In this article we will look at how to make a house from a log with your own hands, which will not be inferior in beauty and functionality to a structure made by specialists.
Modern technologies
If you have a question about how to build a house from a log, we recommend reading this material. The most popular is the construction of a house from rounded logs. There is an explanation for this:
- This type of building material undergoes preliminary mechanical processing, due to which each trunk has the same size.
- The length of the logs is adjusted according to the customer’s project, and with the help of laser equipment a connection is made on each trunk with great precision. Thanks to this, there is practically no manual adjustment, and the frame is assembled as if from parts of a construction set.
Where to begin?
Of course, from the project. Some limitation to the flight of fancy for creating your own project can be the size of the logs - they have a certain length. Therefore, you first need to take an interest in what is sold in your area, since the standard length of logs is 6 m, and the maximum can reach 13 m, but this is only possible when purchasing Siberian larch.
However, if your knowledge of design is superficial, then it is better not to experiment, as mistakes can be very costly, to the point that the house may become uninhabitable. What to do?
There are many ready-made projects on the vast expanses of the Internet - some can be downloaded for free, others are sold. The second option is more reliable, since everything is calculated down to the smallest detail by specialists. Whatever route you take, before you build a log house, you need to have a clear idea of the size of the house and the number of floors. This will help you decide what kind of foundation you need.
Choosing a foundation
From how much solid foundation will have a house built from logs, the period it will last depends. An undoubted advantage wooden house is its light weight, due to which there is no need to make an overly powerful foundation. Its structure may be different, but the foundation must be built in accordance with all standards of strength and reliability. Let's consider several options suitable for this purpose:
- Shallow strip foundation.
- Columnar foundation.
- Pile foundation.
- Slab foundation.
The most common is strip foundation. This is followed by columnar and pile foundations, but in cases where the soil is too loose and wet, the last option remains - installing a slab foundation. This costs more, but even if a log house “floats”, it will only be with the slab. In any case, before deciding what kind of foundation to make, you need to “get to know” the soil.
After completing the work, carefully check the levelness of the base surface using a hydraulic level. If the difference is more than 1 cm, then it must be leveled with cement mortar or waterproofing.
Material selection
Even a child will answer the question about which tree is the most resinous - well, who doesn’t remember how hard it is to wash your hands after you grab the trunk. Someone may have less pleasant, but vivid memories of resin - sitting on a bench, from the boards of which this liquid was released, sticking to everything it came into contact with. Undoubtedly the most resinous are tree logs. coniferous species.
Due to the fact that this wood contains a lot of resin, it is less susceptible to rotting. In addition, the trunks coniferous trees straight, and this is one of the most important factors for building a wooden house, so, given the low cost of this material, we will choose it.
If you wish and have the funds, you can purchase larch beams, which have a very beautiful texture, they are strong and durable, but very expensive.
Stages of work
For any house, and especially for a wooden one, the building material must be well insulated from moisture. First of all, the concrete is coated with molten bitumen. Before laying the first crown, lay at least 2 layers of waterproofing on the foundation (in addition, you can install it once with “glass insulation”). Then there is a laying board, and on top there is another layer of waterproofing, which must be laid in such a way that all layers extend 25 cm beyond the edge of the foundation on all sides.
The timber must be prepared in advance, even when unloading the timber onto the site. You need logs that are as smooth as possible, with a minimum number of knots and without blue stains. The forest is selected based on its annual rings - the one with the most rings is the densest. Make sure this is the central part of the tree. This can be determined by the location of the center point on the cut of the log.
Be sure to coat the selected wood several times with liquid bitumen mastic(this composition is achieved by mixing with used machine oil), leaving the ends untouched, since moisture will escape through them. This will help to saturate the timber as much as possible, thereby significantly increasing the service life of the crown before it is replaced.
If the log is slightly curved, then it should be laid with its straight edge down. Secure the beams with metal dowels, which need to be driven to a depth of 3 cm.
Next, the house is assembled from blanks, which is not particularly difficult. While maintaining the stacking sequence, logs must be stacked on top of each other, but before laying the next logs, longitudinal groove secure tape insulation made of jute, hemp or tow.
It is important to securely fasten the beam near window openings and doors. This is done using a dowel - a wooden stake that connects 2-3 logs. Before securing the log, check its position relative to the wall. Secure it with nails by driving them into the sides.
This will prevent the log from moving when drilling it with a hammer drill with a long drill, the diameter of which should be 5 mm smaller than the dowel used. That is, if the drill is Ø 20 mm, then the dowel should be Ø 25 mm. Tightly driven dowels firmly hold the logs together, making the frame strong.
Video
This video talks about building a house from logs.
1. Requirements for the future home.
From time to time, crises occur in our country. Crises are not only in the country, sometimes they occur in the life of almost every family. Let's not discuss interpersonal communication for research psychologists and discuss how to economically build your home when your budget is limited.
So you have an unlimited amount of money that you have to get along well with.
The wind does not go in the form of buying various things that will be useful in the next 3-5 years, but invest in such an acquisition that can be useful throughout your life and then serve your descendants. That's why the idea of creating own home- one of the most important, perhaps fatal decisions in your life.
Every future developer wants his house: a) beautiful, different from other residential buildings in the neighborhood; b) functional, so that the house meets all the requirements for having the necessary amenities in the form of living rooms, kitchens, bathrooms, etc.; (c) sufficient for all its inhabitants; d) comfortably evoke positive emotions in this house; e) reliable, durable; e) accessible to the budget, so that the amount of money that is intended for building a house is sufficient for everyone.
2. What material should the house be built from?
First of all, you need to decide what material will be your future home: brick, foam, wood or frame?
The brick version is immediately rejected - it is expensive, and we have a problem during a crisis to build a house according to a specific budget. Foam block house? The unaesthetic appearance of a house made of such material immediately conflicts with our requirements, one of which is described in paragraph “a”, which states what the future of the house is, that it is “beautiful, different from others,” and what can be beautiful, different from other gray houses?
In addition, there are questionable properties of the foam, such as fragility, non-ideal geometry, unknown workmanship from the manufacturer, etc. show how long this structure can last? Builders say at least 50-70 years and how many pre-revolutionary buildings made of foam blocks (or aerated concrete) do you see? The objection is that at that time such technologies did not yet exist, I would be honest.
Therefore, no one knows how long this house will serve, which doubts point “d” - reliability and durability.
It is quite cheap to build a house built with frame technology. The builders skillfully and quickly deceive this house, since the office will assemble only model “cabinets”, it will be larger, but the essence of the “cardboard” house is approximately the same: everything is on boards, in bars in the corners, so there is no problem.
Covered mineral wool, cavities in the walls are designed to maintain heat in the apartment during heavy winter months. Perhaps this option should be rejected. The only advantage of this structure is that it is cheap, but you need quality and reliability to get the best for less money. Contracts that "live in these homes across America" will not be accepted.
Russia is not America in terms of climate conditions and mentality. Have you seen Hollywood movies where they have “damn” piston holes in the walls of houses? Turns out this isn't surprising... You don't need Superman to break through a thin skeletal shield wall structure or enter a house with a car, you won't get shredded cars, but to spread out frangible obstacles.
The fireplace of the house was not warm in winter, which requires constant heat, in the summer in the cupboard, the kitchen burns quickly under the blazing sun, and it is necessary to install air conditioning systems so as not to fry there. And with inheritance, this structure is somehow impractical for sending offspring and what will be left when the time comes?
3. Find out how to choose a wooden house.
In Ljubljana wooden house You don't need a heating system 24/7.
The walls of such houses made of natural building materials are reliably heated in winter. It is not surprising that our ancestors always built and lived in wooden houses made from cottages - in cottages. The wooden house has stood the test of time - for centuries (!) And it turned out to be good. A house from a house will be a reliable warm shelter in winter, and in summer the wooden walls will not heat up under the burning rays of the sun; in this house they will be fresh and cool in the hot season.
It is enough to open the windows in the house, carefully preparing the accumulated background in the corners - this is a natural preparation for you. 
The surviving monuments of wooden architecture in Kizhi, Suzdal or the extraordinary beauty of a wooden tower in the Kostroma region are convincing examples of how reliable these structures are.
Yes, and it’s hard to think of anything more environmentally friendly and pleasing to the soul than wood in the house. So leave the opportunity to think - a wooden house.
Wooden houses come in different types: hand-cut log houses-Produced using traditional technology, bar houses, round bar houses can also be worn with rounded wood.
Wooden log houses today are in traffic, since the production log is entire logs, each individually adjusting the corpse in the crown, which was not a strong run-up between the buttocks and the top in the logs, was at least hidden.
Each log is finished by hand using an ax and saw, the slots are designed to form a frame into a bowl or point. In fact, all such frames are handmade, requiring special skills of a carpenter. Each log cabin home is unique and exists in one piece. Therefore, such work cannot be cheap, and we have the task of building a house during a crisis.
Log house(CBS) is similar to a hand-cut log house, only the rounding of the trunk is processed by special equipment where the surface layer is removed to produce a uniform, pre-determined log diameter and smooth surface.
Since the CBS has a rounded shape and grooves in it in the container, this makes the work more difficult, so a wooden frame house in this version will be cheaper than manual cutting logs, but more expensive than in the bar, in fact in the same shaft, but with a different arm geometry,
We do not consider laminated veneer lumber as a material for a wooden house - it is an expensive building material.
And the production method - gluing together plates that they process separately - already indicates that this material is not made from solid wood. And why do we need glued slabs instead of solid ones? wooden walls?
And what kind of glue are they attached with, can such building materials be labeled as "environmentally friendly", and who will ensure that after a long time the glued panels do not crack and the glue breaks?
4. The best choice is a natural barrier house.
The simplest (normal) natural moisture bar is the most affordable and economical option for construction of solid wood materials.
This rod was not processed in drying chamber, so it is cheaper, and the understanding is that such a rod will naturally reach the required humidity percentage depending on the environment.
As a result, a wooden house must be built to shrink. Each wooden house requires reduction, even before drying. Although it is more expensive, the difference between the chamber dried outer layer and the less dried inner layer still causes shrinkage in the diary through certain time. And if the drying was rapid, the most aggressive, a large difference between the outer and inner layers will appear during subsequent drying.
Thus, house natural moisture under the roof for a certain period of time to allow shrinkage, without installing windows and doors and the rest of the trim.
The timber, tied in the grooves and further consolidation of the nails, under the weight of the roof and the functioning of external conditions very slowly, without external influences, reaches the level of necessary moisture and obtains a static shape, after which it will be possible to begin the final future home.
This process will take anywhere from six months to one year, depending on the time of year in which the logframe was created. The summer decline is faster.
Working with a bar is not particularly difficult for experienced carpenters. Such material in a geometrically correct wood shape allows for a complex design in a house without significantly increasing the cost of the project's complexity.
For example, in last years developers are very popular with developers in the house. 
The mover is extra room in the house, part of the facade that extends over his plane, a figured “bulge” in the wall of the house, which greatly facilitates the appearance.
The bay window can be square or polygonal. Erks are usually decorated with glazing, sometimes from top to bottom, have a single and full height Houses. Home from the bar you can decorate panoramic window in the living room or other areas of the house, and then your wooden house will stand out from other square buildings.
And if you add it to your attic balcony, porch or entry deck, your home will give you significant visual respect at a low cost.
So, if you build a house from a bar, you will get an eco-friendly apartment with a natural indoor environment.
In addition, it does not require additional external and internal connections, since the structure of the wooden walls itself is an internal decoration. The route of geometric simplicity allows you to dream up the complexity of the project without significantly increasing the price of this complexity. 
The size of the house should be selected without special switching, so as not to waste extra cubic meters of wood and heating the house in the future.
How to build a house with your own hands
This is quite reasonable if such a house has a common space for all family members - a living room, kitchen, bathroom and several bedrooms for family members. On the second, attic floor, which is first built as an attic, bedrooms can be arranged, then it can be allocated, and then the second floor will be suitable throughout the year.
So for an average family of 3-4 people, this would be quite a home from a 6x6 or 7x7 bar from a loft. The dimensions of the house should be chosen according to the budget for the building. And if a wooden house is decorated with verandas at the entrance, there is a panoramic window in one of the rooms and a balcony in the attic, but your new house with its compact size, it does not look like a “budget” built during the years of crisis.
It is useful if such a wooden house is treated with an antiseptic during construction, this is for a budget project, but it will help extend the life of the house because you do not need it for one generation.
In order for construction costs to be reasonable, they should be considered in every average enterprise, where labor costs are not included, road maintenance costs in the form of city center offices, television advertising, etc. It would be better if if this company is from the provinces of Russia, which employs qualified and experienced carpenters who build not only houses from wood, but logs by hand - a sign of a high caliber of carpenters, because they know a lot about wood, they know how to work with wood and above, they live in these wooden houses with rye aeneas and are hereditary craftsmen.
Even if the crisis is over and you want to build a bigger, more successful home on your website, your “crisis home” can still be useful to you in the future.
This did not spoil the view of their simplicity of the entire landscape, and the guest house, which is not ashamed of settling the whole family separately, is too for a long time. And if the child grows up and wants to live "separate" from you, but close, then this house still served as a good bend that became a refuge for the future of a young family that could also become a bloodline for reproduction.
Thus, wooden house from natural humidity bar- the best option for construction during a crisis.
The fact that the house needs some time reduction, there are certain advantages because the construction will not happen in a rush like "truth, feel, slow" ... until the end, you will have time to reassess the state of your finances and take into account that they will complete the final stage of construction: either afford or finish something else or simplify work at the front.
Good luck in the future, and don't be shy without having experience in these matters. Experience is companies that have come to life and arrived on time, every time they start with this. As a famous military leader once said: “The main thing is to get involved in battle...”.
Before you start building your own wooden house, check out these materials:
Take a closer look at the rounded logs. They can pleasantly surprise you, because construction will go quickly. And the appearance of the house will make the neighbors jealous.
It is also an environmentally friendly material.
How a rounded beam is created
Several stages can be distinguished. So, first of all, trees that are suitable for log production are selected. They are pre-peeled. If it turns out that the tree trunk is not straight enough, then the axis is straightened. And after that, the prepared logs are loaded into rounding machine. He mills the gutter.
In addition, manipulations with the unloading puzzle are also performed.
The final stage is trimming. It runs along the entire length of the log. Milling of locks is also carried out. That's it, the material is ready.
Now comes the quality check.
Before the logs are sold, the structures are assembled and flaws in the frame are looked for. And after that the processing occurs. Antiseptic agents are used for it, and they are also treated with drugs to increase the fire-resistant properties of the wood.
Assembling a log house from rounded logs with your own hands: detailed video
Most often these are coniferous trees. This choice is dictated by the fact that they are slim and tall. The logs from them are smooth and do not require additional leveling.
Read also: How to build a house from laminated veneer lumber with your own hands
Log rounding can be of several types:
- Movable cutter. This is a very accurate method. The grooves converge almost without flaws. This precision saves time. You can build a house much faster than using logs processed by other methods.
But one of the conditions for such processing is the use of dried materials. The logs must go through the drying stage.
- Fixed cutter.
This method is an order of magnitude worse than the previous one. The fact is that the cutter stands still and some flaws are possible when processing logs. But it is a fairly fast method.
- Rotary technology. The logs are pulled through a rotor system. The productivity is quite high, but, as with the fixed cutter method, quality is lost.
Preparation for construction
Before you plunge headlong into construction, you need to prepare very carefully.
At the first stage, you need to collect as much information as possible about what materials are suitable for your home, learn about the features, pros and cons, and clarify possible nuances. After that, find reliable suppliers and builders. It is worth remembering that, in addition to the installation itself, a lot of effort will be required to coordinate the project and quite important stage– commissioning.
So, if you have decided on the material and the choice fell on rounded logs, then you need to consider all the nuances.
According to reviews, a building made from such materials can be erected quickly and has an excellent appearance.
Compared to the background of neighboring houses, your log house will stand out and attract attention.
Read also: Which reinforcement is better to choose for a strip foundation
It must be remembered that the standard length of a rounded log should be 6 m.
And the diameter varies from 16 to 40 cm. Custom sizes are paid at an additional rate.
Starting construction
You need to decide how much material you need to build your house. There are formulas by which you can independently calculate the size and quantity of a log house you will need.
And there is an opportunity to use the services of professionals. After calculations, the order is executed.
When materials appear at the construction site, work can begin. Using rounded timber is very simple. Each log has its own clearly marked place. You can hire workers or start setting up your own 
forces.
Today there are many videos on the Internet that contain comprehensive information on how to build a house from rounded logs with your own hands. For convenience, you can immediately order the so-called house kit.
You will receive a set of building modules with geometric parameters already specified. A shallow strip foundation is suitable for such a building.
For ventilation of the underground, vents are installed in the walls of the basement. The main thing is to prevent the formation of closed spaces in the form of dead zones. After all, fresh air does not enter them, and this contributes to the formation of dampness and the development of mold and harmful microorganisms.
It is also necessary to think about ways to insulate the floor.
In addition to modern trends, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the climatic zone where the house is being built. To ensure that the floor does not absorb moisture and lasts a long time, it is necessary to consider waterproofing.
After finishing construction, you need to wait a little. The house must shrink. This is due to the fact that even dried wood has natural moisture.
The walls settle by 4-5 cm. It must be taken into account that loaded logs shrink more and much faster. This is not dangerous if the project provides for all the nuances. Therefore, you need to take the choice of designers very seriously and ask questions on every point, taking into account even the slightest nuances.
And after that it was time to start finishing.
You can also additionally treat the walls against various wood diseases and harmful microorganisms. In addition, it will not be superfluous to additional protection from fire.
Read also: Which insulation is not chewed by mice and rats
A wooden house is not only convenient, but also environmentally friendly.
The materials are relatively inexpensive, but energy efficient.
Rounded logs are a chic traditional material that not only has maximum environmental friendliness, but is also quite convenient for the quick construction of small buildings.
It has a natural appearance, durability and wear resistance, and if all technologies are followed, it is in no way inferior in comfort to modern cottages made from other materials.
- Some, looking at such houses, have a strong association with the ancient village hut, stereotypes appear.
The similarity is only external, since the design of these houses, with all its simplicity, assumes the presence of all communications and amenities
- IN standard house 2 families can live here on 36 sq.m., without experiencing overcrowding or similar problems.
In addition, a log house can be built by a small team of workers or even independently; practice shows that it is quite possible to fit it in in the shortest possible time
The beauty of such buildings is recognized by everyone: correct round form material and its high-quality polishing make the finished building neat and eye-catching. This circumstance will help save time and money: the walls do not need additional finishing, since they already have all the valuable properties.
- A hand-cut house is a more expensive pleasure, but not always of better quality
- The pleasant and warm color of the wood always pleases the eye, and the thoughtful shape of the logs makes them very easy to stack on top of each other: the help of the team highly qualified you obviously don't need it
However, log houses have their drawbacks, which are important to work out in time.
Shrinkage
The main disadvantage of houses made of rounded logs is shrinkage, since all finishing is done upon completion of this process.
The height of the house may well decrease by 7 percent, while this parameter will greatly depend on humidity and weather conditions.
The most simple solution will cover the roof with roofing felt and immediately suspend construction for about six months.
Of course, many ignore these points or prefer to leave the house as is, but truly durable and beautiful building such a plan will be implemented only if these requirements are met.
It is important, however, to note that when working with rounded logs, this problem will affect you to a relatively small extent: shrinkage is much stronger for boards and logs of natural moisture, and it is also more significant for any type of timber.
- You won’t be able to move into a house immediately after construction, but you can start interior work you can immediately
- If the log is properly dried, you will not have problems like significant changes geometric shape.
Naturally, the walls need to be caulked, and sometimes some cracks need to be sealed again, but this is not so difficult to do
- Shrinkage can last up to two years; a log, for example, 240 mm long can reach a diameter of 220 mm
Construction standards, as a rule, establish certain values within which the percentage of shrinkage must remain.
A separate option is the so-called chamber-drying log, which has reduced shrinkage.
The resin is evaporated from the material in special ovens, and a longer heat treatment occurs. This alternative is significantly more expensive, but it has no torsional defects, and the grooves experience virtually no significant deformation.
There are also wet wood species that have such a specific density that they do not crack under any conditions. One of the most prominent representatives here is the Arkhangelsk pine.
In order to avoid cracks, it is also necessary to gradually put the house into operation, since these phenomena are largely associated with incorrect heating.
DIY log house
Treating the ends with PVA glue or lime will help improve moisture release and the log will dry more evenly.
Care
Construction made from rounded logs requires some care. The material itself is good, but it needs to be cleaned and processed.
Many compounds, for example, fire retardants, suffer greatly from rain and other influences, so the coatings will have to be renewed periodically.
The easiest way is to decorate the house with siding or tiling, but there is no point in natural look In this case, there will be no more logs. Therefore, they usually use stain or varnish; unfortunately, they retain their properties for no more than 3-4 years, no more.
The rounded log is also exposed to direct sun rays, this is not again in the best possible way affects the condition of the coatings.
- Without proper treatment, a variety of pests can appear in the tree.
In case of construction in summer season The first outer layer of antiseptic should be applied after about 2 weeks
- In winter, this procedure can only be carried out at above-zero temperatures; it is even advisable to wait until spring and start working at about +10
- Impregnations are best applied using a spray gun: for 3-4 months they will protect the house from pests, fungi and mold
After this period, you can cover the wood with layers of coloring composition.
This is where the treatment ends: indoors you need to repeat approximately the same thing using a water-based antiseptic.
The wood tends to darken and become covered with gray or blue spots.
If this still cannot be avoided, purchase special remedy for whitening: chloride-based powder.
A thin layer of such a substance will help you quickly return to natural light shade any wood. If desired, you can get rid of the darkened layer using a grinding machine, removing a layer of about 1-2 mm.
Living conditions
Log - pretty warm material, but if you want to do without additional insulation finishing, you will have to think through some nuances.
Long-term living, especially in cold winter conditions, requires housing with fairly thick walls.
A truly warm wooden house should be made of logs of about 60-70 cm, and they are relatively rarely used in modern practice.
Working manually, you can turn material of a larger diameter, but conveyor products can rarely afford this.
At the same time, at the junction of the logs, the thickness reaches up to 10 cm along the minimum border; it is not for nothing that in Russian huts they traditionally sleep on stoves. Sandwich panels, for example, clearly win in this matter.
For houses made of thin logs without glued insulation, in most cases they will require heating using a stove, and this is hardly a method that can be called economical in terms of energy costs.
- For normal life, it is worth taking into account all heat leaks at the time of design.
- The total share of energy losses through the roof and floors of the first floor is up to 23%, which should not be overlooked
- The cubic capacity of the house is of great importance: when large volume the thickness of the walls should be increased proportionately
A rounded log, like any other, burns well, especially if it is well dried.
For this reason, wiring always causes certain concerns. In combination with humidity, this moment is one of the main risks for a possible fire: it is inappropriate to overload networks or skimp on sockets.
Not every craftsman can make adequate hidden wiring; some experience will be required, since even in the case of laminated timber it is much simpler.
Disadvantages of houses made of rounded logs
Collocations
1. Replace the phrase “battles of Paris”, built on the basis of agreement, synonymous phrase with connection control.
2. "looked with respect" a phrase with a connection adjacency.
3. "mother's tears" a phrase with a connection coordination.
4. « cushion» a phrase with a connection control.
5. "theater yard" a phrase with a connection control.
"duck's nest" a phrase with a connection control.
7. " dog soul» phrase with connection control.
8. "childish glee" a phrase with a connection control.
9. "drey" a phrase with a connection control.
"kitchen door" a phrase with a connection coordination.
11. "said mockingly" a phrase with a connection control.
12. "music club" a phrase with a connection control.
13. « human life» a phrase with a connection control.
14. "to Alka's house" a phrase with a connection control.
"daddy's hand" a phrase with a connection control.
16. "sleepless nights" a phrase with a connection control.
"on the coastal sand" a phrase with a connection control.
18. "started reading" a phrase with a connection adjacency
19. "rocket tail" a phrase with a connection control.
20. "iron stove" a phrase with a connection control.
21. "Gleb's power" a phrase with a connection control.
"children's books" a phrase with a connection control.
23. "music of the stars" a phrase with a connection coordination.
24. "Golubkinsky conscience" a phrase with a connection control.
"temporarily closed" a phrase with a connection control.
26. "car headlights" a phrase with a connection coordination.
27. "got out carefully" a phrase with a connection control.
28. "steppe snowstorms" a phrase with a connection control.
29. "evening cool" a phrase with a connection control.
"neighbor's garden" a phrase with a connection control.
31. "in a crystal vase" a phrase with a connection control.
32. "to the iron gates" a phrase with a connection control.
33. "gently strokes" a phrase with a connection control.
"grandfather's favorite" a phrase with a connection control.
35. « book Shop» a phrase with a connection control.
36. "He winced in annoyance" a phrase with a connection control.
"father's face" a phrase with a connection control.
38. "bumblebee buzz" a phrase with a connection control.
39. "wooden bench" a phrase with a connection control.
40. "Kids toys" a phrase with a connection control.
41. « brick house» a phrase with a connection control.
42. "said with suffering" a phrase with a connection adjacency.
"after morning jog" a phrase with a connection adjacency.
44. "school everyday life" a phrase with a connection control.
45. "plank barn" a phrase with a connection control.
46. "looked mischievously" a phrase with a connection control.
47. "willingly squeezes" a phrase with a connection control.
48. "world of poetry" a phrase with a connection coordination.
"Oil Scams" a phrase with a connection control.
50. "matchbox" a phrase with a connection coordination.
51. "folk melody" a phrase with a connection control.
52. "Mom's advice" a phrase with a connection control.
53. "said joyfully" a phrase with a connection control.
54. "down hat" a phrase with a connection control.
55. "furnace air" synonymous phrase with connection coordination.
"people's grief" a phrase with a connection control.
57. "father's court" a phrase with a connection coordination.
58. « log cabin» a phrase with a connection control.
59. "Teddy bear" a phrase with a connection control.
"German tanks" a phrase with a connection control.
61. "wooden cover" a phrase with a connection control.
62. "tin can" a phrase with a connection control.
63. "poplar branch" a phrase with a connection control.
64. « bookshelves» a phrase with a connection control.
65. "concrete road" a phrase with a connection control.
66. "cloth blanket" a phrase with a connection control.
"paper flags" a phrase with a connection coordination.
68. "ship deck" a phrase with a connection coordination.
69. "to express in words" a phrase with a connection adjacency.
70. « stone plate» a phrase with a connection control.
71. "be humorous" a phrase with a connection control.
72. "hit with force" a phrase with a connection adjacency.
"steel color" a phrase with a connection control.
74. "May morning" a phrase with a connection control.
75. "nightingale songs" a phrase with a connection control.
76. « concrete wall» a phrase with a connection control.
"in canvas pants" a phrase with a connection control.
78. "sea shore" a phrase with a connection coordination.
79. "army headquarters" a phrase with a connection coordination.
"bottom of the well" a phrase with a connection coordination.
81. "knew perfectly well" a phrase with a connection agreement.
82. "stretches persistently" a phrase with a connection control
83. "flock of geese" a phrase with a connection coordination.
"Mom's album" a phrase with a connection control.
85. "in the restaurant hall" a phrase with a connection control.
86. "children's library" a phrase with a connection control.
"human faith" a phrase with a connection control.
88. "school doctor" a phrase with a connection control.
89. "I read with enthusiasm" a phrase with a connection control.
90. "dog's mouth" a phrase with a connection coordination.
"respectfully named" a phrase with a connection control.
92. "lace scarf" a phrase with a connection control.
"velvet ears" a phrase with a connection control.
94. "wooden seats" a phrase with a connection control.
95. "speaks joyfully" a phrase with a connection control.
"school door" a phrase with a connection control.
97. "in the waterways" a phrase with a connection control.
98. "Daddy's boss" a phrase with a connection control.
99. "pleasedly reported" a phrase with a connection control.
100. "at the children's camp" a phrase with a connection control.
101. "paper pigeons" a phrase with a connection control.
"news from the front" a phrase with a connection coordination
103. "ship whistle" a phrase with a connection coordination.
104. "student choir" a phrase with a connection control.
105. "porcelain dogs" a phrase with a connection control.
107. “threw away without ceremony” a phrase with a connection adjacency.
108. "pleasedly reported" a phrase with a connection control.
109. "iron lever" a phrase with a connection control.
Bathhouse and log house: do-it-yourself construction technology
"Lala's beauty" a phrase with a connection control.
111. « wooden box» a phrase with a connection control.
112. "marble columns" a phrase with a connection control.
113. « fir cones» a phrase with a connection control.
114. "Lucina's mom" a phrase with a connection control.
115. "temporarily disappeared" a phrase with a connection control.
"Sanka's feelings" a phrase with a connection control.
117. "Pushkin's house" a phrase with a connection coordination.
118. "ears of rye" a phrase with a connection coordination.
119. "school hall" a phrase with a connection control.
120. "strings on a violin" a phrase with a connection coordination.
"morning running" a phrase with a connection adjacency.
122. "slate wigwams" a phrase with a connection control.
123. "coffee mill" a phrase with a connection control.
124. "Deputy son" a phrase with a connection control.
"French cheese" a phrase with a connection control.
126. "stone elephants" a phrase with a connection control.
127. "Mom's name day" a phrase with a connection control.
128. "sleepless nights" a phrase with a connection control.
129. "sheet of paper" a phrase with a connection control.
« (in) a military environment" a phrase with a connection control.
131. "raindrops" a phrase with a connection control.
"fish soup" a phrase with a connection control.
133. "silver ring" a phrase with a connection control.
134. "fanged mouth" a phrase with a connection control.
135. "(to) the steps of soldiers" a phrase with a connection coordination.
"flower shop" a phrase with a connection control.
137. "in the words of Roman" a phrase with a connection coordination.
138. "human steps" a phrase with a connection control.
139. "master's affection" a phrase with a connection control.
"wooden fence" a phrase with a connection control.
There are situations in life when you need to clean your apartment quickly and efficiently. Many housewives are lost, not knowing where to start the process. As a result, cleaning takes a long time or does not bring the desired result.
To achieve maximum effect, you need to tune in to a positive wave and draw up a rough action plan, noting for yourself the areas that require special attention. Such simple tips are suitable for both superficial and spring cleaning. How to quickly clean the house in a short time?
Emotional mood
A good mood is an important component of quick and effective cleaning.
You need to ensure that you are in the right emotional state. Don't think of cleaning as something negative and taking up valuable time. Think of it as a great opportunity to make your home clean, tidy and cozy.
To make cleaning more fun, turn on your favorite music.
You won’t even notice how quickly and cleanly, and most importantly, how easily you clean the room.
How to build a log house
Involve your family members in the process by organizing a competition or quest, coming up with an unusual reward for a job well done.
When starting cleaning, set the time within which you need to complete all processes.
This will not allow you to relax, but will only improve your concentration and increase motivation.
Preparation of tools and equipment
To make the cleaning process easier, prepare in advance necessary funds and tools:
- Household chemicals (for washing plumbing fixtures, dishes, glass, etc.) will help you quickly and effectively get rid of dirt and also carry out disinfection.
Use medications according to instructions.
- Polish for dust removal. This product will not only effectively clean surfaces, but will also prevent the accumulation of dirt in the future.
- A soft microfiber cloth for wiping off dust, double-sided foam scourers for plumbing fixtures, a rubber scraper for glass and mirrors.
- For the floor, you will need a vacuum cleaner (indispensable in rooms with carpet), a broom and dustpan (for collecting debris from linoleum or parquet), a mop and a bucket of water for wet cleaning.
Kitchen cleaning
Start cleaning the kitchen by putting things in general order.
Place plates and cups in place, and move oven mitts and towels out of sight. Remember, the fewer items on the table, the neater the room looks.
Wash all the dishes that are collected in the sink. If you are the happy owner of a dishwasher, turn it on.
Otherwise, before guests arrive, just put the dishes neatly in a cabinet and deal with them later.
Wipe down all surfaces in the kitchen - table, countertops and open shelves. Remove crumbs, dust and other contaminants. Then wipe all kitchen appliances– the top and door of the refrigerator, microwave oven, stove, etc. Remove surface dirt, small particles of grease and dust. Leave more detailed cleaning for general cleaning.
Sweep the floor, starting from the far corner and gradually moving towards the threshold.
Dump the trash and mop the floor. To effectively clean the surface and give the room freshness, use special household chemicals.
Toilet and bathroom cleaning
It is extremely important to keep the restroom and bathroom clean. Start cleaning by applying a cleaner and disinfectant to your sink, bathtub, or shower stall. This will help get rid of visible dirt and refresh your plumbing. Wash the mirror using a special spray. Clean the faucets from limescale and polish them until they shine.
After cleaning the bathroom, start cleaning the toilet.
Apply disinfectant on the inner surface of the plumbing, wash thoroughly with a special brush and rinse with water several times.
Wipe the outer surface of the flush barrel and toilet bowl dry with a dry cloth. After cleaning, thoroughly mop the floor and spray with air freshener.
Cleaning the bedroom and living room
For a quick bedroom cleaning, start with the bed. Carefully tuck in the sheets, fold the blanket and arrange the pillows. Cover your sleeping area with a blanket or blanket.
Remove all things that are scattered on surfaces. Place clean clothes in the closet and place dirty clothes in the laundry basket.
Place cosmetics and personal care items in drawers dressing table. Place the books on the shelves, and return all the dishes to their rightful place - to the kitchen.
Wipe all surfaces with a soft microfiber cloth to remove dirt and dust. Sweep all rubbish onto the floor. Avoid large quantity chaotic movements that will not bring results, but will take up precious time.
Finish cleaning your bedroom by vacuuming the floor.
It is important to tidy up the living room too. Place all items in their places, put excess items in the closet or bedside tables. Wipe off dust from shelves, clean glass surfaces and mirrors. Vacuum or mop the floor.
By following simple tips, you can clean your room with minimal physical effort and time.
The main thing is to maintain the right emotional mood, strictly adhere to the established time frames and action plan.
September 1, 2017Specialization: facade finishing, interior decoration, construction of cottages, garages. Experience of an amateur gardener and gardener. We also have experience in repairing cars and motorcycles. Hobbies: playing the guitar and many other things that I don’t have time for :)
Construction technology
The process of building a log house can be divided into five main stages:
Stage 1: project preparation
Designing a log house, in fact, does not contain any nuances. At this stage, as with the construction of any other house, you need to clearly imagine what the building will be like and then draw it on paper.
If you can’t decide on a layout, take the ready-made house designs on our portal as a basis.
When the dimensions and layout of the future house are known, you need to decide on the type of roof. I can personally recommend building mansard roof. This will allow you to expand at least one and a half times usable area home with virtually no increase in construction costs.
When the project is ready, count the amount of materials and draw up a diagram.
Step 2: Which log to use
Before purchasing materials, beginners are usually tormented by the question - which log is better to build a house from, rounded or chopped? The rounded log has exact shape and diameter, in addition, there is a groove in the lower part, which simplifies the laying of logs and prevents the formation of gaps between the crowns.
A chopped or debarked log has a bottom layer of bark. Thanks to the resin that coats it, it is more resistant to moisture and rot. But on the other hand, the shape of such a log is less even, which somewhat complicates construction. So does it make sense to build a house from chopped logs?
It's up to you to decide, of course. The only thing I note is that currently there are all kinds of protective impregnations that make any wood moisture-resistant and resistant to negative biological influences.
Keep in mind that to build walls, in addition to logs, you will need other materials:
- Pins for connecting the crowns of the house to each other;
- Inter-crown thermal insulation material.
Stage 3: building the foundation
The construction of a strip foundation usually takes about a third of the total budget allocated for the construction of a house. In addition, a strip foundation takes at least a month of time, or even more. Since wooden housing is lightweight, in most cases it is more advisable to build columnar foundation.
Its principle is the construction of block or brick pillars on a sand-crushed stone bed. The distance between the posts, which are installed in rows, is one and a half to two meters. From above, all the columns are connected by a grillage (beams).
For unstable soils and uneven areas it is better to use pile-screw foundation. The principle of its design is even simpler - metal drill piles are screwed into the ground, which are connected on top by beams.
The price of these foundations is an order of magnitude less strip base. However, they have one significant drawback - they do not allow you to create a basement or cellar under the house. Therefore, to build an underground room, you will still have to make a strip foundation.
Regardless of what kind of foundation you build, be sure to provide horizontal waterproofing to protect the walls from moisture.
Stage 4: building walls
After preparing the foundation, we proceed to the main stage - the construction of the log walls. The instructions look like this:
| Illustrations | Description of actions |
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Laying the first crown:
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Laying subsequent crowns:
Thus, install dowels in transverse and longitudinal logs through a row.
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Cutting openings:
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At this point, the construction of the walls is completed.
Stage 5: erecting the roof
Now you need to lay the floors and install the roof. Work should begin with the gables, which are built from logs in a “pyramid” manner according to the same principle as the walls. To connect them and give rigidity to the structure, several purlins should be used.
Further work is carried out as standard, i.e. as with the construction of any other houses.
Conclusion
We figured out the main points of construction timber house, otherwise you shouldn’t have any problems. The only thing I recommend is to additionally watch the video in this article. If you haven’t found the answer to any of your questions, leave it in the comments and I will be happy to answer you.
September 1, 2017If you want to express gratitude, add a clarification or objection, or ask the author something - add a comment or say thank you!
In this article we will look at how to make a house from a log with your own hands, which will not be inferior in beauty and functionality to a structure made by specialists.
Modern technologies
If you have a question about how to build a house from a log, we recommend reading this material. The most popular thing is to build a house from rounded logs. There is an explanation for this:
- This type of building material undergoes preliminary mechanical processing, due to which each trunk has the same size.
- The length of the logs is adjusted according to the customer’s project, and with the help of laser equipment a connection is made on each trunk with great precision. Thanks to this, there is practically no manual adjustment, and the frame is assembled as if from parts of a construction set.
Where to begin?
Of course, from the project. Some limitation to the flight of fancy for creating your own project can be the size of the logs - they have a certain length. Therefore, you first need to take an interest in what is sold in your area, since the standard length of logs is 6 m, and the maximum can reach 13 m, but this is only possible when purchasing Siberian larch.
However, if your knowledge of design is superficial, then it is better not to experiment, as mistakes can be very costly, to the point that the house may become uninhabitable. What to do?
There are many ready-made projects on the vast expanses of the Internet - some can be downloaded for free, others are sold. The second option is more reliable, since everything is calculated down to the smallest detail by specialists. Whatever route you take, before you build a log house, you need to have a clear idea of the size of the house and the number of floors. This will help you decide what kind of foundation you need.
Choosing a foundation
The lifespan of a house built from logs depends on how strong the foundation is. The undoubted advantage of a wooden house is its light weight, due to which there is no need to make an overly powerful foundation. Its structure may be different, but the foundation must be built in accordance with all standards of strength and reliability. Let's consider several options suitable for this purpose:
- Shallow strip foundation.
- Columnar foundation.
- Pile foundation.
- Slab foundation.
The most common is strip foundation. This is followed by columnar and pile foundations, but in cases where the soil is too loose and wet, the last option remains - installing a slab foundation. This costs more, but even if a log house “floats”, it will only be with the slab. In any case, before deciding what kind of foundation to make, you need to “get to know” the soil.
After completing the work, carefully check the levelness of the base surface using a hydraulic level. If the difference is more than 1 cm, then it must be leveled with cement mortar or waterproofing.
Material selection
Even a child will answer the question about which tree is the most resinous - well, who doesn’t remember how hard it is to wash your hands after you grab the trunk. Someone may have less pleasant, but vivid memories of resin - sitting on a bench, from the boards of which this liquid was released, sticking to everything it came into contact with. Undoubtedly, the most resinous logs are those from coniferous trees.
Due to the fact that this wood contains a lot of resin, it is less susceptible to rotting. In addition, the trunks of coniferous trees are straight, and this is one of the most important factors for building a wooden house, so, given the low cost of this material, we will choose it.
If you wish and have the funds, you can purchase larch beams, which have a very beautiful texture, they are strong and durable, but very expensive.
Stages of work
For any house, and especially for a wooden one, the building material must be well insulated from moisture. First of all, the concrete is coated with molten bitumen. Before laying the first crown, lay at least 2 layers of waterproofing on the foundation (in addition, you can install it once with “glass insulation”). Then there is a laying board, and on top there is another layer of waterproofing, which must be laid in such a way that all layers extend 25 cm beyond the edge of the foundation on all sides.
The timber must be prepared in advance, even when unloading the timber onto the site. You need logs that are as smooth as possible, with a minimum number of knots and without blue stains. The forest is selected based on its annual rings - the one with the most rings is the densest. Make sure this is the central part of the tree. This can be determined by the location of the center point on the cut of the log.
Be sure to coat the selected wood several times with liquid bitumen mastic (this composition is achieved by mixing with used machine oil), leaving the ends untouched, since moisture will escape through them. This will help to saturate the timber as much as possible, thereby significantly increasing the service life of the crown before it is replaced.
If the log is slightly curved, then it should be laid with its straight edge down. Secure the beams with metal dowels, which need to be driven to a depth of 3 cm.
Next, the house is assembled from blanks, which is not particularly difficult. While maintaining the sequence of laying, the logs must be laid on top of each other, but before laying the next logs, attach tape insulation made of jute, hemp or tow to the longitudinal groove.
It is important to securely fasten the timber near window openings and doors. This is done using a dowel - a wooden stake that connects 2-3 logs. Before securing the log, check its position relative to the wall. Secure it with nails by driving them into the sides.
This will prevent the log from moving when drilling it with a hammer drill with a long drill, the diameter of which should be 5 mm smaller than the dowel used. That is, if the drill is Ø 20 mm, then the dowel should be Ø 25 mm. Tightly driven dowels firmly hold the logs together, making the frame strong.
Video
This video talks about building a house from logs.
If you want to build your own house, then it is better to give preference to wood. Wooden cottage has many advantages, such as the environmental friendliness of the building, its durability and reliability, as well as the low thermal conductivity of the log walls, which ensures an ideal microclimate in the house. As a result, being in a log house is not only comfortable and pleasant, but also useful. However, a completely reasonable question arises for those who chose logs as a building material - how to build a log house and at the same time carry out all the work correctly, so that the log house subsequently becomes a family nest for many decades.
About how to build a wooden house from a log yourself and what you should pay attention to during installation, see the material below with a detailed video.
Types of logs for construction
In order to build a log cottage, you can use two types of logs:
- Chopped wood. This round timber (log) is processed exclusively by hand with an axe. During processing, only the top layer is removed - the bark without interfering with the bast layer. As a result, wood is the building material that is most resistant to external influences. However, a chopped log has a difference in cross-sections along its entire length. That's why construction log house from a log frame is more labor-intensive and expensive. After all, here you have to not only process the wood manually, but also correctly alternate the round timber at the ends in such a way as to compensate for differences in diameters and make the wall and crowns as horizontally even as possible. In addition, the installation of a house made of such material will take years, not only because of the complexity of laying the logs. Here you will also have to give the log time to shrink, since at the time of work its humidity is close to 30%. During the drying of the tree, the cottage will shrink by 5-7%.
- Rounded log. This type of wood is processed in production by removing its bark, bast and the next layer - sapwood. All knots and resin pockets are also removed. In addition, it is by industrial method that the log is given a single cross-section along its entire length. The finished log is treated with antiseptics and fire retardants to make it more resistant to burning, rotting and mold. Rounded round timber has a cross-section from 18 to 30 cm, while chopped logs can have a larger cross-section. In addition, rounded logs are less resistant to external factors.
Important: construction technology log houses with your own hands from both types of round timber is identical. Therefore, the choice of the type of wood for assembling a house depends only on its price. And thanks the decision taken You can already imagine how much it costs to build a house from a log.
Technologies and cost of installing a log house
The final cost of installing a log house depends on several factors:
- Type of log that will be used in the work (chopped or rounded);
- Wood diameter (the larger, the more expensive);
- House installation technology;
- Complex of work performed.
As for the technology of installing a cottage, there are two ways to build a house:
- The first is to assemble a house from logs without window or door openings. Then the house is given time to shrink (1-1.5 years), after which all openings are cut out and the walls are caulked. This method is considered more labor-intensive and expensive, although it is very profitable from the point of view of the correctness and strength of installation.
- The second method involves installing the house immediately with window and doorways. From a financial point of view, this technology is more profitable, however, when the house shrinks, it can suffer greatly and then the shortcomings will have to be corrected.
Regarding the cost of a log house, I would like to note that if the cottage is assembled by professionals from chopped logs, and this will include work on the foundation and subsequent finishing, then construction will cost 1000 USD. e per m2. A house made of rounded logs with the same range of services will cost 700 U.E./m2. If you are trying to understand how to build a house from a log with your own hands and want to do the work yourself, then construction here will cost 280-350 U.E./m2 for rounded wood, and 370-450 U.E./m2 for chopped wood
Important: the complexity of the house project will also affect the cost of the work. Therefore, for self-assembly of a log cottage, it is better to select a standard project. A one-story house with a competent arrangement of premises will be an excellent solution.
Important points when working with logs
In order for the construction of a log house to be successful, it is necessary to adhere to the basic recommendations from professionals. Only if you follow these tips will the finished house stand long and strong.
- So, first you need to choose the right log. It is better to buy wood from trusted suppliers. At the same time, it is most profitable to buy pine or spruce for construction. The latter is excellent for installing internal partitions at home.
- It is advisable to buy wood harvested in winter. The log in this case will be more durable and strong.
- The diameter of the log depends on the climatic zone of the building site. The harsher the winters in the region, the thicker the log you need to take.
- The laying of logs in the corners is done “in a bowl” or “in a paw”. The first method requires higher flow material, but provides warm corners to the house. As a result, the microclimate in the log house will be optimal. The second method saves building material, but makes the finished house colder, since it is the corners that are weak point wooden log houses.
- IN mandatory the house should be insulated between the crowns. For this, jute, tow, flax or moss are used. The last one is the most the best option, since it does not rot, changes the level of humidity along with the tree, and is also not of interest to birds and insects.
- roof and internal wiring communications are carried out only after the house has completely settled.
Important: for the beauty of the finished cottage, after it has settled, you can sand the log and varnish it.
We carry out the work
House foundation
For a log house, it is best to use a shallow strip foundation, but provided that the soil on the site is not heaving. The trench is dug according to the design parameters of the house, and the depth is increased by 20 cm for a sand cushion. Sand is poured into the bottom of the trench and compacted well. Then formwork made of polished boards is installed. Roofing felt is laid on the bottom and walls of the formwork to waterproof the base from the bottom and walls. After this, a reinforcing mesh of steel rods is installed and concrete mortar is poured. The finished and dried foundation is covered with bitumen mastic on top. Don’t forget to make vents in the base to ventilate the wooden subfloor. The holes are installed at the pouring stage in the upper part of the base on all four sides of the house.
Important: the reinforcement for the foundation should only be welded, but not knitted. And at the corners of the foundation, the rods should only be bent, and not tied at right angles. This technology will ensure the solidity of the foundation.
For heaving soil, a columnar foundation is made. In this case, supports are installed at all corners of the building, under load-bearing walls and at the junction of partitions. The supports are poured by analogy with a monolithic tape base. Then the support pillars are connected with a metal or concrete grillage with mandatory waterproofing.
We mount the walls
- The walls of the log house must be erected on a backing board. That is, do not lay the log directly on the concrete, but first lay a linden or larch board with a cross-section of 150x50 mm. In this case, the backing board is securely fixed to the foundation using anchors.
- The logs of the first crown must be cut from the bottom so that an end is formed. It is on this that the first crown should be mounted.
Important: the factory rounded log already has such an end. If it is noted that such logs are missing, then you should contact the manufacturer to replace the lower crown of the log house.
- Laying out the first log crown is carried out by laying two opposite logs. They are leveled horizontally, and then two perpendicular cut logs are laid. As a rule, round timber already has end bowls for mounting the corners “into the bowl”. In a similar way, the walls are adjusted in height. All grooves in the corners and between are filled with insulation so that it protrudes outward. Then it is caulked into the resulting cracks.
- It is worth remembering that log crowns must be additionally fixed wooden dowels. These are rods made of hard wood. They are driven into holes drilled in the crowns. Holes are drilled every three rows of laid crowns to their entire depth. In this case, the dowels should be positioned offset relative to the lower dowels (that is, in a checkerboard pattern). The holes for the dowels are made slightly smaller than the diameter of the pins so that they fit into the groove as tightly as possible. In this case, the last two crowns are not fixed with dowels. This technology will allow the house to sit correctly and with the least distortion. The assembled body is covered with film and left to shrink.
Important: fastening crowns with metal nails is strictly prohibited.
Floor in the log house
The floor in a wooden house should rest on joists. They must be mounted in the lower crown of the house or in the next one after it. That is, cuts are made in the log that will neatly and end-to-end cover the logs laid in increments of 50-70 cm. Do not forget to waterproof the logs at the joints with the log. And along the perimeter of the house additional support pedestals are made for them. Insulation is laid between the joists and the floor is covered with tongue and groove boards.
Log roof
As soon as the house is well settled and settled, you can install the roof of the house. To do this, the upper crown of the house is covered with a mauerlat (beam for rafters). Then cuts are made in it in increments of 60 cm at the desired angle. The rafters are mounted into the resulting grooves and securely fastened with metal corners. All farms are connected to each other by a ridge. All that remains is to cover the rafters with lathing and cover the roof with hydro- and thermal insulation. At the very end, the roofing material is laid.
Advice: when installing a house, it is worth installing shrinkage compensators under all supporting vertical logs. This will allow the house not to change its linear contours in the area of the veranda, balcony, etc.
Fully prefabricated house caulked with protruding insulation and left in this state until complete shrinkage. Subsequently, it will be necessary to caulk the log house again. After the final shrinkage of the house, windows and doors can be installed. But they need to be mounted only in a special window frame wooden frame with compensators. Since wood tends to expand and contract under the influence of temperatures, this design will protect windows and doors from distortion and breakage.
After installing windows and doors, you can install communications in the house and celebrate a housewarming party. And rest assured, a log house, built according to all the rules, will last for decades.
The construction of a log house involves the use of various technologies. A log house can be built from chopped logs (hand-planed) or from a log house rounded on a special machine.
A log house can be built from chopped logs or from a log house rounded on a special machine.
Wood selection rules
To build a wooden house with your own hands, use various technologies. Modern construction methods make it possible to process a log house up to the desired shape, cutting a groove in the logs for subsequent fixation into crowns. Each size is adjusted to within 1 mm. Building a house (using this method) is presented in the form of a construction set. When carrying out such work, you will need to make a drawing.
If the house is being built from rounded logs, then the bark and top layers, including the sapwood, are first removed. Next stage involves treating wood with special impregnations. The diameter of each element must be more than 300 mm. The project on the basis of which the log house is being built can be purchased at finished form or do it yourself.
The price of such a building depends on the following criteria:
- number of storeys;
- material;
- complexity of the design.
The walls of an object can adjoin each other at different angles. This is due to the fact that logs can be cut into a bowl of the desired shape. Builders distinguish 2 methods of building a house:
- harvesting logs at the construction site;
- assembly of the building according to the drawing using pre-prepared rounded wood.
Method 1 is characterized by the use of wood with natural moisture. When choosing a material, its density is taken into account. Logs should have a yellow or dark yellow surface. The cut should be smooth and dense, without resin pockets. A crack in wood can have a depth of no more than 1/3 of the cut.
Preparatory work
For self-construction For a log house, you will need to buy beams, rafters, joists, roofing material, tape measure, level, buckets, boards, screws, and a screwdriver. Then the site for the future building is prepared. Wood should be stored under cover. Since the building being erected is light in weight, it will require a shallow foundation. For these purposes, experts advise pouring a pile-strip base, slab, pile or buried strip structure.
To arrange a pile-strip foundation, you will need to mark the area. Then the top layer of soil is removed. A recess with a depth of 30 cm is made across the width of the structure. Wells are installed along the perimeter of the building, the diameter of which is 180 mm and the depth is 150 cm. A layer of crushed stone and sand is poured into each well. A frame is prepared from the reinforcement, which is lowered into the well. The next stage involves filling the hole with concrete. A vibrator is used for compaction.
Boards are used to construct the formwork. The structure is mounted above the ground level so that it protrudes 50-60 cm. For a strip base, you will need to weld a frame that is connected to the reinforcement sticking out of the wells. The next stage involves pouring the base. If the foundation has hardened, then it is waterproofed. To do this, you will need to lay roofing material on the surface (3-4 layers), additionally coating the material with mastic.
Rules for building walls
The mortgage (1st) crown cannot be mounted on the base of a log house. A board (made of linden) is first laid on the foundation. For this, you can use timber, the thickness of which ranges from 50-100 mm, and the width - no more than 150 mm. The next stage involves assembling the frame.
Scheme for constructing walls from logs: I – cutting with the cup down; II – cutting with the cup up; III – correct placement of the log with the cup; IV – angle of the frame; 1 – processed log; 2 – groove; 3 – cup; 4 – remainder; 5 – dowel (spike).
Initially, logs (1-2 pieces) are laid on opposite walls bases (parallel to each other). Each log house has a factory longitudinal and locking gusset. The next stage involves laying the wood on the remaining 2 sides. Insulation is placed on top. The groove and recess of the bowl are filled with moss, tow, jute and other caulking material. The insulation is laid in such a way that it hangs down on all sides by 5-6 cm. To fix it, use construction stapler. Since the jute tape completely covers the groove and runs in the middle in the bowl, the material is installed in the last element in 2 pieces. The recess is filled with insulation.
2 logs are mounted on the transverse sides of the foundation. They rest on a mortgage crown. An angle of 90 degrees must be maintained between the wood. Builders advise regularly monitoring their horizontal position. The remaining crowns are installed according to a similar pattern. Some modern technologies for building a log house involve the use of dowels (for fixing the crowns).
The elements under consideration are presented in the form wooden slats made from dense wood. In each log you need to make a hole into which the dowel is inserted. The remaining 2 crowns are not fixed (for shrinkage). Factory rounded logs have holes for door and window openings.
Roof installation
The next stage involves installing the roof. Beams and rafters are included. The last elements are mounted on the logs of the upper crown. If desired, pre-lay the Mauerlat. If the project includes a veranda, then shrinkage compensators are inserted into the supporting frame (vertical). To prevent the structure from skewing, each vertical log is equipped with the last elements.
Metal pins are used to connect ridge analogues. The rafters are installed in increments of 600 mm. To do this, you will need a beam with a cross section of 50x200 mm. To fix the structure to the last crown, apply sliding supports. Waterproofing material is laid on top. When installing the sheathing, a step is followed, which depends on the type of used roofing material. The next step involves installing the roof.
Upon completion of the roof installation, you will need to caulk the insulation. This will require special tool. The material is wrapped 5-6 cm downwards, pushing it into the cracks between the crowns. The house is left in this state for a year (for its shrinkage). After the specified time, the caulking process is repeated. The resulting cracks are sealed with jute or hemp.
Some builders recommend caulking a building after its annual operation. An important point when building a log house is the installation of doors and windows. Partitions and openings are installed one year after the building is erected. Casing boxes with special fasteners are pre-installed. Windows and doors are inserted into the resulting structure. Since wood tends to expand and shrink, this process takes a long period of time.
The construction of the floor of a log house involves inserting logs into the mortgage or a subsequent crown. The last elements must be securely fastened. The mortgage crown needs good ventilation. Experts recommend installing flooring on the logs of the upper crown. At this stage, installation of various communications is carried out, including heating system, baseboards, plumbing fixtures.
If the construction of a house is made from logs of insufficient length, then joining them is allowed.