Which material is better for waterproofing the floor? Waterproofing floors under tiles

Previously, solving the issues of protecting premises from the penetration or spread of moisture became a real problem. It was not easy to find on sale necessary materials, and many technologies were known and available only to professionals. However, today, if you wish, you can find everything.

Waterproofing materials for floors are produced in various forms, and from this variety you can easily choose the most suitable one in terms of characteristics and application technology.

Much, of course, depends on what specific floor and what rooms need to be protected from moisture, since each of them requires a special approach. Therefore, before you go to the store and rush to spend money on waterproofing compounds, you need to familiarize yourself with each of them.

In addition to the floor material, which will be applied protective composition, when choosing, factors such as temperature conditions are also taken into account waterproofing premises and the floor of its location.

Today, there are several ways of laying or applying different moisture-proof materials - these are coating or plastering, painting, impregnation, pasting, casting, injection and backfill. For any type of waterproofing to give the expected effect, it is very an important condition is a well-prepared, cleaned surface on which it will be applied.

These materials are applied to floors using a roller, brush or spray, and are the most popular and used. Painting waterproofing agents create a thin hydrophobic film on the surface, with the composition penetrating into the structure of the material up to two millimeters deep. This happens thanks to additives from lime, talc, asbestos, which can close the pores waterproofing surface - brick or concrete.

Painting technology can easily be called the easiest to apply and affordable. To carry it out, materials based on polymers, resins, minerals, bitumen and other compounds with good adhesion and hydrophobicity are used. These can be polyurethane, rubber, epoxy compounds, silicone gels, acrylic or bitumen suspensions.

Sometimes they try to replace these waterproofing agents with thickened oil paint or varnish, but we must not forget about the special properties of the profile material, which conventional paint and varnish compositions cannot replace.

A separate group of painting waterproofing compounds includes sprayed ones, which are applied using spray guns. These suspensions are made on an acrylate base. These include, for example, such a well-known product as liquid rubber. This composition is applied in several layers and conscientiously performs protective functions for 40-50 years, and at the most unfavorable conditions high humidity.

The application process is as follows:

• the old coating is removed from the surfaces down to the base, then it is cleaned;
• sealed thick concrete solutions discovered damage - cracks or chips, then leveled and dried well;
• then the surface is impregnated with special primers or coloring compounds diluted 1:3;
• after the soil has been absorbed, waterproofing compounds are applied;
• some of them are slightly heated, but, for example, certain bitumen-based suspensions require heating even to 150-160 degrees;

Corner of the room treated with "liquid rubber"

• For reliable waterproofing it is necessary to apply two layers of the composition. The first of them should have a thickness of about two millimeters, since it should be well absorbed into the surface being treated, and the second, control layer can be very thin;
• Drying of each layer can take from one and a half to 15 hours.

Video: example of applying paint waterproofing

Pasted waterproofing

The adhesive type of waterproofing is a sheet (roll) material that is laid out or glued with resins or mastics having a thick consistency to surfaces that require protection from moisture.

The material is produced in the form of rolls and sheets, they can be dense or thin, have a transparent, opaque or foil appearance.

• Materials such as glass batt, roofing felt, metalloizol, folgoizol, technoNIKOL and the like are produced in rolls.

• Waterproofing asphalt, polymer, bitumen materials and others with similar characteristics are produced in the form of sheets or panels.
• Membrane waterproofing, which has small rounded spikes on its surface, is also produced in the form of sheets and is well suited for laying under a screed.

It should be noted that protective materials are laid on the floor surface in different ways. But all forms of installation are quite simple, and bitumen or epoxy compounds are most often used for this process:

• the adhesive mass is applied to the base. Some types of mastics must be heated before spreading;
• on on carried and, if necessary, heated composition is applied chopped roll material, ensuring that each subsequent sheet overlaps at least how 10 cm;

When using roll materials, two layers are often laid, with the second oriented perpendicular to the first.

• waterproofing in the form of panels is also laid overlapping or end-to-end;
• each subsequent row of insulating panels is laid with a shift to the previous one in one direction or the other by half a panel (according to the brickwork system);
• Any waterproofing laid on floors must extend 10-15 cm onto the walls.

Coating waterproofing

Coating waterproofing compounds have a thick consistency with very good elasticity. Such materials include thick bitumen and polyurethane mastic, polymer cement, etc.

These waterproofing agents contain fillers made of polymer fibers and plasticizers, which increases their adhesion and hydrophobicity.

On the surface these compounds are distributed in the same way as plaster solutions- using a spatula. The thickness of this seamless coating can range from 0.4 to 4 cm.

This type of waterproofing composition perfectly insulates the floors of such problem areas as balconies and loggias from moisture. ground floors and cellars, bathrooms and kitchens.

Mastics based on bitumen and polymers are applied not only in the technical rooms of constructed buildings, but also directly on the foundation slabs. It should be noted that hot coating applied in living rooms undesirable, as it is quite toxic and requires good ventilation during work.

Coating waterproofing also includes plastering work using appropriate moisture-resistant compounds, which can additionally be applied to bitumen coating or simply to waterproofing cleaned surface.

The mixtures are diluted with water, applied with a spatula and evenly distributed over the surface. There can be two or three such layers, and each of them must dry well.

Dry plaster waterproofing resembles a regular plaster mixture or construction adhesive, but it contains special components that penetrate the pores of the material and close them.

Video: waterproofing the floor with a coating compound

Cast waterproofing

Cast waterproofing is divided into hot and cold, depending on the form in which it is applied to the surface. Apply hot to floors asphalt-polymer and asphalt composition - it can be pitch, hot bitumen or asphalt concrete.

For cast waterproofing to work effectively, the base underneath must be thoroughly cleaned and dropped.

Hot waterproofing

When laying this material, it must be heated to a temperature of 50 to 120 degrees, depending on the viscosity of the composition.

Bitumen is natural material, made from petroleum products, and in its pure form, when solidified, it will crack at any temperature. But its main advantage is water resistance and insolubility in water. Therefore, it is used as a basis for the manufacture of waterproofing compounds.

When heated, they are applied to clean surfaces in several layers.

Pitch is a product obtained by processing coal tar. There are several types of this material, they differ in melting point, usually in the range from 70 to 90 degrees. But this material is rarely used, and, mainly, it is used as an additive to other waterproofing compounds.

Cold cast waterproofing

This method of waterproofing is the most reliable of all existing ones, since it penetrates into every pore of the surface material without forming cracks. Most often done cold waterproofing from epoxy mixture or liquid glass. This material is used today for the construction of self-leveling 3D floors, which at the same time serve not only as waterproofing, but also decorative design premises. This method of protection against moisture penetration is especially suitable for a bathroom that requires 100% waterproofing.

• The epoxy mixture consists of two components - epoxy resins and a special solvent, which are mixed immediately before pouring and distributing it over the surface. The working composition is prepared in portions, as it sets quickly enough.
• Liquid glass is an excellent waterproofing solution for cellars and rooms on the first floors. This composition will reliably protect the room from moisture penetration and will work no less effectively than a two-component epoxy mixture. The durability of such waterproofing can be determined by the service life of the entire structure, i.e. Having arranged it once, you don’t have to worry about repeating the procedure or repairs.

The material is environmentally friendly and does not emit fumes harmful to human health, and at the same time has excellent penetration qualities into the most microscopic pores of concrete or other waterproofing basics.

Liquid glass is produced in dry and liquid form. Dry powder of the material is added to cement mortars, making them waterproof. It is possible to add the composition and liquid consistency to ready-made concrete - in this case, the mixture is made in the proportions of one liter of waterproofing per 10 liters of mortar.

Application of cast waterproofing

Any cast waterproofing is arranged as follows:

• The surface is cleaned and dusted using a powerful construction vacuum cleaner.
• Then the surface is repaired - cracks and defects in the base are repaired.
• After repair work, the floors need to be thoroughly dried.
• Next are the floors primed. In each specific case, the composition of the soil will depend on the material that will subsequently be used for waterproofing works.
• The waterproofing composition is prepared in accordance with the instructions attached to it, brought to the required consistency and poured in parts onto the surface.

• Level the mixture using wide spatulas or a squeegee, then leave the surface to dry and harden.
• Waterproofing may not be limited to one layer - two or three fills can be done, but after the final hardening of each previous layer.

Penetrating waterproofing

A penetrating type of waterproofing is applied to floors with an already installed screed. The compositions used in this case have the ability to penetrate the concrete structure and seal the pores, creating a moisture-resistant layer. The solution can be applied in several layers.

After achieving deep impregnation of the surface, the waterproofing should not be damaged mechanical actions or perforation. Therefore, this type of material is very often used for protection basements and cellars. In addition to water resistance, this composition gives the concrete surface additional strength by creating special crystalline bonds intertwined with the structural crystal lattice of the cement and closing all pores in the base. These processes occur thanks to special silicate or lithium additives.

The penetrating mixture is applied to any smooth or uneven surface. surface - leveling It is quite possible to carry out the floor on top of it. It is necessary to take into account that each layer applied to the floor surface must be completely dry.

Injection waterproofing

For injection waterproofing, polyurethane one-component solutions with low viscosity are used. A chemical reaction in such compositions occurs when they come into contact with water - this contact leads to a significant expansion of the solution, an increase in its volume, and an increase in internal pressure. Such features allow him spread inside a concrete structure, displacing water and taking its place. The result is a waterproof polyurethane composition. Some of the materials used in chemical reaction become elastic, while others take on rigid forms. Bringing the composition used to a similar state occurs within 2 to 20 minutes.

Special equipment is used to carry out injection waterproofing. It can be carried out in combination with other measures, and is suitable even for conditionally mobile elements of the structure, for example, the joints of load-bearing walls and the foundation.

But it should be noted that this process is quite expensive, both in terms of the price of materials, labor intensity and the use of special equipment. It is almost always accompanied by drilling additional holes for introducing the composition. In this regard, this option is usually used in extreme cases, when it is impossible to use other methods for emergency isolation of previously erected building structures.

Backfill waterproofing

There is the simplest and most affordable type of waterproofing, although it is quite labor-intensive - filling areas with water-impermeable bulk materials.

To carry out this process, materials of a powder, fibrous or granular consistency are used, such as slag, mineral wool, clay, foam granules, sand, etc.

For rooms with high humidity- cellars, semi-basements, basements, mainly to protect the floor, perlite sand is used, which is considered a universal material for waterproofing work.

Each layer of the poured composition must be well compacted, so the entire area of ​​​​the room is enclosed by walls (formwork), which will prevent the material from spilling beyond their boundaries.

A concrete screed must be laid on top of the compacted backfill, which is arranged according to all the rules with reinforcement and alignment along the beacons.

In addition to the materials described above, modern production produces a large number of other products, but, as a rule, they are not fundamentally different from those mentioned. In some rooms it is simply impossible to do without waterproofing, therefore, when choosing a material, as well as the technology for its application, you need to carefully consider all the characteristics of the compositions intended for this important process.

Waterproofing the floor in the bathroom, materials for which can be found in a wide range today in any hardware store, is a mandatory procedure before starting finishing work and installing plumbing.

The bathroom is the wettest room in both a private house and an apartment, therefore, no matter what material they are made of, they need high-quality waterproofing, otherwise during the operation of the room at the junctions of walls and floors, in places where they pass through ceilings engineering communications Leaks may occur. Not only is there a high risk of flooding the rooms below. As you know, moisture entering a confined space inevitably contributes to the formation of mold and mildew, which gradually begin to destroy the structure of the floor and walls, lead to a persistent unpleasant smell of dampness, and can cause a number of diseases in people living in the apartment.

Main types of floor waterproofing

There are many varieties of waterproofing materials made using different bases and in various forms. To choose the most suitable option, you should consider their characteristics and technology for working with them in advance.

So, according to the type of application, waterproofing is divided into the following types:

• Coating.
• Pasting.
• Impregnating.
• Cast.
• Plastering.

It is difficult to say which of these waterproofing materials is better for a bathroom floor, since there is no consensus on this matter even among experts. The choice of material and technology for its installation is made taking into account the characteristics of the surface that should be waterproofed, and the allotted time frame for completing the work.

Coating type waterproofing

Compositions for coating (painting) waterproofing are the easiest to use

Coating compositions for waterproofing are produced on different bases and can be:

• Water-based, acrylic based;
• Bitumen-rubber;
• Bitumen-polymer;
• Cement-polymer;
• Polyurethane;

Bitumen-based compositions are made with additives from various fillers and organic solvents. Fillers make mastics more elastic, as they use plasticizers, crumb rubber or latex.

Mastics have excellent adhesion and can be applied to both concrete and wood surfaces.

It should be noted that bitumen-based materials have a number of disadvantages, which include:

— possible cracking and chipping as a result of temperature fluctuations;

— biological corrosion;

— unpleasant odor during waterproofing work.

But, despite These are the shortcomings of coating compounds; they are most often used to insulate the floor in the bathroom, since this is the most affordable way create protection against moisture penetration.

The cost of coating waterproofing mastics is quite affordable, but its service life is no more than five to six years.

Materials made on the basis of polymers have virtually no negative qualities, so they can be used without fear.

The advantages of coating compositions include the ease of applying the material to the surface of the floor and the lower part of the walls, as well as to corners and joints using a regular brush.

Material consumption depends on the original quality waterproofing surface and number of layers. Typically, the recommended amount per 1 m² area is indicated by the manufacturer of the composition.

How to apply coating (painting) waterproofing

There is nothing complicated in installing this type of waterproofing - the main thing is to do all the work carefully and adhere to the developed technology.

If the coating composition is purchased in dry form, then the technology for its production can be found on the packaging. The mixture must be homogeneous. If a liquid component is included in the dry composition, it is first mixed with water and only then poured into the dry mass and mixed into a paste-like mastic. This type of waterproofing is called two-component. When the mixture is ready, you need to immediately get to work.

• The first thing to do before applying any coating is to thoroughly clean the surface of fine dust and larger debris. The work is carried out using a vacuum cleaner.

• Next, you need to remove absorbed grease stains or paint residues from the surfaces; if there are any, clean them down to “healthy” concrete. The same is done with loose areas where erosion of the concrete slab is noticeable. After cleaning, dust and debris are removed again.
• The next step is application (of the composition deep penetration). The primer can be poured onto the floors and spread using a roller.

Corners and surfaces around pipe outlets in the wall and floor drains must be treated with a primer using a brush so as not to leave untreated areas. After the first layer of solution has dried, another one is applied.

• Next, you can proceed to applying the waterproofing composition. Work begins by covering the corners and all joints of the floor and wall, and pipe passages through the ceilings with mastic.
• On freshly applied The mastic is covered with a sealing tape. It is glued with the uncured composition onto the walls and floor, so that the joint between it, which is always weak point in case of leaks. Required condition– the tape must be completely straightened, have no waves, kinks, folds, voids under it are unacceptable.

When joining strips, the overlap must be at least 50 ÷ 70 mm (during initial laying, the overlap area must be coated with mastic.).

In the bathroom, not only the joints of the floor and walls, but the corners of the walls are processed in the same way, to a height of at least 150 ÷ ​​200 mm.

Another layer of waterproofing mastic is applied on top of the tape.

• Next, it is necessary to stick sealing membranes around the points of water supply and drainage, that is, pipes or sleeves coming out of the walls and floors with communications laid through them.

Particular attention should be paid to waterproofing around pipes, holes, sleeves in the ceiling, etc.

• Then waterproofing mastic the entire remaining surface of the bathroom floor and walls is covered to a height of 150÷200 mm.

By the way, qualified craftsmen recommend not sparing material and applying the composition at least 500 ÷ 700 mm from the floor, especially around the bathtub and washbasin - this will protect the walls from from dampness and mold formation.

Do not spare material and at the same time insulate the walls near the bathroom and sink

When applied to the floor surface, the mastic does not spread thinly - it should form a thick, uniform layer of equal thickness, approximately 2 mm.

• Waterproofing is carried out, if necessary, in two or even three layers. Education not allowed uncovered mastic"islands". Each layer is applied in a perpendicular direction relative to the previous, already dried layer, approximately five to six hours later.
• When the work on waterproofing the floor is completed, you can begin finishing only after 24 hours.

To conclude this section, here is an example of performing coating waterproofing in a bathroom.

Prices for coating waterproofing

Coating waterproofing

Video: the work of a master waterproofing a bathroom

Plaster waterproofing

Plaster waterproofing also applies to coating type, but it needs to be highlighted separately, since the work uses materials that differ from the rest in their composition.

IN plaster mixtures includes components such as gypsum, cement and polymers. If the bitumen used for waterproofing the floor, at a temperature of 0 degrees, begins to lose its elasticity, becomes brittle, and cracks can form on it, then temperature changes are not dangerous for plaster compositions.

There are many plaster waterproofing mixtures from various manufacturers on sale. Particularly popular are the compositions of the companies “Knauf” and “Ceresit”.

• For example, the KNAUF FLACHENDICHT waterproofing composition includes a component such as synthesized latex, which gives the material special elasticity. Therefore, the layer applied to the surface, after polymerization, retains its qualities at temperatures from - 18 to + 55 ° C.

This composition does not require heating after mixing and is applied to the surface immediately.

• Another option for high-quality plaster waterproofing is a mixture of the Ceresit CR-65 brand, which has excellent adhesion to surfaces, provided that it is applied to a surface treated with a primer.

One of the most popular compositions is Hydroizol Ceresit CR-65

Plaster mixtures can also be applied using a brush or roller. The joints of the planes must be taped with sealing tape. It is advisable to choose all materials from the same manufacturer - they are fully adapted to each other.

Prices for plaster waterproofing

Plaster waterproofing

Pasted waterproofing

This method of protecting floors from moisture penetration can be called the most effective, but proper installation of materials will be somewhat more difficult than with coating compounds. The most popular materials for adhesive waterproofing: roofing felt, isoplast, ecoflex, iselast, mostoplast, technoNIKOL, hydroisol.

The materials are not affected by temperature changes, and if they are laid correctly, according to existing technologies, they will protect the floor surface for many years.

Waterproofing is produced in the form of sheets or rolls of waterproof material with good elasticity. But despite this, in difficult places It is not easy to install them yourself, for example, in the corners of a room.

Two types of pasting materials are made. Some of them fit on on carried adhesive, others are self-adhesive.

For installation of the first type, bitumen mastic is most often used as an adhesive base. On self-adhesive canvases, in principle, the same mastic is applied to the back surface and protected with a special film, which is removed only during installation.

The most widespread Until recently, the type of adhesive waterproofing was ordinary roofing felt, but with the advent of more advanced materials, it is used less and less. Modern types may have a polymer or bitumen base, so they differ somewhat in their characteristics.

• Polymer material consists of films and membranes made of vulcanized rubber. Most often they are already covered with an adhesive composition.

What sets them apart is:

- small thickness;

— long service life;

— excellent mechanical strength;

— no shrinkage;

- resistance to vibration.

• Bitumen-based waterproofing is used much more often, as it is more affordable. Such materials, for example, include waterproofing, made from fiberglass impregnated with bitumen, and a plasticizer makes it resistant to cracking and gives it flexibility. This material is not subject to biodegradability and the appearance of mold on it.

It can be produced in single- and double-sided versions.

Double-sided material suitable for creating multi-layer coatings

Double-sided material differs from single-sided material by the presence of a polymer protective film on both sides - it melts when exposed to high temperatures during installation. This material is used when a multi-layer waterproofing coating is installed.

Single sided material equipped protective coating, consisting of mineral chips. – it is usually used for the external covering of soft roofs.

Pasted waterproofing is used not only for concrete coatings, but also for wooden flooring, on which it is laid without melting - on bitumen mastic.

Laying adhesive waterproofing

Before laying the lining material, the surface of the bathroom floor must be prepared more thoroughly than when applying coating compounds to it - this nuance must be observed to create long-term and reliable protection of the floors.

The work is carried out in the following order:

• Bathroom floors should not have even small protrusions, so they must be removed. If necessary, the surface is leveled with compounds. Then the floor is thoroughly dried and cleaned of dust.
• Next, the surface of the floor and the lower part of the walls are covered with primers, which must also dry well.
• Then a layer of mastic approximately 2 mm thick is applied to the surface of the floor and walls to a height of 200 mm. Mastic can be rubber or polymer-bitumen based.
• Next comes the waterproofing sticker. The first canvas that will be placed on the wall is laid with a bend, but is glued first to the floor surface, and then to the wall.

The mastic is heated until softened using a gas burner. The surface is covered with a waterproofing sheet, which is then rolled using a roller.

The next canvas is laid on the already laid waterproofing strip with an overlap of 80 ÷ 100 mm. Then come the third and subsequent stripes.

• If you plan to lay the material in two layers, then mastic is applied again on top of the first and waterproofing is laid. The second layer is laid in such a way that the middle of the canvases is at the joints of the strips of the lower layer, completely covering them.

The process of installing TechnoNIKOL is exactly the same, but its advantage is that the bitumen layer is already present on the material. When laying, all that remains is to heat it until the protective polymer film melts and roll it to the surface with a roller. It is very important not to overheat the material, as this will make the waterproofing brittle and its service life will be significantly reduced.

Hot styling is not too much good idea, since in small enclosed spaces it is recommended to avoid working with the burner. When heated, waterproofing material and mastic emit a sharp and persistent odor that does not erode well. In addition, working independently with a burner without proper experience is quite dangerous, but if you decide to stick the waterproofing in this way, then it is better to entrust this process to specialists.

To do the work yourself, it is better to use self-adhesive sheets that do not require the use of a torch - this installation is also called the “cold” method. For such a coating, the concrete floor must be treated with a primer - a special composition made on a bitumen basis.

Using it, you can create an almost seamless hermetic coating, since the canvases, overlapped by 100 mm, are tightly glued together. Before attaching them, the adhesive layer is removed protective film, and the canvas is immediately pressed against the already laid sheet of waterproofing.

When using adhesive material, special attention must be paid water pipes and water drain holes. For them, holes are cut in the waterproofing into which rubber seals are inserted. The contact areas are coated with polyurethane or silicone sealant.

Cast waterproofing

Cast waterproofing can also be made from different materials. As the name suggests, installation of these compositions on the surface occurs by pouring them cold or hot.

Hot waterproofing

Hot waterproofing can be asphalt-polymer or asphalt. Consumables for it is hot bitumen, asphalt concrete and pitch. This material shows good performance indicators - elasticity, high bending resistance, strength and reliability.

The materials are poured onto surfaces where work has been done in advance to seal the seams using sealants and mastics.

This type of waterproofing is almost never used for bathrooms in apartments - they are more suitable for the same rooms equipped in private houses.

Laying hot waterproofing

To properly perform hot waterproofing, you need to proceed in the following order:

• The floor surface must be thoroughly cleaned of various contaminants that could remain from repair work.
• Detected cracks, as well as plane joints, are filled with sealing compounds.
• After this, the floor must be thoroughly dried - for this, infrared heaters, gas burners and other fairly powerful appliances are often used.
• Priming is in progress. For this type of waterproofing, hot bitumen is used as a primer.

• After this primed working surface The perimeter is separated by formwork. It is necessary if waterproof You only need part of the room.
• The waterproofing is heating up mass - temperature its heating is indicated on the packaging.
• The hot composition is carefully poured onto the surface, evenly distributed over it using a squeegee and left until completely hardened.
• If necessary, several layers of waterproofing are poured, but each subsequent one is poured only after the previous one has completely dried.

Cold cast waterproofing

Cold types of waterproofing include materials such as “liquid” rubber and “liquid” glass. The technology for working with these compounds is similar, but their components differ significantly.

"Liquid rubber

This waterproofing material is made from bitumen and polymer additives, which make the resulting emulsion more wear-resistant and resistant to external influences.

Packaging "liquid rubber"

Calcium chloride is used as a fixer for bitumen-polymer mixtures, which reduces the density of the material, which makes it possible to install “liquid rubber” using spraying. Before adding to the emulsion, the fixative is diluted with water in proportions of 1:10, and after that the final composition is mixed.

Prices for liquid rubber Apiflex

Sprayed liquid rubber Apiflex

In order for the coating to be applied successfully, it is necessary to adhere to the technology, prepare the base for it well and carry out work at a temperature not lower than + 3 ÷ 5 ° C.

“Liquid” rubber is produced in different consistencies, which allows it to be applied to surfaces in various ways:

• The pouring installation method is the most popular, as it does not require special equipment, and the composition fills all small cracks and creates an even, smooth coating.
• Spraying is a more complex method, as it requires special equipment and skills to work with it. At correct application waterproofing by spraying, it turns out to be of higher quality than when using other methods, since the composition is supplied under pressure and fills not only cracks, but also microscopic pores of the base.
• Painting (coating) technology is the most affordable of all three existing ones. The application differs little from the usual coating insulation, which was already mentioned above. For painting application, waterproofing is produced in the form of a paste or solution.

After treating the floor with “liquid” rubber, a sealed elastic film should form on the surface, which will reliably protect the floor from moisture.

The table shows the main characteristics of this material:

Material parameters	Indicators
Tensile Strength (MPa)	2E-3
Elongation at break (%)	1500
Adhesion strength to concrete surface (MPa)	1
Density (kg/m³)	1000÷1100
Amount of non-volatile substances (%)	57÷65
Curing time of the composition after its application (hours)	24
Maximum water absorption in the first 24 hours,%	0.5
Water permeability at a pressure of 0.01 MPa in 24 hours	No wet spot
Average consumption of the main component in the manufacture of floor covering material is 1 mm, in dry matter kg/m²	1.61

Technical and operational characteristics of different brands may vary slightly. But due to the fact that all the components of “liquid” rubber are environmentally friendly, during operation they do not emit harmful fumes and are safe for humans.

The positive qualities of all types of “liquid” rubber include:

• High degree of adhesion to various surfaces.
• Chemical resistance.
• Possibility of applying waterproofing to old cleaned floors.
• Formation of a continuous seamless surface.
• High elasticity and strength of the material.

A clear example of the high elasticity and strength of “liquid rubber”

• Endurance under temperature changes.
• The composition is odorless during installation, so it is suitable for waterproofing indoor areas.
• Long service life.

How to apply “liquid” rubber

There is no point in describing the work with the coating type of “liquid rubber” - it is no different from ordinary coating waterproofing. In order not to repeat ourselves, it is worth considering only the technologies of spraying and pouring waterproofing composition.

The first step is T t conventional surface preparation. It is carried out in the same way as for any type of waterproofing. The main condition is the evenness of the floor surface, without protruding fragments, and its cleanliness.

Before applying all types of “liquid” rubber, the surfaces must also be primed. As a primer, a similar composition of a polymer-bitumen solution, which will not only create excellent adhesion for the coating, but also enhance its waterproofing properties. The primer is applied using a roller or brush.

The next step, after the soil has completely dried, is the application of waterproofing material. Spraying of “liquid” rubber is carried out using special equipment. The compressor unit is connected to containers with a bitumen-polymer composition and fixative - solution calcium chloride. Both components are fed into the sprayer at once, which are mixed and applied to the surface under pressure, forming an elastic membrane 2 ÷ 3 mm thick. This process is usually trusted to specialists who have the necessary equipment and experience working with it.

Liquid rubber spraying process

The pouring method consists of pouring finished material on the floor surface and spreading it using a needle roller, spatula or squeegee. Waterproofing is applied not only to the floor surface, but also, as in previous cases, to the lower part of the wall and around the water pipes.

The approximate consumption of this material per 1 m² is 2.8 ÷ 3 liters. Complete drying of the coating occurs after two days. After this time has passed, you can proceed to further work on flooring.

"Liquid glass"

Knowing the characteristics and technology of applying various waterproofing materials, it will be easier to choose one that suits all parameters and will be available for independent work.

Those who have country houses, live in the private sector or an apartment on the ground floor, and are forced to look for means of protection from large amounts of moisture. In this case, only waterproofing the floor can save you. It prevents water from entering from concrete basements or earthen foundations.

Similar measures are advisable in the bathroom, kitchen or basement. Therefore, we will dwell in more detail on the ways in which this can be done.

What is floor sealing?

Sealing a coating is a primitive set of measures that protect concrete or wooden base from the harmful effects of moisture. If this is not done, the source of dampness will very quickly provoke the appearance of mold, which is very difficult to get rid of. In addition, moisture can destroy the floor covering. Modern finishing materials are not cheap, so you can avoid high costs only by performing proper waterproofing.

The modern market offers a wide range of waterproofing materials. It is very difficult for a non-professional to understand which one to choose. That’s why review articles are so popular to help you navigate this issue.

You should form your preferences based on the following factors:

1. Features of climate determined by geographical location.
2. The location of an object is how high it is from the ground.
3. Availability of large quantity groundwater.
4. Location of the moisture source.
5. The material from which the floor base is made.

Note! It is important to seal the surface that is directly exposed to moisture. Therefore, if the source is under the roof, there is no point in sealing only the floor.

In apartment buildings, sealing the floors in the bathroom, kitchen and toilet is justified by the fact that in this way you can insure yourself against flooding of your neighbors. Even if a pipe breaks in the apartment and the floor is treated, water will not seep down. That's why conflict situations will not arise with those who live below.

When constructing a new building or major renovation old, such a procedure is mandatory. It is important to choose the right waterproofing material to properly solve the problem.

What materials are there?

To carry out waterproofing work, several types of sealants are used:

1. Coating solutions made from cement base, to which special synthetic substances are added.
2. Bitumen-based lining materials.
3. An injection material that allows you to create cut-off waterproofing.
4. Membrane waterproofing.

What's better? It is impossible to answer unequivocally, since each has positive and negative sides and its own areas of application. Which? Let's figure it out.

This is by far the simplest waterproofing option.

Coating waterproofing is represented by two types of materials - mastics and emulsions. Mastics are cold materials that do not require heating. You can also work with them at sub-zero temperatures. They are used to treat bases that are difficult to finish with other waterproofing agents.

Today this is the simplest waterproofing option with a universal scope of application. The material allows you to solve a wide range of problems and eliminate the penetration of moisture, no matter where it comes from - inside or outside.

The positive qualities of coating solutions are obvious:

1. They are not subject to shrinkage.
2. All varieties are environmentally friendly.
3. Mastics and emulsions withstand the effects of aggressive environments.
4. The surface treated with them becomes completely impermeable to moisture.

Rich assortment

Coating waterproofing is done using a brush, spatula or roller

Mastics and emulsions can be different - it all depends on what “ingredients” are used in them. According to this principle, coating materials are classified into the following types:

• Mineral waterproofing materials for floors. These are complex mixtures that include cement, water repellents, modifiers and fillers. They can be used to seal concrete bases, as well as brickwork and all those surfaces that are not susceptible to cracking. They are applied to an absorbent, rough surface, which is first leveled and moistened with water.
• Polycement materials are presented in complex cement-sand mixture, to which polymers are added that are responsible for the mobility of the composition. They also increase its moisture resistance, frost resistance and resistance to negative factors. environment. Elastic two-component coating materials are used to treat structures that are not susceptible to cracking. And hard ones are for concrete floors.
• Polymer materials are created on the basis of polyurethane, acrylic and epoxy resins. They also contain active substances responsible for adhesion, elasticity and the ability to fill cracks and potholes. Such materials are used to protect the concrete base from the effects of hazardous chemical compounds, waterproofing treatment facilities and sewerage. Therefore, you should not choose them for treating the floor in an apartment.
• IN separate group distinguish bitumen-polymer mastics and emulsions. The first ones are used for processing underground structures. The second ones are for waterproofing mineral surfaces.

Negative qualities

Coating materials also have negative sides:

• First of all, they don't last long. Their average service life is approximately 5-6 years.
• Secondly, almost all coating agents are afraid of sudden temperature changes.
• Thirdly, before treating the surface it must be coated with a thick layer of a special primer, and this increases the cost of waterproofing work.

Wide range of materials

What is adhesive floor waterproofing? This is the sealing of a surface using waterproof materials glued or fused to the base. This technology is used to save basements from groundwater or in cases where mastics and emulsions cannot be used for some reason.

Most often you can find rolls, sheets or tile materials. The method for making them is simple. The bitumen-polymer composition is applied to a non-woven polyester or fiberglass base. It is protected from below by a polymer layer, and from above it is covered with sand, mineral powder or a thin polymer film.

Note! The base can also be made of roofing cardboard impregnated with fusible bitumen or tar products.

Installation features

As a rule, such materials are laid on horizontal surfaces, and individual strips are glued using adhesives. bitumen mastics. They are able not only to adhere well to the material, but also to reliably seal the seams.

Disadvantages of technology

Pasting materials can only be laid on a flat surface with a permissible height difference of 0.2 cm. The base must be dry. It must be primed with emulsion and bitumen in advance.

You can only work at temperatures above +10 degrees. Conduct adhesive waterproofing Only professionals can. And this is the most main drawback of this method.

Ideal material for waterproofing floors in an old house

Injectable waterproofing material protects porous surfaces from moisture. The principle of its operation is as follows. Penetrates into the surface being treated special composition, which fills all pores and displaces liquid. At the same time, the technical characteristics of the old concrete base are gradually restored, conditions are created for the death of mold, and the chemical resistance of the material increases.

Such compositions can be used both at the construction stage and when repairing dilapidated structures. That's why injection materials Ideal for waterproofing floors in an old house. The material perfectly holds back pressure, which allows it to be used indoors.

Existing varieties

Most often, liquid injection waterproofing is used to protect the floor from moisture. It not only provides the expected effect, but also additionally protects the base from temperature changes, corrosion and heat loss.

There are two types of liquid waterproofing:

1. Liquid rubber.
2. Liquid glass.

The first material is highly elastic, easy to apply, and the surface can be repaired over time. Liquid rubber is environmentally friendly and has good adhesion. The surface is smooth and there are no seams at all. The material is used to treat swimming pools, concrete tunnels and apartment floors.

The second material is a solution of potassium and sodium silicate. It is used only during the construction stage. The composition is mixed into concrete, causing it to become harder and more resistant to mechanical damage and absorbs moisture significantly less.

Membrane waterproofing

The floor must be prepared by first dismantling it

Membrane waterproofing is a new generation product. Essentially, it is a self-adhesive film that consists of three layers. At the core - hard polyethylene film, there is a bitumen-polymer sticky layer on it, and an anti-adhesive layer on the bottom. The membrane thickness is only 1 mm.

The material can be used almost anywhere. It is not afraid of sudden temperature changes, it is easy to install, and does not require maintenance during operation. The individual elements are connected to each other by a stream of hot air. The result is a monolithic canvas, from the surface of which moisture evaporates very quickly.

The main advantage of membrane waterproofing is the ability to process objects with the material different shapes and configurations. There is only one drawback - very high price compared to analog products. Therefore, membrane waterproofing cannot yet be called popular.

Generalization on the topic

Properly performed waterproofing for the floor and the use of materials suitable for these purposes will extend the service life of the base, as well as the finishing finishing coating, creating a more favorable microclimate in the house. By carefully studying the overview of existing materials, you will be able to perform high-quality waterproofing.

It is noticed that concrete structures, which most often act as the base of the floor, after treatment they become more frost-resistant, waterproof, and resistant to aggressive agents.

Publications on the topic

All structural elements houses or apartments require reliable protection from high humidity. Why is waterproofing needed?

In a room located above a damp basement, moisture destroys the concrete of the floors. High humidity causes mold to grow in wooden coverings and rotting begins. IN multi-storey buildings on the middle floors, when moisture penetrates through cracks at the joints of the floor, carpet, laminate, parquet, bamboo lose their original appearance and become unusable.

Waterproofing the first floor of a private house that does not have a basement or floor in the country house will extend the life of the building. Water vapor rising from the ground can be acidic or alkaline.

Interacting with concrete, moisture can destroy it completely in a few years. Waterproofing the floor will help avoid such problems in your home, increase the safety of its operation, and improve comfortable conditions accommodation.

Materials

Depending on the purpose, conditions of use of the room, condition of the subfloor, financial costs, use various materials for waterproofing, which protect it from destruction. All types of waterproofing comprise two main groups - for external and internal work.

According to the main composition of the water-repellent component:

• bitumen – based on mineral components;
• polymer;
• bitumen-polymer.

Based on the method of application to surfaces, the main types are distinguished:

• roll;
• film;
• penetrating;
• membrane;
• painting;
• pasting;
• coating;
• powder;
• plastering.

Roll and self-adhesive waterproofing

They have become widespread for waterproofing floors in apartments and private houses. Roofing felt is still used for waterproofing today, along with roofing felt and glass roofing felt. Cardboard or fiberglass impregnated with a mixture of bitumen and basalt chips. They can be laid to protect foundations, roofs, and floors from moisture. Modern waterproofing materials have additional thermal insulation properties.

Roll waterproofing - membrane (geomembrane). There is a lock at the junction. Additionally, gluing is performed.

Rolled waterproofing materials come in two types: floating and self-adhesive. Floating materials are durable and inexpensive. Their disadvantage: the waterproofing must be installed using a gasoline or gas burner; when heated, they emit an unpleasant odor and harmful smoke. The method is quite suitable for use at the dacha with your own hands when waterproofing the subfloor. Laying roofing felt during waterproofing work requires the installation of an additional screed.

Self-adhesive waterproofing is installed quickly and is easily attached to the base. Which side to lay the self-adhesive material is indicated in the attached instructions. For waterproofing, a self-adhesive film made of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, and polypropylene is used. Usually pvc film used to create a dry or cement-concrete screed for a concrete floor. Working with self-adhesive film does not take much time.

Penetrating waterproofing

used as a primary or additional measure to protect a concrete floor. Includes subgroups:

• Concreting – increases the density and strength of the material. Placed as an additive to create a reinforcing layer.
• Cement-polymer - used for treating concrete, wood, and brick floors. Polymer waterproofing has high adhesion to the surface, is easy to use, and environmentally friendly. Waterproofing the subfloor can be done with cement-polymer mastic laid on a reinforcing mesh - you get a waterproofing layer and a screed at the same time.
• Cement inorganic waterproofing is used to treat concrete floors.

Ceramic tiles can be easily laid on a layer of penetrating waterproofing.

Mastics

plastic adhesive solutions based on bitumen, liquid rubber, polymers, resins, plasticizers, and other additives. Mastic solutions are of hot or cold type. Floor waterproofing mastic is used to create a waterproof layer and treat joints in the bathroom, toilet, kitchen, bathhouse, and swimming pool. Mastic displaces rolled materials, since, unlike them, it does not have unpleasant odor, does not form seams that could cause water leakage.

Water-repellent materials

For waterproofing, liquid water-repellent materials can be laid. The composition of the group includes primers, varnishes, paints, impregnations.

Powder materials

for protection against moisture, they are represented by a variety of dry mixtures based on cement, glue, binders, and plasticizers.

Immediately before use, add the dry mixture to the water so that the solution is ready for use. Powder mixtures are used to create concrete floor screeds, a waterproof layer for basement floors, and swimming pools. It all depends on the chosen material.

Execution technologies

When applying waterproofing, it is important to follow the rule - in places where the floor meets the walls, the waterproofing layer must be raised to a height of at least 30 cm.

Application of liquid waterproofing. Liquid waterproofing for floors, depending on the composition and viscosity of the material, it is divided into cast and impregnating.

Polymers and bitumen compositions

Casting – application of polymer or bitumen solutions, which, when hardened, form an even waterproof film. Bitumen solutions are heated to a temperature of 130 - 140 ° C, poured onto a clean floor and leveled with a wide spatula.

This method is used to treat continuous bases before pouring the screed. Waterproofing can be laid in several layers, between which a metal reinforcing mesh or reinforced fiberglass is laid; The thickness of the waterproof film can be 5–15 cm. The base of the floor is impregnated with waterproofing material.

Surface coating involves working with heated bitumen-polymer mastics, cold polymer, rubber-epoxy mastics. Coating waterproofing based on oxidized bitumen is produced with the inclusion of an organic solvent and various fillers.

Crumb rubber, plasticizer, and latex are used as additives, which significantly increases the elasticity of the coating and prevents it from cracking. Bitumen-polymer mastics are characterized by high adhesion. Laying waterproofing under a concrete floor with reinforcing fiber significantly increases its strength and abrasion resistance.

A special primer applied before applying the mastic increases the bond of the waterproofing layer with concrete base. Mastic can be sold complete with a primer; they have a common main component. The main advantages of coating materials are cost-effectiveness and ease of application.

Coloring

How to waterproof a floor by painting? Painting is used for floors along joists, for wood or concrete coverings. Polymer or bitumen varnish is used. Depending on the consistency of the composition, it is applied to the surface with a spatula, roller, paint brush. The layer with this treatment is 2 - 3 mm thick and additionally performs the functions of anti-corrosion and anti-fungal protection. The service life of such protection is 5 years.

Pasting materials

Self-adhesive roll-on waterproofing option

How to properly waterproof a floor using adhesive materials? This method involves laying rolls and sheets of moisture-resistant materials in layers on a previously cleaned and primed base floor.

Types of adhesive waterproofing:

• Conventional flooring on a surface under a cement or dry screed, under a wooden rough covering with a joint or in an independent way fastenings
• Fusing rolled material onto the floor with a gas burner. The method is fire hazardous and requires skills and strict adherence to fire safety rules.
• Gluing using special adhesives and mastics. Many types of modern film waterproofing They have an adhesive layer, which greatly simplifies their installation. The melting temperature of mastic on a bitumen-polymer base is selected 20 - 25 ° higher than high temperature air of this room.

All types of lining materials react to shear, and therefore they are used to protect rigid structures made of brick, concrete, and reinforced concrete from high humidity. This type of waterproofing is also used for wooden subfloors.

Plaster

Easy to implement, environmentally friendly safe way using various dry cement-based mixtures with the inclusion of binding mineral and polymer additives. The solution fills well any unevenness, cracks, or crevices of the surface being treated. The mixture is applied with a spatula or brush.

Mastic and plaster

Mastic for waterproofing floors. Features of working with mastic and plaster.

After applying the self-leveling material, the floor must be in a calm state for the composition to polymerize. The mastic is applied in several layers - in this case, each subsequent layer is applied perpendicular to the previous one after it has completely dried.

Complete waterproofing is ensured when the floor and walls are treated to a height of 10 - 15 cm. Cement-polymer mastics provide water protection and form a self-leveling surface. There is no need to fill the screed. A floor finishing coating is laid on top of the waterproofing.

Backfill materials

Backfill waterproofing is used to protect floors in wet areas. How to lay backfill material? Bulk components are poured into the pre-constructed formwork in an even layer.

Perlite sand, ash, mineral wool, and bentonite are used as fillers. Backfill hydraulic protection has a long service life, but its installation is a labor-intensive and expensive process.

Choice of premises

When choosing a material and method of waterproofing the floor, you need to take into account individual characteristics operation of the premises - humidity, presence of a “warm floor” heating system, presence of a toilet, swimming pool.

Work must be carried out especially carefully at the dacha in the garage - a constant excess of moisture will lead to rotting of vehicles. Which waterproofing to choose to protect your garage floor?

The optimal solution is concrete. Waterproofing under a concrete floor - penetrating, impregnation, additives to concrete when preparing the solution. Immediately before pouring concrete, the soil is filled with bitumen; construction clay or rolled material - a geomembrane - are also used.

It is possible to use a combined method of waterproofing - lay the first layer with a roll coating, then seal all the joints that appear and apply a layer of mastic on top.

Preparing for work

Before starting waterproofing work, preliminary measures are taken with the subfloor:

• removal of old coating;
• thorough cleaning and drying of the rough surface;
• sealing cracks and cracked parts of the surface with waterproofing putty.

The main condition for the duration of operation and the effectiveness of preserving the floor from high humidity is right choice material, compliance with installation technology.

Apartment renovation involves many aspects. One of them is major floor finishing, which includes several types of work. This is waterproofing, if necessary, laying a heated floor system and other communications, as well as finishing the surface. Each of these aspects is very important, because only by following all the technology for proper floor repair can you achieve solid foundation And quality work. Waterproofing the floor under the screed must be done, as it can not only protect the concrete covering from destruction, but also protect the property of neighbors in the event of some unforeseen situations.

Before we talk about waterproofing measures for the surface of a rough foundation, you should find out what a screed is and why it is needed. So, a screed is a special coating, a durable layer that will serve as the basis for the finishing floor covering. It is necessary to ensure that the surface on which the finishing will be laid becomes perfectly flat. In this way, it will be possible to save finishing material from premature deformation and destruction, as well as to achieve a smooth horizontal surface.

There are several types of screed.

On a note! The drying time for the screed is about a month. It is necessary to wait this time, so it is possible to continue immediately after pouring the screed layer Finishing work No. There are, of course, those that reduce the waiting time, but still, on the first day it will not be possible to work on the basis in any case. Most quick option- This is a dry screed, but it is not recommended to install it in rooms with high humidity.

Screed is necessary in premises of any purpose, especially in residential buildings and apartments. This is the ideal foundation for any type finishing coating, be it a coat of paint or an expensive one.

Waterproofing the floor before screed

Waterproofing is one of the activities carried out during floor renovation. It is done before pouring the screed and protects the room from moisture from the outside, and also protects other adjacent rooms from water from the renovated room getting into them. Waterproofing will also protect the concrete screed itself from the effects of moisture vapor, which is especially important if the room in which the repair is being carried out is located above the basement. If the cement base is constantly exposed to moisture, it will quickly begin to lose its performance characteristics - deteriorate, crack - and will last much less than it could.

Attention! Waterproofing is especially important in areas where there is a risk of water leaks. For example, this could be a bathroom, kitchen, toilet, etc.

In the event of flooding of a room that does not have a waterproofed floor, the water will very quickly, under the influence of gravity, flow down through microcracks and pores, of which there are a great many in the structure of concrete. Thus, the liquid will seep to the lower floors and flood the neighbors or basement. Water can also get below the joints between the walls and the floor - usually in these places there are quite wide cracks.

Another advantage of laying a waterproofing layer is that it protects the health of people living in the apartment. If moisture cannot enter the room from the outside and accumulate in the area of ​​the concrete screed, then the spread of fungi and mold, which so love a humid environment, will not occur. This means that they will not threaten human health.

The need to install waterproofing also lies in further high-quality work. If a waterproofing layer is laid, then apply building mixture for the screed it will be much better and smoother.

Attention! Waterproofing the floor is extremely necessary for those structures that do not have basements. They are extremely susceptible to moisture coming to them from the soil.

Some people believe that waterproofing is enough to do in the kitchen or bathroom, but this is far from true. A water-repellent coating must be laid in all rooms, because each of them has pipes heating system, which can also suddenly leak.

On a note! Materials for waterproofing are not that expensive, which means you can quite allocate a certain amount from your budget and still complete the protective part of the work. In the event of a flood, this will be more profitable than paying for damaged repairs to neighbors.

Types of floor waterproofing before screed

There are several options for installing waterproofing indoors. They differ from each other in the design techniques and materials used.

Table. Methods of waterproofing floors.

Method	Materials used
	In this case, various canvases are used to cover the subfloor, and the screed is poured on top. Previously, only roofing felt was used for these purposes. However, now there are many more modern materials, which differ in structure, properties, and substance used in production. Such waterproofing is a kind of protective membrane that can hold a sufficiently large amount of liquid if necessary. The advantages of this method include high speed and ease of installation, low cost of materials. Most often, filisol, isoplast, hydroisol, and other waterproofing films are used to protect against water. Bituminous materials or those made from fiberglass are also often purchased.
	Waterproofing in this case is carried out with special mastics, often made on the basis of bitumen. The technique is often used in bathrooms, washrooms, and rooms with swimming pools. Waterproofing materials are applied with a brush or roller to the floor and walls. The most important thing is to prepare the surface to be coated well, that is, remove dust and debris. Otherwise, the integrity of the coating may be compromised. In general, among all types of waterproofing, this is the most reliable method. By the way, polymer resins are considered the most durable during operation. In order for such waterproofing to serve faithfully, it is also important to pre-treat the surface with a primer before application, and the material should be applied in several layers, changing the direction of movement of the brushes.
	These mixtures are diluted according to the instructions on the package with ordinary water and turned into a kind of coating waterproofing. The material is applied in several layers (usually 2-3), each of which is well dried before applying the next. It is important that all layers are full and uniform. The mixture consumption for such waterproofing is about 1.5-2 kg/sq.m. This is quite a lot, but the mixture will also allow you to correct all the flaws made during the repair.
	A simple but very effective method of protecting a room from moisture. Absolutely not afraid of water. It is produced using special solutions that are applied to the surface of concrete, interact with it and create a durable water-repellent layer. Solutions are made based on bitumen or polymers.

roll waterproofing

Advice! Owners of private houses without basements are recommended to create a cushion of gravel, which is covered with sand. In this case, finely dispersed fractions natural material will retain moisture coming from the soil.

Video - Waterproofing. Types and applications

Laying technology and materials

Installation of waterproofing is quite simple and is not difficult even for novice craftsmen. The most important thing is to follow the basic rules of work:

• methods of applying or laying a layer of waterproofing will directly depend on what technology is used and what materials are used;
• it is necessary to secure it around the perimeter of the room;
• joints between adjacent layers of waterproofing materials must be completely sealed;
• the surface to be treated must be perfectly clean;
• a primer should be used;
• The application of a waterproofing layer can only be done on a dry surface.

It is worth remembering that the slightest mistake when installing screeds and laying waterproofing can cause large expenses. These procedures do not tolerate flaws. In some cases, it may even be necessary to completely dismantle all laid layers. However, it is extremely difficult to make a mistake during this work.

Preparation and some features

Before starting work on waterproofing a room, it is important to prepare the surface. To begin with, everything unnecessary is removed from the room - it should remain completely empty. Next, all debris is removed from the base of the floor/ceiling so that not even fine dust remains. All large protrusions on the surface are leveled, but this is usually done before the surface is cleaned. The joints between walls and floors, as well as all kinds of cracks, joints between floor slabs are sealed with cement mortar.

A layer of primer is applied to the prepared and dried surface. It dries quickly, so you won’t have to put off the main work for long.

How much will you have to pay for materials?

Materials for waterproofing, of course, are not available for free, but among them there are a lot of affordable ones. The purchase of these materials for repairs is quite affordable even for a modest home owner.

Table. Average cost of some materials.

Name	price, rub.
Hydroisol based on steklohost, 2.5 mm, 9 sq. m.	400
Uniflex TechnoNIKOL, 3 mm, 10 sq. m.	1200
Ruberoid, 15 sq. m.	400
Glassine, 13 sq. m.	100
Technoelast TechnoNIKOL, 4 mm, 10 sq. m.	1400
Aquastop - Perfecta, 20 kg (coating)	650
WaterStop SLIMS, 20 kg	850
Mastic Flachendicht, Knauf, 5 kg	1250
Bitumen mastic, 20 kg	350
Rubber mastic, 22 kg	1350
Construction bitumen, 25 kg	600
Bitumen primer, 20 l	650
Bitumen primer TechnoNIKOL, 20 l	1800

Advice! For reinforced concrete floors in kitchens and bathrooms, it is recommended to use concrete contact and penetrating waterproofing.

The procedure for waterproofing with roll materials

The base is pre-prepared and thoroughly dried. Rolls of material are rolled out parallel to each other. The material is partially applied to the walls of the room.

An overlap of at least 10 cm is required along the longitudinal edges.

The material is heated using a gas burner. This way it sticks to the wall.

The side seams are also fixed in the same way.

At the end part of the sheets, the material is laid with an overlap of at least 15 cm. The end seams of adjacent rolls must be laid with a spacing of at least 50 cm.

Video - Foundation waterproofing

Using coating waterproofing

Table. Waterproofing using coating materials.

Steps, photo	Description of actions
	The surface of the rough base is carefully prepared.
	The junctions between walls and floors are coated with a waterproofing compound.
	Waterproofing tape is also glued to the joint.
	The tape is covered with a brush waterproofing material fully.
	The base surface is processed waterproofing mixture. The substance is applied in 2-3 layers with preliminary drying of each.

Video - Coating waterproofing

If you do all the work according to the instructions, then even beginners in construction will not have problems with waterproofing the floor. However, it is worth knowing that the quality of work will largely depend on the quality of the materials used in the repair.

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