Installation of partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs. Do-it-yourself installation of an interior tongue-and-groove partition

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Just the other day I was considering the topic of partitions from. This became a reason for discussing other modern options, for example, construction partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs. Moreover, I myself really like this option, and perhaps I will use it in a house that...

Tongue-and-groove slabs are a convenient, practical, economical building material for rapid construction partitions

I want to ask you one question. Tell me, can two people install a partition of 20-30 m2 in one day? They can. If gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs were used for the installation of partitions. Yes, perhaps I even thought about 2 people, and one can handle it. Why so sure? With just my own hands I built the walls of a house from expanded clay blocks, and the tongue-and-groove slab weighs a little more, at least hollow - I already held it in my hands while studying it in a construction hypermarket. But this is not the only issue. With my usual pedantry, I studied the issue regarding these slabs, now I will share it, and you will see for yourself. Looking ahead a little, I will say that despite the apparent simplicity of the masonry (due to the magic grooves), nevertheless, the result will be successful only if they are used correctly.

Construction of interior partitions

The most popular material for the device interior partitions in apartments or residential buildings are: brick, slag concrete, expanded clay concrete, gas silicate blocks, drywall, and today the hero of the article is becoming no less popular - plaster tongue-and-groove slabs (GWP). The choice of the most optimal option depends on the specifics of the work. For example, they are often erected where the structural fencing requires special strength and increased sound insulation. But the construction of a brick partition, as well as its subsequent finishing and gating, is very painstaking work. But you really want to make your task easier and choose the best option, especially when you do everything in your own hands. In general, my motto in this regard is “ minimum body movements, with greater efficiency". And for this you need to choose the right material and technology. And tongue-and-groove slabs fit my motto the best way.

Construction of a partition from PGP

Structures made of expanded clay concrete, slag concrete and are inexpensive. And by the way, due to their size, gas silicate blocks are also laid quite quickly, plus they are even lighter than tongue-and-groove slabs (but at the same time less durable). But they however require plastering. And expanded clay and slag concrete are also not ideal in terms of environmental friendliness. In addition, all of the listed options do not have these magical grooves due to which the masonry turns out to be perfectly even. In general, when speed and ease of construction are paramount for us and there is neither the desire nor the means for it, and with the condition that in the future there are no plans to hang very heavy interior elements on the walls (for example, a 100-liter boiler), then it is very good option there will be a tongue-and-groove slab.

Characteristics of tongue-and-groove slabs

So what is tongue-and-groove gypsum board and what is the technology for its production? The PGP is a monolithic block with dimensions of 667 x 500 mm and a thickness of 80/100 mm with ridges and grooves along the joining and supporting surfaces. Its weight may vary from 20 to 37 kg, it depends on the type of product and thickness. The technology for producing GGP is quite simple. A solution of gypsum and water of a certain thickness is poured into a special “gypsum cooker”, where the water gradually evaporates and the solution thickens. Next, the resulting mass is poured into molds and sent to drying chamber, where through the hydration reaction of the gypsum binder, the material hardens.

The tongue-and-groove slabs are dried. They are all so white and slender, I just want to take them to my place, to my house)

Then ready-made slabs stand for at least another day. The result is an environmentally friendly product that is not hazardous to health. Which is odorless, does not contain any toxic compounds, is characterized by increased vapor permeability and is, as it were, a regulator of the humidity regime in the room, like all products made from pure gypsum.

Gypsum tongue-and-groove boards are fire resistant. Their soundproofing characteristics meet all GOST standards for interior partitions (41 dBA). Among other things, on the smooth and even surface of walls made of tongue-and-groove slabs, after the joints have been erected and puttyed, you can immediately glue wallpaper, and after complete puttying, paint it.

Bathroom partitions made of GGP gypsum boards

Manufacturers, price

GGPs are produced by many companies, the leaders of which are considered to be the well-known, good old one, as well as "BelGIPS", "Volma" And Peshelansky gypsum plant. One of the important factors of these slabs compared to other wall building materials is their relatively low high price – 150-260 rub. a piece. Full-bodied ones are more expensive. In order not to be unfounded, I’ll visit my favorite online right now Leroy Merlin(by the way, there is also a favorite Baucenter, but since it is not in all cities, so I’m citing Leroy), you can see the prices in the screenshot (2019).

The price of tongue-and-groove slabs on the Leroy online storefront

And by the way, they are all quite positive reviews, however, some people complain a little about the geometry (slabs from the Angarsk plant). But here, as elsewhere, it depends on the manufacturer, so pay attention to this when purchasing. But everyone unanimously declares - speed and ease of construction of partitions! What else do you need, strength? They are quite durable, at least stronger than the gas silicate slabs that are also fashionable today. But they are inferior to brick, yes. But we know that construction options that are ideal in all respects do not exist in nature, there are only optimal options in relation to a given situation. But now it’s time to discuss the pros and cons of these plates.

Pros and cons of tongue-and-groove slabs

Like any building material, these slabs have their pros and cons, let's see what's more.

Pros:

Do not contain toxic substances and components.
Not flammable, fireproof.
They have increased gas and vapor permeability.
Partitions made from these slabs are easy and quick to erect.
Simple processing (easy to plan, drill, saw).
Front side does not need additional plastering.
After finishing the seams, the surface can be immediately tiled, wallpapered and, in some cases, painted.
Small price.

Minuses:

Not suitable for load-bearing walls/partitions.
Manufacturers suggest using it only in buildings where all shrinkage processes have already completed (in principle, this is also true for other materials).

Have you considered the pros and cons? Draw your own conclusions.

Types of tongue-and-groove slabs

On Russian markets There are two main types of GLP: standard and moisture resistant(hydrophobized), which include special additives that reduce moisture absorption (not higher than 5%). The former are used in rooms with a normal and dry climate (no higher than 60% humidity), the latter are preferably in toilets, bathrooms and other “wet” rooms where the humidity exceeds 60%.

Note: in rooms with high humidity Manufacturers recommend using moisture-resistant tongue-and-groove boards. Finished partitions made of PGP are covered with ceramic tiles, and waterproofing is applied to the area of foreseeable exposure to moisture.

It is worth noting here that some manufacturers paint moisture-resistant boards in the manufacturing process. green color, while others apply markings confirming this. But one way or another, there is an easy way to find out which slab in front of you is moisture resistant or not. Of course, just spray water on it. If drops roll off the surface (display of water-repellent properties) and are not absorbed, this is a water-repellent board.

Among other things, both standard and moisture-resistant GGP can be full and hollow. The latter are practically in no way inferior to the full-bodied ones in terms of strength, but they are 25% lighter, and in addition, they are lower in price. For example, the mass of a solid block from Volma, 667 x 500 x 80 mm, weighs 26-28 kg, while the mass of an identical but hollow block is 20-22 kg. Or mass Peshelanskaya a solid slab of the same dimensions weighs 28-30 kg, and a hollow slab weighs 24-26.

Installation of partitions from hollow tongue-and-groove slabs

Knowing this feature and using lightweight slabs, you can increase productivity by reducing the labor intensity of work, and at the same time reduce the load on the floor, or save, for example, on transportation by increasing the number of GWP blocks in one machine.

Installation of partitions from KNAUF tongue-and-groove slabs

The entire technology of laying/installing the PGP is presented step by step as follows (taking into account the recommendations of the manufacturers themselves):

Installation of KNAUF gypsum boards

Gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs are used not only for the construction of interior partitions, but also For interior decoration external walls. In both cases, work with them begins only after the construction of all enclosing and load-bearing structures of the building, but before laying the finished floor.

IN winter time Installation of slabs can be carried out even in unheated rooms, provided that the temperature is not lower than 5 o C. Please note that the slabs require acclimatization, so they must lie in the room being repaired for at least 4 hours.

The construction of partitions from PGP is somewhat reminiscent of the assembly children's construction set Lego. Important condition installation means correctly combining each element and strictly observing the vertical and horizontal position of the rows of blocks. Confidence in the strength of the structure is guaranteed by assembly adhesive prepared from mixtures recommended by the manufacturer of the boards.

Note: for fastening various kinds Items placed on tongue-and-groove partitions must comply with a number of requirements. When hanging suspended shelves, sanitary fixtures and other fixtures (weight load from 30 to 100 kg), special corrosion-resistant anchors are used that pass through the entire thickness of the walls. When hanging pictures, mirrors, small shelves with a weight load of up to 30 kg, you can use ordinary plastic anchor dowels. If necessary, place different engineering communications on partitions made of PGP, or in order to increase sound insulation, it is preferable to erect a double partition. In this case, the first to be erected is the partition to which it will be attached. engineering equipment or soundproofing material.

To improve your understanding of the installation of tongue-and-groove slabs, you can watch this video from the manufacturer himself, everything is very detailed and clear:

Installation errors

If a partition made of these slabs “rattles” or allows sounds to pass through when struck lightly, this indicates that some mistakes were made during their installation. For example, maximum permissible dimensions exceeded partitions. They should be: 4.5 x 6 m for slabs with a thickness of 100 mm and 3.6 x 6 m for slabs with a thickness of 80 mm.

Another one of possible errors – rigid connection of the partition with the adjacent structure(should only be using mounting adhesive), which is only possible in those rooms where there are no standard conditions for sound insulation.

And finally, there may be such an option - the partition is poorly attached when the slabs are elastically connected (through the gasket). The technology for installing tongue-and-groove blocks suggests using, in addition to glue, special staples– 100 x 120 x 20 mm. It is worth noting here that the density of the elastic cork gasket must be at least 250 kg/m3, thickness - 5 mm. Instead of cork, you can use a pad made of bumized felt with a density of at least 300 kg/m 3, also 5 mm thick. And if you did everything strictly according to the instructions, then installation errors are excluded.

Video of installation of partitions from PGP

For many it is easier to see once than to read 10 times. One video is good, but two or three are better in order to better understand the material.

This video shows the process of laying slabs on glue:

And in this video there are details on sawing:

And finally, applying putty on the surface of the slabs:

“I worked in many places, mastered a lot of skills. From construction to programming. And by profession I am an ecologist. A few years ago I took a plot of land and began to actively study the construction business in theory and practice. Now the house is standing, and I write articles :)”

Partitions made from PGP are used for redevelopment of premises or delimitation of apartments in new buildings. They are distinguished by their smooth surface, ease of installation and budget cost. The blocks are connected using a tongue-and-groove system, the seams on the finished structure are minimal. This makes it possible not to putty, but to immediately coat the wall with a primer and decorate it.

Tongue-and-groove slabs for partitions are rectangular elements with longitudinal grooves and protrusions (ridges) at the joints necessary for a strong and seamless bond. Their standard dimensions are 667x500x80 mm, thickness can be 100 mm.

There are tongue-and-groove slabs for large partitions, with a height from floor to ceiling.

Their installation is very quick, but you can’t handle it yourself due to the heavy weight building elements There is a whole team involved in the installation.

Types of tongue-and-groove blocks for interior partitions, depending on the material of manufacture:

View	Preparation method	Positive traits
Gypsum boards	Made from gypsum with plasticizing additives. Gypsum blocks for partitions are divided into moisture-resistant (green) and those whose moisture permeability is high.	Allowed for installation in children's rooms. Another advantage of gypsum blocks is their ease of processing. Gypsum blocks can be sawn at any angle - gypsum elements can be used to create structures of various shapes and configurations.
Silicate blocks	From quicklime and water with added quartz sand using an autoclave.	They have significant sound insulation qualities. Compared to gypsum, they are resistant to moisture and have greater strength and durability.

PGP partitions can be solid or hollow. The latter weigh less (22 kg compared to 28 for monolithic ones), but cannot withstand hanging massive household items.

Advantages of GGP partitions

The general advantages of partitions made of gypsum or silicone tongue-and-groove boards are:

The use of hollow slabs reduces the load on the supporting base.

The main advantage of such building elements: installation of tongue-and-groove partitions is not difficult. Finished design does not require special finishing work. There is no need to plaster the wall, just cover it with a primer and decorate it.

Installation of partitions from PGP

The installation of partition elements made of gypsum or silicate in the apartment begins after the construction of load-bearing parts, but before laying the subfloor and starting painting and plastering work.

Installation of a partition made of standard-sized tongue-and-groove slabs takes only two to three days. This is due to the convenient tongue-and-groove system and the absence of the need for additional reinforcement.

When docking, any deviations along the planes are eliminated, which allows short time collect flat wall without even a millimeter error.

If you need to hide communications, special grooves are made in solid blocks. In hollow ones, wires and pipes can be laid in the internal cavity. If the construction of partitions from PGP does not involve gating, use the method double walls. But they “eat up” twice as much space.

Materials and tools

To build a partition from tongue-and-groove slabs you will need the following set of tools:

roulette;
electric drill;
mallet;
construction level;
putty knife;
hand saw;
ruler, pencil;
screwdriver;
mixer for mixing glue.

The materials you will need are the blocks themselves, a cork or felt seal, edge tape, rope, glue, and primer. Fastening elements are also needed: screws, dowel-nails, fixing brackets - straight hangers or corners.

Preparatory work

The construction of a partition created from tongue-and-groove blocks requires certain preparation. First of all, you need to check the compliance of the floor and ceiling horizontal levels, and make sure that the tongue-and-groove slabs are closely adjacent to them: smooth out prominent irregularities, fill cracked areas and depressions with a solution of cement and sand.

The blocks are brought into the room no later than 24 hours before installation so that the material “adapts”, that is, has the necessary humidity and temperature.

To build the wall, gypsum-based acrylic adhesive is used.

But it is very expensive, so many people replace it with regular tile adhesive or a mortar of cement and sand in a 1:3 ratio with the addition of polyvinyl acetate glue. If everything is thoroughly mixed, the result is a fairly plastic and finely dispersed mixture that can be easily applied with a spatula. It is easier to make masonry with mortar, since its setting time is longer than that of gypsum glue.

Before constructing interior partitions, all surface areas in contact with them are primed and marked according to the previously created drawing.

Laying tongue-and-groove blocks

It is not difficult to assemble a partition from tongue-and-groove slabs with your own hands. The main thing is not to violate the technology when constructing a bulkhead from PGP.

Installation guide for partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs - step-by-step instructions:

If the structure of a false wall requires an opening for a door, it is necessary to fix the blocks located on top. When installing one row of blocks over an opening up to 0.8 m wide, it is permissible to install them on a door frame or a non-permanent wooden lintel.

If the width is more than 0.8 m or it is necessary to lay several rows, you will need to install a lintel for tongue-and-groove slabs made of wooden blocks or metal channel.

It is mounted with glue in specially made cuts approximately 5 cm deep in corner blocks. After the solution has dried, the upper rows of slabs are installed.

After finishing the work, the tongue-and-groove partitions need to be primed. Especially if tongue-and-groove gypsum boards were used. The primer ensures adhesion of the decorative layer and will avoid the appearance of surface defects.

Any type of wallpaper and painting are suitable for finishing. It is better to finish the kitchen and bathroom tiles or plastic panels. For the living room, children's room, and bedroom, wallpaper or decorative plaster is often chosen.

Tongue-and-groove partitions allow you to obtain a stable, flat surface. They are a good alternative to plasterboard walls, they are easy to install and low in cost. Thanks to the tongue-and-groove connection system, the joining points of the elements become invisible. Due to this, you can skip the putty step, immediately prime and proceed to finishing.

Types of partitions

Partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs, depending on the material of manufacture, are divided into:

Silicate ones are made on the basis of quicklime and water with the addition of quartz sand. The mixture is pressed and kept in an autoclave. They do not burn and have high sound insulation performance. Compared to gypsum types, such structures are more durable and resistant to moisture.
GGP partitions are made on the basis of gypsum with the addition of plasticizers. They are divided into moisture-resistant (green) and moisture-unresistant. The installation of such partitions can be done in any room, including children's rooms. Gypsum is environmentally friendly, non-flammable, and has good sound insulation.

They are made hollow and monolithic. Hollow material is lightweight, but it will not be possible to hang massive shelves, lamps, etc. on it. Solid ones can withstand heavy loads.

Installation of slabs for partitions is carried out after the construction of all load-bearing structures, but before laying the subfloor and before the start of finishing work.

DIY installation

Installation of partitions from tongue-and-groove slabs is done with your own hands or with the help of professional builders. The material has high thermal insulation, so it can be installed not only inside the room, but also close to cold walls in contact with the street.

The technology for installing tongue-and-groove partitions is quite simple. The main thing is to install the structure level and secure the elements tightly together.

If it is necessary to hide communications without installing grooves, double partition technology is used. The disadvantage is that they take up 2 times more space.

At sub-zero temperatures installation is carried out using frost-resistant adhesives.

Tools

All necessary tools and materials must be prepared in advance so that during the work process you are not distracted by a trip to the store for missing copies.

It is necessary to assemble the following devices for installing interior partitions from tongue-and-groove slabs:

felt seal;
tongue-and-groove slabs;
damper tape, twine;
cement, sand, gypsum for preparing the solution;
special glue for tongue-and-groove slabs or tile adhesive;
primer;
building level, tape measure;
pencil, ruler;
fastening elements: screws, anchors, staples;
rubber mallet, spatula, hacksaw;
drill, screwdriver, construction mixer.

Consumables should be selected in accordance with the recommendations of the tongue-and-groove slab manufacturer.

Preparatory work

When installing tongue-and-groove partitions in a new house, you need to check the location of the floor and ceiling according to the horizontal level. Protruding parts of the surface are cleaned by grinding. Cracks and depressions are filled cement-sand mortar.

The floor and ceiling must be prepared so that the tongue-and-groove slabs fit snugly against them. Before installing partitions, all surfaces that will come into contact with them are treated with a primer.

When installing partitions during current repairs markings are made on the floor, ceiling, and walls. Mark the location of the partition with a line. Remove all finishing materials from surfaces several millimeters wider than the markings indicate. Firmly held ceramic tiles do not need to be dismantled.

At a height of 30 cm from the floor, a string is pulled, which will indicate the level of the partition. Along the line of contact of the partition with the surfaces, a damper seal is glued: felt impregnated with bitumen or a cork backing. The width must correspond to the thickness of the slab.

Construction of the first row

The location of the entire structure will depend on the correct installation of the first row. Here is information on how to make a partition from tongue-and-groove blocks.

Step-by-step installation instructions:

For tongue-and-groove slabs that will be located in the first row, the lower ridges are cut off using a hacksaw.
Glue is applied to the vertical and horizontal parts of the sealing material.
Place a perforated bracket on that part of the slab groove that will be adjacent to the wall, so that the fasteners protrude a few centimeters.
Fasten the bracket to the wall using dowels or self-tapping screws.
Place the slab with the groove up, press it firmly against the wall and floor, check that it is level, and tap it with a rubber mallet.
From the installation side of the next slab, a bracket is inserted into the groove and secured to the floor using dowels.
After the adhesive has set, install the next slab and secure it with a bracket to the floor.
Each subsequent block is mounted after the glue has set on the previous one.

For side connections adhesive composition applied so that the distance between the plates does not exceed 2 mm. Excess glue that appears is immediately wiped off; after hardening, removing drips will be problematic.

When erecting walls from PGP, maximum attention is paid to the installation of the first row. The quality of its installation will determine the reliability and appearance the entire structure.

Construction of the remaining rows

The second and subsequent rows are mounted with offset seams. The first slab of the second row is sawn in half. The row starts from half a block. Staples are attached to the sections of tongue-and-groove blocks adjacent to the wall.

The adhesive composition is diluted so that it is more liquid than what was used for the first row. Apply the adhesive composition to the bottom and side joints of each slab. Using this technology, the entire wall is assembled.

Be sure to check the horizontal and vertical levels after installing each block.

Installing the last row

According to the technology, there should be a compensation gap of 2 mm between the ceiling and the blocks of the top row.

Staples are attached to the upper grooves of the last row with glue. Install the block and screw the bracket to the ceiling using dowels. If the slab is larger than the remaining distance, it is cut to the required size.

After the glue has hardened, the seam between the ceiling and the wall is covered with foam. When it hardens, cut off the excess with a knife.

Technology for installing partitions with doorways

When the partition design includes a doorway, you need to think about how to strengthen the rows that will be located above the opening.

If there is only one row of slabs above an opening up to 800 mm wide, then it is permissible to mount them on top of a door frame or temporary support.

In the case where the opening is wider than 800 mm or several rows will be laid above it, you will need to install a reliable lintel made of thick wooden beam section 50 x 50 mm or metal channel 35.

Partitions made of PGP with the arrangement of a doorway are mounted using a technology similar to the construction of a solid wall. The difference is that when markings are made, the location of the opening is noted, the wall turns out to be divided.

Lintels above the doorway:

When the row reaches top level location of the opening, cutouts with a depth of about 50 mm are made in the blocks on both sides. The width of the cutout is equal to the thickness of the timber or channel.
Lubricate the blocks with glue and insert the jumper.
After the adhesive composition has hardened, the upper rows of blocks are installed.

If you plan to install in the partition interior door, the box under it can be mounted both at the stage of wall construction and subsequently.

Strengthening corners

To external corners turned out at 90 degrees and did not collapse under mechanical stress, they are strengthened using a perforated corner 3 x 3 cm.

Instructions for attaching corners:

Using a spatula, apply putty to the surface of the corner and press the steel corner to it. Press it along its entire length.
If the length is not enough, take another strip and overlap it by 3 cm.
Apply a layer of putty on top using an angle spatula.

By internal corners lay a serpyanka tape. If it does not have a self-adhesive base, it is attached using the same technology as a perforated corner.

Remove from serpyanka on a self-adhesive basis protective layer and glue it along the entire length of the corner.

Electrical wiring in partitions

After the partition is installed, it may be necessary to install sockets or switches. For device hidden wiring mark the location of elements electrical system, make a groove for the wires and holes for the boxes.

Technological cavities inside hollow partitions made of gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs can be used for laying electrical wiring. To make it more convenient to lay wires in horizontal channels, blind holes are made on the sides.

They stretch wires, connect sockets and switches. Seal the holes with putty.

The distance between the grooves should not be less than 10 cm.

Finishing walls from tongue-and-groove slabs

Like any material, walls made of tongue-and-groove slabs need finishing. Materials for its construction are chosen depending on functional purpose premises.

It is appropriate to lay ceramic tiles in the kitchen and bathroom. Suitable decoration for the living room and bedroom decorative plaster, wallpaper, painting with water-based paints.

Painting

Before painting, the surface is puttied with fine-grained compounds, allowing you to get a perfect smooth surface. After drying, rub the surface with a fine sanding mesh. Apply two layers of primer.

Prepare the paint desired shade obtained by adding colors.

Start painting. Apply the paint with a roller, making sure that the layer is even. Several coats of paint may be required.

Wallpapering

Cover the surface with a primer and apply a thin layer of plaster or putty.

Wallpapering is done according to the usual scheme. Dilute the glue, cut off a strip of wallpaper to the required length. Apply glue to the wallpaper and wall. Apply the strip and smooth it with a rubber roller, expelling air bubbles.

When decorating with wallpaper, there should be no drafts in the room.

Laying tiles

Ceramic tile finishing does not require preliminary preparation surfaces.

Instructions for laying tiles:

the surface of the partition is cleared of construction debris;
the protrusions are cleaned with sandpaper;
depressions and cracks are filled with cement mortar;
for better adhesion of materials, the wall is covered with two layers of primer;
laying tiles.

Because gypsum surface absorbs water, the surface after installation of the tiles is not touched for 3-5 days.

You can see how to install tongue-and-groove blocks in the video:

A partition made of tongue-and-groove slabs is very easy to assemble and represents reliable design. The finishing of such a surface can be done using any materials you like.

The appearance of this material was caused by the need to reduce the labor intensity and cost of masonry.

Judge for yourself - one tongue-and-groove gypsum slab 66.7 cm long and 50 cm high replaces 14 one and a half sand-lime bricks or 20 pieces of single red ones (250x120x65mm).

For a silicate tongue-and-groove slab, these figures are more modest (5 and 7 bricks, respectively), but also quite acceptable for speeding up and reducing the cost of work.

Partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs (GGP) are intended for installation in residential and public buildings with a ceiling height of no more than 4.2 m.

Since such slabs have a large lateral surface and a small width (from 8 to 10 cm), to increase the stability of the masonry, a tongue-and-groove joint is made on their side faces. Given constructive solution at the same time it increases the evenness of the partition, since the slab fits precisely on the longitudinal seam and is securely connected to the adjacent one.

Gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs

They are made using casting technology from gypsum grades G-4 or G-5.

Construction gypsum is an environmentally friendly and breathable material. Therefore, partitions made from it comply with strict sanitary and hygienic standards regulating quality finishing materials. To improve performance and strength characteristics, plasticizing additives are added to gypsum.

Modern gypsum tongue-and-groove boards, depending on the degree of moisture absorption, are divided into conventional and moisture-resistant. To reduce water absorption, granulated blast furnace slag and Portland cement are added to the feedstock. In order to distinguish such slabs from ordinary ones, they are painted green.

Standard gypsum partition blocks can only be used in buildings with dry and normal level humidity, and moisture-resistant (hydrophobized) ones are allowed to be installed in wet rooms (according to the requirements of SNiP II-3-79)

Table №1 Basic specifications tongue-and-groove gypsum slabs

In terms of thermal insulation, a tongue-and-groove gypsum slab with a thickness of 80 mm is equivalent concrete wall 400 mm thick. Its noise insulation coefficient ranges from 34 to 40 dB, which is good indicator for partition structures.

The fire resistance of solid gypsum blocks is very high. They are able to withstand direct exposure to fire for 3 hours (temperature about +1100 C) without loss of load-bearing capacity.

To reduce the weight of masonry, hollow gypsum boards are produced standard size 667x500x80 mm. Their weight is almost 25% less than that of full-bodied ones (22-24 versus 30-32 kg).

In addition, there is a gradation of gypsum boards depending on the shape of the tongue and groove (rectangular and trapezoidal). However, this parameter does not have a significant impact on the quality and strength of the partitions.

Silicate tongue-and-groove slabs

The technology for manufacturing silicate slabs consists of preparing a mixture of quartz sand, water and quicklime, which is then pressed and placed in an autoclave chamber. There, under the influence of high temperature and pressure, a strong lime-sand conglomerate is formed.

Silicate tongue-and-groove blocks for partitions have higher mechanical strength compared to gypsum and a lower level of water absorption. Therefore, they can be used for construction without restrictions self-supporting structures interior walls and for the construction of partitions in wet rooms.

The weight of such a silicate block is 15.6 kg with a density of 1870 kg/m3. Gypsum boards have a lower density - 1570 kg/m3, which has a positive effect on the quality of heat and sound insulation.

Table No. 2 Main technical characteristics of silicate tongue-and-groove slabs

Silicate slabs resist fire no worse than gypsum slabs. They do not emit toxic gases and do not conduct electricity. In addition, the tongue-and-groove lock dampens sound well.

The gas permeability (breathability) of the silicate partition block is at high level and provides a comfortable indoor microclimate. This material, even with significant fluctuations in humidity, does not deform or rot.

Manufacturers and prices

Tongue-and-groove blocks produced under the Knauf and Volma brands are in high demand today. The reasons for this are the predictability of their strength characteristics and high geometry accuracy. This allows you to reduce the cost and labor intensity of finishing work.

Such structures do not need to be plastered, but, having been primed, they can be immediately covered with wallpaper or painted.

Today on the building materials market you can find offers for the sale of tongue-and-groove slabs for an average of 200 rubles per piece.

Installation features

The laying of partitions from tongue-and-groove blocks is carried out after the installation of load-bearing and enclosing structures of buildings is completed, before the installation of a clean floor and finishing work begins.

When redeveloping or reconstructing residential and civil facilities, tongue-and-groove partitions can be erected not only as single ones, but also as double ones. The last option is used in cases where hidden installation is required utility networks or insulate a partition, one side of which opens into a cold room.

On-site installation of tongue-and-groove slabs is reduced to joining at the seams, with periodic monitoring of the verticality and horizontality of each row. When assembling interior partitions, the slabs are placed both with the groove down and up. Standards recommend laying them with the groove upwards, since in this case the assembly adhesive mixture is evenly distributed in the tongue-and-groove space.

As an adhesive base for installation, you can use standard aerated concrete adhesive or Fugenfüller putty.

Installation sequence

The base under the partition is leveled with cement-sand mortar, after which the first row of partition slabs is placed on it level. Before joining, the groove and tongue surfaces of each slab are covered with an adhesive solution so that the thickness of the seam at the joints does not exceed 1-2 mm.

Installation is carried out with dressing of the joining seams. To create an elastic connection to the enclosing and load-bearing structures tongue-and-groove partitions are secured with special brackets.

The bracket is installed in the groove of the slab and fixed with a self-tapping screw to the floor panel or with an anchor dowel to the enclosing structure.

In addition, in such connections, standards recommend the use of gaskets made of cork or bituminized felt, installing them along the entire perimeter of the external joint.

If the width of the doorway does not exceed 80 cm and only one row of tongue-and-groove slabs will be installed above it, then the standards allow not to use a lintel. Its role is played by a door frame or a supporting structure, which is removed after gaining strength. adhesive solution(Fig. 1)

Picture 1

For larger opening widths installation of a steel or wooden lintel beam above it is mandatory (see Fig. 2)

All areas of contact between partitions and load-bearing walls and the ceilings are sealed with gypsum mortar.

Today there is a wide variety building materials, from which you can make high-quality and durable partitions in an apartment or private house. But often the choice of a specific material depends on the type of structure of the building. If the floor is reinforced concrete slabs between floors, then do interior partitions it is important to make it as light as possible.

The most optimal materials from which interior partitions can be made are lightweight ones, but today masonry materials such as gypsum block and foam block are of considerable interest. Various blocks are a new means for quickly and inexpensively constructing partitions in an apartment or private house, however, during work there are nuances that must be observed in mandatory. First of all, let's look at how to lay gypsum blocks on the solution.

Choosing glue or solution

First of all, let's find out what solution is needed for laying gypsum blocks. If you don’t have enough money for a special gypsum-based acrylic adhesive, since it is quite expensive, then you can use regular tile adhesive or cement mortar in a ratio of 1:3 and add PVA glue to it. When thoroughly mixed, a very elastic and finely dispersed mixture is obtained, which is easily spread with a spatula. Its excess is squeezed out when the block is installed in place. The solution is much easier to work with because its setting speed is much slower than gypsum adhesive, which can only be worked with during the first 60 minutes.

The question often arises: “How to lay gypsum blocks with glue?” when the need arises to build a partition. In fact, the glue is the best remedy for the construction of partitions from gypsum blocks. It hardens faster, which allows you to carry out complete installation with all necessary communications. And after just an hour, the surface can be easily cleaned using any mechanical method, but this is usually not required if tongue-and-groove slabs were used.

Slabs or block

Before starting to describe the technology for constructing a partition, you should decide on the choice of the type of material and its advantages. A gypsum wall block is, as a rule, a perfectly rectilinear parallelepiped on all sides made from a mixture of gypsum, cement and plasticizer. Good geometric parameters each product is acquired through production technology without the use of high temperatures, such as, for example, in the production of foam-gas-silicate blocks. But at the same time, gypsum blocks have better thermal conductivity and strength. High thermal insulation properties of the material were achieved through the use of sawdust, which also strengthens the structure of the block.

Good strength indicators made it possible to produce tongue-and-groove slabs, that is, blocks 8-10 cm thick and dimensions 66.7 x 50 cm with a groove and tongue for joining each other during installation. This is the main difference between slabs and blocks.

Gypsum tongue-and-groove partitions turn out to be perfectly smooth on both sides and during the installation process there is a low probability of curvature from the level even by a millimeter.

If we compare the price parameters, then laying partitions from tongue-and-groove slabs will cost a little more, because their cost is higher than the blocks. But one cannot fail to notice the benefits of working with them. The ridge fits securely into the groove and at the same time forms a high-quality connection of all the blocks with each other without the slightest deviation along any planes.

Although laying gypsum blocks will be cheaper, it will require more adhesive mixture. It is more difficult to align it on planes, which is fraught with curvature and distortions. The main thing in technology is maintaining the levels, so the block wall turns out smooth and of high quality. But you should take into account the advantage - a wall made of gypsum blocks, as a rule, is thicker and has best characteristics strength and sound insulation. As for weight, of course, it is heavier, so hollow gypsum blocks can be used as an alternative.

Gypsum block installation technology

There are several technologies for laying gypsum blocks. Some people prefer to use glue, while others prefer to use a solution. In fact, you can use both methods, but you just need to do certain conditions. Before considering how to lay gypsum blocks on one or another means, you should familiarize yourself with general technology performing a full range of work.

To make it clearer how to lay gypsum blocks, see the photo below.

Interior partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs must be smooth and durable. And to achieve this, it is necessary to follow the installation technology.

In order for the installation of the tongue-and-groove partition to be of high quality, it is necessary to allow the blocks to get used to the temperature at which they will be placed in place. To do this, it is recommended to bring all the material indoors and give it at least 1 day to get used to it. The block, due to the filler in the form of sawdust and plasticizer, expands slightly with increasing temperature, taking on its final shape. Compliance with this condition will eliminate the possibility of cracks occurring the next day after installation of the blocks.

The first step is to mark the location where the partition will be installed. Here you can use both a regular tape measure, a plumb line and a long level, and laser device. When performing large-scale work, it is advisable and much more efficient to use a laser level.

Well, at home, when there is nowhere and there is no need to rush, it is quite possible to get by with familiar tools. Pazocrestal septum As a rule, the result is perfectly flat on all sides, so no plaster or plasterboard coating is required. Unless, of course, additional insulation is needed. Therefore, when marking, the craftsman takes this into account and deviates from the original line a distance equal to the thickness of the additional finishing.

Installation of tongue-and-groove partitions should be carried out only on a high-quality and conscientiously prepared surface. Therefore, using a broom, brush and other tools, we carefully sweep the area where the partition will be installed. Also, the installation of partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs provides for a perfectly flat surface. To obtain this, the mechanically cleaned area is treated with concrete contact (acrylic or any other primer for concrete). It is recommended to do this in two layers for better adhesion of the leveling layer.

If the house has reinforced concrete floors, this does not mean that the surface is perfectly flat. In order to correctly lay gypsum blocks, deviations should not exceed more than 3 mm; in other cases, the surface must be leveled.

If the leveling layer turns out to be very thin, then a self-leveling mixture can be used. To do this, you need to install something like formwork and fill it with mortar, using a special roller with needles to roll out the mortar evenly over the entire plane.

If a tongue-and-groove partition is installed on an excessively curved surface, it can be leveled using a semi-dry screed. To do this, mix grade 500 cement and sand sifted through a fine sieve in a ratio of 1:3. Next, water is added and the solution is mixed until a uniformly moist (not wet) mixture is obtained. The process should not be described further, because it is not from this topic. After leveling with a semi-dry screed and completely drying (1-2 days), the surface must be treated again with soil (concrete contact). That's it, the surface is ready, you can start installation.

It is necessary to ensure that the partition made of tongue-and-groove slabs does not vibrate or resonate, thereby increasing soundproofing properties premises. To do this, it is necessary to provide a damping layer at the point of contact with the floor and wall. To accomplish this, you can use tape from cork backing 15 cm wide and 4 mm thick. It will compensate for all kinds of fluctuations and the degree of expansion of the partition when the temperature changes.

The tape can be installed using the same glue as the boards themselves. To do this, a certain amount of it is diluted; it is better not to mix it with water, because it will still become unusable even before laying the blocks. Using a spatula thin layer spread on the prepared surface, carefully roll out the tape and press it to the base. You need to let the glue harden for at least 1 hour.

That's it, the damping layer is ready, you can install tongue-and-groove slabs for partitions.

For better orientation relative to the level, you can use physical slats, that is, attach guides to the wall and floor on both sides of the partition with dowels. This will minimize the likelihood of deviation during installation.

On next stage Let's look at how to properly lay gypsum blocks. For more reliable fastening of the slabs to each other and a better geometry of the wall, the slabs must be laid with the groove up. To do this, using the usual hand hacksaw The lower ridge is carefully removed. Here it is important to leave the surface perfectly flat, without protrusions, so that it fits tightly onto the damper substrate.

The mortar for laying gypsum blocks or glue should be spread using a spatula directly onto the tape and then onto the blocks. A little is required, because when joining, the excess will still be squeezed out by the weight of the slab.

Shrinking of each plate is carried out using a hammer with a rubber pad or through a block until the surfaces are in complete contact.

The tongue-and-groove slabs must be laid in a checkerboard pattern or with each row offset relative to each other by no less than 1/3 of its width. This will make the partition very durable and resistant to any impact.

The installation of tongue-and-groove partitions necessarily includes its fastening to the wall and floor using perforated corners. It can be attached to blocks with ordinary wood screws, to the floor and walls using dowels or anchors. Fastening should be done at least every other row or block in a row.
The video attached below will be an excellent instruction and clarification for the article.

Doorways in the partitions of their tongue-and-groove slabs

Installing a partition made of tongue-and-groove slabs cannot do without door or window openings. Moreover, if the height of the partition is no more than 3 m and only 1 row of slabs will be laid over an opening up to 80 cm wide, then lintels do not need to be used. It is enough to make a small half-frame with the width of the opening from wooden blocks and attach it to the slabs with self-tapping screws. Next, the next row of blocks is laid with periodic quality control of the surfaces using a level.