agavam, Eldorado, etc.) are propagated by root offspring, which grow annually in large numbers near the bush. Their number depends on the variety of blackberries, soil moisture, content in it nutrients and plant care. Root offspring are young shoots formed on roots, less often rhizomes (rhizome offspring), which come to the surface of the soil in spring, grow and develop without losing contact with the mother plant, and reach a height of 0.5-1 m by autumn.

To obtain planting material, one or two high-yielding healthy (uterine) bushes are selected, from which the offspring growing around them are then taken. Green offspring are usually dug up in May - June with a clod of earth at a stem height of 10-15 cm and transplanted to a permanent place. If the soil has not yet been prepared, then the offspring are planted on a picking bed, where they are grown to a standard seedling. Sometimes the offspring are kept near the bushes until autumn and dug up before planting in a permanent place (in the conditions of the North-Western region of Russia in August - early September).

When digging, the shoots are cut so that their length (from the root) is 30-40 cm. For planting, it is necessary to take the most developed annual shoots with a thickness of at least 8-10 mm at the base with a compact root system 15-20 cm long, having a thick lobe. Benign planting material is obtained on soils richly seasoned with organic fertilizers.

Each blackberry bush produces 15-20 offspring. If the shoots are not intended for planting, then most of them are removed during the summer during weeding or loosening the soil in order to avoid strong thickening of blackberry plantations.

Propagation by root cuttings. This method is used when there is a great need for planting material on varieties with creeping shoots (such as dewdrop), which give little or no root offspring. In the absence of offspring, straight-growing blackberries can also be propagated by root cuttings. In late autumn or early spring, carefully dig out the entire root system of the uterine fruit-bearing bush, cut it into pieces or cut off the roots no closer than 60 cm from the bush. Mostly young (1-3-year-old) roots are used. The average thickness of the root cutting is 0.3-1.3 cm, length 5-10 cm (depending on the variety). Cuttings are planted either in a permanent place or in picking beds, and in the fall of next year, the plants are used for planting. During the winter, cuttings can also be stored in the basement, in damp sand, and planted in well-fertilized soil in the spring.

When planting, the cuttings are placed in grooves in rows, to a depth of 10-12 cm, with distances between them in a row of 20 cm, between rows - 70-80 cm. Then the grooves with cuttings are covered with loose earth and watered until rooting. During the summer, several weeding and loosening of the soil is carried out.

By autumn, good planting material with 1-2 shoots and developed roots grows from root cuttings. From one uterine fruit-bearing bush, you can get up to 400 plants.

Thornless varieties cannot be propagated by root cuttings, as plants with thorns grow from them.

Propagation by green cuttings. Used for propagation of creeping blackberries and valuable varieties and forms of blackberries. When a mother bush has a lot of extra offspring, they can be used as green cuttings.

At the beginning of July (in middle lane) single-bud green cuttings are cut from the shoots. The upper third of the shoot is more suitable for this, with the exception of the two very last buds. Cuttings, consisting of a part of the stem, bud and leaf, are treated with 0.3% indolylbutyric acid for better rooting. Then they are planted in small containers (for example, in paper cups that have served their intended purpose, cylinders made of polyethylene film), filled with soil mixture (1 part peat + 1 part perlite or sand, vermiculite, crushed expanded clay, etc.). Containers with cuttings are placed in greenhouses, greenhouses with a film cover or special chambers with an atmosphere of artificial fog at a humidity of 96-100%. Such chambers are available for a farm that grows seedlings for commercial purposes. After 25-30 days, roots form on the cuttings and the plants are planted in a permanent place.

Green cuttings can be combined with summer pruning and normalization of shoots.

Green cuttings of the varieties Thornless Logan, Black Satin are well rooted, weakly - Dirksen Thornless, very poorly - Smutstem.

Reproduction by dividing the bush. Apply when the variety does not produce offspring. When dividing a bush in each separate part, several healthy young shoots with strong good roots should be left. Parts of the bush with old rhizomes should not be taken, they are discarded. From one bush you can get 5-6 new ones.

Propagation by tissue culture. Use only meristematic cells of the top of the plant without signs of infection. Mass reproduction healthy plants on special media, followed by rooting under sterile conditions and obtaining super-elite seedlings is carried out in special boxes. Then the plants are propagated in the fields of the nursery with preliminary sterilization of the soil. This method is mainly used to obtain healthy planting material for blackberries and raspberries.

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