Wood stain is a unique composition for wood processing. Many mistakenly believe that with the help of a stain you can give the material. But in fact, wood stain, which impresses with its diversity, allows you to complement any interior with richness and a unique appearance.
Composition characteristics
With the help of modern stains, you can easily imitate the species of various woods. The construction market offers a variety of shades to choose from. But not only in creating a perfect appearance, stain is used. The tool is an indispensable antiseptic, thanks to which the product from natural wood lasts much longer. The composition reliably protects against decay, microorganisms, fungi and insects.
Wood stains exist different types:
- Water. It is in great demand due to its composition. In a specialized store, you can purchase a ready-made solution or powder, which simply mixes with water during operation. The color palette of water stain impresses with its variety. It can be easily selected according to individual desires in accordance with the interior. The advantages of the material for processing wooden surfaces are environmental friendliness and safety for people, environment, ease of application, cost-effectiveness, reasonable cost and many shades.
The disadvantages of this type of composition is the interaction with the structure of the tree, which opens the way for the penetration of moisture, and a long period drying. This unnecessary phenomenon can be eliminated by treating the surface with a special varnish. Water stain on wood can be used on.
- Alcoholic, which is applied using spray guns. When working with a brush, it is almost impossible to achieve an even application - this is its main disadvantage. In addition, alcohol stain is not made in a variety of colors and dries quickly when applied.
- oily. This is a material that is produced in a different color palette. AT oil based almost any pigment can be dissolved. It does not affect the wood, it is simply applied and lays down evenly, dries quickly.
- wax acrylic which can be purchased in any color. The composition evenly falls on the wooden surface, is a first-class protector of the material, perfectly highlights the structure of the tree. Such a stain is used if necessary.
But it is worth remembering that no matter what type of composition is used, after completing staining procedures it is necessary to process the product with a special varnish. It will help to give the work a finished look, become a reliable fixative of the substance and allow it to delight for many years with its impeccable appearance. With the help of a unique composition, you can create a natural pattern, emphasize the dignity of wood.
Rules for choosing stain color
by the most the best way determining the color is, of course, applying stain to a small board. The point is that on different wood composition manifests itself.
If this is not possible, then when choosing, experts recommend being guided by:
- tone name. It is worth remembering that the manufacturer is obliged to indicate the color in accordance with the international classification, but nevertheless, on different wood, the tone will have a different look, saturation and depth;
- type of wood which will be processed. After dyeing, natural material can acquire completely new shades, absorb the composition - this is worth remembering;
- composition quality. Identical stains different manufacturers may look different natural material. Therefore, do not give preference to dubious companies offering a low cost of the substance;
- composition density. With a low density of the composition, the stain is very absorbed into the tree, especially softwoods. As a result of processing, it is impossible to obtain .
It is worth remembering that even with the same tone, stains from different manufacturers can have completely different shades. If large-scale work is planned, professionals recommend purchasing formulations from one manufacturer. Wood stain, the price of which is acceptable, allows you to create the most sophisticated design. Plus, it's a timeless classic. And even after many years, the painted wooden surface will have a beautiful and, most importantly, up-to-date look.
Methods for applying stain
Material of any tone can be applied with a brush, swab or spray gun. The method of applying the coloring composition depends on:
- the size of the area to be treated. In the event that it is necessary to paint a small surface, you can safely use a swab. For large areas, it is recommended to use an airbrush or brush;
- types of stain. For example, alcohol mixtures are applied only with a sprayer. Other types of substance can be applied depending on the area.
Wood stain is used as a way to give various products- doors, window frames, parquet coatings - aesthetics and decoration. These solutions change the natural color of the wood, giving it individual tones and textures. In addition, modern stains have additional antiseptic properties that favorably affect the material and extend its service life.
Let's talk in more detail about such compositions, learn about existing types and consider what materials they can be made with your own hands.
A bit of theory
Wood stains - These are tinting compositions that are applied to pre-treated wood, plywood or chipboard in order to change their natural color. This is not paint, as many people think. The composition is prepared in such a way that when applied to the surface, it is absorbed into the structure of the material without changing it, but simply painting it in a different color.
Some people use wood stain to hide the natural color of the wood. For example, an inexpensive pine paneled door can be treated with a mahogany-colored composition, thereby giving it a more noble look. In some cases, stain is used to update old furniture and emphasizing the texture of natural material.
If you show a little creativity, then wood stain can be used in combinations of several shades, giving ordinary table or a chair of artistic value.
What do manufacturers offer?
The main criterion for the classification of stain is the material from which it is made. Today, the most common formulations are oil, acrylic, water, alcohol and wax-based stains.
To understand the features of each type, you need to characterize them and talk about the manufacturing methods.
Water based formulations
Such stains for wood processing are produced in two versions:
- Dry mixtures, which are diluted in distilled water before application.
- Ready formulations calibrated in various containers.
Such decorative coating for wood, of course, it is devoid of unpleasant odors, but it dries for a rather long time. Also, a big inconvenience when using such compositions is one unpleasant feature - after application and absorption, they slightly raise the wood fibers. On the one hand, this can be seen as positive quality, because it emphasizes the structure of the tree. But at the same time, the material becomes vulnerable to moisture.
Alcohol stain "Ebony tree"
Alcohol-based wood stains are chemical solutions using organic dyes. Such compositions equally cope with both decorative processing, so with protective function. Their use minimizes the possibility of raising the pile and swelling of the wood after applying the composition.
But if you want to use such a coating to give a different color natural wood, then it will not be so easy for you to create a uniform surface color. After all, the compositions dry quickly, and stains of various shades can form. Such stains are ideal for toning small surfaces, but it is very difficult to paint a large parquet floor with them.
Oil formulations
Wood stain with an oil base has a variety of colors and shades. If we talk about the composition, then this special dyes, which dissolve only in such an environment. And white spirit is used as a fixing liquid.
Treatment of wood with oil stains is the most acceptable option. Such compositions can be applied in any way. They lay down evenly over the entire surface, without raising the pile. If necessary, some places can be painted a second time, and no transitions will be visible.
Wax or acrylic - which is better?
Protective and decorative stain for wood
Such wood stains are considered the latest generation of tinting materials for wood. Compositions based on wax or acrylic during processing create thin colored films on the surface, which additionally protect the material from moisture. They fit perfectly on any surface, and this is the most the best option for processing parquet floors.
Acrylic stains come in a variety of colors. In addition, they can be mixed with each other, creating an individual shade. Such materials are odorless, non-flammable and are perfect for any type of wood. When working with acrylic stain, the main thing is not to overdo it with the thickness of the applied layer. A great decorative effect will give surface treatment in two passes.
Wax stains are also considered very effective coatings. They are allowed to be processed natural wood, and painted surfaces in order to give brightness to old paints. They are applied with a sponge or soft cloth light rubbing movements.
Very impressive wax formulations look in combination with additional polishing. Such techniques are used when finishing a variety of turned products, balusters or profiles.
We prepare the solution ourselves
Wood stains can be easily made by hand various materials. Here are just a few ways.
Plant stains
Stain do it yourself
Compositions prepared from plant components can significantly transform the surface of wood. For example, a strong decoction of larch bark looks great, giving the tree a reddish tint. Gives the same color onion peel kept in boiled water.
A variety of shades allows you to get the shell walnut. It also needs to be boiled, previously crushed into powder. Then, straining the composition through a strainer, add a little baking soda to it. Wood treated with this composition becomes brownish. And if, after drying, the surface is rubbed with an aqueous solution of potassium dichromate, then it will acquire a reddish tint. To give gray tones to wood treated with a walnut solution, the surface must be additionally rubbed with dilute acetic acid.
Decoctions from alder bark allow you to get rich dark tones. An even brownish tint to the surface is given by oak bark, willow and shell mixed in equal proportions. walnuts. All ingredients are poured with water and brought to a boil. After that, ½ teaspoon of table soda is added, and all this is cooked for another 10 minutes.
Vinegar and coffee stain
Wood stains made from these ingredients can also give the wood a unique color. Various shades brown flowers provides coffee. You can use both soluble and ground. It is enough to brew a strong composition with the addition of baking soda and treat the surface with a warm decoction. Perfectly tones the wood with ordinary tea. Theanine, which is in the tea leaves, stains the tree in brown shades, the depth of which depends on the concentration of the composition.
You can get a spectacular black ebony color with vinegar and nails. To do this, they must be placed in a container and poured with a solution of vinegar, leaving for 7 days in an inaccessible dark place. The longer the solution is infused, the darker the stain will turn out. But processing with such a composition can only be carried out outdoors.- in indoors this will not make a sharp unpleasant odor.
Stain from a solution of manganese
Preparation of stain with potassium permanganate
A composition prepared using 50 g of potassium permanganate diluted in 1 liter of water will give the surface a cherry or dark brown shade.
The ingredients are mixed and after 10 minutes are applied with a brush to the wood. To get brighter tones, you can experiment with processing in several layers. But the main thing is not to overdo it and not burn the surface, which after that will be covered with ugly spots.
Wood stains based on chemical compositions
Such compositions, made by hand, allow you to get fairly stable colors. Materials with a high theanine content, such as oak, can be coated with a solution of slaked lime. In this case, the surface will acquire a brownish tint. If the walnut is treated with such a composition, the color will be slightly greenish.
You can make wood stain with an unusual shade using the following method:
- In a container, mix 1 liter of water, 75 g of soda ash and 30 g of potassium carbonate.
- Then treat the coating with this composition.
- After drying, wipe the surface with water diluted with theanine.
The material will be painted only after an hour, so do not rush to re-apply the composition.
Compositions of various colors can be prepared from privet ( wolf berries) and chemical compounds- vitriol will give a brown color, Glauber's salt is scarlet, and baking soda is blue.
Stain for veneer
Barberry for wood stain
Light-coloured sliced veneer can be dyed yellow decoction of barberry root, which is freely sold in a pharmacy. The finished composition is filtered, alum is added to it, and it is again brought to a boil. After cooling, it is evenly applied to the surface.
The tree will always be popular, because it is beautiful and environmentally friendly. pure material. However, like all natural elements decor, boards are afraid of moisture, and are a favorite habitat for insects, fungi, mold and other microorganisms. To increase the life of things made from tree species various protective agents and antiseptics are used. Today we will talk about such a wonderful substance as stain, with its help you can not only solve some problems associated with premature damage wooden materials, but also to give your products an unusual and noble appearance.
Wood is durable and durable material, which is subject to the influence of adverse environmental factors, therefore, in order to protect products from it from possible damage, it is necessary to process them by special means. On the construction market, you can find a huge number of different antiseptics, varnishes and other impregnations that change the color and some properties of wood, the most popular and inexpensive product is wood stain. Some people think that stains are used only to change the color of an object, but this wonderful drug has other properties.
The properties of stains may vary depending on their composition. However, even if you make such a tint with your own hands, it will still have some protective properties.
Wood stain properties:
- If you want to change not only the color of the wood, but also highlight its texture, then stain is just what you need. It does not completely cover the drawing, like paint, but gives the whole product a pleasant shade.
- Wood staining will protect furniture from insects and rot, while preserving the texture and pattern of the wood.
- The stain is protective agent which increases the service life wooden items and costs several times cheaper than varnish and paint. In addition, due to its watery consistency, it penetrates deeper into the wood structure.
- With the help of stain, you can make even inexpensive pine, painted with colored stain, look like a noble and strong oak and exotic mahogany.
- Stain toning can lighten the wood. This technique is especially often used before painting. wooden products.
- Impregnation with stain will strengthen the structure of the tree and give it a light moisture-proof property.
Not all stains have the above qualities. To understand which stain you need, you need to read its composition, and see what the instructions for use say. By the way, you can process not only whole wooden planks, but also chipboard, plywood or parquet items and other wooden crafts.
Water-based wood stain and alcohol stains
Wood stains on water based- These are the most environmentally friendly beys. They don't have a sharp bad smell and easy to use.
Such a product can be sold as dry, or already ready mix. Such dyes are most popular due to their low price and the possibility of their use, both for indoor and outdoor use.
The main characteristics of water stain:
- The colors of the water-based stain are very diverse. With their help, you can create a very interesting iridescent effect.
- You can use water beytsy without fear for your health. Even with the most high temperatures, such products do not emit harmful fumes.
- If you decide to experiment, and are wondering: “Which stain to choose so that it can be washed?” - then a water stain is what you need. Such a tinting agent can be easily washed off with water, so it is impossible to paint the floor with it.
- Toning wooden surface such a tool, makes its texture more noticeable. Unfortunately, because of this, the product becomes more sensitive to moisture, so it will need to be varnished.
It is highly undesirable to tint resinous tree species with such an impregnation, as ugly spots can appear on them. For such products, it is better to use alcohol impregnation.
How long does alcohol impregnation dry? Almost a few seconds! This property is both an advantage and a disadvantage. Thanks to it, you can cover the butt of a sports rifle with alcohol stain, and use it in a few minutes, however, a large area can only be stained with an airbrush, otherwise the surface of the product will be covered with unpleasant stains and stains, even varnish will not help correct the situation. Consists of alcohol impregnation of alcohol and dyes.
Treating wood with such an impregnation will make it more resistant to ultraviolet radiation and high humidity. However, due to the unpleasant smell of such a product, working with it is possible only in open space.
Benefits of oil-based stains and wax and acrylic stains
Oil-based stain has a wide range of colors and shades. It costs more than water beys, but useful properties she has more. Such a preparation can be used not only to change the color of the product, but also to emphasize its texture.
Treating wood with an oil-based stain is easy and convenient, it is applied thin layer and does not lift the fibers of the product. Also, this tinting does not fade under the influence sun rays, gives the tree resistance to temperature extremes and protects it from moisture. You can remove stains of oil stain with the help of White Spirit solvent, it can also lighten the painted wood a little. It differs from compositions similar in properties in that varnish is not needed to fix it. The disadvantages of staining with oil include: long drying of the tint and its toxicity.
It is very important to find a stain from a responsible and conscientious manufacturer. Judging by the reviews, the most popular firms are Vartan, Latek, Novbytkhim and Herlak.
Acrylic and wax stains are very easy to apply, they lay down in a uniform layer and do not leave stains and streaks. However, due to the rapid drying of such stains, you need to work with them very quickly.
Wax stain is used to protect wood from moisture. It can process parquet. This beyz is unstable to mechanical damage, therefore, to extend its service life, it is better to use varnish.
Acrylic, it is also rustic, stain perfectly emphasizes the texture of the tree. With its help, you can get a variety of shades, which is why this drug is so popular. A tree stained with such stain will still need to be opened with several layers of varnish.
Wood stain colors
Wood stains differ not only in composition, they are different colors and shades. The most commonly used dark mixture, it gives the products a more noble look. With the help of such stains, ordinary larch and maple can turn into an oak board.
Modern stains can give the tree the most unusual shade. However, to this day, the range of natural woody colors is considered the most popular.
The most popular stain colors:
- Pine;
- Birch;
- Bleached walnut;
- Plum; the Red tree;
- Olive;
- rosewood;
There are many such examples. It is noteworthy that the names of the same shade for different companies can vary greatly. When choosing a stain color, first of all, pay attention not to the color palette that is printed on the package, but to the samples printed on birch boards.
It is also important to consider that the intensity of the color of the stain depends on the type of wood on which it is applied. It will be more difficult to give a dark shade to a product if the wood from which it is made is lighter than to darken an oak object. Not water stain can't paint well enough pine board, if it is not previously desalted, but water-based stains are generally unsuitable for resinous tree species.
White wood stain
To make furniture white, it is not necessary to paint it. A brightening stain is also suitable for such work, which will not only make the product lighter, but also emphasize its structure.
Wood stain is intended not only to give the product more light shade but also to protect it from adverse conditions the surrounding world. It is very important to consider, when considering different types of such a product, how and on what you will apply it. If there is a risk that moisture will spill onto the surface of the bleached object, then it is best to use wax, oil and acrylic preparations, but if your craft is in a dry and ventilated place, then a water stain will do.
With the help of white stain, you can achieve a very interesting effect and make an aged coating. It must first be painted with stain white color water-based, after it dries, the item must be treated with a stiff brush. A dark-colored wax or oil stain is rubbed into the formed pores on the wood.
When using a water stain, do not forget about protective layer. The dyed product must be treated with wax or oil.
Light stains do not always have a pronounced color. There is a colorless stain, which is applied solely to protect the tree from adverse natural factors.
How to make a stain with your own hands
It is not necessary to buy a ready-made stain. By mixing dyes, such as coffee, a few drops of iodine or shavings of black bark, and some chemical elements, you can make it at home. Homemade stain is not only effective, it is also natural.
- Boil a glass of larch bark in a glass of water. The resulting product can be coated with birch products, it will give them a beautiful reddish tint.
- Grind dried walnut shells into powder and boil for ten minutes. The resulting broth must be mixed with soda. Coat light-colored wood with the solution, and it will take on a brown tint. If you want to change the color of the product, you can treat it with vinegar or potassium dichromate. In the first case, the shade will be gray, and in the second, red.
- Brewed tea or coffee can give the tree different shades. The intensity of the colors depends on the strength of the tea leaves.
- With a solution of potassium permanganate, you will color the product in a cherry color.
- A red tint can be achieved by soaking rusty nails in vinegar for several days. Black stain is obtained by adding a decoction of oak or walnut leaves to the vinegar solution.
Self-stains are made quite often. They are environmentally friendly and harmless. Unfortunately, they all tend to fade, so to preserve the color of the product, a layer of varnish must be applied over the stain.
Wood tinting with wood stain: step by step instructions
To make the product look neat and beautiful, you need to cover it with stain correctly. If the stain is applied poorly, it can fade after a few weeks, and if you do not follow the staining technology, you risk getting a surface covered with stains.
How to properly stain objects:
- First of all, it is necessary to remove a layer of old paint from the surface of the product. You can do this with sandpaper.
- Next, the surface is degreased with alcohol, white spirit or gasoline. If the product is made from resinous tree species, then it is deresined.
- The stain is heated and applied in a thin layer to the surface of the product. The top of the item is processed first. Layers are applied from above, one on top of the other, until the desired shade is achieved.
After the stain dries, the product must be covered with several layers of varnish. Before applying a new layer, the dried varnish is treated with fine-grained sandpaper.
Wood stain (video)
The stain is great way to replace one tree color with another. Such funds come in different types, they can have different compositions and colors. Use the stain correctly, and you will be rewarded with a beautiful product.
Wood staining is a great way to bring out the structure and beauty of wood while giving the elements a unique touch. Wood stain, the color range of which is diverse, does not create an opaque film on the surface, unlike paints and varnishes.
It impregnates the wood and gives it a noble shade. In addition, impregnation protects the plane from the growth of microbes, moisture and fungus.
In contact with
The purpose of the stain
The main task of this material is to emphasize the beauty of the tree. Stain shades, obtained by the interaction of wood with a substance, are so diverse that any old thing play with new colors.
There are several types of wood stains with different bases, which determine the individual properties of the material.
Types of compositions
Stain is a material that can be divided into 2 types: for interior and exterior use. In the second case, manufacturers introduce special pigments into the material that do not allow it to fade in the sun.
The material is available as a gel, powder or in the form of ready solution. The composition of the impregnation is:
- water,
- acrylic,
- oil,
- alcohol,
- wax,
- chemical.
Each of these types has advantages and disadvantages that should be considered in detail.
Water based
This impregnation is the most popular and widespread material with a large colors. Water stains for wood are commercially available in the form finished composition or powder to be diluted with water.
Advantages:
- non-toxicity;
- a variety of colors (shades from light to deep dark);
- ease of application and low consumption of material;
- low cost.
But there is one significant disadvantage - it is impossible to protect the wood from moisture, as the material will lift the fibers. This drawback can be combated: after impregnation, the swollen fibers are treated with sandpaper, after which they are re-treated. If there is a desire to preserve the structure of wood, then after the first application of the stain, you can cover the surface with a colorless varnish.
Note! The long drying of the plane after applying the stain can be considered a minor drawback.
Based on acrylic resins
Modern innovative material- impregnations made on the basis of acrylic resins. These formulations are represented by an emulsion, which has several advantages:
- ease of application,
- good wood protection external influences and moisture
- large range of colors
- fade resistance,
- little material consumption.
There is only one drawback of acrylic stain - the high cost.
Oil based
In the manufacture of these products, the pigment is dissolved in oil, while the shade of the material can be any. positive sides there is a lot of material:
Among the shortcomings can be identified long time desiccation and slight toxicity.
It should be noted that these impregnations are applied in a very thin layer.
alcohol based
The dye is aniline, it is dissolved in denatured alcohol. You can buy alcohol stain for wood in the form of a powder or solution.
The advantage of this material is its rapid drying. This is important for outdoor use, when the weather can change at any time.
In addition, the impregnation protects the wood from moisture and exposure to sunlight.
Cons of the material:
- Specific pungent odour. At internal works ah need to provide good ventilation.
- Fast absorption into wood. This will complicate the work, and stains may appear on the surface.
- Application by spray gun, brush or roller. It is impossible to obtain a uniformly painted surface.
Wax based
Wax stain for wood was created recently, but many consumers have already appreciated its advantages. It is easy to apply, effectively protects against moisture and at the same time is an environmentally friendly product.
Based on the above, you can decide which stain better fit for wood, based on their requirements and preferences.
How to choose colors
How to choose stain color? by the most the best option is the application of the composition to small plot wood. It is worth noting that on different surface the color of the impregnation will look different. If a colorless wood stain is used, then the structure and color of the wood is preserved when receiving a protective layer.
If it is not possible to apply the material to a small area, then it is worth considering the following nuances:
- The name of the tone. Usually manufacturers write the color of the stain based on the international classification, however, the saturation and depth on different woods will be different.
- Type of wood. Having absorbed the composition, the tree can become a completely unusual shade.
- Mortar quality. It is worth remembering that the result of staining with materials from different manufacturers will not be the same. Give preference only to trusted manufacturers, well known in the market.
- The density of the composition. If the material is liquid, then you will not get a rich and deep color during processing, since the impregnation will be strongly absorbed into the wood.
If you want to cover a large area with stain, then you should buy material from one manufacturer, otherwise you may not get the desired color. Wood stain treatment is the easiest way to update wood products. It depends on which manufacturer produces the composition, what stain colors are in the tint range.
Material application technology
Applying wood stain to the surface of wood usually does not cause difficulties, but the work requires accuracy and a competent approach. In order for the material to lay evenly and the consumption to be small, it is important to know the nuances of application.
Stain application options
There are several ways to apply stain:
- Spraying. This is the most effective method. The material lays down evenly, while obtaining a deep saturated color over the entire surface. Using a spray gun will help avoid smudges and unpainted areas.
- Trituration. The composition is rubbed over porous wood with a rag. Thanks to this method of application, ordinary wood products acquire a noble oak shade. The composition must be rubbed very carefully, so the use of quick-drying stains should be excluded.
- Application with a sponge or roller. The method is suitable for processing small surfaces. By covering the cut of wood with a sponge, you can get a great color and a protective screen.
- Brush application. This is a common method, since the tool is easy to use, and the impregnation lies evenly. The master can highlight the natural wood ornament and show the pattern in a more advantageous way.
The method of applying stain depends on the type of material and the professional skills of the master. Often you can read about the method of application in the instructions for the material written on the label.
Application rules
It doesn't matter how many times the surface is covered. The main thing is to adhere to a certain technique and take into account the nuances:
- Do not apply stain several times in one place, otherwise dark spots will be visible on the surface.
- The raised wood fibers must be cleaned off with a coarse mesh (you should move along the fibers).
The drying time for alcohol solutions is a maximum of 3 hours, for oil solutions - 3 days.
Important! The rules for applying stain for oak are the same for both exterior and interior work. When using alcohol formulations, it is worth remembering safety measures, since the solution is very toxic.
Surface tinting - step by step instructions
Surface tinting is carried out in the following order:
- The wood is cleaned of the old coating, all uneven areas are cleaned with sandpaper.
- The stain prepared according to the instructions is poured into the bath.
- A small amount of the composition is drawn onto the tool and evenly distributed over the surface.
- The material is not applied immediately in a thick layer, since the stain consumption will be high, and the coating will be of poor quality.
Coating flaws and their elimination
Were there any defects when applying the impregnation? There are several tricks to eliminate them without repainting the surface.
Sagging on wood is easy to fix if you find it before the surface is completely dry. Apply a little impregnation and clean the area with a rag. If the impregnation has already dried, the streak can be removed with a planer or sandpaper.
No matter how evenly you apply the material, stains can form - the whole reason is in the wood, which absorbs the composition unevenly. In this case, the surface must be treated with a planer and coated with a gel impregnation that does not absorb into the wood and lays down evenly.
Useful video: how to choose wood stain
Now you know what wood stain is and what it is for. And using our recommendations, you can qualitatively process any wooden surface yourself.
- What is she for?
- Types of wood stain
- Creating Effects
- Work technology
- Working with Defects
Wood stain combines the function of protecting the surface from dampness and reproduction of microflora and gives the product a rich color. However, this is more than varnish for furniture and interior items - with its help you can create a unique decoration of the room by updating a couple of wooden surfaces.
What is she for?
Wood stain does not work miracles, but it works according to a certain principle:
- Colored or colorless stain lacquer penetrates the wood structure, creating protective film not only above the surface, but also below it.
- Naturally lifts the fibers of the wood, highlighting the structure.
Natural shades of impregnation create an imitation of noble and unusual tree species even on the most ordinary boards, for example, ebony or oak .
Types of wood stain
Impregnations for wood are divided into types according to the base material for their manufacture.
Water
Water based stain is the most common foundation ingredient. This is the most large group impregnation. Produced in ready-made or in powder, which is dissolved in water at home.
Her virtues:
- The solution is non-toxic due to the neutral base;
- A wide range of natural shades from the lightest to deep dark will help emphasize the naturalness or deepen the tone, make the surface of the product more expressive and noble;
- Easy to apply, low consumption;
- Affordable.
A significant drawback is the ability to lift the fibers of the tree, opening the way for moisture.
The solution is to keep the surface wet for a while, then remove the raised fibers with sandpaper and then impregnate. Another method of preventing wetting is the subsequent coating of the painted layer with varnish.
In addition, the water base dries relatively long.
Alcohol stain
Aniline dye dissolved in denatured alcohol. Wood stain is also sold dry or ready-made.
Its main advantage is the layer, like alcohol, it dries quickly. The same quality can be attributed to the disadvantages: in order to obtain a uniform color, it is necessary to use an airbrush; when applied manually, alcohol impregnation often forms greasy spots.
Oil stain
Pigments dissolved in oil (White Spirit) allow you to tint wooden surfaces in all possible shades. Such a tool is convenient for use at home - the oil stain fits well, it can be applied with any tool, it evenly penetrates into the depths, the texture of the wood is not disturbed, a protective film is formed.
Acrylic and wax
Wood stain made of wax or acrylic belongs to a new generation of materials for the treatment and protection of wood surfaces. Impregnation not only forms an insulating film. Stain colors are expanded compared to other types - from natural to bright exotic. The effect of a bright colored coating with a natural wood structure is called stain.
Reception is used by many designers modern furniture– the appearance of the fronts of cabinets made of oak or other species with unusual color causes unusual sensations. The main drawback of the material is that stain is more expensive than its counterparts.
Stain with whitening effect
Not all types of wood need dark saturation, in some cases it is necessary to give a lighter and cleaner shade. For this, stains based on acids or hydrogen peroxide have been developed. With their help, bleached timber is obtained, slightly discolored. Thus, the gray surface can be prepared for subsequent painting and processing.
Creating Effects
Alcohol or water stain can create an imitation of the naturalness of the coating without obvious traces of processing. When choosing a material for protection and painting, be guided by the desired effect: choose a shade of oak, pine or ebony (as in the photo) - the interior will be instantly ennobled.
Products made of ash or oak do not have to be tinted - leave their structure and shade open by choosing the shade of this breed that is as close to nature as possible.
The properties of each type of wood are different. In order not to make a mistake when buying, pay attention to the flower palette: a composition is applied to the boards of different breeds, where you can see the final result.
Work technology
Staining a wood surface is not a complicated process, but it requires a responsible approach. In order for the varnish coating to be uniform, the consumption to be minimal, and the smear to lie evenly, it is necessary to get acquainted with the intricacies of the work.
How best to apply stain on the surface: a master class
- Spraying is the most effective method. The coating lays down evenly, even gray wood will instantly acquire a new shade. Reduces the risk of smudges and oil marks.
- Rubbing the stain over a piece of porous wood with a rag will help to get the effect of oak or pine even on the very ordinary product from inferior raw materials. The composition must be applied carefully, because quick-drying solutions should be excluded.
- A roller or swab for applying stain is useful in case of coating small area wood. Thus, it will be possible to highlight and emphasize the cut pattern, the stain will evenly penetrate deep into the product, creating a protective screen.
- The brush is most often used for work - the tool is easy to use, wood stains lie flat, in the chosen direction. The master can play with natural ornaments and play with existing patterns by saturating colors in certain areas.
Which method is better to use and paint - the master decides based on his skills, the type of stain and the surface of the wood. To determine which stain in a particular case - when choosing, pay attention to the instructions for the preparation, which describes the conditions for application and operation.
Basic rules for work
Often it does not matter how many layers of wood stain will be applied. The main thing is to observe the technique and take into account some of the nuances:
- It is necessary to paint the product strictly according to the fibers of the wood. So it will be possible to reduce the consumption of the solution for smudges and emphasize the pattern.
- Wood stain should be of a comfortable consistency. Non-aqueous dissolves with white spirit to the optimum density.
- How many layers to apply - the master determines depending on the desired shade and effect. Usually 2-3 layers, each of which is thoroughly dried.
Make the first layer thin - here it is important to stain gradually and evenly. The layer will create a base for subsequent applications and reduce the consumption of stain solution.
- To avoid dark areas, varnish should not be applied twice in the same place.
- When dried, water stain on wood raises the fibers. They are cleaned with a coarse cloth in the longitudinal or diagonal direction.
- Water and alcohol solutions dry out after 2-3 hours, oil solutions - after 2-3 days.
For indoor and outdoor work, the rules are the same.
Master class on surface tinting
- Clean the wood of dirt and remove protruding fibers with sandpaper;
- Pour the stain, pre-diluted according to the instructions, into a small tray. Cooking can be done in small batches.
- Take the tool and, gradually picking up a solution on it, distribute the varnish over the wood.
Do not try to take a lot of paint - this increases consumption and reduces the quality of the coating.
Working with Defects
Lacquer stain lay wrong? There are several ways to fix defects. Master Class:
A streak has formed
We cover the place with varnish, which will dissolve the bottom layer. Now we clean the area with a rag. Work must be carried out immediately after a defect is discovered.
If the smudge is dry, soften it with paint thinner. The seal can also be removed with an emery or planer.
Spots
How many exactly did not remove the solution, but still stains formed? The problem may be in the wood itself - the array sometimes absorbs the solution unevenly. In this case, a planer will help. On plywood, you will have to remove all the veneer.
Non-aqueous gel impregnation is suitable for recoating. It does not penetrate into the depth of the wood, lays down evenly and dries for a long time. Its consumption is reduced due to surface distribution.