On the one hand, installing a hip roof has clear advantages in a reduced amount of materials and good performance characteristics, but at the same time, installing a hip roof is a rather complex process, which is almost impossible to cope with on your own. We’ll talk about the features of making a hip roof further.
Features and advantages of a hip roof
For self-made for a hip roof, you should have at least basic skills in calculating it.
Among the main components of a hip roof we highlight:
- corner rafter;
- short rafters;
- ridge type beam;
- central rafters;
- intermediate type rafters.
Among the main advantages of this type of roof, we note its excellent aerodynamic resistance, thanks to which it can easily withstand even the strongest winds. Therefore, if the presence of hurricanes is expected in the region, then the most the best option a hip roof will be installed.
The main disadvantage is the difficulty of carrying out calculations and constructing the overall structure. Besides, attic space is different small area and small useful volume. The classical understanding of a hip roof is determined by its similarity to a pyramid, which consists of four slopes and a base. It is possible to support the slopes on the house or extend them beyond its boundaries.
If we consider the scheme for arranging a hip roof, then it is distinguished by a certain simplicity, and a wide variety of methods are used to calculate it. In order to correctly design a hip roof, the Pythagorean table is most often used; with its help, calculations of trapezoids and triangular structures are carried out with maximum accuracy.
Calculating the slopes and hip sections also does not require much time, but in order to accurately determine the dimensions of rafters for sloped or ordinary purposes, you need to work hard.
A brief construction scheme includes carrying out calculations, assembling the frame, and securing the roof.
1. The ridge system must be made of the same type of wood.
2. Since intermediate boards are installed with a huge slope, they must be strong enough to optimal size material is 5x15 cm.
3. To fix short elements, ridge boards are not required; they are fixed in corner areas.
4. Rafters of a central, intermediate nature are installed on the ridge board.
To make the design work much easier, you should study exactly design features roof, and the main purpose of each of its elements:
- the ridge acts as a load-bearing axis, which is the central part of the structure;
- in the form of power elements, it is recommended to install edgings, one part of which is fixed on the ridge, and the second extends beyond the roof;
- the central rafters are fixed at the end section of the ridge, and the output is outside the walls;
- intermediate types of rafters will be fixed to the ridge and slopes.
To ensure that measurements and design are as accurate as possible, we recommend using a measuring rod rather than a level. A plywood strip or a narrow strip is suitable for its manufacture.
Please note that it is better to choose material from coniferous species wood, since it is this wood that is most resistant to external irritants. In addition, the tree must pass high-quality processing and drying. Thickness ridge beam and all rafters should be the same. All measurements are taken in relation to the lower rib part of the rafter.
Upon completion of the work, a sheathing is made on the roof, the size and configuration of which depends on the further type of covering, and then the following work is carried out:
- installing a vapor barrier - used to attach the film construction stapler, and to improve the joining, a tape having sealing properties is laid on the surface of the seams;
- the insulation layer is laid close to the rafters, starting from the bottom, please note that the interval between the layer of waterproofing and insulation should be at least 20 mm, in this way it will be possible to organize a ventilation space;
- further work is carried out on laying waterproofing;
- the control sheathing is the place on which the outer covering is attached.
Creating a hip roof project
The most important feature of a hip-type roof is the observance of strict symmetry. Therefore, when arranging it, very strict calculations should be carried out. The whole difficulty lies in designing the rafter system.
Arranging a hip roof is only possible if it is located on a building that forms a square or regular polygon. In the first case, the roof will consist of four isosceles triangular structures. To calculate such a roof, it is enough to carry out calculations to determine the area of the slope and multiply given value by four. To determine the area, the base divided by two is multiplied by the height of the triangular structure. Next, the obtained value is summed with the area of the eaves sections, which have the shape of a trapezoid with equal lateral sides.
Next stage involves calculating the roof area in relation to the wall outer wall. Please note that the hip roof is equipped with a slope of thirty or forty degrees; this value is taken into account when calculating the ridge zone.
The height of the ridge is calculated by multiplying half the length of the main part of the roof by the tangent and sine of the angle of inclination of the roof. To determine the last two values, use the Internet. When the height of the ridge is found, the height of the triangular part of the roof is determined, according to which its sides are calculated.
To calculate the parameters of eaves overhangs, one should proceed from the structural features; the minimum overhang value is thirty centimeters.
If this procedure is too complicated for you, then it is better to contact specialists, since incorrect calculations will significantly affect the quality and performance characteristics of the roof.
Features and design of a hip roof
There are two options for arranging rafter systems for a hip roof:
- hanging;
- layered.
The first option is suitable for roofs with large spans, in the absence of the possibility of providing supports. Thus, the rafters rest solely on the walls, creating horizontal bursting pressure. To reduce it, install wooden or steel ties. At the top, the rafters should be connected to each other, and at the bottom they should rest on the walls. This type The system is highly complex and rarely used.
The second option is simpler and more popular, but its arrangement will require an internal load-bearing wall, which will bear part of the load. This roof has several support points, in the form rafter legs and the ridge, while the pressure on the walls is practically not felt.
There is an interval of 400-500 cm between the supporting parts. If this value is increased, then it is recommended to install supporting mechanisms in the form of struts. This type rafter system requires less material consumption, is lighter weight and has a simpler design.
The rafter system for the manufacture of a hip roof consists of:
- diagonal beams that have an angular arrangement;
- Mauerlats - beams designed to support the lower part of the rafter system;
- rafter legs - parts that are attached to the rafters;
- struts - supports for the previous part;
- purlins, crossbars, beams, providing additional rigidity to the entire structure.
Hip roof photo and preparatory stage of work
The hip roof in the house must be equipped before the ceiling appears in it. Preparatory stage The installation of a hip roof includes laying timber around the perimeter of the house structure. Steel or wooden beams, which help to evenly distribute weight throughout the structure.
To fix them, special kind of pins are used. Next you need to perform a series of actions:
- mark the axis along the perimeter of the entire harness;
- calculate half the thickness of the ridge beam, and mark the area where the first rafter element will be installed;
- place the measuring rod with one end on the marked line and mark the place where the rafter will be located;
- to calculate the overhang of the rafters, install one part of the beam on the roof, and the second on the outer corner of the wall;
- in order to clearly determine the location of each part of the roof, you should gradually move the rail on the wall surface and mark the installation location of each element;
- repeat all the above operations with other triangles.
DIY hip roof: installation features
To build a hip roof yourself you will need:
- electric saws;
- grinder or jigsaw;
- ax;
- electric plane;
- hammer with nails;
- dowels with self-tapping screws;
- beams and boards, preferably one type of wood;
- metal staples, for the manufacture of which metal rods are used, with a thickness of at least 0.8 cm;
- roofing finishing material.
At the start of execution installation work The main components of the roof are assembled. This will require the presence of logs, beams and boards of a certain cross-section. The assembly procedure is carried out according to a pre-prepared template.
The thickness of the material is influenced, first of all, by the length of the rafters, the pitch of laying parts, the angle of inclination of the roof and total load. The initial assembly of all elements is carried out on the ground.
If you plan to install a hip roof in a wooden house, then it is installed on the upper crown of timber.
It is necessary to begin work by arranging the main part of the roof. Mauerlats and planks are laid on the surface of the walls. Please note that before carrying out this process, you should take care preliminary waterproofing and install material with increased moisture resistance on the walls, such as polyethylene film.
Next, two rafters are raised at angles opposite to each other. Their connection is carried out in the ridge zone. To avoid weakening the Mauerlat, do not make cuts or cuts on its surface; it is preferable to use a board that has been previously cut for the beams.
Next, raise the two rafters at the other corners and also secure them in the ridge area. Adjust the notches, secure the system with puffs. Building a hip roof with your own hands implies the absence of a purlin, so the connection of the diagonal rafters is made directly at the ridge.
To provide additional structural rigidity, it is recommended to install central pillar, which will support the ridge.
The final stage involves the installation of racks, struts and extensions. To provide additional rigidity to the legs of the rafter system, parts in the form of rods should be placed under their surface.
The main condition for the correct execution of all work is the installation of rafters at right angles.
To ensure protection of the building walls from high humidity, it is recommended to install the overhanging parts of the rafters between the walls at intervals of 450 mm. When installing non-protruding rafters, they need additional extension using sections of boards.
Rafters, in mandatory fixed on the walls. If the house is made of stone or brick materials, then it is sufficient to use a special five-millimeter wire, which in the form of clamps, one part is fixed to the rafters, and the other to the wall, using a pin.
To fix the rafters to wooden walls, it is enough to use metal staples. The next stage is installation of sheathing, provision of high-quality wind protection, steam and waterproofing work.
Please note that only if the calculations are carried out correctly and all technological aspects of arranging the roof are observed, it will serve its owner for a long time and with high quality, and will provide reliable protection the entire building from negative impacts environment.
The procedure for strengthening a hip roof and the technology for its implementation
To improve the rigidity and reliability of the entire hip roof structure, its rafter system needs additional reinforcement; we’ll talk about the technology for carrying out this process further:
1. Installation of extensions will ensure reliable reinforcement of corner sections. This element has the shape of a beam, which is installed near the Mauerlat and contributes to the formation of an angle. We recommend that in addition to the strengel, install an element in the form of a truss.
2. To connect the floor and beam, elements in the form of racks are used. They are responsible for the uniform distribution of the entire load.
3. If the length of the diagonal rafters is too long, it is recommended instead ordinary timber, install double beams.
4. To build the sheathing, use wooden planks or bars, section 4x4 cm.
5. Before using any wood-based materials, it is recommended to treat them with special compounds moisture-repellent and antiseptic purposes.
6. Do not use materials with high humidity, since as they dry, they will lead to deformation of the roof.
7. The sheathing is installed perpendicular to the rafter legs.
The roof of a building is its main protection. Variety of shapes, types roofing structures allows you to achieve an individual look for a private home or cottage. One of the most interesting options is a hip roof.
What it is?
A hip roof is a modification where all sides slope down towards the walls, usually at a fairly gentle slope, although a hip roof by definition is a hipped roof with a steep slope as it rises to its peak. Thus, the roof has no gables or other vertical sides.
They can be built in the most different forms. Each ridge is central over a building rectangle. The triangular edges are called hip ends and are bounded by the hips themselves. The "hips" and running rafters are on outer corner buildings and rise to the ridge. Where the building has internal corner, valley is the space between inclined surfaces. They provide a compact, durable appearance designs. The pitch of the roof may vary.
In modern domestic architecture, such structures are usually found in bungalows and cottages and are an integral part of some styles; their rafter system may differ.
The structure is self-supporting, requiring less diagonal bracing than a gable. Thus, the roof is much better suited for areas where hurricanes are common. It doesn't have big, flat ends to catch the wind and is inherently much more stable than a gable. However, for such an area, the structure must be steep, preferably at least 35 degrees from horizontal or steep.
When the wind flows over a sloping hip, the roof can behave like an airplane wing. An elevator is then created on the leeward side. If the slopes are less than 35 degrees horizontally, the roof will be susceptible to lifting.
A possible disadvantage is that indoors under the roof less space, access to maintenance is more difficult, the hips of the roof are more difficult to ventilate and there is no bridgehead with a window for natural light.
Peculiarities
This type of roofing can have a significant impact on the overall appearance. There are literally dozens of options in domestic architecture, but one of the most popular is the hipped roof.
There are several ways to make it, but in general builders arrive at two basic forms. First it is a square, or a pyramid. To cover a square building, four triangular sections meet at one point in the center of the structure, like a pyramid.
But if your building is not square, if it is a rectangle, in that case you will have parts different sizes. The rafters do not meet at one point; instead, the two longer sides will be separated by a ridge running parallel to the direction of the building. In principle, the two edges will be similar to the first option. However, rather than leaving the ends open, the triangular sections slope outward from the edges of the ridge, with four slanted sides.
Advantages and disadvantages
There are several advantages to choosing this design. Because they don't have valleys, they are less likely to leak. This means the attic insulation is functioning properly.
This roof holds up well in strong winds. Its aerodynamic qualities and short eaves prevent lifting and help provide greater stability to the house. This makes her much best choice than a traditional gabled one because it is less likely to blow away or break apart during a severe thunderstorm or tornado. A house always has differences, especially if you think through the design.
The perimeter has a large surface area for ventilation. This prevents many roofing problems such as premature aging, cold corridors. In addition to proper ventilation, simple lines make work easier drainage system away from the home and fix potential leaks and other problems typically associated with faulty gutters.
Solar panels operate on maximum power when installed on a southern slope. Since the roof consists of four planes, the orientation of the house does not affect the use of solar energy.
However, there are also disadvantages. The structure costs more initially, and the trusses that support the roof are more difficult to construct. In addition, covering the additional two slopes requires more roofing materials. The design also limits the number available attic space. Because of this, homeowners who want to use the attic for storage or to convert it into additional living space should not choose this option.
Advantages:
- preferred in hilly stations where there is heavy snowfall during winter seasons;
- have continuous fascia on all sides, making it easier to install gutters;
- well suited for warm climates;
- have cornices along all directions, which help ensure complete protection of the house from the sun, as well as other atmospheric hazards;
- One of the most important advantages is the ability to provide water drainage.
Flaws:
- complex construction procedure;
- require additional raw materials, which increases the cost;
- from time to time they need maintenance, to provide long term services.
Kinds
One-story and two-story houses may have a hip or hip roof with a bay window, but all roofs of this type can be classified as follows:
- The mansard roof is a variation with two different angles, the lower ones being much steeper than the upper one.
- the tent is a type of polygonal roof with a steep slope;
- single or double slope.
Installation stages and subtleties
Before you begin installing the roof, you need to find out how many materials are needed to do the job yourself step by step. Measure the length of the roof and the width of one side. Multiply these numbers and then double the result by square centimeters. If it is corrugated metal, it is usually supplied in sheets measuring 91.44 x 182.88 cm (548.64 square cm). Divide the roof size squared by 548.64 to get required amount sheets.
As long as the wood on the roof is in good condition, it is necessary to put down embossed paper. It is worth making sure that the rolls overlap by at least two centimeters and are fastened to the tree.
The first sheet is laid overlapping, and to wooden frame it is attached using self-tapping screws. The corrugation should raise the roof towards the ridge. Place the sheet in one bottom corner with projections of 5 centimeters on each edge. Drill a hole in the top corner of the passage, not the crest of the corrugation. Secure the screw and waterproof washer. The screws should be spaced about 15 centimeters apart in all directions. However, when working along the edge, place the screws 7 centimeters apart.
Once the first sheet is in place, you need to install the rest of the bottom row of corrugated metal roofing. The sheets must overlap by at least 10 centimeters. At the other end, make sure there is a 5cm overhang.
Place the next row of corrugated metal roofing so that the bottom is above the top of the first row. This will help the water flow down the roof. Secure the roof in place as you did for the first row and continue working, adding row after row until you reach the ridge line.
As you approach the ridge line, you need to carefully place the top course to ensure that the corrugated metal roofing does not extend beyond the ridge on each side. Instead, it should extend all the way to the ridge so that the tops of the sheets on their side are almost touching each other. To finish, you will need a special roof. Place the sheet so that it covers the tops on both sides.
Preparation
Tent structures can be designed on buildings square shape, and also rectangular. The roof can follow triangular sides and also combine trapezoidal ones. Some look like pyramids, while others may have a more symmetrical structure. We always make high-quality and well-verified drawings and calculate the amount of material.
Generally, there are three main factors that contribute to the design or style of decoration:
- Cornices: hips with deep eaves which can help in shading the window from sunlight. This circuit helps in cooling the inside of the house and provides reduction in energy bills with reduced energy consumption.
- Force: For those areas where winds and cyclones are more common, these roofs are built with high precision so that they have a long service life.
- Style: famous for their unique styles and elegant appearance.
Construction takes place on sloping sides, so they must be done with high precision and safety.
One of the most important and basic steps is to take measurements before installation. This should be done by experienced people with a calculator. Measurements are taken along the width and length of the building, then they are used to calculate the dimensions of the curb slab, as well as the length of the rafters.
Calculation
Construction requires due attention to some basic factors such as measurements, layout, area, framing and rafter alignment.
The purpose of the plan is to represent the direction as well as changes in the dimensions of the complete structure, calculate the length, width and other parameters. The size of the roof usually depends on the type of house and its dimensions. If doing the calculations yourself, then a pre-designed hip guide is a good place to start.
The angle of hip extension from each corner should be 45 degrees, but other dimensions are also acceptable in some cases. The order is as follows:
- start with a layout rectangular shape building;
- find the center line in the middle part;
- draw a 45 degree line from each corner to the center line, which can help establish location specifications for the rafters;
- draw a ridge line between the intersection points of the running rafters;
- calculate the distance between the rafters and lay them in accordance with the frame plan;
- create correct diagrams on paper for designing the hips so that these figures can help in the correct layout in the next steps.
Tent construction is considered the best choice for covering awnings. Experts say it is guaranteed best return For coastal and windy locations, it also provides an attractive view.
Tools
The best assistants for a roofer who simplify the installation of a roof are:
- hammer;
- clamps;
- chisels;
- screwdriver;
- mallet;
- pliers;
- compass;
- bore gauge and others.
Carrying out work
Once you're done with the measuring part, it's time to cut the rafters to these specifications. These parts will later be used to build the roof. Building a half-hipped roof with your own hands requires experience in order to properly attach the rafter beams.
Ridge slabs act as a frame that rests around the roof. You must begin the installation procedure by positioning the standard rafters on the desired side of the tongue plates. The process continues until the durability or strength of all spine boards has been increased and they can be adjusted according to their weight. The angle of inclination is important and should not be forgotten. The log house is carried out in the direction required by the standards.
Before moving in the direction of building the hips, it is necessary to ensure proper alignment according to the angles. For this type of calculation it is necessary to use a frame square.
Now is the time to move on to fixing the rafters. Experts suggest starting with one side at a time and trying to apply more pressure for each adjustment on board. This pressure will provide much top scores. Once the rafters are finished, you can start trimming them so they can provide a great linear layout. Corner rafters are known as running rafters and need to be connected to the adjacent ones that are already installed.
Once you've completed the installation, it's time to install the jacks. It is good to start with one part and then move towards the end, although this process is long but if done accurately it can certainly produce the desired result.
In case you do not have proper knowledge about the installation process, you need to seek help from experts. It is important to ensure accuracy because the sheathing, ventilation and drainage will then be connected between them. If the roof includes a chimney, you will have to go through several more procedures to achieve perfect design roofs. Building a house is difficult; if you lack experience, it is better to consult a specialist.
This type of roofing is the most common and simplest type. It slopes on all four sides, so no matter how you look at it, the roof slopes towards the gutters. The sides are equal in length and meet to form a ridge at the top.
The hip is the least complex style, and generally has the lowest cost when compared to other styles. "Broken" or "peak" roofing is also very popular. They are easy to distinguish because they form a triangle shape at the end of the house and in other parts. The gable style has an interesting and varied "colonial" look.
Monopoly roofing is an unusual stylish project. It is designed to form a single inclined surface and is often not attached to any other. In some countries this species is popular as a modern alternative and has a striking and distinctive appearance. The monoroof is designed for more high level than others, because of this the price is usually higher.
An alternative option for converting a hip to a gable loft. However, this creates a limited amount of additional space, which is typically used to access the loft with stairs. Building a conversion to a gable loft – best use space compared to the side attic.
The most important factor To accomplish the conversion is a gigantic change in the roofline. This will allow you to achieve a huge amount additional area, maximizing loft conversion potential. Exterior finishing can be tiled or slated to match the roofing, finished in block and painted. Built in most end walls the holes will be double glass window. It provides natural light either in the attic or on the stairs.
For more information about the rafter system of hip roofs, see the following video.
In the process of building a house or gazebo, the question inevitably arises of which roof structure to prefer. If the structure being built has a quadrangular, or best of all, square shape, designers and architects often opt for a hipped hipped roof. The complexity of this design with a toe pays off with its original appearance, excellent thermal insulation and aerodynamic qualities. This article will tell you how to construct and install a hip roof with your own hands.
Hip roof design
In construction, it is customary to consider a hip roof as a variation of a hipped roof, in which the ridge connection has been transformed into a ridge unit, that is, it has changed from a line to a point. The hip-type roof is a pyramid, the sides of which are formed by four slopes in the form of isosceles triangles. Any rectangular building is suitable for installation, but the square shape allows you to achieve perfect symmetry, which ensures the best result.
The following main elements are included:
Construction stages
Creating a Project
A do-it-yourself hip roof is built only on the basis of a well-designed project that guarantees its reliability. Before making drawings, you need to remember the school geometry course in order to make calculations of the angle of inclination of the slopes, the height of the ridge and the area of the slopes. There is a simple instruction to perform the calculations:
Do not forget that the hip roof has rectangular base, unlike the same design with a square one, the slopes will have a different slope and different lengths rafter legs. This should be taken into account in calculations and installation!
The project is created manually or using computer program, which will not only calculate the length of the rafter system elements for you, but also select their thickness. The result of the design stage is a diagram with dimensions and relative position roof elements, which will become a support for installation work.
Rafter system design
The tent rafter system is made of coniferous wood and consists of the following main and additional elements:
In the construction of a hip roof, a hanging or layered rafter system is used, depending on the layout capabilities of the structure. However, experienced roofers do not recommend using the layered type if the slope of the slopes exceeds 40 degrees.
Progress of installation work
When the project has been approved and materials have been purchased, you can install the hip roof yourself:
Some elements have a length exceeding 6 meters, the standard length of lumber. Therefore, it is necessary to make stacked rafters, composed of several parts, or glued ones.
Building a hip roof with your own hands is hard, time-consuming work, but the results obtained, which distinguishes a house or gazebo from similar neighbors, will reward you for your efforts and efforts!
Video instruction
Currently, during the construction of suburban residential buildings may be applied following types roofing structures:
- single-pitch or gable roofs;
- attic roof;
- tent structures.
The last version of the roof is considered the most difficult to manufacture independently, which, nevertheless, attracts many with its originality and attractive appearance. In this article we will tell you how to make a hip roof with your own hands, we will provide drawings, photos and video instructions.
Device
The hip roof is a special hipped structure with a square at its base, and the slopes are made in the form of isosceles triangles converging to this base.
Such a roof can have more slopes or be even round, but the main thing is to maintain symmetry. It resembles a tent in appearance, which is reflected in its name. Let us note that the absence of gables in hipped structures allows for significant savings on materials during their construction.
If desired, the roof in the form tent structure can be built on any building, although it is much more convenient if the base of the house is made in the shape of a square.
The roof structure is based on a rather complicated rafter system, which you can do yourself if you have certain skills.
Design calculation
When calculating the performance characteristics of a hip roof, it is necessary to proceed from the following conditions:
- selected dimensions (length and width) of the base;
- slope angle;
- the shape of the roof base (preferably a square).
Let us note that it is best to entrust the execution of these works to specialists, since the quality and reliability of the entire structure as a whole will depend on their results.
Roof installation
The hip roof frame contains the following elements:
- diagonal rafters;
- support beam (mauerlat);
- side and ridge girders;
- struts and braces.
When arranging a hip roof, they can be used the following types diagonal rafters:
- rafters hanging type, resting on the walls and creating a horizontal bursting force (used in the absence of internal load-bearing partitions);
- layered rafters, supported not only on the walls, but also on internal supports (load-bearing partitions).
In wooden frame buildings, the entire rafter system rests on top harness the base of the building (in log houses - directly to the upper crowns of the structure).
In brick houses, a mauerlat or a special support beam is used as a support, laid on walls prepared in advance for this purpose. Their preparation usually comes down to leveling the surface of the top row of masonry and filling it with screed. Sometimes (in order to better attach the Mauerlat) embedded elements are mounted into this surface.
Support beams and beams are mounted on top of it along the entire perimeter of the building, and a layer of waterproofing material must be laid between the brickwork and the mauerlat.
When preparing a hip roof, you will have to use several types roof trusses. First of all, these are slopes of a regular shape that are connected at the ridge. Additionally, side triangular and diagonal rafters can be used. When installing them, the main attention is paid to the absence of discrepancies in the length and angle of inclination of these elements, which must be clearly adjusted for all four sides. In this case, the length of the overhang is usually selected based on the design features and can reach one meter.
After installing the slanted rafters, you can proceed to securing the central (intermediate) rafters. At the same time, we should not forget that they must be the same size and placed strictly parallel. One end of them is attached to the Mauerlat, and the other to the ridge of the roof.
After this, you can begin attaching the corner rafters to the diagonal rafters. For this purpose, a special crock beam is installed on both sides of the sloped rafters.
In order to increase the strength of the tent structure during installation, it can be used cross beam, strengthening the central rafter system.
In conclusion, all you have to do is fill the sheathing and lay the roofing material.
Before laying the roof covering, it is necessary to prepare a layer of insulation, as well as vapor and waterproofing of the roof, and it is recommended to begin such preparation with laying the waterproofing. It is usually spread from bottom to top with sheets overlapping by 10 cm.
A counter-lattish is placed on top, securing the waterproofing system and creating a gap for ventilation of the under-roof space. Insulation is laid on the inside (bottom) side of the rafters, covered with a layer of vapor barrier on top.
Photo
The photo shows various options construction of a hip roof:
Blueprints
The provided drawings indicate various designs hip roof. They can be taken as the basis for a future new roof:
A hipped roof is a roof that has a hipped roof covering. It consists of identical triangular slopes, necessarily isosceles, connecting in the center. Maintaining symmetry is the main thing in constructing such a roof.
In its outline, this type of roof is similar to a tent, hence the name. Since the hip roof has a similar geometry to a tetrahedral pyramid, such a roof is often called pyramidal(pyramid roof).
Most often, a hip roof is erected over square-shaped buildings. Sometimes, when constructing a hip roof, a larger number of slopes are used, the main thing is that in appearance it resembles a pyramid or a polygon with equal sides.
This is one of the varieties hipped roofs. In terms of design and construction features, it is very similar to a hip roof: it also has no gables, and the eaves overhang runs at the same level along the entire perimeter of the building.
According to historians, the appearance of a roof in the form of a tent goes back centuries, even huts primitive people resembled the shape of tents. Excavations carried out in Mesopotamia, where one of the most ancient developed states once existed, show that even the ancient Sumerians erected buildings with roofs in the form of tents, such roofs were especially often used on religious buildings: temples, temples, chapels. Hip roofs can also be found on ancient towers and castles, where the structures strongly resemble a steep slope.
Currently, such roofs are often used in the construction of cottages, gazebos and other low-rise buildings.
Design
The design features of this type of roof include the arrangement of the rafter system; it is designed in two ways:
Hanging rafter system is as follows: the rafter beams rest directly on the walls, creating horizontal pressure, this system requires a system special ties. It is used if the roof spans are large and the installation of supports is not provided for in the project.
Layered method more popular, but for its implementation it is necessary to have a load-bearing wall indoors. It bears the main load, but there is practically no pressure on the walls when constructing a roof in this way.
Roof tent-shaped has a number of advantages that are worth talking about:
- for buildings with a hip roof, pediments are not provided, which greatly reduces the consumption of materials and work for the construction of pediments and hemming of eaves;
- a roof of this type has excellent aerodynamic properties, it is not afraid of strong winds, and the design features will prevent precipitation from entering the attic;
- the surface of such a roof warms up sun rays from several sides at once, on sunny days the room under an uninsulated roof will be warmer;
- The slopes of such a roof are located at a certain angle, which helps drain rainwater and melting snow from the roof.
But, like every design, this roof also has a number of disadvantages:
- a hip roof is quite complex to design and construct, but upon completion of construction, its rich appearance and ease of use often hide this drawback;
- the design of this roof is replete with a large number of connections, beams and rafters, it is necessary to strictly monitor the reliability of all components and connections in order to avoid loss of rigidity and plane shape during the construction of the roof;
- cost of construction - to install such a roof, as a rule, it is necessary to hire professionals in their field, which always increases the cost of the construction process;
- an attic or attic, built under a tent-shaped roof, is significantly smaller in size than a room under a gable roof;
- large waste when using most roofing coverings(especially ).
Popularity
The use of hip roofs has become quite widespread in our time; they are used not only in private construction, but also in the construction of all kinds of modern buildings. They are also used to decorate buildings intended for entertainment centers or expensive restaurants. Such a roof gives any building extravagance and exoticism.
More complex buildings are designed based on a hip roof. Currently, gable elements, dormer windows and elements of other types of roofs are added to a tent-based structure in unlimited quantities. Embedding parts hip roofs, complicating the design give it a more beautiful and elegant look.
