What material is best to build a summer house from? Which house is cheaper to build in the current economic conditions? Houses made of aerated concrete

The most important and first question before starting work on the construction of a home: what is the best material to build a house from? permanent residence. The choice depends on many factors and making it is quite problematic without proper preparation. The material of the walls affects not only the microclimate in the room, but also the design features of the remaining elements of the house. To build a house for permanent residence you will need the highest quality modern materials, and country house gives some relief when constructing with your own hands.

Review of materials

Before building new walls, we will need to compare materials according to the following indicators:

strength;
thermal conductivity;
moisture resistance;
frost resistance;
sound insulation;
durability;
price;
density (mass);
accessibility and transportation distance.

To build a house, materials must be durable, with good thermal conductivity, moisture resistance, frost resistance, and sound insulation.

The choice is made based on all these characteristics together, but the most important is strength, since the load-bearing capacity of the walls depends on it. For external enclosing structures, compliance with thermal technical requirements and frost resistance must be checked.

If the material is not warm enough, the temperature and humidity conditions of the room will be disrupted, which will lead to inconvenience for residents. If frost resistance is insufficient, destruction may occur when the outside air temperature changes from negative to positive, and vice versa.

You can make a country or city house with your own hands from the following materials:

ceramic brick;
sand-lime brick;
ceramic blocks;
wood (profiled timber, rounded logs, laminated wood);
on a frame with insulation and cladding (the frame can be metal or wood);
lightweight concrete.

The cheapest option would be to use frame technology or some types of lightweight concrete. These materials allow you to save not only on the construction of external and internal walls with your own hands, but also on foundation elements.

To make a choice for a private home, all materials can be divided into several groups:

brick and stone;
lightweight concrete;
tree;
frame houses.

If the material is not warm enough, the temperature and humidity conditions will be disrupted. Living in such a house will be uncomfortable

The most impressive buildings will be those whose walls are made of massive materials such as brick or concrete. These new homes are able to withstand the elements and look quite attractive. But when using them, you need to prepare for serious costs.
The most profitable option to build with your own hands is a wooden (not laminated wood) or frame object. Next, it is worth considering in detail the main modern materials that are suitable for the walls of a building intended for permanent residence.

This material was widely used in the past for multi-family buildings. It is important to note that it has more disadvantages than advantages, but choosing sand-lime brick allows you to make the walls of a private house cheaper.
The advantages include:

low cost of production and finished products;
high accuracy of geometric dimensions;
attractive appearance masonry;
the ability to use any types of masonry mortars;
high strength (the choice is relevant for both low-rise and high-rise construction);
high frost resistance (more than 50 cycles) allows you to safely use the material for making external walls with your own hands.

Sand-lime brick is not resistant to moisture, has low thermal conductivity, but it has a low cost

There are disadvantages and they are significant, so if possible, it is better to choose another material:

The mass is greater than that of ceramic bricks, which creates additional load on the foundation and increases its cost.
Instability to moisture. In rainy weather, you can see how the silicate walls darken. This means that they have absorbed water. This is an undesirable quality for external fences; the humidity regime in the premises is disturbed. Also because of this, it is not allowed to be used for laying plinths and basements.
Thermal insulation characteristics are very low (high thermal conductivity). Greater wall thickness or additional thermal insulation is required.
Instability to high temperatures. This material for building a house is not suitable for stoves, fireplaces and chimneys.

Ceramics

The selection here is represented by the following products:

solid brick;
hollow brick;
porous stone.

If we talk about thermal insulation, the last option will be the most effective, and the first one will be the least desirable. On the contrary, the strength of solid brick is greater.

The price range for this category is very large. Depending on the manufacturer, you can find the material cheaper or more expensive. It is important to consider transportation costs, as they can be significant.

Ceramics are the most the best option for the construction of a house “for centuries”. In the presence of quality materials and adherence to technology allow us to ensure a long service life without problems.

When using facing brick as an outer layer, you can leave the walls without additional finishing. They will withstand negative influences and maintain an attractive appearance.

A new type of material is ceramic stone. His thermal insulation characteristics twice as good as hollow brick, which allows you to reduce the thickness of the enclosing structures and reduce the load on the foundation. At the same time, the strength of the material is comparable to its closest relatives. Another advantage is that the enlarged dimensions allow faster laying and reduce the labor intensity of the process.

Ceramic brick is very reliable. They are resistant to negative natural influences and keep the appearance of the house attractive long years

If you answer the question of what to build a strong and reliable home with your own hands, then the answer will be porous ceramic stone. Other materials may be cheaper, but here you can save money during operation, on masonry mortar and insulation. New walls made from such products have an attractive appearance. The following options can be used as finishing:

plaster;
siding;
lining;
block house.

Lightweight concrete

This group includes a large number different types. The following are the most popular ones when you need to build a country house or residential house with your own hands:

Foam concrete. It is easy to process, has good thermal insulation and low weight. The disadvantages are high water absorption and low strength. Choosing such products allows you to save on foundations and walls.
Aerated concrete. Similar to the previous wall material. Resistance to moisture is even less than that of foam concrete. Characterized by greater accuracy of geometric dimensions.
Expanded clay concrete. It is cheaper than all other types of lightweight concrete. It is easier to install fastening devices in it (the material does not crumble or crumble). Disadvantages: large mass, low thermal protection.
Arbolit. The most desirable of this group is the material for DIY walls. It protects well from the cold and is light in weight. Disadvantages: low fire resistance, destruction of wood under the influence of moisture and rodents.

To understand which of the listed materials is best to choose for walls, it is necessary to take into account the climatic features of the area (wall thickness), the number of storeys of the house and the characteristics of the soil.

There are several options for the material from which you can build a wooden house with your own hands:

beam;
log;
glued wood.

In terms of technology, it is easier to work with timber. There is no need to cut out recesses to maintain the stability of the elements, as is the case with a log.

Wooden house allows you to minimize the load on foundations and save on them. This occurs due to the following characteristics:

Low wood density. One cubic meter weighs on average 520 kg for coniferous species, while brick has a density of 1800 kg/m3. This allows the use of lighter foundations, for example, it is especially advantageous in terms of cost and labor intensity to use screw piles.
Good thermal conductivity. You can again compare a wooden house with ceramic bricks. To ensure normal thermal protection, the thickness of a brick wall should be on average 770 mm (for the climate middle zone). Wood walls can be 300 mm thick, which further reduces the load on the foundation, increases the speed of work and reduces their cost.

A wooden house reduces the load on the foundation due to the low density and good thermal conductivity of wood

If you answer the question of what is better (and more profitable) to build a house from, then the answer will be wood, but it is important for it to provide reliable protection from various negative factors. Wall material in mandatory treated with antiseptic compounds and, if possible, fire retardant.

Clapboard, block house or siding are used as the finishing layer of the wall. The latter reduces costs, but the house loses its ability to “breathe” due to the unnatural finish. You can leave the building without cladding, but in this case, in addition to antiseptic treatment, you need to cover it with varnish or protective paints.

The answer to the question of what type of wood is best to use when working with your own hands will be this: you need first or second grade softwood material.

Glued beams are not sustainable for most private buildings. They are designed for increased loads and large spans, therefore they have a very high cost. It is impractical and unprofitable to use them without special need for walls.

Frame houses

Walls using this technology have the following advantages:

ease of making with your own hands;
high thermal conductivity;
low cost;
light weight;
the possibility of using inexpensive lightweight foundations as a base;
fast construction speed.

The house can be made of wood or metal frame. The first option is more common. A profile is used as parts for the metal frame. Main elements: upper and bottom harness, racks, insulation. Thermal insulation is laid between the racks, the thickness is calculated depending on the climatic region. External cladding can be made from siding or various panels, the interior from plasterboard.

It is impossible to unequivocally answer the question of what material to use to build a wall. It all depends on the financial capabilities and requirements of the customer. We can only give recommendations from the point of view of thermal engineering, cost and strength.

The costs of building a house of the same area can vary by two or more times.

You can reduce the construction budget if you invest your own labor, knowledge, energy, and talents into this matter.

An inexpensive house should not be:

Very small. Its size should suit your family's needs.
Inconvenient. It should suit your family's lifestyle.
Low quality. You can use cheaper, but high-quality traditional solutions. Typically, such decisions are easier to implement.

What can you save on?

1. You can save a lot by choosing house project, which should have economical layout solutions and structural elements Houses.

Architects offering finished projects, not interested in the cost of the house. Their task is to charm the developer with a beautiful facade and sell the project.

A beautiful picture acts like a drug - the developer decides at all costs build a large, complex and therefore very expensive house.

The project is not expensive house- a one-story house with a gable roof on a shallow foundation with floors on the ground. total area 123 m 2 . The house has no interior load-bearing walls. Attic floor absent - the suspended ceiling is attached to the roof trusses. The angle of inclination of the roof slopes is 20 degrees. In summer, the living space increases due to the large, more than 20 m², a terrace completely covered and protected by walls, pos. 13.

An inexpensive house project is:

A rectangular house with gable roof;
one-story house without expensive interfloor ceiling, stairs and numerous windows;
a house without a basement, because if there is one, costs will increase by at least 30%;
house on low and ;
a house without unusual elements - bay windows, arched windows, tympanums, columns, balconies, pilasters, stairs, two-level rooms, winter gardens;
a roof with two, or at most five slopes (sometimes there are fifteen of these slopes!). Corners, valleys, hatches, skylights and a lot of tin elements - such a roof can cost 40% of construction costs;
external walls, the simplest to construct;
window standard size;
simple interior and exterior wall decoration;
traditional facade made of cement-lime plaster.

The simple form of the house is the epitome of ultra-modern architectural style Barn house. Distinctive feature style is refined conciseness, which is achieved by the correct choice of proportions, as well as the texture and color of the exterior decoration, in harmony with the surrounding space.

Devote maximum time and energy to your choice economical project Houses.

Read articles on choosing the main parameters of a house project:

2. At finishing works. Option “minimum”: walls with traditional plaster or plaster, laminate on the floor, simple plumbing in the bathroom.

3. On materials. You can entrust the selection, purchase and delivery of materials to the construction site to the construction contractor - you have less worries. But if you want to save money, then take on this work yourself.

You can buy materials from famous brands or purchase the same materials locally or less famous manufacturers. Moreover, they will not be inferior in quality to the first ones, but their price will be lower. To save money and not make a mistake in choosing, collect all available information about the manufacturer, prices on the construction market in your and neighboring cities, as well as reviews about the quality of the product.

However, remember the basic rule of the market - quality costs money.

Many sellers give seasonal discounts from prices during a period when demand for building materials falls. This usually happens from November to February. Follow prices and purchase expensive materials in this period.

What to build a house from, what material?

SNiP 02/23/2003 proposes to carry out, by making appropriate calculations, optimization of the building shell according to.

For different designs shells of the house (walls, floors) calculate the total cost of construction 1 m 2 wall or ceiling surfaces, rub/m 2. The heating costs of a house built using these different shell designs are then determined. For each design, a payback period is found - the period of time during which construction costs will be recouped.

IN different regions, depending on the cost of the fuel and building materials used, as well as the severity of the climate, different results are obtained for the payback period of a particular wall or ceiling structure.

If you do not have specific preferences on what to build a house from, then find out the results of such calculations from local designers. Choose the wall and ceiling design option with the shortest payback period for construction costs in your region.

Calculations and construction practice show that in places with a harsh climate and/or expensive fuel It is more profitable to invest in highly efficient insulation materials.

Advantageous in harsh climates or when heating with electricity build double-layer walls with a thin but durable, and therefore relatively cheap, load-bearing layer (, etc.) with a masonry thickness of 180-250 mm. and insulate them with a fairly thick layer effective insulation — 100-300 mm.

In areas with very harsh winters in a double-layer wall It may be advantageous to lay the load-bearing part from less durable but warmer blocks: aerated concrete, gas silicate, foam concrete or porous ceramics, density 600 - 1200 kg/m 3. This solution will reduce the thickness of the layer of highly efficient insulation, but due to the lower strength of the wall material, the thickness of the walls will have to be increased.

One square meter frame wall contains the maximum amount of highly effective insulation. This is probably the most profitable wall design in terms of return on construction costs.

Frame wall of an inexpensive house for a harsh climate:

Between the frame posts there is a mineral wool insulation board with a density of at least 45 kg/m 3, thickness 100-200 mm.
Externally, insulation boards made of extruded polystyrene foam (EPS) or polystyrene foam or facade slabs from mineral wool with a density of at least 125 kg/m 3, thickness 40 - 100 mm.

However, frame house has, which not all developers like.

It is profitable to build a house with frame walls and in areas with less severe winters. The outer layer of insulation on frame wall in areas with milder climates this may not be necessary.

In areas with mild winter houses made from lightweight, warm porous ceramics or without additional insulation and masonry thickness no more than 510 mm.

Wooden walls from timber or logs in most climatic zones of Russia do not provide modern requirements to heat conservation. Wooden walls of houses for year-round residence need additional insulation.

In the comments, please justify your choice: cheaper, warmer, more durable, etc.

Construction of a house for permanent residence made of brick

Buildings made of brick are the most massive structures. They perfectly resist the effects of all kinds of natural factors and, at the same time, have an attractive appearance. However, in order to build own house, from the most popular material at first glance - brick, you will have to incur quite a few financial costs.

The main advantages of a brick house are the high strength of the material. And according to its characteristics bearing capacity, a wall built from this type of building materials is almost as good as a concrete one. Such characteristics are ideal for both low-rise suburban construction and the construction of multi-storey buildings. In addition, a house made of brick will not burn, rot or shrink.

Only, in terms of energy efficiency, walls made of ceramic or sand-lime bricks lag significantly behind others building materials. In order to ensure sufficient energy efficiency for a private home, Brick wall must have minimum thickness 120 cm. It becomes clear that no one will build a “bunker” with such walls for permanent year-round living, so today brick is increasingly used as a facing material.

Another important disadvantage of building a brick house is the high cost of the material, so it is important to correctly calculate your financial capabilities, otherwise construction may take a very long time. for a long time.

Summarizing all of the above, we can say that the main The advantages of brick as a building material are:

the possibility of long-term operation of the built house;
high frost resistance;
precise geometry of products;
good combination with any type of masonry mortar;
high strength;
aesthetic appearance.

However, brick has many disadvantages:

Low moisture resistance some types of material. For example, sand-lime brick strongly absorbs water; this can be clearly seen when it takes on a dark tint during rain. This quality greatly affects the humidity indoors. In this regard, sand-lime brick is not used for laying basements and basement premises, you should not use sand-lime brick when building a house in regions with high air humidity.
High thermal conductivity. To achieve positive characteristics, it is necessary to resort to additional costs for thermal insulation of walls or thickening them.
High product weight. The brick has a large mass, which makes the structure heavier and creates an even greater load on the foundation. To solve this problem, it is necessary to build a stronger and more solid foundation, and this further increases construction costs.
High price material.

So, it turns out that brick has significant disadvantages, so before making it the main material in the construction of a private house, you should think carefully.

brick houses

Construction of a house from concrete blocks

Today, among building materials, brick is significantly reducing its position, giving way to modern building blocks.

Affordable price is main reason, which determines the selection of blocks. At the same time, building a house for permanent residence from blocks is not only cheaper, but also much faster, since such large-sized material in quantity can replace from 4 to 14 ordinary bricks.

Today the building materials market offers these types of blocks:

gas blocks;
foam blocks;
cinder blocks;
expanded clay concrete blocks;
wood concrete;
shell rock blocks.

Let's take a closer look at each type.

Gas and foam blocks

Gas and foam blocks have the same specifications and are excellent for the construction of low-rise buildings. Their only difference is the internal structure of the material.

Gas blocks are made from a homogeneous mixture of sand, cement and lime with the addition of a special powder - a gas-forming agent, in order to achieve small through channels inside the block.

Foam blocks, on the contrary, they have closed pores inside the material. This structure is achieved during production by adding to concrete mortar special substances - foaming agents. It is worth noting that such production makes it possible to increase the quality of foam blocks, creating additional energy-saving capabilities for the material and significantly reducing its weight. Also, unlike a gas block, whose open channels conduct moisture well, foam blocks do not need additional protection from moisture.

They produce blocks of various formats and thicknesses, which allows the developer to choose the optimal material for individual construction without extra costs. additional insulation. Good geometric data allows you to build houses with a complex structure.

Also, foam blocks and gas blocks do not require complex finishing; this can be done using putty or decorative plaster.

In addition to all the listed advantages, a significant argument in choosing this particular material for construction will be its low cost. Average price on the construction market 1 m 3 is about 3 thousand rubles.

Among the disadvantages of foam and gas blocks are: the following characteristics of these materials:

fragility;
high water permeability (for gas blocks);
mandatory external and internal decoration of the house;
Availability chemical elements in the composition.

houses made of gas blocks and foam blocks from construction companies represented at the exhibition of Low-Rise Country houses.

Cinder blocks and expanded clay concrete blocks

Cinder blocks are also inexpensive building materials, however, due to the too high thermal conductivity of the constructed walls, they require additional insulation. In addition, cinder blocks have a lot of weight. It is these disadvantages that can explain the fact that consumers give greater preference to expanded clay concrete blocks.

As positive characteristics of cinder block developers highlight:

fire resistance;
low cost;
high thermal insulation;
resistance to fungus and mold;
long service life of the built house.

The most basic disadvantages of cinder block are:

fragility of the material;
low moisture resistance;
low sound insulation;
the need for interior and exterior decoration of the house.

Expanded clay concrete block products, at the same cost, are less thermally conductive, more durable and environmentally friendly material.

Expanded clay blocks are a material consisting of expanded clay gravel(the result of special firing of clay) and cement mortar. Such raw materials have high strength indicators and are designed for construction individual houses up to 3 floors. Moreover, the construction process does not take much time. In addition, expanded clay concrete is a fairly warm and environmentally friendly building material, as it does not contain synthetic additives.

Good vapor permeability creates an optimal balance of humidity in the living room.

Prices for expanded clay blocks quite acceptable, 1m 3 will cost approximately 3 thousand rubles.

And also, on our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects houses made of expanded clay blocks from construction companies represented at the exhibition of Low-Rise Country houses.

Arbolit

The constituent components of wood concrete blocks are wood chips and cement mortar with special additives. This composition allows you to get a warm and light block.

Due to its density, wood concrete allows the construction of small buildings, while due to its elasticity, it is able to withstand, among other things, floor slabs.

This material breathes well, is very environmentally friendly, and has excellent heat and sound insulation.

The disadvantages of wood concrete include:

High moisture absorption rate. A house made of wood concrete blocks requires additional protection from moisture, which means that you will have to spend money on insulating and specialized moisture-repellent finishing materials.
The uneven surface of the block leads to some difficulties during the construction of walls, and also causes high flow rate concrete mortar.

Also, a significant disadvantage of wood concrete is often considered to be the large amount of low-quality material on the construction market. Due to the fact that the production of blocks does not require specialized equipment, they are often produced using the artisanal method, using uncertified chemical additives and violations of production technology. All this causes a deterioration in the quality of the finished raw materials, so you need to buy wood concrete only from trusted sellers and manufacturers.

Prices for purchasing wood concrete start from 4 thousand rubles per 1 m 3.

You can also check out the most popular projects on our website. wood concrete houses from construction companies represented at the exhibition of Low-Rise Country houses.

Shell rock blocks

This type of material is the most expensive among blocks and will cost at least 5 thousand rubles per 1 m 3. At the same time, the technique of obtaining raw materials from a marine sedimentary massif additionally imparts fragility to the shell rock.

Advantages of shell rock blocks:

sound absorption;
good thermal insulation;
durability;
good vapor permeability;
environmental friendliness.

In addition, shell rock has a number of exceptional properties determined by its nature. Thus, the material undergoes impregnation during its formation sea salt and absorbs a large amount of iodine. The presence of these substances in the composition of raw materials gives the house made from it healing properties. Also, thanks to iodine, shell rock walls protect very well from radiation.

The disadvantages of shell rock are:

The need for strengthening in the case of building a house of more than two floors using special armored belts.
Lack of standardized block shapes (it is practically impossible to find two shell rock blocks of the same shape).
The need for additional protection of the structure from moisture.
Due to its fragility, the material requires care during transportation, as well as unloading or unloading.

Construction of wooden houses for permanent residence

As for wood, there are two options for building materials:

log;
beam;

A house for permanent residence made of wood puts minimal load on the foundation, which allows you to save money already at the very first stage of construction.

An important point when choosing building materials is also considered to be what to build wooden houses possible regardless of the time of year and in any weather.

House made of timber

Modern timber will allow you to build a neat individual home in any style. He has good geometric parameters, rectangular or square cross-section and smooth, very even sides. Houses made of timber exhibit minimal shrinkage; the manufacture of a log house does not require the use of special construction equipment, and the aesthetic properties of the material make it possible to do without external and interior decoration, and thereby save on finishing work.

The timber has a large number of advantages:

environmental friendliness;
aesthetics;
efficiency of construction;
high level of sound insulation and good thermal conductivity;
strength and reliability of the structure;
Possibility of installation at any time of the year;
does not require the construction of a bulky, expensive foundation;
does not require decorative finishing;
positive, healing properties from wood.

However, timber also has disadvantages:

The need for additional material processing. Main common disadvantage wood products is its susceptibility to moisture and insects. In addition, over time it has the ability to crack and rot, thereby losing its original aesthetic appearance, so the wood must be constantly treated with special substances.
High fire hazard of the material. Any wood is highly flammable, and because of this requires additional protection by treating it with fire-retardant compounds.
Requires additional costs for heat and waterproofing.
Long-term shrinkage. Despite slight shrinkage, sagging a private house will be within six months. In this case, during the shrinkage process, cracks may appear in the walls.

On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects houses made of double timber, laminated timber and profiled timber from construction companies represented at the exhibition of Low-Rise Country houses.

Log house

The classics of wooden houses are log buildings. In addition to the traditional Russian hut, modern construction technologies allow you to build a log house of any configuration, from a small Finnish house to a cozy cottage in the Art Nouveau style.

Modern construction logs are 100% natural and environmentally friendly, which provides excellent natural ventilation premises.

As in the case of timber, no costs are required for a massive foundation.

Strength, reliability and beautiful appearance are also the main characteristics of a log house.

The quick heating of a house made of wood is also an advantage, because it significantly saves heating costs.

The availability and lightness of the material allow you to build a comfortable wooden house in the shortest possible time.

To the disadvantages of logs, like anyone wooden material, include:

susceptibility to rotting;
strong and long-term shrinkage;
fire hazard of the material;
additional costs for insulation and waterproofing of the structure.

Today the construction market offers two types of logs, chopped or rounded.

Rounded log– a product of industrial processing of lumber. It has more low price, do not require additional finishing and look quite attractive.

Chopped logs They are more expensive due to their manual processing, but are more durable.

Beautiful house made of rounded logs

When deciding which specific construction technology to choose, you should pay attention to two aspects:

When building a house from timber and industrially processed logs, there is absolutely no need to cut out recesses (bowls) for greater stability of the structure.
If you choose to build a house from logs manual cutting, then you have to pay for the very expensive work of a professional cutter (a specialist who will cut bowls - special recesses for connecting logs into a log house).

Building a house from a log can hardly be called completely affordable. So, cost of 1 m3 of rounded logs ranges from 7 to 10 thousand rubles, and chopped is much higher.

Also, on our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects houses made of hand-cut logs and rounded logs from construction companies represented at the exhibition of Low-Rise Country houses.

Construction of a frame house for permanent residence

When starting to build your own home, you want to choose the cheapest material for building a house - in order to maximize savings. But the pursuit of low prices for building materials can result in both expensive maintenance in the future and an increase in the cost of construction as a whole. How to build a cheap house?

What determines the cost of a home?

The final price tag for construction depends on several factors. Materials play an important, but not the only, role here. So, the construction estimate will include:

If you do a monolithic fill, you will need a large amount of wood for the formwork. And working alone on weekends, construction is delayed indefinitely, which is also not always economically profitable.

The cheapest materials for building a house are those made by yourself?

There is an opinion that materials made with my own hands, will be much cheaper than those purchased from the manufacturer. Of course, there are recipes for different brands of concrete; you can build your own walls from straw or even fill the frame with sawdust.

This is economically justified in the following cases:

the presence of free assistants - it is difficult to stir, fill and press alone, which can lead to poorly performed work;
no need to travel to work five days a week - otherwise construction will often have to be postponed due to weather conditions;
opportunities to obtain equipment and raw materials for building materials at very low prices - delivery of sawdust from another region will not be cheap.

So, the cheapest construction options:

Straw walls with clay coating. They have good thermal insulation, but require repairs due to rodents that live in the thickness of the wall.

Abrolite or sawdust concrete. You can make it yourself or purchase ready-made blocks. In the first case, you will have to wait a long time for the sawdust concrete to dry; in the second, you will have to build walls as quickly as possible and make external finishing, since wood concrete is hygroscopic.

Clay burr or cordwood. Dry logs and logs, cleared of bark, are used. Lay across the wall on clay mortar. The ends of the wood must be impregnated with antiseptics or fired, otherwise they will strongly absorb moisture.

Backfilling with sawdust or expanded clay. To do this, it is done on the frame permanent formwork from edged boards, into which the insulation is poured.

The appearance of a house made from these materials is rather unsightly. And if it’s quite easy to beat up straw walls or peeking out logs, you’ll also have to make a screed on top of the wood concrete. Another significant disadvantage homemade materials- they are not strong enough. But that's everyone's problem frame houses. To hang shelves or install kitchen set, it is necessary to provide for embedded boards at the construction stage.

Economical building materials - what are they?

If, out of common sense, you decide to abandon independent production, you should take a closer look at the prices on the market. What is the cheapest building material? Paradoxically, almost any:

wood - can be purchased extremely cheaply in the forest belt, but in steppe zone it costs expensive;
brick – when building next to a brick factory, you will be able to buy red brick at manufacturer prices;
aerated concrete and foam concrete are lightweight and relatively easy-to-construct materials that have good thermal insulation;
frame construction is the most a budget option, suitable for any climate, but requiring forced ventilation.

Not every carpenter can assemble a log house with high quality, so you will also have to take into account the cost of the builders’ work. The same applies to a brick house - the distortion of the masonry will result in large-scale alignment of the walls.

So when choosing materials, you need to take into account the cost of working with them. For example, aerated concrete is laid with a special glue, due to which the gaps between the blocks are minimal.

This allows you to save on finishing costs, but requires careful attention from builders. Foam concrete does not differ in the quality of its geometry - the blocks can be skewed and differ in size. It is unpleasant to work with such material; it is difficult to level the walls.

As a result, the cost of work is higher.

How to save money globally on construction?

It is not building materials alone that can reduce the cost of building your own home. To save as much as possible, you need to:

Think over a plan for the future building. How simpler layout- the cheaper it is to equip it. You shouldn’t place bathrooms at different ends of the building - laying pipes will cost a pretty penny. Placing the kitchen next to the bathroom will also save on pipes. The even geometry of the walls, the absence of non-functional niches and differences in floor heights, although they look simple, do not require extra costs. Together this will give up to 20% savings on the total cost.

Refuse architectural excesses. Balconies, terraces and a multi-level roof can increase the value of a home by 10-15%. It is much more rational to build in the future small gazebo or add an open terrace.

Use building materials produced in your region, abandoning popular and advertised ones. This will not only allow you to buy them cheaper, but also not overpay for delivery. Thus, houses made of shell rock in the Altai Territory are among the most budget-friendly, but Moscow cannot boast of a low price for this material.

Make it as easy as possible rafter system using the lungs roofing materials. Then, instead of a 10x10 cm beam, it will be possible to use a 5x10 cm board laid on the end, without reducing the pitch of the rafters.

Refuse basement. Activities for pouring, waterproofing and rough finishing of the basement will add another 20% of the cost to the estimate.

Selection of building materials

If the building materials market offers several types to choose from, that’s great. Indeed, in this case, you can compare all the advantages and disadvantages and purchase materials that combine low price and good quality.

General characteristics to look for:

durability - if the house lasts for a maximum of 10 years, savings on materials are quite doubtful;
simplicity and accessibility of installation - the need to use heavy equipment at a construction site can negate all savings;
environmental friendliness - maintaining natural humidity in the house is achieved through “breathable” materials, otherwise you will have to take care of forced ventilation;
heat capacity and thermal insulation are two parameters responsible for future efficiency, because the house should not only be cheap during construction, but also during operation.

Having considered the most popular building materials, you can choose the most suitable option for yourself.

Wooden houses

Houses made of timber are considered the most environmentally friendly and one of the best at maintaining an optimal microclimate. Wooden building features advantages:

But this structure also has disadvantages. So, the quality of literally every log is very important - an undried tree will begin to twist, and the appearance of longitudinal cracks, the ends must be “sealed” with an ax to prevent the wood from becoming waterlogged due to precipitation. If you deviate from the classical processing of logs in favor of using modern antiseptic and fire retardant solutions, the house ceases to be environmentally friendly.

Ready-made kits are expensive, but it’s difficult to assemble inexpensive log house only professionals can make it from round timber. After all, you will have to adjust each log! In addition, in regions with cold winters the thickness of the walls wooden hut should be at least 50 cm to ensure minimal heat loss during the heating season. Finding logs of this diameter will also cost a pretty penny.

To allow the house to “breathe”, it cannot be insulated with polystyrene foam, only with vapor-permeable mineral wool. And to prevent the insulation from getting wet, be sure to install a ventilated façade. There are also certain restrictions for interior decoration - it is better to use modern vapor-permeable membranes if you plan to cover the house with plasterboard or clapboard.

But the log house is beautiful in its original form. To get a cozy and draft-free home, you need to regularly check and caulk cracks in the walls. Special attention is given to the system of corner locks - a simple cut into half a tree will not provide the necessary insulation and will lead to the formation of cold spots.

Brick houses

Brick has excellent heat capacity. This means that when heating is started, the house will warm up for a long time, but then cool down for just as long. For permanent residence - great option. But for a country house visited on weekends, this will be a waste of money on heating. After all, by the time the house warms up, you need to go back to the city.

For one-story buildings, walls of 1.5 bricks will be sufficient. But this wall thickness is completely unsuitable for winters, where the temperature drops to -20 degrees.

In order not to increase the cost of brickwork, the house will have to be insulated from the outside. What is especially pleasant during construction brick buildings– you can use any insulation! Thus, by choosing foam plastic with a thickness of only 5 cm, you can reduce heat loss at home from 125 kWh per square meter to 53 kWh per heating season. In other words, you can cut your heating costs in half.

To the disadvantages brick houses can be attributed:

large weight of the structure - you will need a buried strip foundation, which will significantly increase the cost of construction;
duration of construction - a team of five people can lift the frame of a house in three weeks, subject to continuous work, but working alone increases the time significantly;
finishing work - if you can live in the log house immediately after construction, brick house requires mandatory screeding of walls and floors followed by finishing.

Houses made of aerated block or foam block

These buildings have all the advantages and disadvantages of brick houses. At the same time, they have their own characteristics:

At the same time, the price per cubic meter of brick and aerated block is almost the same. And given the need for insulation on the facade, the advantages of aerated concrete over ceramic bricks are quite illusory. But due to the large size of the blocks, building a house is quite simple, which determines the low cost of the work.

Frame houses

For those who are really strapped for money, frame construction is a real salvation. A house on a wooden frame with mineral insulation is several times cheaper than all previous options. And that's why:

But despite the obvious advantages frame construction, preference is still given to brickwork. All because of no less significant shortcomings:

On the other hand, approaching the construction frame house wisely and without saving on building materials, you can get a good and reliable structure that will last for decades. And in the future, it will be just as easy to dismantle the frame and put a solid brick house in its place.

Build a small one cozy house it can be done in a few months, and this video confirms this:

Every person who has purchased a small plot of land for a summer cottage strives to build a house or a similar easily erected structure in a short time. To have a place to relax after a hard time working day, or shelter from inclement weather. Well, it’s natural to get settled in everyday life. Of course, it is advisable to build a house so that it can accommodate the whole family and guests who come for the weekend. The task is, of course, enormous, but quite doable if you have accumulated savings to build a country house, because a large amount of new building material will be required.

If possible, you can hire hired workers to build this structure.

Of course, this will add significantly financial expenses for your family, and if this is not possible, you will have to build a country house with your own hands.

Mostly, dacha owners build their houses with their own hands in order to save money on rent. construction crew and invite relatives and friends to the construction site to help, which naturally reduces the cost of the construction process.

Summer residents also sometimes use used materials, which can be purchased at half the price compared to market prices, but this will reduce the durability of the structure by half.

When building his country house, the author decided not to skimp on the basic material and buy everything on the construction market so that it would last for a century and the house would last a long time, delighting his family and his guests with its comfort and aesthetic appearance.

The main material for construction was, of course, wood, which could be better and more beautiful than wood. The author purchased bars and boards at a local sawmill, which turned out to be much cheaper than in a hardware store.

When starting construction, I first drilled holes for the supporting pillars, inserted them and filled them with cement mortar. I tied the poles with boards and left them for a day for the solution to dry. Then he began construction, step by step moving towards his cherished goal.

And so now let's take a closer look at how he built his country house, and what he needed for this.

Materials: board 30 mm, timber 100 by 100, timber 40 by 60, batten 50 mm, insulation, professional sheet, lath, fiberboard.
Tools: a circular saw, drill, drill, screwdriver, hammer, shovel, electric plane, angle, ruler, tape measure, circular saw.

And so the first thing he did was invite his neighbor and together they drilled holes to install the pillars.

Then I installed the posts and filled the holes with cement mortar.

I made a screed at the bottom and top so that the pillars would stand level, and after a day, after the solution had gained hardness, I began further construction.