There are no clear deadlines, because the weather each time presents special surprises. If there is a film over the shelters, then it is removed at the beginning of March, even if there is a small subzero temperature afternoon. It happens that it is not possible to completely dig out the film from all sides, then I lift it at least from one side.
In general, roses are much stronger than they seem. So, they are able to withstand a week under a film cover at a temperature of +7 +10 degrees.
In the spring, it is important not only to open the roses in time, but also to check whether the shelters are securely pressed. In early spring there are very strong winds, and it is not uncommon for material to be blown from shelters, and plants that have overwintered perfectly burn out in the sun.
If the plants are covered with several layers of non-woven fabric without a film, they may well be open without before the middle April.
Roses open in stages. When the temperature during the day is set at 10 degrees Celsius, remove the first layer of non-woven fabric. If it is possible to be near the rose garden every day, then the ends of the openings are slightly opened during the day.
After winter, it is important not only to prevent roses from overheating, but also to ventilate the stagnant winter air. If the rose garden is not aired for a long time, the plants may begin to grow moldy.
If it is possible to come to the dacha on the weekend, then at a daytime temperature of +5 +7 degrees, you need to open the ends of the shelters for blowing for the whole day, lower the non-woven fabric at night, close the shelters before leaving for the city.
Climbing roses also open from the ends.
In my rose garden on the 20th of April, I lift the non-woven material from the sides and fix it on the roof so that the shelter can be lowered at any time.
The shelter is finally removed in mid-May in cloudy weather. Frosts down to -2 degrees are not terrible for rose foliage.
When to open roses after wintering: resuscitation
It happens that after winter, rose bushes are black and look completely lifeless. Often this happens with separately sitting roses, outside the general shelters.
Such bushes are cut at ground level above the graft. Prepare a solution of sodium humate and water the ground around the plant and the remaining "stumps". Top put half a 5 liter plastic bottle or half a bottle from a cooler to create a greenhouse. By mid-summer, new shoots should appear. If they go below the graft, these are rosehip shoots and the rose is thrown away, if above the graft, then these are rose shoots. They are pinched upon reaching 20 cm, in the first year they are not allowed to bloom in order to recover root system.
After the non-woven material is removed and the frame of the shelters is dismantled, the plants are inspected. The first step is to prune the roses. Cut off branches that have not overwintered, they are black or Brown color. Get rid of small branches and branches growing inside the bush. Branches with cracked or wrinkled bark are cut out. After trimming each bush, the secateurs are wiped with vodka or cologne. Pruning is carried out in dry weather. If, for example, roses were opened in the rain, pruning is postponed the next day.
If traces of mold are visible on some bushes, do not be afraid, after a few sunny days it will disappear.
With sharp pitchforks, they pierce the earth in the rose garden between the bushes to saturate the soil with oxygen.
The rose is a child of manure, so the first dressing should be appropriate. Lay out around the bushes horse dung. If it is fresh, sprinkle with ashes on top.
A few days after mulching the rose garden with manure, foliar top dressing is also carried out with infusion of grass. Dilute one part of green fertilizer in three parts of water so that the sprayer does not clog, pre-filter through gauze. Such top dressing is especially important for standard roses.
Some sources advise spraying with a 3% Bordeaux liquid or a 3% solution of ferrous sulfate in order to prevent diseases. Such spraying is carried out before bud break, the solution is prepared according to the instructions. In my rosary, I do not carry out such treatments. I use only spraying from black spot in June.
24.11.2017
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When to open roses after winter and how to do it right
When to open roses after winter, every grower should know - only in this case you can count on abundant and lush flowering of the bushes, however, it is important to know how to properly open the roses in the spring, at what temperature it is optimal to do this, the differences in the procedure are different regions- in Siberia and the Urals, in the Moscow region, in the Leningrad region ...
When to open roses after winter - the enemies of the flower in spring
Not knowing when to open roses after winter often leads to the death of even properly prepared plants for wintering. Those who have been breeding these plants for a long time know for sure that aging and return spring frosts for roses are much more dangerous than winter cold, therefore, refer to the procedure for smoothly introducing the queen of flowers into new season flowering is necessary with special diligence. 
If you open roses after winter, when the soil has not yet warmed up deeply enough, and the weather still surprises in the form of snow and night frosts, with a probability of 99.9% they will freeze and will not be able to please the impatient owner lush bloom. This happens because the buds of the plant wake up a little earlier than the roots - having started to grow, they will die at the first drop in temperature to -7 ° С ... -10 ° С.
No less detrimental to rose bushes is the long wait for sustained heat - the roots are still sleeping, and above-ground part the flower actively evaporates moisture, and water droplets, being in a confined space, cause excessive dampness of the rose shoots. Due to the lack of air and ultraviolet under the shelter, pathogenic fungi, including molds, begin to actively multiply.
Experienced flower growers advise starting the awakening of the queen of the flower garden when the snow begins to actively melt even in the shade, but it is advisable to do this in stages, with an eye on the local climate - it is important to remember that there is no single date when to open roses after winter.
How to open roses correctly so as not to destroy
It is recommended to start preparing roses for shelter removal in early March, when the sun is just starting to warm up - at this time there is a possibility of shelters being exposed. The box, as well as multi-layered blankets made of nonwovens, spruce branches and sawdust, begin to show the world their frost-bitten sides, and in order to prevent the air from warming up inside the flower winter quarters, you need to:
- Throw more snow on the shelters from above - if the snow slides too actively, you will have to pour a thick layer of sawdust on top or install shading screens made of plywood or cardboard;
- Trample snow around shelters - the denser it is, the longer it will melt. In this way, one more misfortune can be avoided - the invasion of mice on the rose garden;
- Take care of the removal of melt water from the area where roses grow - for this, the gaps between the bushes can be sprinkled with ash so that the snow melts there earlier, then make deep grooves into which the melt water will drain.
airing roses after winter - in the photo
The listed activities should be supported at least until the end of March, when most gardeners with experience advise opening roses after winter - during this period, the remaining snow must be completely removed even from sheltered rose bushes. If the weather is clear during the day, and the temperature rises above 0 ° C, you can carefully start airing the winter home of the rose - for this, the shelter is printed from the ends and left for a couple of hours, then the ends are closed, leaving small holes through which the overwintered bushes will be ventilated.
Undersized standard roses, climbing and ground cover varieties, highly heaped with soil, peat and spruce branches, also need airing - in the warmest time of the day you need to open them and carefully loosen the soil that has compacted during the winter, then the shelter should be returned to its place. At the ends you need to leave small vents, through which moisture will evaporate.
Adaptation of overwintered rose bushes
Immediately after winter dormancy, rose bushes have insufficiently well-established gas exchange and fluid exchange with environment, so the bushes need competent adaptation - without it, there is a possibility of drying out of individual shoots or death of the buds. Roses can be damaged by direct sunlight and wind - they dry out the ground part of the plant, and initially healthy shoots can dry out later.
To Fresh air and the life-giving light did not turn into a catastrophe for the rosary, you need:
- Remove the shelter gradually over a period of at least 3 days, each time opening it more than yesterday;
- shade flower planting spruce branches - it will be enough to put the conifers right on top of the bushes, or stick them on the south side;
- Move the soil from the stems with which they are piled up so that the bush does not start to rot.
Particular attention should be paid to sanitary pruning - at this stage, you need to remove all rotten and dry stems. Leaving them in the hope that they will recover does not make sense - they represent a gateway for infections of roses and other garden perennials.
Protecting roses from diseases, pests and negative environmental conditions
To finally protect rose bushes from possible diseases, it is recommended to process them a maximum of a week after optimal timing when to open roses after winter - this will avoid the spread of fungal and other infections. Use recommend 1% solution blue vitriol or bright pink potassium permanganate.
Please note that you need to process the entire bush, including the grafting site, and if particles of soil remain on the stems, they must be removed with a cloth or an elastic brush, and then the bushes should be sprayed.
A day after treatment, it is recommended to inspect the bush for mold, freezers and infectious burns. The easiest way to get rid of mold is to destroy it by stripping and spraying the bush with a copper-soap solution.
Frostbites and infectious burns require radical measures- if they are located at the base of the bush, the shoot will have to be cut out completely, but if they are located closer at the top of the shoot and are small, you can try to cure it. To do this, the damaged tissues are cut off with a sterile knife (with a scalpel, if the stem diameter is small), the surface of the wood is treated with garlic or plantain gruel, and an insulating bandage consisting of a film and electrical tape is applied on top.
Now that the roses have finally woken up and put in order, you can start awakening the suction roots - the bushes are watered warm water without fertilizers and dressings. After a few days, the procedure is repeated, but a half dose of nitrogen fertilizers is added to the water.
The question of when to open roses in spring is very important for plants. This is a crucial period that determines their future state. Roses bloom until the first frost, the shelter protects the bushes from the cold and creates the conditions for an early entry into growth in the spring. Depends on the timely removal of protection abundant flowering, flower development.
When should roses be opened after winter?
It is important to clearly define the timing when you can open roses after winter shelter. With a belated process, the flowers swell from excess moisture from melting snow. With early - they are able to die from recurrent frosts. You can open roses after the snow has gone and the risk of severe cold has passed. Winter hibernation of roses ends with spring warming. Their buds swell, but the roots that are in the frozen ground are not yet included in the work. Therefore, in mid-March, snow is thrown on the bushes, in April - it is removed. For each type of roses there are nuances in spring care.
At what temperature should roses be opened after winter?
A sign for the removal of shelter is the thawing of the soil. IN middle lane country occurs this after 10-15 April. It is important to know at what temperature to open roses:
- Removing protection in the presence of snow is generally prohibited.
- When opening, the temperature readings at night should not show less than -2 ° C.
- During the day, the thermometer should be kept within + 10-15 ° С.
When the soil under the roses in the shelter thaws to a depth of 20-30 cm, the protection can be sequentially removed. Do this in the evening to avoid sunburn of young shoots and drying them out by the wind. At the initial stage, the ends of the shelter are slightly opened, the next day - the northern and eastern sides. On the third day, the structure is completely eliminated and the roses are shaded with paper or spruce branches.
When to open a climbing rose after winter?
Not all not experienced growers know when it is possible to open after winter and how to do it correctly. Often, such low-growing and ground-covering varieties in autumn are highly covered with soil or sand, covered with spruce branches, foliage, sawdust, covered from above frame material. When to open in spring climbing roses:
- At the end of March - mid-April, the covering material is lifted and the upper tier, compacted and packed over the winter, is loosened.
- Then the bushes are closed again, leaving a gap at the edges for the passage of air so that they “breathe” and moisture evaporates.
- After 5-7 days, a frame shelter opens on the east or north side.
- After another 2 days, you can open all the roses and rake leaves, sawdust, mulch from the ground.
- Climbing roses are raised on supports when constant warmth sets in. This cannot be done right away - if a sharp cold snap comes, then the bush can be immediately covered with covering material of the type or spunbond.
When to open a standard rose after winter?
decorative have high growth and an extensive crown. For the winter they are bent down, dug in, covered with arcs covered with cardboard, roofing material. In spring, standard roses require special attention. They are raised only after thawing and warming up of the soil, when the roots begin to work. When asked when to open standard roses, experienced flower growers give advice to do this from the end of April. The process takes place in several stages:
- In the first half of March, snow is removed from the shelters and diversion grooves are made.
- In mid-April, it is worth opening the ends of the arch for ventilation.
- After a day, you can open two sides of the shelter.
- On the third day, all the material is removed, leaving spruce branches or straw to protect the branches from sunburn. These roses suffer greatly from drying out, therefore, in the first sunny days, their crown must be protected.
- Shading is removed in mid-May, when the heat is finally established. After that, the branches can be lifted from the ground and mounted on supports.
When to open cuttings of roses under banks?
Often, for the propagation of roses for the winter, cuttings are added in the garden and covered with jars - this is how a micro-greenhouse is created. Care consists in timely watering, sprouts on the plant appear in about a month. For the winter, the vessel must additionally be covered with fallen leaves, grass, tops from the garden. When asked when it is possible to open roses from under a jar on next year, experienced flower growers advise doing this later - at the end of May, when stable heat comes, you can not open them until the summer.
Opened roses in the spring - what to do next?
After opening the bushes, you need to carry out proper care for roses in the open field:
- Cut off dry, broken and frostbite stems, the dark tips are cut to the green part - this is a cosmetic pruning. Healthy shoots are treated with 1% copper sulfate, the plant is shaded until mid-May.
- After a few weeks, the crown is molded according to the rules of each variety.
- A few days later, they are fed with mullein infusion 1:10. The fertilizer is kept in a container for 2 weeks and the bushes are watered, diluted with water 1: 2. In the absence of organics, you can apply a complex mineral composition- Scatter on the surface of the earth.
- The bushes are shed under the root with heated water to put the roots into work - 10-15 liters per plant.
- When young shoots appear, they are re-treated with a 1% solution of copper sulphate. When aphids appear, Actellik or another insecticide is used.
- Roses spud, long branches are fixed on supports.
Survive the winter successfully helps roses in the garden shelter, which is usually arranged in the middle of autumn. And in the spring comes the time when to take it off. open roses should be very careful, in several steps, since not only frosts are terrible for this gentle creatures but also the bright spring sun.
Spring is the time of discovery
In printed sources and calendars horticultural work they write that roses are in spring start to open already in March. In the first spring month, shelters are recommended to be removed gradually, mainly in warm but cloudy weather (or in the evening). In April, shelters are completely removed not only from roses, but also from heat-loving shrubs and vines.
In practice (we will learn this from the videos on youtube), it turns out that it is better to remove shelters from roses in April, and in the middle or at the end of the month. In the first decade of April, the ground is still quite frozen. Amateur gardeners determine the time when it is time to open roses, as follows:
- The temperature stays stable.
- If you stick a shovel into the ground, and it goes in there like butter, it's time.
Gardeners advise not to rush to completely remove shelters after winter: let roses are better a little more doze than burn in the sun.
In 2018…
Let's look into Moon calendar? "The astrological calendar of the summer resident for 2018" advises:
- Ventilate shelters of roses and grapes on March 13-14.
- Remove shelters from roses and heat-loving plants on March 18 - 19, 22 - 23 (in warm weather) and April 7 - 8, 14 - 15, 25 - 26 April.
Opening roses in several stages
It is necessary to accustom roses to warm spring air and the sun gradually. It is best to do this on cloudy, windless days or in the evening to protect against sunburn.
- In the first half of March snow is removed from winter shelters and diversion grooves are made. It is important that the melt water does not stagnate in the rose garden.
- At the end of March - April to open roses that have woken up after winter, you need to start from the ends - to ventilate the rose garden.
- A day later, you can open the northern or east side shelters.
- Then the shelter is completely removed, leaving some spruce branches on the bushes (it is needed to shade roses from sun rays, which in the spring are able to fry very strongly).
Attention! Flower growers often complain: they opened roses in the spring, and the bush was healthy. But the next morning it turned black. This is about sunburn. Do not rush to remove winter shelters entirely. Cover the bushes with spruce branches to create a light shade (the spandbond is no longer needed).
After the complete removal of shelters
Having removed the winter shelter completely, gardeners carefully examine the plants. Dry leaves, all plant debris should be removed from the soil so that the roots "breathe". It is very important to carry out cosmetic and sanitary pruning- part of the shoots can be damaged by frost.
Dead branches are cut out completely. Damaged shoots are cut to a healthy part so that at least 1 cm remains above the bud. Slices are smeared with garden pitch.
After the final thawing of the soil, the bushes are unraveled, and climbing and standard roses are lifted and fixed on supports.
It is possible to grow higher plants: herbs, cereals, shrubs and even trees.
Plant growth conditions in the permafrost area are very severe - low temperatures, reduced soil formation rate, small (15 - 25 cm) thickness of the fertile horizon, soil poverty nutrients. The species composition of plants adapted to life on permafrost is limited. Their root system is weakened, the trees are small in size, with a stunted crown.
A completely different ecological role is played by the layer of seasonal thawing in the arid inland regions of Asia, where evaporation exceeds precipitation, for example, in central Yakutia.
Here, the seasonal thawing layer becomes a kind of soil moisture collector due to condensation in its lower layers, in close proximity to the permafrost, where the temperature in the summer months is not as high as on the surface. Were it not for this, lifeless deserts would stretch over the vast expanses of central Yakutia and the south of central Siberia.
By the nature of the distribution of permafrost, it is clear that deep freezing of the earth's interior is possible under conditions of a harsh cold climate, long winters, negative air, small, poorly protecting the soil from cooling.
Permafrost occurs in conditions of deficiency and heat brought by air masses. The northern part of the Eurasian continent meets these conditions to the greatest extent, and it is here that the most extensive area of permafrost is located.
Permafrost reaches its maximum development in areas with a cold and dry climate, with little snow, which limits development opportunities. From this point of view, Asia, in most of which the continental climate dominates, is also very favorable for deep freezing of the earth's interior. It is no coincidence that it was in the north of Asia that record depths of penetration were recorded. negative temperatures- 1450 m.