DIY pallet compost bin. DIY compost pit: manufacturing options

Compost is one of the most effective and environmentally friendly fertilizers, thanks to which you can increase the yield of vegetable crops. Organic fertilizer will excellent feeding for flowers. You can make compost from any plant residues with your own hands, but to do this you need to organize a place for composting. The most popular option for such a place is a compost bin, due to the fact that you can make it yourself from any available materials.

How to make your own compost bin

The simplest compost box is a container measuring 1x1x1m. For a dacha with an area of ​​5-7 acres, a box of this size is quite enough to prepare fertilizer for feeding plants.

Fig.1.

The easiest way to make a compost bin is from wooden planks. To do this, you will need boards 20-30 mm thick and two bars measuring 50x50 mm. The bars are installed in the corners of the future composter, boards are nailed to them, which will serve as walls. When assembling the box, it is important to leave a gap of 1 cm between the boards to allow air access to the humus.

Choosing a manufacturing option compost bin made of wood, care should be taken to protect it from rotting. You can protect wood with special impregnations against mold and rot. They can be purchased at any hardware store.

If you want every corner of your site to be aesthetically pleasing, then with a little work you can make a compost box of a slightly different design.

Fig.2.

To assemble such a composting device, you will need boards 120 cm long. Stepping 10 cm from the edge of the boards on each side, make a cut with a width equal to the width of the board. Then the structure is assembled. To make loading the composter easier, the boards can be installed as they are filled.

DIY compost bin made from pallets

As mentioned earlier, a composter can be made from any available materials left over after construction, for example, pallets. A compost bin can be made from pallets by simply assembling walls from them; to do this, the pallets need to be fastened together with screws or nailed together.

Fig.3.

Additionally, the resulting structure can be upholstered with iron or mesh. This way the contents will not fall out. To prevent the compost from drying out and becoming waterlogged in the rain, you can cover the top of the box with tarpaulin, roofing felt or film. You can remove the finished fertilizer by removing the front wall.

The described options for compost boxes are simple and inexpensive to manufacture, but they have one significant drawback associated with the preparation and extraction of fertilizer. The fact is that the container is filled gradually and it turns out that ready-made compost is formed at the bottom while fresh organic remains are on top. This greatly complicates the extraction of finished humus.

DIY compost box drawings

The disadvantages of a simple box made of boards can be eliminated using a special design with a door, the drawings of which are given below. This design allows you to remove the finished fertilizer and at the same time fill the compost box with freshly cut grass, fallen leaves or branches.

Fig.4.

The door is made of the same material as the container itself. The door can be secured using straps or hinges. They are secured with self-tapping screws or nails.

Fig.5.

Despite the simplicity of the design and ease of use, this option for making a composter is only good if you have little garden material for composting and you don’t need a lot of compost. In all other cases there is a significant drawback - long term composting, approximately 1 year. To reduce this period to 2-4 months, a different composter design and a different method of preparing compost are required.

How to make a compost bin correctly

In order to quickly prepare compost, it is best to make a two-compartment compost bin. This option allows you to mix the contents, thereby significantly speeding up the process of preparing humus.

Fig.6.

The technology for rapid preparation of fertilizer is as follows. The first compartment is filled first. After about a month, the contents are transferred to the next one and, if necessary, additionally moistened. After which, after another month, it is again transferred to the first compartment of the compost bin.

To speed up the composting process, you can add live manure or a special additive. This process is repeated until the compost is completely prepared. This technology makes it possible to reduce the ripening period of humus to several months.

In addition to the special preparation technology, the design of the composter provides for a collapsible front wall. This option makes it easier to download and upload content.

Step by step making a compost bin

If you have a large plantation, then you need fertilizer constantly. A three-compartment box works well for this purpose. This option can constantly provide you with the necessary amount of fertilizer.

Just like other types of composters, this option can be made from any materials. However, the easiest way to make it is from boards. The step-by-step production of a compost bin consists of three stages: making the frame, lining the walls and constructing the front door.

It is convenient to make the frame from wooden blocks according to the diagram below. The outer walls are covered with boards. Intermediate internal walls can be made of mesh. This approach will ensure air circulation and good aeration of the compost.

Fig.7.

A collapsible front wall can be made as follows. Fixed to the frame of the front wall wooden blocks with a cross section of 30x30 mm, boards are nailed to these bars. This creates a groove between the frame and the outer board. Boards are freely inserted into this groove without fixing them to the frame. This creates a collapsible front wall-door. It makes it easy to remove the compost and fill the compost bin.

Fig.8.

You can make a lid on top or simply cover the contents with any material that will provide protection from rain and drying out of the humus.

The composter options considered are suitable for any conditions. In order to always have high-quality, environmentally friendly and free fertilizer on hand, you need to choose a compost bin that suits your conditions and promptly replenish it with organic residues from your site.

Compost bin. How to make a compost box with your own hands: drawings, photos, videos, options for making a composter.

This homemade product will be of interest primarily to summer residents and owners of garden plots, because we will talk about soil fertilizers, in particular compost.

Compost is a product of the decomposition of organic substances under the influence of microorganisms; in fact, compost is the best organic fertilizer.

To get high-quality compost, when building a compost bin with your own hands, you need to follow simple rules:

The main condition for compost maturation is the flow of oxygen into compost heap, oxygen is necessary for the life of microorganisms, therefore, when making a compost box, you need to provide side ventilation holes in the design.

Another advantage of using a box is that precipitation will not wash fertilizers into the soil, all valuable substances will remain in the box, and you will get truly complete compost. Therefore, it is advisable to equip the box with a lid.

Compost matures faster in the lower part of the compost heap, so you need to think about access to the bottom layer in the box and equip the box with a door or removable boards.

To ripen the compost best place Place the compost bin in a shady area at the edge of the garden or garden.

Compost bin drawings.

Let's look at a few drawings for manufacturing wooden box for compost.

Single section compost bin.

Multi-section compost bin.

You can build a box from old boards, timber, you can use boards from wooden pallets, you can use any wood that is on the farm.

The composter can be made into 2 - 3 sections, while in one section the fertilizer ripens, in the other you can use ready-made compost.

Making a compost bin.

Let's look at the example of making the simplest composter. The design of the box consists of support pillars that are dug into the ground, optimal height the ground part of the pillars is 1.2 m. The pillars can be made from 100 x 100 mm timber or logs.

But the lower part of the supports must be treated with an antiseptic or used motor oil so that the wood does not quickly rot. As an option, you can use the old-fashioned method: part of the pillars that will be in the ground can be charred at the fire; charred wood is more resistant to rotting.

We attach the side walls to the supports, fill the boards with nails or fasten them with self-tapping screws; it is advisable to leave a small gap of 1 - 2 cm between the boards for ventilation.

It is advisable to make the front wall of the box openable, this will greatly simplify the unloading of compost; just open the front door and you can pick up compost with a shovel without much effort. Instead of a door, you can make removable boards, you need to nail them to support pillars guide rails and insert into the grooves of the board.

For the composter, it is advisable to make a lid, attach the lid to the box with canopies, and make a handle. Since wood is susceptible to rotting, the box must be treated with a safe antifungal impregnation and preferably painted.

The DIY compost box is ready, The final stage laying compost. A layer (hay, grass, leaves) is placed at the bottom of the box, then tops and vegetable waste can be placed.

DIY compost bin options.

Instead of throwing away grass clippings, potato peelings or cores, these can all be used as natural fertilizer. All you need is one in which compost will be made. And it can be quickly and cheaply made from four pallets.

Of course, you can buy a ready-made composter. However, making one from pallets will cost much less, so it's worth a try. It is easy and quick to make and also looks good in the garden.

1. Buy pallets.

The composter will require 4 trays. They are manufactured different sizes, mainly from 60x40 to 120x100 or 114x114 cm. Thickness from 12 to 14 cm.

2. Prepare the place.

Find a suitable location. It is not advisable to place the composter on compacted soil, because soil animals that decompose waste will not get into the composter through it. The place should be in the shade so that the compost does not dry out.

If you decide to make a composter, for example, on a terrace, and bring in the worms by hand, then make a solid bottom under the composter.

3. Put the pallets together.

First, make a cube from pallets at the chosen location. Place the long side of each pallet on the ground, so the composter will be wider and easier to use.

4. Prepare your nails.

Connect the pallets with galvanized nails. One on each top corner is enough.

5. Connect the pallets from below.

Now hammer one nail into each lower corner. You can connect the corners with large screws. This way the composter will hold on tighter.

6. Add compost..

Once the composter is installed, you can fill it with garden waste. A composter made of pallets measuring 100x120 cm is sufficient for an average plot. Smaller pallets can be used to build a low fence in front of the house, larger ones for a terrace.

If this amount of compost is not enough for the garden, it will not be difficult to increase the composter by adding three more pallets. To prevent the wood from rotting and the composter to last longer, you can coat it with non-toxic paint, which will protect the wood from moisture.

If the soil on the site is poor, then a container is built to create humus, which is an important part of any garden plot. The use of fertilizer in the form of compost allows you to grow environmentally friendly plants and vegetable crops. Recommendations from experienced gardeners will help you understand how to create a compost pit with your own hands; manufacturing options, photos and installation features of which can be discussed in detail below.

Features of designing a reservoir for compost humus

You can easily create a compost pit with your own hands. In this case, manufacturing options can be seen in the photo. Simple products can be made from pallets, which are taken after sale building materials and are purchased for a small amount.

It is important to choose the right location. It should be far from housing. This should be a well-ventilated area. This will prevent the appearance of foul odors. Containers made from scrap materials are highly accessible. The finished design allows for recycling weeds from the site.

Helpful information! Vegetation compacts over time and, under the influence of bacteria and moisture, is transformed into an excellent organic fertilizer. Excellent for processing different cultures in the garden or garden.

What is the purpose of the pit?

An excellent method for disposing of various waste is a do-it-yourself compost pit. Manufacturing options, photos and drawings can be found in sufficient quantities on the Internet. This facility allows you to obtain high-quality fertilizers in the shortest possible time. This involves the use of mown grass, leaves and manure.

How to make a compost pit with your own hands: video and installation requirements

Many gardeners and summer residents are interested in the question: how to properly make compost pits. The containers are constructed from three parts. In this case, 8 columns are installed, which are treated with a protective solution. This can be fuel oil, machine oil and tar.

It is recommended to use a fence for one side. Partitions are made of boards, in which holes should be left for ventilation. Doors are installed on all compartments. To complete the work, you need to install the handles and latches.

An important point is the installation of ventilation holes. Also, the container must be closed with a special lid during precipitation. For this, ordinary polyethylene film can be used.

You can make a product from pallets. To do this, they need to be disassembled. Using a circular saw, the boards are divided into individual pieces. All boards are fastened vertically. In this case, the front board is secured using adhesive solution.

To ensure that the pallet product remains stable, it is necessary to level the slats at the bottom using a level. A compost pit using Finnish technology differs from standard pits. She has several distinctive features. Filling must begin from the first compartment. When removing humus, the container is filled from the adjacent compartment.

All processed material must be stirred periodically. Also, the container should maintain an optimal level of humidity.

Installation of such a structure consists of the following steps:

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Instructions for making a compost pit (box) with your own hands

Making a compost bin with your own hands is not difficult. Its arrangement involves the use of lightweight and inexpensive components. In the example below, a compost bin is created from pallets, used in construction industry for folding Supplies. You can purchase such pallets for a small amount or even get them for free by picking them up after unloading the building materials.

making a compost pit with your own hands. Photo

If you don’t yet know how to create a compost pit with your own hands, step-by-step instruction, given below, will tell you in detail about this procedure.

First thing select a location, most suitable for arranging a compost heap. This area should be located away from residential buildings and preferably in an area where winds prevail. This will eliminate the possibility of an unpleasant odor from the compost in the yard.

Follow drawing, provided as an example, to properly create a compost bin. Remember that it must have a presentable appearance, be easy to use, and be easy to dismantle when filled with organic waste.

DIY compost pit manufacturing options. Photo

Disassemble prepared wooden pallets by removing connecting elements (nails). The result of this work will be the production of edged boards.

Use a circular saw to divide all the boards are cut into blanks about 1 m long. It is from these that the compost bin will be created.

In order to assemble a solid structure from individual boards, two of them should cut out jigsaw rectangular holes. The photos and videos included with the instructions will help the craftsman figure out how to make cuts in the remaining boards in order to accurately connect them to the two cross beams.

DIY compost pit step by step with photos

Installation All boards (except the front ones) are carried out vertically, and they are fastened with mounting glue. The first (front) board is arranged at a slight angle to the entire structure, and without the use of an adhesive solution. Compliance with this condition is necessary to facilitate disassembly of the structure. The design of a compost bin of the described type allows you to easily move it to another place and disassemble it after filling it with organic waste and plant debris.

To make a compost bin made from wooden pallets stable, when installing it in the designated area, you should: level out lower boards of the finished box using a level.

As you can see, very little effort needs to be put into creating a compost pit from waste materials construction industry. The finished compost bin looks decent and makes it possible to recycle all unnecessary vegetation from your own garden plot. Gradually compacting in such a container, and being under the influence of moisture and putrefactive bacteria, the vegetation turns into high-quality organic fertilizer, ideal for feeding garden vegetation.

How to make a compost pit. Video

Making your own compost bin

Question related to the disposal of plant waste on personal plot, worries most gardeners. It is not worth taking them outside the garden, because when the right approach organics can be great fertilizer. It is better to put unnecessary vegetation, as noted above, in a compost pit, which should be voluminous. We suggest considering the option of building a compost pit with your own hands, step-by-step instructions for which will help even a beginner in this matter carry out the procedure.

As an example, let's take the design compost bin consisting of three sections.

Set 8 wooden columns, having previously processed protective composition the lower part of each of them (the one that will be located underground). As a protective solution, you can use fuel oil, tar or used machine oil.

If fence is strong and reliable in your garden plot, then its canvas can be used as a support for one of the sides of the compost bin bars (as shown in the photo). Actually, this option makes the task easier, eliminating the need to dig several more holes for the posts.

The next stage in creating the structure is the installation of sectional partitions. To do this, nail several boards to the supports, making sure to leave small slits between them for ventilation. It should also be taken into account that small spaces will be created in two compartments of the drawer. doors, therefore, its front part should be sheathed with boards only up to half the height.

The third compartment is equipped with a large door, and therefore it is worth nailing only one board in the lower, front part of the box.

The next stage of work is installation caps The end sections of sectional partitions, as well as the rear and front walls, are reinforced with crossbars.

DIY compost bin. Photo

The doors are hung, which also serve as lids for the compost bin. It is already clear that there will be one large and two small doors in front.

When creating a wooden compost box, immediately make sure that the wood does not become an integral component of organic fertilizers prepared from plant waste. The process of compost maturation involves the gradual decomposition of organic matter, and wood also belongs to the components of natural, organic origin. And therefore, when constructing a three-section compost bin from boards, it is advisable to soak each part well special composition deep penetration. It will protect the tree from moisture, putrefactive processes and harmful insects. Buy the solution now comprehensive protection wooden surfaces is not difficult, but remember that it must be non-toxic. Then the organic fertilizer (compost) will be of high quality.

After the boards are impregnated, ready box for compost painted in a color acceptable to you. It is advisable to choose non-toxic paint. She must have high stability to temperature changes, do not fade in the sun. Apply it to the box in two layers.

The last stage of creating the structure is to attach the latches and handles. The compost pit made from boards is completely ready for use!

Compost pit. Options for its equipment

Now there are many different technologies building compost pits with your own hands. Every dacha owner or country house With land plot selects the type of construction that is ideally suited to specific local conditions. Here are some of the most common types of equipment for compost pits.

Option 1. It is rarely used, and mainly in cases where ready-made compost is supposed to be used no earlier than after 1.5-2 years. The essence of the work here is to dig a hole in a designated area of ​​the area. It should be similar in shape to a well, but not so deep.
The foundations of the compost pit must be strengthened so that the soil does not collapse. The peculiarity of a pit prepared in this way is that in it the raw materials for fertilizer will ripen naturally, without human intervention. And therefore it is worth taking care of creating optimal conditions for the preparation of organic fertilizers. The walls of the finished pit begin to be sheathed at a height of 15-25 cm from the bottom, while no material is laid on the bottom itself. This will allow microorganisms and worms to penetrate from the soil into the stacked vegetation residues unhindered.

If possible, it is better to create a compost pit in this way outside adjoining plot, in a forest belt.

Option 2. IN in this case The compost pit is set up right in the garden. Many land owners note that this option is more convenient in the sense that organic fertilizers are unloaded from the pit as needed. The basis of the structure is formwork, and it can be made from any available materials. These can be plastic barrels or a box assembled from separate boards. The presented method also involves providing access to worms and microorganisms into the thickness of organic residues. And therefore, before laying the vegetation, the soil is loosened, and the formwork structure is slightly deepened (about 20-30 cm). Necessity of availability natural circulation air in the created box causes cracks to remain between the plank structural elements, or the formation of holes in plastic surfaces.

Option 3. Another method of preparing organic fertilizers from plant residues is to create a so-called pile, or compost heap. This technology is considered the simplest, but when using it, hygiene requirements are not observed. On a personal plot, when choosing this method of preparing compost, the optimal area is selected, on which a substrate of gravel, sand or dry grass is immediately made. Plant waste is placed on top of it, and they are waited for it to overheat. Organic fertilizer reaches full readiness in two years or more. The difficulty lies in the fact that the pile has to be stirred periodically, and before the onset of winter, you also have to insulate it so that the microorganisms do not die under the influence of the cold.

So, there are many options for equipping a compost pit, and the difference between them is based both on the materials used and on the size and features of its design. In any case, with the right approach, creating it yourself will not be difficult even for a novice master.

To create a compost pit with your own hands, it requires the presence of durable materials from which you could make the walls of a box in which plant debris will be stored. The previous sections have already described the possibilities of forming such structures from boards, construction pallets or plastic barrels. There is another one good way- compost bin made of waste slate. Many zealous dacha owners will probably have these in their households. slate leaves make an excellent base for the sides of a compost bin. In addition, a compost pit made from such material will be reliable and durable. To create a slate box with your own hands, we recommend doing the work in the following sequence:

Decide on the exact parameters designs. Remember that the hole should be sized so that all the plant waste collected from the site over two seasons (and sometimes more time) can fit inside it. If we take into account that a small pile of vegetation residues (tops, fallen leaves) is approximately 0.25 cubic meters in volume, then a pit for processing them can be made measuring 1m*1m*1m. In this case, there will still be some space left for food waste.

After selecting the territory, you will need to do a little deepening in the soil (20-30 cm).

In the corners of the structure and in the central part are installed racks, created from thick tree branches or ordinary metal pipes of small diameter.

Using prepared slate sheets, they are formed walls compost bin.

The compost matures in the pit for two years, and the slate partition, located in the middle of the box, makes it possible to use internal space pits continuously. That is, the result of the work is a two-section slate box, each of the compartments of which is used in turn.

When studying the question of how to make a compost pit from certain materials, you should not forget about the requirements for such structures. First of all, when making a compost bin, you need to take into account that organic matter needs a constant flow of air to ripen. Therefore, on the sides of the structure there must be ventilation holes. To useful material from the created organic fertilizer not washed into the ground, it is advisable to cover the compost pit during rain lid. You can use a regular one instead of a lid. plastic film, but in this case it will need to be somehow fixed at the edges to prevent it from being blown away by the wind. It should also be taken into account that the compost ripens faster from below, so the lower part should be easily accessible. In the diagram above you can see how the simplest compost bin works. Note that the boards placed on the side are removable, and the dimensions of the structure can be changed. As an option, you could consider creating a drawer with removable front boards.

There is also a way to create an opening drawer of a simpler design. The loops in it will be made of durable strips of rubber or other elastic material. They are well fixed on the surface of boards nailed together.

An economical option for creating a compost bin would be a product made from wooden pallets, the construction of which does not require special skills or a lot of time.

What can and cannot be thrown into a compost bin?

Having figured out how a compost pit is made from various consumables, you cannot ignore recommendations regarding what waste can be thrown into it and what cannot.

A self-constructed compost pit will fully justify the purpose of its creation if it is used to collect following types organic waste:

• Fallen tree bark, old leaves and small branches, pine needles, grass roots and small tree roots.
• Rotted manure and bird guano.
• Grass and weed clippings.
• Leftover herbal tea or coffee.
• Peeling vegetables and fruits, missing berries, fruits and vegetables.
• Ash left over from burning wood.
• Wood shavings, straw, sawdust, hay.
• Napkins, cardboard, paper bags and paper itself.

As for those components that cannot be placed in a compost pit, their list includes:

• Potato and tomato tops. It is often infected with late blight spores, and putting it in compost will subsequently lead to the spread of the disease throughout the garden plot and the infection of new seasonal vegetation by late blight.
• Products of inorganic origin that will not decompose under the influence of natural factors. These include metal, polyethylene bags, rubber and synthetics, components with a plastic base.
• Vegetation generously fertilized with chemicals.
• The branches are thick and take a long time to rot.
• Weed seeds that have already passed the ripening stage.
• Feces of animals living in the house. They may contain inclusions in the form of bones or helminth eggs.

How to properly operate a compost bin?

In the previous sections of our article, we found out how to make a compost pit from available components, as well as what can be put in it and what is not advisable to put in the pit. Now it remains to identify those simple requirements that will help to properly operate the compost storage structure throughout the year. Here they are:

• Try to exercise periodically loosening compost with a garden fork. This will ensure a flow of oxygen to the rotting organic matter. Mixing waste will help speed up the decomposition process.
• The compost heap should be used occasionally water. If the weather is dry and hot outside, the number of waterings of ripening compost should be increased. With regular moistening, the contents of the pit will rot better and faster. But dry compost completely stops decomposing.
• If there is such a possibility, then it is advisable to periodically lay it in the thickness of rotting vegetation. Californian worms. They will not only loosen the contents of the compost, but also partially process it.
• It is advisable to place it on top of the waste in the pit. dark plastic film. Thanks to it, a greenhouse effect will arise in the thickness of the raw biomaterial, and as a result, the temperature inside the heap will increase significantly. Vegetation stacked in layers will burn out faster. At the same time, the presence of the film ensures the preservation of a moist environment in the compost and prevents the growth of weeds there. The ripening period for a compost heap covered with film is 3-4 months. If the pit with organic matter is not covered, the process of waste maturation will last for a whole year.
• If possible, it is recommended to add to the compost pit special drugs, accelerating the decomposition procedure of components. Among the most famous such compositions are Baikal EM-1, Sanex EcoCompost, Compostar, Compostin, Embionic.

At proper arrangement compost pit and regular maintenance, owners of personal plots will be able to obtain high-quality fertilizer that does not contain harmful substances.

DIY compost pit. Video

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Do-it-yourself compost pit: manufacturing options and design requirements

In order to properly build a compost pit, you need to understand how the compost heap should be structured. There are many options for making it yourself, but first of all you should pay attention to the fact that it should consist of three parts. In this case, you need to install 8 support posts, each of which must be treated with a protective agent.

Helpful advice! Machine oil, fuel oil or even tar can be used as a protective composition for posts.

A fence can be used as a fence on one side, but boards are better suited for the rest. Partitions are constructed from them, in which holes for ventilation must be left. This promotes the decay process. It is also necessary to install a door that allows access to the compost.

Setting up a compost pit at your dacha with your own hands involves ensuring the proper level of ventilation and at the same time protecting the contents from precipitation. So that the compost heap does not turn into a swamp, during rainfall it needs to be covered with a special lid of a suitable size. And if weather not too harsh, it is quite acceptable to use plastic film for this purpose.

Another option is to use construction pallets that are pre-disassembled. Using circular saw, the boards can be divided into individual elements, and then assemble a suitable structure from them. In this case, it is better to fasten the boards vertically. The front board can be secured using adhesive composition. To give such a structure stability, it is necessary to use building level and trim the bottom strips.

It is also important that the height of the walls of the homemade composter is such that it is convenient for a person of any height to add, stir and remove compost.

Interesting! You can pay attention to the designs of compost pits made using Finnish technology. In this case, some design features are of interest, for example, when you remove humus from one compartment, it is automatically filled with raw materials from the adjacent one.

Do-it-yourself compost pit: manufacturing options, photo examples

The type of compost pit is determined based on several factors. One of them is the installation method. Let's consider all existing options:

• allocating a specific place for organizing a compost pit. In this case, a pit is initially prepared, which is very similar to a well, but at the same time has a shallower depth. The walls of the pit are additionally strengthened to prevent the soil from shedding and are sheathed at a distance of 20-25 cm from the bottom. This distance is necessary in order to provide the microorganism with free access to the waste;
• Another option is to install a special container in the garden plot designed to collect waste and process it into compost. This method allows you to get the finished product at any time. This design is based on a pit with formwork, as well as a special box made of boards. When implementing this option, it is extremely important to pay due attention to the organization of ventilation;
• a DIY compost heap is the easiest way to solve the problem. To do this, it is enough to make a substrate consisting of sand, gravel and dry grass. Waste is simply placed on top, which will begin to rot on its own over time.

You can make a compost bin with your own hands using many various technologies and instructions. The proposed designs may differ in the materials required for work, dimensions, properties and ease of use.

Helpful advice! Regardless of the type of structure chosen, before you begin laying raw materials inside the structure, it is necessary to thoroughly loosen the bottom and install ventilation holes.

DIY compost bin: manufacturing options and instructions

Before you make a compost pit with your own hands, it is advisable to consider how more options and structures that can be used for this purpose. We will analyze in detail the instructions for making the most popular boxes made from various materials.

Garden compost bin: features of installation and operation

A garden composter may well be presented in the form of a large box divided into several sections. Usually they make two or three compartments, but experts strongly recommend choosing the option with three sections, since each of them has its own purpose: the first is used for storing waste, the second is for ripening waste, and the third stores finished compost.

Depending on the individual wishes of the owner, the composter can be stationary or mobile (move on wheels). In this case, the recommended height of the box should not exceed 1 meter, and the size of each section should be about 1-1.5 meters.

Important! All wooden elements must be treated with a special protective compound designed to provide the material with reliable protection from harmful insects, as well as exposure to moisture.

To make a compost bin with your own hands, you need to follow the following procedure:

1. 8 wooden blocks are dug into the ground;
2. Using boards, also previously opened with a protective compound, partitions are constructed. To do this, they are attached to supports at some distance from each other.
3. In the front part, two compartments should be sheathed only to the middle, and only one bottom board should be nailed to the third. The first two have doors mounted on top.
4. The back and end parts are completely sheathed.
5. The entire structure is covered with two layers of moisture-resistant paint.
6. Finally, handles, latches, etc. are attached.

At the bottom of such a box there must be drainage, which may consist, for example, of dry tree branches. Immediately after this, you can proceed directly to placing waste inside the structure.

How to make a compost pit at your dacha using wooden boards

A compost pit is an excellent solution, if necessary, without spoiling the appearance of the site with the appearance of a pile of waste. The formation of fertilizer in such a design takes much longer, and in order for the process to proceed as correctly and efficiently as possible, it is important to take care in advance about the correct arrangement and ensuring access to the required amount of oxygen.

Work order:

1. First of all, you need to dig a compost pit, the width of which will be 1.5 m, length 2 m, and depth of about 1 meter.
2. You need to dig wooden blocks into the corners, keeping a distance of 20 cm from the walls on each side.
3. In 5 cm increments, boards are attached to these posts.
4. The resulting box is divided into two parts using a wooden shield.

The bottom of the compost pit is filled with a ten-centimeter layer of tree bark, branches and straw. Such a mixture will take on the role of drainage, which will allow drainage excess moisture and additionally ventilate the raw materials.

Initially, only one of the compartments should be filled with waste. Then, when one is half full, the compost needs to be transferred to the second compartment. This procedure will enrich it with oxygen as much as possible.

Important! The bottom and sides of the composter do not need to be covered with anything so that earthworms, which take an active part in the waste processing process, can freely get inside.

How to make a compost bin from slate

Slate – durable material, which is great for creating a structure designed to collect and process organic waste into compost. The procedure for creating a suitable design consists of several stages:

• choice suitable place and taking measurements to determine the appropriate pit size;
• according to the marks, a not too large recess is dug, in the corners of which supports are installed, for which boards or metal pipes;
• sheets of slate are installed around the perimeter of the pit;
• Using the same sheets, the resulting container is divided into several parts (two or three).

The use of this design is carried out in accordance with all the same recommendations that are given for compost pits made of wood.

How to make a concrete compost pit at your dacha

If you pay a little more time and attention to the process of arranging a compost pit, then as a result it can last several decades without problems. To do this, it is enough to concrete it. You can do this as follows:

• you need to dig a hole about 80 cm deep, 2 m wide and 3 m long;
• make formwork inside the pit;
• then you need to prepare a solution consisting of sand, gravel and cement. To do this, you need to pour 5 liters of water into a bucket and add 5 kg of sand and cement to it so that the ratio of dry components is 3:1;
• the resulting solution is poured into the formwork;
• using wooden boards and a chain-link mesh (a metal frame is also suitable), a cover is constructed for the pit.

It is very important that when using boards to mount the cover, there is a distance between the elements necessary for normal ventilation.

Compost pit using Finnish technology: secrets of installing the structure

The main requirement for structures made using Finnish technology is compliance certain sizes. The height and width of the box must be the same and be 1 m. This is extremely important, since in a smaller box the raw materials will simply dry out, turning not into compost, but into dust. Large sizes are unacceptable for another reason - in this case there is a risk of burning the contents from too high a temperature.

To make such a structure, it is best to use wood. Slate in this case is not a very suitable option, since structures made from it are characterized by a longer period of waste decomposition. Again, cheap and at the same time quite convenient option– Finnish compost pit made from pallets.

Algorithm for assembling a compost pit using Finnish technology:

1. The frame of the box of the required size is assembled from wood pre-treated with antiseptic agents.
2. Then the finished frame is sheathed with boards. The boards are placed tightly only on the partitions separating the compartments. On the side walls, the boards should be spaced with a 1 cm indentation.
3. The rear wall of the structure is also covered with boards at a distance of 1 cm.
4. The bottom of the box is covered using a slab. At the same time, it is also important to maintain some distance between the elements so that excess liquid can be effectively drained.
5. A small door is installed in the lower part of the front wall of the structure, the height of which is usually 30 cm. It is secured using ordinary door hinges.
6. The roof of the structure is made gable, with one of the slopes attached to hinges so that it simultaneously acts as a door, providing the opportunity to pour waste inside.

Interesting! In one box, the size of which is 1x1 m, you can prepare an amount of compost sufficient to fertilize a plot of land of 5-7 acres.

Compost pit-dry toilet: what is it?

Another special type of compost pit is a dry closet, which can also turn human waste products into compost. It is a structure consisting of two containers, each with a volume of 80 liters.

The use of this type of dry toilet is as follows: after visiting the toilet, you need to turn a special handle, which is responsible for supplying a portion special mixture consisting of peat and sawdust. Thanks to this mechanism, the mixture is distributed evenly and covers up the waste that gets inside.

It is quite possible to use such a composter-dry toilet and not too much for disposal. large quantity food waste by simply throwing it inside and covering it with the dry mixture. When the first container is completely filled, it must be moved away and the second one installed in its place, which can be used in the same way. At this time, the first container will contain a compost mixture, completely ready for use.

Important! The compost obtained in such a composter will be very concentrated. This must be taken into account, and before adding it to the soil, you need to dilute the mixture with soil, sand or peat.

Criteria for choosing a ready-made composter for a summer cottage

At the same time, an increasing number of owners suburban areas are trying to stop using homemade designs, giving preference to purchased models. Let's consider what advantages and disadvantages ready-made structures have, and what parameters you need to pay attention to Special attention, before making a purchase.

In most cases, preference is given to simple and convenient composters that are easy to assemble and operate independently. But since the number of offers is modern market extremely large, independently decide on the most suitable option it can be really difficult. Experts recommend using certain criteria as a guide, since models can be:

• collapsible or integral;
• with temperature sensor;
• with special device, which allows you to loosen the contents;
• with a mesh instead of the bottom, which provides protection from rodents;
• various shapes and sizes.

Composters also differ in the material that was used for their manufacture. Thus, plastic is the most popular today because it is light in weight, which allows it to be moved around the site without problems, and its service life is extremely long. If the design is planned to be stationary, then you can consider purchasing a metal composter. On sale you can also find wooden models, but they are not very common due to their short service life and exposure to external factors.

Products for compost pits: features and advantages of use

Having figured out how to make a compost heap, many expect that they will soon be able to use the nutritious fertilizer made in it. But the reality is that the natural ripening of compost can last up to 2 years. Of course, you can just be patient and wait. But you can go the other way by buying special remedy, promoting compost maturation and accelerating this process.

Interesting! The issue of using excipients is especially relevant for those regions of the country where the warm period is short. If warm weather lasts only 2-3 months, then the compost maturation period has to be shortened artificially.

So, there are several drugs that are well suited for this purpose and are recommended not only by specialists, but also by real users. They all have different names but, in general, the principle of their operation is the same. As an example, consider the drug Tamir.

Tamir is an extremely complex drug, which includes a whole complex of microorganisms that, in the natural environment, are responsible for ensuring the decomposition of organic debris and waste. Due to the high concentration of these bacteria, the composting process occurs many times faster, and after 2-3 weeks full maturation occurs.

It is worth noting that compost obtained in this way is not completely decomposed waste and has a slightly different consistency than usual. But its final decomposition will occur directly in the soil, which will bring even greater benefits to the plants.

Important! It is believed that compost obtained as a result of exposure to auxiliary preparations, as a fertilizer, is many times more useful than that obtained naturally. Therefore, answering the common question, is it possible to use products for compost pits, the answer is unequivocal - not only is it possible, but even necessary.

All products of this type are used according to the following technology:

• if the pile has not yet been formed, then the drug is added on top of each new layer, after which the whole thing is watered;
• in the already prepared heap, you need to make a depression at full height, into which the drug and water are added.

Other ways to speed up compost heap maturation

In addition to complex preparations, you can use other methods to stimulate the processing of organic waste and the maturation of compost in the pit. Let's look at each of them in more detail:

• the use of rotted manure, which is quite capable of replacing biochemical preparations intended for composting. At the same time, it is prohibited to use fresh manure, since it can become a source of not only helminth eggs, but also weed seeds, pathogens, etc.;
• a solution made from ordinary yeast. To prepare it you will need 1 liter of water and about 1 tablespoon of dry yeast. To this add 200 grams of sugar (1 glass). This solution is poured into the depressions made in the compost heap;
• herbal infusion. To improve the effect it is mixed with chicken droppings or slurry in a ratio of 5:2. It is important to know that the amount of nitrogen contained in fresh bird droppings is much greater than in manure, which means the ratio should be different.

Helpful advice! In order for the compost heap to naturally get regularly bird droppings, you can install a feeder above it. This will greatly facilitate and speed up the process.

Methods to accelerate ripening also include artificial moistening of raw materials, turning them and other measures designed to create the most comfortable microclimate for composting.

How to make a compost pit at your dacha with your own hands

Whatever design is chosen for making compost, it is unlikely that its appearance will ultimately be attractive enough. Chances are, no one wants to look at a compost bin, so it might be helpful to think about how you can use it. original design to improve its appearance.

The problem of camouflaging a compost pit is especially relevant for small areas, since almost the entire territory is in plain sight. Although it happens that even for spacious areas, owners use different design strategies to give the compost pit a more attractive look. So, in order to hide such an object, you can use:

• camouflage with plants and hedges;
• artificial decorations and stationary fencing.

Work related to the manufacture of artificial fences must be carried out in an open area located at some distance from the location of the compost pit. This is necessary in order to make it more convenient to work and to be able to move freely without being exposed to discomfort from the smell emitted by the heap.

The main requirement for such a fence is that it should hide the entire site from the eyes of guests and owners. That is, the compost heap should be completely hidden behind it, and the appearance of the fence should be as attractive as possible and be in harmony with the environment.

It takes much longer and to some extent more difficult to create hedges for this purpose. But they look much more natural and elegant. The main thing is to pay attention to the choice of a suitable plant, so that in the end the hedge is not too bulky and lush, and does not break the overall structure of the site.

Helpful advice! You can use light translucent screens entwined with vines as a fence. They cope with the task perfectly, and at the same time do not take up much space, so they are quite suitable for both large and small areas.

The best ideas for decorating a silo pit

Other elements, for example, special screens or screens, can be used to disguise the place where the compost heap is located. Bamboo fences have proven themselves to be excellent. Plants also look good if you carefully plant them in a row.

At the same time, it is strictly forbidden to build a compost pit directly under fruit trees, as this can lead to their death. You need to maintain some distance between the compost and the plants.

The most popular design methods are:

• planted in a row fruit trees and berry bushes;
• potted gardens placed on several levels to hide the entire structure;
• installation of a small architectural object: a gazebo or a fenced barbecue (of course, in this case you should make sure that bad smell did not interfere with rotting waste);
• flower beds with tall plants;
• supporting wall.

Separately, it is worth noting the camouflage of compost heaps if a plastic container was used for them. In this case, it is not at all necessary to completely mask it. You can use it as a decoration for the area, painting it in bright color and planted around beautiful flowers. You can draw any design on such a container, thus giving it originality.

The easiest way to work is with small compost pits, which can be hidden with an abundance of flowers or even shrubs. By the way, a compost yard is a great place to experiment with growing new varieties of annual plants.

You can clearly see how composters for a summer residence are made and designed with your own hands by watching training lessons and detailed instructions. You just need to decide which design is best suited in a particular case, and also take into account your own individual requirements and wishes. Otherwise, no problems will arise, since there are as many options for do-it-yourself compost pits as there are ready-made models.

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Principles of constructing a compost pit

The main function of a compost pit is to create the most comfortable environment for the life of bacteria, microorganisms, and earthworms, the quantity of which determines the speed of the process and the quality of the resulting compost. To do this, the inside of the compost heap must be maintained fairly heat and humidity with a regular supply of oxygen.

To do this, the compost container must have the following design features:

Compost bins are made from any available materials. These can be boards, slate scraps, corrugated sheets, metal construction mesh and even car tires. More permanent structures are built from brick or concrete. There are also lightweight, portable waste disposal units in metal or plastic barrels.

Choosing a site for a compost pit

The location of the composter on the site should not become a source of infection groundwater, a threat to human and animal health. Do not place the compost bin in wetlands or areas with standing water.

The external design of the compost pit can be absolutely anything. It can be decorated with beautifully painted boards, fenced with plantings of loach and perennial, ornamental plants.

Making a compost pit with your own hands

In a garden or personal plot, you can use the most simple tools make a high-quality structure and turn a pile of garden waste and decomposing household waste into valuable fertilizer. There are many different types of compost piles, from earthen ditches to actual concrete structures.

Compost pit in the ground

To create a compost bin:

1. A site is selected in the ground away from residential buildings.
2. On an area 1.5 m wide and of arbitrary length, remove upper layer turf and soil.
3. The bottom of the pit should be located at a depth of no more than 0.5 meters.
4. The bottom is covered with a sand cushion to drain excess water.

The first layer serves as drainage and promotes aeration of the pile and consists of trimmed branches.

The following are laid on them in layers:

• cut grass;
• dry leaves;
• sawdust;
• household food waste;
• manure;
• weeds.

The layers are sprinkled with peat or garden soil and spilled with water. To speed up the decomposition process, it is advisable to chop all the ingredients before adding them, simply chopping them with a shovel.

The total height of the pile should not exceed 1.5 meters. This means that it will rise 1 meter above the ground. The structure is protected from above with covering material or a slate shield. In hot weather, the pile is watered with ordinary water.

Under natural conditions, microorganisms will be able to process such a waste dump in two summer seasons. This is the simplest and most economical way to produce compost.

Use EM drugs. A temperature of +4°C inside the compost heap is sufficient for microorganisms to successfully process waste.

Making a compost pit from boards

For ease of use and speeding up the recycling process, the compost container is made of boards. Optimal size compost bin 1x1.5 meters.

Instructions for making a pit from boards:

They put garbage into such a container from the top according to the general principle, starting with the branches. And you can rake out the finished compost from below.

Photo: drawing of a compost box, composter diagram

Options for compost pits made from boards

Slate is durable and perfect for the walls of a compost bin. You can use both wave and flat sheet slate.

Options for making a slate composter:

1. Markings are made at the location of the compost heap and deepen the sheets cut to size. They can be secured with external, wooden or iron sheathing.
2. In another option, metal pipes are buried in the ground. A frame of bars is attached to them. The outside is sheathed with slate. The second design is more durable.

All wooden elements should be treated with an antiseptic to avoid rotting. A cover for the pit is made from plywood or boards. The front wall of the pit is made lower, at a level of 40-50 cm above ground level. Rigid walls allow you to cover the hole with film or garden covering material.

Compost pit made of corrugated sheets

Work order:

1. At the selected location, a base is constructed from a metal or wooden block.
2. The dimensions of the pit are selected according to the length of the sheets, which allows you to make a compost bin with two or three compartments.
3. The base is made, as for a wooden structure.
4. On the outside, the profile strips are fastened with self-tapping screws with gaps of 3-5 cm.
5. It must be taken into account that the metal surface gets very hot during hot summer periods.
6. A cover of plywood or boards is made on top. It is advisable to cover the frame with a protective compound.

Metal mesh compost bin

To make compost, you can make a cylindrical container from a metal mesh. In such a cylinder, the compost is well ventilated and does not rot.

How to make a compost bin:

To simplify, you can put a large film bag (polyethylene) inside the basket, which is used for garbage. These baskets are easy to assemble and install anywhere. They are filled with waste according to the principle of a compost pit. Compost can also be made in special bags, which are sold in garden centers.

Concreted compost pit

A concrete compost pit creates many advantages:

• Thick walls maintain a positive temperature for a long time.
• Such a pit is durable and reliable, not subject to the influence of adverse natural conditions.

It is advisable to make it large, with two or even three compartments. In the first and second blocks, compost from different seasons will ripen. In the third, bags of finished compost are stored.

How to make a concrete compost pit:

During operation concrete pit It should be taken into account that the process of making compost is slow. To speed up the process, you need to manually add earthworms or commercially available special products.

Other material options for compost pits

Compost pit made from car tires

Car tires are quite suitable for arranging a compost heap:

Compost in an iron barrel

Old iron barrels are great for composting:

1. We cut out both bottoms with a chisel and place them near the path.
2. We put weeds, grass clippings, and kitchen waste into the barrel in layers.
3. To increase the temperature, you can paint the barrel black, pour ammonium nitrate solution over the compost ( Matchbox per bucket of water).
4. We take out the finished compost from below. To do this, you need to lift the barrel with a crowbar.

To improve the design:

1. Using a grinder (angle grinder), you need to cut the barrel into two unequal parts and punch holes in the walls for air circulation.
2. Then we put them on the butt and connect them with wire or rope. Cover the top with a lid.
3. The advantages of this design are that the contents of the barrel are easily accessible to worms and bacteria from below.
4. To get the finished compost you just need to untie the rope and you will get two hundred liters of ready-made fertilizer.

Compost in a plastic barrel

The ideal compost bin material is plastic. In conventional compost heaps, the compost takes two years to prepare. In plastic barrels with a capacity of 150-200 liters, you can prepare liquid compost in two weeks.

For this:

1. Fill the barrel halfway with mowed grass or weeds, and fill it with water to the top.
2. After about three days, the fermentation process will begin.
3. After using the solution, you can add water to the barrel again and let it brew for one week.
4. Having used up the liquid compost completely, the remaining grass is placed in a compost heap.

Brick compost pit

The compost pit is made of brick and has three walls. It can be done on cement mortar or without it. A compost pit using cement mortar is made no more than 1 meter high. Gaps must be left between the bricks for ventilation.

In the compost pit, you need to provide a place for throwing the compost mass. Make a lid from available material. The front wall is made temporary to make it convenient to remove the finished compost.

Compost pit made of concrete rings

In the internal cavity concrete ring You can successfully store garden waste and end up with compost. For comfort the ring is partially buried in the ground, and after filling, cover with a lid or film material.

One of the disadvantages of the design is the lack of a low front wall. To unload the finished compost you need to climb inside. Otherwise, such reinforced concrete products make very durable compost chambers.

Compost pit using Finnish technology

If you don’t want to make a compost pit, you can purchase a composter using Finnish technology. This is modern dry closet with two containers with a capacity of 80 liters. Its contents are mixed with a layer of peat and sawdust. You can also recycle food.

When the container is full, it is pulled out and another one is inserted. Due to its high concentration, the finished compost is mixed with soil or sand and fertilized with plants. The vacated container is washed and returned to its place.

Compost pits and cesspools should not be confused. Organic matter from the garden plot is stored in containers for preparing compost. Remains of protein food should be disposed of in a cesspool.

What can and cannot be put in a compost bin?

Thanks to composting, the amount of waste in landfills is reduced, and our gardens and gardens receive additional fertilizers.

First of all, organic garden waste is placed in the compost pit, in the form of:

• branches;
• dry leaves;
• mown grass;
• weeds;
• straw.

Good ingredients for a compost heap are:

• food leftovers from vegetarian food;
• egg shells;
• onion peel.

You can layer the compost with manure and chicken droppings.

Prohibited compost heap ingredients include:

• construction and household waste high in phenols;
• remnants of printed products;
• plastic.

From plant residues, weeds with ripened seeds and roots that can take root well, such as:

• sow thistle;
• wheatgrass;
• loach.

Drought-tolerant plants need to be dried out before being placed in the compost heap so that they lose their ability to take root. Sawdust can be used in moderation as it decomposes slowly and takes up nitrogen. They also do not use feces of domestic animals or humans for composting.

Preparations for compost pit

The main task of drugs containing biological activators is to accelerate decomposition processes with the help of microorganisms.

The preparations do an excellent job of processing organic matter and do not allow pathogenic microflora to develop in the compost pit:

1. Compost preparation can be significantly accelerated by using Baikal EM. This preparation contains effective microorganisms (EM).
2. The drug "Doctor Robik" significantly increases the number of effective microorganisms (EM) in the compost. They process organic matter into humus, and also prevent pathogenic microflora from developing and destroy the larvae of harmful insects.
3. The bioactivator has similar properties. The Green-Master bioactivator package should be diluted in 20 liters warm water, let it sit for 4 hours and water the compost heap. After 2 weeks you need to turn the pile over with a pitchfork. To prepare compost, one treatment with a bioactivator solution is sufficient.
4. Compost Boost gives good results. for composting.
5. Manufacturer Happy Summer Resident produces “Biocompostin”– a means for preparing compost. Sanex Plus produces EcoCompost.
6. The manufacturer Dezon Bio K produces several types of drugs:“Green universal”, “Compost for one season”, “Compost for the next agricultural season”, “Bioactivator for compost”.

Using preparations you can significantly speed up microbiological processes and obtain compost in 2-3 months.

Bioactivator preparations for compost

Rules for operating a compost pit

After building a compost bin and filling it, all that remains is to occasionally look inside and, depending on the changes that occur, adjust the decomposition process.

Tips for using the composter:

1. During dry periods, it is necessary to water the compost with plain water. preventing it from overheating, which leads to a reduction in the population of certain types of beneficial bacteria.
2. You should loosen your compost heap at least once every two weeks., thereby ensuring an influx of oxygen into all, even the lowest, layers.
3. Add “Effective Microorganisms” to the compost content in the form of solutions and various additives.
4. To speed up the process, you can add ready-made compost substrate, which contains a full range of microbiological activators.
5. If the pit design does not have a top cover, then simply tighten the upper part with a covering garden material black, which will increase the temperature and greenhouse effect inside the structure.

Summarizing

Creating a compost pit does not require serious material investments. You can make it with your own hands from scrap materials, which are always sufficient in any garden plot.

Having spent a little time making a compost pit, you will not have to deal with the problems of disposing of garden and household waste in the future.

In a well-designed compost pit you will receive environmentally friendly pure fertilizer, as a result of which the productivity of the beds can be increased. Such a reasonable approach to farming affects the environmental situation and brings significant material income.

Use the instructions and tips from the article, and you will be pleased with the results.

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