What plaster to choose for the walls in the apartment. Decorative plaster for the interior - which one to choose How to apply ready-made decorative plaster

There are many ways to decorate your home, but... Lately Decorative plasters are becoming more and more popular. They are very diverse and allow you to create walls and ceilings that are unique in appearance. Different types give different effects, plus the application of decorative plaster can also be different. The result is a huge number of variations to suit any interior in any style.

Types of decorative plaster

Decorative plaster- wonderful interior decoration

Decorative plaster is used for finishing walls and ceilings indoors, building facades. The basis may be various substances both natural (gypsum, cement, marble dust) and artificial (acrylic, silicone, silicate) origin. It is called so because it forms an attractive surface with different textures - from smooth Venetian plaster like marble to embossed stone or “fur coat” plaster. The number of options is endless - applying decorative plaster is a creative process and it is unlikely to be repeated exactly. This is another advantage of this type of finishing.

Based on the type of surface being formed, they are distinguished the following types decorative plaster:

Embossed. After applying such compositions, some inhomogeneities and irregularities are often formed on the surface, that is, they create a relief. Their advantage is the low requirements for foundation preparation. It should be durable and should not crumble. There should also be no significant differences, but perfect smoothness is not required.
Smooth. There is only one subspecies in this category - Venetian plaster, but it allows them to create surfaces with different appearances. It is a plastic mass, often translucent. It contains dust from marble, malachite and other natural materials. With its help you can imitate marble, cork, leather, silk, precious woods, various metals, malachite and granite finishes.

It must be said right away that textured and plastic plasters are often difficult to separate, since different techniques can be used on the same composition. The photo below shows options for only one type of plaster - different techniques for applying decorative plaster make it possible to obtain surfaces that are very different in appearance.

Some decorative plasters are so plastic that you can use them to create piece of art. The results are very beautiful and original panels.

A few touches...

By changing the application of decorative plaster, all these different reliefs are obtained - from simple to complex.

It is worth considering their division by area of application. There are two large groups- for external and internal work. There are also universal compositions, but rarely. Almost all of the compounds discussed above are for interior work. These are more interior solutions. Some of them are abrasion resistant, some can be washed detergents and even brushes, but harsh operating conditions on outdoors they won't stand it.

Some types of textured plaster are suitable for external use - bark beetle, for example. This type of finishing material is just universal. It can be seen on the façade and indoors. In apartments these are usually corridors, and in offices and institutions corridors or service rooms can be decorated in this way.

An example of finishing a house with decorative plaster on the outside: stone plaster on the base, bark beetle on the walls above

Putties for external use generally have a coarser structure and contain components that increase resistance to ultraviolet radiation and other climatic influences. In this category there are specific plasters - stone. They consist of small fractions natural stones in a binder solution. This type of decorative plaster can be applied simply with a spatula or a stainless trowel. Other elements are rarely used. Creating reliefs on facades and fences is not best idea- dust will get clogged and spoil the appearance, and it is not easy to wash it out.

Surface preparation

Different types of decorative plaster require different degrees of surface preparation. But we can definitely say that we need to remove everything that can fall off. The surface must be durable, dry and clean, and must not crumble. Another obligatory step is priming. And not with any composition, but with a special one that creates a rough coating. It increases adhesion (grip).

For relief (structural and textured)

Under all the relief, you can’t particularly level the walls or ceiling. The composition is applied in a fairly decent layer - up to 1 cm, so it hides differences of up to 8-9 mm. But in order to reduce the consumption of an expensive composition, it is still recommended to remove large irregularities. The protrusions are trimmed off, the holes are covered with suitable plaster. The next mandatory step is primer coating. After drying, you can begin applying decorative plaster.

Structural plaster is usually applied in two layers. The first - basic - is laid flat and dried. The layer thickness is indicated by the manufacturer, usually with some tolerance. This layer also serves as a leveling layer, but again, to reduce costs, it is better to level the surface first. The second layer is applied a little thinner, and a relief begins to form on it.

But not all structural plasters are two-layer. On many, relief can be formed immediately after application, without a base layer. Usually the recommended layer in this case is somewhat thicker.

Under Venetian plaster

Compositions of this group require a perfectly flat surface. Not as smooth as for painting, but almost the same. Not allowed big differences- no more than 2-3 mm per square meter. standard - first, a layer of plaster (regular) is applied to the walls and a painting mesh is embedded in it. After drying, a leveling layer is applied until it is perfectly level. Next is the primer, and after this layer has dried, the application of Venetian plaster.

Application techniques

It is impossible to talk about every method of applying decorative plaster - there is a lot various parts and nuances. The simplest case is with textured plasters. They are simply applied with a spatula. The whole difference is in the direction of movement of the spatula, in the depth of the beards that leave inclusions, and in color. But this is in basic version. No one is stopping you from experimenting with these compounds. Another thing is that on structural ones the effect of the same actions is more impressive - more flexible compositions.

What can be used to create a decorative effect

Application of decorative plaster is possible with many tools and ordinary household materials and devices made from them:

Metal trowels and graters. They are used not only for applying the composition in an even layer, but also for forming geometrically chaotic patterns on it.
Construction floats made of plastic, foam. They are used to level out and smooth out the newly formed overly protruding relief.
Fine grit sandpaper. Also for leveling the relief, but on already dried material. When compared with the previous method, the effects are different.
Foam sponges. They are multifunctional. They can:
Cellophane films and bags. Also a multifunctional tool:
- Spreading thin soft plaster on freshly applied decorative plaster plastic film, you can form a relief with your hands. It could be some kind of abstraction or something with some motives. When the relief is ready, the film is carefully removed and the relief is left to dry.
- The crumpled paper is wrapped in film. Get simple but effective tool to form a heterogeneous and chaotic pattern. You can use different application techniques - circular movements, short “jabs”, waves, strokes, comets, tails, etc.
- Simply crumpling up cellophane, but this time harder, and “poking” it into the plaster, we get a surface somewhat reminiscent of the moon.
Rollers. Regular foam or fur rollers are used, as well as special ones with some kind of pattern. Regular ones are used to create a basic relief, on top of which more pronounced strokes are then applied. The type and shape of the “basic” relief depends on the length of the pile. When rolling foam roller small protrusions and depressions are obtained. When rolling the hairy one, it becomes more clearly defined. The longer the pile, the greater the differences.
Different rollers - different surfaces
Hands in rubber gloves. Any pattern can be made. The task is to repeat more or less similar on the rest of the plane.
Brushes. You can get stripes, waves and a bunch of other appearance options.

Principles of relief formation

Decorative plaster is attractive because it allows you to create a unique design - you can use your own imagination. To make this drawing look harmonious, you need to know a few general rules. U good producers The description of each composition contains rules for working with it. It describes the procedure, application methods, and techniques for forming decorative surfaces.

A simple method is rolling with a roller with a pattern molded on it.

Large companies (manufacturers or shopping centers) conduct master classes where anyone can try to work with a specific decorative plaster, which is also provided there, rather than experimenting “on the spot”. Therefore, before purchasing, be sure to read the entire available material, watch the videos, which are also often available, and in large quantities— There are really many methods of work. Describing in words is difficult and often incomprehensible. It's much easier to do everything in video format. We will try to briefly summarize the techniques.

- When working with structural plasters painted in the paste (the color is added to the composition), a thin base layer is first applied. It can be smooth, or maybe slightly textured - rolled with one of the rollers. This layer is allowed to dry (6-24 hours depending on the manufacturer). Then, using the same or clarified composition (an uncolored composition is added, obtaining a mass several tones lighter), one of the reliefs is formed. Next options:
  - - Immediately after formation, until the plaster has dried, the overly protruding parts are lightly smoothed with a stainless or plastic trowel.
  - Wait until the layer dries. Sandpaper attached to the holder or wooden block, clear some part of the relief.
- When working with textured plasters, apply one layer. Without waiting for it to dry, immediately take the grout and form the desired relief. An example is working with bark beetle plaster. This composition is widespread, but basically all surfaces are made the same - with vertical strokes formed by inclusions. There are some very interesting techniques in the video.

The most difficult technique is to apply Venetian plaster. The layers are very thin, translucent, there are many of them and they are applied in different ways:
- - An even, thin base coat is applied first. It dries up.
  - Thin chaotic strokes are applied, which gradually fill the surface. In this case, a certain, not very pronounced relief is obtained - different thicknesses You get strokes in different directions.
  - The layer is left to dry for 4-5 hours.
  - Take a large stainless spatula or grater and rub (iron) the surface. At the same time, the sharp edges are slightly erased, the surface becomes smooth in places, and velvety in appearance in others. The “marble effect” begins to appear.
  - The next layer is almost the same, but you just need to level the surface as much as possible.
  - The layer is left to dry for 1.5-2 hours.
  - Smooth it with an even, burr-free spatula with rounded ends (so as not to accidentally damage it). At this stage, the surface acquires a glossy shine.
  - The final stage is coating with decorative wax. This layer increases the moisture resistance of the coating, and the glossy shine becomes more pronounced.

Applying decorative plaster: video tutorials

Not all the nuances finishing works can be clearly described in words. Previously, everything was transferred from the master to the students through an internship. Modern technologies make it possible to make the process more widespread - video lessons and master classes give an idea of how to move, which is very difficult to describe in words. This section contains several interesting ideas for decorating walls with relief plaster.

As you understand, applying decorative plaster is a creative endeavor. But without experience, it’s difficult to imagine what results any of your actions will lead to. We look carefully and try to copy the movements. First, it is advisable to practice on a piece of puttied drywall - to work out the technique. When you are satisfied with the result, you can start decorating the walls.

Among the many species interior decoration, which are very popular lately, special meaning Decorative plaster is becoming more and more popular every year. It is relatively inexpensive, looks great and is very easy to use. Today we will tell you about how to apply decorative plaster.

The advantages of this type of coating

In order not to be unfounded, let's describe the main advantages that decorative plaster has. Firstly, special attention There is no need to devote any time to preparing the wall, but it will allow you to reliably mask almost all defects present on the surface.

In addition, this type of finishing will be appropriate not only on concrete, but even on a wooden wall. There are no joints or other traces of connection, and the attractive appearance can last for years. Do not forget that plaster largely protects your home from fire, while simultaneously providing good sound insulation for the apartment.

Mixture composition

By the way, what does decorative plaster on walls consist of? It consists of several fairly simple components:

a water base with a thickener added to it;
fillers made of marble or granite chips;
preservatives, antiseptics, anti-fungus and mold agents.

Where is it best to apply?

If a person who is far from the intricacies of renovation enters a room that is decorated in this way, he will almost never be able to determine how such an effect was achieved. Walls are best for decoration country houses, although no one prohibits the use of such plaster for finishing niches and arches in apartments. In the kitchen, this kind of plaster is generally ideal, if only because of its inability to absorb odors and grease.

Preparing the surface

Before that, at least basic surface preparation is needed. If there was wallpaper or paint on the wall, you will need to remove it as carefully as possible, trying not to leave traces of the old coating.

Carefully read the instructions printed on the packaging. As a rule, there is a recommendation to apply the composition only to a surface that has been pre-treated with a primer. This is especially true for walls made of foam blocks, which have increased absorbency. It is better to remove the nails completely or cover them with a thick layer of varnish. Otherwise, a large amount of space may appear on the wall after a while. rust stain. If decorative plaster of walls will be applied in a newly built or renovated building, then the fresh surface can simply be covered with liquid lime mortar.

What tools are needed?

You will need to purchase a relief roller, a spatula knife and brushes, as well as rubber trowels. In general, the set of tools depends on the texture that you prefer to see on the walls. The fact is that the patterns on this plaster appear when the roller moves: it moves the filler granules, and they form an interesting pattern on the wall. When we apply decorative plaster, we can show off all our design skills!

Textured compositions can generally be applied to the surface using a sprayer with a large nozzle diameter. It is in this way that they are made that immediately attract attention due to their unique pattern. By the way, the composition for a long time retains its elasticity, and therefore it can be given virtually any shape that you might like. For this purpose, there are long-haired rollers, shaped spatulas or soft shaped knives.

Let's start work

It is carried out starting from the corners. Please note that the first time it will obviously not lie in an even and neat layer. Try working on it first experimental site, get used to it. In addition, under no circumstances leave the jar open for a long time, as the composition in this case quickly begins to dry out, becoming unusable.

Application method

We begin to apply the material to an area of no more than 0.5 square meters, since otherwise the solution dries out quickly. As a rule, the thickness of the applied layer should not exceed two millimeters. The greater the amount of mixture, the rougher the texture on the walls.

Having distributed the solution evenly over the surface, you can begin to create some artistic images. We thoroughly clean the spatula from the solution, and then begin to smooth the surface with it. Lightly press its bottom edge, then draw a straight (or winding) line down. From time to time, the spatula must be thoroughly cleaned of the solution and moistened with water. After all, decorative plaster for walls has excellent adhesive properties.

It is not uncommon to see beginners with a huge piece of material hanging on their spatula. Then it all comes off and falls, inevitably worsening the results of any work.

Your movements when distributing the plaster can be completely different, because as a result a completely unique and inimitable pattern will be formed. Important! As smoothly and carefully as possible, lift the spatula away from the surface being treated, trying not to leave any traces of it on the surface. If you don’t like the resulting pattern, you can lightly moisten the plaster with water at any time and rub it all over.

Before applying decorative plaster on the next area, overlap the already treated area, this way you can avoid the formation of joints that greatly spoil the flat surface. After application, you need to wait at least a day, after which you can begin further work(applying stencil designs on the wall, for example).

Other decoration methods

All decorative plaster, a photo of which is in the article, can be additionally decorated not only with fancy and unusual patterns, but even with real paintings. You don’t have to be an artist for this: just buy a stencil from the appropriate store and apply the picture on it. By the way, for this you can use not only paint, but also exactly the same plaster. This will make your walls look even more picturesque.

Here's how to apply decorative plaster.

How to make it “rain”?

To apply the material at an angle, you must first prepare the walls. First, lines are drawn on them with the appropriate slope. The width between them can be arbitrary, but it should be comfortable for you to work with a spatula. After that, glue masking tape to the lines.

Work should begin from the top corner of the room. We carefully spread plaster onto each strip, and the thickness of its layer should not exceed three millimeters. To create a “drip” structure, the trowel must be lightly pressed against the surface being treated, and then also carefully peeled away from it.

As a result, the wall will look a lot like a frightened hedgehog. This is easy to fix: take a moistened trowel, then carefully smooth out the “spines” with it, moving the tool strictly in one direction. The weaker you press, the more textured and rough the wall texture will remain.

All subsequent stripes must be applied with overlap. All of the above steps are repeated in a similar sequence. Allowing the edges to visually overlap each other will greatly improve the appearance of the finished surface. The joints should be smooth, but you should not specially smooth them.

This method is especially good if you are applying a decorative one. Instead, in this case, you need to use twine stretched diagonally.

In conclusion

In conclusion, we can advise you to take your time and approach your work consistently. We have already said that you should not take areas larger than 0.5 m for work. If you rush, the material will dry out, and with subsequent moistening and grouting, you will no longer be able to create such beautiful patterns.

Many novice builders have a question: Is it possible to apply decorative plaster on plaster? It is worth paying attention to this issue, since it is primarily financial issue, and then the question of beauty. If you master the technique well, you can save on costs.

You can do this job perfectly yourself without turning to specialists. Worth considering:

What is decorative plaster?
How to apply it?
What tools are needed?

Is it possible to apply decorative plaster to the main surface - features of the material

By decorative plaster we mean mass. It is used to decorate different types of surfaces. Since it has an attractive appearance, it is called decorative. After all, when it is applied to the wall, it looks quite aesthetically pleasing.

In order to start plastering the walls, you will need two types of materials. It is worth including the first type.

For more information about decorative textured plaster, watch the video:

Another type of material is structural plaster.

It is worth noting that the material already contains a coloring agent. However, after testing and polymerization has occurred, the wall needs additional painting. And sometimes it’s enough just to tint it.

The surface will look even more beautiful if it is treated with metallics and pearlescent pigments.

Structural putty

What can we say about structural putty? They are less plastic than textured ones; when working, you should also take into account. Thanks to the mineral granules they contain, the texture is formed. Quartz, marble, granite and more play an important role. Relief is achieved due to the fact that the grains are either on the surface itself or inside it.

In specialized stores you can find several other types of materials. Including products made from fibers, plaster, as well as almost transparent mixtures for plaster. They are used less frequently than the previous ones. Therefore, we will not talk about them.

In principle, there are other types of materials on the market - fiber products, translucent plaster mixtures etc . However, they are used quite rarely, so it would be more advisable to focus on more common finishing techniques. Let's talk about how to apply decorative plaster to plaster.

Necessary tool

First of all, it is important to decide what tool you will need to apply the plaster. Interestingly, in some cases you can use one spatula. However, if we are talking about fast work, then this will not work. This option is suitable only when a specialist has taken up the matter.

You can't do it without a masterful approach. In order for the work to be successful, it is important to use the following tool:

especially for mixing work - a large capacity container;
For direct work– small capacity;
a drill with a mixer attachment;
for plaster trowels;
trowel;
plastic and metal graters;
different spatula sizes;
brushes with hard bristles flat shape(one of them is maklovitsa);
sponge of rigid structure;
a roller with a pattern to create relief on the walls.

As you work, you may need more tools, but these will suffice to get you started. The main thing is to purchase everything in advance, so as not to be distracted from work later. Find out about brick-like decorative panels for interior wall decoration.

Preparing the walls

We are preparing the foundation for a strong future decorative composition. It is worth remembering that it is quite possible to apply decorative plaster on plaster. The only question is how correctly the walls were prepared. Let's talk in more detail about the stages of working with plaster.

The first thing we do is remove everything unnecessary from the base. When you approach the plaster layer, make sure that it does not fall off over time. Each case is individual and you should decide for yourself whether to remove the plaster completely.

How to determine what is best in your case?

Take a heavy hammer and start tapping the entire surface. Determine whether the material begins to crumble or remains in place. Also identify possible voids using a characteristic sound. If all this is missing, then you can safely apply decorative plaster to the old plaster.

Now it is important to determine what condition the surface is in. Find out if it has cracks, crevices or any other defect. Using a cement composition, or, fill all these voids. When you have already applied repair mixture For polymerization, prime all walls with a penetrating agent.

This will require about two layers of primer, but no less. Before applying another coat, stop and wait about 5 hours for the material to dry completely.

After these steps, the first primer layer is applied to the walls. The thickness of this plaster should be 20 mm. Thanks to this approach, the base will be reliable and the entire surface will be smooth. It is important that any large differences are eliminated. In some cases Instead of basic plastering, putty is applied.

At the same time, when the material dries, do not sand it, because adhesion will decrease. This applies to the processing of gypsum board. What can we say about different types walls? How is plaster applied to them? Wood and the material that is created with its use are distinguished by hygroscopicity. He will tell you about the price of puttying walls for wallpaper.

During work, the putty may begin to get wet at the base and become deformed. Also, the drying mode of the plaster itself will be disrupted. Therefore, if you decide to process wooden walls, then use a primer that contains components that protect against moisture.

If the surface is rough (plastic or plywood), then use a coarse abrasive. After all, without this, the plaster will begin to slide off it. What can you say about the metal elements that you will encounter during repairs? If you are using decorative composition for processing, rust stains will appear on them over time.

What to do? Use an anti-corrosion coating and you will avoid unpleasant moments.

Varieties of structural compositions

Let's consider spraying a “fur coat”. We have determined what is suitable for the plaster base for decoration, but now it is important to determine what finishing technology we will use. As for structural coatings, they are quite easier to apply than others. It's worth starting with them.

“Fur coat” is one of the types of decorative coatings. He is quite popular and is based on cement-sand mortar. We mix everything 1 to 3. That is, for 1 part of cement we put about 3 parts of sand. Now we apply everything to the walls using sprays.

There is a special plastering machine that facilitates the process of applying plaster. After all, its work is based on the fact that the resulting pressure begins to eject the solution. In this case, the mixture adheres to the walls and the necessary relief appears on them.

What to do when you don’t have a typewriter and there’s nowhere to get one? Then a simple broom will do. For this they take right hand and begin to lower into the solution. Take the amount you need, but not much. When the broom is brought closer to the surface, it must hit the stick (it was held in the other hand). Also read how to make a dry floor screed with your own hands.

Another technique is also interesting. Using a brush. To do this, you need to take it with long pile. Place some solution on it. Now run the board over it. Show some effort and move it towards you. When the bristles straighten, the solution will reach the surface in the required small amount.

Here's something else that can be used - a metal mesh placed on wooden frame. To do this, the structure is placed against the wall and leveled. Pressed down with bricks. Now, using a trowel, the solution is applied to the surface. Remove the mesh and then eliminate any defects.

Use a brush to smooth the wall.

We use mineral granules

Applying such compositions is quite simple. Among them, one of the most popular was the “bark beetle.” This type of plaster looks looks like wood, which is damaged by insects. Applying the composition is easy and not difficult. To do this, it is necessary to prepare and level the walls in advance using a plaster composition.

Apply a decorative mixture to them. In this case, you will need a grater. The angle of its holding is about 60 towards the wall. You should not make the applied layer thicker than the largest grain in the composition. This is important to adhere to. When you have already applied the mixture, dry the wall. Knauf will tell you about the consumption of putty per 1 m2.

And as soon as you notice that your hands no longer stick to the surface, you can begin decorative plaster. Take a plastic grater and place it completely against the wall. Press a little and move further.

When movement occurs, the grains begin to move and at the same time leave grooves on the walls. This is how it arises beautiful drawing. This process is not over yet. It is important after the final work (drying and processing) to paint the surface using acrylic pigments.

Features of textured plaster

This type of surface is somewhat different from the previous one. How? It is important that the person who does this has a certain skill in his field. After all, the processing technique does not entirely affect the result. Relief in this case looks like painting or sculpture.

Therefore, if you decide to use this option, then practice in advance to understand how best to behave with the given material. It is important to apply the base coats first. Of course, the work is applied to a leveled surface. The base of the first layer is a couple of millimeters thick.

This will ensure adhesion. This is the background for future design. It is worth paying attention to one detail. Since the material is applied to the base in a small layer, it is important to paint it in advance in the color you need. To do this, pigment is introduced into the plaster for application and mixed.

It is necessary to thoroughly dry the base until the tools no longer leave marks when you press them slightly onto the surface. Now you need to use a spatula to apply several strokes to the surface.

Use only a small amount of the mixture, especially if you are just starting out.

The thickness of the application layer should be thin - about 3 mm. And at the end this thickness is half a millimeter. The way you direct your strokes will influence the type of painting you end up with. If it is a “Venetian” finish, then direct them in a chaotic manner. But if it’s “raining”, then make diagonal movements and apply markings first.

As an alternative to spatulas and graters, you can use brushes. Then we apply greasy plaster to the base and begin to level it with a grater. In the end, you need to process everything with a hard brush. Thanks to the marks left by the bristles, you will get an interesting relief on the wall.

You can use another interesting technology. Using polyethylene film. No special tricks are needed here. Polyethylene is glued onto a pre-applied 2 mm layer. It should have a lot of folds. We wait until the material dries.

After a couple of hours, the film is removed and an unusual relief pattern is obtained. However, there is advice. Do not suddenly remove the film, because in this case the coating will be damaged. But don’t overexpose the film. After all, this way its parts will dry to the base, and the plaster will come off along with it. About finishing putty for outdoor, facade works find out at .

The option of using a roller is suitable for those who are not confident in their abilities. Buy a special roller. Thanks to its protrusions and depressions, a pattern is formed. It is imprinted on the plaster that has not yet hardened. So her appearance will be very beautiful. It is also acceptable to use a regular paint roller.

However, to do this you need to pluck the lint out of it. You can also wrap the working part with a cord or other tool to create folds.

Conclusion

To summarize, we can say that decorative plaster can be freely applied to plaster. The disadvantages include the need for additional treatment of the walls, preparing the surface for applying a new layer of plaster, as well as testing the strength of the old layer of plaster.

The advantages include saving time on removing the old layer of plaster financial costs for additional work.

Decorative plaster, like plaster, with proper preparation of the walls and skill in its application, is easy to apply and becomes a beautiful part of your interior. At the same time, it will be very durable and practical, but provided that it is applied in compliance with all the described conditions.

Among all finishing materials decorative finishing occupies one of the leading places, since application is a fairly simple task, after which you can get a spectacular wall surface.

In its structure, this material is a paste-like mass, which has various ways application to walls or ceilings. It found its application as a basis or as self-finishing. But in order to understand the principles of application, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the advantages and methods of installation, and consider the main methods of applying decorative plaster.

Structural plaster: features

This type has a heterogeneous granular composition, which includes additives in the form of granules or fine-grained pebbles, as well as pieces of quartz. This finish is made on a cement-lime base using a special synthetic latex. It is also diluted with water or organic solvents.

For plastering inside the building the most suitable option are mixtures prepared on a water basis. They do not contain foreign impurities with a smell, which means that when finishing the apartment there is no need to remove all residents from it.

The main advantage of structural plaster is its plasticity, which makes it very easy to work with. The work is simplified due to the fact that the solutions are already sold ready-made and no special preparation is required before use. It goes on sale in iron containers or buckets weighing 15-25 kg.

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Laying structural decorative plaster

Before starting to apply the mixture, preparatory measures are carried out. It is fundamentally not important to achieve evenness, since the composition allows you to hide small defects. A cleaned and dried surface is required. After cleaning, the working area is strengthened with a primer. It is necessary to create an intermediate layer that performs protective function and prevents the entry of dampness, thereby protecting the walls and the laid mixture from moisture. The plaster can be applied after the primer layer has completely dried.

The solution must be applied with a trowel or wide spatula. It is laid in one layer, while making circular or straight movements. The ridges protruding from under the spatula form a pattern. The texture of the pattern depends on the installation methods and additives in the mixture. Structural decorative plaster sets and gains strength after 3 hours, and complete hardening occurs in almost a week. After this, the coating must be sanded and the dust must be removed with a damp cloth or sponge. A similar mixture and application method are used for plaster made from mineral, latex or silicate solutions.

This decorative plaster is considered durable and is not subject to mechanical damage and moisture, has an aesthetic appearance and is made from safe components. In this regard, it is in great demand for finishing both inside and outside.

The texture of the pattern will depend on the size of the grains. To give the walls a sandy effect, grains with a fraction of about 0.3 mm are used, and to create raw stone, grains of 1.5 mm are used. The most popular “bark beetle” is achieved with a grain size of 2.0 mm. When using a fraction of 3 mm, the walls take on the appearance of the bark of a centuries-old tree.

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Tinting structural plaster

The initial color of this plaster is white. You can give the coating a variety of shades in several ways:

Add pigment to ready-made composition, but with this method there is a possibility of not achieving the desired color.
When purchasing plaster, you can contact a specialist who will carry out professional tinting.
This type of decorative plaster can be coated with color after the composition has completely dried.

To give the surface different shades, color is applied and rubbed with a rubber sponge, and if there is a desire to create abrasions, then go over with a damp foam sponge. After the color has dried, the walls are treated with wax.

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Textured decorative plaster

Types of decorative plaster: smooth, textured, embossed.

Using a textured finish, you can create a surface with an extraordinary relief texture. If we compare structural and textured plasters, the difference between them is relative, but there is one factor that adds complexity to the design, the components of the composition and the tools used. Carrying out textured plaster, you can give it a look that imitates wood, crumpled paper, hewn or chopped stone, or natural wood. This coating gives the surface originality and style.

The advantage of such plaster is that it suits any interior and design solutions you can choose installation methods. This helps give it a finished and harmonious look. The texture mixture includes lime flour. And the special qualities depend on additives consisting of granite or marble chips, as well as from various fibers. The basis can be polymer compounds that give the surface a more textured texture and do not crack when drying.

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Technological process of application

Unlike other plasters, textured finishing does not require special preparation of the base, since its relief well hides defects on the walls where the material is laid. In this regard, the following preparatory work is being carried out:

Clean the wall surface from paint coatings or other remnants of finishing material. If the surface requires this, it must be treated with a solvent to remove oil stains, after which the treated areas must be washed with soapy water.
Next, the wall structure is covered with a primer.
If necessary, the cracks are expanded and filled with gypsum or cement mortar.
Lay the base layer, which is used as acrylic primer. But it is not applicable for all types of plasters. For certain types of textured composition, other options are sometimes used, for example, putty-primer deep penetration.

Before laying the textured composition, a test is carried out on a small piece of the wall to select the appropriate consistency of the composition. If the composition is prepared according to technology, then it should not be liquid and flow from the surface, but thickness is also not welcome.

To apply the solution and create texture, these will be useful (any application method requires tools):

set of spatulas;
metal iron;
large porous sponge;
unnecessary solution container;
bucket with water.

When performing textured finishing, you need the help of a partner: one applies the solution, the other needs to quickly form the decorative texture.

The mixture should be applied using a spatula in a uniform layer, the thickness of which should be about 2-3 mm, and for a coarse-grained composition it should be equal to the cross-section of the grain.

During repairs, many people act out of habit - they buy traditional Decoration Materials, and in the end are dissatisfied with the result. But no matter how much you change paper wallpaper or painting, it is impossible to get the effect that decorative plaster of walls gives with your own hands. This is a chance not only to transform the interior, but also to realize your wildest dreams using your creative potential. There are many relief options obtained using a mixture for wall decoration, which can be used to paint entire panels with a roller and spatula. Once you become familiar with the basics of the technology and get a little practice on a control surface, it is easy to create unique decor in the hallway or living room.

Such a huge butterfly on the wall will not go unnoticed

Even the simplest strokes of a spatula will end up looking like a work of art.

The harmony of colors in the room will charge you only with positive energy

Decorative plaster requires a special dry mixture, but you can make something unusual from ordinary putty with fillers and pigment. Having mastered how the base is applied and the “bark beetle” texture or other pattern is formed, you can make interesting patterns, in accordance with the design intent. Do-it-yourself putty decor will save money and hide minor coating defects. Whatever the choice, plaster is classified as:

interior;
façade

Both varieties are suitable for effectively decorating apartment walls with plaster. But a facade mixture that is resistant to destruction may have chemical components to which allergy sufferers are sensitive. Therefore, before purchasing, it is important to carefully study the instructions and look at the composition.

Interior (for interior decoration) plaster is produced on different bases:

Silicate.
Mineral.
Acrylic.
Polymer.
Silicate-latex (with silicone).

Each has its own texture options, for example, “fleece” or “bark beetle”. If you want to work with a repeating relief, you need to purchase special attachments for the roller, which squeeze out a special rustic background on the wall. You can “sculpt” artistic panels with gypsum plaster, but it sets quickly, so they work quickly and confidently.

This method of wall finishing is durable; plaster can last for decades

This type of wall decoration will definitely arouse the interest of guests.

Each type is applied and formed in a special way; some surfaces can be additionally painted. The most expensive is Venetian plaster; it is applied in layers, creating decorative walls“marbled” with your own hands. For such work you need a professional who knows the technology, and the surface requires additional treatment with interior wax. But you can prepare the foundation according to all the rules, and then invite a specialist - this is much more economical than hiring a whole team of finishers.

The paste is prepared strictly in accordance with the recipe described on the package. This guarantees optimal consistency, coating thickness and coating drying time. Otherwise, the solution will set too quickly and the desired pattern will not be obtained. You can check the results on a small area.

Wall decor of textured or decorative plaster is applied with a spatula onto the prepared base, leveling with a grater, but without special effort, otherwise you can “pull” it. Different designs can be created from the same composition if you use the right tool or texture. For example, applying crumpled foil to the solution, Maple leaves or faux fur, it's easy to get an eye-catching finish.

Walls in a bright mustard color will only make you smile

Textured plaster with a pattern will complement the interior of the room

A wide variety of types and colors makes it possible to make the room ideal

The multi-stage process of decorating walls with putty with your own hands involves the following steps:

work planning;
purchase of materials and tools;
preparation of room surfaces (cleaning of wallpaper or other unstable coating);
creating a starting framework;
applying plaster;
final decoration or painting.

Using the capabilities of decorative plaster, it is easy to create an exclusive interior design that cannot be repeated by anyone close to you. But it’s better to create something new based on what has been tested in practice for years. Today, ready-made and dry mixtures are available, but it is suggested to use gypsum or putty, which are also suitable for creating an excellent relief.

This finishing method will harmonize perfectly with the furniture.

An excellent solution would be to finish the walls and fireplace with decorative plaster.

Advantages of decorative putty plaster

In several rooms, the easiest way to create decor is with one plaster with your own hands, which will result in a different relief (work different instruments). Then, even with a conventional finishing mixture, different surfaces can be obtained.

For greater variety, pigment or “color” is added to the mixture. It is necessary to maintain proportion so that the shade does not change on different surfaces.

Each type of roller attachment produces its own pattern when applied with light pressure. There are also tools for strict geometric lines, which will be needed to frame an artistic panel, fresco or mosaic, as in the photo.

Magnificent wall decor with durable plaster:

to mechanical destruction;
temperature changes;
fluctuations in humidity.

This coating “breathes”, that is, it absorbs excess humidity and then gradually evaporates it if the wall is not covered with varnish or wax. Excellent sound insulation and fire resistance are additional “bonuses” of decorating walls with do-it-yourself plaster.

Plaster for interior decoration is included in the list of environmentally friendly pure materials, it does not emit harmful fumes. Not only dyes are added to the finished paste, but also structural inclusions to obtain new finishing options:

fabric fibers;
sifted shell rock crumbs;
small pebbles;
coarse river sand.

Lamps on the wall will create new lines

Decorative plaster in the kitchen will be great solution. It is durable and not afraid of high temperatures

Rough finishes will give the room a special atmosphere

Another “plus” is its accessibility. Luxurious decor made from textured putty will look like an expensive renovation after application and painting. If desired, the impression can be enhanced by covering it with varnish, which is available with different reflective properties:

Matte.
Semi-matte.
Glossy (maximum shine).

Decorative plaster has high adhesion (adhesion to the base); once hardened, it is difficult to remove. If there is no desire to level the surface of foam concrete or brickwork, the decorative plaster mixture is applied immediately after the initial primer treatment.

The textured surface will last for many years without losing its aesthetics. If desired, it will be possible to update the panel with painting. There are also non-traditional methods of painting a surface with a relief, for example, with a crinkled cloth on a roller - gaps are created. The plasticity of the mixture and the availability of ready-made attachments for the roller make work a pleasure.

Possibilities modern market almost limitless to offer consumers a lot interesting options wall decor with putty or textured plaster.

Each type of plaster has its own application method.

Venetian plaster will immerse you in a state of tranquility

Recipe for preparing decorative plaster from putty

Note: Mixing some bases can also create new surface finishes, but it may be difficult to get the correct proportions.

On gypsum board joints, a primer of maximum penetration is used or the dry powder is diluted with PVA construction adhesive.

Based construction mixture can you cook different compositions for decoration with putty.

The most common recipe is made from 3 components;

water;
PVA glue;
gypsum base with additives.

It's kneaded construction mixer in a container of suitable volume. After dissolving the dry powder in water, add glue until a plastic paste with the consistency of sour cream is obtained. You need to work immediately after preparing the mixture so that it does not harden in the bucket. Having stretched the plaster over the wall with a wide spatula, work with a roller with template attachments, as in the photo.

A spectacular texture requires a more expensive base, which is prepared using imported finishing mixtures from Knauf and other companies. They are applied on top of a dried primer on a flat surface, working with a small layer of decorative plaster on the walls of the interior.

Drawings on the wall will perfectly complement the decor

There are completely different types of plaster

Combination with flexible stone will be an excellent solution for diversifying the interior

The mixture should include:

water;
3 parts sifted river sand;
3 parts of finely dispersed dry gypsum putty with elastic additives;
1 part polymer putty.

First, mix all the dry ingredients, then dilute them in containers with a construction mixer.

Decoration with putty on walls is also done according to a different principle - a mixture with which you can create a textured coating:

water;
dry mixture "Satengips";
acrylic-based deep penetration primer.

First, the primer is diluted with water in a ratio of 2:1, then the dry component is introduced, all this is kneaded with a construction mixer until a creamy paste is obtained. They work with it on the prepared starting surface, creating “liquid” patterns. They set quickly, leaving a spectacular texture that can be additionally painted with a fluffy roller or spray from a spray gun.

The relief pattern on the wall will catch the eye of all guests

The assortment is huge. There's something for everyone

Possibilities of decorative plaster

Obviously, there are a lot of coating options. Experts recommend reviewing catalogs, where it is easier to choose the wall surface you like using samples. But it is important to evaluate your capabilities - to obtain complex relief, you need some experience in working with a spatula, trowel and roller.

It’s good when you have practice as a plasterer, then the way to do this or that decorative covering much easier to master. For "bark beetle", for example, you need hard granules and working with a spatula in certain directions - downwards, chaotically or to the sides. This will give different variants relief. The liquid paste is modeled with a roller with different attachments.

If you have little experience, the easiest way to work is with stencil rollers, which themselves extrude a certain design when working on it. But you also need to work with them carefully, performing movements in a certain direction so as not to disrupt the periodicity of the resulting ornament.

Rough surface will look unusual

A variety of applications will add zest to the interior

Complex drawings with grape leaves will give inspiration

You can “sculpt” masterpieces with anything, even with your fingers, sculpting grape vines or fantastic flowers made of plaster.

By rotating a trowel or other flat tool, you can create spectacular circles on the surface of the wall.

Small circles can easily be added with a few strokes to form roses or other images.

Some craftsmen create their panels using “knots” of textured fabric. Having tried what “imprints” are left by various rough materials, you can “draw” entire volumetric bas-reliefs on one base.

Experts also use:

spatulas of different sizes;
flat elastic bands with figured slots (draw a tree trunk);
construction trowels (smooth and rough trowels);
plungers (draw circles);
sandpaper;
faux fur attachments;
natural and synthetic sponges;
wide and rough brushes, brooms and hard brushes.

A complex relief pattern on the wall will be the center of attention in the room

Wall decoration will look great in any room

Before plastering the wall, you need to remove all things from the room and cover the floors, if they are after renovation. This is necessary so that dry suspension and lumps of paste do not settle on all objects. Remains of wallpaper and old crumbling putty are removed from the walls.

After filling the cracks and preliminary preparation You can work with decorative plaster. After the process is completed, the vertical and horizontal are checked to eliminate defects that are most noticeable in side lighting.

You can also master the wash and dry brush method, or use paint, wax or varnish. If you want to master such technologies, watch the video master class.