Insulation of a house made of expanded clay concrete. How to insulate a house made of expanded clay concrete blocks

Insulating walls made of expanded clay concrete blocks from the outside is a way to reduce heat loss in a building and save on heating costs without reducing usable area premises. Using this method will require more building materials than when performing work inside the house, however, the process itself is easier to carry out, and the outer surfaces of the walls will be protected from the influence of destructive external factors.

Is it necessary to insulate

The thermal conductivity of blocks depends on the composition of the raw materials used for their manufacture. So, expanded clay concrete with a density of less than 1000 kg/m? has low thermal conductivity and when constructing a wall of the recommended thickness (70 cm) does not require additional insulation– it can simply be covered with finishing material.

Denser compositions (up to 1200 kg/m?) have higher thermal conductivity, and in regions with cold winters, buildings made of expanded clay concrete blocks need to be laid with heat-insulating material.

Worth knowing! In addition to reducing heat loss, insulation expanded clay concrete walls outside allows you to protect surfaces from destruction due to exposure to precipitation and temperature changes. This increases the service life of the building.

What materials to use

You can insulate a wall made of expanded clay concrete blocks using various materials:

Advice! Answering the question of how to insulate an expanded clay block from the outside, experienced builders mineral or basalt wool is recommended.

Nuances of performing work

There are 3 methods of external insulation of expanded clay concrete walls:

Installation of a ventilated facade. When choosing this method, a frame is first created, inside which insulation boards are laid. It is important to consider that the sheathing is attached to the wall, creating additional load on it, so this method is not recommended.
Laying insulation between the block and facing bricks. This method is considered the most reliable and durable, but the cost of such a solution is high, and therefore not available to everyone.
"Wet" method. Budget method external insulation, used most often. It consists in fixing the insulation to the wall using a special solution, after which it is covered with a vapor barrier material, on top of which plaster is applied. The advantages of this option: no serious load on the wall, the ability to paint the facade of the building in any color, low cost of materials and work, protection of expanded clay concrete from the influence of external factors (precipitation, temperature changes, winds).

Important! Before you insulate expanded clay concrete blocks outside, they need to be plastered. This increases the wall's ability to retain heat.

Work procedure for insulation

To insulate expanded clay concrete walls yourself, you should strictly adhere to the work technology. The process consists of several stages: preparing the surface, preparing the solution, applying an adhesive composition to the slabs, installing insulation, creating a vapor barrier layer, reinforcement, cladding.

Materials and tools

To work you will need:

insulation;
fiberglass facade mesh;
primer;
adhesive composition for insulation;
putty;
drill with a nozzle for mixing the solution;
containers for preparing glue and putty;
cuvette and brush for applying primer;
construction level;
spatulas - narrow, wide, serrated;
umbrella-shaped dowels;
construction knife;
polyurethane foam;
roulette;
vapor barrier material (membrane);
construction tape.

Depending on which cladding method is chosen, other materials will also be needed: brick, siding or facade plaster.

Preparation

The surface is cleaned of debris, dust and dirt. Apply a layer of primer, wait until it dries, and proceed to applying plaster. The wall is primed again to ensure high-quality adhesion of the insulation to the surface.

The next stage in the process of insulating walls made of expanded clay blocks is preparing the solution. Released today a large number of adhesive compositions, and when choosing, you should pay attention to ensure that it is suitable for the selected insulation. The solution is prepared following the instructions on the package.

Application of composition and installation of slabs

The adhesive must be applied using a notched trowel, spreading over the entire surface of the wall. thin layer. There should be no empty areas. After this, the composition is applied to the slab itself - around the perimeter and in the center.

Installation starts from the bottom of the wall and proceeds sequentially along the perimeter of the building. With this method, all the slabs in the first row will have time to be firmly fixed, and the load from those installed above will not move them. The evenness of the position of each slab is checked using building level. The second and subsequent rows are performed with a shift of half the length of the slab. To do this, cut the slab in half using a construction knife.

If in some places the sheets do not fit tightly together, fill the space polyurethane foam.

Additional fixation and installation of vapor barrier

After hardening adhesive solution(about a day later) the insulation is additionally attached to the expanded clay concrete using dowels. They are driven in around the perimeter of the slabs and in the center.

When using mineral or basalt wool, a vapor barrier layer is required to protect the material from getting wet. For this purpose, special membrane films are used, which also protect from wind. The film is secured by placing the strips vertically. In this case, each subsequent strip must overlap the previous one by at least 10 cm. The joints are glued with construction tape.

Proceed to the installation of the reinforcing mesh. It is mounted vertically. Using a tape measure, measure the height of the wall and cut off a piece of mesh of the required length. Apply plaster to the insulation area and press the mesh into it. This must be done quickly, before the plaster hardens. In order to level the surface of the plaster while pressing the mesh, it is recommended to use a façade spatula for the work.

Finishing

You can perform cladding after insulating expanded clay concrete walls using brickwork, installing siding or using stucco.

Plaster the wall after the layer of composition on which the reinforcing mesh is fixed has completely dried. After this, the surface is primed again, wait until the wall dries, then begin applying the starting and finishing compositions. The final stage– façade painting.

Second possible variant– installation of siding. In this case, reinforcing mesh is not required; the cladding is installed directly on the slabs. Since the “wet” method does not require the installation of sheathing, installation of siding will require the installation of anchors on which the slats will be attached.

Why brick cladding less popular than the “wet” method? It requires creating a foundation and waterproofing it. This entails additional financial and time costs.

It is necessary to insulate the walls of a building built from expanded clay concrete blocks - this not only reduces heat loss, but also extends the life of the house. The cost of the materials that will be required is affordable, and the work itself is quite feasible to carry out on your own.

Question: Good afternoon, dear gentlemen! Please tell us how best to decorate the outside of a house made of expanded clay concrete blocks (CBB), what façade would be appropriate here, what materials can be used?
Arthur Shakarin, Novosibirsk

Answered by Semyon Fiskunov, Stroy-Alliance CJSC, Tolyatti.

Answer: Hello, Arthur! I'll try to answer your question in detail. Moreover, KBB is a fairly popular material; many owners use expanded clay concrete blocks.

First of all, I would like to ask you a counter question - how thick are the expanded clay concrete walls you built? The question is not an idle one.

It depends on your answer whether you will have to insulate your walls from KBB, or whether you can immediately begin finishing the exterior and applying a decorative layer.

Insulation of walls from KBB

If you built the walls of a house from expanded clay concrete blocks in 1 block (this is 40 cm), then you will have to insulate it. For Novosibirsk and surrounding regions, insulation with 150 mm of basalt wool or polystyrene foam will be sufficient. This will give you standard indicator on thermal resistance of enclosing structures R according to new SNiP.

Ventilated façade on KBB walls

If you have chosen a ventilated facade and, you can install it in wooden sheathing or into the space between steel hangers. I do not recommend you insulate a house made of KBB with polystyrene foam under a ventilated façade.

Why? Because there are several reasons why polystyrene foam is completely unsuitable as insulation for a ventilated façade:

Polystyrene foam is a flammable material and cannot be used in systems with a ventilated facade.
Rodents feel great in such a pie if you still make polystyrene foam into the ventilation façade.
The movement of air in the ventilation gap and the moisture being removed will eventually make a set of individual foam balls from sheets of foam. Your insulation will flow down the ventilation gap.

Basalt wool, which you can use, does not have these shortcomings in the ventilation façade. You can also use polyurethane foam, resole foam or ecowool.

After installing the sheathing or hangers and subsequent insulation, you can install the external decorative layer on the ventilated façade.

What is suitable in this case for a house made of KBB:

Porcelain tiles
Clinker panels
Vinyl siding
Metal siding
Fiber cement panels
Planken
Block house

These materials can be used to form. How to install them - see on this website, everything is described in detail.

Wet facade on the walls of a house made of KBB

If you want to make a wet facade on your house, then after preparing the walls (leveling, filling cracks, removing excess mortar), you can start insulating the walls of the house.

You can use basalt wool with a density of 45 and façade foam plastic density from 25. Cotton wool is mounted on facade dowels, foam plastic is mounted with glue and additionally on facade dowels.

At the time of installation of the insulation, a façade fiberglass mesh is attached on top of it, which will reinforce the plaster layer. The mesh is attached with the same façade dowels with “fungi” that hold the insulation to the wall.

After installing the fiberglass mesh, a base primer layer or two-component plaster is applied. Further . Modern facade systems make it possible to maintain the plaster layer in a semi-plastic state, which guarantees its long-term operation.

After priming you can do or paint.

You can use the following decorative coating options:

Painting with facade paint
Decorative plaster bark beetle
Plaster coat
Decorative smalt plaster

After applying the decorative layer, you can use fixing compounds and facade varnishes. They will protect the decorative layer from contamination and possible destruction.

PS. Under no circumstances should a house made of expanded clay concrete be insulated from the inside. Expanded clay concrete is actually a vapor-tight material. Moisture from the premises will be trapped between

When constructing houses from expanded clay concrete, the walls are created from two layers of the described material. Often this is not enough to keep the house warm winter time of the year. That is why it is important to properly insulate the building. In order for walls made of expanded clay concrete blocks to reliably retain heat in a room, it is necessary to properly insulate it, taking into account the characteristics of the specific structure and the materials used.

Why is it worth insulating?

Expanded clay concrete is characterized by high strength and durability, so it is excellent for creating residential buildings. It is worth noting that the thermal conductivity of the described material is 3 times lower than the thermal conductivity of brick. But it is worth remembering that it is necessary to insulate expanded clay concrete house walls. This is due to several reasons:

To give expanded clay strength, the material is created very dense, so heat passes through it quite quickly. Because of this, expanded clay concrete walls must be insulated from the outside.
Walls made of the described material are easily destroyed under the influence of external factors. To protect the material, it is worth cladding and insulating the building from the outside. Often, facing bricks are used for this.

It is worth remembering that insulating walls made of expanded clay concrete blocks will not only help maintain more comfortable conditions, but will also extend its service life, as it protects against condensation in the walls.

What materials should be used for insulation?

Before carrying out work on wall insulation, it is necessary to plaster the surface on both sides. This also helps keep the house warm. Insulation of expanded clay concrete buildings occurs when using the following materials:

Mineral wool. Many builders purchase this particular insulation, since it is not flammable and is made from environmentally friendly components. But when choosing this material, it is worth remembering that during insulation it is necessary to correctly create a waterproofing barrier. If this is not done, mineral wool will begin to deteriorate under the influence of moisture.
Styrofoam. This material is lightweight and not high cost. The foam is easy to attach without any help professional builders. It is worth noting that it is easily damaged by rodents and loses its properties when exposed to moisture. But when you create a reliable waterproofing barrier, you don’t have to worry about its destruction.
Penoplex. This material can be installed quite simply with your own hands. At the same time, it is resistant to moisture and consists of environmentally friendly components.

How to insulate a house with mineral wool

All work on insulating a house made of expanded clay concrete thermal comfort blocks occurs as follows:

It is worth noting that polystyrene foam is not recommended due to the fact that it is a vapor-proof material, which can result in condensation on the walls. Installation of such material is carried out in the same way as fixing sheets of mineral wool. In order to properly insulate a building, before carrying out work it is worth finding out about the thermal conductivity of a particular structure.

Which method of external thermal insulation to choose?

When creating houses from expanded clay concrete, insulation is carried out in three ways:

in-wall insulation;
ventilated facade;
thermal insulation using the “wet” method.

To understand which of the presented methods is more preferable, it is worth considering the features of each of them.

Ventilated facade- this is a method in which the construction of a frame covered with facing material occurs. In this case, the created structure carries an additional load on the wall. Due to the increased weight of the structure, using this method is not recommended.

In-wall insulation involves fixing the insulation layer and lining on the outside decorative material. This method is quite common, but it is worth noting that a fairly large amount of money must be spent on its implementation.

Wet insulation has the following advantages:

helps create a protective layer that helps prevent weathering of expanded clay concrete blocks;
does not create a large load on the walls of the building;
allows you to choose one of many shades of the facade;
When using this method, a small amount of money is spent.

It is worth noting that partitions in a house made of expanded clay concrete blocks are not insulated.

Selecting the type of insulation depending on the characteristics of the structure

If the façade of the house is not finished with anything, you can line the walls with bricks, having first secured the insulation. The effectiveness of this insulation method is quite high. But it is worth noting that it is used similar method infrequently. This is due to the cost of materials and time spent on cladding.

Also, buildings made of expanded clay concrete are often insulated in a similar way, but instead of brick, other facing materials are used. An example can be given metal siding. Polystyrene foam often acts as insulation.

Another one possible situation- a house made of expanded clay concrete is already finished with brick, but without a layer of insulation. In this case, you can treat the structure with polyurethane foam.

To do this, holes are first created in the wall through which the polyurethane mixture is supplied. After this, the material fills the cracks and hardens. The use of such material has many advantages. This material cannot be damaged by rodents and is not susceptible to moisture. But it is worth remembering that such material has a high cost. Because of this, many home owners abandon the described method in favor of cheaper options.

When constructing houses from expanded clay concrete, the walls are created from two layers of the described material. Often this is not enough to keep the house warm in the winter. That is why it is important to properly insulate the building. In order for walls made of expanded clay concrete blocks to reliably retain heat in a room, it is necessary to properly insulate it, taking into account the characteristics of the specific structure and the materials used.

Why is it worth insulating?

To give expanded clay strength, the material is created very dense, so heat passes through it quite quickly. Because of this, expanded clay concrete walls must be insulated from the outside.
Walls made of the described material are easily destroyed under the influence of external factors. To protect the material, it is worth cladding and insulating the building from the outside. Often, facing bricks are used for this.

It is worth remembering that insulating walls made of expanded clay concrete blocks will not only help maintain more comfortable conditions in the house, but will also extend its service life, as it protects against condensation in the walls.

What materials should be used for insulation?

Mineral wool. Many builders purchase this particular insulation, since it is not flammable and is made from environmentally friendly components. But when choosing this material, it is worth remembering that during insulation it is necessary to correctly create a waterproofing barrier. If this is not done, mineral wool will begin to deteriorate under the influence of moisture.
Styrofoam. This material is lightweight and low cost. It is quite easy to fix polystyrene foam without the help of professional builders. It is worth noting that it is easily damaged by rodents and loses its properties when exposed to moisture. But when you create a reliable waterproofing barrier, you don’t have to worry about its destruction.
Penoplex. This material can be installed quite simply with your own hands. At the same time, it is resistant to moisture and consists of environmentally friendly components.

How to insulate a house with mineral wool

All work on insulating a house made of expanded clay concrete thermal comfort blocks occurs as follows:

Which method of external thermal insulation to choose?

When creating houses from expanded clay concrete, insulation is carried out in three ways:

in-wall insulation;
ventilated facade;
thermal insulation using the “wet” method.

To understand which of the presented methods is more preferable, it is worth considering the features of each of them.

A ventilated facade is a method in which a frame is constructed, covered with facing material. In this case, the created structure carries an additional load on the wall. Due to the increased weight of the structure, using this method is not recommended.

In-wall insulation involves fixing a layer of insulation to the outside and covering it with decorative material. This method is quite common, but it is worth noting that a fairly large amount of money must be spent on its implementation.

Wet insulation has the following advantages:

helps create a protective layer that helps prevent weathering of expanded clay concrete blocks;
does not create a large load on the walls of the building;
allows you to choose one of many shades of the facade;
When using this method, a small amount of money is spent.

It is worth noting that partitions in a house made of expanded clay concrete blocks are not insulated.

Selecting the type of insulation depending on the characteristics of the structure

If the façade of the house is not finished with anything, you can line the walls with bricks, having first secured the insulation. The effectiveness of this insulation method is quite high. But it is worth noting that this method is used infrequently. This is due to the cost of materials and time spent on cladding.

Also, buildings made of expanded clay concrete are often insulated in a similar way, but instead of brick, other facing materials are used. An example is metal siding. Polystyrene foam often acts as insulation.

Another possible situation is that a house made of expanded clay concrete is already finished with brick, but without a layer of insulation. In this case, you can treat the structure with polyurethane foam.

bouw.ru

How to insulate a house made of expanded clay concrete blocks - Proraboff.rf

The technology for constructing walls made of expanded clay concrete usually involves laying them in two blocks. As a result, the thickness of the walls does not exceed 40 cm. This is completely insufficient to provide high-quality thermal insulation. Therefore, owners have to spend a lot of money on heating their home or endure not the most optimal conditions in winter.

Why thermally insulate a house made of expanded clay concrete?

It cannot be denied that expanded clay concrete blocks have many advantages. One of the most serious is strength. Expanded clay concrete allows you to build reliable and durable buildings without spending too much money. But in terms of thermal insulation characteristics, this material does not show itself in the best possible way.

If you install additional thermal insulation, you can significantly save on heating costs and reduce the thickness of the walls. It is advisable that materials with a thickness of at least 10 cm be used for insulation. The simplest method is to attach ordinary polystyrene foam to the façade side. But it is important to check that between sheet materials there were no stitches left.

How to insulate a house made of expanded clay concrete

Along with such an advantage as strength, expanded clay concrete blocks also show frost resistance and the ability to repel water. Due to this you can use different variants creating a thermal insulation layer. But in order for the insulation to still be of high quality and durable, with any method of creating it, the heat-insulating material must be outside protect with a vapor barrier. It is especially important that vapor barrier materials covered with insulation that can intensively absorb moisture. If there is a decent vapor barrier, the danger of reducing their thermal insulation characteristics will disappear.

What situations are possible

There are two device options expanded clay concrete masonry, which seriously affect thermal insulation measures. It is worth considering them so that you can choose the most successful method of insulating a house made of expanded clay concrete blocks.

1. There is no external cladding of the facade

We are talking about a situation where they are dealing only with a wall made of expanded clay concrete blocks 40 cm thick. There are no facing materials. In this case, you can increase the thermal insulation capabilities of the walls by laying brick cladding. Then it will be possible to place insulation between the expanded clay concrete walls and the brickwork.

Although the effectiveness of this insulation approach is very high, it is still rarely used. This is primarily due to the high cost of facing materials. It will not be possible to build brickwork yourself, and this forces the owners to incur additional costs. Therefore, they often turn to another method of thermal insulation of expanded clay concrete walls without external cladding.

A good option is laying insulation followed by installation cladding panels. The latter can be lining, plastic or metal siding, and so on. In the role of insulation it is quite Styrofoam will do. But it needs to be laid in two layers, if the thickness of each is 5 cm. The foam is placed so that the seams of the second layer do not coincide with the seams of the first layer.

Once the insulation is in place, the siding is installed. Vertical guide profiles forming the frame must be laid under it. In addition to polystyrene foam, mineral wool and other basalt insulation materials can be used as thermal insulation materials. But such a thermal insulation layer must be protected with a vapor barrier.

And there is another method of insulation that can be implemented in in this case. It consists in covering the glued slab insulation with decorative plaster. By slab insulation we mean polystyrene foam, polystyrene foam or penoplex. They are easy to glue to the surface, then secured with dowels in the form of mushrooms.

2. The facade is additionally lined with facing bricks

Most often, buyers of unfinished houses face this situation. In this case, the walls made of expanded clay concrete are additionally lined with brick. But there is no insulation in the layer between the materials. Then you can try treating the walls with polyurethane foam. The procedure begins with making holes in the wall. A polyurethane mixture is supplied through them, which then expands and fills all the cracks.

The use of polyurethane foam is associated with a large number of advantages. This material is not afraid of rodents, copes with moisture, and cannot be affected by mold. The only difficulty is that this kind of material is expensive. Its laying should be entrusted to professionals who have special equipment. This also forces you to make additional expenses.

How to insulate a house made of expanded clay concrete

If the owner has chosen a method of performing thermal insulation, he will need to select suitable insulation. An expanded clay concrete house can be protected from the cold by a variety of thermal insulation materials. These are considered the most successful.

1. Mineral wool

The most serious advantage of mineral wool is environmental friendliness. When insulating a house made of expanded clay concrete from the outside, this material is especially suitable. It is able to counteract the spread of fire and prevent heat loss. The most important thing is that in the process thermal insulation works The mineral wool was also covered with a vapor barrier.

2. Polystyrene foam when insulating the facade

The main advantage of polystyrene foam as a thermal insulation material is its low cost. But this insulation can burn and is often spoiled by insects. If you use polystyrene foam, you must cover the thermal insulation layer reinforced mesh. Then birds, small animals and other pests will not get to the insulation.

3. Penoplex as a material for insulation

To some extent, penoplex is similar to polystyrene foam. But it is more durable, copes well with moisture, is not interesting for insects, and it is very easy to install penoplex. There are no significant gaps left between adjacent slabs of such material. Experts believe that penoplex is best used to insulate the facade of a house made of expanded clay concrete.

Internal insulation of a building made of expanded clay blocks

Construction specialists agree that insulating expanded clay concrete house from the inside - not so much correct solution. The main reason to think this way is the risk of condensation on the walls of the building. This happens due to a shift in the dew point. Another obvious problem is that the expanded clay concrete walls will freeze.

It follows from this that for internal insulation It is better to use some kind of dense material that has a high vapor barrier. To ensure insulation and protection of expanded clay concrete walls from the inside, professionals advise using ordinary plaster. Suitable for both plaster and cement mortar. But there are still differences between these materials.

1. Gypsum plaster. Its weight is less, and its thermal insulation capabilities are higher. But the obvious disadvantage is low adhesion gypsum plaster and expanded clay concrete. Therefore, the owner will first have to carefully prepare the surface.

2. Cement-sand plaster. It is well suited for insulating walls made of expanded clay blocks, since it has exactly the same composition as this material. In addition, cement-sand plaster adheres so well that it seals all the cracks present in the walls.

Using the most successful technology for insulating a house made of expanded clay concrete blocks, the owner will definitely receive excellent result. He just has to remember that high-quality insulation requires a careful approach. By choosing the wrong material or installing it incorrectly, the owner risks worsening the overall condition of the house and reducing its operational period.

Choosing insulation for expanded clay block video

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Insulation of a house made of expanded clay concrete blocks from the outside

Of course, insulation expanded clay concrete house requires increased attention from the person performing similar works- first of all, attention should be paid to the thickness of the walls, which are made at forty centimeters - in two blocks, respectively. Before the start of construction, people try to figure everything out and ask themselves: is it necessary to insulate the expanded clay concrete blocks of walls from the outside?

There is another option, when the structure has already been erected, but in this case a lot of financial resources are wasted on heating. In this case, the owners begin to think about optimization external insulation. Next, it will be shown in detail how insulation of expanded clay concrete walls should occur and what materials are best to use. Let's try to look at all kinds of insulation options in this publication.

How important is insulation?

Is insulation as important as they write about it everywhere on the Internet? There is a lot of information on the Internet - it is no secret that not everything needs to be paid attention to. The vast majority of data, as a rule, relate to the topic and partially reveal it.

First of all, you need to choose the right insulation for expanded clay concrete walls - this is the basis, since success will directly depend on this.

Insulation of a wall made of expanded clay concrete blocks should take place gradually - you should not force things or try to quickly find a replacement for this material.

It is safe to say that in this case, more money will be spent - this is facilitated by an increase in density of approximately ten centimeters.

An alternative to insulating expanded clay concrete walls from the outside is correct application budget options. The most common and, at the same time, budget option is laying foam plastic with outside buildings - indeed, this may be an exception to the rule, but in this aspect maintaining tightness is not even discussed. Between the sheets of insulation remains free place- foam the seams and holes with polyurethane foam.

Is there a difference in the characteristics and thermal conductivity of different wall materials?

Possibilities for wall insulation

Naturally. Nowadays, the world of building materials is updated almost daily - insulating a house from expanded clay blocks from the outside good example. Technologies for insulating expanded clay concrete blocks of walls from the outside differ in different countries - for example, in Spain everything will be done far differently than in Russian Federation.

Modern insulation houses made of expanded clay concrete blocks are distinguished by increased reliability and durability in operation.

Additional benefits resistance to frost temperatures and water resistance are considered. It is thanks to these characteristics that developers even at apartment buildings Such blocks are purchased in large quantities.

Which insulation to choose?

How to insulate expanded clay concrete blocks of walls from the outside with mineral wool, polystyrene foam or penoplex?

Professionals say that of all the above three options, it is advisable to choose mineral wool. This material not only optimizes the insulation of a house made of expanded clay blocks from the outside, but is also completely safe for human health, since it contains exclusively environmentally friendly components.

Fire safety is also very important - the material does not burn, is perfectly able to withstand heat and external loads. If you decide to stick to mineral wool, then try your best the right places cover with a vapor barrier, protecting them from moisture and getting wet.

When insulating walls using polystyrene foam, you must be sure to remember the so-called “unpleasant surprises” - over time, rodents can grow in such material.

Fire hazard and moisture absorption are other disadvantages that often determine the choice of builders in favor of the same mineral wool.

A well-ventilated facade should always be covered with a grille - this is necessary in order to completely eliminate even the theoretical possibility of small animals and birds getting into the insulation. In addition to the low cost of the material, which was mentioned above, its advantages are easy installation and light weight.

The density and strength of penoplex, in comparison with expanded polystyrene, is much higher. The slabs contain locks that minimize the formation of unnecessary gaps. Penoplex itself is lightweight and easy to install.

We humbly believe that this is the most the best option in order to efficiently insulate the walls of almost any home.

onfasad.ru

Features of insulating walls made of expanded clay concrete

It is important to ensure proper thermal insulation of the house. This will prevent premature destruction of supporting structures and reduce heating costs. The building materials market now offers many products for creating wall fencing. They all have different thermal insulation properties. Next, we consider the question of whether insulation of expanded clay concrete external walls is necessary and how to carry it out.

Characteristics of the material from the point of view of thermal engineering

The thermal conductivity of a material strongly depends on its density. Among expanded clay balls the following classification can be given:

Comparative characteristics thermal insulation properties various materials

construction materials - density 1200 - 1800 kg/m3;
structural and thermal insulation - density 500-1000 kg/m3.

The thermal conductivity of structural materials is comparable to conventional ceramic bricks, therefore, according to heating engineering, the wall must have a sufficiently large thickness. Structural and thermal insulation types have characteristics similar to “warm” porous ceramics. In this case, the thickness of the walls of the house turns out to be smaller, but for private housing construction it can be further reduced through the use of effective insulation materials.

Materials for thermal insulation

Manufacturers now offer enough a large assortment heat insulators. To protect walls you can use:

mineral wool (slabs and mats);
Styrofoam;
extruded polystyrene foam (penoplex);
polyurethane foam;
ecowool;
“warm” plaster.

The most common of these methods are mineral wool and expanded polystyrene (foam plastic and penoplex). Their thermal insulation characteristics approximately equal.

Thermal calculation

When purchasing blocks, the manufacturer must always indicate their properties. The calculation determines the thickness; to perform it, a characteristic such as thermal conductivity will be required. There are two ways to perform this calculation:

"manually";
using special programs.

Reduced heat transfer resistance of a wall made of expanded clay concrete compared to other materials

It is not difficult to perform an independent calculation, but for a person who does not have a construction education, it can cause difficulties. It is best to use the simple Teremok program, which works in two modes:

calculating the thickness of one of the layers of the wall structure;
checking the heat transfer resistance if the thickness has already been selected.

To work with the software, you will need the following initial data:

thermal conductivity of expanded clay concrete blocks;
block width;
thermal conductivity of insulation;
insulation thickness (not needed if working with the program in the first mode).

Having selected the values, you can begin insulating the walls of the house.

Work production technology

First of all, you need to determine which side to fasten the material on. Insulating a wall made of expanded clay concrete blocks from the outside is the most competent solution. Work can also be carried out from the inside, but only if fixing the heat insulator from the outside will cause great inconvenience and lead to increased labor and financial costs.

The process of protecting walls with insulation depends on its type. For different materials, the technology has slight differences, so it is worth considering each of them separately.

Mineral wool

Scheme for insulating a wall made of expanded clay concrete blocks with mineral wool

Mineral wool is attached to a pre-installed frame. The work should be done in the following order:

cleaning the wall surface;
fastening vapor barrier;
frame installation;
installation of insulation;
waterproofing;
finishing of the facade with provision of an air-ventilated layer, at least 5 cm thick.

The layer is needed to remove condensation from the insulation, which loses its properties when wet.

Foam plastic and penoplex

The fastening of materials is carried out in the same way. The order of the layers is the same as in the previous case, the only difference is that the installation of a frame and the presence of a ventilated layer are not required. Penoplex is resistant to moisture, so you can do without a vapor barrier. Fastening the outside wall of a house made of expanded clay concrete blocks is carried out simultaneously in two ways:

on special glue for polystyrene foam;
on dowels.

Scheme for insulating a wall made of expanded clay concrete blocks with polystyrene foam

First you should cut the sheets, then try them on for size. After this, glue is applied to the material. You need to glue the polystyrene foam with a bandage so that there are no long vertical seams. Once the gluing is completed, the thermal insulation on the outside of the house is additionally fixed with plastic dowels. How to insulate an apartment on the ground floor

Which basalt insulation better to choose for a frame house

Last time we talked about methods . This material is not only used as bulk thermal insulation, it is also used to make building blocks. They retain heat more effectively than foam concrete, but even this is sometimes not enough. Today we will talk about how to insulate a house made of expanded clay concrete blocks from the outside and how to do it correctly. Also, do not forget that there are situations when internal insulation is needed, for example, in a steam bath.

Which insulation to choose for expanded clay concrete walls

Insulation of expanded clay concrete walls without a ventilation gap (not recommended).

You can choose how to insulate a house made of expanded clay concrete blocks from the outside among:

roll materials;
thermal insulation in slabs;
liquid insulation.

Thermal insulation in rolls is glass wool. Insulation of walls made of expanded clay concrete blocks from the outside with glass wool is carried out along the lathing, which acts as load-bearing structure for future finishing, and also holds the insulator in place. Glass wool has a low density, it is soft and elastic. Thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.038-0.045 W/m*C, high degree of moisture absorption and vapor permeability. The material does not burn or generate dust. It is inexpensive compared to other insulation materials.

Stone (basalt) wool, polystyrene foam, extruded polystyrene foam and penoizol are produced in slabs. Insulation of walls made of expanded clay concrete blocks from the outside with all of the listed materials, except penoizol, can be carried out both over lathing and without it. Penoizol is too soft, so it cannot be laid under the screed.

Before insulating a house made of expanded clay concrete blocks from the outside, let’s compare the thermal insulation characteristics of the slabs:

In terms of price, insulating a house made of expanded clay concrete blocks will be cheaper using stone wool, in second place is polystyrene foam and the most expensive is extruded polystyrene foam. Due to its high cost, XPS is used only where its high specifications. For example, for , blind areas, sometimes basements.

When insulating a house made of expanded clay blocks from the outside, you need to choose the right density of the material.

In the case of installation on a lathing, this value is not so critical, but if plaster is applied over the thermal insulation, then the density of the foam plastic should be about 25 kg/m. cube, and stone wool from 85 kg/m. cube

Liquid thermal insulation is a two-component polyurethane foam and penoizol. The first is with a closed cell structure, and the second is with an open cell structure. Accordingly, polyurethane foam, unlike penoizol, does not allow air to pass through and does not absorb moisture. Thermal conductivity of polyurethane foam is 0.023 W/m*S. Liquid thermal insulation applied by spraying onto the lathing. It is not possible to plaster these materials right away; you definitely need a frame to attach the finish.

Method of insulating an expanded clay concrete house from the outside

Expanded clay concrete walls can be insulated with foam plastic according to the method wet facade.

Let's consider two options for insulating expanded clay concrete walls from the outside. The first is the installation of thermal insulation with preliminary construction wooden frame. This method is called a ventilated facade. The second is the installation of insulation boards under the plaster. The method is called wet facade.

Insulation of a wall made of expanded clay concrete blocks using the ventilated facade method allows you to reduce the heating of the room in the summer. So in the house all year round will comfortable temperature. The essence of the method is that between thermal insulation and exterior decoration there was a ventilated gap in which air always circulates from bottom to top. It simultaneously cools the façade finishing in summer and carries away steam that escapes from the room through the walls and thermal insulation.

Installation work is carried out in accordance with the following rules:

there should be no air pockets between the insulation and the wall;
thermal insulation in slabs or rolls is placed between the sheathing;
glue is used for fastening to the wall;
a wind barrier is laid on top of the thermal insulation or diffusion membrane(vapor barrier cannot be used);
the counter-lattice is filled with bars with a cross-section of 15 mm or more.

You can attach any finish to the counter-lattice, for example, vinyl siding or blockhouse. There should be gaps at the bottom and top of the finish so that air can penetrate under it. Creating conditions for convection is important aspect during the construction of a ventilated facade.

Insulation of expanded clay concrete walls of a house using the wet facade method does not require the construction of an additional load-bearing structure.

Thermal insulation boards are attached directly to the wall using universal construction adhesive. During installation, the principle of brickwork must be observed, that is, the seams of adjacent levels should not coincide. The slabs are additionally secured with plastic mushroom dowels, 4-5 pieces per slab. Immediately on top of the insulation, the first layer of plaster is applied, which is reinforced with fiberglass mesh before drying, the ends are closed with corners.

After the first layer of plaster has dried, you can apply the second, finishing layer. It can be made smooth or with indentations, the so-called bark beetle. Finally the finish is primed and painted. In addition to following the technology, you need to calculate the thickness of the insulation for walls made of expanded clay concrete blocks. To do this, the easiest way is to use an online calculator on one of the resources of heat-insulating material manufacturers.

Insulation of a bathhouse made of expanded clay concrete blocks

In a steam bath you should use only environmentally friendly materials.

There are some features from expanded clay concrete blocks. This applies to the thermal insulation of the steam room, which is insulated from the inside. In all other rooms, it is preferable to install thermal insulation from the outside, using one of the methods presented above. In the steam sauna heat and a large amount of moisture in the air. These factors influence which insulation is best for expanded clay concrete blocks.

Definitely, you need to choose among mineral wool, since only they are non-flammable thermal insulation materials. But at the same time, mineral wool is largely susceptible to moisture, so this disadvantage must be compensated for by laying a vapor barrier. In this capacity you need to use with or without a polyethylene foam cushion. Foil insulation not only does not allow steam to pass through, it also absorbs IR rays, of which there are a lot in the steam room.

Insulation is carried out using lathing, stages of work:

the sheathing is attached;
mineral wool is laid at random;
foil insulation is attached, the joints are taped with aluminum-coated tape;
the counter-lattice is stuffed;
installation of wooden lining.

The foil vapor barrier is visible with the reflective side facing towards the steam room. Between foil and wooden clapboard there must be at least a 15 mm gap. The air buffer zone does not have to be ventilated, the main thing is its presence.