Connect the water heating of the greenhouse to the house. Installation of a solid fuel boiler

If you plan to use your greenhouses in winter period, think over a solution to the issue of organizing heating even before the first cold weather approaches. The easiest way to solve the problem is when a heating main is laid under the site. In such a situation, all that remains is to choose a place for connection and install suitable batteries in the greenhouse.

In other cases, the heating problem has to be solved on its own. There is nothing complicated about this. There are many different systems available, so you can organize the most without any problems. efficient heating, best suited specifically for your greenhouse.

Before you begin arranging any kind of heating, the greenhouse must be properly insulated.

First step. Dig a hole about 15 cm deep across the entire area of the greenhouse or at least in free places.

Second step. Cover the bottom of the pit with thermal insulation material. Foam boards are usually used.

Third step. Cover the insulation with a waterproofing film, usually polyethylene.

Fourth step. Cover the resulting “pie” with a small layer of sand, and then with the earth dug at the very beginning.

Thanks to this device, satisfactory conditions will be maintained in the greenhouse even at a temperature outside the window of -5-10 degrees. However, consider this decision It cannot be used as full heating. This is basic thermal insulation, which must be used in combination with other heating methods.

Small greenhouses can be heated using primitive air units. All the necessary elements are available at any summer cottage or are sold in a hardware store for pennies.

First step. Buy or find unnecessary ones on the farm steel pipe. A product with a length of about 250 cm and a diameter of approximately 60 cm is suitable.

Second step. Insert the end of the pipe into the greenhouse room. The second end of the pipe must be led outside. A fire is built under the “street” end of the pipe.

The street air will be heated by the flame of the fire and enter the greenhouse through the pipe. Heating is indeed very simple in its organization, but it cannot be called convenient. First, for the system to work, you need to keep the fire burning. Secondly, it will not be possible to regulate the heating intensity and temperature in the greenhouse.

Heating with gas

Gas-based heating has many advantages. On modern market There are many different units and devices with which you can organize the most efficient heating in accordance with the needs of a specific user. In addition, gas is one of the most inexpensive energy sources.

If you plan to constantly heat your greenhouses with gas, you will have to buy a boiler and lay the necessary pipes. This will require a relatively large amount of money. Additionally, you will have to spend money on installing a high-quality ventilation system.

If there is no need for a full-fledged gas heating device, buy several fuel cylinders and set up a heating system based on them.

Traditional stove heating is characterized by high efficiency and relatively simple installation. For example, you can build without any special financial investments stove with a horizontal chimney.

First step. Place the stove firebox in the vestibule of your greenhouse. Traditional brickwork is carried out.

Second step. Place a chimney under the beds or along the length of the greenhouse. It can also be laid under shelving.

Third step. Output chimney through the wall of the greenhouse. Consider placing the pipe so that it can effectively remove combustion products while passing over areas that need heating.

Place the stove so that its firebox is at a distance of at least 25-30 cm from end wall greenhouse

You can also make a stove from a metal barrel.

First step. Prepare metal barrel volume of about 250 liters. Cover the inner walls of the container with two layers of paint to prevent the material from rusting.

Second step. Mark and cut holes for the stove, chimney, drain tap(installed at the bottom) and expansion tank (placed at the top).

Third step. Weld the stove (usually a rectangular structure is made from sheet steel in accordance with the dimensions of the barrel) and install it in the container.

Fourth step. Remove the chimney from the barrel. The length of the “street” part of the pipe must be at least 500 cm.

Fifth step. Attach the expansion tank to the top of the barrel. You can buy a ready-made container or weld it yourself from sheet metal. A tank with a volume of 20-25 liters will be sufficient.

Sixth step. Weld heating units of suitable length from profile pipes measuring 400x200x15 (focus on the dimensions of the greenhouse). The pipes themselves must be laid on the ground in increments of about 120-150 cm.

Seventh step. Buy and install a hydraulic pump. The system will be heated using water, so it will not be possible to do without a pump.

Any type of wood is suitable for burning such a stove. For maximum efficiency install an electronic temperature sensor in the greenhouse, and for greater convenience, place a digital control panel in the house or other suitable place.

Simple and enough efficient heating Greenhouses can be built using an empty fire extinguisher with the top cut off.

First step. Attach a heating element (heating element) with a power of about 1 kW to the bottom of the housing. Typically, heating elements of electric samovars and other devices have similar power. similar devices, so there are problems with the search required part will not arise.

Second step. Attach the cut off top of the fire extinguisher to its body using loops.

Third step. Connect two water pipes to the fire extinguisher body. The second ends of these pipes will be connected to the heating battery. To secure the pipes, use nuts and rubber gaskets.

Fourth step. Install necessary funds automation. The optimal scheme is using a relay. For example, the MKU-48 model is suitable.

When the temperature in the greenhouse drops below the permissible value, the temperature sensor will close contacts K1 and water heating will begin. The liquid will transfer the generated heat to the greenhouse. When the water reaches the required temperature, the power to the relay will stop and the heater will turn off on its own.

You can try to make heating from a heating element and a number of pipes. Even used pipes will work. Recommended pipe sizes were given in the previous section.

Arranging such heating will require you to have skills in working with a welding machine.

For heating, a 50 liter boiler with a 2 kW heater is suitable. When heated, the liquid will rise into the expansion tank installed above, and from there it will be fed into the laid pipes. Pipes should be laid with a slight downward slope.

First step. Prepare the base for the cauldron. The functions of the base can be performed by a piece of pipe quite large diameter. A bottom with a flange must be welded to one side of such a pipe.

Second step. Connect the heating elements using an electrical wire to the working plug. The wires must be insulated.

Third step. Install a sealing gasket at the junction of the boiler body and the flange.

Fourth step. Make an expansion tank from metal sheets. A container with a volume of 25-30 liters will be sufficient. From both end sides and from the bottom of the tank, weld couplings through which the tank will be connected to the heating system and the riser of your homemade boiler.

Fifth step. Cut out the cap on the expansion tank to add water.

Sixth step. Prepare the threads on the ends heating pipes and connect the pipes into a single system.

Seventh step. Ground the boiler. Grounding is performed using a 3-core copper cable. Its two conductors are connected to the phases of the heating element. The remaining core is connected to the housing of the heating unit.

This heating device, as already noted, can be placed in a convenient corner of the greenhouse. You can also allocate a place for the boiler in another room.

Heating using "warm floor"

If there are sufficient Money you can organize heating of the greenhouse using a “warm floor”. Modern designs Heated floors are available in several variations. Suitable system select taking into account the area of the greenhouse and the basic conditions for further operation of the heating. The most commonly used systems are made in the format of a waterproof heating mat.

First step. Remove about 40 cm of soil.

Second step. Fill the bottom of the resulting depression with a layer of sifted sand. A 5-10 cm layer of backfill will be sufficient.

Third step. Place insulation in the hole. It is best to use moisture-resistant materials such as polystyrene foam, polyethylene foam, etc.

Fourth step. Place waterproofing material on the insulation. Typically polyethylene film is used.

Fifth step. Place about a 5cm layer of sand on top of the waterproofing. Moisten the backfill with water. Wet sand needs to be compacted well.

Sixth step. Lay the underfloor heating wire on top of the compacted sand backfill. Usually the heating element is laid in a “snake” pattern. Lay the cable in increments of about 15 cm.

Seventh step. Cover the installed heating system with a 5-10 cm layer of sand.

Eighth step. Lay a chain-link mesh over the backfill.

Ninth step. Fill the resulting “pie” with the previously dug soil.

To provide better quality and safe operation heating to warm floor It is recommended to connect a thermostat and a temperature control sensor.

Thus, there is nothing complicated in independently arranging the heating of a greenhouse. All you have to do is choose suitable option and do everything according to the instructions.

Good luck!

Heating a greenhouse is the key to a rich harvest

Video - Do-it-yourself heating of a greenhouse in winter

Any garden plot needs a greenhouse. It becomes even more valuable when equipped with a heating function. In it you can in early spring already grow vegetables, strawberries, herbs and seedlings. Some crops in a heated greenhouse grow even in winter time. In such a warm building it is possible to provide the necessary conditions to grow ornamental and tropical plants. We will tell you further how to independently arrange heating for a greenhouse.

There are several ways to equip heating in a greenhouse, including:

Gas.
Pechnoye.
Steam.
On hot water.
Heating using electricity.

For example, to make a heated floor, you can install an electrical circuit when building the foundation. One of the main advantages of this type of heating is that it is compact and takes up virtually no space. At the same time, it heats not only the soil, but also the air quite well.

As for heating using a heater, it has the following disadvantage. The greenhouse is heated unevenly, and there is no proper air circulation. As a result, part of the room warms up excessively, while in another part, on the contrary, there is not enough heat. How to make heating in the greenhouse in this case so that the heating is uniform? Sometimes a fan is installed, but its operation can make the air colder. In addition, using a fan increases energy costs.

Sometimes the heating of the greenhouse and the house is carried out adjacently. Before using this method, you need to make sure that the boiler provides the required pressure. In addition, the feasibility of such a step should be calculated. For example, if a greenhouse is built at a distance of 10 meters or more from the house, then you should not use a system that heats the house to heat it. Installing such a system will be unreasonably expensive. In addition, we must not forget that the greenhouse will need continuous heating, especially at night.

How to choose a heating system

The heating system will be selected correctly if the following important factors are taken into account:

Greenhouse size.
Method of heating a residential building on the site.
Own financial capabilities.

In addition, it is important to consider the type of greenhouse you have. It must match the selected heating system. For example, there is no point in installing complex expensive heating systems in greenhouses small area. They are only suitable for industrial premises.

Only competent heating calculations will allow achieving rational heat distribution. To choose the appropriate heating option, you should consider each method in more detail.

Water heating of a greenhouse

Characteristics of water heating

This heating can run on gas or electricity. Coolant in in this case is hot water flowing through laid pipes.

Water heating equipped with a closed pipe system. The coolant circulates in it, which, after giving up heat to the air, goes back into the boiler for the next heating. This process is repeated cyclically until the heating is turned off. The disadvantages of such a system include the following:

The pipes warm up very slowly.
High price.
The need to constantly monitor the heating process.

A mandatory element of a water heating system is a boiler. If the house is heated with gas, then it is most convenient to use gas to heat the greenhouse.

The water heated in the boiler is supplied by a pump to pipes laid along the walls of the greenhouse. They are made from different materials, but the most commonly used are copper, plastic and steel. For greenhouses, the second option is more suitable because plastic pipes cheap, lightweight and not susceptible to rust. This is especially true for heating the soil.

Installation of water heating

Do-it-yourself water heating of a greenhouse is accessible to everyone. Moreover, there are several options for its implementation.

First way:

You can make a heater based on an old unnecessary fire extinguisher. To do this, its top will need to be cut off.
Then a thermal electric heater is installed at the bottom of the housing, the power of which is approximately 1 kW. It can be taken, for example, from an unnecessary electric samovar.
After that, water is poured into the electric heater. For convenience, there is a removable lid at the top.
Then to the fire extinguisher body using nuts and rubber seals connects 2 water pipes from the radiator.
To automate the operation of the heater, a relay designed for a voltage of 220 volts is used. For example, you can use the MKU-48 relay. This mechanism allows you to turn off the heating when the water temperature reaches a certain level.

Second way:

A water heater can also be assembled from tubular electric heaters and old pipes. You will also need an electric welding machine. To install a heating system, you need a 50-liter boiler and an electric heater with a capacity of 2 kilowatts. It works as follows. The water gradually heats up and rises through the riser into the expansion tank.
After which the heated water enters the pipes that are laid around the perimeter of the greenhouse. They are located with a slight slope.
As a basis for the boiler, you can take a large diameter pipe, to the edge of which the bottom is welded. Electric heaters are connected to the plug using an insulated electrical cord.
Then it is necessary to carefully seal all joints between the flange and the body.
Now you need to make an expansion tank, the volume of which should be up to 28-30 liters. It can be made from pipe scraps.
After that, couplings should be welded on both edges. They are needed to connect the boiler and the riser.
A hole is cut in the tank and covered with a lid. It will be used later to top up the evaporated water.
Now a pipeline is made from metal pipes that have been threaded in advance.
The boiler body must be grounded. A three-wire wire of at least 500 volts is suitable for this. Two of the three wires go to the heater phases, and the third to the boiler body. To reduce heat loss in winter, you can use layers of foil or other material that can reflect heat.
A solid fuel boiler is usually used as a key heating element. It can be placed either in a greenhouse or in a separate room. If you place it separately, then fuel can be put into the stove without entering the greenhouse. But then you will waste the heat that comes from the working boiler itself. In this case, fuel will need to be added twice a day, no more. The fuel consumption of such a heating system is low. In addition, this boiler is fireproof, so it can not be monitored at night.

Infrared heating of greenhouses

In this case, 2 types of heat sources are used:

Infrared lamps.
Infrared heaters.

It should be noted that electricity is one of the most expensive coolants. Therefore, other types of heating are becoming more popular today. These include the PLEN heating system. Some of its advantages include:

High efficiency.
Only the soil and plants are heated, the air is not heated.
Saving.

The air in this case is heated due to the fact that the soil and the heated structure give it heat. The heater does not work constantly, so it is quite economical. It turns on only when it is necessary to maintain the required temperature. So, a thermostat can be installed in the system, with the help of which the set temperature is controlled temperature regime.

It is also important that infrared radiation does not harm people or plants at all. With the help of such heating, it is possible to create climatic conditions and temperature conditions for plants that correspond to their natural place of growth. This makes the landing very comfortable.

Air heating of greenhouses

Characteristics of air heating

In this case, air plays the role of coolant. This system works as follows:

The air is heated between the boiler and the firebox. It is then spread through the duct system.
The soil is heated by warm air coming from perforated polyethylene hoses lined around the perimeter of the greenhouse. This system is able to quickly warm up a room, regardless of its area.

Among the disadvantages, it can be noted that for normal heating it is necessary to constantly monitor the humidity of the greenhouse. After all, an increase in room temperature leads to a rapid decrease in this indicator.

Air heating installation

To create such heating you need to do the following:

Take a piece of steel tube with a diameter of 500-600 millimeters and a length of about 2-2.5 meters.
Then one end of it should be inserted into a film greenhouse or greenhouse, and a fire should be lit under the other edge. Its combustion should be constantly maintained. This is why this heating method is inconvenient.
Due to the fire, the air in the pipe quickly heats up and passes into the greenhouse. The heat will be transferred to the plants that are grown in it. This is very easy way heating

Heating a greenhouse with wood

This is one of budget options. Stoves such as Bullerjan are suitable for this purpose, as they eliminate the need to add firewood at night. Among the advantages of such heating, the following should be noted:

The room heats up quickly.
The temperature is maintained at the desired level for a long time.
Fuel efficiency.

Solar batteries

Solar batteries can be used to heat the greenhouse. The device process is as follows:

First, a hole 130-140 millimeters deep is dug in the greenhouse.
It is covered on top with a layer of heat insulator (for example, polystyrene).
Then you need to lay coarse wet sand on top.
After which all this is covered with dug earth.

Thanks to this heating method, solar energy is accumulated and maintains for a long time normal temperature in the greenhouse.

Heating a greenhouse with gas

Gas heating has one significant advantage - it is more stable in terms of supply. The arrangement of this type of heating should be approached depending on current needs. So, if in winter the greenhouse needs to be heated for just a few weeks, then you can use cylinders rather than install expensive pipelines. Only then should the room be well ventilated. After all, plants do not tolerate excess hydrocarbons in the air.

In order to eliminate combustion waste, you can install a special exhaust device. As a result, oxygen will be supplied to required quantities to ensure a complete combustion process. In addition, thanks to the presence of an exhaust hood, gas will not be released into the air. For safety reasons, it is recommended to use heating devices equipped with automatic protection, which will immediately operate when the gas supply to the burner is stopped.

Stove heating

Stove heating does not require as much expense as electric heating. You can easily build a simple greenhouse oven yourself. Moreover, this will not require large financial investments. Let's consider the design principle of one of the furnace options:

The greenhouse vestibule is lined with brick. In this case, the chimney is laid along the entire length of the room (including under the beds and shelving). It heats the greenhouse, and carbon monoxide comes out on the other side.
The stove should not stand close to the end of the greenhouse. It is recommended that the distance between them be at least 250-270 millimeters. There should be at least 150 millimeters from the bed to the top of the hog.

There are other options for the device stove heating in the greenhouse. Let's talk about one of them:

Take a barrel with a capacity of about 3 cubic meters. To prevent it from rusting, we paint it inside in two layers.
Then holes are made inside it for the chimney and stove.
After which the stove is welded and inserted into the prepared barrel. Holes are cut at the top for the expansion barrel and at the bottom for the drain valve.
Now the chimney comes out of the container. WITH outside greenhouse, a pipe 6 meters high is placed on it.
Then an expansion tank with a capacity of 20 liters, welded from a sheet of iron, is installed on top of the barrel.
Then a 40x20x1.5 profile pipe is taken and the heating is welded from it. To ensure that the soil near the roots warms up well enough, the pipes are laid out on the ground with a distance between them of approximately 1-1.3 meters.
The water in the system must circulate. To do this you need to purchase a pump. Any wood can be used as fuel.
The drain tap at the bottom of the container can be used both for drip irrigation and for draining water. In this case, climatic conditions and temperature are controlled remotely using electronic sensors installed in the greenhouse. The temperature value itself is visible on a digital display, which is convenient to install at home.

Combined heating

This method has become quite widespread. It allows you to respond very quickly to changes in operating conditions. So, for example, when there is a power outage, the heating method changes to another.

Heating greenhouses: video

Today, farmers who grow food in all seasons are interested in heating a greenhouse.

Heating the greenhouse in winter and autumn will allow you to grow various plants in any season.

You can do the greenhouse heating yourself or invite a specialist, but in any case, you first need to choose suitable look heating.

Possible heating installation projects and instructions on how to make calculations for the work are presented in the article.

Greenhouse heating options

Exists various ways heating winter greenhouse: gas, air, water, stove, electric.

All of these methods have certain advantages and disadvantages, so all systems need to be considered.

To select heating, you need to take into account the size of the greenhouse, the type of heating of the residential building on the site, financial capabilities and the type of greenhouse.

For example, there is no need to install complex, expensive heating systems suitable for industrial premises in small greenhouses.

Only correct calculation will allow you to obtain the correct heat distribution.

As already mentioned, only correct calculation will ensure high-quality heating of the winter greenhouse. The calculation is necessary to determine the volume of the heating system, the power of the boilers and the number of radiators.

Heating a polycarbonate greenhouse requires making calculations in advance and carefully.

The calculation is made based on indicators such as design parameters, temperature environment. After making the calculation, you can choose the right way heating

The result will be a heated greenhouse even in winter, when the earth and plants need warmth.

Water heating operates on the basis of electricity or gas. Electric way Suitable for heating polycarbonate greenhouses.

Heating is provided hot water flowing through a pipeline located in the ground.

This heating system is a closed arrangement of pipes in which water circulates until it cools and then enters boilers for heating.

The cycle with the boiler is repeated until the system turns off.

The water method has its disadvantages: slow heating of pipes, expensive boilers, constant monitoring.

The main component of the water system is the boiler, in which the water is heated and then pumped into the pipes. Pipes are installed in plastic, copper and steel.

The most the best option are plastic pipes, as they are lightweight, not subject to rust, and are also inexpensive.

Plastic pipes are ideal for heating the soil.

At infrared heating the winter greenhouse can be heated infrared lamp And infrared heater.

Heating a greenhouse with an infrared heater has the following advantages:

High heat transfer intensity;
Only the soil and plants are heated, but the air is not heated;
Economical, since the heater does not work constantly - it turns on at the moment when you need to maintain a certain temperature. To do this, you can install a thermostat that will control the desired temperature.

An additional advantage is the safety of infrared rays for people and plants, since natural climatic conditions are created for growing plants.

In this case important point is a competent calculation required power heating

The next type of heating is air heating, which is based on boilers. The coolant here is air.

The work is carried out according to the following principle: the air is heated between the boiler and the firebox and then distributed through the air ducts. This heating is also suitable for industrial scale.

The soil is heated by warm air, which comes from polyethylene hoses lined along the perimeter of the greenhouse structure.

This type of heating has a high heating rate, regardless of the area.

However, when using such heating, you must constantly monitor the humidity level of the greenhouse. As the temperature rises, this figure decreases.

Heating a winter greenhouse with wood is considered one of the inexpensive options.

Heating a greenhouse with wood has the following advantages: quick heating of the room, maintaining the temperature at the required level for a long time, and cost-effectiveness.

Heating with solar batteries is often used, which accumulates solar energy capable of maintaining the required temperature.

The gas heating system has stable supply, but the disadvantage is the production of hydrocarbons, which harms the plants, so it is recommended to ventilate the greenhouse.

The design of a gas heating system depends on the frequency of use.

So, for example, if the heating is turned on for a short time, then you can use cylinders without pipelines.

To eliminate combustion waste, an exhaust hood is installed, which also prevents the release of gas into the air.

When heating with gas, for safety, you need to install heating devices with automatic protection that is triggered when the gas supply to the burner is stopped.

You can organize stove heating for a winter greenhouse, which is more economical compared to electric heating. Using a stove is great for heating a polycarbonate greenhouse.

The stove can be fired with wood. The construction of the furnace can be done with your own hands without significant financial costs. The choice of stove should be made based on the scale of the greenhouse.

WITH pyrolysis boiler the heating system will be more advanced.

Installation of heating systems

Having decided on the choice of heating system, you can proceed to installation work. Below we will look at how to make heating in a greenhouse.

Water system

There are two ways to make water heating. Let's look at the first one.

As a heater, you can use an old fire extinguisher, the top of which is cut off. At the bottom you need to install an electric heater with a power of 1 kW, for example, from an electric samovar.

Then the electric heater is filled with water, and two water pipes are connected to the fire extinguisher using nuts and rubber seals.

Now let's look at the second method, which requires a 40-liter boiler and a 2 kW electric heater.

The operating principle is as follows: the water, gradually heating up, rises through the pipe into the expansion tank, then passes through a pipeline located along the perimeter of the greenhouse structure at a slope.

The boiler can be a large-diameter pipe, to the end of which the bottom must be welded.

The electric heater must be connected to the plug with an insulated electrical wire. All joints must be properly sealed.

The expansion tank can be made from pipe scraps. Tank volume – no more than 30 liters. In order to connect the boiler and riser, you need to weld couplings on both sides of the tank.

You also need to make a hole in the tank through which water will be added.

The boiler must be grounded, for which a three-core wire of at least 500 V is used. Two wires are intended for the heater phase, one for the boiler.

The key point of water heating is the ability to use solid fuel boilers, which can be located in the greenhouse or in another separate room.

If boilers are placed separately, a significant portion of the heat coming directly from the boiler is lost.

Such boilers are economical and fireproof; they are often used in industrial greenhouses.

Air system

Organize air heating easy for a greenhouse.

To do this, you will need a metal pipe with a diameter of 55 cm and a length of 2 m, one end of which is inserted into the greenhouse, and a fire is built under the other.

It is the constant maintenance of the fire that is a big disadvantage.

Due to the fire, the air in the pipe is quickly heated, which penetrates into the structure.

Heating with solar batteries

For this system, you need to make a solar battery, the power of which is calculated in advance.

To do this, you need to dig a hole 13-14 cm deep in the greenhouse and cover it thermal insulation material, for example, polystyrene or other material with good thermal insulation properties.

Then you need to lay polyethylene for waterproofing, and cover it with wet sand on top. Finally, the hole is filled in on the ground.

Such a system will provide round-the-clock heating of the greenhouse, but still cannot be the main method of heating due to the small number of sunny days.

Furnace system

To build a stove, the vestibule of the greenhouse must be lined with bricks, and the chimney must be laid along the entire length of the structure. The location of the stove should be 30 cm from the end of the greenhouse.

There is another way to construct a furnace. The calculation for it is as follows: you need a barrel with a volume of at least 3 cubic meters, in which you need to make holes for the chimney and stove. The oven base is then inserted into the hole.

Now you need to remove the chimney from the container and place a 5.5 m high pipe on it outside the greenhouse.

Then an expansion tank is installed on the barrel, and from profile pipe It is necessary to make heating by welding and lay the pipes on the ground in increments of one meter.

If you follow the instructions, there will be no difficulties during installation of the stove.

Thus, you can do any greenhouse heating with your own hands, having projects in front of you to work on. The main thing is to strictly follow the instructions and observe safety precautions.

What is the best greenhouse heating system? The one that, in terms of the ratio of pros and cons, is better suited to your case. There are no universal answers, but there are several important factors that help you make the best choice. Let's evaluate existing methods according to the following criteria:

benefits for plants;
savings on the device;
ease of creation with your own hands;
savings in operating costs;
the ability to leave unattended;
safety;
ease of maintenance.

Which greenhouse heating is best for plants?

For favorable growth of plantings, three factors are required:

optimal soil temperature so that the roots do not freeze, but also do not suffer from excessive overheating;
optimal air temperature in the greenhouse;
absence harmful products in the air, for example, carbon monoxide or toxins from burning organic waste.

Based on the sum of these factors the best system heating the greenhouse is the connection of infrared emitters that meet all requirements. In second place are heating systems laid under the ground like a heated floor. This is followed by convective heating systems with water or other coolant in the form of pipes laid around the perimeter of the greenhouse or a radiator system.

The least favorable option is air heating, since the heat spreads above the ground and unevenly, decreasing from the central axis with the laid pipe to the walls of the greenhouse.

Which greenhouse heating system is cheaper to create?

Based on the cost of creation, all options can be divided into several groups from the cheapest to the most expensive:

Made with your own hands from scrap materials. You can see our article with greenhouse heating options, videos of which demonstrate air heating systems created from old barrels and pipe scraps.
Hand-assembled from industrially manufactured products. The installation of electric IR emitters, heat pumps, heat guns or vapor-drip batteries will require the least skill. It is not particularly difficult to make an electric heated floor. Water heating will require more skills.
Connected to the home heating system. If the power of your boiler is sufficient to extend the line to a nearby greenhouse, and the temperature of the medium leaving the house is suitable for heating the air or soil in the greenhouse, then you can reduce costs by spending only on the device new branch pipes
Water (or other coolant) heating systems connected to an autonomous boiler or specially built furnace. More effective for plants, but more expensive to install, is a system that connects a system to a liquid/solid fuel boiler to return waste carbon dioxide to feed plants.
Heating systems from solar panels or heat pump.

What kind of heating in a greenhouse is better during operation?

The heated volume, the distance of the greenhouse from the house, your ability to constantly be nearby for monitoring and maintenance, and other factors determine which heating is best in a greenhouse for a particular case. Don't forget that heating, watering and ventilation must be balanced to provide plants with optimal mode development.

For reference. Heating polycarbonate greenhouse will require approximately 3 times high expenses than heating a house of the same area. This is due to large heat losses through the walls and vault and rapid cooling of the soil.

Operating costs

Solar heating systems and connections to heat pump, but their device, on the contrary, is very expensive. Of the budget systems, the cheapest is water heating with liquid fuel or solid fuel boilers.

Since the cost and availability of fuel varies from place to place, the choice of boiler should be based on local realities. The operation of gas IR emitters connected to the main gas is also inexpensive. The same propane-powered devices will be more expensive.

Electrical systems are generally more expensive, but operating costs are far from uniform. According to the increase in heating costs, they are arranged in the following order:

Warm baseboard, infrared heating film with a power of up to 200 W/m2 (with a maximum heating degree of up to 40°C).
Heating mats, heating cable, IR emitters with a power of 500-1000 kW, vapor-drip batteries.
Electric boilers, heated floors, heat guns, fan heaters, oil batteries and other equipment with a power of 1500 kW or more.

When choosing electric heating for a greenhouse, make sure that the limits allocated to the household are sufficient for the rated capacity of the system.

Automation of the heating process

When you do not have the ability to constantly monitor and regulate the heating of the greenhouse, it is better to choose systems with automatic control. This way you can even heat a greenhouse in your dacha and safely leave it on long time unattended. Automation should be assessed according to the following criteria:

the ability to automatically adjust the heating power when the outside temperature changes. To do this, the system must be equipped with a thermal controller (temperature sensor) and a programming device;
the ability to turn off equipment in emergency situations. This way you will protect the greenhouse and neighboring buildings from fires and other unpleasant consequences;
opportunity remote control. Some greenhouse heating options can be connected to the system smart home and even remotely control the process using a smartphone.

Heating system safety

Built-in automation for diagnosing emergency situations and quickly shutting down the system is a big plus. But there are other options that can be considered to improve security. The big advantage will be:

the ability to turn off the entire system immediately at the entrance or with outside greenhouses;
an automatic power supply that will break the circuit during emergency loads;
installing the boiler outside or in a sector fenced off from the plantings;
eliminating contact of water with electrical systems;
exception excessive heat polycarbonate cladding, insulation of chimney outlets.

Ease of maintenance of greenhouse heating systems

In some cases, it is this factor that determines which heating is best for a particular greenhouse. IN farms this may be due to limited staff; for private greenhouses, it matters how much time and effort family members are willing to spend on maintenance.

Systems require the least amount of worry electric heating With automatic adjustment temperature. In fact, it is enough to connect them to the network and configure them once, and after an emergency shutdown, simply check that the heating is turned on again.

Systems with natural gas boilers create few problems. Somewhat more - similar options with gas cylinders. You will need to regularly replenish the supply and reinstall the cylinders after running out of propane.

The biggest concern is with solid fuel boilers and manually loaded stoves. Each such system must be approached several times a day to load the firebox, as well as constantly monitor the temperature inside the greenhouse and manually adjust the degree of heating.

Popular goods

For example, you can use electric heating cables that are laid in the ground and allow it to be heated over the entire area. As an option, conventional space heaters, or modern ones, are suitable infrared emitters. But all these solutions require serious financial investments and do not have a high enough efficiency, especially in the case of a large greenhouse.

Peculiarities

It has the following number of advantages:

Simplicity of design. Water heating – . Making such a greenhouse heating system with your own hands is quite simple;
Versatility in the choice of fuel. Ultimately, it doesn't matter how the water is heated. You can burn regular wood, coal, and household waste. If the area where the greenhouse is installed is gasified, then gas can also be used. Heating water with electric heating elements is also a completely suitable option;
. This is manifested in the fact that after stopping the supply of heat to the boiler, the heat remains for a long time. This feature of water systems eliminates sudden temperature changes;
The use of water heating makes it easy to heat the air and soil;
Heating rooms using a water system does not reduce air humidity. This is especially important in the cold season, when air humidity is already very low.

– this is the risk of defrosting in the event of an emergency. This usually happens when the heating in the greenhouse has been interrupted and the water from the pipes has not been drained. Turning into ice, water expands, which leads to the destruction of water-filled structures.

In order to implement any greenhouse heating, it is necessary to take into account the overall energy efficiency of the structure. Any enclosing structure has heat transfer, and the lower this characteristic, the less energy will be required to maintain the required temperature inside the greenhouse. The champion in heat preservation is cellular polycarbonate. Its cellular structure has very low thermal conductivity. In second place are film barriers, but due to its mechanical characteristics, film is not suitable for structures used in winter. The last place is occupied by glass.

The problem of energy efficiency of glass greenhouses is solved by using double glazing.

Water heating

You can reduce heat loss in winter with a device entrance vestibule, in which you can place basic heating equipment. If the greenhouse is attached to the house, then it would be advisable to make the entrance to the greenhouse from it. In addition, this design of the winter greenhouse allows the use of a single heating network.

To minimize heat loss through the soil and foundation, it is necessary to use heat-insulating materials. Polyisocyanurate covered with foil is very suitable for this purpose. As a cheaper replacement, you can use ordinary polystyrene foam, commonly referred to as polystyrene foam. True, at a lower price, it is less durable.

IN general outline the entire structure consists of the following components:

Heat source. This can be a stove using any type of fuel (wood, gas, coal, etc.) or an electric heater;
Boiler. The actual container in which the water is heated;
Pump. It is needed to ensure stable water circulation in the mechanism. . For large greenhouses it is very difficult to calculate the natural circulation of water, especially in winter, when daily temperature changes are large;
Ground heating circuit. It is a system placed directly into the ground. This element warms the soil over the entire area. The depth of the contour is usually about 30 centimeters. You can lay plastic, metal-plastic or all-metal water pipes. The first two options are distinguished by durability, but at the same time they are endowed with worse heat transfer. Metal pipes are susceptible to corrosion, but when using anti-corrosion coatings they last quite a long time;
Air heating circuit. . Sometimes large cross-section pipes are used. Typically, such large pipes are laid along the entire length of the structure;
Expansion tank for water. This required element for a greenhouse with heating, the use of which is determined by thermal expansion water. When heated, the volume of water in the system increases, so it is necessary to use a sufficiently large container to drain the excess.

Arrangement options

Optionally, the heating system can be equipped with by various means automation. These include all kinds of temperature sensors, devices for automatically turning the heating system on and off. Modern means automation make it possible to implement practically autonomous greenhouse heating. Of course, this will require additional material investments, but it will significantly reduce labor costs during the operation of a heated greenhouse.

Certainly, automated systems water heating is more relevant for huge industrial buildings. For people making a greenhouse heating system with their own hands, such technical excesses may be too expensive.

When implementing heating of a greenhouse with your own hands, you should take into account its size. . Depending on climatic conditions and the quality of enclosing structures, the relative power can range from 200 to 500 watts per square meter. IN northern latitudes, where in winter the temperature drops to extreme values, this characteristic can be even higher.

It is quite difficult to accurately calculate the energy characteristics of a heated greenhouse built with your own hands. Therefore, it is necessary to provide some power reserve and make it possible to regulate the heating of the greenhouse. In the simplest case, this is achieved by installing water valves on the heating circuits. Can install complex circulation pump, which allows you to regulate the speed of water flow.

Bake

If an ordinary stove is used as a heat source solid fuel, then the heating mode, as a rule, is selected and regulated experimentally. Any owner of a private house knows perfectly well how much wood needs to be burned in the stove to get comfortable temperature over the entire area of the room. Heating greenhouses with wood is of course more expensive than heating a living space, especially in cold winter.

It is advisable to install the stove and boiler in a separate room, although installation directly in the greenhouse is also possible. The first option is good because it allows you to control the climate in the greenhouse from the vestibule. Heating a greenhouse in winter using the second scheme is slightly more efficient, but this advantage sometimes disappears due to the fact that you have to open the door every time.

For heavy stationary furnaces and boilers, a foundation should be provided. In addition, you should take a responsible approach to the design of the chimney.

The connection of circuits for heating greenhouses must be done in series. The first circuit for heating the air is connected to the water heating boiler, and the circuit for the soil is connected directly to its output.

To properly warm the soil, it is necessary to lay pipes over the entire area. The step can be from 30 to 50 cm, depending on the diameter of the pipes and their depth.

The expansion tank is usually installed at the outlet of the last heating circuit. There are no special requirements for it. This can be any container of suitable volume. You can use a larger one plastic canister or a special product that can be purchased in appropriate stores. Some expansion tanks They have a design that allows you to add water. The installation location of the expansion tank must be selected at the highest point of the heating system.

It is better to install the pump on the return pipe of the greenhouse heating system. The temperature in this place is the lowest, and this will have a positive effect on the service life of the unit. It is very important that the pump is located between two ball valves. This is necessary so that in the event of a malfunction, the pump can be dismantled without draining all the water from the heating system. When purchasing a pump, you should pay attention to its performance. A pump with insufficient performance will not be able to provide the required flow rate in a greenhouse heating system. In addition, it can quickly fail due to constant overload. Modern models, as a rule, have several fixed operating modes. .

Independent organization water heating in a greenhouse big size will require certain everyday and professional skills, but such a need usually arises among people living in a private home. As a rule, these people have all the necessary knowledge and skills to outside help to solve this problem.