Drain pit for a bathhouse: varieties and technology of construction with your own hands. How to organize drainage of water from a bathhouse How to drain a steam room

Any bathhouse is a place where you can relax from daytime worries, relax and take a steam bath, so a large amount of water always accumulates in such a room. To keep the bathhouse in working order for a long time, the problem with the drainage of this water must be solved. In this article we will describe how to make a drain in a bathhouse with your own hands, and also present the main types of such structures.

You need to make a decision on the type of drain at the bathhouse design stage. Some people prefer not to complicate their lives and rely on the outflow of water into a pit under the floor of the bathhouse.

However, the consequences of such a decision may be as follows:

• mold begins to grow under the floor;
• an unpleasant musty smell appears;
• the structure of the bathhouse may shrink due to the destruction of the top layer of soil.

However, we note that the location sewage pit directly under the floor of the bathhouse is sometimes impossible due to the composition of the soil, for example, with inclusions of clay. Such soil does not absorb water well, therefore, all the described troubles will appear much earlier. To prevent unpleasant consequences, it is best to organize a complete outflow of water from the bathhouse.

A do-it-yourself bathhouse drainage device can be organized in two ways:

• construction of a special septic tank on the site;
• connection to the central sewer system.

Types of floors in baths

If you decide to drain the bathhouse yourself, then the first thing you need to consider is the type of flooring, since they bear the main load from increased temperature and humidity, regardless of how well the drain is made. Therefore, the process of arranging floors must be treated with increased attention and scrupulousness.

There are two types of floors - concrete and wooden, each of which is applicable to one or another type of bathhouse. If your bathhouse is a massive capital structure with a relaxation room, dressing rooms, shower or swimming pool and steam room, then it is best to choose concrete floors equipped with a waterproofing layer. In addition, this option is relevant if the bathhouse is planned to be used all year round.

But in the case of wooden log houses, which are mainly used only in summer time, wood floors are quite acceptable, as a more profitable and inexpensive construction option with a small amount of work.

However, we should not forget that wood, despite all efforts to protect it, treatment with antiseptics and other materials, will eventually become unusable and the flooring will have to be replaced.

Concrete floors

The construction of a concrete floor requires the following layers:

• compacted layer of crushed stone;
• sand-cement mortar;
• a layer of vapor barrier material;
• insulating layer made of expanded polystyrene;
• cellophane film for waterproofing;
• another layer of sand cement;
• mesh of reinforcement covered with concrete screed.

You can cover the screed with tiled floor tiles, or use wooden ladders.

Wood floors

Wood floors can be made in two versions - leaky and non-leaky. In the first case, under the boardwalk there is a concrete screed, which is poured with a slope to the side drain hole for water. This type The floor takes a very long time to dry, so it often deteriorates very quickly.

More preferable in operation is a leaking type floor. The design of such a floor assumes that under the boardwalk there is a pit from which a pipe extends for the outflow of water into a drainage hole, equipped with a water seal to prevent foreign odors from entering the premises.

In this case, the boardwalk itself is laid out along the joists, without nailing it and leaving gaps of 0.5 cm. Through the cracks, water will flow freely under the floor, and if necessary, all the boards can be removed and dried in the fresh air.

Organization of water outflow from the bathhouse

First of all, to understand how to properly drain a bathhouse, you need to take into account a number of factors:

• the composition of the soil at the site where the bathhouse was built;
• groundwater level at the site;
• the size of the room and the expected number of users of the bathhouse, the frequency of its operation, on which the volume of the septic tank depends and throughput drain hole.

Based on these parameters, when designing a bathhouse, a decision should be made on the design of the drain, as well as its size, materials for its manufacture and method of fixation in the ground.

Well with a filter at the bottom

The design of a drainage pit with a filter bottom is used primarily for purifying wastewater from dirt and chemical elements, as well as to retain bacteria. Subsequent filtration of water is carried out directly by the soil layer. But at the bottom of the well, crushed stone, crushed brick or sand are used as a filter.

To ensure the outflow of water from a bathhouse designed for 3-4 people, a well with a diameter of 1.5 m and a depth of 2 m is sufficient. It can be either rectangular or round in shape - the latter option is preferable due to the uniform distribution of pressure on all walls. The cylindrical design will need correction much less often.

Since it is necessary to drain the bathhouse at the dacha without damaging the building itself, it is advisable to retreat from it at a distance of about 3-5 meters. Such a gap will ensure, first of all, the safety of the bathhouse foundation from being washed away, and will also prevent the penetration of unpleasant odors from the well into the bathhouse. But if you locate the drainage hole further, you will inevitably have to purchase additional pipes for water drainage. In addition, it is difficult to ensure the correct angle of inclination over a long distance.

If the soil on your site is dense enough, then simply dig a hole for drainage and lay filter materials at the bottom - sand, crushed stone and broken brick. Additional strengthening of the walls is not required.

However, most often the boundaries of the well still need to be strengthened. Quite good materials for this are well rings, brickwork, plastic barrels or metal tanks. Alternatively, the drain is made from car tires. So that the upper edge of the well can be covered with a lid and sprinkled, it is deepened 30-40 cm from the surface of the soil.

According to the drainage diagram in the bathhouse, a trench can be dug from it to the pit, through which water will randomly flow by gravity into the well. However, it is best to equip the drain with pipes made of asbestos, metal, plastic or ceramic, with a diameter of 50-100 mm. In this case, a trench is also necessary, but its depth will depend on the depth of soil freezing, but not less than 50 cm. The pipes are laid at a slope of 20 mm at every meter of distance.

At the design stage, it is thought out in detail future design plum and features of floor organization. An economical option for draining a bathhouse in a country house is to make the floor sloping towards the drain hole. With this design, wastewater enters the pipes and is discharged directly into the drainage pit.

Note that, according to the step-by-step instructions, arranging a drain in a bathhouse with your own hands is only possible in cases where the groundwater runs deep enough. Otherwise, the drainage pit will be filled not so much with wastewater as with groundwater, that is, it will lose its functionality.

Let us note that any design of a drainage pit has a number of inconveniences - it needs to be periodically pumped out, and such a septic tank must be located in a place convenient for access by special vehicles. And in the case of a filter well, the filler at the bottom must be changed periodically.

An alternative to a drainage pit is to use a sealed septic tank, such as one made of plastic. Such a device will be especially relevant in cases where the bathhouse is equipped with a toilet, that is, the nature of the wastewater will require more thorough cleaning.

Another type of drainage from a bathhouse involves the presence of a filtration well and the subsequent discharge of wastewater into a drainage pit.

The outflow of water from the bathhouse into the sewer system

If there is a running central sewer system at the location of the bathhouse, then the optimal solution would be to drain the water directly into it. However, all plumbing work and organization of drainage in the bathhouse must be done before laying the final floor covering.

At the lowest point of the floor, which is located on a slope, a PVC gutter is installed that is resistant to high temperatures. The slope of the gutter should be towards the outlet pipes.

Before cutting into the central sewer system, you must obtain special permission from the company servicing it.

You will need to obtain a number of documents:

• a concluded agreement with a design bureau authorized to carry out installation and excavation work, which is confirmed by certificates;
• consent signed by neighbors to carry out any work on the site.

In order to always be able to access the connection point and make repairs, it is necessary to provide an inspection well. It is the main condition for obtaining permission to tap into the sewer system.

The air in the steam room will always remain fresh and fragrant if you follow a number of useful tips when installing the drain:

• If water is to be drained into the sewer system from several points in the bathhouse, then each drain hole must be equipped with a water seal, in particular, a siphon of any design. This device prevents unpleasant odors from entering the room by means of a water plug inside it.
• Ventilation of the sewer system, carried out from a 5-centimeter pipe leading to the roof of the bathhouse, serves the same purpose.

Thus, following the instructions, you can drain the bath yourself to ensure long-term and hygienic operation of the bath.

Do-it-yourself bath drain: step by step guide, how to properly make an economical option at the dacha, device and diagram, photo and video

Draining a bathhouse with your own hands: a step-by-step guide on how to properly make an economical option at your dacha, device and diagram, photos and videos

How to make a drain under the floor in a bathhouse with your own hands

A bathhouse on personal property is the dream of many owners summer cottages. However, in order to begin its construction, it is necessary to provide for all the nuances of the installation of this structure. Special meaning it is necessary to pay attention to the drainage system, because the drainage in the bathhouse must be organized in accordance with all the rules of hydraulics and in compliance with safety standards for ecology and construction.

Design stage

It must be taken into account that many different methods have been invented to remove water. Let's present several options for draining a bathhouse, organized with your own hands with step-by-step instructions. The choice of a specific execution option depends on the individual conditions of the site and the possibilities of implementing the chosen idea. The main thing is to maintain a reasonable balance between the expenditure of resources and the result obtained.

It is advisable to adhere to the following rules when carrying out work and at the design stage:

• Work with drainage in buildings made of timber or logs should be carried out only after the building has completely settled. Otherwise, the result will be the formation of incorrect slopes due to different subsidence.
• Bath drain on screw piles needs to additional insulation outlet pipe. This will avoid unwanted freezing and the formation of ice jams. WITH outside the pipe is wrapped mineral wool or polyurethane foam is used.
• It will be possible to provide good thermal insulation for pipes located under the floor in a bathhouse with a drain by filling the base with expanded clay. The clay granules are covered with a concrete screed on top. This decision Suitable for pile structures.
• Before draining the bath water, it is worth increasing the water-repellent properties of the materials. To do this, use roofing material or treat surfaces with a special mastic, which does not emit harmful or toxic substances when the temperature rises.

System internal sewerage

Since there is a lot of water in the bathhouse, there are 2 main ways to remove it:

• through leaking floors, when a storage tank is installed, from where water is discharged into the sewer;
• along sloping floors, when all the water flows into one corner, from where it also goes through the pipework into a drainage pit or sewer.

The sewerage system must be installed before the floors are laid.

How to do it right

1. Trenches are dug under sewer pipes with a difference of up to 20 mm each linear meter.
2. Sand 120-150 mm thick is poured into the bottom of the trench and compacted tightly, periodically spraying with water. Remember to control the slope of the trench.

1. We install pipes (PVC products, known for their strength and ease of installation, are best suited for these purposes).
2. If according to the project there will be a toilet in the bathhouse, assemble a sewer riser and attach it to the wall. It is advisable to equip sanitary zone ventilation - forced or natural.

1. The next step is installing the floors.
2. Sewer gutters equipped with fine-section gratings are already installed on the finished floor surface. With their help, water will flow freely into the sewer, and debris and small objects will accumulate on the grate, thereby eliminating clogging of the pipes.

Installation of gutters with gratings

To avoid the appearance of unpleasant odors from the sewer in the bathhouse, it is advisable to use ready-made drains instead of gutters; they are already supplied complete with water seals.

1. Upon completion of the assembly, all equipment is connected, after which you can begin organizing the street sewer system (septic tank or well).

Natural filter for waste water

Some builders consider this option for drainage in a bathhouse to be labor-intensive in terms of costs. It is in demand when waste water contains significant amount solid particles.

The basis of the system is a hollow container with waterproof walls. A pipeline is laid to it. The liquid flows through the pipes and is absorbed into the surrounding soil.

Installation of this wiring will ensure proper drainage of the bathhouse if the average groundwater level in the surrounding area is below 250 cm.

The size of the cavity for receiving waste water must correspond to the three-day volume of waste water. The pipe is mounted at a height of 5 cm above the drain level, and the outlet pipe is installed at the drain level.

Over time, waste and sediment will begin to accumulate. They are usually removed using sewage disposal machines.

Drain pit equipment

The bath water drainage system in some cases implies the presence of a prepared and equipped pit. This option will be in demand in areas where groundwater is low enough and cannot fill the drainage pit.

The parameters of the device depend on the intensity of use of the bath. The approximate one-time water consumption for a family of three is 60-70 liters. Accordingly, the drain tank must be larger than this parameter.

You should not remove such a drain from the steam room of a bathhouse at a distance of more than 2 m from the building itself.

Being too close to the foundation can lead to an undesirable increase in its humidity. Excessive removal will create problems with the installation and functioning of the pipeline, because it needs to be provided with a good slope, insulation, etc.

Filter material in the form of coarse crushed stone or brick fragments is poured into the bottom. A layer of expanded clay is also suitable. A layer of sand is poured on top of such material. The walls are lined with bricks with a gap to drain liquid. Can be buried plastic barrel with a pre-punched bottom.

Formation of a drain in a bathhouse

The floor in a bathhouse with a drain is made with your own hands while the foundation is being formed. This is due to the installation of sewer pipes through which liquid is planned to be drained. The pipe is mounted directly into the base. Fixation is carried out using damper tape. When laying pipes to the central sewer is meant, the work is carried out in prepared trenches below the freezing level of the soil.

Before draining the bathhouse, it is necessary to form a rough base. The pipe will pass through it. The base is created using boards fixed along the entire future perimeter of the room. The surface is covered with a film to prevent liquid from escaping from the concrete solution.

A damper tape is placed around the perimeter. It is used to wrap part of the pipes that will go into the concrete. The reinforcement is being laid out. At the next stage, preliminary concrete pouring plum in the bath. Its height will be 5-7 cm. It must have the correct slope in the given direction.

Direct flow is a primitive but very effective way to organize drainage

After the first layer has hardened, it is necessary to fill the second level, which maintains the slope towards the drainage of water under the bathhouse. Experts recommend forming a specific cone directed towards the central hole. On final stage a stainless steel or ceramic drain grate is installed.

Ensuring waterproofing

When solving the problem of how to make a drain in the floor of a bathhouse, it is necessary to carry out reliable waterproofing. It is especially important when there are branching pipes under the floor. Walls and concrete bases must be treated with antibacterial agents. Then sheets of roofing material are placed on the floor with their partial installation on the walls. Before this, you need to remember about the drain in the bathhouse floor and cut a hole in the sheets for it.

A bitumen layer is applied to the roofing felt, which will increase the protective properties of the material.

Now a finishing surface of the floor is formed, which will rise slightly above the drain point. This drainage of water in the bathhouse is also used with wooden floors, because they have a reliable, rigid base made of concrete.

It is not rational to make an individual drainage device for the floor in the bathhouse for each room, therefore, for the remaining rooms, drainage systems are provided from grooves that drain liquid to the central drain under the bathhouse.

How to make a drain in a bathhouse with your own hands so that there is no smell: a step-by-step guide

During construction, special attention should be paid to the drainage system, because the drainage in the bathhouse must be organized according to all the rules of hydraulics.

How to drain water in a bathhouse with your own hands, options, tips

The bathhouse has always been considered a native Russian form of bathing and keeping one’s body clean, as well as an excellent place to relax. It’s even difficult to imagine a private home without it. The question of how to drain water in a bathhouse arises at the beginning of construction, or rather, during the design of the building.

It is quite obvious that the bathhouse is the place where there is a large amount of water, which after use must be disposed of somewhere. Fans of the simplest solutions should know what consequences await them in the event of simply draining water into the space under the floor (pit):

• formation of dampness and mold;
• the presence of a constant putrid odor;
• the possibility of subsidence of the bathhouse due to the destruction of the top layer of soil by water.

In addition, a primitive drainage device in a bathhouse may not be possible due to the specific composition of the soil. High clay content in the soil can make it difficult to absorb moisture. Water that is constantly under the floor of the steam room will only accelerate the formation of the above problems. Therefore, it is necessary to approach the organization of water drainage from this premises with special responsibility, then the building will serve you well long years.

There are the following options for organizing the drainage of water in a bathhouse with your own hands:

• construction of a drain tank;
• drainage of water into the central sewer system.

Installation of floors in the bathhouse

If you know how to properly drain water from a bathhouse, then you are even more aware that the arrangement of floors in a bathhouse must be approached with special responsibility. And no matter how high-quality the drainage of water is, the bathhouse is always extremely high humidity, most of which is absorbed by the floors.

The floors in the bathhouse can be wooden or concrete. The choice depends on the building. In the case of a permanent building where year-round operation of a shower room, steam room, dressing room, or rest room is planned, it is more advisable to install concrete floors with reliable waterproofing.

In a bathhouse built of wood, and which you are going to use only in the summer, it is quite enough to make wooden floors. This option is more economical and does not require a large amount of work.

Remember: Even impregnated with special protective compounds wooden floor exposed high humidity and high temperatures. Therefore, be prepared for the fact that through certain time it will have to be rebuilt.

Concrete floor

The “pie” of a concrete floor consists of the following layers:

Tiled floor in bathhouse with drain

1. compacted gravel;
2. concrete;
3. vapor barrier layer;
4. expanded polystyrene (as insulation);
5. waterproofing (polyethylene film);
6. concrete;
7. reinforced cement screed.

The top of this structure can be covered with ceramic tiles.

Wooden floor

Wooden floors in the bathhouse can be leaking or not leaking. Non-leakage floors are installed on concrete screed, having a slope towards the drainage of water. Such floors take a long time to dry, so they quickly rot.

The plate in the pit acts as a water seal

A leaky floor is much easier to operate and install. To drain the water in a bathhouse under a tree, in in this case flooring made of boards is not nailed to the joists. It is simply laid, leaving a gap of 5 mm between the flooring boards. Water leaves the floor surface through these gaps, which also act as a kind of fan. These floorings can be removed and dried at any time.

In case of a leaking floor, organization is necessary sealed pit under the bathhouse, from which water will then be drained through a pipe, for example, into a drainage hole. Also, you will need to make a water seal in the pit to prevent unpleasant odors from entering the room.

Bath water drainage device

To ensure high-quality water drainage in the bathhouse, special attention is paid to the following indicators:

• The capacity of the drainage system is determined by the number of people visiting the steam room and the frequency of visits. The volume of the drainage pit or well depends on this.
• Groundwater level at the bathhouse construction site.
• Soil composition.

Guided by these indicators, it is necessary to determine how to properly drain the water from the bathhouse, what design to use, and what features it will have: volume, depth, materials, fastenings.

Drain tank with filter bottom

The purpose of any tank (well or pit) with a filter bottom is to clean wastewater from pollution and retain microorganisms. The water then undergoes purification in the soil layer. Filter materials can be: brick fragments, sand or crushed stone.

If the bathhouse is regularly used by 3-4 people, then the most optimal dimensions of the pit will be: 1-1.5 m in diameter, depth - 2 m. Its shape can be round or square. Preferred option - cylindrical shape reservoir. In this case, the pressure on its walls is uniform, which means that repairs will be required much less frequently.

Cesspool for a bath - digging a pit

You dig a drainage hole for a bathhouse with your own hands at a distance of 3-5 meters from the bathhouse. It cannot be located closer due to the risk of destruction of the foundation and the unpleasant smell of wastewater. If located further from the bathhouse, additional costs for pipes are inevitable, the required slope of which is quite difficult to achieve at a large distance.

If the soil is strong and does not crumble, then it is not necessary to strengthen the walls and bottom of the drain tank. In this case, after digging a pit, layers of gravel, expanded clay, broken bricks and sand.

In most cases, the walls of the drain well are strengthened. To do this, use concrete rings (not a cheap option), old tires or bricks, which are used to line the walls. Metal or plastic barrels without a bottom are also widely used. The upper edge of the drain tank should be 30-40 cm below ground level. The top of the well is covered with a concrete or metal lid, which is covered with earth.

An example of organizing water drainage from a bathhouse using car tires

To install a drain in the bathhouse, you can dig a channel through which the water will flow by gravity into the bathhouse. drain well. But the best option for draining water from a bathhouse with your own hands would be to use plastic, asbestos, ceramic or, in extreme cases, metal pipes with a diameter of 50 or 100 mm. For the drain pipe, a trench 50 or more centimeters deep is also dug (depending on the freezing of the soil). The pipe is laid at a slope of 20 mm for each meter of pipeline.

The organization of water flow inside the bathhouse is thought out during the design period. The simplest, most accessible and least labor-intensive option may be sloped floor. In this case, the water flows towards the slope, then is discharged through a pipe into the drainage hole.

This is important: Construction of a drain well is only possible if the groundwater flows deep. Otherwise, the reservoir is filled more with groundwater than with drainage from the steam room.

Arranging water drainage in a bathhouse with your own hands using a drain hole has its drawbacks. From time to time, the pit should be cleaned using a sewer truck. This entails additional costs. The most important thing is that it is not always possible to place a tank for draining wastewater in a place accessible for vehicle access. Plus, the filter material at the bottom of the well also requires periodic cleaning.

Another option for draining water from the bathhouse would be septic tank. It will be especially relevant if there is a toilet in the bathhouse, since “black” wastewater requires much better treatment.

Another scheme for draining wastewater from the steam room is shown in the photo. After filtration in a tank, wastewater is discharged into drainage ditch.

Draining water from the bath into a drainage ditch after preliminary filtration in a barrel

Draining water from the bathhouse into the central sewer system

For areas with well-developed infrastructure, the best way bath drainage devices the water will be drained into the central sewer system. Keep in mind that work on installing drainage into a centralized system is carried out before laying the floor covering.

Where the floor slopes, a gutter made of modified PVC that can withstand maximum temperatures is installed. The slope of the gutter should be directed towards the sewer pipe.

Organizing a drain in a bathhouse with your own hands into the central sewer system is possible only after obtaining permission from management company and preparation of the following documents:

• To carry out land and installation work, it is necessary to conclude an agreement with design organization, whose activities are confirmed by certificates;
• written consent of your neighbors to carry out this work.

On the technical side, in order to obtain written permission, it is necessary to install an inspection well at the point of connection to the central heating system.

• If the room has several points for draining water into the central sewer system (steam room, shower, swimming pool), then each of them should be equipped with a water seal. It could be a drain siphon various forms. The water plug, which is constantly present in this device, prevents the penetration of unpleasant odors from the sewer system into the room.
• For the same purposes it is established sewer ventilation system. It is a plastic pipe with a diameter of 50 mm, connected to the roof of the bathhouse.

Now you know how to properly drain water from a bathhouse - one of the important stages in building a steam room.

Draining water in a bathhouse with your own hands: how to do it correctly, device

How to properly drain water in a bathhouse with your own hands. How does poor quality water drainage affect a structure? Installation of floors in the bathhouse. Which one to choose: wooden or concrete?

How to drain water in a bathhouse with your own hands: simple solutions for a complex problem

All owners of their own bathhouses personal plot can confirm that the main task in their construction is the correct organization of the outflow of waste water, that is, in fact, sewage. Not only the comfort when washing, the absence of unpleasant odors, but also the safety of the entire building from the effects of excessive humidity depends on how high-quality and effective the drainage system you choose turns out to be. In fact, its overall durability depends on how well the drain for a bathhouse is planned and built with your own hands, and this is not unimportant. Moreover, the use of a drain in a bathhouse should be as simple and convenient as possible, so you should pay very close attention to this issue so that you don’t have to redo everything from the very beginning.

A simple drainage device in a bathhouse: general information or where to start

Whatever one may say, a bathhouse is just such a place where water is a completely integral part of the building. Whether you like it or not, all parts of the structure come into contact with moisture in one way or another throughout its entire service life. Moreover, what is especially important is that both the walls and roof outside, as well as all internal coatings and materials, will come into contact with moisture. In order for wood, clay, metal, etc. not to quickly become unusable, you first need to figure out how to properly drain the water from the bathhouse so that it dries completely when it is not in use, that is, in the intervals between washing .

Whatever one may say, namely from the two most important indicators The entire washing procedure, as well as its safety, depends. The bathhouse must have excellent ventilation and sewage system designed and implemented. Moreover, the first is no more important than the second, since washing in a bathhouse, where fungus grows, wood rots, and billions of microorganisms remaining after the last wash live, is not only unpleasant, but even life-threatening.

If this moment is not thought through in advance, even during construction, then you can soon expect many problems, for example, emergency repairs to the foundation, cleaning walls and floors from fungus, rotting and replacing boards, and so on, you can list for a long time, but it is much better to avoid it altogether similar. Usually, water drainage is done just from under the washing room and steam room, and moisture can flow either into a special designated place outside the walls of the room, or into a hole immediately below it. Precisely in order to figure out how to make draining water in a bathhouse as efficient as possible, you need to find out a few simple moments, on which the choice of design will depend.

• Find out what type of soil is located under your bathhouse on the site; this is important in order to understand whether the moisture itself will go into the soil, absorbing into it, as if into a natural filter.
• You also need to understand where exactly it will be located drainage channel, and a sewerage pipe will also be laid. That is, you need to mentally outline the area, estimate its area, and imagine a pipe or a simple drainage system.
• It is important to find out how close the branch of the centralized sewer system is, and whether you have a real opportunity to connect to it.
• It also doesn’t hurt to evaluate your own strengths. It’s worth thinking ten times and weighing everything before you take on such a thing. difficult work, and there is no experience and self-confidence, it is better to use the services of professionals.

How to drain water in a bathhouse: design features and important nuances

As has already become clear, its durability, as well as its functionality, will depend on how correctly, competently and efficiently the drainage system in your bathhouse is made. Many rely on the natural outflow of water, making special gaps in the floorboards and allowing the water to flow freely, gradually being absorbed into the soil. Our ancestors built in a similar way, but there are also some nuances here.

• You should never expect that the soil surface will absorb all runoff without exception. No matter how much you fight, the moisture will still slowly “sharpen” the foundation, walls and even the very surface of the soil, which over time can simply sink under the building.
• The smell inside the bathhouse, even with proper ventilation, when choosing a free flow of water, can leave much to be desired, but no one wants to steam among the miasma of decaying skin particles left over from the last time.

The only time when this option is suitable is when the bathhouse will be used only a couple of times during the summer, and even then, for a family of no more than two, or at most three, people. In all other cases, you will have to seriously think about how to properly drain the bathhouse so that everything is in the best possible way. You will need to take into account many points, and there are several options for sewer and drainage systems, so you should be prepared for something new if you decide to do everything yourself. But in this case, you can be completely confident in the results of your work, because everything is done with your own hands, therefore, reliably and for centuries.

Simple or complex draining in a bathhouse with your own hands: a step-by-step guide for different options

Of course, a flooded floor in a bathhouse, that is, the complete absence of any sewerage system under the bathhouse, except for ordinary crushed stone, is the simplest solution and it couldn’t be easier to do, but there are simply a lot of disadvantages, and such a structure will only have to be used in the summer, warm season. Let's figure out how to make a drain in a bathhouse with your own hands, and the reasonableness and thoughtfulness of your decisions, as well as the location of the bathhouse itself, will play a significant role in this. Moreover, it is worth assessing everything step by step, so as not to come back later and redo it after yourself.

1. The floor in the bathhouse and its structure: where will all the water drain?

• If there are several such pipes or gutters in your structure, they should all converge directly to a drainage well or septic tank, where the water will be absorbed into the ground.
• Gutters for similar designs, contrary to idle talk, it is best to take it from asbestos cement, laminated or galvanized iron, in order to avoid rapid corrosion and premature deterioration.
• If the drain chute is laid between the steam room and the washing room, then it will be possible to get by with just one channel, which will significantly save time and resources.
• The best pipes for sewer installation: do-it-yourself drainage into a bathhouse
• Internal bath sewerage involves the use of plastic, fairly strong, but non-pressure pipes, with a wall thickness of no more than three and a half millimeters.
• It is worth making sure that all shaped elements are within five to ten centimeters, this will be optimal.
• Don’t forget about the seals, and it’s better to buy the highest quality, so you don’t have to regret it later.
• It is worth understanding that the system should ideally have a single branch, at most two or three, but never more.

It is worth understanding that external sewer outlets must be made of PVC pipes with a diameter of approximately five centimeters. Moreover, they should be laid no higher than the freezing point of the soil, otherwise your drainage system will last until the onset of frost.

2. Water seal and its absence: choose what is more suitable

In order to prevent the miasma of the sewer system from reaching those who steam in the bathhouse, it is worth thinking about installing a water seal, that is, a special elbow that will prevent polluted air from entering the washing room. Moreover, there are two options in which the shutter itself can be made, or the problem can be solved using another method. So, to organize the shutter, you need to make a special ladder, to which a pipe is attached, which does not reach the bottom by ten, fifteen centimeters, which will be a kind of lock. The water standing inside will not allow the smell to penetrate inside, which, in fact, is what we wanted.

The second option is no less effective, but much simpler to implement. Moreover, it is worth thinking about its implementation during construction in order to make your life as easy as possible.

• The base of the building should be raised by two or three bricks, it is important not to overdo it, as this can be easily done, and then lay a drainage pipe all the way to the septic tank or drainage well.
• Indoors, it is to this pipe that the elbow should be attached so that its upper part is a couple of centimeters below the level of the floor itself.
• Next, most often the floor is covered with a cement-expanded clay mixture, after which a regular screed is made, with a certain slope, which must not be forgotten.

Before pouring the screed, a regular rubber ball is placed exactly above the drain hole, that is, in fact, just above the knee, which will act as a valve. Make sure that it fits comfortably into the poured and dried screed afterwards, and can freely leave its “nest” and return in the same way. It will simply let water through, but lying in its place will prevent unpleasant odors from entering the washroom or steam room.

How to make a bathhouse drain with your own hands: options for sewerage solutions

As you can see, draining a bathhouse with your own hands, a photo report, as evidenced quite eloquently, will not be so difficult to do, and if you took on the construction yourself, then you will definitely cope with this task with a bang. Options sewer schemes, indeed, there can be quite a lot, and your task is to choose exactly the one that will be the simplest and also most effective in this particular case. The thing is that an ordinary cesspool, located just under a steam room or washing room, is, at least, not very suitable sanitary standards and requests modern people, therefore it is worth taking care of the sewage system.

Simple solutions: connect to a centralized sewer system

The path of least resistance, as always, is also the most acceptable, this is already clear to every person in a crazy situation. modern world. Therefore, if it is possible to connect the drain of your own bathhouse to a centralized sewerage system, be sure to do so.

Of course, you will have to pay for the services of public utilities, but you won’t have to think about where to dig a few more cesspools after they gradually become unusable. It is worth considering this option if it is real, since it is rare to find centralized wastewater disposal outside the city.

Well-well, don’t let me drink water: do-it-yourself sauna drain

To begin with, it is worth understanding that the organization of a drain well is own plot will require some professional skills, as well as the acquisition of additional resources, for example, bricks or special concrete circles.

Pay attention to what experts say about drainage wells. This structure must be absolutely reliable, and the total volume must not be less than three cubic meters, otherwise its effectiveness will be in question.

• A special pit is dug in the ground, approximately three to four standard reinforced concrete circles.
• The walls can also be lined with bricks if, for example, there is nothing to deliver the circles with.
• All gaps between the walls and the ground need to be properly filled with screenings and stones, you can throw yourself there construction garbage. The main requirement is that everything be well sealed.
• The bottom of the pit is concreted, and for reliability it is also coated with liquid glass.
• The pit is closed from above with a special reinforced concrete pipe, in which a hatch and a hole for ventilation are specially provided.

It is worth understanding that the ventilation pipe must protrude no less than sixty centimeters above the ground surface, otherwise it simply will not work. Moreover, everything around, except for the hatch, through which the pit will be cleaned, is covered with soil. You should definitely make sure that a sewage disposal truck can easily drive up to your pit, otherwise you will have to suffer later. It’s also worth knowing that you can really save on sewage disposal costs if you use it in winter. specialty chemicals for cesspools, and in summer use bacteria. All this can be purchased in the store, just ask.

Among other things, a well of this type can be made filtering, that is, it does not require cleaning. To do this, it is dug a little deeper, and its bottom is first covered with clay mortar, and then covered with either crushed stone or expanded clay on top. Dirty water from such a well it will gradually go into the ground, but this takes time, so this option, again, is only suitable for a small family, for example, of three people.

How to make a drain in a bathhouse with your own hands

The bathhouse has always been considered a purely Russian pastime. She served for bathing, helped keep her body clean and played the role of an outlet for the people. These days it’s hard to imagine a home without it. Many owners who do not have a bathhouse are thinking about building one. One of the questions that arises in connection with construction is: how to make a drain in a bathhouse with your own hands? After all, a bathhouse is a place where you simply cannot do without water. And if there is a sufficient amount of liquid, then it is logical that it needs to be put somewhere. Some might say that the easiest way is for the water to drain into a pit, a free space under the floor. But, we want to upset you - this is fraught with the fact that mold will form in the floor, there will be a constant smell of rot in the room, and most importantly, the bathhouse may sag, as the water will destroy the top layer of soil. And not in all cases it will be possible to arrange it, due to the fact that the soil may have a high content of clay, which does not absorb moisture.

That is why it is important to know how to properly organize a bathhouse drain with your own hands and approach this work with special responsibility. In this situation, your drain will last for many years. This article will look at several options on how you can make a drain in a bathhouse with your own hands. This instruction will help you cope with the task.

How are the floors in the bathhouse arranged?

If we talk about a properly made drain for a bathhouse, then we cannot help but touch upon the topic of arranging the floor. This issue must be approached with no less responsibility. It is worth noting that no matter how well you make a drain for a bathhouse, this is a room with extremely high humidity. And it is the floor that takes the lion's share of this moisture.

You should know that the floor in a bathhouse can be made of either wood or concrete. This choice directly depends on what kind of building it is. If this is a permanent building where a shower room, steam room, dressing room and rest room will be used all year round, then it is better to make a reliable concrete floor with enhanced waterproofing. But if this is a wooden bathhouse, and you plan to use it only in the summer, then it makes sense to make the floor out of wood. This will help significantly save your money and reduce the amount of work required.

How does a concrete floor work in a bathhouse?

If speak about concrete covering, then it is more reliable and durable. This floor consists of:

• compacted gravel;
• layer of concrete;
• vapor barrier layer;
• a layer of expanded polystyrene as insulation;
• waterproofing layer (polyethylene film);
• another layer of concrete;
• reinforced cement screed;
• facing layer (ceramic tiles, etc.).

How does a wooden floor work in a bathhouse?

As for wooden floors, they can be of two types: solid (not leaking) and not continuous (leaking). A solid floor is laid on top of a concrete screed. At the same time, it is made so that the surface has a slight slope towards the equipped drain. The boards fit close to each other, so there are no gaps. The disadvantage of such a bath covering is that the water stagnates on the floor, takes a long time to dry, and the boards quickly begin to rot. It is much better to use a non-solid floor.

What is its advantage? It is easier to use and will last you longer. The thing is that the boards are not fixed closely, but at a short distance from each other. This gap is 5 mm. It is enough to ensure that water does not stagnate on the surface and flows more easily to the drain. In addition, these slots serve as a fan, drying the floor.

In order for everything to function correctly, you need to organize a sealed pit under the room. Water will flow out of it through a pipe into the prepared drainage hole. In this pit it will be necessary to make a water seal so that unpleasant odors did not get inside the bathhouse. Having dealt with the floors, you can figure out how to drain the bathhouse sink and other rooms.

How to properly drain a bathhouse

To ensure quality water drainage, you need to pay special attention to the following indicators:

1. Drain system power. It must be chosen taking into account how many people will visit the steam room and how often. In addition, this indicator also affects the volume of the well or pit.
2. The level of groundwater in the place where the bathhouse is built.
3. Soil composition and quality.

Taking these indicators into account, you need to decide how to arrange a drain for a bathhouse, what design to use, and what its features are. This way you can immediately find out the capacity, depth, material and fastenings. First, you need to make a water collection system inside the bathhouse under a non-solid floor. Let's find out how to do this.

Do-it-yourself sauna drain step-by-step guide

All work is carried out at the foundation construction stage. It can be ribbon-type or columnar. The process is as follows:

1. If you are laying a drain pipe, then after digging a foundation pit, you need to dig a hole in the middle of the space under the floor.

• From this hole you need to lay a trench into which the pipe will be installed. It will drain water from the pit to the reservoir or sewer drain. It is important to install the pipe with a slope of 3 or 4 degrees.

• The boards that will make up the floor need to be secured to the installed beams. The distance between them is from 5 to 7 mm. This is the gap that will be enough for good work. The thickness of the boards is at least 2 cm. Now your floor is ready.

Typically, the boards may not be nailed to the floor joists. For ease of use they are made removable. They need to be fastened together with timber and laid on top. Everything is assembled into panels so that the connecting beam is located between the floor beams. It is better to use a floor made in this way, since it can be removed and air dried.

Creating a drain tank

Now that you have created a liquid collection system, you need to figure out where to discharge the drain through the pipes. The first option is a drain tank, which will have a filter bottom. Its purpose is to clean wastewater from pollution and trap microorganisms. After which the water goes through the bottom into the ground, purifying itself again. As a filter there can be different materials. This includes sand, pieces of bricks and even crushed stone. If the bathhouse will be used by a family of 3–4 people, then the best size of the well is 2 m deep with a diameter of 1–1.5 m. The shape of the well can be round or square. Still, it is better to choose a cylindrical option, since the pressure on the walls will be uniform. Then it will not need to be repaired often.

It is important to note that the well should be located from 3 to 5 meters from the bathhouse. If you bring it closer, there is a risk of unpleasant odors and destruction of the foundation. And when the well is placed very far away, more pipes will be needed. The figure shows how this scheme can be implemented.

Most often, the walls of the well are further strengthened. The most expensive option is concrete rings. But there are also simpler ones, for example, car tires. As a compromise option - brickwork. Alternatively, you can use a metal or plastic barrel that does not have a bottom. It is important to cover the well with a concrete or metal lid and cover it with soil.

Draining water into the sewer

If your site has a central sewer system, then everything is much simpler. All you need is to properly arrange the floor in the bathhouse, insulate it and organize a drain to the central sewer pipe. Pipes laid horizontally at an angle to the pipe will be installed as a drain. They will receive water, which will be able to get inside through the siphon and the drain body.

PVC pipes are laid in the floor at an angle to the riser. It is recommended to pour sand into the trench in advance and compact it. And install the pipes on the prepared cushion. The difference should be 2 cm per 1 m. The pipes are led to the riser or outside the bathhouse.

Draining water into a cesspool

Another option for draining water from the bathhouse is to drain it into a cesspool. This option has some disadvantages, but it is the simplest. Consider step by step progress We will not do any work, since the principle is already clear. The simple fact is that the water from the bathhouse will exit through a pipe system, directly into the cesspool. All that will be required of you is to pump out the contents as it fills.

Let's sum it up

Bath drainage is a very important stage of construction work. It is important to give this process enough attention and time. After all, if you do something wrong, then all your efforts may be in vain. To avoid this, it is important to prepare in advance to properly arrange the drain in the bathhouse. You need to think in advance which water drainage option to choose. After all, if your area does not have a sewerage system, you will have to drain it into a cesspool or well. Also, pay attention to quality Supplies: pipes, siphon and drain hole. Then your drain will last a long time and reliably.

Do-it-yourself sauna drain: step-by-step guide

How to make a drain in a bathhouse with your own hands The bathhouse has always been considered a purely Russian form of pastime. She served for bathing, helped keep her body clean and played the role of an outlet for

Today, bathhouses are built not only in villages, but also in dachas and cottage communities. However, before starting construction, it is necessary to determine how to drain the water from the bathhouse. Since time immemorial, drainage has been carried out directly under the building, where it goes into the ground. But then there was no such density of population and special unsanitary standards, which today it is not only stupid to ignore, but also unsafe.

In order to avoid unnecessary difficulties with waterlogging of your site or disputes with sanitary and epidemiological inspection, we will consider how water will be drained from it, with the lowest cost and maximum comfort for others.

Water drainage methods

So how can you organize a device for draining water from a bathhouse?

The following options can be considered the most popular and widely used:

• draining water directly under the bath;
• discharge to the general sewer;
• arrangement on;
• uniform distribution of water throughout the area using drainage pipes.

Advice. You need to ask yourself how to drain water in a bathhouse even at the planning stage, and if you decide to drain moisture outside the building (into a septic tank, into a sewer), then you need to take this into account when laying the foundation.
Sleeves are placed in the strip base, through which the outlet pipes will pass.

Foundation drain

Method with drain hole used if you don’t visit the steam room very often and there are no more than 1-3 people. In this case, directly under the floor of the used water.

For better absorption, the walls are not lined with solid masonry, but in a checkerboard pattern, which will allow moisture to escape not only through the bottom of the pit, but also to the sides. Unfortunately, this method has a significant drawback: in winter, water can freeze and damage the foundation.

Using central sewerage

If there is an opportunity on or near the site to cut a pipe into a centralized sewer system, this option is the most preferable. You only need to connect or connect to the sewer pipe, and the question of how to organize water drainage will never bother you again.

But if there is no sewer pipe near your site, you will have to solve this problem yourself, fortunately, it is not difficult to do it yourself, even alone.

Septic tank and filtration

This system for draining water in a bathhouse and cleaning it is deservedly considered the most expensive, but at the same time it allows not only to efficiently organize the drainage of water in a bathhouse, but also to use this water for agricultural purposes.

To do this, you need to install septic tanks in which the water is purified and then flows through a pipe into the collector, from where it is used for irrigation. But the disadvantage of such a system is its price, which includes regular replacement of filters and the introduction of microorganisms that take over the purification process.

Drain pit

This is the most used method for draining not only used water, but also sewage from a private home. Making it is not at all difficult and the following instructions will tell you how to do it correctly.

Choosing a location and arrangement of a pit

According to the rules and regulations of the location cesspool it should be no closer than 12 meters from the living space. This rule should be taken as a basis when organizing the removal of moisture from the washing room. When choosing the type of pit, you must consider whether you will clean it regularly or allow for the absorption of moisture into the soil. The second option is preferable due to the fact that it requires less costs not only during construction, but also during operation.

However, you must take into account that a pit without a bottom can only be built if there is no surface groundwater and if no more than 1 cubic meter of water is drained per day.

Otherwise, the bottom and walls of the cesspool must be completely isolated from the ground. This is achieved by laying the walls with bricks and concreting the bottom of the pit.

Since the concepts of bathhouse and water drainage are inseparable, it is necessary to calculate the volume of the future waste receptacle.

The most optimal sizes are:

• length not less than 1.5 m and not more than 3 m;
• width from 2m to 3m;
• depth from 1.5m to 3m.

Such dimensions will provide you with sufficient volume of the structure for the trouble-free functioning of your bathhouse, even with frequent visits.

Operating procedure

1. You need to start by digging a pit. This can be done manually, but if it is possible to use an excavator, be sure to use it.

Advice: Earthwork is the hardest type of work, and you will soon begin to understand this when you decide to take up a shovel yourself.
With the help of an excavator, for a small fee, within half an hour you will have a pit of the required volume on your site.

1. The walls and bottom of the pit need to be leveled. This can be done manually by trimming bayonet shovel. This type of work will not require high costs energy and time.
2. Fill the bottom of the hole with gravel mixed with sand, this will slightly improve moisture absorption and prevent clay and earth from penetrating into the hole.
3. Now you can start laying out the walls with bricks. The masonry is done in a checkerboard pattern, from the bottom to the very top.

1. The last step is to make a concrete floor with a hole 30-50 cm in diameter for cleaning and the intake hose.
2. Now all you have to do is install sewer pipes through which water will flow out of the bathhouse.

Only clay and well-fired bricks are suitable for lining a pit; it is not recommended to use silicate or pressed briquettes of unknown composition.

Conclusion

The choice of technology that will ensure the drainage of water in the bathhouse depends not only on your financial capabilities, but also on how often and how many people will use the washroom at the same time. The video in this article will also help you.

When building a bathhouse, special attention should be paid to the proper organization of the water drainage system. If everything is done correctly, fungus will never appear in the sauna and there will be no unpleasant odors. And the building itself will last much longer.

Floors in the bathhouse - selecting a suitable base

Russian bathhouse or sauna on your own suburban area- the dream of many people. Bringing it to life is not that difficult. It is enough to understand all the features of the construction and arrangement of the steam room, in particular, the rules for organizing drainage in it. This issue needs to be given increased attention. If you do not organize effective drainage of waste water from the sauna, within a couple of years after the start of operation, its foundation, floor base and lower parts of the walls will become unusable. Naturally, very soon all these problems will cause the destruction of the building.

It is possible to do the drainage in the bathhouse with your own hands, but first we will need to understand all the existing drainage options, choose optimal system, and only after that start arranging the drain. The first issue to be resolved is related to the type of flooring in the steam room. They can be done:

• concrete;
• wooden.

A concrete floor is ideal for a capital sauna, in which water procedures accepted throughout the year. Such a base consists of several successive layers. First comes compacted gravel, then concrete mortar, vapor barrier, heat insulator (it is best to use polystyrene foam boards). The insulation is covered with polyethylene, which acts as a water protector. Another layer of concrete is laid on it. The entire structure is secured with a reinforced cement screed. In the end concrete base lined with tiles (ceramics) or other finishing materials.

A wooden floor is much faster and easier to build. It is installed in bathhouses used exclusively in the warm season. The costs for wooden foundations are significantly less than for concrete ones. But there is one problem. Even with careful processing of wood special. compositions, after some time it will begin to deteriorate under the influence of moisture and high temperature. After 5–6 years of operation, such a floor will have to be completely re-laid. This should be kept in mind when choosing the type of base for your bath.

Wooden floors are structurally divided into non-leaking and leaking. The first of these are always laid on a pre-made concrete screed (it must have a certain slope). Non-leaking structures are prone to rotting, since after using the steam room they take quite a long time to dry. From this point of view, leaky floors are more convenient to use. They are simply laid on the joists without rigid attachment to the latter. The boards are laid with small (about 5 mm) gaps. It is through them that water is removed from the surface of the flooring. At any time, such a floor can be removed, taken outside under the hot sun and dried.

If you plan to build a leaky foundation, you should make a pit (preferably sealed) under the sauna and connect a pipe to it, through which the drainage will be carried out.

Wastewater disposal systems - pros and cons during operation

Having figured out the type of flooring, we move on to selecting a suitable drainage system. There are several options for arranging a drain:

• soil filtration technique;
• installation of a drainage well;
• pit.

The choice of one system or another depends on geometric parameters and the frequency of use of the bathhouse, the presence or absence of a centralized sewerage system on the site, the depth to which the soil freezes, and directly the type of soil present. If in own sauna a person plans to go with two or three friends a couple of times a week; there is no particular need to organize complex drainage (for example, ground filtration). In such situations, you can get by at low cost by building a simple pit or well for waste water. If the bathhouse becomes a permanent gathering place for a large number of hot steam lovers, you will have to take care of arranging a more sophisticated and efficient system.

On clay-type soils, it is best to make a drainage hole. Used water will flow into it from the bathhouse through pipes and then be pumped out. For sandy and similar soils, systems in the form of drainage wells are more suitable. We also take into account the most important requirement - the pipes through which water will be drained must be laid below the freezing level of the soil. If you mount them above the specified mark, in very coldy they will freeze, and we will not be able to fully use the private bathhouse.

Let's talk about the pros and cons of different drainage systems. And then we’ll find out exactly how each of them is mounted. Let's start with the simplest system - a pit. It is essentially a hole that is dug under the floor base of the steam room. A layer of filter material is placed at the bottom of the pit. Water passes through it, is purified, and then gradually seeps into the soil. The pit does not require pipes or any other communications to operate. Its arrangement takes a minimum of time. These are definitely advantages. But this solution also has disadvantages. Firstly, a pit cannot be made on soils that do not absorb water well. Secondly, it cannot be installed in saunas with a foundation in the form monolithic slab. Thirdly, even a deep pit is characterized by an objectively low throughput potential.

It won't be much more expensive to install a drainage well. This is understood as a sealed tank for collecting wastewater, buried in the ground. When it is full, the owner of the bathhouse calls a sewer truck. She pumps out the water. Any summer resident will make a drainage system, spending a minimum of effort on the work. Here you just need to choose the right place to install the tank. It should be installed on the lowest plot of land. No special maintenance is required for the drain well. The disadvantages of the system are the need to regularly call special equipment to pump out water and to arrange fairly wide access routes to the tank. The sewer truck will not pass along the narrow path.

A drainage well is a deep and wide hole that is filled with a layer of filter element. This can include furnace slag, small pieces of bricks, crushed stone, and construction sand. Digging a hole is easy. Cover it with filtrate too. But here's to serving drainage system not at all easy. The wastewater is not pumped out of it. They go into the ground. In this case, at least once every 5-6 months you need to completely change the filter layer and clean the well. Such an operation requires considerable labor costs, which negates all the advantages of the system.

We will consider the advantages and disadvantages of the ground filtration method below. And we’ll immediately describe exactly how professional builders make such a system. She is considered the most effective option drainage of wastewater from private saunas.

Soil filtration - how effective and durable?

The method of soil wastewater treatment requires the installation of a full-fledged sewer system. It includes pipes for collecting and draining water and a special septic tank. The latter plays the role of a distribution well and at the same time a settling tank. Some craftsmen assemble the septic tank on their own, but more often they buy it from finished form in specialized stores. The advantages of the system are high-quality purification of heavily polluted water, completely autonomous operation, and no need to call in equipment to pump out the well. Disadvantages - a huge amount of land (very labor-intensive) work, the considerable cost of the consumables and equipment used, the need to allocate a large area for installing a septic tank.

A step-by-step guide to setting up a ground filtration system is provided below. First, we decide on the location of the septic tank. We bury it 150–250 cm into the soil. Then we connect the sewer pipe to the installed container. We remind you! It should be laid below the freezing mark of the ground. After this, we prepare perforated drainage pipes (the so-called drains). We select their cross-section and length taking into account the volume of wastewater. In most cases, plastic products with a cross-section of 110 cm are used as drains. You can also use other pipes by drilling a number of holes in them.

Length of one drainage pipe It is undesirable to take more than 25 m. The pipes are laid in trenches about 1 m wide (minimum 50 cm). The distance between individual drains must be maintained at least 150 cm. The system installation process itself looks like this:

1. 1. We draw up a diagram for laying drains. We dig a trench with a slope of about 1.5°, checking its accuracy with a building level.
2. 2. If the soil is sandy, we make a cushion of gravel and sand at the bottom of the trench (the thickness of each layer is 10 cm), and then lay geotextiles on top. For clay soils the procedure is similar. But in this case there is no need to use geotextile material. It is allowed not to make a pillow on loams. In this case, the pipes must be wrapped in geotextiles. In this way we will reduce the risk of siltation of the system.
3. 3. Lay the prepared drains. At their end we install a half-meter (slightly more) pipe for ventilation.
4. 4. Fill the drains with 10 cm of gravel. Fill the trench to the top with a layer of soil.
5. 5. Cover the ventilation outlet. pipes with a protective cap. It will prevent leaves and debris from entering the ventilation duct.

The soil drainage filtration system is ready! If properly installed, it will serve trouble-free for at least 15 years. But after a specified period of time, you will have to change the cushion under the drains, since it will gradually silt up during the operation of the sewer.

Making a pit - a simple and quick operation

As noted, drainage from small, rarely used baths can be organized using a pit. The diagram of its device is as follows:

1. 1. We dig a hole under the future floor base of the steam room.
2. 2. We fill our mini-pit with a layer of crushed stone, expanded clay or broken brick.
3. 3. Pour sand on top.
4. 4. Install wooden joists on top of a pit with a filter pad made.
5. 5. We lay the plank flooring on the mounted supporting elements. As you remember, we install lumber not closely, but with gaps.

Boards can be nailed to the joists. But it’s better not to do this in order to be able to periodically remove the flooring and dry it outside.

Some craftsmen make an improved pit. It serves as a collector for wastewater, which, after reaching a given level, goes into the sewer. This pit option is also quite simple to construct. We dig a cubic hole under the floor. We take the length of the ribs of such a pit to be at least 50 cm. We protect the walls and bottom of the pit from moisture. The easiest and most reliable way is to fill them with concrete mixture. Although you can use any roll waterproofing material, for example, roofing felt.

Further, at a height of approximately 10 cm from floor base we bring the pipe to the pit. We take it outside the building on a slope (otherwise the drains will not be able to leave the pit by gravity). We install a water seal. It is a device that does not allow unpleasant sewer odors enter the steam room. The simplest water seal is a metal plate installed at a slight angle. Its lower end should be about 5 centimeters away from the bottom of the pit. The shutter can also be made from an ordinary rubber ball. It should be secured above the pit (directly above the drain). When the tank is empty, the ball covers the pipe, and when the tank is filled, it floats up and the water flows freely through the pipe.

Building a drain well - a practical option

A drainage pit is rightfully considered the most rational way to organize drainage from a bathhouse. We need to dig a hole and install a metal or plastic tank in it. This option does not require serious expenditure of effort. But also durability drainage structure it turns out not very big. Therefore, home craftsmen prefer other methods of arranging such a system. They make pits from reinforced concrete rings or line the walls of the well with bricks. In this case, the structure becomes more reliable, due to which its service life is significantly increased.

Working with reinforced concrete products is difficult. And here brickwork It’s quite possible for any self-taught master to do it. Let us describe the last option for organizing the drain step by step:

1. 1. We choose a place for a well, remembering that it is always located at the lowest point of the land plot. In addition, we need to immediately take care of arranging the access to the drainage pit for the machine pumping out the wastewater.
2. 2. We dig a hole of the planned size. It is recommended to make it rectangular or square. Then the volume of excavation work will be less. We make sure that the walls of the pit are smooth and dense (we do not allow soil to fall off them).
3. 3. We make the bottom of the pit with a slope, directing it towards the hatch.
4. 4. Pour a 15-centimeter layer of sand into the hole and tamp it down. Pour concrete mortar on top. It is allowed to install a finished slab (reinforced concrete) on the bottom. Due to this, it is possible to reduce the time required for the work, since you do not have to wait several weeks for the concrete solution to completely harden.

Now we begin laying the walls of our drain structure. We carry out the operation using new or used red brick. We make the masonry 25–30 cm thick. We install the bricks with an offset of half a stone. We fix the products with a composition made up of sand, clay and water. We install a pipe in one of the walls for the wastewater entering the well.

Brick is a permeable material. Therefore, the masonry needs to be additionally sealed. We use any bitumen mastic for moisture protection. We apply it strictly according to the manufacturer's recommendations. After waterproofing the walls, we install a ceiling on the well. It should be 25–30 cm larger than the pit (on each side). It is advisable to make the ceiling from reinforced concrete. This design has a considerable weight, but is distinguished by its durability and unique strength.

The process of installing the ceiling is as follows: we assemble the formwork, fill it with concrete (layer - about 7 cm), install metal reinforcement, and add another concrete layer on top. We are waiting for the ceiling to harden. After the concrete has crystallized, we install a hatch in the center of the slab. Let's take it plastic film. We cover the flooded floor with it and fill it with soil. Only the hatch remains on the surface of the earth. Through it, wastewater will be pumped out from the brick tank after the tank is filled to a critical level.

Drainage structure - how to do it?

A drainage well is made exclusively in areas where groundwater flows very deeply. If they are located high, the structure we are interested in will not be able to perform its function. It will begin to fill with groundwater, and the drainage from the bathhouse will simply have nowhere to collect. The drainage well should be dug 2–2.5 m from the walls of the building. If, the risk of subsidence or wetting of the foundation will increase. With a smaller distance between the wall of the building and the pit, we will not be able to organize the required slopes to ensure gravity flow of water.

By selecting appropriate place, we dig a cylindrical hole in the ground. Theoretically, the well can have any other shape. But practice shows that cylindrical pits are much less likely to need repair work. In addition, they mark a uniform distribution of loads on the walls. We can choose any depth and size of the well. For large and actively visited baths, the parameters of the well, of course, should be more impressive than for saunas that their owners use only from time to time.

• Laying walls with brick or wild stone. Important! We lay the products with small gaps. They are needed to naturally remove moisture.
• Installing containers made of metal or plastic. Before installing it in a hole in the tank, you need to make holes on the sides and cut off the bottom.
• Laying several old car tires on top of each other.
• Installation of slate sheets. This option is suitable for wells in the shape of a rectangle or square.

We fill the reinforced pit with crushed stone, broken brick or expanded clay, making a cushion 10–15 cm high. Then we cover it with sand (the thickness is similar). We dig a trench to the well from the sauna (don’t forget about the slope, optimally if it is 1 cm for every meter). We put a drain pipe into it. We put the last one into the drainage hole. After this, you need to install a cover on the well. It is better to make it metal and always removable. After all, we will have to regularly maintain the drainage pit, changing the filter layer in it and cleaning it. All that remains is to cover the lid with polyethylene and fill the structure with soil.

We choose the appropriate sewage system for the bathhouse and do all the work ourselves. Guided by the given instructions, we will arrange a truly effective system drainage.

A comfortable bathhouse on your own site is a dream that you can always turn into reality on your own. One of key points its construction is a solution to the problem of wastewater disposal.

Let’s take a closer look at how to install a sewer system for a bathhouse with your own hands and what points to consider when designing and installing the system.

The installation of a well-designed waste water disposal system is prompted not only by aesthetic standards, but by current requirements aimed at maintaining environmental safety.

According to standards 30-02-97, the collection and disposal of wastewater from baths and showers must be carried out using treatment and filtering facilities that provide sand and gravel backfill

Constructive solutions autonomous sewers There can be many built during the construction of a bathhouse.

By type of action independent systems are divided into two types:

1. Gravity system- involves the movement of wastewater through it by gravity. This effect is achieved due to the correctly maintained angle of inclination of the pipeline.
2. Pressure system– provides for forced transportation of wastewater using pumping equipment.

A sewer system for a bathhouse building is constructed regardless of whether or not a water supply is connected to it. In any case, the very nature of the site implies a copious use of water, which must be disposed of.

When installing a gravity system, it is determined by the diameter of the pipes.

Photo guide for installing a sewerage station

If a deep treatment station is selected to treat wastewater before disposal, in addition to connecting to the sewer system, you will also need electrical wiring.

Otherwise, the stages of work on the arrangement of all types of treatment points of autonomous sewer systems are carried out in a similar order.

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But it can only be installed on soils characterized by a high level of moisture permeability. These include sandy, fine-clastic and coarse-clastic soils.

Having decided on the location of the drainage pit, mark the area and select the route for laying a sewer line to it

The construction of the treatment plant is carried out in the following sequence:

1. In the marked area, a pit is dug, the depth of which is 1-1.5 meters higher than the freezing mark of the soil.
2. The bottom of the pit is laid out with a 10-centimeter layer of clay.
3. Expanded clay or crushed stone-sand filling is laid on top, forming a layer 40-50 cm high. This will serve as drainage.
4. To prevent the earthen walls of the pit from collapsing, they are lined with bricks, laying out rows in a checkerboard pattern, or with ready-made concrete rings.

If desired, the walls of the drainage well can be lined with tires. To do this, dig a pit, the diameter of which allows you to accommodate 4-5 used tires laid out on top of each other.

Many owners of private houses want to have a good Russian bathhouse on their property. But before you start building it, you need to carefully think through and properly organize drainage. Currently, there are several ways to remove waste water from a bathhouse, which do not require large financial investments and a connection to the general city sewer system. A well-made drain in a washing bath will help ensure the long life of the floors and foundation, and will also prevent the appearance of mold and mildew on the walls.

Drainage device in the washing room at the bathhouse

Drainage in the bathhouse can be carried out different ways, which depend on the type of floors in the washing room of the bathhouse. There are wooden leaking and non-leaking ones, as well as concrete ones. For the first case, it is necessary to arrange a special reservoir for drainage of water, from which it will be poured into the sewer. And for the second option, a floor in the bathhouse is laid with a slope, and special gutters and drainage ladders are installed. Any drainage system in the bathhouse must be installed before laying the floors.

When choosing to create an external sewage system for a bathhouse, it is necessary to take into account factors such as:

• Intensity of use of the bath;
• Dimensions of the building;
• Type of soil and depth of freezing;
• Sewage system (its presence or absence);
• Is it possible to connect to the central system?

The above aspects are among the most important when determining drainage.

For a small bathhouse where one or two people will steam several times a month, there is no need to create a complex sewer system. It will be enough to dig a regular drain hole or a small pit under the bathhouse.

The soil type has great importance when creating a drainage system. For sandy soils that absorb water well, it is recommended to do drainage well. In clayey soils, it is better to equip a drainage pit from which the wastewater will need to be pumped out periodically. It is also necessary to take into account the degree of freezing of the ground, since water in pipes that are laid above the required level will simply freeze and the plastic will crack.

If you do not want the water from the bathhouse to simply flow out and be absorbed into the ground, you must use a septic tank with a settling tank, where the wastewater will settle and be purified, and then distributed through irrigation pipes. The most complex and expensive way to remove water is to construct a well with biological filters, which consist of slag, broken bricks and crushed stone. The peculiarity of this method is that when waste water enters a well, its walls are gradually covered with a layer of sludge in which microorganisms live that purify the water.

Advantages and disadvantages of each external drainage system in a bathhouse

Let's look at the different types of drainage systems, as well as their characteristics, advantages and disadvantages.

This is a sealed pit made of reinforced concrete, in which water coming from the bathhouse accumulates. When it is full, it is pumped out using a special device.

Advantages:

• Simplicity of the device;
• Does not require maintenance;
• Low cost.

Flaws:

Drainage well

This water drainage system is a pit with filtrate that cleanses waste water. The filter can be sand, broken brick, crushed stone, slag, etc.

Advantages:

• Low cost;
• Ease of construction.

The disadvantage of the system is the regular replacement of the filtrate or its cleaning. And this procedure requires a lot of physical effort.

Pit

This system consists of a hole that is dug just under the washroom floor. At the bottom of the pit there is a natural filtrate, which allows waste water to flow through it, gradually going into the depths of the soil.

Advantages:

• There is no need for piping;
• Low cost of the device.

Flaw:

This is a system that consists of a septic tank and pipes emanating from it, which remove water purified from impurities. Drainage systems are installed at a certain slope so that the water quickly drains and is completely absorbed into the ground.

Advantages:

• Works offline;
• Can be used to create a sewer system with several points for receiving waste water;
• It can even clean “black” drains if you install an anaerobic septic tank.

Flaws:

Alternatively, you can connect to the central sewer. Then there will be no need to install external structures for receiving and processing wastewater. But here you will have to pay for the services of specialists and draw up various permits.

Internal sauna drainage system

The washing room inside the bathhouse is equipped taking into account the future drainage and the selected floors. Draining should be done in such a way that no moisture remains in the room, which will contribute to the development of fungi and mold.

1. Leaky wooden floors are the most widespread, as they are the simplest option for draining a bathhouse. The boards are laid with gaps of about 3–4 mm, so that through the cracks the water from the washing room flows into the pit without hindrance. Such floors are dismountable so that the boards can be properly dried. In this case, the floor is arranged without a slope for drainage, since the water will be absorbed into the ground under the bathhouse.
2. Non-leakage floors are installed with a slope towards the drain, through which waste water will flow into the drainage basin and then into the sewer. Also, water can flow into any chosen drainage system.
3. Concrete floors are easy to maintain, durable and reliable, so they are perfect for setting up a washing room in a bathhouse. Such floors are also made with a slope towards the drain so that water can quickly and easily flow into the selected sewage system.

Preparing for the construction of a drainage system: drawings and diagrams of various drains

Scheme of a wooden leaky floor with a drain. Must be carried out before laying floors.

If a dry steam room is provided in the bathhouse, and there is a shower in the washing room, then it is necessary to provide a drain in the steam room.

In the sauna sewer, where water will be collected from several rooms, it is necessary to install a riser with a ventilation valve.

If the steam room and the washing room are in different rooms, then a gutter for water drainage is placed under the ceiling between them.

Under the wooden floor, it is necessary to make a concrete base with a slope towards the central part, where the gutter will go, connecting to the sewer.

Also, instead of concrete, you can lay a stainless or galvanized steel tray on the floor under the flooring.

Video: installation of a galvanized pan for draining water under the wooden floor of a bathhouse

When installing self-leveling floors on which the tiles will be laid, it is necessary to maintain a slope, where at the lowest point a drain is installed to receive water, which is connected to the sewer.

• To install a sewerage system inside a bathhouse, it is necessary to use modern, durable plastic pipes that have a long service life and will therefore serve for many years. They are not afraid of moisture, are not subject to corrosion, like ordinary metal or cast iron, and are also easy and simple to assemble yourself without the involvement of specialists. PVC pipes are excellent for installing internal sewerage in a bathhouse, they are flexible in any processing, and can also be with or without a socket. Service life more than 50 years.
• Cast iron pipes are too expensive, heavy, and also inconvenient to work with.
• Asbestos-cement pipes are the cheapest, but they often have many defects. Also, installation of a gravity drain requires pipes with a smooth inner surface of the walls, and asbestos-cement products often have rough inner walls with indentations.

Types of plastic pipes:

• PVC pipes (polyvinyl chloride);
• PVC (chlorinated polyvinyl chloride pipes);
• PP (polypropylene products);
• HDPE (pipes made of low pressure polyethylene);
• Corrugated polyethylene pipes.

Any of the above types of pipes can be used for the internal drainage device in the bathhouse. The diameter of the product for the main line is taken based on the future intensity of operation of the bathhouse and the number of drain points. For an ordinary bathhouse with a steam room, a washing room and a toilet, pipes with a diameter of 10–11 cm are recommended. If plumbing is not installed, then pipes with a diameter of 5 cm will be sufficient to drain water.

Calculation of material for creating drainage and tools

To install internal sewerage in the washing room, we will need PVC pipes gray, as well as joints and adapters.

• The number of pipes depends on the length of the internal drainage system.
• We will also need tees size and angle 110–110–90° - two pieces (highlighted in red in the diagram);
• Elbow adapter - 90° - three pieces (highlighted in black in the diagram).
• Horizontal sewer pipes – Ø11 cm;
• Vertical pipes for installing water drainage receivers – Ø11 or 5 cm.
• To connect pipes of different diameters you will need adapters from 5 to 11 cm.
• For the external sewage system of the bathhouse you will need orange pipes (PVC).

For work we will need:

• Bayonet shovel (special equipment);
• Building level;
• Grinder with cutting wheel;
• Sand;
• Cement;
• Crushed stone.

Step-by-step instructions with photos for making various drain designs in a bathhouse

Before considering the drainage system in the washing room, it must be said that the entire internal sewer system in the bathhouse is interconnected and consists of three waste water receivers.

The drain trap is a siphon that has a water seal that prevents unpleasant odors from entering the washing room, and it also serves as a grate that prevents large debris from entering the sewer.

In the photo we can see the slope of the tiled floor towards the drainage ladder.

A drain ladder must be installed in bathhouses.

Video: system of functioning of a drain with a water seal in the washing room of a bathhouse

1. First we will lay the sewer pipes. To do this we dig trenches.
2. At points A and B, the depth of the trench should be approximately 50–60 centimeters relative to the ground level (outside the foundation). If the height of the base is 30–40 centimeters, then the depth of the trench will be 80–100 cm in relation to the top of the foundation.
3. From points A and B, we gradually dig ditches so that the slope is about 2 centimeters per 1 linear meter. We pour sand approximately 5–10 cm thick at the bottom of the trench and compact it well, maintaining the required slope.
4. We fill the foundation and make a hole for the sewer pipe.
5. We install the drain pipes vertically (1 and 2 for drains). To do this, we drive sticks about 1 meter long into the bottom of the trench, and then tie plums to them. We install vertical pipes with a small margin of length. During the process of installing the floor and installing the ladders, we will shorten them.
6. We install the sewerage system according to the specified diagram.

In the construction industry, the depth of laying sewer pipes in the southern regions is about 70 cm from the ground surface. In the middle zone the depth varies from 90 to 120 cm, and in the north it is at least 150–180 cm.

To prevent the drains from freezing, the tubes must be insulated with several layers of special 10 mm polyethylene foam.

Under one end of the pipe we dig a shallow hole for drainage. Now we need to try to drain a certain volume of water to check the correct angle of the pipe. We check all the pipes one by one.

We make an external sewage system with our own hands

If the volume of waste water does not exceed 700 liters. per week, then we can use old truck wheels as a septic tank. We can calculate the water absorption area of ​​the septic tank, taking into account that the degree of water absorption of 1 sq/m of sandy soil is about 100 l/day, mixed sandy loam is about 50 l/day, loamy soil is about 20 l/day. Depending on the type of soil and its water absorption, we calculate how many wheels we need.

1. We dig a hole 2x2 meters and a depth of about 2.3 - 2.5 meters, depending on the level at which the pipe will emerge. We pour 10–15 cm of sand at the bottom, and 10–15 cm of crushed stone on top.
2. In the pit, we tightly stack about 5-7 wheels vertically on top of each other. The top point should be such that the drain pipe can accurately fit into it.
3. In loamy soil it will be enough to install 7 wheels. If the site has sandy loam or sandy soil, then 5 pieces will be enough.
4. Cover the wheels with a durable metal or plastic cover with a hole made in it. We insert a ventilation pipe into it, through which air will flow, ensuring the vital activity of microorganisms that process wastewater.
5. We carry out a test drain and bury the entire structure.

How to make a drainage well: a guide

The drainage pit can be made of a plastic or metal tank, reinforced concrete rings or red brick.

1. We choose a place in the lowest part of the site so that the water from the washing room leaves by gravity. In order to make it convenient to pump water out of the well and for a car to freely drive up to it, you need to choose a place with convenient access.
2. Digging a hole using an excavator. If there is no equipment, then you will have to dig by hand, and this is a long process. We monitor the condition of the pit walls (they should not crumble). We can dig a hole of square, rectangular or round shape.
3. We make the bottom with a slight slope towards the hatch for easy cleaning of the tank. We fill in 15 cm of sand and concrete the bottom. Instead of concreting, you can simply lay a reinforced concrete slab the desired shape and size.
4. We lay out the walls with bricks. You can take used red brick. For masonry we make a solution of clay and sand. During the laying process, we install an inlet pipe for water in one of the walls.
5. Since brick walls are waterproof, we need to treat them with a special sealant. To do this, take bitumen mastic or other similar material.
6. We install the ceiling from reinforced concrete slab. The upper part of the well should be blocked on all sides by about 30 cm. To pump out water, we make a hole above the area of ​​the pit where the slope is located. The overlap is installed in several steps. First, we make formwork from boards and pour a 5–7 cm layer of concrete. We put reinforcement on top and pour the next layer of mortar. Let the concrete dry for several days.
7. We lay a metal hatch, cover the concrete floor with polyethylene and fill it with soil so that only the hatch is visible on the surface.

How to place a drainage system with a pit

1. Under the floor of the washing room we dig a hole 2x2 meters and at least 1 meter deep. At a height of 10–15 centimeters from the floor level, we install a pipe that will connect the pit to the external sewage system. We maintain a slope of 1 centimeter per 1 linear meter.
2. We put a layer of crushed stone, broken brick, gravel or expanded clay at the bottom, and pour a layer of sand on top. We strengthen the walls with brick, large-wave slate or natural stone.
3. We lay logs on top of the pit, and then install a wooden floor on them.
4. So that waste water can easily drain directly into the pit, the boards are laid at a distance from each other. Such a wooden floor does not need to be attached to the joists so that it can be easily removed and dried.

The second option for constructing a pit is a water collector, from which wastewater will be poured into a septic tank or sewer system when it reaches a certain level. This drainage method is mainly used when constructing leaking floors.

How to install ground filtration for a bathhouse

To install such a system, you will need a separate septic tank, which will serve as a sump and distribution well. Drainage pipes will extend from it in different directions, designed to distribute treated waste along the entire perimeter of the yard. You can buy a septic tank, or you can make it yourself from large containers made of plastic or metal.

A septic tank made of reinforced concrete or a round structure made of brickwork works perfectly.

Rules for constructing a drainage system:

• The length of the pipe should be no more than 25 meters;
• Laying depth of at least 1.5 meters;
• The distance between pipes is at least 1.5 meters;
• The width of the trench for drainage is at least 50 cm, maximum 1 meter.

1. We dig a trench taking into account an inclination angle of about 1.5°. We check the angle with a regular building level.
2. To the bottom of the trench clay soil pour 10 cm of sand and 10 cm of gravel on top. In loamy soils, the pipe will need to be wrapped with filter material to avoid silting. On sandy soil we make a sand and crushed stone cushion, and wrap the pipes with geotextiles.
3. Pour 10 cm of gravel on top of the drainage, and then fill the ditch with earth.
4. The filtration system must be ventilated, so at the end of the drainage pipe we install a pipe about 50 cm high, and put a safety valve on top.

Video: how to connect the drainage system to the bathhouse

Properly done drainage in the washing room of the bathhouse and its other premises guarantees a long service life of this structure. It will help protect the building from the harmful effects of moisture and prevent contamination of the area with waste water. Even in small baths it is necessary to equip a drainage system, so this process must be approached with complete seriousness and responsibility.

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