Why do you need to regulate the air humidity in your apartment?
Dry air dries out the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract and eyes. As a result, fatigue increases, immunity decreases, and skin condition worsens. Strong humidity leads to asthma, rhinitis and allergic reactions.
Important: children are especially sensitive to humidity levels, so in the nursery you need to special attention monitor air quality.
The level of humidity also negatively affects the condition of the furniture in the apartment and the room itself. Thus, strong humidity causes the appearance of fungus, mold, and spoils food.
What should the air humidity be?
A comfortable indicator is 35-60% (on average 40-45%). To determine the current readings, you need to use a device for measuring air humidity (hygrometer).
Important: to recover quickly, you need to maintain room humidity at 70%. And the temperature should be 18 degrees.
How to regulate humidity levels?
If deviations from the norm of moisture in the air are observed, it is necessary to apply several proven methods. Still don’t know how to increase the air humidity in your apartment? Get a special humidifier. When choosing it, you need to remember: the higher the ceiling and the larger the area of the room, the more powerful the device should be.
You also need to place living plants in the rooms, which are a natural assistant in this matter. In addition, they purify the air and partially replace the device for measuring humidity: if the leaves dry, then the air is dry. In addition, you can get an aquarium. To maintain indicators within normal limits, it is necessary to ventilate the apartment several times a day. In winter and summer, you need to open the windows twice a day for 5-8 minutes.
To reduce humidity levels, it is necessary to ventilate the room after cleaning, cooking or taking a bath/shower. It is better not to curtain the windows of the rooms and allow sunlight to reduce the level of humidity.
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In order for a chick to be born, you need to create special conditions. Only under favorable conditions can an egg turn into a chicken. Humidity in the incubator is one of the most important components of the general regime. A decrease or increase in the indicator can lead to the death of the bird's offspring.
Norms and standards
Air humidity level in the incubator – important condition for the proper development of the embryo in the egg. Together with the correct temperature regime, the percentage of water in the air ensures the correct incubation regime. Experts have proven that for everyone separate stage Incubation rate will change.
What humidity should be in the incubator when breeding poultry at home?
Every owner must remember three basic rules:
- at first incubation period humidity should be higher;
- in the middle phase of the term it is reduced;
- In the last few days the temperature has been rising again.
In the first 6 days after the eggs are placed in the incubator, it is important to set the humidity level to an average level. The most optimal indicator is 50-65%. It promotes the development of the embryo in the egg and accelerates its growth process.
But, if you use such humidity in the second half of the incubation period, you can lose the entire brood. Chicks will die both before and after hatching, since their bodies are poorly formed. Constant high air humidity reduces the weight of the egg itself, which limits the supply of necessary substances to the embryo.
Scientists have proven that constant high level water in the air during incubation increases chick mortality by 15-20%. Therefore, after the first week, the moisture level is reduced to 50-55%. This regimen is used from 7 to 16 days.
The reduced temperature at the second stage promotes the accumulation of dry substances by the embryo. At elevated rates, the process becomes impossible. Therefore, in order for the chick to grow correctly, it is important to give it the opportunity to receive essential vitamins and minerals.
From day 17, experts recommend raising the humidity to 70%. This mode promotes the hatching of the chick from the egg. If you leave the previous level, this threatens to compact the shell under the shell. Accordingly, it will be difficult for the bird to get out of the egg; there is a risk of losing about 10-15% of the eggs.
You can often find other opinions. For example, it is widely believed that there is a need high humidity for the entire incubation period. This decision leads to the fact that the moisture from the egg evaporates too quickly at the first stage, increasing air bubble. As a result, the bird does not receive the necessary substances, as well as space for development.
Low moisture levels are no less dangerous. First of all, this affects the duration of incubation itself, which is significantly delayed. Also, chicks hatch too weak and about 15% of them die in the first days of life.
Therefore, it is important to follow the parameters. Also, minimum and maximum humidity levels have been established, violation of which threatens loss of output:
- lower limit at 43%;
- the upper limit is 82%.
Even an hour of the egg remaining outside these boundaries can cause the death of the embryo.
How to measure air humidity?
It is worth adjusting the humidity in the incubator based on the specifics of the apparatus itself. Most of them have special measuring devices installed, some require additional equipment.
How to determine the moisture level in a laying hen incubator? This model very popular in subsidiary plot. The instructions for the device indicate that the main indicator for the moisture level is the climatic conditions of the area and the room in which the chicks are hatched.
Therefore, water is poured into the bottom of the device, which sets the humidity during the operation of the incubator. It is recommended to measure it using two thermometers. The instructions are as follows:
- The measuring tip of one of the thermometers is wrapped in cotton wool or cloth and dipped into water. It is important to remove excess liquid;
- the incubator is turned off for a while and both thermometers are placed in it at the same level close to each other. After this, the device is turned back on;
- after 15-20 minutes, take readings from both thermometers and insert them into the table.
Incubator humidity measurement table
In order to measure the humidity in the Cinderella incubator, there are also recommendations. General scheme The action is the same as for the previous device, but there are some nuances:
- You will need one thermometer, which is wrapped in cotton wool or cloth. You need to moisten with warm water;
- such a thermometer is placed near the temperature sensor of the Cinderella incubator itself;
- To measure, leave the thermometer for 15 minutes. Then they take readings from it and the electronic thermometer of the incubator.
The data is calculated using a standard table, which is also used for the Layer apparatus.
Measuring humidity without moisture meters
Some models are not equipped with special instruments for determining water in the air or temperatures, so the question arises: how to find out the humidity level without a moisture meter? To do this, you can make a special device with your own hands minimal costs forces and materials, e.g.
How to regulate humidity levels?
The main two problems when incubating eggs in relation to air humidity are the need to:
- increase moisture levels;
- lower the performance.
As practice shows, it is difficult to maintain the percentage of water in the air at the required level. Therefore, from time to time you need to resort to additional actions. You can increase your performance using the following methods:
- special bath and heating element;
- pump injection.
In the first case, an additional container is used, the liquid in which is constantly heated. This allows for increased evaporation of water into the incubator, increasing overall air humidification.
Increase in humidity
It’s easy to make the device yourself. Enough to take metal container and heating element. A heating element (200 Watt) is installed in the vessel and water is poured. The structure is placed directly into the incubator itself, down under the trays with eggs.
Bath with heating element
Pump injection involves additional humidification due to water entering from above. To make such a device you will need a pump and a spray nozzle for cleaning products.
Water enters the pump from the bath and sprays the eggs from the nozzle by spraying the liquid over the entire area of the incubator.
It is important to install such an air humidifier for the incubator at a level of at least 20 cm from the tray with the eggs to ensure even water ingress.
You can also use purchased equipment. There are many products on the market today that allow you to regulate the humidity in your incubator. The most popular option is ultrasonic humidifier air.
Models in demand:
- AC100-240V;
- Fog Maker 16mm Fogger.
Such a humidifier for an incubator will cost around 600-800 rubles.
Reducing humidity
If the increase in humidity level is easier to correct, then how can this indicator be reduced without damage to the apparatus itself and the poultry population? Most simple methods that you can do with your own hands become:
- decrease in level in automated devices. New generation devices independently regulate what humidity should be in the incubator. But, the mode of different eggs may differ from the one programmed into the equipment. Therefore, intervention in the operation of the machine will be required. It is necessary to enter the data yourself and constantly ensure that it corresponds to the incubation period;
- Most incubators have baths filled with water. Therefore, in order to reduce humidity, it will be enough to lower the water level in such a container. It is important before starting such a task to turn off the incubator itself for the duration of the work;
- in the most radical cases, when the level has reached 82%, it is recommended to remove the water tank from the incubator altogether until it decreases. If due to the design of the device this is not possible, then the liquid is simply pumped out;
- To more quickly reduce moisture, you can use improvised means that absorb moisture (fabric, washcloth, cotton wool). They are placed in an incubator for 30-40 minutes to draw out excess water.
How to reduce humidity more in a fast way? You can purchase special regulators, such as:
- VRD-1;
- RV-16/P.
The cost of such devices varies from 1,000 to 3,000 rubles.
Video
Watch a video about air humidity in the incubator:
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By creating the right microclimate in an apartment or house, you can avoid allergies and colds for all family members. Particularly important are indicators of indoor air humidity, which must comply with certain norms and rules (SNIP) developed state standards(GOST). The air humidity outside the window of our home depends on climatic conditions, but inside the room it is possible to artificially achieve the desired humidity levels.
Content
- Existing standards.
- Determination of humidity.
- Humid and dry air.
- Humidity adjustment.
Existing standards
Existing regulations governing useful humidity indoor air are regulated by GOST 30494-96. According to this GOST, the optimal air humidity, which is conducive to the normal state of a person, should be 40 - 60%. That is, in other words, the air in the room should contain 40 - 60% moisture.
Note that these standards are given at an indoor air temperature of + 18 – 22 ºС.
Humidity determination
Before we begin to determine humidity, it is necessary to distinguish between its two types: absolute humidity And relative humidity.
Absolute humidity shows the moisture content in grams in one cubic meter air. This is the humidity that is contained in the air at a certain room temperature.
However, as the temperature increases, the air can absorb more moisture - this is its potential. The ratio of the actual moisture content in the air to the maximum possible is called relative humidity, measured as a percentage.
Let's give an example. At normal room temperature and pressure, one cube of air contains 8.0 g of moisture, that is, in this case absolute humidity is 8.0 g/m³. But potentially one cube of air can hold 25.0 g of moisture. That is, the relative humidity with these digital indicators will be equal to: 8.0: 25.0 100 = 32%. In practice, if you hang your clothes out to dry at an absolute humidity of 8.0 g/m³, they will dry out, since the air has a potential of 32%.
IN living conditions air humidity is determined using a device called hygrometer. For other purposes, for example, for laboratory research, it is used psychrometer, the description of which will be omitted, since this is not the topic of the article. As for hygrometers, in everyday life they are represented by the following types:
- Weight.
- Hairline.
- Film.
By using weight A hygrometer measures the absolute humidity in a room. Structurally, it consists of two tubes resembling the Latin letter U, filled with a hygroscopic substance that can absorb moisture. A certain amount of air passes through the tube, the humidity of which is determined.
For determining relative humidity purchase a hair device that determines the potential of the air to absorb moisture from 30 to 100%.
The basis of the device in this version is fat-free hair, which is stretched onto a metal plate. When the humidity changes, the hair changes its length and transmits this change to an arrow moving along a graduated scale.
Likewise hair the device is working film a hygrometer, where the function of a hair is performed by a sensitive film, which changes its length when the humidity changes. Hair and film hygrometers are especially effective in winter period time to determine relative humidity
Humid and dry air
If indoor air humidity indicators go beyond standard limits, this can affect human health. Too dry air has a negative effect on the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. This is especially true for the condition of the nasal mucosa, which dries out and forms crusts on the inner walls of the nose. Dust, microparticles of debris, various harmful microorganisms, causing an allergic reaction.
But even worse is too humid air, in which fungi and mold can multiply, the appearance of an unpleasant musty smell in the apartment, plastic windows. In people living long term cases of disease have been observed in damp rooms bronchial asthma and tuberculosis.
Humidity adjustment
In practice, the issue of too dry or humid air is resolved by taking certain measures aimed at bringing the situation back to normal.
The easiest way to increase air humidity and keep it under control is to purchase a household humidifier. But it’s not always possible to purchase a device, so there is simple ways increasing indoor humidity:
- Watering flowers.
- Drying washed clothes in an apartment or house.
- In winter, heating radiators are covered with damp blankets.
- You can build a decorative fountain indoors.
- Get aquarium fish.
- Just place a bucket or bowl of water in the corners of the room.
All these methods are good, but, unfortunately, if they are not controlled or unregulated, using them can lead to excess moisture in the air. Therefore, purchase an air humidifier and the problem will be solved easier.
Well, what to do if there is too much humidity? There are some tips on this matter:
- Improve room ventilation.
- Remove fresh flowers from the premises.
- Remove condensation from window glass more often.
- Replace thick curtains that impede air circulation with simpler ones.
- Ventilate the room often.
- If possible, install a climate-controlled system.
No matter how well your polycarbonate greenhouse is built, you should worry about creating an optimal microclimate. Let’s find out in more detail how to regulate the temperature in the greenhouse according to the scheme using a thermostat and maintain the necessary air humidity.
Thermostat for home greenhouse with sensor has great value as well as a humidifier. To collect bountiful harvest you must provide your plants optimal mode both air temperature and soil composition. Don’t forget: these indicators should vary based on the types of greens and vegetables that you planted in your own greenhouse. If temperature changes are often observed in a greenhouse, green crops freeze or, conversely, overheat, and then high results do not wait.
The thing is that when the temperature in the greenhouse is low in winter, greenhouse greens do not receive enough nutrients. That is, the rhizome becomes unable to absorb them. As a result, plants experience phosphorus starvation. When excessive high temperature a different situation is observed: vegetables rush to grow, increase their vegetative mass, but they do not set fruit. In addition, if overheated for quite a long time, they can die.
If heat regulation is still carried out in a greenhouse, root system your plants will develop to their full potential. Moreover, the fruits are formed correctly and slightly earlier than expected. Select the optimal one temperature regime pretty hard. Much depends not so much on the characteristics of your greenhouse, but on the nature of the development of a particular agricultural crop. Regulate the temperature in the greenhouse correctly, and you will be satisfied with the yield of your greens.
Regulatory options
Thermoregulation is important point for the owner of a home greenhouse. However, it is not enough to simply determine the optimal indicators that should be adhered to in a greenhouse. It is also necessary to choose a high-quality device that can cope with the key task. What thermostats are offered to modern domestic gardeners is worth studying in more detail.
Electronic
Electronic devices are often used to regulate air temperature in greenhouses. They are advantageous in that they are easily adjustable, so they are considered quite easy to use. However, they also have a significant drawback: due to frequent power surges, such devices quickly become unusable.
Sensory
The touch controller is also often used modern owners greenhouses With it, you can set the turn-on time yourself heating system. This model is suitable for gardeners who are forced to leave the greenhouse structure unattended for some time. Choose a device that allows you to set a specific temperature for a week or longer.
Mechanical
What's remarkable mechanical device, because of its functionality. It is used not only for heating greenhouses, but also for timely cooling of air. Thus, maintaining optimal temperature conditions in greenhouses becomes much easier. This device is mounted directly in the greenhouse.
How to determine the right temperature
No matter how competently you try to humidify greenhouses, as well as ventilate them, you also need to learn how to correctly determine what temperature indicators should be maintained in the room. On average, the temperature in a greenhouse during the day should be about +14...+16 °C, and at night it should drop by 4-6 °C. For active growth For vegetables and herbs, it is important to maintain heat in the greenhouse, but it is undesirable to exceed +40 °C. Otherwise, the plants may burn.
Summer period
Of course, the temperature in the greenhouse should be moderately high in the summer, because at this time the greenery is actively increasing its vegetative mass. However, you should not exceed +25 °C, otherwise the root will stop consuming the nutritional components that it needs throughout the year.
Winter period
In winter, forced regulation of humidity and temperature is also of great importance. Do not forget that there should be an insignificant difference between daytime and nighttime heat levels in the greenhouse (within 4-6 °C). In this case, the plants will be able to develop fully.
Room humidity and ventilation
An air humidifier for a greenhouse is another point that every gardener should take care of, in fact, like greenhouse ventilation. Even if you were able to arrange in your greenhouse quality system heating and lighting are still not enough when it comes to the full growth and development of your plants. A fan for a home greenhouse will also come in handy, because fresh air flow is vital for your greenery.
Ventilation in a polycarbonate greenhouse must be arranged with your own hands at the stage of construction.
You can do it naturally, without purchasing special structures. To do this, you will need to put doors in the greenhouse, make vents, windows or film curtains that can be removed from time to time. Another optimal choice- simple homemade fan, the use of which will allow you to save money.
Remember: if you properly take care of equipping the greenhouse with a ventilation system, you will only improve the yield. Make your greenhouse warm, well lit and don’t forget about the need for regular inflows fresh air and its hydration. In this case, the winter greenhouse can be safely called practical, functional and modern.
In this video, an expert will share his opinion on the temperature in the greenhouse.
Air humidity is important characteristic environment, on which our health, well-being and performance depend. Respiratory system, heart, blood vessels and immune processes help us tolerate serious fluctuations in temperature and humidity. But the limits of comfort for the human body are very limited.
Complete rest and recovery are possible only within the narrow framework of a favorable atmosphere, which means that the air in our homes plays a major role in the comfort and health of all family members. How to achieve optimal indoor air humidity?
Indoor humidity level
Normal work and proper rest require air humidity from 40 to 60%, and for preschool children it is advisable to maintain the air level closer to the upper limit, and for older people - to the lower limit.
Accurate data can be obtained with a device for measuring air humidity, which is often included with a thermometer and barometer.
To definitely find out for yourself the question, you need to measure the humidity in different places of the room and apartment, high under the ceiling and on the floor, in the morning, afternoon and evening, after regular and also long-term ventilation.
You may find that one of the rooms is, as you felt, damper. You can find out that the air coming in from the street during ventilation is too hot and dry (if the window faces a hot sunlit avenue) or, conversely, overgrown trees are driving “forest” dampness into the house.
If prolonged ventilation undesirably changes the atmosphere in the room, try to update it by opening the doors to the adjacent room or creating a draft for 2-3 minutes.
If your hygrometer after measuring showed a humidity of more than 70 percent, install a humidity absorber in the room. If suddenly the humidity rises to 80–85%, it is better to renovate the room, check the joints, think about replacing the window and externally insulating the walls.
With an indicator of 40 percent or lower, especially in heating season, you will have to use a humidifier or fight dryness with folk remedies.
An electronic device will help to carry out such useful experiments. But what if you have nowhere to get it and the climate in your home is causing you concern? Read the clues and be observant.
Signs of excessive dryness or humidity
Dry and too warm air in the apartment it happens on batteries central heating, poor ventilation, permanent job room heaters and long-term electrical appliances with a heating body (TV, computer, refrigerator.
Take a closer look at the condition of the room and the plants in it: electrified sticky dust or its flying suspension, dried tips of leaves indoor flowers, dried parquet floorboards and cracked parts wooden furniture They will probably tell you about the problem.
Dampness in the room is even more noticeable: loose pieces of wallpaper on the walls, dark spots on the whitewash, mold in the corners living rooms, kitchen, bathroom, toilet, musty smell of clothes in wardrobe closet, wet bed sheets and pillows, blankets, mattresses.
But what is more important is the impact of moisture levels on the health of households. Objectively assess how you are feeling and ask your family if they are concerned about any of the items listed below.
Air humidity in the apartment less than 35% causes:
High humidity (more than 70%) has the following negative consequences:
- joint pain, especially in the older generation;
- low-grade body temperature (36.9–37.2);
- fatigue, muscle pain;
- poor concentration;
- crunching in the ears, feeling of clogged sinuses and forehead;
- skin and hair problems (oily, inflammation, dandruff);
- frequent colds, allergic rhinitis;
- It’s hard to breathe in such a house;
- for asthmatics, living in damp conditions can be deadly;
- There may be interruptions in the functioning of the heart - arrhythmia, accelerated pulse.
Doctors give special meaning normal humidity air in the room where the child lives. In addition to general discomfort, which children usually do not realize and therefore cannot complain about, too dry, overheated or damp stagnant air creates ideal conditions for development chronic diseases upper respiratory tract.
In such a home, it is difficult for a child to recover from even a common cold, not to mention infectious diseases.
How to increase humidity in an apartment
Having found out the nature of the problem by signs or using the device, begin to act. Decide if you need a special Appliances to correct the home climate or you will struggle on our own, the old fashioned way.
You can increase the humidity in the room in one of the following ways:
- hang wet towels on hot radiators;
- place a container of water under the fan;
- spray water from a spray bottle;
- start an aquarium;
- install a medium-sized fountain.
If you are not satisfied with either method because it is troublesome or ineffective, install a regulator that will operate on electricity and automatically evaporate required quantity moisture.
Choosing an air humidity regulator
You can thoroughly get rid of dampness only through overhaul, which may involve laying insulating materials on the floor, ceiling (on top floors), joints, replacement of windows.