How to plaster aerated concrete walls along the guides. Plastering aerated concrete walls: technology, necessary equipment

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Upon completion of construction, the question arises of how to decorate your home with inside, that is, what to plaster the inside of aerated concrete with. This material is more often used in small buildings that have 2 floors.

This popularity of aerated concrete has several reasons:

• low weight, which allows you to save on specialized equipment and construction time;
• retains heat well, therefore, even if the house is built in an area where there are frequent low temperatures, owners don’t have to worry about it being cold at home;
• if you compare this material With ceramic bricks, then the second one has thermal resistance 3 times higher;
• such a house will be reliably protected from street noise;
• air permeability is also high, so there will never be stale air in such a building;
• influence environment and weather conditions do not at all affect the strength and durability of this material;
• high resistance of aerated concrete to open fire.

But you should know that plaster for aerated concrete is selected depending on the brand of density.

Due to its porous structure, aerated concrete was given the role of insulation. During masonry, ordinary adhesive solutions, since accurate geometric shape allows you not to think about the number and size of seams.

But it is worth noting one negative feature - low bending strength. This, in turn, requires the creation monolithic foundation, reinforced masonry, floors and rafter structures.

How to properly finish aerated concrete walls

You should know that aerated concrete walls are somewhat different from surfaces created using other materials. Aerated concrete has a porous block structure, as it falls into the category of lightweight cellular concrete. As noted above, at first this material was used as additional insulation, and later became independent.

The porosity of the structure is achieved by adding aluminum powder to the mixture. It reacts with other components, during which gas bubbles are formed. And this helps to improve the vapor barrier properties. This feature influences how the internal one will be done.

The most cost-effective and easy way interior wall decoration - plaster. It is used not only for interior walls, but also for the facade of the house, but you should always start plastering from the inside. This is done to ensure that water has an outlet, otherwise it accumulates in the walls of the house, which leads to the formation of condensation, fungi and mold.

During construction in winter period the fumes will crystallize, which inevitably leads to cracking of the plaster with its subsequent peeling. Therefore, you need to start plastering from the internal surfaces, moving towards the external walls.

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Plaster for aerated concrete: options

Important selection criterion finishing material- do not clog the pores, otherwise vapor permeability will be impaired. This means that cement-sand mortars are not suitable for such purposes. Otherwise, moisture will be absorbed into the body of the block, and when it begins to dry out, cracks will appear. Moreover, neither a primer nor a high-quality putty will save the situation.

It is necessary to select a material that could emphasize the breathable feature of aerated concrete, otherwise the home microclimate will be disrupted. The modern construction market offers special plaster, which is designed for working with cellular concrete.

In some cases, they adhere to a different direction - to create maximum vapor barrier. This option ensures a longer service life of the building. This occurs due to the fact that aerated concrete is saturated with the required level of moisture due to the lack of steam escaping to the street.

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Materials for plastering on aerated concrete

There are several options for how interior wall decoration is carried out:

1. Plaster and gypsum. If you plaster the walls with a mixture of plaster and gypsum putty, the level of vapor permeability increases. For this work, it is necessary to choose those materials that have high indicators for this property. The best option is gypsum and its derivatives, because the basis of such mixtures is perlite sand and slaked lime. The convenience of this method is that there is no need to prime the walls. This coating does not prevent the penetration of vapors.
2. Plastering can also be done with mixtures made from chalk, limestone, marble or dolomite. An important point Determining the correct mixture also depends on the size of the fractions that make up such a plaster. This determines how easily and evenly the composition will be distributed over the aerated concrete, as well as what its color will be after drying and how difficult it is to rub it. The presence of polymer components does not affect the vapor permeability of the material. Treated walls almost immediately become ready for further finishing activities.

It should be remembered that the plaster will last a long time only if the surface of the aerated concrete is pre-primed.

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Interior finishing of aerated concrete with vapor barrier materials

For walls made of aerated concrete, it is necessary to use a porous plaster mixture with high vapor permeability.

This point is also important when working with reverse surfaces. For this purpose, you can simply use plastic film. But if the technology is not followed, condensation may appear, and the plaster itself will swell.

Therefore, it is necessary to plaster the walls sand-cement mixtures, which do not contain lime or dolomite. This will help reduce the transfer of water vapor, but the plaster itself will certainly peel off. Therefore, this point must be taken into account in mandatory to imagine the consequences of a choice.

To reduce the effect of vapor barrier, you can first prime the walls with 3-4 layers, and if you additionally paint them with oil paint, the effect will be enhanced.

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How to plaster walls and what you need for this

To prepare the mixture and then apply it to the walls, you must have the following materials:

• mixing container, it can be a bucket or tank;
• a construction mixer or drill with a special attachment for mixing solutions;
• Master OK;
• grater;
• beacons;
• primer.

Typically, plaster is prepared by mixing dry mixture and water in the proportions indicated on the package. Once the composition has reached the desired consistency, it is applied to the surface using a trowel using the throwing method. It is necessary to distribute the solution over the aerated concrete as well as possible, which will help create a minimum of differences and seams. To ensure that the surface is evenly treated, beacons are installed.

After the solution has completely dried, it is treated with a grater. Next, you need to prime the walls. The number of layers depends on the quality and brand of plaster used.

To detect possible defects, you need a rail with a length equal to the height of the ceilings. They apply it tightly to the surface and see if there are differences. If they do not exceed 0.5 cm, then they are left; otherwise, such irregularities must be eliminated.

The approach to plastering the internal surfaces of aerated concrete walls is somewhat different from similar work on brick and concrete walls.

From this article you will learn what exactly should be taken into account when plastering aerated concrete, how to properly solve the issue of vapor barrier, and what mixture is best to use. The sequence of doing the work yourself will also be considered step by step, corresponding the right technology aerated concrete plaster and mortar proportion ratio.

There are two options: use materials for a vapor-permeable finish that will not interfere with the original properties of the aerated block, or use a vapor barrier finish that significantly reduces the vapor permeability coefficient of the material.

The first option is good because the vapor permeability of the walls of the house ensures that the microclimate in the building will constantly self-regulate, as a result of which life in it will be as comfortable as possible; you will not need to worry about dampness, the formation of fungi or mold on the inner surface of the walls.

By artificially reducing vapor permeability, you will lose all this, but you will gain more durable layer facade plaster of the house.

The fact is that it is the steam escaping from the inside of the house through its walls that is the main cause of cracking of the external plaster coating in the cold season.

This happens due to the “dew point” - when steam, the temperature of which is lower than the air temperature, condenses on the surface of the wall under a layer external plaster, freezes and causes peeling of the cladding.

Type selection plaster mixture rests entirely on your shoulders. You must approach it as responsibly as possible, and be fully aware of what exactly you want to receive and what you are sacrificing in return.

Feedback from builders responsible for plastering walls made of aerated concrete indicates that most customers prefer the option of a vapor-permeable finish.

1.2 Which plaster is better to use?

As you can understand from what you read above, there are two types of plaster mixtures for finishing work on walls made of aerated concrete inside a building - vapor barrier and vapor permeable.

Vapor-permeable plaster mixtures include gypsum-based mixtures in proportion. The best option, which has the best price-quality ratio, is the “Pobedit Egida TM35” plaster mixture, which contains lime.

Egida TM35 (lime) has all the properties that should be inherent in a high-quality mixture for aerated concrete - minimum weight, high adhesive properties, and strength of the hardened layer.

This mixture is based on gypsum (lime) and perlite sand, and also contains slaked lime, which guarantees the maintenance of optimal vapor barrier characteristics walls of the house.

If after the plaster layer no additional wall cladding is planned (painting the plaster layer is quite common design solution today), then you should give preference to the “Egida S50” mixture, which contains lime.

This material, although it has slightly lower vapor conductivity, due to the presence of a 2.5% concentration of polymer impurities in the composition, guarantees maximum strength and whiteness of the walls, since the mixture is based on lime and gypsum with a fraction size of 60 to 90 μN, which is 30-50 percent higher less than products in the same price category.

The category of vapor barrier plaster mixtures includes materials that contain a large number of polymer impurities - this has gained wide popularity in Lately plastic plaster.

This also includes ordinary cement-sand plaster, the composition of which does not contain additives in form of lime, or dolomite flour. To ensure maximum vapor barrier (reducing steam transmission by 11-12 times), it is necessary to apply a composition of sand-cement plaster 2-2.5 centimeters thick. For large areas, a plastering station for sand-cement mortar can be used. Since plastering the walls is cement sand mortar premises is not an easy task.

There are also more radical inexpensive ways reducing the vapor conductivity of aerated concrete walls, for example, placing a regular polyethylene film under a layer of plaster, however this method It is not recommended to use due to the fact that peeling of the finish from the walls may occur due to the formation of condensation on the surface of the film.

The most cost-effective option for vapor barrier plaster for interior walls aerated concrete house is the composition of the usual inexpensive gypsum mixture together with vapor barrier primers such as “Pobedit Grunt-Concentrate” and the like.

To achieve the desired effect, you will have to prime the aerated block walls 3-4 times, which will reduce the vapor permeability of plaster 10 millimeters thick by almost 5 times.

It is also worth taking into account the surface finishing of the room, for example, plaster painted with oil paint loses about 30% of its composition in vapor transfer; gluing wallpaper, especially fleece, also contributes to a similar effect.

2 Required tools and technology for performing work

The composition of the tools used to plaster the internal surfaces of aerated block walls is no different from the tools for similar work on other surfaces.

You will need a container in which to mix the plaster mixture- a plastic or metal bucket or tank, the main thing is that the size is suitable. For high-quality mixing, you need a drill with a mixing attachment, so it is quite difficult to bring the mixture to the desired consistency with your own hands - clots and lumps will form.

The proportions and composition of the dry mixture and water are indicated by the manufacturer on each package; do not neglect these recommendations, as they may vary for different plasters.

The plaster mixture is applied to the aerated concrete using a trowel or a special plaster ladle. Leveling and plastering is carried out using a fork and spatulas.

If you need to apply a thick layer of plaster, over 1 cm, to the wall, it is recommended to purchase plaster markers for plastering, which greatly simplify leveling and plastering with mortar. The surface can be rubbed using a plaster float or regular fine sandpaper.

If the walls are covered with a thick layer of plaster, then it is necessary to use a reinforcing mesh, which will strengthen the finishing layer and prevent it from cracking and peeling.

The mesh also improves the adhesion of the solution and the gas block, As a result, applying the mixture to the wall surface is much easier. It is best to use plaster fiberglass mesh with a mesh size of 5x5 mm.

Stages of work:

1. We prepare the surface - clean the walls from dust, glue residues, and any contaminants. Oil stains are degreased with alcohol or gasoline. If the stain cannot be treated, then it is necessary to hollow it out of the gas block and repair the resulting unevenness with plaster mortar.
2. The walls are covered with a layer of primer. The number of layers is determined by the technology and requirements for the vapor permeability of the walls; however, to apply the next layer, you must wait until the previous layer is completely dry.
3. If necessary, reinforcing mesh is mounted on the walls. The mesh should be installed tightly, without sagging - this is best done using dowels with wide heads.
4. A rough layer of plaster mixture is applied. The solution is evenly sprayed onto the wall using a trowel and leveled using the rule.
5. After the rough layer has set, it is covered with a primer and carefully leveled.
6. After the rough layer has completely hardened, the wall is plastered with a finishing mixture, leveling which is done using a spatula.

Two days after applying the finishing putty, you can begin decorative finishing works.

2.1 Analysis of the features of plastering aerated concrete walls (video)

But it differs from them in the composition of the air bubbles inside.

Aerated concrete blocks are made from cement with a mass fraction of at least 50%.

Aerated concrete walls require external and internal finishing due to porosity and high level of moisture absorption.

Features of aerated concrete

This building material has a cellular structure, which gives it special properties:

• good thermal insulation - the characteristics of aerated concrete are comparable to wood;
• low mechanical stability, which leads to the appearance of cracks and chips over time;
• the porous material is blown by air currents, which is why houses made from it without finishing are considered quite cold;
• unaesthetic appearance;
• high absorbency leads to corrosion of the material in winter, during frosts.

The special structure of aerated concrete blocks requires careful processing with finishing materials to improve its quality characteristics. External plastering is carried out using special solutions that are selected for certain conditions environmental influences. Proper plaster aerated concrete walls provide reliable protection base and its durability, and also allows you to give a more aesthetic appearance to the room.

How and with what to plaster aerated concrete indoors?

Regardless of the type of plaster you choose, you need to start finishing work indoors. Changing the order and plastering the facade of the building will lead to excess humidity in room. The fact is that when steam leaves the room, especially in winter, condensation accumulates between the blocks and finishing, creating places with excess moisture. This is the main cause of cracks on the surface and crumbling of the plaster. To avoid such troubles, you should first start plastering the walls made of aerated blocks indoors. Experienced craftsmen distinguish two types of plastering technology aerated concrete walls in the house:

• ensuring complete vapor barrier;
• maintaining and increasing the vapor permeability of the material.

The main element of plastering aerated concrete using the first technology is polyethylene film. It is fixed between layers of mortar, and the vapor permeability of the walls is reduced several times. Also used for vapor barrier oil paints, which are applied as a finishing touch, and priming the base with special compounds.

Dependence of internal plastering technology on external finishing

To accurately determine the approach to interior work, you need to decide on exterior plastering. Plastering aerated concrete walls outside the room affects the method and sequence of actions for finishing the room:

1. When outer wall already has some kind of coating or is insulated with dense and vapor-proof materials, then moisture will accumulate in the walls. In this situation, interior finishing is carried out using materials with low vapor permeability. You also need to take care of a reliable ventilation system so that moisture does not accumulate in the corners of the room and on the windows.
2. When a facade made of aerated concrete is not covered with anything, or is treated with porous insulation, such as mineral wool, then its vapor permeability is not impaired. In this case, it is necessary to first carry out work on the interior decoration of the room, and then move on to the exterior.

Preparing the base

The technology for plastering walls made of aerated concrete is practically no different from working with any other surface. First of all, you need to make sure that the walls are smooth, and if they are not, sand them with a plane or aerated concrete float. Many craftsmen skip this stage, but as a result, the costs of plaster, which is also used to smooth out defects, increase. Before applying the primer, aerated concrete walls are wetted with water. For drier rooms, it is recommended to choose a universal composition, and for the kitchen and bathroom - a deep penetration primer. \

Construction beacons are mounted on the dried surface, which will serve as a guide for successful plastering of the room. After installing the beacons, the internal plaster of the aerated concrete walls will lie smoothly, and the work will progress faster.

The technology for finishing the façade of a building differs slightly from standards. First, the walls are cleaned of dust and leveled. Gaps and cracks are filled with special aerated concrete adhesive. After drying, it is necessary to apply a layer of primer for cellular materials. An important stage preparatory work for plastering the facades of buildings made of aerated concrete is to reinforce the surface using a mesh. When choosing the type of reinforcing mesh, you must pay attention to the fact that under the influence of an alkaline environment, the material from which it is made can dissolve. Experts recommend choosing fiberglass types.

Plastering aerated concrete (video)

How to plaster aerated concrete surfaces

So that the repair of an aerated concrete house lasts long years It is necessary to competently approach the choice of material for finishing the walls inside and outside. Masters distinguish four options for processing walls made of cellular material:

1. Gypsum plaster.
2. Cement-sand mortar.
3. Facade mixtures.
4. Drywall.

The last option is the so-called dry plaster. What better than drywall or plaster on walls made of aerated concrete is a controversial issue. Plastering the surface is expensive and labor-intensive process. Working with plasterboard takes less time and, as a result, you get smooth walls. Procedure:

• vapor barrier of surfaces using polyethylene film, membrane or glassine;
• installation of lathing for fastening gypsum boards;
• fastening drywall to the frame;
• filling joints between sheets using serpyanka tape.

Any type of paint can be applied to an aerated concrete wall leveled in this way. decorative finishing. What plaster is best for plastering aerated concrete walls? To answer this question, it is necessary to know the specifics of solutions and their interaction with the base material.

Disadvantages of different types of plasters

Name	Flaws
Cement	Low level of adhesion in relation to aerated block
	High moisture content
	The vapor permeability index is lower than that of an aerated block, so cement mortar can only be used when used for interior decoration vapor-proof materials (polyethylene film, etc.)
Plaster	Collects moisture during snow and rain
	The appearance of stains on the plaster
	Vapor permeability is not high level
Facade	The only drawback of this type of plasters is their high cost.

Gypsum plaster

The main advantages of gypsum mortar for treating aerated concrete walls include:

• quick drying;
• high level of adhesion;
• there is no need to apply an additional smooth layer;
• Possibility of leveling the plaster for finishing.

Knauf Rotband, Bonolit and Pobedit Velvet are popular among craftsmen.

Cement-sand plaster

If this option was nevertheless chosen for finishing aerated concrete walls, then there are several ways to improve the composition for better interaction with the base. You can increase adhesion by adding more cement mortar to the standard mixture recipe (for 100 kg of concrete you will need 8-10 kg of lime). The second option, which is acceptable, but still not recommended by craftsmen, is to add a mixture for processing aerated concrete (1:1 proportion) to the cement-sand plaster. Among the leaders in sales of mixtures of this type are solutions of the Baumit brand and domestic Craps Extra-light.

Facade solutions

This type of mixture, in the case of aerated concrete, is suitable for both interior and exterior use. The main positive aspects of working with special plasters for aerated concrete:

• high adhesion rate;
• resistance to deformation and cracking;
• vapor permeability is equal to that of aerated concrete;
• nice view;
• does not require additional finishing work.

Do-it-yourself plastering of walls on aerated concrete is demonstrated in the video below. With a competent approach to work and studying materials, even a novice master can cope with plastering a house made of aerated concrete blocks.

Low-rise construction using gas silicate blocks has become widespread in all climatic zones of our country. Unique properties materials, which we will discuss in detail below, allow the construction of aerated concrete structures in hot regions and in places where negative temperatures prevail. However, implement directly construction works- only half the battle. The comfort of further living in the house, its durability and preservation of operational characteristics depend on the competent finishing of the facade and the inner surface of the walls. One of the main stages is plastering indoor aerated concrete walls. Let's take a closer look at the technology of the finishing process and the nuances that affect the quality of the final result.

Features of plaster on aerated concrete

To figure out what, when and how to plaster aerated concrete correctly, you need to study the properties of the concrete itself. building material. The peculiarities of plastering walls are associated precisely with the unique characteristics of gas silicate blocks.

Initially, aerated concrete was developed as a material that was used to insulate buildings. Therefore, research was carried out in the direction of creating a porous structure, which, as is known, provides maximum thermal insulation.

As a result, two varieties emerged:

• foam concrete, the porosity of which is achieved by forced mechanical foaming;
• aerated concrete, in which gas bubbles are formed by adding aluminum chips that react with the main composition (hence the name of the material).

During the process of creating blocks, gas bubbles tend to the surface, making their way through the thickness of the mixture. Therefore, the cells in the structure of aerated concrete are not isolated, but represent a unique system of interconnected channels. This is due to main feature material, thanks to which the finishing technology for gas silicate differs significantly from other building materials. This difference is vapor permeability. Aerated concrete perfectly conducts saturated water vapor through its structure. At the same time, it has increased hygroscopicity, that is, it is able to quickly absorb moisture and retain it inside for a long time.

Based on the foregoing, the fundamental principle for plastering walls made of aerated concrete looks like this: water vapor should be able to be easily removed from the thickness of the walls or should not penetrate inside at all. Failure to comply with this approach is fraught with serious problems during the cold season: negative temperatures the moisture inside the blocks will freeze, and the material will simply “tear”: cracks will appear, shedding will begin, not only the appearance, but also the thermal insulation characteristics. To prevent this from happening, an integrated approach to choosing options for the exterior and interior decoration of a building is required.

We immediately answer the question: is it necessary to carry out external work? Definitely yes, because:

• the impact of environmental factors on the porous structure of the material will lead to accelerated erosion;
• the above-mentioned structure, consisting of almost end-to-end microchannels, makes the material sufficiently blown by air currents, which creates discomfort when living in a house in cold, windy weather;
• insufficient mechanical strength of the exposed material makes it vulnerable to accidental impacts and other force impacts;
• a finished wall definitely has aesthetic advantages over untreated masonry.

Dependence of internal plaster on facade finishing

To clearly demonstrate the reasons for the need to select a material for interior work in accordance with the design option for the external surface of the walls, consider the main characteristics various types aerated concrete. For ease of perception, we will form pivot table parameters:

From the above data it is clear that even the densest and most durable brand of aerated concrete has a high energy saving rate (the value of the thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.15 was compared with the same indicator natural wood, traditionally considered the standard warm materials). At the same time, vapor permeability remains at a significant level for all brands of gas silicate.

In the process of human life, interior spaces Moisture is constantly released into the air. In addition to the normal breathing of the inhabitants of the house, there are household processes, including washing and drying clothes, washing dishes, and high humidity in sanitary facilities is their integral property. As mentioned above, excess moisture must either be easily removed through gas silicate walls, or not reach the surface of the material at all.

If special vapor-permeable plaster is used for exterior work, then a similar composition must be used inside. As a result, the overall vapor conductivity will remain virtually unchanged compared to the original characteristics of aerated concrete, and the aesthetic appeal and wear resistance of the structure will increase significantly.

Ventilated facades

An alternative option for exterior finishing, in which vapor-permeable plaster is also used for interior work, is the creation of ventilated facades. This technique involves installing a ventilation gap between the wall surface and the layer of finishing material. The most common examples of such options are siding or trim. brickwork"into the loose" The creation of ventilated facades provides for the possibility of additional external insulation of the walls, but here it is also necessary to use materials with appropriate vapor permeability: mineral wool quite acceptable, while foam and extruded polystyrene boards are categorically unacceptable.

Other finishing options

Other materials for facade decoration (traditional plaster compositions, adhesive bases for decorative stone, porcelain stoneware, etc.) interfere with the vapor permeability of aerated concrete, therefore interior work must also provide maximum vapor barrier. In such cases, it is advisable to use special hydrophobic primers and finishing materials based on sand and cement, and the thickness of the plaster should be significantly greater than for compositions used while maintaining the ability of the walls to transmit water vapor.

With this method of finishing, the room must have a well-thought-out ventilation system. Otherwise, constant humidity will lead to multiple manifestations of fungus and mold.

Materials

The given recommendations help solve the problem of choice budget options interior decoration. Which is better: plaster or drywall? The vapor conductivity coefficient of the densest aerated concrete is 0.16, and the same indicator for gypsum sheets = 0.07, which is more than two times less. Therefore, it is recommended to use drywall only in the case of installing blind vapor barriers. external facades, to create a ventilated structure, it is necessary to use plaster mixtures for aerated concrete surfaces inside the house.

With regard to the kitchen, bathroom and toilet in houses made of gas silicate, the question no less often arises: is it possible to lay tiles? The answer is similar: since the vapor conductivity of ceramic products is close to zero, such finishing is permissible with hydrophobic design of the walls on the outside.

How to plaster aerated concrete

Having understood the features of the technology, let’s move on to choosing the finishing material itself. With today's variety of building mixtures, it is not difficult to decide what to plaster with.

Most branded manufacturers of building materials produce compounds for working on aerated concrete. The most popular plasters include AeroStone, Bonolit, Ceresit or Knauf. Vapor-permeable plasters are somewhat more expensive than conventional plasters, so when deciding which is better, the financial side plays an important role.

Before purchasing, be sure to read the product description and make sure that the mixture you are purchasing is actually intended for use on aerated concrete.

Preparing the walls

So, is it necessary to plaster? We’ve sorted it out, decided on suitable materials, and let’s get to work. Gas silicate blocks have standard size and are laid in perfectly even rows, so preliminary leveling of the surface requires minimal effort and time. This is usually done using grout mesh or sandpaper.

The next step is priming for plaster. This procedure cannot be skipped, because otherwise the finishing material will not adhere well to the walls or will quickly crack during use.

Plastering process

Next we move on to the finishing work itself. The technology for plastering aerated concrete walls indoors is not much different from similar work on any wall base and can be easily done with your own hands:

• vertical beacons are installed along the width of the rule;
• Preliminary puttying of the walls without plaster is carried out to secure the fiberglass mesh.

Is a mesh needed?

We will devote a separate section to this aspect. Plaster is a rather fragile coating. Therefore, with the slightest shrinkage of the foundation, cracks may appear on the surface, despite the monolithic reinforcing belts and other strength of the structure. Such phenomena can be avoided by laying a special mesh made of materials resistant to alkaline environments. Strong fibers reinforce the surface and prevent cracking.

Despite additional expenses for purchase, the answer to the question - is a mesh needed - is clearly affirmative.

If you want the finish to last for a long time, do not start work immediately after construction is completed. The house needs to stand for at least 6 months, and preferably 1 – 1.5 years. This will allow the aerated concrete to achieve optimal moisture levels, and the foundation to undergo final shrinkage.

We continue the plastering process:

• spread a layer of plaster from bottom to top over the area to be treated;
• guided by the beacons, we level the surface;
• dismantle the beacons and seal their attachment points;
• After drying, we finally rub down the walls.

Tools

Scroll necessary tools small:

• sandpaper and grout mesh;
• long profiles for beacons;
• brush or roller for applying primer;
• container for diluting the plaster mixture;
• spatula for application;
• rule for leveling the surface

Putty

If you plan to further paint the aerated concrete, after plastering it is recommended to carry out finishing putty. This will improve the adhesion of the paint to the surface and increase its service life. To carry out the operation, use special compounds for puttying aerated concrete, sold in construction supermarkets.

Construction of floors from aerated concrete material has a number of advantages. First of all, it is light weight and low thermal conductivity. In order to avoid destruction, a wall made of this material must be subjected to finishing. Due to its porous structure, plastering of aerated concrete walls indoors is carried out with nuances related to maintaining the microclimate inside the house. Therefore, not every finishing material can be used.

Material properties

Before you start choosing the composition of plaster for walls made of aerated blocks, it is advisable to understand what properties they have and why not every type of finishing material is suitable. Aerated concrete is an energy-efficient material for various types of construction. According to its parameters, it belongs to the group cellular concrete, since most of its volume consists of gas bubbles. The advantages of such building material are:

• thermal insulation properties;
• low specific gravity;
• good sound insulation;
• fire resistance of I and II degrees;
• ease of processing.

Working with aerated concrete is easy and quick. You can build a house from it yourself, without resorting to services construction organizations. In about a day a person can fit up to three cubic meters gas blocks. The material contains cement, lime, sand, aluminum paste and water. All substances are mixed in a given proportion, the value of which determines the strength of the resulting block. The reaction between aluminum paste and lime produces hydrogen. It contributes to the appearance of a huge number of pores, reaching maximum size equal to two millimeters.

The mixed mass with the ongoing reaction is sent into molds, where it hardens. Afterwards, the frozen form is cut into standard blocks and polished. Despite all its advantages, aerated concrete blocks are hygroscopic material. This means that not every finishing mixture is suitable for plastering walls made of aerated blocks. Due to the highly porous structure, internal plastering of aerated concrete walls is simply necessary to protect it from the effects of environmental humidity. Moisture quickly penetrates into the thickness of unprotected gas blocks through the structure of air bubbles, causing their destruction.

Features of use

Construction technology using aerated concrete is not particularly different from the construction of walls from other types of block materials. The only difference is in the binder composition for the blocks. Connecting seams are made with the minimum possible thickness to prevent the formation of cold bridges. Therefore, when building walls, glue is used, which allows you to make a seam with a thickness of no more than three millimeters. Thus, the features of using aerated concrete are as follows:

​

Solutions used for plastering internal and external surfaces differ in their characteristics due to different conditions environmental influences. For outdoor use, they must not only be resistant to moisture, but also not change their parameters with temperature fluctuations.

Requirements for the solution

Selecting plaster must be done with great responsibility. The final result will ultimately depend on this choice. When choosing what to plaster aerated concrete walls indoors, first of all, environmental conditions and the requirements for the resulting wall are taken into account. Making a choice construction mixture for plastering, pay attention to the following parameters:

When choosing a mixture, you need to pay attention to its labeling. It should indicate the main characteristics and write the purpose - for cellular concrete. Usually the price of such plaster is slightly higher than that of ordinary mixtures.

Types of plaster mixtures

In specialized retail outlets you can find products from various manufacturers. There are several commonly used types of plaster. Depending on the composition of the mixture, they are: lime-cement, gypsum, silicate and silicone.

Plasters based on cement-sand mortar are considered not very suitable. Although of all other types they are the cheapest. This solution has a low coefficient of vapor permeability and quickly transfers its moisture to aerated concrete. Because of this, it is disrupted technological process solidification and adhesion of the solution. Therefore, this type of mixture as internal plaster is almost never used for aerated concrete.

In the case of plastering with just such a mixture, lime is added to increase vapor permeability, and after drying, a layer of gypsum finishing putty is applied on top of the plaster. To improve adhesion, a primer is used, which provides increased adhesion of materials, which eliminates the difference in price compared to specialized mixtures. It should be taken into account that a decrease in vapor permeability leads to the formation of mold.

The use of glue used to adhere the blocks to each other is undesirable. Glue mixture developed exclusively for application thin layer. It won't work smoothly. protective covering, and the cost of such material is quite high.

Gypsum plaster is considered the most popular for plastering gas silicate blocks. Its advantages include:

• optimal drying time;
• does not shrink;
• with sufficient skill, the applied layer forms a perfectly flat surface;
• The quality of the plaster allows you to avoid applying a finishing coat.

In addition, gypsum also has disadvantages: mediocre vapor permeability, the likelihood of various stains appearing on the surface, the process of mixing the solution requires large quantity water.

To work with gas silicate blocks It is recommended to use special facade plaster. It is this that provides the required vapor permeability and good adhesion to the base. Due to the low absorption coefficient, there is no need to apply additional layers of plaster. This type of mixture quickly gains strength and usually already contains fibers for reinforcement. A significant disadvantage is the price.

When choosing the type of plaster, financial possibilities are also assessed. The cheapest way would be to use a lime-cement composition, but the quality of the finish will be the lowest. Silicate compounds are optimal in terms of price-quality ratio, but require additional putty. Mixtures based on silicone additives are ideally combined with the characteristics of aerated concrete blocks, but they are also the most expensive.

Finishing technology

Regardless of the mixture chosen, before you start plastering aerated concrete indoors, you will need to prepare both the tools and the surface. At the first stage, the surface of the ceiling is inspected for the presence of glue deposits and unevenness in the seams. Defects in the seams are sealed with putty, and sagging is cleaned off with a spatula, plane or grater.

On next stage primer is applied. Before applying it, remove dust from the surface, for example, by wiping with a damp cloth. After drying, the primer is already applied. It is distributed evenly over the entire surface. The easiest way to do this is with a roller or wide brush. The choice of primer type depends on the type of room and the plaster mixture planned for use. So, suitable for gypsum mortar universal primer, and for sand-cement - deep penetration soil.

In case of insufficient skill, as well as for the convenience of plastering, beacons are installed. Their height limits the thickness of the applied solution. They are located on the wall vertically to the floor. The distance between them is chosen to be three to four centimeters less than the length of the rule, and the evenness of the installation is determined using a level.

Application technique

As soon as the preparatory stage is completed, the actual application of the plaster layer begins. To do this, using the instructions shown on the bag with the mixture, prepare a solution. The standard ratio is 1 kg of plaster per 0.5 liters of water. It should be noted that if there is too much water, the solution will spread, and if there is too little, it will crack.

After kneading until creamy, the solution is left for five minutes and mixed again. The mixture should be prepared in small portions, even if the surface requiring plastering is large. This is due to the “lifetime” of the material, which averages 40-50 minutes, after which its properties deteriorate.

A trowel or spatula is used to spread the solution. Throwing begins from the bottom up so that the layer of plaster covers the height of the beacons. Then along the lighthouses, making forward movements, carry out the rule as if on rails, removing excess.

As soon as all the work is completed and the plaster has hardened, the beacons are removed. The voids formed after their removal are filled with putty. The entire wall is inspected for defects and, if necessary, puttyed using a spatula.

On last stage performed finishing. To do this, grouting and sanding are performed if necessary.

Required Tools

When carrying out plastering work without the use of special tools, it will be impossible to achieve an acceptable quality of finish. To work you will need to use both manual and electric type tool. But at the same time there is minimum required, which you can’t do without. This includes:

• mixing container;
• putty knife;
• trowel;
• level.

Of course, even with a high level of skill it will be impossible to achieve an even and smooth surface without beacons. In addition to the minimum tools, you will need to have a grater, a grater, an angle spatula, and a drill with a whisk for kneading.

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