For the European population, the tulip is considered a symbol of the coming spring and bright love. the birthplace of this wonderful flower is Persia. His life cycle can last for years. The main thing is to plant it correctly and take good care of the flower. Then the tulip will delight the soul and eye every subsequent spring.

Variation of varieties

To date, there are a huge variety of types of tulip, but there are certain groups that need to be given Special attention.

Of the most early varieties you can select "IbisMon Trezor", as well as "Cooler Cardinal". This group of tulips Eastern Europe it is not always easy to find, but the time spent searching will justify itself next spring.

Also early-growing flowers are "Murillo", "Extra", "Double" and the well-known yellow "Monte Carlo". Planting tulips of this group must necessarily take place in late autumn.

Toward mid-May, Triumph is born. This variety always pleases with its large elongated buds. It is notable for the light border around the edges of the petals.

Brider's tulips bloom in early June exactly, like Darwin's. In this group, the most interesting varieties: "Dillenburg", "Aristocrat", "Orange", "Demeter" and "Grandma's sundress".

Of the later groups, terry, lily-colored, green-flowered and fringed tulips can be distinguished. Also, parrot inflorescences can be attributed to such varieties. They are in special demand among buyers due to the intricately indented edges of the petals ("Fantasy", "Rococo", "Parrot" and others).

Soil for planting

Tulips do best in soil rich in humus. For flowering, they need neutral reactions, so the soil must be loose and moist. Planting tulips in the ground requires a lot of effort. If the land meets all the requirements, that is, it is sandy and rich in fertilizers, then the acclimatization of flowers will be less painful.

Another thing is when the soil is clayey and heavy. Then you need to thoroughly loosen the soil and fertilize it. organic top dressing. This will help saturate the earth with oxygen, which is so important for the comfortable ripening of tulips. It should be noted that peat as an organic fertilizer is suitable only in a form purified from acidity.

planting tulips

The basis for the success of growing flowers are uninfected and pure-bred bulbs. Planting tulips is carried out in a place protected from strong winds and direct sun rays. The site must be clear of weeds and not have deep trenches in which water could stagnate.

As mentioned above, for good harvest planting tulip bulbs must be carried out in loose sandy loamy soil. Wet and clay soil is unsuitable for growing these flowers. If only acidic soil is available, then it should be limed several times.

For fertilizers, lime or nitrophoska is well suited, but in no case fresh manure. If the soil is clayey, then a mixture of river sand and peat. For 1 sq. meter you need 2 buckets of the mixture in a ratio of 1:1. You can also add a glass of lime and a few tablespoons of nitrophoska to it.

Planting tulips should be carried out at an air temperature of up to 10 degrees. This will subsequently ensure accelerated ripening of the bulbs and high frost tolerance. Already a week and a half after proper fit they will have roots. If the flowers are planted earlier, then it is likely that the stems of tulips will come out of the ground in early April and frosts may catch. In the case of late planting, the bulbs will take root poorly, therefore, they may freeze in winter.

The depth of the planting hole directly depends on the size planting material. Large bulbs must be planted to a depth of 15 cm, medium - 10 cm, and small - up to 7 cm. If the soil is dry, it should be well watered the day before planting. Many gardeners also recommend moistening the bulbs themselves.

Planting tulips requires a lot of effort, as each hole must first be dug and then fertilized. The beds are very important for growing flowers, because in this case the water will be evenly absorbed into the soil. It is important that each hole with the bulb is covered with loosened earth and sand.

Autumn is perfect time years for planting. It is during this period that the bulbs begin to germinate. The timing of planting tulips at this time of the year is not limited. Someone prefers early autumn, and someone late, but there is practically no difference in the subsequent harvest. Experienced gardeners they assure that it is most convenient to plant the bulbs at the same time when they are planted and winter garlic, in other words, shortly before the first frost.

Planting tulips in autumn has several important nuances. If this procedure is done too early, then the weeds can suppress the development of the roots and the sprout itself. If the bulbs are planted late, they will not have time to take root, therefore, they will either die with the first frosts or give a poor inflorescence in the spring.

In theory, planting tulips in autumn can be carried out even in frozen ground, but in this case three problems appear at once. Firstly, in such a land it is difficult to make many deep holes. Secondly, you will need to take care of warming the seedlings with straw. And thirdly, the probability of normal maturation of sprouts is minimal.

You can plant tulips in early spring. Many experts say that in this case, the first inflorescences will appear by mid-autumn. However, here you have to play with the bulbs. The fact is that tulip sprouts do not like extreme heat. Consequently, for the summer they will need to be transferred to the basement or refrigerator, and only by the end of September they will be planted back into the soil.

sprout care

As soon as shoots begin to appear, diseased and weakened plants should be removed. They are identified by the light color of the leaves. Throughout the entire ripening period, tulips need careful care, which includes not only watering and fertilizing, but also the removal of infected sprouts.

It is not recommended to cut the buds at early maturity, as this will significantly reduce the assimilating ability of the bulb. Therefore, it is so important that the plant remains intact until at least a couple of leaves appear on the stem. The only exceptions are Darwin hybrids, the buds of which are specially cut off even before they are stained.

From the end of April, you need to regularly moisten the soil and spray the sprouts to prevent the appearance of aphids and fungi.

Top dressing tulips

handle organic fertilizers soil follows a year before planting the bulbs. The amount of top dressing depends on the soil. If it was originally fertile, then you can not fertilize it. Otherwise, top dressing is applied to a depth twice the height of the future hole (up to 40 cm).

A month before planting flowers, the soil must be dug up again. Some gardeners advise after that to fertilize the earth again, but with potash additives. The proportion of such top dressing is 40 grams of the mixture per 1 sq. meter.

Growing tulips in Siberia

As you know, it is best to plant bulbs at a temperature slightly above 0 degrees. However, there are exceptions. IN Siberian conditions when the earth freezes up to a meter deep, it is extremely difficult to grow such fragile flowers.

It is no secret that the bulbs are able to withstand extreme cold, but only if the roots are well strengthened before that. Therefore, planting tulips in Siberia should be carried out only in the last week of September. The depth of the hole is 25 cm. After planting, sprinkle the holes with manure and moisten.

To protect seedlings from severe frosts, it is necessary to move all the snow that has fallen so far to the landing site before the onset of winter. It is allowed to cover the flower bed with hay, but in no case with polyethylene.

Disease control

An important step in growing tulips is the timely detection of infected sprouts. Such plants become covered with spots, and their leaves turn noticeably pale.

If such a flower is found, it should be immediately removed from the flower bed, taking with you small plot land around him. When cutting a bud, it is important that the infected juice does not get on the rest of the sprouts.

1. Any soil is suitable for planting bulbs, except acidic with high humidity.
2. In order to avoid the transfer of infections through the ground, it is necessary to exclude the re-planting of flowers on an infected site earlier than two years later. Fungi live in the soil for up to 8 years.
3. To achieve a good harvest with the onset of frost, the bulbs should be covered with straw, dry leaves and fertilized with purified peat.
4. Planting time for tulips varies from early to late autumn. In rare cases, spring comes.
5. The beds should not be too deep so that water does not stagnate in them.

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When to plant tulip bulbs in autumn optimal timing for all regions

Many gardeners do not know when to plant tulip bulbs in the fall and what the air and soil temperature should be in order for the plants to take root, but not let the arrow go and at the same time overwinter well, so you need to know all the features and subtleties. And do not forget that the time of work is different both in the Urals and in Siberia, and in the Moscow region, Leningrad region, middle lane, Ukraine, Belarus ...

Planting tulips in autumn - timing

Tulips are free-spirited flowers that do not grow well in one place for more than two seasons in a row, they are the only bulbs that require an annual transplant to a new place. Best time when to plant tulip bulbs - in the fall, with the onset of a steady drop in temperature, but without frost. Before the onset of winter, the bulbs take root, gaining strength for lush flowering.

The timing of when to plant tulips in the fall varies by region and climate. The main requirement that gardeners should comply with is temperature regime soil. The optimal temperature for germination is +8°+…10°С. If you plant tulips in soil with a higher temperature, they will not only take root, but also release a flower arrow that will die after the soil freezes. Such flowers usually do not wake up in the spring. If tulips are planted in autumn at a lower soil temperature, the bulbs will not have time to take root and will also die.

The optimal time for planting tulips in the fall in the Moscow region comes after September 20. At this time, the air cools down to +3°C at night, and the ground at a depth of 10 cm - to +8°+…10°C, which can remain at this level until October 15 under stable weather conditions. If you don’t know when to plant tulips in the fall in the middle lane, then experienced gardeners and gardeners recommend working around the same time.

A little earlier, the time comes when to plant tulips in the fall, in the Urals and Siberia, winter comes here early and suddenly, and the soil temperature drops to + 8 ° + ... 10 ° С in the last decade of August. The soil in Siberia and the Northern Urals becomes too cold for germination by mid-September. A little later, the time when planting tulips in autumn comes in the southern part of the Urals - the climate here is milder than Siberian, and the soil cools down to desired temperatures in the second decade of September.

in the photo - planting tulip bulbs in December in the Leningrad region

The time when to plant tulips in autumn in the Kuban and in neighboring regions comes closer to mid-November - summer lingers here for a long time, so the risk that a tulip will sprout 1.5-2 months after planting is too high and gardeners should carefully monitor the weather forecast to prevent this from happening.

The dates for planting tulips in Belarus and Ukraine are in the second and third decade of October, if the weather was relatively warm before. You can determine the appropriate period by the air temperature - at night it should be at the level of + 3 ° + ... 5 ° С.

Important! These dates can and should be adjusted depending on weather conditions. Winter can either linger or come too soon. Carefully follow the weather forecast and thermometer to choose optimal time when to plant tulips in the fall.

Tulip bulb planting technology

Shortly before the period when to plant tulips in open ground in the fall, it is necessary to dig up the beds and fertilize them:

• organics - humus or compost (5-6 kg per m²) with the addition of ash (2 cups per m²)
• - superphosphate (20 g/m²), potassium salt (15 g/m²)

If the soil is dense, does not pass air and water well, then such soil should be diluted with coarse sand, adding 1-2 kg per m² of beds.

The place where tulips will be planted in autumn before winter must be dug to a depth of 30 cm. Fertilizers and loosening additives should be evenly distributed in the soil, then you can start creating holes or furrows, their depth depends on the diameter of the bulbs:

• small ones are recommended to be planted at a depth of 15 cm
• medium - to a depth of 15-20 cm
• large tulip bulbs are planted to a depth of 20-25 cm

The structure of the soil can also affect the depth of planting - on light sandy soil that freezes deeper than black soil and ordinary garden soil, tulips should be planted at a greater depth, but if loam prevails on the site, it is better to reduce the planting depth.

On one square meter 50-60 large bulbs should be placed. If they are medium and small, you can plant them more often. You should not worry about whether there will be enough nutrients for all tulips - if the soil is properly filled for planting, they will bloom well and form babies.

At the bottom of the landing holes, you need to add a little sand to prevent the bottom from rotting. If rodents look into the site, the sides and walls are covered with spruce branches, leaves of holly or thin holly. metal mesh. You can also use special baskets for planting bulbs. The bulbs are covered with soil from the garden, the surface is slightly compacted. Watering after planting is required if the soil is dry. If it rained on the eve of planting tulips, the bulbs do not need additional moisture.

Tulip care in autumn and winter

If you know when to plant tulip bulbs in the fall, then do not forget that the weather is dry and warm, requiring generous watering of plant beds. Before the onset of stable frosts, it is necessary to loosen the soil surface so that it does not compact.

When the ground freezes to a depth of 10 cm, it is recommended to insulate the surface of the bed with tulips with leaves and spruce branches. If a frosty winter is expected, an additional layer of lutrasil and sawdust will be required. The insulated "blanket" for tulips should reach a thickness of 15-20 cm, and in winter snow should be added to it periodically. If the planting of tulips in autumn was carried out in southern regions, you can get by with a small layer of leaves and sawdust.

Experienced gardeners do not recommend using film to cover tulips. Under them, fungi and mold can multiply, which, with the advent of spring, will move to the shoots of flowers. With loose shelters, this can also happen. You can prevent infection of tulips if you remove the shelter immediately after the snow melts. To hasten tulips with flowering in spring, after thawing the soil, you can feed them mineral fertilizers(10 g of superphosphate, 8 g of potassium salt, 10 g of urea are taken per 1 m² of beds). If the soil has not been refilled since autumn, the amount of fertilizer can be doubled.

Following the recommendations and deadlines for planting tulips in the fall will help you get bright inflorescences and bulbs ready for subsequent transplantation with many children. Plant these colorful goblets and enjoy their enchanting sight!

Autumn is the time when it's time to think about spring. Came in the fall - so it's time to plant tulips.

Time to plant tulips. The best time for planting tulips is when the soil temperature drops to + 7-10 ° C. This usually happens in late September - early October. If necessary, a later planting in the month of November is also possible, but with subsequent good shelter with spruce branches or foliage.

It must be remembered that with early planting, the bulbs take root slowly., heat favors the development of diseases such as fusarium. And for bulbs planted too late, the roots do not always have time to develop before the onset of frost.

Places and soil for planting tulip bulbs. For planting tulips choose sunny, wind-protected areas. Tulips grow well in any cultivated garden soil, but for successful cultivation of these flowers, the best is permeable, loose, humus-containing loamy or sandy loamy soil. Heavy clay soils can be improved by adding organic matter, such as peat, compost.

The main requirement for planting tulips is good drainage! In low damp areas with high content ground water even a short-term accumulation of water during the winter months can cause the bulbs to get wet, easily susceptible to disease, and freeze. In waterlogged areas, it is recommended to break high ridges.

Tulips prefer neutral or slightly alkaline soils. with a pH of 7.0-7.5. acidic soils not suitable for planting tulips and require liming. Before planting, carefully dig the soil to a depth of 25-30 cm. It is better to do this a month before planting, so that the soil has time to settle.

To remove perennial weeds before digging, the site can be treated with the Roundup tool. The tulip begins to devour nutrients from the soil from about the beginning of March, by which time all nutrients should be available to the plant, i.e. already in the root zone. Organic fertilizers are applied under the predecessor, a year before planting tulips.

The introduction of fresh manure for planting tulips is unacceptable!

Fertilization when planting tulips. Tulips react very actively to the introduction of mineral nutrients. It is better to use a special complex fertilizer for bulbs that has appeared on sale, in which all the necessary nutrients and trace elements are present.

If you cannot purchase it, then it is necessary to bring in for digging the soil the following fertilizers: well-rotted humus (up to 5 kg / sq.m), superphosphate (50-100 g / sq.m), nitroammophoska (40-60 g / sq.m), granular bird droppings(200 g/sq.m.), ash (200 g/sq.m.), bone meal (200 g/sq.m.).

Before boarding bulbs should be carefully inspected, removing all diseased and rotten ones during storage. Before planting, pickle the bulbs with a 0.5% solution of potassium permanganate, treatment time - from 30 minutes to 2 hours.

Landing is carried out immediately after dressing, since the bulbs quickly absorb moisture, the swelling of the root roller is accelerated, and if the planting is late, the resulting roots easily break off. Furrows are prepared with a depth of 10-15 cm at a distance of 25-30 cm from each other, the distance between the bulbs is 9-10 cm.

planting depth for extra-class tulip bulbs - 15-18 cm. Tulip bulbs II and III of the analysis are planted at a depth of 12 cm, the baby is even smaller. On light soils, the bulbs are planted deeper, on heavy soils - smaller.

If the soil is dry, the furrows are well shed with water (possible with KMpO4). At the bottom of the furrow (if no fertilizer was applied for digging), special fertilizer for bulbs is poured, covering it with a layer of sand of 2-3 cm. Next, lay the tulip bulbs bottom down at a distance of 8-10 cm.

Do not press the bulbs into the soil too hard., as swollen roots can be damaged.

The bulbs are dusted with ash and sprinkled with sand on all sides. Next, the laid out bulbs are covered with soil. If you want to plant tulips not on the ridges, but lay out some pattern with them, then they are removed from the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe plot upper layer earth.

The bulbs are placed in certain order (according to the figure) on a leveled surface, after that they are covered with previously removed earth.

Tulips are returned to their original place no earlier than after 4 years. With the onset of stable frosts, plantings can be mulched with peat with a layer of 3-5 cm, which will prevent soil cracking in winter period, will provide an even temperature at the depth of the bulbs and thereby prevent damage to the root system, in addition, it will keep the soil loose and reduce weed clogging. Peat is not removed in spring.

All author's articles of famous experts about tulips on our website

Tulip (lat. Tulipa)- genus bulbous perennials family Liliaceae, one of the most popular spring garden plants grown both in private gardens and on an industrial scale. The homeland of tulips is Central Asia, and the plant got its name from the Persian word "turban", the shape of which resembles a flower.

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Planting and caring for tulips (in brief)

• Landing: late September or early October. At least in April.
• Digging: when two-thirds of the leaves turn yellow.
• Storage: until September in open boxes, laid in one layer, in a well-ventilated room at a temperature of 20 ˚C, then the storage temperature is lowered to 17 ˚C.
• Lighting: bright sunlight or light partial shade.
• The soil: slightly alkaline or neutral, well-drained, fertile and loose sandy loamy soil fertilized with ash and compost.
• Watering: regular and plentiful, especially during budding and flowering: 10 to 40 liters of water are spent on watering 1 m².
• Top dressing: mineral or organic fertilizers. The first time - in early spring, immediately after germination, the second time - during the budding period, the third time - after flowering.
• Reproduction: seed and vegetative (daughter bulbs).
• Pests: lilac scoops, root onion mites, bears, slugs, mice and moles.
• Diseases: gray, white, root, wet and soft rot, variegated and tobacco necrosis viruses (August disease).

Read more about growing tulips below.

Tulip flowers - description

A tulip grows in height from 10 cm to a meter. root system consists of adventitious roots growing from the bottom of the bulb and dying annually. Young bulbs form hollow stolons - lateral shoots growing to the side or vertically down, a daughter bulb is formed at the bottom of the stolons. The stem of the tulip is cylindrical, erect, the leaves are bluish-green due to a light wax coating, elongated-lanceolate, arranged alternately along the stem. Most large sheet– lower, smallest (flag list) – upper.

Tulip flowers open in the sun and close at night or on cloudy days.

A tulip usually has one flower, although there are many-flowered species and varieties, with 3-5 flowers or more. The flowers are regular, a perianth of six leaves, six stamens with elongated anthers, most often the tulip flower is red, less often yellow, even more rarely white. The color of varietal tulips is much more diverse: red, purple, pure white, yellow, purple and almost black, there are varieties that combine several colors in the most incredible variations.

flower shape tulips are also diverse: cup-shaped, goblet-shaped, lily-shaped, oval, peony-shaped, star-shaped, fringed ... The size of the flower also depends on the variety - sometimes the length is 12 cm, and the diameter is from 3 to 10 cm (in full disclosure up to 20 cm). The fruit of tulips is a trihedral box, the seeds in it are triangular, flat, yellow-brown.

In the photo: Tulips in bloom

Growing tulips - features

Striking tulips august sickness caused by tobacco necrosis virus. The disease is fungal, manifested in the form of a curvature of the stem and an ugly striation of the flower, as well as dark spots on the bulb. Diseased plants should be removed immediately, the hole should be shed with a strong hot solution of potassium permanganate and boric acid at the rate of 10 g of manganese and 3 g of boric acid per 1 liter of water. You can fill the hole with ashes. The rest of the plants need to be sprayed with a two percent solution of Fundazol.

Sometimes tulips get sick with fungal diseases - gray, root, white, soft, wet or botrytic rot, especially if the spring turned out to be damp and rainy. The reasons may be different, but the preventive measures are the same: ensure good soil drainage, comply with all agrotechnical requirements for growing tulips, after digging the bulbs in the summer before planting them in the fall, sow plants that produce phytoncides (marigold, calendula, mustard, nasturtium) on the plot . In addition, for the purpose of prevention, fungicides are used, watering the area with a solution of 20 g per 10 liters of water.

In the photo: Variegation on a tulip

Of the pests, tulips are dangerous for tulips, lilac scoops, root onion mites, snails, slugs and mouse-like rodents.

Against onion mite use heat treatment bulbs, dropping them for five minutes in hot (35-40 ºС) water. If the infection was found already during the growing season, the tulips are sprayed with a two percent solution of Keltan or Rogor, and if this does not give quick results, the diseased specimens have to be dug up and destroyed. After digging the bulbs from the site, plant tomatoes, radishes or tagetes on it - these plants are resistant to mites.

Purple Owl afraid of dusting lower leaves plants with naphthalene.

For bear, snails And slugs scatter traps around the area: rags, pieces of plywood or slate, under which they like to crawl, and collect insects every day and destroy them. For a bear, you can dig into the soil glass jars and fill them with water not to the very top: insects fall into the water and cannot get out.

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