Sanding is one of the wood processing methods that allows you to give the workpiece a perfectly smooth surface. Versatile to use grinding machine woodworking will be distinguished by its functionality and ease of use. To process lumber, you can use units manufactured by specialized manufacturers, or you can make such equipment yourself, which will allow you to save significantly.
Types of woodworking machines
Currently, there are numerous types of sanding machines that are designed to perform various types of work with wood. They differ in their design and are intended for domestic and industrial use. You can easily select both highly specialized models and universal machines that are designed for complex wood processing.
If necessary, you can make a homemade grinding machine for metal or wood, based on a drill, a motor from a washing machine, or using other equipment.
Disc units
The working surface of self-made grinding machines for metal and wood is made in the form of an island metal disk onto which the abrasive is attached. Due to its simplicity of design and versatility of use, equipment of this type has gained wide popularity in the market today.
This machine consists of an electric motor, on the axis of which a circle with a fixed working surface is put on. Abrasive attachments are attached to the working axis and sanding paper, which allows processing wooden blanks. Despite the simplicity of the design, such machines are distinguished by their versatility of use and can perform high-quality wood processing, giving the workpieces a perfectly flat and smooth surface.
The advantages of surface grinding technology include:
- Versatility of use.
- Efficiency.
- Reliability.
- Simplicity of design.
A feature of this type of equipment is the ability to adjust the processing speed of wooden workpieces without changing the speed of the working element. When working with such a machine, you can move the workpiece along the radius of the circle, which allows you to change the intensity of processing of products. At the periphery of the disk, the linear speed will be higher, which can significantly speed up and simplify wood processing. But inside the circle, where the linear speed is lower, final sanding is performed, removing the thinnest layer of wood.
Belt installations
Belt surface sanders have two shafts with a continuous belt of sandpaper stretched between them. Processing of workpieces is carried out by exposing them to sandpaper, which removes thin shavings from wooden workpieces, giving them a perfectly flat, smooth surface. The working surface of disc machines can be vertical or horizontal, while some models allow you to change the direction of movement of the belt. With the help of such equipment, it is possible to process long-length products, aligning their ends. The simplicity of the design allows you to make your own belt sanding machine for home use.
Drum models
The main purpose of units of this type is horizontal leveling using a jointer. This type of equipment is used mainly in industrial workshops, which is explained by the complexity of its design and the narrow specialization of drum units. Using drum sanding machines, wooden products of the same type with the same thickness are manufactured and processed.
Manufacturing of grinding machines
Machines offered today in specialized stores, manufactured industrially, are distinguished by their versatility in use, functionality and efficiency. Their only drawback is their high cost, therefore, if it is necessary to perform various types of grinding work, most homeowners decide to manufacture homemade equipment, which in its parameters and quality of processing is practically not inferior to factory units.
Structurally, a do-it-yourself metal grinding machine will consist of the following components:
- Metal or wooden frame.
- Electrical engine.
- Drive shaft.
- Working surface.
- Sanding belt.
When manufacturing a drum grinder, it is necessary to determine the power of the electric motor used. It is recommended to choose electric motors that develop around 3 kW and are capable of maintaining a clean rpm of 1,500 rpm. Based on such a drive, a functional, durable and reliable grinding machine can be manufactured that can cope with processing wooden products. The easiest way to make such equipment is based on an electric motor from an old washing machine.
The grinder bed can be made of lumber or metal corner, welded and additionally covered with plywood. It is necessary to select the dimensions of the bed based on the dimensions of the drive used, as well as the dimensions of the wooden workpieces processed on the unit. When constructing the bed, it is necessary to focus on the existing design documentation, which will allow you to correctly manufacture the load-bearing base of the machine, which will subsequently be able to withstand significant loads.
The shaft of the manual and automatic belt grinder, which is directly connected to the electric motor, can be machined by lathe or use ready-made blanks from industrial equipment. The shafts of the calibrating drum sanding machine must be located strictly in the middle of the main drive, which subsequently guarantees high-quality processing of wooden workpieces.
The optimal width of the sanding belt used will be 200 millimeters. It can be done from emery, which is cut into strips and then the abrasive tape used is glued from them. The material must be glued end-to-end, and with reverse side Dense material is placed to ensure the strength of the seam.
By making a sanding machine with your own hands, you can significantly simplify the processing of wooden blanks, leveling boards and removing chips from lumber. Making such a unit with your own hands will not be difficult. On the Internet, you will need to select a schematic drawing for the manufacture of the machine, and using an electric motor from an old washing machine, make the simplest equipment, which in its functionality and quality of processing will not be inferior to factory-made equipment.
To fully process the product with your own hands, power tools are required. But it happens that a tool alone is not enough, and you have to resort to the help of more serious electrical equipment. For example, in order to fully process the surface of large products, equipment such as a belt sanding machine is used.
This type of machine is very expensive if it is produced in a specialized factory. For this reason, most craftsmen make their own belt sanding machine.
What does a belt sander consist of?
The most used material for the production of parts is wood. Various equipment is used to process wood products. In order to bring a wooden product as accurately as possible, a homemade belt sanding machine is used, in which the abrasive belt is at the forefront.
Mechanisms of a metal grinding machine:
- Horizontal and vertical arrangement abrasive tape. It is pulled onto both drums, which perform rotational movements.
- Two rotating drums: master and slave. It is possible to regulate the speed of the rotating element.
- The mechanism is installed on a table surface, which can be wooden or metal. On a metal base it is possible to sharpen more complex parts.
- The power of the electric motor on the basis of which the unit operates must have at least 2.8 kW, while ensuring a belt speed of at least 20 meters per second.
- As a rule, a special hood is installed to remove dust and dirt during operation.
There is a pattern between the length of the machine and the length of the part that is processed on it: the larger the part, the longer the processing mechanism should be.
Purpose
Most often, this unit is used to carry out last stage for working with the product. Belt metal sanders work on both wood and metal structures. The wood processing device is capable of perfectly leveling roughness on the surface being processed, shaving off all unnecessary burrs, producing internal grinding products, make the product extremely even and smooth.
Metal belt grinding machines successfully process metals of any category: flat, round non-ferrous metals, as well as quadrangular-shaped workpieces, including simple alloyed metals. Such machines can process any complex products in a short time: round timber, pipes large diameter.
Belt grinding machines are also intended for:
- Final sanding of the part before applying a layer of paint or varnish.
- Heat treatment of irregularities on the product.
- Difficult processing of the surface of the bar.
How to make a desktop work surface with your own hands?
The best option is to choose a thick canvas for high-quality coating. The larger the size of the desktop, the more complex the product can be manufactured. The functionality of the working bed directly depends on the ease of processing metal or wooden surface on her.
Mechanisms for manufacturing a volumetric frame:
- Make the necessary markings.
- Drill three sockets for bolts.
- Using three bolts, secure the surface for work.
How to choose and install the correct motor for a belt grinder grinder?
Most often, a regular engine from a washing machine can act as a machine motor. But if it is difficult to find and install one, then you can purchase any motor that makes at least 1500 rpm. If the motor is fixed to the frame, you need to ensure that it is installed as firmly as possible.
As a rule, two drums are installed on the machine: a leading one and a driven one. The best material for manufacturing is chipboard.
Drum making process:
- You should get a blank made from chipboard sheet volume of at least 200 by 200 mm.
- Grind the workpiece so that its diameter is at least 200 mm.
- Install this processed workpiece on the torque shaft of the machine motor. Its purpose is to set the tape in motion.
- Install the second torque (driven) on the axle and secure it with single bearings. In this case, it is necessary to make a small slope on the side of the drum part. This allows the tape to lightly touch the surface of the workpiece.
Particular attention should be paid to the manufacture of the drum - it should be several centimeters larger than the driven element. This ensures stable operation of the engine and protects it from overheating and the possibility of rupture of the tensioned belt.
How to make a belt sander yourself
To produce belts for sanding machines, several high-quality strips of sandpaper are most often taken. They must be cut into several long pieces (at least 200 mm long) and joined with glue. The best raw material for glued fabric is tarpaulin.
All work related to gluing must be accompanied by a highly effective lubricating layer, which will make the element strong and as durable as possible. Many leading experts advise covering both rollers with high-quality rubber. Bicycle and moped cameras are best suited for this role.
The optimal thickness of rubber gluing is at least 30 mm. After all the necessary procedures for assembling the unit, you can safely proceed to processing wood or metal products.
The process of assembling the machine to make it as high quality as possible
Thus, a modern grinding machine can be made with your own hands, but taking into account the fact that the bars must be made of birch or pine. The most significant elements for high-quality processing The products are glued together with PVA glue, and installation of the unit is not complete without screws of different sizes.
In this case, gluing can be two simple pieces of chipboard boards, which are connected by hinges. It is best to fasten with M6 bolts.
The bottom of the machine is supported on block blocks, which are first adjusted to the dimensions of the machine, then small pieces of rubber are attached to maintain the balance of the unit during operation. From the front part, the grinding unit is attached with European screws for the manufacture of furniture to the mill and for processing the product.
Features of the design idea of a homemade unit
A belt grinding machine can be designed in different ways from a design point of view: the table can be movable or stationary, and the belt can be loose or tightly stretched. Equipment with several wide belts is in a special position. In such a situation, the desktop is made in the shape of a caterpillar. And also in some models the presence of a tabletop surface is not provided at all.
Most often, such a mechanism is used for sharpening or recessing:
- Knives.
- Screwdriver.
- Chisel.
- Toporov.
- Secateurs.
- Other piercing and cutting objects.
Rules for safe and efficient work
Not a single tabletop grinding unit is provided without a special device for dust extraction during the working process. Any professional or home-made machine works smoothly only if necessary measures security.
When turned on, the machine begins to produce at least 1,500 revolutions per minute, and at this speed there is a high probability of small particles getting inside the unit, which then enter the human body through the breathing apparatus.
Video: homemade belt sanding machine.
Harmful effects
A disc-belt grinding machine has a very negative impact on a person’s hearing system, and with prolonged use, you can become deaf or blind if you work without special glasses. It is unacceptable to approach a working unit with wet hands and in an uncovered work coat.
As practice shows, the consequences can be more than sad for the worker, including a high probability of damage to a wooden or metal product. After using the grinding material for a long time, it should be replaced with a new one to avoid causing tool defects.
One of the final operations in the manufacture of products is grinding. To perform this, you can use sandpaper, a grinder or a grinder. Most often, sanding is required in furniture production. The most productive and accurate will be the tape type.
It can be used for finishing Not only wooden parts, but also metal, using the appropriate abrasive material. You can get rid of grooves and burrs, remove old coating, get a smooth surface, or calibrate a part.
Types of grinding equipment
There are several types of sanding equipment for finishing wood products.
Varieties depending on the type of grinding surface:
- Disk. The part is processed on a work table perpendicular (or at an angle) to which there is an emery disk connected to the engine. Designed for cleaning cylindrical, conical or spherical parts. Productive and compact machine.
- Drum. The working body of the equipment, as the name suggests, is a drum. To increase productivity or combine rough and fine grinding, install two drums with different sizes abrasive grains. Designed for processing long flat workpieces (boards, slats).
- Tape. The grinding part is an abrasive coated belt. The machine is different high performance and relatively not high cost.
Belt Sanding Machine
Types of machines depending on the type of workpiece:
- Cylindrical grinders. They are used to process conical and cylindrical outer surfaces of workpieces.
- Centerless. Designed to work with long parts or without a hole in the center.
- Internal grinding. Grind the holes different forms. Most in demand in industry.
- Surface grinding. Allows you to process the ends and periphery of the circle. They can be equipped with tables that rotate or move longitudinally.
The most in demand not only in production, but also in private households are belt surface grinding machines.
Construction of the tape machine
A wood sanding machine consists of a motor that rotates the drums using a V-belt drive.
A tape with abrasive particles, which is connected at the ends, is pulled onto the drums. It can be located both in a vertical and horizontal position, as well as at an angle.
For ease of processing parts, many machines have a table mounted perpendicular to the working body. To regulate the processing mode of workpieces, you can change the speed of movement of the drums.
For the convenience of working on a belt sanding machine, you need to take into account the difference in the length of the belt and the size of the workpiece. The tape should be longer than the surface of the workpiece. In this case, grinding will be more efficient and of higher quality.
The nuances of the execution of the tape machine may vary. The desktop can be movable or rigidly fixed. The work table can also be made in the form of a caterpillar, additionally performing the function of feeding material.
Or there is a complete absence of a desktop and the presence of a free tape, which can be in any position. The width of the abrasive belt may vary.
Any surface grinder band saw equipped with a device for aspirating dust that occurs during grinding.
The operating parameters of grinding equipment are the speed of movement of the belt, the force of pressing the part against the belt, and the tension of the belt. If the belt speed is too high and the pressure is too low, some parts of the workpiece may remain unsanded.
If the part is pressed too hard and the tape feed speed is low, on the contrary, the part can be damaged. The belt is tensioned by moving the driven drum.
The working machine itself may differ in grain size. It is selected depending on the required smoothness of the part and the material of the workpiece. It is the hardness of the workpiece that primarily affects the nature of the abrasive surface.
The quality of the tape gluing affects the work. It must be correctly connected, intact and without damage, so that during the grinding process there is no disruption to the operation of the equipment.
When pulling the tape onto the drum, you need to ensure that the seam during operation does not cling to the material being processed, but slides along it. That is, the connection of the tape should lie in the direction of movement, and not against it.
DIY grinder
Making your own grinding machine
At home, professional equipment does not pay for itself quickly due to irregular use. You can make a belt sanding machine with your own hands to save money on purchasing such a tool.
A homemade surface grinding machine has the main structural components - a motor, a frame and drums.
How to make a grinding machine? It is better to choose for the bed a metal sheet, minimum dimensions which is 500x180x20 mm. The larger the dimensions of the working surface, the more convenient and more various parts can be processed. It is important to process the side of the frame to which the platform with the electric motor will be attached very smoothly.
The guillotine can help deal with this. The platform for the engine must be made of sheet metal with dimensions 180x160x10 mm. But you definitely need to check whether its dimensions correspond to the dimensions of the engine. The sheet is attached to the frame with several bolts.
The motor for a homemade belt sander can be a motor from a washing machine.
Washing machine engine
It is worth selecting an electric motor with a power of up to 3 kW and a rotation speed of about 1500 rpm. It is important to fix the unit on the site firmly and securely.
For a DIY woodworking machine to work effectively, the belt speed should be about 20 m/s. To ensure this mode, the diameter of the drums must be 200 mm.
With such parameters, there is no need to use a gearbox. The driving drum is connected directly to the motor shaft, and the driven drum rotates freely on the shaft in bearings.
To save money, you can use homemade drums:
- Make 20x20 cm squares from chipboard sheets.
- Make a stack 24 cm thick from sawn squares.
- From a package folded in this way, cut out a disk with a diameter of 20 cm. When making drums, you need to take into account that in the section the diameter of the outer part should be 2–3 mm less than the diameter of the central part. This will ensure that the belt is centered on the drum.
The width of the sanding belt should be 200 mm in accordance with the width of the drums.
It is necessary to select the appropriate width of the sanding belt
To make it, you can take sanding strips and carefully glue them together. As good foundation Can be canvas fabric.
To prevent the belt from slipping when moving, it is recommended to cover the drums with rubber. For example, you can use inner tubes for a moped or bicycle. The desired height of the rubber layer should be 3 cm.
By making a belt sanding machine, you can get a set of not only equipment for grinding wooden workpieces, but also a tool for high-quality sharpening of cutting metal objects.
Video: How to make a mini belt sander
All materials in any production, in addition to manufacturing, require additional and finishing processing. Vivid examples of such treatments include grinding and polishing the product. These two types of mechanical action on the surface of the part bring its appearance to perfection. However, everyone knows that performing these operations by hand will take a lot of time and effort, and even processing can only be ensured by a very experienced craftsman. To facilitate this kind of work, people have come up with various devices and mechanisms to help them. Some of them will be discussed further.
General purpose and types of machines
The machine is intended for final processing of parts and workpieces made of different materials by exposing them to an abrasive or diamond-coated surface. The machine, its component mechanisms and I allow devices t maintain the accuracy of size and shape, and also ensure the creation of an ideal surface of a part or workpiece.
Using the machine, you can process flat parts, surfaces outside and inside, parts of various geometric shape, grind or polish threads and gear teeth. According to their own Characteristics of grinding machines are divided into:
- Cylindrical grinders.
- Internal grinding.
- Centerless grinding.
- Surface grinding.
- Special machines (for grinding threads, gears).
Grinding process
Grinding is the process of removing the top layer from the surface of a workpiece using abrasives or diamond chips. They are collected into a common mass on the working surface and held together with a binder. They ultimately form a grinding wheel or belt.
During operation, the abrasive surface is driven in a circular motion using an electric motor. When the surface of the workpiece comes into contact with the abrasive, the processing process occurs. There is a common belief that grinding with abrasives is friction processing. However, this is not true.
Each abrasive particle has sharp edges; when it touches a material (metal, plastic, wood, stone), it works like a cutting tool and removes chips, like a milling cutter or drill. Considering the considerable rotation speed grinding wheels, as well as the occurrence of chips as a product of grinding, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of injury from these very chips.
Safety precautions during operation
When working on the machine it is required observe following rules safety precautions:
Necessity at work and at home
Today at production workshops Grinding machines are used constantly. Depending on the scale of production, either one machine or all its varieties in complexity and size can be installed.
However, even in everyday life this equipment there is always a use. Some people have a bench sanding machine for metal processing in their garage. Others have several wood grinding machines of different designs installed in their workshop. Still others own a universal, combined machine. There are power tools for manual grinding: drum type, belt grinder, band saw, small machines or large machines. And they are all in demand.
The market offers a fairly wide range of all kinds of similar equipment from many manufacturers. And their prices are quite reasonable. But these are cars general purpose. And if a person is engaged own business, or he has a hobby, then he needs a specially specialized machine. Here the price has already increased several times.
For this reason or based on own desires Many craftsmen make homemade products. Mainly for processing wood, plastic and metal, less often for cutting and grinding stone. And, in general, this is correct. After all, even simple sharpening Kitchen knives are easier and faster to make on a machine than by hand using a whetstone. The blessing of creating with your own hands homemade machine Its very simple design is suitable for wood.
DIY grinding machine For a tree it is not difficult to assemble. People also simply call it emery.
The main component is the engine. Surely many people have an old one on their farm. washing machine. Its motor is quite suitable for this purpose. If not, a new engine on the market will be quite expensive, but at any flea market you can find a used one in working condition. The electric motor must be strong from 750 W to 2 kW, not high-speed from 1500 to 3000 rpm, if three-phase, then you can always adapt it to 220 V. You will also need thick plywood, self-tapping screws, PVA glue, and tools, of course.
The task is simple: make a hard drive on which to stick sandpaper. To do this, draw a circle with a diameter of 150-170 mm on plywood; if the plywood is thick enough to hide the clamping nut, one piece is enough. If not, glue two identical pieces together with PVA glue. The motor spindle clamping nut must be recessed into the disc flush with its working plane.
From the same 15-24 mm plywood you need to make several parts:
- The frame to which the engine will be attached.
- Feed table with guides for changing the angle of inclination.
- Disk protection design.
- Base for attaching the entire machine to the workbench.
The disk protection can be made in the form of an arch with right angles or truncated ones. It, like the feed table, is attached to the frame. As an additional accessory, you can install a protractor stop on the feed table, which will allow you to feed the workpiece at a fixed, horizontal angle.
Paying tribute to aesthetics, it is advisable to polish every detail before assembly. But this is optional, but with the serving table this must be done carefully. Smooth surface will provide uniform and continuous movement of the part along the working surface of the disk.
The purpose of this machine is revealed in its very name- surface grinding, that is, for grinding flat surfaces parts and blanks. It can be disk, drum (like a thicknesser) or belt. Moreover, its working surface can be positioned vertically, horizontally or adjustable.
Some machine designs are made fully adjustable. But this is individual. Homemade cars everyone does it for themselves to make it more convenient to work. Designs with full adjustment are more difficult to manufacture. They have adjustable pressure on the drum or belt, that is, in other words, there is the possibility of fixed movement of the working surface along the vertical axis. And the tool rest has a movement mechanism in two directions, like a cutter holder carriage on a lathe.
From the verbal description it is difficult to imagine what it looks like. And even more difficult to understand how it works. But today we have the Internet. There you can find videos where seasoned craftsmen share their experience, explain in detail and show how to make such equipment. Detailed information provided drawings and diagrams with exact dimensions and instructions on what material to use for assembly. In general, if you have difficulty designing it yourself, you can always simply make someone else’s copy.
This machine was invented for processing long parts. The abrasive belt is based on a durable fabric fabric, fastened into a ring. There are different sizes. It is driven by the same electric motor with similar characteristics. But some craftsmen replace the engine with a drill. Good drill- a universal tool in many respects. However, such a replacement is more relevant for small-sized desktop machines, as a rule, these are used by modellers.
How to assemble a belt sander with your own hands? The belt is stretched between two shafts or drum rollers. One of which is the leading one (it is mounted on the motor spindle), and the second is the driven one (it provides tension on the sanding belt). To prevent the tape from jumping off the drums, stopper washers are attached to their ends. It turns out something like a textile reel. With minor distortions, the tape wears out faster than the edges of the tape rubbing against the lock washers are destroyed. So this idea is quite viable and justifies itself.
Also, a support screen is installed between the drums on the back side of the belt, which ensures tight pressing of the entire plane of the workpiece to the surface of the belt. To reduce friction, the screen is carefully polished. It can be made from either light metal or hard wood.
The drive roller must be rubberized or made of hard rubber. This will ensure that the tape cannot slip across the surface of the roller. The entire structure can be positioned in different ways if necessary: vertically, horizontally or at an angle. A rigid hand rest, at an angle of 90 degrees, or an adjustable one, is attached to the common bed, as on all similar machines. The distance between the tape and the edge of the table at hand should not be more than 3 mm. Since rupture of the belt is not capable of causing significant bodily harm, protection is done only to remove grinding products.
Homemade grinder
Grinder is a high speed belt Grinder or a universal machine. Working surfaces - disk and tape. The engine used is the same as on all machines. And high speed is achieved by using pulleys of different diameters. A large diameter pulley is mounted on the motor spindle and is the drive pulley. The small pulley is a tension pulley.
On universal machine A disk is also attached to the spindle. You can also install an additional transfer roller, the support mounts of which will be spring-loaded. This is done to quickly change the abrasive belt.
The grinder differs from other grinding machines in its processing speed and versatility. Using interchangeable belts for different materials, you can quickly process even high-alloy steel surfaces.
Metal belt grinding machine belongs to the category universal tools, characterized by a wide range of applications. It is suitable for working with various materials, but the optimal ratio of speed and quality is formed with metal.
Without this equipment, resizing, creating ideal forms, bright shine and attractive appearance of products, which is especially important when working with parts that have a non-standard design. The main purpose is to carry out the finishing stage of processing. Devices of this type are used, as a rule, to form elements that have a production purpose.
Description
Just look at the metal Russian production, and the principle of its operation immediately becomes clear. The central part of the device is enclosed in a sanding belt. She represents work surface, used to bring the workpieces to the desired appearance. The tape can be different, its characteristics are determined by the amount of abrasive and grain size. The quality and intensity of the treatment depends on the last parameter, and the abrasive element can be represented by diamond, silicon carbide or aluminum oxide. If necessary, this part is replaced with another.
for metal: characteristics
Tape selection has special meaning, since a low-quality product or one that does not match the materials used will complicate the processing and obtaining the desired result. Maximum smoothness of the workpiece is ensured by removing a thin surface layer using abrasive spraying. It is enough to choose a suitable tape - and it will be possible to form a mirror surface.
Household combined belt grinding machines for metal have one more main part - a working drive. The movement of the processing belt is carried out precisely by an electric motor built into the structure. Among the features of the equipment, it is worth noting the preservation of operational stability under any operating conditions and the processing process at a constant belt speed.
The functionality of the tool is quite extensive; it can be varied using working built-in modules. This ensures the possibility of trimming, cleaning and grinding workpieces. Processing may take place various shapes, not only flat, but also non-standard. It is also worth noting the possibility of grinding rounded elements both from the outside and from the outside. inside, and processing of flat planes.
Exist certain rules, compliance with which is necessary to ensure safe and high-quality work, the main ones of which are the following:
- Overheating can lead to deterioration in physical and mechanical characteristics workpieces, therefore, constant monitoring of the heating of the material is required throughout all stages.
- The tape must be stored in suitable conditions with stable temperature conditions and average humidity.
Advantages
You can make metal with your own hands quite quickly and have many advantages, some of which are worth noting:
- Possibility of adding optional elements for various purposes.
- The work process is characterized by a minimal level of vibration and noise, which significantly simplifies the task of the craftsmen.
- Intuitive controls, thanks to which beginners require a minimum amount of time to master the equipment and increase productivity.
- No need to carry out service. All parts can be repaired or replaced in-house.
- The finest processing of metal and alloy products is carried out due to the high speed of rotation of the belt.
What you need to know
When choosing a belt grinding machine for metal, you should pay attention Special attention for technical specifications. The width may vary; this parameter is indicated in numeric code. There is equipment that has a two-speed operating mode. Its main advantage is the ability to process products from of stainless steel and non-ferrous metals.
Selection of materials and tools
A metal band saw is an indispensable piece of equipment for any workshop due to its processing capabilities. various products. But high-quality devices that are presented in stores are quite expensive, which is why many people prefer to make them themselves. A similar tool can be made at home using a jigsaw, grinder and drill. Also, the help of a turner will not be superfluous.
There are many varieties suitable for various types processing, they can have any size and several rollers. Most of them are designed for processing in vertical planes. Despite this, a multifunctional metal belt grinder capable of working in two planes will be more useful and convenient. Thanks to this, it becomes possible to carry out almost all tasks, since the planes allow you to work with the workpiece at any pre-set angle.
Self-production
You can make it yourself using a minimum number of tools; it will have a base made of sheet metal. It is recommended to assemble using electric welding, which will simplify and speed up the work. It is also possible to use screws, but they reduce strength finished design and require drilling large quantity holes. The grinder will become indispensable when cutting out plates.
It is better to entrust some parts to a professional milling machine, for example, semicircular grooves on the elements that allow the platform to rotate. For cutting yourself, you will need a drill, drill, files and cutters.
The optimal material for making rollers is duralumin and titanium, in the absence of blanks from required material You can use standard steel. At the same time, the creation of a large roller located on a pulley and receiving thrust from the engine is only possible from steel, since it is almost impossible to find a workpiece of this size made of titanium or duralumin.
Rollers
The roller must be equipped seats for the bearing and have a hollow design necessary to reduce weight. It is worth noting that after the metal belt grinding machine is assembled, all rollers must be in one line; failure to comply with this rule will lead to frequent jumping of the abrasive element.
The width of the rollers can be different; it is selected depending on the size of the abrasive tape, which can be purchased at finished form or glue it yourself. Before starting to manufacture the rollers, it is necessary to draw up a drawing, and the products should ultimately acquire a barrel-shaped shape, which is necessary to prevent the tape from sliding off the surface during operation.
There should be no roughness or burrs on the outside of the rollers. Bearings are not recommended open type, as they will quickly fail due to the large amount of dust generated during processing. The best option will become quality parts, manufactured by reputable companies, since the rollers have fairly high speeds, especially for smaller parts.
Belt and tensioner
With your own hands it is supplemented by automatic tension of the tape, produced using a spring with suitable elasticity. It is worth noting that such equipment simplifies the operation of the tools, since there is no need to create a tension threaded element, and the process of replacing the tape requires a minimum number of steps. This is especially true for processing metal products, since during grinding you need to constantly change the abrasive part.
To make tape, it cannot be used on paper based because it lacks strength. Gluing can be done by any in a convenient way, you must use a special elastic glue, which today is presented in a wide range, and reinforce the seam with a square of high-quality, thin fabric, glued on the inside. The gluing principle can be copied from any magazine tape designed for hand-held grinding tools.
A do-it-yourself belt grinder is made without the participation of assistants and becomes more functional by creating an additional table next to the large motor pulley. The main thing is not to forget about the special connection of the switch, that is, it should be used to change the direction of rotation of the engine. It is worth noting that the pulley and belt rotate towards the table.
Engine
It is recommended to use a 220 volt electric motor with a power of about 1.5 kW. When using a 380-volt unit that requires a star or delta connection and the use of capacitors, the power of the device will be reduced by 30%. It is desirable that the engine has a cantilever mount and a sufficient number of revolutions, which will ensure greater efficiency of the machine.
Peculiarities
After assembling all the elements, the metal belt sander can be operated in both horizontal and vertical positions. Changing the position is done with a minimum number of actions, which significantly simplifies the work. The equipment is effective not only for grinding metal surfaces, but also when cleaning welds on blanks from sheet material. Particular convenience is noted when processing smaller elements. It’s not for nothing that such equipment has proven itself excellent in the field of knife production.
Despite the fact that creating a tool requires sufficient time, it will in any case cost much less than a branded machine and will have advanced functionality. Recommended for use during cutting process high-quality files for metal, you can also use a plasma cutter, which will significantly speed up the production of equipment.
Conclusion
The metal belt grinding machine has gained its popularity due to its wide range of work. At the same time, it can be equipped additional elements to provide necessary functions. It is worth noting that even the simplest equipment is designed to perform tasks of varying complexity.
The choice of one option or another is made as follows: technical parameters, and in terms of functionality. Devices with an expanded list of characteristics have become most widespread. A modern range of equipment for processing metal products allows you to select the necessary tool with the desired functions.