Homemade machines for the production of cinder blocks. Machine for making cinder blocks

To consider the equipment, namely the cinder block press, we need to understand what the material itself is and what it consists of. This is what we will look into.

How to make a cinder block

The composition of cinder block (as well as foam block) is truly unique. Cinder block can be given the following definition - a building material in the form of a rectangular stone, which is obtained through the process of vibration pressing, or under the influence of natural shrinkage. For production, you will need molds made from slag concrete mortar.

The dimensions of the product are determined by its scope of use, as well as by the manufacturer. However, we must clarify that one of the most common sizes is 390x190x190 mm, and this size fits perfectly into the construction work of load-bearing structures.

We’ll talk about sizes below, but for now let’s determine what is included in the product:

Slag.
Granite chips, screenings, crushed stone.
River crushed stone.
Boy, it can be either brick or concrete, sometimes glass.
Sand.
Cement.

Important! Today, the term “cinder block” conventionally refers to all concrete-based materials produced by vibration compaction.

In principle, it is possible to produce the material even at home if we have a small-sized brick press for producing cinder blocks with our own hands.

What can we do

Let's start, perhaps, with the fact that today we can purchase, and at a relatively low cost, a simple and functional mini-machine, which is intended specifically for amateur use. However, on it we will be able to produce a partition version of the product with many voids.

And most importantly, the sizes are here 390x90x190 mm, let's point this out Special attention, since we will be producing blocks specifically for internal use.

Among the distinctive qualities of the machine for making cinder blocks with your own hands, we note the following:

The optimal number of voids in the block.
The best location of voids. These points allow us to talk about an increase in thermal insulation, which is important!
Due to correct use ratio of mixture and voids, we get great option on rational use of weight and strength.
And, naturally, we can say that, in this way, we save on the use of the mixture, cement mortar.
We can produce a block on a manual mini-machine from any raw material, that is, it can be expanded clay concrete, wood concrete concrete, the main thing is to add a small amount of cement to all these options.
A vibrating press for the production of cinder blocks allows you to actually produce optimal size and weight.

Of the minuses, we note, low performance and lack of variability. Although, we initially said that the machine is intended specifically for the production of stone for partitions.

More powerful technology

If we talk about homestead farming, let’s call it that, then for a dacha, a farm, for country house, a brick press can be perfect for making cinder blocks with higher productivity.

For example, consider a vibrating machine with an electric vibration motor with a power of 0.18 kW!

Let us note the main points in the work:

On the equipment we form strictly one block.
One mold is used to form the product.
The machine always comes with accessories that can be changed.
It is possible to produce up to 10 different types and sizes.
In production we easily use slag, wood concrete, and expanded clay.
Our technical capabilities allow us to form and produce shaped and facing blocks.

Important! Such technical capabilities machine tools lead us to the conclusion that after producing materials for construction for yourself, you can continue production and even make a profit from this process, at the same time paying for the machine itself.

In addition, we note that a brick making press for cinder blocks consists of:

Special vibrating table.
One block form.
A set of equipment.
Pallet.
Electric motor.

This is quite enough for the normal functioning of the equipment, but most importantly, this is not a professional machine, and it is not intended for industrial production.

Important! We can also use this machine for the production of thermoblocks, all technical points taken into account, so that the rationality of using the equipment cannot be in doubt at all.

Professional equipment

When working on a scale, albeit not industrial, but sufficient for a small business, for example, machines with three block shapes are excellent.

This vibrating press for cinder blocks consists of:

Vibrating table.
A set of molds, with each mold having its own tips and tray.
A vibrator that is installed under the tabletop.

Important! For normal and full-fledged work, such a press should be serviced by three people, while one monitors the operation of the vibrator, two prepare the mixture

We also note that this equipment option can:

Form three pieces of material at the same time.
Produce thermoblocks.

Industrial scale

This production option is completely different from the needs that we may have in the subject low-rise construction own home.

An industrial press for making cinder blocks is powered by 380 V, that is, it is connected to an industrial network, and the productivity of the equipment can be at the level of 1500 pieces of wall stone in one shift.

Important! In addition to wall stone, presses can produce paving slabs and curbs, that is, they try to make their use as rational as possible in many directions.

In suburban construction

What you should pay attention to when choosing equipment, if we still decide that we can get by here too on our own. That is, we will consider an option in which we will have a machine right at the construction site, and we will create a kind of vicious circle, immediately producing building material.

First, we need to find a rational balance between performance and maintenance costs. Make a wall stone with my own hands it’s a simple matter, but it’s important that it doesn’t end up being more expensive than a purchased, ready-made option.

Secondly, we need to have some variability, because if we buy a press, then the price will have to “fight off” accordingly and we must use it to produce not only wall stone for load-bearing structures, but also for interior partitions.

Thirdly, in terms of time, I would also like to conduct normally construction work, and accordingly, we need equipment that can produce around 50 blocks per day, with dimensions 390x190x190 mm.

Important! Interchangeable molds will allow us not only to produce several sizes, but also types of blocks; accordingly, we will be able to prepare products both for walls and partitions, in the sense that in some places solid blocks will be used, and in others hollow blocks.

In addition, do not forget that since we do everything with our own hands, we will also have to carry the material to the molds and take it to the drying place personally.

In general, is there any point in such a purchase? Why don't we look at the issue from this angle? After all, the cost of cinder blocks that manufacturers offer us is already quite low, so we are already seriously saving on construction.

The possibility of using all the fighting that is collected on our site is, of course, attractive, but this does not always cover the cost of the installation itself.

On the other hand, a small press for cinder blocks can cost 7-15 thousand rubles, and at this price, it should definitely pay for itself, plus we can also use it to make paving slabs, that is, to build a house and improve the site.

Conclusion

Before purchasing a press, you can simply calculate how much material we will need for construction and compare the figure with the cost of the machine. In addition, it can also be calculated further use. In the video presented in this article you will find Additional information on this topic.

Making a cinder block with your own hands is entirely within the capabilities of a skilled builder. Given the relatively low price of this type of building material, the desire to save money sometimes becomes dominant, and craftsmen make attempts to independently cast the required number of concrete blocks. This is especially true for those who require elements of non-standard shape or size.

What a cinder block is made of is clear from its name: the main component of the mixture is coal slag. The binder in the mixture is construction cement. The secret to neat and durable blocks is correct proportion components. The most famous and tested is the following cinder block composition:

coal slag (blast furnace or from state district power station) - 7 parts;
large river sand- 2 parts;
gravel or crushed stone with a fraction of 5-15 mm - 2 parts;
cement M400-M500 - 1.5 parts;
water - 1.5-3 parts.

The amount of water in the solution may vary depending on the method of making concrete parts. When pouring into conventional cinder block molds, without pressing, it is recommended to use a mixture of a more liquid consistency so that the corners of the matrix are well filled with it.

When vibropressing, you can additionally add a plasticizer for concrete (or PVA glue) to the mixture at the rate of 5 g per 1 cinder block. Considering that 36 pieces of finished products of standard size (40x20x20 cm) will come out of a bag of cement, it is easy to calculate the amount of additive. The plasticizer makes concrete more resistant to moisture and reduces the risk of cracks forming in the product during drying.

Block forming methods

Mold for cinder blocks

How to make a cinder block with your own hands if you don’t use special equipment? For a small volume of construction (garage, bathhouse, etc.), the required number of concrete elements can be made by pouring the mixture into ordinary forms, similar to formwork for the above-ground part of the foundation. The only difference will be that the space inside must be divided into separate chambers that form the body of each concrete product.

How to make a mold for a cinder block with your own hands is shown in the figure on the left. The number of simultaneously manufactured products may vary. This depends on the availability of boards of the required length for the formwork walls. The indicated cell dimensions (20x20x40 cm) are suitable for the production of a standard block. If necessary, you can make formwork with cells the right size(for a half block, for example, 20x20x20 cm or others). External walls Formwork is made from planed boards of the required width. They can be fastened together using sliding grooves. On internal sides Make cuts for long boards for dividing plates. Particular attention should be paid to the fact that when assembled, the form should have perfectly right angles at the junction of the walls and partitions. Depends on this appearance the finished product and convenience for the builder himself during laying are good suitable friend to each other elements.

Formators of voids in idle time wooden form can be glass bottles, which must be placed in the poured solution. In this case, a certain amount of the mixture will be displaced from the formwork, so when using this method you should not fill the cells to the top. After installing the bottles, you need to make sure that the solution in all cells is level with their edges.

When manufacturing a matrix, more complex design(picture, right) Make void formers from wooden cones, securing them to the bottom with nails or self-tapping screws. The presence of handles on this form makes it possible to move it for installation on a vibrating table.

Before pouring the composition into molds of any design, the internal surfaces must be lubricated with used automobile oil or a similar lubricant.

This will prevent the mixture from sticking to the mold and will make it easier to remove when the blocks are ready. Using this method, you need to remove the mold no earlier than 24 hours after filling the cells. Finished products must gain strength for another 1 month before use. After this, walls of buildings, fences, etc. can be erected from cinder blocks.

How to make a vibrating machine?

Making cinder blocks at home by casting takes quite a lot of time. The quality of the resulting products is somewhat inferior to that which can be obtained using the vibrocompression method. But this requires special equipment - machines for cinder blocks, which you can buy or make yourself.

The most affordable and easy installation— vibrating table. To create such a machine for cinder blocks with your own hands you will need:

boards or metal profiles for the base;
metal plate or wooden shield;
motorcycle shock-absorbing springs;
two-shaft electric motor with a power of 0.5-0.7 kW.

To build a machine for producing cinder blocks with your own hands, you will also need working tools: a drill, a grinder or a saw, welding machine etc. Using drawings (drawing), House master able to assemble a frame for the base on which 4 springs are attached. On top of this structure you need to lay a strong wooden board or metal plate. The tabletop can be attached to the springs by welding or threaded connection. The dimensions of the base and tabletop must be sufficient to accommodate the existing molds, or the matrices themselves can be made to fit the existing slab.

On bottom side The tabletop requires rigid mounting of the electric motor. In order for vibration of the required frequency and strength to be created during its operation, eccentrics must be installed on the motor shafts. These can be metal plates with a hole offset from the center or pulleys onto which a small weight is welded on one edge.

The purpose of these parts is to unbalance the uniform rotation of the shaft and create vibration during its operation, which will be transmitted to the tabletop mounted on springs. The size of the eccentrics or the weight of the load will have to be selected individually, depending on the engine power and speed.

The form with the filled solution is placed on the countertop. When the engine is turned on and the vibration it produces, the solution thickens and settles slightly. Making cinder blocks with your own hands using such a machine requires filling the matrix with a slight excess. Pressing on a vibrating table is carried out until the concrete placed in the mold acquires strength, allowing the formwork to be removed and the products transferred from the countertop to the drying site. For homemade machine This time is best determined experimentally.

For a more complex model of the machine, you will need sheet metal 2-3 mm thick and a welding machine. In this case, it is necessary to weld a metal box of the required size with cells or a single one to make 1 block. The dimensions indicated in the drawing (picture) allow you to obtain a product of a standard size of 20x20x40 cm.

Machine for making cinder blocks

The box has no bottom and needs to be installed on a flat base (metal plate). For stability, you can additionally weld 2 pieces of pipe onto its side (short) sides, longer than the width of the box. This will prevent the structure from tipping over during vibration. Sides are welded onto the upper perimeter, which allow you to carefully fill the matrix.

The void formers in this case are located on top and are metal parts that are round or square in cross-section. Their width should become smaller as they deepen into the matrix cavity, forming an inverted cone or pyramid. This is necessary for easy removal of the box from the product. The void formers are secured to the walls of the box with a narrow metal strip.

Inside the box, at a distance of 20 cm from the lower edges, 2 limiters for the pressure plate are welded. The plate must have handles for removing it from the product and slots in the shape of a cross-section of void formers.

TO outside matrix is attached to an electric motor with eccentrics. When the engine operates for 5-15 s, the mass of concrete poured into the box is pressed. The pressure plate is gradually lowered onto the stops.

When you reach the limiters, you need to turn off the homemade machine for making cinder blocks with your own hands, remove the plate, and lift the box vertically. Transfer the product to a flat area for drying and strengthening.

This article is intended for those who are interested in maximizing the cost of building materials. From it you will learn about the method of making cinder blocks with your own hands using a vibrating machine. We will talk about how to create a matrix for blocks yourself and about the rules for making blocks for walls.

Cinder block is the simplest and most affordable of stone materials for walls. Its history goes back more than 100 years, and the combination of properties of structural and insulating material makes it indispensable today.

Massive private construction in the periphery, especially in subsidiary and farms, requires constant reduction in construction costs non-residential premises. For the walls of sheds, barns and storerooms, almost everything that comes to hand is used - from slab to marl. In this article we will look at the possibility of creating a vibrating machine for making cinder blocks.

Note. To manufacture the machine, you will need the skills of a welder and mechanic.

Purpose of homemade cinder block

It should be noted right away that the final product will not have high levels of strength and durability compared to factory “prototypes”. Home production does not allow the technology to be maintained, since there is no possibility for the steaming procedure, in which the material is saturated with the necessary moisture and receives optimal temperature for the reaction of the binder (cement). However, the blocks are quite suitable for the construction of light one-story buildings with a service life of about 30 years.

Cinder block machine

The main part of a homemade machine is the matrix or mold for the raw material mixture. Essentially, it is a steel box with elements installed in it in the form of voids, or without them. The matrix itself is already a machine that can be used by performing some of the operations manually.

To make the machine you will need:

Welding machine.
Bulgarian.
Vise.
Locksmith tool.

Materials:

Steel sheet 3 mm - 1 sq. m.
Pipe Ø 75-90 mm - 1 m.
Strip 3 mm - 0.3 m.
Electric motor 500-750 W.
Bolts, nuts.

Operating procedure:

Take dimensions from a standard cinder block (w/w) or determine the dimensions you need for yourself.
Cut out the sides of the matrix from the sheet at the rate of 2 pieces with a partition in the middle. You should end up with a box with two equal compartments.
The voids should be left by a bottom wall with a thickness of at least 30 mm. From this calculation we determine the height of the cylinder (or parallelepiped) to limit the voids.
We cut 6 pieces of pipe with a length equal to the height of the cylinder.
To give the cylinders a cone shape, you need to cut each of them lengthwise to the middle, compress it with a vice and connect it by welding. The diameter will decrease by 2-3 mm.
Weld the cylinders on both sides.
Connect the cylinders together in a row along the long side of the block. They must copy the location (pitch, diameter) of the voids on the factory sample. Add 30 mm plates along the edges with holes for attaching to the eyes.
In the middle of each of the matrix compartments, make cuts and weld the eyes with reverse side boxes This is necessary to allow temporary fastening of void limiters. This way you will have the opportunity, by removing them, to produce monolithic blocks.
On one of the transverse walls (outside), weld 4 bolts for the mounting holes of the vibration motor.
Weld the apron and blades along the edges on the loading side.
Clean and polish all parts for painting.
Make a press in the shape of the body of the block material - a plate with holes, the diameter of which is 3-5 mm larger than the cylinders. The plate should fit freely to a depth of 50-70 mm into the box where the limiters are installed.
Weld comfortable handles to the press.
Paint the entire structure with primer and install the vibration motor.

Video instructions for making a mold for a cinder block, part 1

Video instructions for making a mold for a cinder block, part 2

To convert a conventional electric motor into a vibration motor, you only need to add eccentrics in the form of welded bolts to its shafts. Their axes must coincide. You can screw nuts onto the bolts, selecting the desired vibration amplitude and frequency. You will find more information in our article “Do it yourself vibrating table”.

Such a matrix can become the basis for a stationary or walking machine. To modernize it, you will need developed mechanic skills and more precise execution. There are many machine options and the main factor is the availability of available material (metal).

Vibrating machine for cinder blocks, video

Material for homemade blocks

Theoretically, “home” blocks can be made from anything - clay, sawdust concrete, expanded clay concrete, etc. The optimal composition of the mixture is 1 part sand, 1 part cement, 3 parts granulated slag.

The decisive point is the moisture content of the mixture, which is easy to determine by eye. Ready mix should keep the shape of a lump and not crumble. Raw materials of this consistency can be placed in a matrix and pressed into blocks. Instead of voids, you can use glass bottles, broken bricks or sharp-angled stones.

How a factory machine for cinder blocks works - video with explanations

Working with a homemade machine

Before the first load, lubricate all contact surfaces with oil - the solution will stick to the metal less. The vibrator can be turned on at any stage, but it is most effective to do this before pressing. Take care of reliable electrical insulation of the motor. The apron should cover it from the mixture.

Finished blocks should be kept for outdoors in summer weather (from +10 to +30 °C) for 3 days. The field with finished products must be covered with polyethylene to avoid early drying.

The most simple form for blocks. Video of the work process

Perhaps such a machine will not become a source of reliable and practically free material for the construction of a residential building, but it will help to significantly save on maintaining a household or constructing a garage. Used for plastering walls masonry mortar(1 part cement, 3 parts sand), you will extend the life of a homemade cinder block by at least 1.5 times.

Cinder block is one of the most popular materials for the construction of walls of one-story buildings. It is distinguished by its low cost and the possibility of producing it independently at home.

Cinder block - wall stone

This building material is intended for low-rise construction. There is an opinion that if you include “high” grade cement in the mix, then you can make homemade blocks solid foundation for a bathhouse or a house. However foundation blocks must withstand enormous loads, so blocks should be purchased from a factory rather than made independently.

Cinder blocks are:

hollow;
full-bodied.

Due to sufficient strength characteristics, solid cinder blocks are used for cladding and construction. load-bearing walls, as well as partitions. At the same time, hollow products have good heat and sound insulation. Due to voids, raw materials are significantly saved, which means the cost of production is much lower.

Cinder blocks are also used as additional insulation during the construction of frames.

How to mix a solution to create a cinder block?

The name of the building material “cinder block” speaks for itself. This means that the main component of the solution will be the slag obtained in the blast furnace, which should be sifted through a special sifter (sieve).

We will need:

7 parts of the main filler (slag will serve as this);
2 shares of gravel having fractions of 5-15 mm;
one and a half parts of cement (it is best to take grade M 400, 500);
about 3 parts water.

In addition to slag, other components can act as the main element: clay, expanded clay, sand, gravel, crushed stone, gypsum and many others. It should be noted that if you choose blast furnace slag as a filler, then other additives must not be used. If you want to get a colored cinder block, then you can add chalk to the solution or bring it to fine crumbs red bricks (they should be crushed).

In addition, during the production of cinder blocks, make sure that the solution does not spread.

Component name	Qty components	Density, kg/m3	Water absorption,%	Mrz, cycles not less	Compressive strength, kg/cm2
Cement, kg Sand, kg (m3) Crushed stone, kg (m3) Water, l (depending on the moisture content of the components)	500 900 (0,52) 900 (0,52) 100...200	2350	4	200	410
Cement, kg Screenings, kg (m3) Sand, kg (m3) Water, l	500 920 (0,54) 1150 (0,7) 100...200	2160	4,5	200	400
Cement, kg Sand, kg (m3) Water, l	600 1550 (0,9) 100...190	2200	5,3	200	436

Tip for obtaining durable blocks: you need to add a plasticizer to the solution (you can buy it at any hardware store). Then you will receive not only durable, but also frost-resistant and waterproof blocks.

When you are going to set up the process of creating cinder blocks yourself, you should understand that there is no universal solution recipe. Each master selects his own unique formula through trial and error. If you are a beginner, you can use the standard one.

Cinder block production methods

There are two ways to obtain such blocks on your site.

Using formwork, that is, a form made of lumber or steel sheets.
Based on the operation of a special machine.

Video - Making cinder blocks by hand

Video - Cinder block walking mobile machine

Video - Machine for making cinder blocks

Tools and materials for block production:

molds (wood or metal), or vibrating machine;
2,3,4 - pallet blanks. 5,6,7 - frame of the matrix from below (corner 25x25). 8 — bar for fastening void tanks. 9 - emptiness. 10 — upper void plug. 11 — lower void plug
concrete mixer;
leveling spatula;
shovel for pouring mortar;
solution.

Instructions for making your own mold

The mold design has next view: bottom and side walls. Between a pair of transverse boards or sheets of metal, you should fasten the crossbars at the required distance for you. Maintain a step that corresponds to the size of the required cinder block.

Because get it ready product it will be difficult to remove from the mold; the design of the container must be collapsible. For production efficiency, make formwork designed to produce 4-6 cinder blocks.

To make a mold to create cinder blocks you will need:

iron sheets 3 mm thick;
5 mm iron strips (several pieces);
cylinders, 4 cm in diameter;
welding machine;
Bulgarian;
chalk for marking.

Stages of manufacturing a single split metal mold

Step 1. We mark the sheet according to the size of the blocks: we will need two longitudinal sides and two transverse ones. We cut out our plates with a grinder.

The width of the longitudinal plate is 210 mm, the length is 450 mm, the transverse plate is 210 by 220 mm.

Step 2. Wings 3.5 cm high should be welded to the bottom of the cinder block mold so that the mold does not move, and a handle to quickly release the poured solution from the mold.

Step 3. Notches are made along the contour of the transverse and longitudinal walls in order to hook the mold onto the longitudinally installed walls.

Step 4. Let's assemble our form.

Step 5. To create voids in the cinder block, we make hanging cylinders. They must be welded to a plate 3-4 mm thick, which should seem to penetrate the cylinders closer to the top. We make notches on the end walls of our container to hook them.

Video - Do-it-yourself mold for cinder blocks

Production of cinder blocks using a split mold

Forms have any dimensions. Standard sizes structures are 90x190x188 mm; in private construction, other sizes can be used, for example, 40x20x20 cm. In order to save material, it is better to use forms with cells of 4-6 blocks and cylinders (squares) to create cavities.

A homemade metal form (detachable) looks like this.

Let's consider step by step process production of cinder blocks.

Step 1. Mix the solution in a concrete mixer.

Step 2. Pour the mixture into our mold with a shovel. In this case the mixture is thick. You can also use a liquid solution.

Step 3. Be sure to ensure that the solution fills the container evenly. To do this, compact the filled solution. We control the filling of the form to the brim. Align upper layer using a spatula.

Step 4. If the solution is dry, then you should use a special lid, the holes in which will block the bayonets in the mold. This device will help compact our cinder block. For liquid solution This type of cover is not used.

Step 5. We are moving our unit to an open area for further storage. After 30-40 minutes, remove the bottom, sides and top cover. To better remove the cinder block, we use a regular hammer to hit the top of the wall and a longitudinal strip with cylinders.

Step 6. It will take us at least a day to dry completely.

Production of cinder blocks using a vibrator machine

Step 1. We mix our solution, taking into account the proportions. Particular attention should be paid the right amount water, because the cinder blocks should not spread when you remove them from the mold.

Kneading

To find out the correct consistency of the mixture, do a small test. Squeeze the solution in your hand: if it connects in it and does not spread when it falls to the ground, it is a good and correct solution.

Step 2. We fill our form with a solution, with a slide.

Step 3 . We turn on the machine for 2-4 seconds, after which the loaded composition will be compacted. We level the mixture with our hands so that the iron pins (cylinders) are visible.

Step 4. If there is not enough mixture in the form, it needs to be replenished, insert the clamp and turn on the vibrator again. The completion of formation is indicated by the settling of the clamp on the stops.

Step 5 . Our vibration form should be turned on again for 6-10 s.

Step 6 . Close the top with a lid with holes for the cylinders. And we do another tamping by raising and lowering the lid 4-5 times.

Step 7 . Then, without turning off the machine, the uniform is removed - just take the machine to you.

Using a vibrating machine, you can produce up to 500 cinder blocks per shift.

Step 8 . We dry the blocks for 5-10 days. Complete hardening of the resulting building materials will take place after a month, while the humidity should be high and the air warm.

Step 9. After a day, the blocks can be moved to storage locations (they will not be broken), but they can only be placed together after a week. And if you do add a plasticizer to the solution, then after 6-8 hours they can be moved and stored.

Of course, it’s not worth purchasing a vibrating machine for a single production, but special attention should be paid to compaction when creating cinder blocks (the quality of the product depends on this process). In this case, you can use a regular vibratory grinder, on which you just need to place our mold with the mixture.

Video - Production of cinder blocks using a vibrator machine

Features of storing cinder blocks

The resulting products are stored in pyramidal stacks, one hundred pieces at a time.

At the same time, they are stacked at small intervals. All you have to do is dry the material for a couple of months, then you can start building a bathhouse, an extension or a shed.

What are the features of cinder block production?

When producing cinder blocks, special attention should be paid to drying. For example, any dent or unevenness will ruin the building material. Another requirement for material quality is geometry. A large number of irregularities and defects are a prerequisite for increased costs for finishing the constructed walls. Therefore, in order for the product to turn out smooth, you should fill the mold or vibrating mold to the brim. Do not skimp on pouring the solution in heaps, because the vibration will shake out your mixture.

For better plasticity, when mixing the solution, do not forget to add plasticizer at the rate of 5 g per block. This will save the product from possible cracks, increase strength and frost resistance. For construction small bathhouse You can mix the solution by hand, but a concrete mixer will help speed up the process. You just need to buy or borrow a small unit with a capacity of 02-0.5 cubic meters. m.

Video - Homemade concrete mixer

Before preparing the mixture, the slag is moistened 5-6 hours before. This will allow better binding of cement grains and filler fractions. Please note that if you are filling wooden or metal molds Without the possibility of vibrating, the mixture should be liquid.

Pros and cons of using cinder blocks

The advantages of cinder block include:

possibility of production at summer cottage or in a private home;
drying of the material can take place in an autoclave ( industrial production), and outdoors (with self-production);
a building made of cinder blocks has minimal heat loss;
the material is inexpensive;
construction of the building is carried out quickly, given the large size of the blocks;
when mixing the solution, you can, by changing the proportions, give it certain qualities;
You can produce cinder blocks of any size.

Disadvantages of cinder block:

low frost resistance, but with the use of a special additive they can be increased;
there are doubts about environmental friendliness, especially for products made from blast furnace slag;
As for the liquid absorption characteristics, the material has strong moisture absorption and requires special protective coatings;
fragility (this material is clearly not suitable for the construction of high-rise buildings).

Blocks made with the addition of cement have the highest strength. The next place is occupied by lime blocks.
If small granules are replaced with part of the sifted sand, the strength of the products will increase slightly.
A combination of cement and lime (or clay) in a 3:1 ratio will allow you to save money, which will not affect the quality at all.
Before you start pouring the solution, the molds should be cleaned and wiped. This will prevent the resulting blocks from sticking to the bottom and walls. For such wiping, diesel fuel, used oil or similar products are used.
The density of the solution is a direct indicator of the rate of hardening. The thicker it is, the faster the block can harden. The main quality characteristics of cinder blocks depend not only on the production technology, but also on the choice of solution. Below are Various types mixtures, the use of which demonstrates certain characteristics required of the material.

Video - Cinder block. Instructions for a beginner

Construction materials occupy a separate niche on the market. The variety allows you to choose a material that matches the conditions and type of construction. The price varies depending on the quality of the product; you can’t always get a quality product for good money. Production building materials independently will allow you to significantly save your budget.

Cinder block is used in the construction of walls, partitions, fences and garages. You can produce cinder blocks yourself, it is important to create exact shape. The production machine is being sold various types and parameters on which production volumes depend.

Equipment for the production of cinder block

Producing cinder blocks using special equipment will not be difficult. The casting process on a machine for the production of cinder blocks occurs as follows:

A working mixture is prepared, consisting of cement, water and fillers. The latter must be passed through a sieve, removing large ingredients. Water should not completely fill the solution; the filler stays dry on the floor. The consistency is chosen independently, depending on the type of production.
The mixture is loaded into the mold, compacted with packing or a special cinder block press. During the process, it is necessary to monitor the amount of the mixture; when compacted, it contracts.
After which, the prepared block is removed from the mold.

The drying process occurs naturally, after 24 hours it is possible to move ready material to the warehouse. Use in construction is available within a week after production, complete hardening occurs within a month. Special additives speed up the hardening process, maximum humidity and direct Sun rays allowing the cinder block to harden faster.

The main advantage of cinder block production is big choice modifications of machines and equipment.

There are many designs, equipment, and machines for the production of cinder blocks. It is possible to make a machine yourself using the following elements:

prepared cinder block matrix for molding the solution;
necessary materials and tools;
ventilated room with a leveled floor.

There are many varieties of machine designs available for DIY manufacturing, the drawings of which are available on the Internet. It is important to calculate the required production volumes before manufacturing; for your own needs it is enough to produce the equipment simple type.

A small volume is produced by a hand-made matrix. The material can be any available - from hardwood to sheet metal. This process requires manual compaction of the material. Cinder block machines have a modification with a vibration motor, which will significantly save labor costs during production and speed up the process. The included electric motor with a vibration design for a few seconds allows you to fill the volume into the molds, adding filler in time.

In order to make a product not only for your own needs, you will need a full-fledged cinder block machine. The design will require the following tools in your arsenal:

angle grinder;
welding machine;
marking tool.

According to the drawings, the structure is welded and processed with a grinder. The machine device for making cinder blocks may contain a vibration motor attached at the bottom. For convenience, the control panel and clamping mechanism are displayed.

Machine form

The prepared mixture is poured into the mold. Cinder block machine, made with your own hands, requires a correctly marked form when pouring; the open cavity of the finished product consists of 30% of the area. Mold materials:

metal corner;
steel sheet 5 mm;
pipes with a diameter of 8 cm.

The mold frame is prepared from sheet metal, markings are made in accordance with double size details. Pipes are installed on the hanging plates to fill the technological voids of the blocks, and the edges of the machine are closed. The role of the plates is in the form of a limiter, which acts during operation of the vibration device. The lid is made to fit a mold with holes, the diameter of which should be slightly larger than the pipes themselves. Handles installed on different sides serve to raise and lower the mechanism.

The simplest design of a cinder block machine

Most easy option in the manufacture of equipment, production of building materials, there is a collapsible frame without additional elements. The drawings of a homemade machine for making simple cinder blocks do not contain a lot of information; every novice mechanic can figure it out.

A primitive design will require a soft solution, which is poured into the formwork. Glass bottles are suitable for technological voids required diameter. After several hours, the formwork is dismantled and the solution dries in the open space. A DIY cinder block machine can be made from hard wood or sheet steel, and the inside of the mold is oiled before filling.

Making a more complex machine

To make a more complex design, you will need a machine base. The mobility of the machine is a significant advantage; therefore, a frame is made from a 4 mm profile that is connected to the wheels. A pipe is welded at the top of the rack, which serves as a lifting mechanism. A machine for producing cinder blocks with your own hands will require an electric motor to which the shaft is connected.

The equipment produces cinder blocks by filling and closing a mold with a prepared solution. After filling, the electric motor starts, which compacts the mixture; after hardening, the machine is ready for use for the production of the next workpiece.

Do-it-yourself vibration machine for the production of cinder blocks

Quality finished products, a fast production process will never interfere with the farm. Therefore, it is possible to add an electric motor to the design of a primitive device. It is not difficult to assemble a machine for making cinder blocks with your own hands; you just need to follow the technical instructions. The design contains hand press, a vibrator and a homemade matrix. The work is made easier using a lever system.

The production of the machine takes place using the same tools; a low-power electric motor of up to 1 kW is added. During manufacturing, the main element is taken into account - the shape; the quality of the future product depends on its size and correct geometry. The sequence of manufacturing a vibrating machine:

The wall of the mold is cut out of sheet metal using a grinder. If the matrix is used in the production of several cinder blocks at the same time, it is important to provide partitions.
The pipe is divided into parts, with a height of slightly less bricks, the holes are welded. Fastening is done on plates, which are best made removable. This design can be used in the production of a monolith.
The electric motor mounting bolts are welded to the outer wall of the device, and a metal apron is mounted on top of the mold.
The press is made in the form of a plate, made of thick metal; holes are drilled with slightly larger diameter pipes to ensure a tight fit to the matrix along the plane.
An eccentric is manufactured for the electric motor, which can be provided independently. A bolt is welded onto the plane, along with a nut, which makes it possible to regulate vibrations.
Connecting the handle to the press, thoroughly cleaning the device, painting.

Do-it-yourself machines are distinguished by their productivity, but are indispensable in the household. The volume of production during the construction of the necessary structure is sufficient, allowing one to avoid financial losses for the purchase of new equipment.