We will tell you about the secrets of planting and caring for strawberries "Victoria". After studying them, you will become an excellent gardener.
What is the difference between "Victoria", strawberries and strawberries
"Victoria" –this is the name of one of the garden strawberry varieties. Main difference between strawberries and strawberries lies in the fact that strawberries grow in the fields, and strawberries in the forests. You will be surprised, but not strawberries, as we all used to call them, grow in gardens and orchards, but large-fruited garden strawberries. The peculiarity of strawberries is that they have male and female plants, while garden strawberries have only monoecious plants.
No matter how many contradictions there were about the difference between strawberries and strawberries, everyone agreed on one thing: both garden and forest, and a dozen more types of strawberries and strawberries belong to the genus "strawberries".
Did you know?Strawberries were obtained from American large-fruited species in the 18th century in Europe.
Some features of landing "Victoria"
The first thing you should pay attention to when planting a Victoria is the climate of your region. If the winters are not very frosty, then you can plant it in the spring, then over the summer it will grow and get stronger. But if you are in a milder climate zone, you should wait until the fall to plant.
When is the best time to plant
The landing time is chosen from considerations of what exactly we want to get in the end. To get the best whiskers and rosettes, you should plant in early spring or late summer. At this time, there is enough moisture in the ground, and the air temperature is just right for planting strawberries. Therefore, from March 15 to April 5 and from July 25 to September 5 is the best time to land.
Growing "Victoria" is still better to postpone until August. It is in this month that all favorable conditions are created for young strawberry bushes.
How to choose and prepare a landing site
Strawberries should be planted in the soil where legumes, root crops, onions or garlic have previously grown. The main thing is that the place is well lit. Ideally, choose a place in advance and sow it with green manure. Lupine is the best siderat.
Important!Before planting seedlings, you should get rid of all weeds and mix the soil.
To plant strawberries, you should make holes for them:
- They should be wide and deep.
- The distance between the holes should be from 30 to 50 cm, and between the rows - 40 cm.
- We mix a bucket of earth with a bucket of manure, a bucket of compost and add two glasses of ash.
- Make a mound in the center of the hole.
How to plant strawberry bushes
A favorable time for planting strawberries, as for most other crops, is evening or a gloomy day. An hour before you decide to plant seedlings, you should soak the seedlings in water. So they will quickly take to the ground. At good seedling before planting, there should be no more than four healthy leaves and the length of the roots should not exceed 10 cm.
Consider the phased planting of seedlings:
- We take a bush and put it on a mound.
- The point of growth should be on a level with the surface of the beds, we straighten the roots along the mound.
- We hold the bush and at the same time fill it with soil and water it.
- The growing point should ideally be in the soil. It must not be too deep or too high above the soil.
Did you know?Strawberries bring flavor to our lives, and its leaves bring benefits. They contain vitamins such as iron, calcium, carotene and vitamin C. It is useful to make tea from the leaves, they could cure gout, atherosclerosis and poisoning.
Some features of caring for "Victoria"
When you first planted strawberries, the yield of "victory" can be reduced to peduncles and mustaches. Do not regret and do not admire them. Your duty is to pull them out and let the strawberries take root in a new place.
How to water strawberries
Immediately after planting and before flowering, strawberries do not require watering. She has enough moisture that remains in the soil after winter. Instead of watering, it is important to loosen it, this saturates the earth with air. In total, strawberries need to be watered at least twice during the season. If the summer turned out to be dry, watering should be every 10 days. Especially strawberries require a lot of water when they begin to bloom and until the very end of fruiting.
Important!If you want strawberries not to rot, do not water them with sprinkling. Only drip irrigation.
It is important to water the strawberries before the winter cold. October is the best month for this.
How to properly feed strawberries
When strawberries go through the growing season, they really need to be fed. But it is important to remember that Victoria fertilizer should be moderate. If you overfeed it, the berries will not be as tasty and gray rot will appear on them. Find the right nutritional balance, because if there is not enough fertilizer, the berries also lose their taste, sweetness and the leaves become pale or red.
In the first year, strawberries have enough fertilizer with which they were planted. But starting from the second year, superphosphate, saltpeter and potassium are added to the soil, each at 50 g per 10 sq. After the first fruits, fertilizers are repeated in the same quantities. Strawberries need to be fed after rains or when self-watering. First you water the soil, then you fertilize and water the soil again.
What is the use of mulch for strawberries
Mulching strawberries must be carried out without fail:
- Mulch helps retain moisture in the ground.
- Weeds sit underground and do not climb to the surface.
- The soil is enriched with nutrients and acquires a loose texture.
- Under a layer of mulch appear earthworms that improve the structure of the earth.
Methods of reproduction "Victoria"
- Reproduction by seeds. Perhaps this is one of the most difficult processes for growing strawberries. In order for the seeds to germinate and withstand all conditions, they need special care. In order to get at least some result, you must sow the seeds and keep them in the most favorable conditions for 30 days.
- Mustache breeding. You will need one plastic cup, warm water with added fertilizer, a warm and bright room. Carefully cut off the mustache from the strawberries and place in a plastic cup with water and fertilizer. Leave for a few days until the rosette and roots are formed. Next, we transplant into another glass and create an atmosphere of a “swamp” there: we fill in the roots so that they can continue to germinate. Somewhere in 15 days, the top layer of the earth should dry out, we fill it with mulch, and the mustache is ready for planting in the ground. After 45 days you will see the result.
- Transferring an outlet. The lightest and convenient way breeding. You cut off the outlet and immediately plant it in a new place, which you first water and fertilize.
- Pollination of strawberries in the greenhouse and on open field. Strawberries are considered a dioecious berry, so they need insects to pollinate them. This is not a problem outdoors, but artificial insemination can be used in a greenhouse. We take a brush with thin bristles and poke into all the flowers. After a while, there will be so much pollen on the tassel that you will be able to fertilize all the flowers. Repeat this process twice a week with new flower openings.
Gardeners sometimes confuse names: strawberry, strawberry, victoria. What are these berries and where do they grow?
All these plants belong to the Rose family to the genus Strawberry (Fragaria). Latin name genus reflects the very essence of a delicious family: Fragaria translated into Russian means fragrant, fragrant.
Wild strawberry
On the territory of Eurasia, in forests and on the edges, wild strawberries grow, or common strawberries (sometimes translated: Wild strawberries, Alpine strawberries, European strawberries) (lat. Fragária vésca), as well as green strawberries (lat. Fragária virídis).
Wild strawberry plants have small fruits. Some grow wild strawberries in their gardens. You can bring bushes of wild strawberries, best conditions the berries will become larger than they were in their native forest.
But it is better to plant special remontant varieties garden small-fruited strawberries. The remontant form of small-fruited strawberries, first found in the Alps (which is why it is also called alpine), was known in culture in Italy in the 16th century, and in England and France since the 18th century. IN last years it began to be widely cultivated in Europe and in the USA.
Strawberry varieties are divided into two groups:
- not forming a mustache (Alexandria, Ali Baba, Snow White, Baron Solemacher, Gross Frazier, Frigalo Rampicanti, Purple Muscat, Yellow Miracle, Rügen, Sweetheart. and others). White flowers and red berries make the plant decorative. It can be grown not only in the garden, but also in boxes and flowerpots on balconies or in an apartment on the window.
- forming a mustache (Monthly red and white, Alpine, Curly and others). Strawberries that breed by whiskers produce additional crops on whiskers that grew that same summer. By autumn, the garden bed turns into a continuous carpet of leaves, flowers and berries. However, the abundance of thin whiskers makes it difficult to care for plants, so these varieties are not widely used.
What is good about small-fruited strawberries?
- She retained the unique aroma of wild strawberries, larger wild berries, bears fruit continuously all summer, until the frost.
- Many varieties of small-fruited strawberries have berries of a white, slightly yellowish color, which are distinguished by a sweeter taste. But the main advantage of these berries is that they can be eaten even by children who are allergic to red berries.
- Sowed in January, young strawberry bushes begin to bear fruit in July.
Today, scientists have scientifically confirmed the beneficial properties of wild strawberries. An infusion of the leaves and the berries themselves improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, protect against atherosclerosis, strengthen the cardiovascular system, and help with diseases of the oral cavity. Wild strawberries are not only a good remedy for skin diseases, but also a source of beauty. Strawberry masks will provide the skin with elasticity and velvety, get rid of unnecessary freckles.
The only drawback of wild strawberries is that the fruits are too small, although collecting a basket of fresh berries can also be considered a wellness procedure.
Strawberry leaf (lat. Folium Fragariae) is used as a medicinal raw material. The leaves are harvested during the flowering of the plant, cut off with petioles no more than 1 cm long. They have a sour-astringent taste and a slight peculiar smell. Dry in dryers at 45°C or in well-ventilated areas. Shelf life 1 year.
An aqueous infusion of wild strawberry leaves is used as a diuretic for urolithiasis and cholelithiasis. Their use is also prescribed for diabetes and anemia. The plant has astringent and anti-inflammatory effects.
The fruits of wild strawberries are also used. They are harvested mature, dried by air drying or 4-5 hours in dryers at a temperature of 25-30 ° C, then dried at 45-65 ° C, scattering thin layer on sieves or sieves.
Berries have anti-inflammatory, diaphoretic, antiseptic and mild laxative effects. The fruits are also used as a vitamin remedy.
Strawberry
By right, this name is the only botanical species - strawberries (wild strawberries) nutmeg, or musky strawberries - Fragaria moschata.
Muscat strawberries or strawberries grow wild in Europe (there it is still sometimes grown in culture), in the southern regions of Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Central Asia. The plant got its name, probably due to the rounded shape of the berries, resembling small balls.
In the old days, strawberries were also cultivated in Russian gardens. This crop has very tasty and fragrant berries, but, unfortunately, its berries are much smaller than those of large-fruited garden strawberries, and it is of low yield. By appearance this plant is very similar to large-fruited garden strawberries. However, there are also differences. Its peduncles (hence the berries) are located well above the leaves. The edges of the leaves are strongly dissected. The flowers are white, pink and light lilac, they are smaller than those of strawberries.
Why, despite the undoubted advantages, strawberries were defeated in the struggle for a place under the sun from garden strawberries? The thing is that strawberry flowers are same-sex, male and female, in contrast to the self-fertile flowers of garden strawberries. The harvest is given only by female plants, so it is two times less than the harvest of strawberries. In addition, strawberries are more demanding on soil and moisture. So you can meet strawberries only in the garden of a true gourmet who prefers quality to quantity. Strawberries are cultivated in Europe - in France, England, Germany. The taste and aroma of these berries turned out to be so unforgettable that, perhaps, that is why garden strawberries that have captured gardens are usually called strawberries. Currently, strawberries are extremely rare in gardens.
Strawberries are no less useful than their forest relative. Strawberries contain a lot of useful carbohydrates - glucose and fructose, which replenish energy reserves and improve mood, while not increasing the waistline. Sweet strawberries contain a small amount of organic acids, so they are safe for diseases associated with high acidity.
Strawberry garden, large-fruited
The correct name of the berry growing in our gardens is large-fruited garden strawberry(Fragaria ananassa, Fragaria vesca and their numerous varieties). In horticultural literature, it is simply called strawberry for short.
At the garden strawberry large berries, which are fully colored when ripe. Plants are monoecious, that is, they are not divided into male and female.
Parents of garden strawberries - Virginia strawberries from the state of Virginia in North America and Chilean strawberry South America. Thanks to a lucky chance, two representatives of different latitudes of the American continent ended up side by side in the Garden of Versailles in France. Self-pollination took place, and the same berry appeared, many varieties of which we grow and eat during the summer season. From the resulting hybrid, all modern varieties went.
Strawberries have an excellent effect on the digestive system, improve appetite, and also have a diuretic and diaphoretic effect. The body is cleansed, the aging process slows down. With anemia, hypertension, atherosclerosis, even with uterine bleeding, it is recommended to eat strawberries.
Strawberries are useful and even indispensable for beriberi. It is able to kill pathogens of intestinal infections, pneumococcus, staphylococcus and even influenza virus. It is taken in the treatment of Graves' disease. But, if you use strawberries without measure, you can contribute to the exacerbation of gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, since strawberries contain organic acids oxalic and salicylic.
Victoria
In Russia, one of the first varieties of garden strawberries that won universal love was the Victoria variety. This is one of oldest varieties garden strawberries are believed to be of French origin. For many decades in a row this variety was the leading one, the plants were called Victoria, this name spread to the whole culture.
Although the word "Victoria" in translation into Russian means "victory", Victoria, that is, strawberries, did not immediately win a place in gardens and fields. The fact remains that the culture of garden strawberries in Russia has been moving towards recognition at a snail's pace for about two centuries. It was grown mainly in the landlord and monastery gardens.
Victoria berry is an outdated and still living in some regions, for example in the Urals, the name of garden strawberries.
Zemklunika
In the 80-90s of the last century, scientists, having crossed strawberries with large-fruited garden strawberries, brought out a completely new garden culture- earthworm. The very name of the culture speaks eloquently about this.
Victoria strawberry - this crop is more winter-hardy, it better resists strawberry diseases, in particular, such a common disease as gray rot. Zemklunika bushes grow powerful, with beautiful corrugated leaves. Above them are flowers and berries on high, straight peduncles (due to this, they do not get sick with gray rot). The fruits are tasty, with a pleasant nutmeg aroma, dense, well stored and transported.
Many varieties have already been created: Raisa, Penelope, Nadezhda Zagorya, Diana and others. This culture partly combines positive traits both parental pairs: its berries are larger than those of strawberries (although much smaller than those of large-fruited strawberries). From strawberries she "took" pleasant aroma and good taste.
But despite such positive qualities, this culture has not yet found wide distribution in our gardens. The main obstacle to this is the relatively small size of the berries - 7-12 g, although they are much larger than strawberries, but smaller than modern strawberry varieties.
Similar posts
- bushes of large strawberries, with powerful leaves of deep green color;
- the flowers are white in color and there are a lot of them on the bushes - about a kilogram of Victoria can be collected from one bush during the season;
- red berries with small seeds and pink flesh;
- the average weight of fruits is 10-15 grams, the largest ones reach 50 grams;
- To taste, Victoria berries are sweet (sugar content about 9%), slightly sour and very juicy.
- The antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties of Victoria help prevent colds. It contains as much vitamin C as a lemon. Eating garden strawberries will help you recover several times faster.
- In cardiovascular diseases, it should be taken as food to lower blood pressure, strengthen the walls of blood vessels, cleanse the blood of cholesterol and prevent blood clots. Important! If enapril is taken to reduce pressure, then strawberries should be abandoned - such a “partnership” will make it difficult for the kidneys to work.
- It helps to fight excess weight not only because of the low calorie content, but also due to the high content of plant antioxidants - anthocyanins.
- Strengthening of bones contributes to the content a large number potassium, magnesium, salicylic acid, and deficient vitamin K. These components help keep bones healthy.
- Memory improvement is due to the same anthocyanins. This is especially important for the elderly as a prevention of partial or complete memory loss.
- To reduce the risk of esophageal cancer, garden strawberries are dried and ground into a powder.
- The high fiber content in the berry contributes to the normal functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. It soothes the liver and prevents constipation.
- Vitamin C helps maintain eye health. It prevents the aging of the retina, the development of glaucoma, cataracts and night blindness. It also accelerates the recovery of the cornea of the eyes.
- Diuretic properties help remove excess fluid from the body and prevent swelling.
- Anti-aging properties are also used for cosmetic purposes. Ellagonic acid in the composition protects skin cells from damage and wrinkles. Strawberry masks make the skin smoother. Strawberries also contain vitamin B7 - an important component for beautiful hair.
- Garden strawberries are a strong allergen, so you need to be careful and know when to stop. Especially children should be given it in small amounts.
- Excessive consumption increases the acidity of gastric juice and impairs the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.
- A poor-quality product will do more harm than good. You can check it by appearance. Good berries leave marks on the walls of the container. If such spots are not found, it means that the strawberries were abundantly treated with chemistry. If the pulp is white in the middle of the berry, it means that it contains a lot of nitrates. And most importantly - rich aroma. If "Victoria" almost does not smell, then such a product should be discarded.
- Mulching is done twice per season. Immediately after planting, the soil is covered with sawdust, wood shavings, straw and grain waste. It is necessary to ensure that the leaves of the bushes are not sprinkled. The second time in a season, mulching should be done after harvest. A layer of mulch prevents the development of rot in the berries, retains moisture in the soil longer and helps protect the roots from freezing in winter.
- Fertilizer and top dressing is done twice a year. The first time "Victoria" must be fed before flowering. As mineral fertilizer 2 spoons of nitrophosphate, 1 spoon of potassium and 10 liters are taken warm water. You can fertilize with organic matter every week. As such top dressing, you can take a green solution from weeds or a solution from baker's yeast. To prepare a yeast solution, you need to take a spoonful of yeast, pour a liter of water, leave for a couple of hours and add the mixture to 10 liters of warm water.
- Loosening the soil is necessary to supply it with oxygen. Since the roots of garden strawberries are located close to the surface, loosening must be done very carefully.
- Removal of weeds and mustaches is carried out throughout the season. Mustaches are recommended to be removed both for better fruiting of strawberries, and to prevent its growth throughout the site. It is also necessary to remove all damaged leaves.
- Fight against diseases and pests. Only white spot and strawberry mite pose a significant threat to Victoria.
- Bright red fruits with tender and pinkish pulp, seeds are very small;
- The shape of the berries is correct, somewhat reminiscent of an inverted trapezoid, each berry can reach a weight of up to 12 grams;
- Dense and non-wrinkling fruits, perfectly tolerate transportation over long distances;
- The variety perfectly tolerates bad climatic conditions, temperature changes, an abundance of humidity;
- Not affected powdery mildew and can resist harmful insects - weevil, nematode or tick. But how much is needed boric acid for spraying strawberries, and how good this remedy is indicated
- Before planting bushes, a layer is poured into each hole. fertile soil, the whole earth is mixed, spilled with water and planted planting material;
- The distance between the ridges should be at least 60 cm, and between plants up to 35;
- After planting, each plant should have a side so that after watering the water does not spread, but concentrates at the roots;
- For better survival and preservation nutrients, the ground around the strawberries is mulched with straw, mowed grass or sawdust.
- I do the first top dressing in early spring, after harvesting old leaves and shallow loosening ammonium nitrate or nitroammophos 10 gr. on a bucket of water; But how to process strawberries in the spring ammonia, and what results can be achieved, this will help to understand
- Before flowering, plants are fed with infusions of mullein or horse manure, sprinkled with ash or treated with a solution of boric acid, 10 gr. to increase the ovaries on the receptacle;
- The last top dressing falls on the period of the end of the harvest. During this period, the bushes will lay the flower stalks of the next year, so nutrition should be comprehensive; But how the fight against aphids on strawberries is carried out, and what means are the most effective, it is indicated
- It is also necessary to periodically remove the mustache from the fruiting plant, this method will help him save strength for growing large berries;
- The plantation should be watered, especially abundantly in a dry summer, without moisture, the plants will dry, and there is no need to talk about any harvest.
To obtain good result from growing berries, you need to know some features cultivated plant. To get a rich harvest of berries, you need to know how to care for Victoria.
noble birth
The berry, named after the Queen of England, requires a respectful attitude. Victoria is respected for its beneficial properties and pleasant taste.
Fragrant berry is a strawberry variety. Victoria strawberries are a familiar garden joy. For its popularity, it requires some features in personal care.
Growing a light dessert under your window is not difficult if you create “royal” conditions for strawberries. The process involves planting, watering, and possibly transplanting the crop.
Looking for the perfect place
IN winter time snow cover is a natural salvation from frost. The site, well protected from through winds, is ideal for growing strong berries.
According to the composition, sandy loamy soil is selected, or an artificial mixture is made containing a large percentage of humus. A poorly lit area will result in Victoria not giving you a good harvest. open sunny places ideal for this variety.
Victoria Landing
By the middle of the summer season, tendrils grow in strawberries, with the help of which it reproduces. Shoots "hatch" from the nodes located on the mustache. So gardeners get rosettes from leaves and roots.
Ideally, the first 2-3 rosettes from the main plant are suitable for propagation. On a plot with a flat surface, preferably with a slope to the west, Victoria seedlings are planted.
Two-year-old bushes are the most suitable applicants for the selection of future "offspring". In the presence of 4-6 leaves, the socket is cut off from the mustache. This must be done without shaking off the lumps with the ground. A socket is planted in a pre-prepared recess as an independent plant in a permanent place.
The pre-prepared soil "meets" the planted Victoria in spring or autumn. The gardener should take into account that strawberries planted in April-May grow and develop more slowly than those that were successfully transplanted in August-September. Some gardeners are not limited to seasonal processing and know that one should not neglect such a rule as caring for Victoria in the fall. Victoria is no exception.
Transfer
Gardeners know how to care for Victoria for good harvest. Every four years they transplant strawberries. Changing the place of Victoria is one of the main rules for growing a rich harvest of this berry.
Strong, healthy bushes are suitable for transplanting. Existing holes are spilled with water. With a gentle movement, the spine is lowered into the recess and straightened there by hand.
Berry transplantation is best done on a cloudy day. Strawberries love moist soil and will take root more easily in such weather. When finished, do not forget to shade her from the sun while she gains strength.
Without touching the leaves, carefully sprinkle the bush, and lightly slap the surface of the earth for better rooting. While the plant takes root, regular watering should be maintained. A sharp decrease in yield or a small berry is a sign of insufficient watering during flowering.
Lead time is a must. TO autumn planting the soil is prepared in June. For spring seedlings the site is being prepared in the fall.
Feed and drink
Multiple expert disputes about the root causes of crop death for strawberry lovers are expressed in recommendations on how to properly care for Victoria. It all starts with landing. Humus is introduced into the dug up earth. Proportionality is calculated as follows: fertilizers in the composition of 6 kg of humus go to square meter.
An additional composition is considered 20 gr. ammonium nitrate, 25 gr. potassium salt, 20 gr. superphosphate. Already sold in specialized stores ready mixes, so you don't have to worry about the proportion. There you can also purchase literature that tells how to care for Victoria.
Landing is carried out in prepared rows. The height of the combs is 10-15 cm. 60 cm apart.
Bush distance 30 cm. This principle provides ease of care.
Regular attention
Regular watering, mulching do not exclude work on loosening the soil, removing weeds. Timely weeding has a positive effect on the result.
Careful care of Victoria is caused by the need for moisture. Despite the exactingness of constant moisture, stagnant and swampy places negatively affect the plant. Proper watering work can provide a rich harvest.
The end of flowering - as a signal to the owner of the site about the need to mulch the beds with straw, moss or wood chips.
All of the above items must be dry. This rule will save your berry from an unpleasant disease that provokes putrefaction. Re-mulching is carried out in the fall. Peat or grain waste can be used. The thickness of the sprinkled material should be 5-8 cm.
After harvesting, pay attention to the ground around each bush. It should be loosened. If roots break out on the surface, spud the plant. Loosening the soil prevents the appearance of a crust from watering.
Timely removed rotten berries, diseased leaves are also a way to maintain a healthy strawberry plantation. An additional warning against diseases will be the presence of straw or film under the bushes with Victoria. Without contact with the ground, the berry avoids pathogenic bacteria, remaining whole and healthy.
Remontant varieties of Victoria will help you get multiple crops in one season: Geneva, Queen Elizabeth II, Moscow delicacy.
Depending on the desired ripening period, the variety is selected according to the group of early, middle, late ripeness.
Preferring early berries, choose Kimberley, Crown, Olvia. Sweet and large berries, bright red color.
The beginning of July is considered to be an average harvest from the varieties Zenga-zengana, Rusich, Vima-Zanta. Berries with a sweet and sour taste. Late varieties include varieties whose harvest is in mid-July, for example Vikoda, Charlotte.
Negative experience is also a clue what you did wrong and how to care for Victoria next season.
Variety "Victoria" was obtained by crossing garden and forest strawberries in Europe in the 18th century. First, virginian meadow strawberries were brought there from America, and later - Chilean ones. By crossing these species, breeders of that time received large-fruited garden strawberries and named one of the varieties in honor of the queen - Victoria. It was the first variety of large-fruited strawberries that came to the territory of Russia. Therefore, it was this name that over time was assigned to all other varieties.
What is it, what does it look like and is it a strawberry?
Large red berries that now grow in almost every plot are mistakenly called strawberries or "Victoria" by many. In fact, these are garden strawberries, and real strawberries are rarely grown. Strawberry (from the old Russian “ball, spherical body”) is a dioecious plant - it has male and female bushes, which makes pollination and care difficult. At the same time, only females bear fruit, while males only bloom without forming ovaries, and rather aggressively occupy space. Because of this, the yield of strawberries is much less than that of monoecious garden strawberries.
In addition, real strawberries are smaller than garden strawberries, have lighter flesh, and their berries rise above the bush. In strawberries, due to their large weight and size, the berries are hidden under the leaves and hang low above the ground - hence its name.
Strawberry is a heat-loving plant that loves the sun. And strawberries feel better in the shade. Of the advantages of strawberries, one can also note the fact that it is more frost-resistant. Features and description of the berry variety "Victoria":
The variety loves heat and the sun, in the shade it ceases to bear fruit. This is another difference from strawberries. Frost-resistant, but in the absence of snow and temperatures below -8 ° C, it may die.
Benefit and harm
"Victoria" is unusually tasty and healthy. It contains a large amount of vitamins, trace elements and sugars.
Beyond all useful properties, it is worth noting possible harm from the use of "Victoria".
Landing and care
Growing garden strawberries begins with right choice site, soil preparation and planting.
Victoria prefers sunny areas with light sandy soil. In extreme cases, loamy is suitable. Strawberries will not grow on heavy clay and marshy soil.
The site must be protected from strong winds and be lit by the sun all day long. It is not necessary to build a high bed, as in winter this will lead to freezing and death of the root system.
The soil must first be dug up with fertilizer. 5-7 kilograms of humus, 20 grams of ammonium nitrate, 20 grams of potassium chloride and 25 grams of superphosphate are added per square meter.
Seedling holes are recommended to be made at a distance of 30 cm between neighboring plants and at a distance of 40 cm between rows. This will prevent infection of all the bushes in the event of a disease of one, facilitate care and the bushes will be better purged with fresh air.
The depth of each hole is about 20 cm. Before planting, they must be well watered.
Planting material can be bought at the nursery or take cuttings from existing plants. Sockets are suitable only from healthy bushes over the age of two years, and you need to choose the ones closest to the mother. You need to dig up the shoots very carefully so as not to damage the roots, preferably together with a clod of earth. The dug sockets are immediately placed in the prepared holes and covered with earth. Water the entire garden again.
After planting, caring for Victoria comes down to watering, mulching, fertilizing, loosening, weed and pest control.
Watering is recommended only during the dry period, 1-2 times a week, with warm settled water. Drip irrigation is preferable, so you can use a lawn sprinkler. If there is enough rainfall, then Victoria does not need additional watering.
White spotting first manifests itself as red spots, then their center becomes white and holes appear. The disease affects not only the leaves, but also the mustache and fruiting strawberries. To get rid of the virus, the plant is carefully sprayed with Bordeaux liquid (1%).
This disease appears when excess moisture therefore, for prevention, it is important to adjust the irrigation processes. Before flowering, you can spray the bushes with a solution blue vitriol (3%).
The appearance of a strawberry mite is easy to notice: the leaves wrinkle, dry and turn yellow. On the reverse side appears white coating. In the fight against this insect, such means as "Fitoverm" and "Omayt" have proven themselves well. You can also use the "Clean Garden" and "Zolona". With a warm solution of these preparations, all the bushes in the garden are sprayed, and after three days they are covered with a film. With help greenhouse effect achieve the destruction of all pests.
Preparation of "Victoria" for the winter begins in August. To do this, they stop feeding the strawberries, remove the extra whiskers and rosettes, and dig up the earth between the rows. Closer to the cold, the beds cover. Straw, coniferous branches and any organic breathable materials are suitable for this. Synthetics are not recommended to use, it can cause the plant to rot.
Collection and storage
The berries of "Victoria" are considered ripe if they have acquired a bright red color right up to the tips. The fruits of garden strawberries are stored for a short time, so harvesting should be done as needed. best time is morning or evening. It is not recommended to pick strawberries after rain - a wet berry will quickly deteriorate.
As a collection container, a low one is best. wooden box. So the berries will be less wrinkled and will be able to "breathe". The best option there will be the use of several containers at once - so you can immediately sort out large, small and slightly rumpled berries.
You can harvest with your hands or with small scissors, cutting off the fruits along with the sepals.
harvested needs to be processed as soon as possible. Over time, the berries deteriorate and lose their beneficial properties.
Fresh Victoria can be stored in the refrigerator for up to three days. From berries for the winter, you can prepare jam, compote, jam and much more.
Freezing will help keep strawberries fresh. To do this, the berries need to be washed, dried and laid out in bags or special containers. In winter, frozen strawberries can be added to pastries, rubbed with sugar, cooked fresh jam or compote.
Jam from "Victoria" in five minutes
When using this recipe with a short heat treatment useful vitamins are preserved in the berry.
To prepare strawberries, wash them, peel the sepals, sprinkle with sugar and leave for several hours. For one kilogram of sugar, two kilograms of berries are taken. After the strawberries start up the juice, you need to put it on a slow fire and bring to a boil. After boiling, cook for 5 minutes, periodically removing the foam.
Pour the finished jam into sterile jars and seal tightly.
Very interesting story about the name and appearance on our household plots Victoria strawberries, as it is called in everyday life by everyone who breeds this wonderful berry. But botanists protest - only those plants whose peduncles are dioecious, that is, with male and female flowering types, can be called strawberries. In our gardens, for the most part, large-fruited garden strawberries grow, since there is a male pollinator in the flower itself, which is why the flowers of the berry are so large and expressive.
Someone believes that the berry bushes were named after the Queen of Britain, Victoria, but the name stuck, and gave its name to many varieties and varieties of this delicious and fragrant berry.
Some suggest that ancient sailors brought plants from Holland, but in any case, any strawberry-flavored berry is still called Victoria.
Variety Description
The main positive feature of the variety, not without reason, is unpretentiousness to growing conditions and large fragrant berries. Great taste is also listed among its advantages, but that's not all - it is practically not susceptible to fungal infections. viral diseases. And if the bushes began to hurt, then the reason, most likely, lies in the wrong agricultural practices or a bad climate.
In the photo - Victoria strawberries:
Strawberry Victoria
The variety belongs to remontant varieties of berries, but can bear fruit only once during the summer season. You may also be interested in information on how to apply
The variety is characterized by several distinctive parameters:
Berry bushes are compact, but during the summer you can collect up to 1 kg of berries from each bush.
On the video - a description of the Victoria berry variety:
How and when to plant
Landing can be both in early spring and early autumn. If it is planned to plant planting material in the spring, then site preparation should be carried out from the fall, until the onset of stable frosts:
If your site has a close proximity ground water, and in a rainy summer, the water stands in the ridges, then it should be planted on the ridges, whether the equipment is specially high beds. Well, if the site is dry, then you can land in the usual way.
A word about proper posture
Some gardeners plant bushes under the film material - holes are cut crosswise, and strawberries are planted in it. This method helps block weed grass, it does not germinate and does not take away nutrients from a young plant.
On video - proper fit strawberries:
It is better to choose a sunny and low-wind place, and the soil should be light and not waterlogged, since the roots are located shallow, almost on the surface. There is a special requirement for saturating the site with a nutrient composition, while the plant itself is getting stronger, gaining flower stalks, it needs a lot of nutrients. But how to treat strawberries with iodine, and how effective this remedy is, is indicated
Ridges should be prepared in advance, about a month and a half before the planting date of young plants. It is recommended to add potash fertilizers, superphosphate, 10 g each, to the wells. (about a teaspoon), or ammonium nitrate up to 1 tbsp. spoons under each bush.
It is better to choose a cloudy day for planting so that the sun does not burn the young plants. Or spend landing work in the evening, when the sun is no longer so bright.
You may also be interested in how to plant strawberries in a tube horizontally, and what results can be achieved.
You can buy Victoria bushes ready for planting on the market, but you can also prepare mustache planting material yourself, which are formed after fruiting. The first 2 mustaches should be taken, the subsequent ones will be weakened and will not be able to next year make a good harvest.
Pay attention to the location of the heart, or growth point - it should always protrude above the soil surface, otherwise the plant will die and will not be able to develop further.
But in order to wait for the harvest, the strawberry plantation needs to be properly looked after.
How to care
So that ripening berries do not touch the ground, it is best to spread them near the bushes. protective material– special non-woven, straw or grass. Then you don’t have to wash the crop from sand and earth for a long time, moreover, this method will protect the plants from weeds. But is it necessary to mow strawberries after harvesting, and how to do it correctly, is indicated
To get a high yield, a strawberry plantation should be periodically fed:
On the video - how to care for strawberries:
Regular weeding and updating the plantation with new bushes will also help to grow a decent crop. After 2-3 years of life, the bushes become old, and it is simply pointless to expect a good harvest from them, so they should be updated every 3-4 years. It will also be useful to learn how to get ants out of strawberries in the garden, and what means are the most effective, indicated