Insulation of a panel house from inside the apartment. Insulating a panel house - nuances you didn’t know

If your house or apartment is cold and uncomfortable in the cold, and you continue to pay huge sums for heating, then it’s worth considering whether there is a reason why the heat is not retained indoors. The simplest assumption is that heat escapes through the walls.

But internal insulation usually carried out only in extreme cases, for example, when authorities impose a ban on changing the facade. If behind the wall there is a seam between buildings, then external thermal insulation will also be impossible. Sometimes this approach cannot be implemented when there is an elevator shaft behind the wall or unheated room, to which there is no access.

Features of insulation from the inside

If you are faced with the question of how to insulate walls brick house from the inside, then you must remember that the main problem when carrying out such work is the fact that the wall may begin to freeze even more. This causes the dew point to shift as moisture begins to condense, moving onto the wall surface. Condensation causes dampness, which destroys materials and the finishing layer. All this contributes to the deterioration thermal insulation properties insulation, and heat loss turns out to be even higher; high humidity is added to this problem.

Brick walls are subject to greater destruction. In order to avoid this, you should choose insulation materials that have minimal vapor permeability and no moisture absorption. During installation, there should be no joints or seams between the panels through which condensed moisture could penetrate into the premises. These criteria are not suitable:

• liquid ceramics;
• mineral wool;
• drywall;
• cork covering;
• warm plaster.

The last option can only be used on final stage. Moisture-absorbing fibrous and vapor-permeable materials are not suitable for thermal insulation of walls from the inside. It is better to avoid expanded polystyrene, because with it it is quite difficult to achieve proper joining of the material to the walls without using a solution. The joints between the canvases will play an important role in reducing the tightness.

What to consider before starting insulation

Before you insulate a wall from the inside with your own hands, you must make sure that it is as dry as possible. The insulation must have minimal vapor permeability and high moisture resistance. The wall must be protected with hydro- and vapor barrier. The insulation layer should not have cracks, joints or gaps.

If you want to insulate the walls of an apartment from the inside in a panel house, then as one of good decisions the construction of another wall indoors is in progress. It should fit tightly with the outer one or be separated from it by an air gap. Sometimes a layer of thermal insulation is placed between these surfaces, which acts as a buffer. But such measures reduce the usable area of ​​the room to 7 m3.

Material selection

Before starting work, you should ask yourself the question of how to insulate the walls of the house from the inside. For example, polyurethane foam allows you to create a moisture-resistant barrier with high thermal insulation properties. The problem can only be expressed in the method of application. Initially, the material is a foamed liquid that quickly hardens. To form a level base and sufficient thickness, formwork should be installed, filling inner space in parts. Using wireframes will not produce results. Elements of such a system made of metal or wood can also become sources of dampness.

After forming the surface of the insulating layer, it is necessary to install hydro and vapor protection. For this, polyethylene film is used, which is fixed to adjacent walls, floor and ceiling using slats. Gluing is carried out with mastic or sealant.

Polyurethane foam has low strength and density. This indicates that the subsequent finishing cladding and plastering will be impossible to implement. To do this, it is necessary to build plasterboard walls, which are erected on a frame and fixed to the adjacent wall, floor and ceiling. in this case it will be located at the junction of polyurethane foam and the wall or in the thickness of the thermal insulation.

Insulation using a double wall

If you want to insulate a wall in an apartment from the inside, then you can use the technology “ Double wall" The warm floor will act as a thermal barrier. Installed on the wall surface heating elements. Heating can only be turned on when very coldy to warm up the inner surface of the wall and shift the dew point.

For normal finishing of the room, a second wall made of plasterboard or brick is installed. The insulation is mounted on the false wall from the side of the opening. This option will save you in severe frosts and prevent destruction, as well as the formation of dampness. But you will spend a lot of money on electricity. This is due to the fact that you will heat not only the volume of air in the room, but also the street.

Using penoplex

If you still haven’t decided how to insulate the walls of your house from the inside, you can use expanded polystyrene or penoplex. Due to the fact that it does not meet the characteristics for carrying out such work, it is necessary to pay special attention installation work. The material is smooth sheets of dense material. Joints will certainly form between them during the installation process. It will not be possible to get rid of them completely, so you will have to apply a layer of sealant to the ends.

The technology of applying the solution in separate cakes should be abandoned. This is due to the fact that as a result, air chambers are formed where condensation accumulates. In this case, water finds cracks to escape into the room. The only option would be to apply glue to the entire sheet and tightly adhere the material to the wall over the entire area. Before applying the solution, it is necessary to use a needle roller to treat the surface of the material. This will ensure the best penetration of the solution. This is especially true for the option with penoplex.

This method of fastening will require leveling the wall. Use regular cement-sand mortar it is forbidden. It is better to use a mixture that forms a moisture-proof layer. From use anchors should also be abandoned. This is explained by the fact that leaky transitions will form in the places where they are installed.

If you plan to use the mesh reinforcement method and will apply plaster over foam plastic, then the structure should be reinforced with profiles that are located between the insulation sheets and fixed at the top and bottom to the floor and ceiling.

Work order

If you decide to insulate a wall in an apartment from the inside, then after choosing a specific method of carrying out the work, you must bring the surface to ideal condition. To do this, the old coating in the form of cladding, decorative elements, paint and wallpaper is removed from the base. The plaster is also removed. You must see concrete slab or brickwork.

The surface should be cleaned of dust and dirt using a broom and vacuum cleaner. Special attention should be given to places where the walls were especially damp. Before insulating the wall from the inside, it should be treated with an antiseptic and coated with a primer. After each operation, the base is left until it dries.

It should be primed with a deep-penetrating compound. If you plan to use foam plastic or heating elements, then the wall is plastered and leveled. In this process, you can use water repellents, ready-made mixtures for finishing swimming pools and bathrooms. In this case, the plastering method using beacons is suitable. The technology is relevant if the magnitude of the differences is more than 10 mm.

The layer of plaster should dry within several days. This is the only way the material will gain normal strength. This process should not be accelerated by heaters. The surface of the plaster is primed again. This step should be omitted if we are talking about concrete walls that are smooth. In the case of them, you can seal the joints with a moisture-resistant solution, mastic or sealant.

Insulation process

Quite often, home craftsmen are faced with the question of how to insulate a wall from the inside. In each case the technology will be different. Some nuances have been described above. After installing the thermal insulation layer, a drying period follows. Only then can you begin installing the second wall, where a finishing layer such as tiles, wallpaper, paint or cork will be applied.

To install plasterboard boards, you must form a frame. The slabs will be attached to the ceiling, floor and walls. There should be a gap of 5 cm between the thermal insulation and the wall. If you want to use polystyrene foam high density, then you can limit yourself to applying reinforcing mesh and plastering. But durability and results will depend on the quality of foam installation. The joints between the sheets must be coated with sealant, and the sheets are fixed to an evenly thin layer of mortar.

Insulation of a corner apartment with mineral wool

If you were among those who wondered how to insulate corner wall from the inside, then you can use mineral wool as a material for the work. It consists of natural fibers, is environmentally friendly and is made from rocks by melting them. The fabrics of this thermal insulation have low weight, excellent sound insulation and low thermal conductivity. Mineral wool ready to serve for quite a long time, and is installed on the wall between the guides made of metal profile or pieces of wood.

How to insulate a wall from the inside? This question is quite relevant for residents of corner apartments. When installing mineral wool on walls, you must take care of waterproofing. This is important, because a moistened heat insulator loses its properties. Before installation, the walls are covered with a moisture-proof film. You can make the frame from wooden slats, the distance between which will be equal to the width of the insulation board. You need to subtract about 2 cm from this value.

After laying the mineral wool, it is followed by a layer of vapor barrier or superdiffusion membrane. Slats are packed onto the guides, which will create an air gap, which is necessary for moisture to evaporate from the superdiffusion membrane. Drywall or plywood is placed on the slats. It is better to work with mineral wool wearing glasses and gloves, as well as a respirator.

Insulation of a corner apartment using polystyrene foam

If you are concerned about the question of how to insulate a wall in a corner apartment from the inside, then for this you can also use polystyrene foam. It is more common because it is easy to install and its cost is affordable. For your apartment, you can purchase expanded polystyrene, which contains substances that prevent ignition. Before laying the slabs on the leveled wall, apply liquid waterproofing. Tile adhesive should be applied to the insulation sheets. The tool used for this is a comb spatula.

After filling the entire area of ​​the wall, a mounting mesh is glued on top, which is covered with putty. Once it has dried, the surface can be wallpapered or painted. Before you insulate a wall from the inside, you should think about what material to use. If you use foam plastic or penoplex, then fungus and mold can form between the moisture-proof layer and the wall. This also applies to foil penofol. This is due to the fact that the wall is panel or brick house stops breathing, and in conditions of a cold circuit and access to moisture, it begins to become covered with condensation.

Insulation using drywall

If you want to solve the problem of how to insulate a brick wall from the inside, you can use a technology that involves the use of plasterboard. This method is fast and simple. A distance of 3 cm should be maintained from the rough surface to the front base. As this space increases, more insulation will fit into the voids of the structure. This method is great for large premises, because the wall thickens during the installation of thermal insulation.

The process begins with the installation of a frame made of metal profiles. They are removed 2 cm from the wall. The frame must be made of galvanized profile. A tape is glued to the base of the elements to isolate the surface from the plaster. This will protect the drywall from the cold, which is transmitted through the metal profile. Mineral wool is placed into the cavity of the frame, and the layer between the wall and the drywall will also become insulation.

The next step is to install the drywall. When insulating rooms with high humidity You should not save money - it is better to purchase moisture-resistant material. At the final stage, the slabs are finished with wallpaper.

Thermal insulation in a panel house

How to insulate panel wall from the inside - this is a pressing question that interests many apartment owners. To carry out the work, you can use plaster. If we are talking about brickwork, then you will be able to complete the work in a short time. The material is laid in three layers, each of which is well dried.

At the first stage, the composition is applied by spraying. This will fill in all the bumps and crevices. The thickness does not exceed 10 mm. The main stage is the application of a 5 cm thick primer layer. The effectiveness of thermal insulation will depend on the quality of this stage.

If you want to know how to insulate a wall in a panel house from the inside, you can use polystyrene foam. Even a beginner can handle its installation. But although mineral wool is excellent option, but takes up more space. It has one important advantage, which is expressed in the fact that during the fixation process the material does not need a prepared layer of plaster.

September 3, 2016
Specialization: facade finishing, interior decoration, construction of cottages, garages. Experience of an amateur gardener and gardener. We also have experience in repairing cars and motorcycles. Hobbies: playing the guitar and many other things that I don’t have time for :)

IN Lately With the constant increase in energy prices, people are striving to insulate their apartments. This procedure really allows you to save on heating and make your home more comfortable, but at the same time it must be performed correctly so as not to encounter a number of problems later. Therefore, in this article we will look at how to insulate the walls of an apartment inside, and whether there is any point in doing this at all.

Is it worth insulating walls from the inside?

It is, of course, much easier to insulate walls from the inside than from the outside. However, I would like to point out right away that this is far from The best decision for several reasons:

• After installing thermal insulation, the walls will stop warming up altogether, as a result of which will form between them and the wall. This in turn can lead to the formation of mold and even cracks on the walls;
• when the insulation is located from the inside, it is not possible to insulate the ceiling, as a result the ceiling also turns out to be “cold”, and condensation can form on it;
• insulation from the inside takes away living space . IN big apartment this, of course, will be practically unnoticeable, but for the “Khrushchev”, where everyone counts square centimeter, the usable area is reduced significantly.

This raises the question - why carry out internal insulation at all if it has so many shortcomings? The fact is that it is not always possible to insulate the walls from the outside. For example, if the facade of your house faces a central city street or square, then local authorities are unlikely to allow you to change its appearance.

In addition, sometimes it is not possible to carry out external insulation for technical reasons, for example, if the wall is adjacent to an unheated elevator shaft. Thus, it makes sense to insulate the walls from the inside in an apartment in the following cases:

• if it is not possible to place the insulation outside;
• if internal insulation is used as an addition to external insulation. Even additional insulation on the walls it will be quite thin - it will become much more comfortable inside the home.

After insulating the walls from the inside, it is necessary to ensure high-quality ventilation of the room, since the apartment essentially turns into a large sealed thermos. This in turn will lead to increased humidity and deterioration of the microclimate.

In other cases, it is better to insulate the apartment from the outside.

Insulation technology

The process of insulating walls with your own hands from the inside includes several stages:

Each of these stages has its own nuances, which we will look at below.

Preparation of materials

Insulation work must, of course, begin with the preparation of materials. Since people are often interested in what is the best way to insulate a home from the inside, I will say a few words about insulation.

In principle, you can use any thermal insulation material, since the degree of thermal conductivity varies slightly between them. However, it should be borne in mind that the material will not be located in the home, but outside it. Therefore, it is better to refuse polystyrene foam, but mineral wool is good decision– this heat insulator is much more environmentally friendly, and also fireproof.

In addition to insulation, you will need the following materials:

• vapor barrier film - prevents moisture from penetrating into the insulation. If it is not used, the insulation will become saturated with water, which entails a number of negative consequences;

• material for mounting the frame - this can be wooden beams or boards. However, most often they use a regular profile for installation. In this case, you will also need brackets and guides;
• plasterboard or other material for covering the frame (lining, plastic panels, etc.)

To purchase all these materials, you need to first calculate the square footage of the walls. Knowing the price of each material, you can calculate the costs of internal insulation in advance.

Preparing the walls

So, we figured out how to insulate the walls of an apartment from the inside. Now let's get to work.

As mentioned above, before insulating a wall from the inside in an apartment, it must be prepared. This is done as follows:

1. first of all, it is necessary to remove the old covering from the wall - wallpaper, tiles, etc. If the wall is covered gypsum putty or plaster, it is also advisable to remove it.
   As mentioned above, moisture will form between the wall and the insulation, as a result of which the plaster will become wet, and this will not lead to anything good. You can remove the plaster using a chisel and hammer or a hammer drill turned on in impact mode.

1. then be sure to treat the wall with antiseptic agents that will prevent mold from occurring. Instructions for using drugs are usually included on the packaging.

To achieve maximum effect from insulation, it is necessary to insulate the ceiling, i.e. ceiling that will be adjacent to the frozen wall. This can be done wet method– glue the mineral wool slabs and additionally secure them with dowels. The surface of the insulation is plastered, on our portal you can get detailed information about how this is done.

This completes the preparation process.

Arranging a ventilation gap

The process of arranging a ventilation gap is carried out at the stage of waterproofing the walls. It should be noted that many construction sites offer thermal insulation from the inside without a ventilation gap.

The big disadvantage of such a scheme is that moisture inevitably forms between the wall and the insulation, which does not go away, which leads to the destruction of the wall. Therefore, it is better to refuse its implementation.

The arrangement of the ventilation gap is carried out in the following sequence:

1. attach to the walls wooden slats about two centimeters thick. They can be placed horizontally in increments of about a meter. You can attach the slats to the walls with dowel nails.
   The slats must be pre-treated protective composition so that they do not rot in a humid environment;
2. then you need to make several vents in the wall to make the ventilation gap work. To do this, drill holes with a diameter of about 20 mm. To prevent the holes from becoming clogged, they must be protected with a mesh;
3. then a vapor barrier film is attached to the resulting sheathing. Moreover, it should be positioned stretched so that a ventilation gap is formed between the wall and the film.

To drill holes from the inside in a panel house for dowel-nails, you should use a hammer drill with a Pobedit drill.

Frame installation

The frame is vertical racks, which are located in increments equal to the width of the heat insulator slabs. To ensure that the insulation fits securely to the studs, the step between them can be made even a centimeter less than the width of the insulation.

The frame assembly process is as follows:

1. First of all, mark the walls according to which the racks and guides will be located. It should be noted that the distance between the wall (vapor barrier in our case) and the guides that will be mounted on the ceiling and floor must be no less than the thickness of the heat insulator so that the insulation can fit inside the frame;
2. Next, brackets are attached to the vapor barrier slats according to the markings, which will hold the racks. Multiple brackets should be used for each rack. For installation of the latter, self-tapping screws are usually used;
3. then guides for the racks are attached to the floor and ceiling. They must be located exactly opposite each other so that the racks stand vertically. Therefore, before installing them, you should make sure that the markings are accurate;
4. Next, the racks are inserted into the guides and fixed with brackets, as shown in the diagram above.

To cut a metal profile, you can use special metal scissors.

The same principle is used to install a frame made of beams. The only thing is that in this case, guides are not used, so the racks are installed simply according to the markings.

Installation of insulation is extremely simple - if the racks are positioned correctly, then the mineral wool slabs are simply inserted between them, and no additional fixation is required. The only thing to avoid cold bridges is to fill the space between the wall and the studs with insulation.

To do this, you can cut the mineral wool into strips of the required sizes. You can cut the slabs with a regular hacksaw.

Mineral wool fibers getting on the skin and especially the eyes cause severe irritation. Therefore, when working with it, use personal protective equipment.

If gaps form between the mineral wool slabs, they must also be filled with insulation. In addition, it is necessary to ensure a tight fit of the mineral wool to the floor and ceiling. I note that these, at first glance, little things should not be neglected, since the effectiveness of insulation largely depends on them.

After the insulation has been laid, another layer of vapor barrier should be secured to the frame. If the frame is wooden, then you can use a construction stapler to fix it.

If the frame is metal, the vapor barrier can be temporarily fixed with tape. Subsequently, the film will be secured with the covering material.

On forums, people are often interested in how to insulate a wall from the inside in a corner apartment? In fact, the technology is no different.

Frame covering

As a rule, the frame in an apartment is covered with plasterboard. Therefore, finally, I will briefly describe the technology of its installation and further finishing:

1. work should begin by cutting drywall into sheets of suitable size. To do this, apply markings to the sheets, then cut the cardboard on one side along the marked line with a mounting knife, then break the sheet, and then cut the cardboard on the other side;
2. the prepared sheets should be attached to the frame using self-tapping screws, which should be located at a distance of 5-10 cm from each other. The caps of the screws must be recessed;

1. then at the joints of the sheets you need to cut a chamfer 5 mm wide. If the end is rounded, there is no need to cut the chamfer;
2. then a special self-adhesive mesh is glued to the seams between the sheets;

1. then the heads of the screws and the joints between the sheets are covered with gypsum putty;
2. After this, the entire surface of the walls is puttied. On our portal you can find detailed information on how to properly perform puttying;
3. then the surface is polished with a special grater, onto which a mesh is put:
4. after this another layer is applied finishing putty and final sanding is performed.

Sanding must be done in bright light. In this case, you will see all the flaws that need to be eliminated.

This completes the process of covering and finishing the wall. Now you can paint it or, for example, put wallpaper on it.

If lining is used as cladding or wooden panels, then they are simply attached to the frame with self-tapping screws. Accordingly, it takes much less time to cover.

Here, in fact, is all the information on how to insulate the walls of an apartment from the inside with your own hands.

Conclusion

I told you how to insulate walls inside with minimal negative consequences. Therefore, do not try to simplify the process and deviate from the technology outlined above. Compliance with it will allow you to make your apartment truly warm and cozy.

See the video in this article for more information. If you encounter any difficulties during the insulation process or some points are unclear to you, ask questions in the comments, and I will be happy to answer you.

September 3, 2016

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September 6, 2016
Specialization: facade finishing, interior finishing, construction of summer houses, garages. Experience of an amateur gardener and gardener. We also have experience in repairing cars and motorcycles. Hobbies: playing the guitar and many other things that I don’t have time for :)

Thermal insulation properties of concrete panel houses leave much to be desired, since they are very hot in summer and cold in winter, which leads to increased energy costs for heating. This problem can be solved by thermal insulation of the walls, however, this issue must be approached competently. Therefore, next I will tell you how to properly perform thermal insulation panel house.

Insulation options

Thermal insulation of a panel house implies, first of all, insulation of the walls. Moreover, it is advisable to perform this operation outside, in which case the walls will be really warm. If this is not possible, for example, if you do not have permission to change appearance facade or an apartment is adjacent to an unheated room that cannot be insulated (elevator shaft, entrance, etc.), then insulation can be done from the inside.

In all other cases, it is better to refuse internal insulation for the following reasons:

• internal insulation takes away usable space in the apartment;
• after thermal insulation, the walls stop heating altogether, which can lead to the formation of cracks;
• forms on the surface, which can lead to the formation of mold;
• there is no possibility of insulating the ceiling, which is adjacent to the cold walls and serves as a cold bridge.

Thus, insulating walls from the inside can be considered only as a last resort. However, below I will talk about the nuances of thermal insulation in both cases.

External insulation

First of all, let's look at how to insulate walls from the outside. This process can be divided into several stages:

It must be said that almost every stage contains its own nuances, on which the final result depends. Therefore, all work must be performed with special responsibility, from beginning to end.

Preparation of materials

First of all, you need to decide on the insulation. For these purposes, the following materials are most often used:

• expanded polystyrene (foam plastic) - quite cheap and lightweight material. Disadvantages include fire hazard. It should be noted that for external insulation, foam plastic with a density of at least 18 kg/m3 can be used;

• mineral wool is environmentally friendly and more durable material, which resists the combustion process. The disadvantages of mineral wool include more high price, as well as the inconvenience of working with it - if it comes into contact with the skin, mineral wool fibers cause irritation.

The density of mineral wool for facade insulation must be at least 85 kg/m3.

The thickness of the insulation must be at least 100 mm. In northern regions, it is better to use 150 mm thick insulation.

In addition to insulation, you will also need the following materials:

• adhesive for insulation - usually selected depending on the type thermal insulation material However, there are also universal compositions;
• inter-seam insulation for panel houses - most often polyurethane foam is used for these purposes;
• plastic umbrella dowels;
• universal primer;
• fiberglass reinforcement mesh;
• aluminum perforated corners;
• decorative facade plaster;
• facade paint.

Preparing the walls

So, before you insulate the walls from the outside, they need to be prepared. This is done as follows:

1. start by removing the old coating. As a rule, panel houses are covered with tiles, which begin to lag over time. In this case, the tile must be dismantled;
2. then the surface of the walls should be cleaned of dust and dirt;
3. Next you need to insulate the seams. Often, in order to insulate seams in panel houses, they must first be expanded.
   After this, be sure to clean them from dust and moisten them. Prepared seams should be filled polyurethane foam. You can also use putty for these purposes;
4. After the foam hardens, it must be cut off so that it does not protrude above the surface of the walls.

If work needs to be done at height, it is better to entrust it to specialists who have all the necessary climbing equipment.

After preparing the walls, you can begin installing the insulation.

Installation of insulation

Insulation installation instructions are as follows:

1. First of all, you need to dilute the glue in water and mix it thoroughly. How this is done is indicated on the packaging with the composition;
2. then the glue must be applied to the insulation using a notched trowel. If the surface of the walls is uneven, it is better to apply the glue in lumps, which will allow you to adjust the position of the insulation relative to the wall;

1. Now the insulation needs to be glued to the wall. Start working from the corner, performing installation in rows from bottom to top, and thermal insulation should be positioned so that the ceiling is also insulated.
   To glue the insulation, press it against the wall and check the position building level;
2. then glue the insulation on the opposite side in exactly the same way, and stretch the twine along the first row. taut thread will serve as a beacon for other thermal insulation slabs;
3. then glue the remaining insulation boards of the first row along the lighthouse;
4. then the second row of insulation is installed according to the same scheme. The only thing is to position it offset relative to the first row, i.e. according to the principle of brickwork.
   If you are insulating a corner room from the outside, then it is also necessary to ensure that the insulation is bandaged at the corner, as shown in the diagram below;

1. According to this principle, the entire surface of the walls is insulated;
2. Now you need to install the dowels. To do this, drill holes directly through the insulation to the required depth, then insert “umbrellas” into them and drive in the expansion pins. Keep in mind that the dowel heads should be slightly recessed into the insulation.

Pay special attention to the location of the dowels - they should be installed between the joints of the insulation at the corners, as well as one - two dowels in the center of each insulation;

1. To complete the work, it is necessary to paste over the window openings. To do this, cut the insulation into panels about 3 cm thick and glue them around the perimeter, thus creating slopes.

To cut the insulation, use a regular wood saw.

This completes the insulation installation process.

Preparation for reinforcement

Before proceeding with reinforcement, it is necessary to prepare the surface of the thermal insulation by performing the following steps:

1. use the long rule by applying it to the walls in different areas. If lumps are found, they must be rubbed with a special grater.;
2. Also at this stage, make sure that all the dowels are recessed into the insulation, otherwise they need to be finished off. If it is not possible to deepen the dowel, it must be cut off with a mounting knife and a new one installed next to it;
3. after that, glue the perforated aluminum corners to all external corners and slopes, using the same glue for the insulation;
4. if there are gaps between the insulation boards, they must be filled with small pieces of thermal insulation or special foam;
5. To complete the work, apply glue to the heads of the screws, as well as the joints of the insulation boards.

The result should be a smooth wall surface that can be plastered.

Reinforcement

Insulation reinforcement is carried out as follows:

1. start work with slope reinforcement. To do this, cut the mesh into sheets of the required sizes, taking into account that it should be placed with a turn at the corners and an overlap of about 10 cm;
2. after that, apply glue to the surface of the slope a few millimeters thick and attach the mesh to it. You need to run a spatula across the canvas so that the mesh sinks into the glue. Do the work as carefully as possible so that the end result is smooth surface ;
3. after the surface has dried, the glue is applied again and carefully leveled with a spatula, as if you were puttingty;
4. Now the walls should be reinforced using the same principle. As a result, you should have a smooth surface suitable for applying decorative plaster.

Padding

Before covering the facade with decorative plaster, the surface of the walls should be treated with a primer. This is done like this:

1. shake the façade thoroughly and pour it into a special tray for a paint roller;
2. then dip the roller into the tray and apply it to the wall. Try to do the work carefully so that there are no soil drips;
3. After the surface has dried, the primer must be applied again.

Now you can start applying decorative plaster.

Plaster

Decorative plaster is applied very simply and quickly:

1. First, dilute the mixture in water and stir. Detailed instructions available on the packaging;
2. Next, use a narrow roller to roll the plaster onto a small trowel or a wide spatula and apply it evenly to the wall. thin layer. The thickness of the layer depends on the size of the filler fraction;
3. When the plaster on the wall begins to set (thicken), the surface needs to be rubbed with trowel to give it a certain texture. Malka can be made in a circular or reciprocal manner forward movements in a vertical or horizontal position;
4. According to this principle, the entire prepared surface of the facade is covered.

Apply within one wall decorative plaster necessary in one go, i.e. without interruption. Otherwise, the transition border will be noticeable.

Painting

The final stage of work is painting, which is carried out as follows:

1. The paint needs to be shaken and, if necessary, tinted. You can find out in detail how coloring is performed on our portal;
2. after this, paint must be poured into the roller tray and the roller itself must be dipped into it;
3. now apply the coating in a uniform thin layer, avoiding its spreading and splashing;
4. hard-to-reach places should be touched up with a paint brush;
5. After a few hours, when the paint has dried, the procedure must be repeated again.

At this point, the work on external wall insulation is completed.

Internal insulation

Insulation from the inside can include not only thermal insulation of walls, but also floors and even ceilings. Therefore, next we will consider the nuances of insulation of all these surfaces.

Floor insulation

To insulate the floor you will have to concrete screed on top of the insulation. This work is carried out in the following sequence:

1. first of all, prepare the floor - clear it of debris, if necessary, remove the finishing coating;
2. then cover the floor with waterproofing film, placing the sheets overlapping and folding over the walls;
3. Then thermal insulation is laid on top of the waterproofing. This can be either mineral wool or polystyrene foam;
4. then another layer should be laid on top of the thermal insulation waterproofing film. To ensure maximum tightness, seal the joints with tape.;
5. Now you need to pour the screed on top of the insulation according to the standard scheme. The only thing is that you should not use reinforcing mesh so as not to damage the waterproofing. It is better to perform reinforcement by adding special fiber to the solution.

If you don’t want to deal with wet work, you can do a dry screed yourself. To do this, cover the floor with a layer of expanded clay, level it along the beacons, and lay special panels for dry screed on top.

Wall insulation

Insulate cold wall from the inside it is best to use a dry method. This operation will be performed in the following sequence:

1. First of all, prepare the wall for insulation - clean off the old finish, if necessary, seal the cracks with putty. In addition, be sure to treat the surface antiseptic, preventing the occurrence of mold;
2. A vapor barrier film must be attached to the prepared wall. To do this, you can use screws with wide heads or even wooden slats;
3. Now you need to mount a frame for attaching drywall or other finishing material ( plastic panels, lining, etc.). To do this, as usual, attach the guides to the floor and ceiling, and the distance from them to the wall should be a centimeter greater than the thickness of the insulation;
4. then insert the posts into the guides and secure them with brackets. At this stage, check the position of the racks with a building level. The distance between the racks should be such that the insulation fits closely into the space between them, leaving no gaps;

1. Next, the space in the resulting frame needs to be filled with insulation. The latter should fit tightly not only to the racks, but also to the ceiling and floor;
2. Now you need to attach another layer to the frame vapor barrier film. To do this, you can use profiles that are attached to the frame with self-tapping screws;
3. At the end of the work, attach it to the frame using self-tapping screws finishing material. On our portal you can find detailed information on how to install drywall, plastic panels and other finishing materials.

If you want to completely insulate the room, you need to place thermal insulation on the ceiling. The installation principle remains the same, with the only difference being that the frame is attached to the ceiling, not the walls.

If your apartment has a balcony or loggia, the room can also be insulated and even heated. In this case, you can use the additional space as living space.

Before insulating a balcony in a panel house, all surfaces must be treated with an antifungal compound, since mold often appears here.

This is, perhaps, all the information regarding how insulation of panel houses is carried out.

Conclusion

Insulation of panel houses, as you can see, has quite a lot of nuances that must be taken into account during the work process. However, in general, this procedure is quite simple, which every home craftsman can handle. The only exception is those cases when the work needs to be done at height - do not risk your life, it is better not to spare money and seek help from specialists.

See the video in this article for more information. If you have any questions regarding the insulation of a panel house, ask them in the comments, and I will be happy to answer you.

September 6, 2016

If you want to express gratitude, add a clarification or objection, or ask the author something - add a comment or say thank you!

You should think about how to insulate a wall in a corner apartment from the inside even before the onset of winter frosts. Many people, especially residents of the northern regions, are well aware that they should not rely on the heating system at home. Therefore, it is best to prepare tools and materials in advance and insulate the corner apartment yourself. Moreover, doing this is not as difficult as it seems.

Why insulate corner apartments?

Despite the rapid growth in the number of modern residential complexes, many Russians still live in outdated Khrushchev buildings. These buildings are distinguished by their old heating systems and cannot withstand sudden weather changes. First of all, residents of corner apartments suffer from this. With the first cold snap, their homes become cold, because cool air very quickly penetrates the cracks in the walls of buildings. Another important reason for the need to install insulation lies in the layout of corner apartments. In them, not one, but two walls border the street, which further aggravates the situation of the residents. In such situations, even the presence of batteries and additional heaters cannot save the inhabitants.

Due to severe frosts, the corners of adjacent walls of the room freeze over. As a result, plaster and wallpaper come away from the surface, which causes mold and mildew to appear. IN corner rooms becomes very damp and forms bad smell, interfering with a normal life. Unable to withstand such conditions, sooner or later people ask the question: “How to insulate corner bedroom or living room?" With this necessary procedure, you can not only make your stay more comfortable, but also save on heating. Plus, the residents of the house will be protected from dangerous fungi that cause asthma and other diseases of the respiratory system.

Choosing a material - mineral wool or polystyrene foam?

Today, in order to, there is a mass various materials. They are classified into those that are used for installation outside and those that are intended for installation inside the house. It is worth remembering that there is no universal material, because each of the insulation materials has its own advantages and disadvantages. Among the main requirements for materials are:

• high thermal conductivity;
• airtightness;
• ability to absorb moisture;
• appropriate environmental friendliness;
• flammability resistance;
• long service life.

Using sheathing

To have an idea of ​​the properties of the most popular materials, it is worth considering each of them in more detail. Mineral wool has long been considered the most popular insulation material. The main raw material for the production of this insulation is basalt. The material is one of the products with a low degree of flammability. Even if the product starts to burn, it does not emit acrid smoke that can somehow harm a person.

Installing mineral wool does not require any skills. This material is very pliable and plastic; it presses tightly against the wall and does not lag behind it for a long time. However, after certain time The cotton wool absorbs moisture and begins to deform. In addition, research has revealed that the material contains a small proportion of substances that are harmful to the human respiratory tract. Among other disadvantages, it is worth highlighting the large mass of the product, which makes it difficult to install alone.

Another popular material is polystyrene foam or, as it is also called, expanded polystyrene. This is polystyrene well beaten with a powerful mixer, cooled to low temperatures. The prices for this product are very low, and installation does not require skills or much physical effort. The lion's share of the material's composition is ordinary air, so it is absolutely harmless to the health of residents. This insulation is one of the few that can be used both outside and inside a building. The reason is resistance to temperature changes from -170 to +60 °C.

The insulation can be installed on various surfaces. There is no need to use special fasteners. Another advantage of the material is its long service life. In addition to its advantages, insulation also has its disadvantages. Thus, the material cannot be used for installation in wooden building, since it produces inside it a large number of condensate However, the product works great in a brick building or in buildings built from concrete blocks.

Installation of insulation inside a panel building - where to start?

Features of installing the material may vary slightly depending on the type of building. The first option we will consider is panel construction. In the rooms of a corner apartment, first of all, you need to clean the surfaces. Therefore, it is best to install the material immediately before performing cosmetic or overhaul. As soon as the surfaces are cleaned, proceed with the installation of waterproofing in the form of special polymer membranes. In the vast majority of cases, their role is played by polyethylene films with a thickness of no more than 0.3 mm.

Insulation of the apartment from the inside

When stretching waterproofing, it is very important to install the material as accurately as possible, without leaving any section of the wall open. To do this, select a membrane strictly in accordance with the area of ​​the apartment. If whole pieces of material are not available for sale, it can be purchased in the form of wide strips. The next step will be the installation of wooden or metal sheathing. Important nuance– if the structure is made of wood, it will need to be treated with an antiseptic before installation. The distance between the partitions of the sheathing should not be less than the width of one unit of insulation.

So, if you bought polyurethane foam slabs with a width of 2 m, then the distance between the partitions of the structure should also be 2 m. This way you can install insulation without leaving gaps

Installation of insulation

After installing the sheathing, it’s time to install the insulation material. Most products are produced in the form of mats, one side of which is springy. When you squeeze the material, it shrinks and then immediately returns to its original shape. This makes installation of insulation much easier. After installation, the surfaces of the material are covered with vapor barrier protection. It will ensure insulation of walls and insulation from condensation. At this stage you also need to try to act as accurately as possible, without leaving cracks or grooves. For greater reliability, it is worth applying a sealant at the joints of the vapor barrier.

Installing material in a brick building - tips for amateurs

The process of installing insulation inside brick building has its own characteristics and is slightly different from insulating rooms in a panel building. At the same time, there should not be any special difficulties during the work process. Since polystyrene foam is considered the most popular material for this type of work, we will consider the operating algorithm using the example of this particular insulation.

Insulation with polystyrene foam

First of all, you need to properly prepare the surface brick wall. If there is no plaster on it, then it must be applied. If you are starting to install insulation in an already residential area, then dismantle the wall finishing and putty before installation. If necessary, level the surface of the walls, seal all gaps and cracks and apply a primer that will penetrate into the smallest and deepest pores. It is important that the primer contains substances with antiseptic properties.

On next stage thin the glue. This is done strictly in accordance with the instructions for use of the composition. We apply the mixture to the surface of the walls with a smooth spatula, after which we work the layer with a tool with teeth. Without waiting for the glue to dry, take sheets of polystyrene foam and apply them one by one to the wall, pressing tightly and holding for several seconds. There is no point in using dowels to fix the insulation, since the glue will hold the material perfectly on the wall.

We install slabs without gaps

When installing each slab, make sure that there are no gaps between them! Remember that the denser the material is installed, the warmer it will be in your apartment. Further actions depend only on your plans. If you plan to apply putty over the insulation, you will need to prime the surface before doing this. If plaster will be applied, it is necessary to install a reinforcing mesh.

Foam brands are the most popular insulation

In stores you can find not one, but several brands of polystyrene foam. Depending on the method of production of the material, the inscriptions “PS” and “PSB” can be found on the packaging. The first means that the material was made using the press method, and the second – without pressing. In addition to this marking, there are also numbers on the foam packaging. What do they mean?

So, S-15- This is a very dense material produced using a non-press method. This foam is great for outdoor use in multi-storey buildings, it is often used to insulate attics and roofs. Among its properties, it is worth highlighting environmental friendliness, high moisture resistance and fire resistance. S-25 PSB- This is another insulation made using a non-press method. This type of foam is perfect for installation in corner apartments, since it has all the qualities necessary for this. In addition, this type of polystyrene foam is often used to insulate floors and loggias.

Polystyrene foam brand S-35 PSB

If there are a large number of communications in the walls, or their installation is only planned, then for better insulation it is worth choosing a foam brand S-35 PSB. A big advantage of the material is its resistance to bad weather conditions. It is absolutely not afraid of mechanical damage and has high fire resistance. Expanded polystyrene brand is considered the densest S-50 PSB. It is often used in regions where hail often falls and strong winds blow. Such insulation is not afraid of precipitation, condensation or mechanical damage. True, its cost is quite high.

Mineral foam – how to decide?

This material is also in high demand due to its characteristics and reliability. However, not all of its brands are suitable for certain jobs. Yes, cotton wool with markings P-75 will be an excellent insulation material in corner apartments. She is not afraid of moisture and fire. However, if this material is not laid correctly, it will deform very quickly due to its ability to absorb condensate vapor. Mineral wool P-125 denser and stronger than the first type. It is often installed outside buildings made of brick and concrete in regions with mild climates. However, it is completely unsuitable for use in buildings located in the northernmost regions of Russia. Another disadvantage of this material is its high cost.

Cotton wool brands PPZh-200 And PZh-175 characterized by increased density and rigidity. She is not afraid of temperature fluctuations or the influence of frequent precipitation. The only drawback is the large mass of the slabs. To insulate a home, 3–4 people are required. As for the manufacturers of the material, the products of the companies are considered to be of the highest quality Isover, Ursa, Rockwool And Isorok.

Houses built over the last 2-3 decades retain heat much better than buildings from the past Soviet Union. This is especially noticeable in the cold season - “Khrushchev” buildings built from panels or bricks freeze an order of magnitude faster, so they require more insulation materials and heating. Since millions of people live in similar houses, the issue of wall insulation is especially relevant for them.

To normalize the microclimate of the room, residents can use one or two methods of thermal insulation:

• external;
• internal.

The implementation of the first method is often complicated by two factors:

• location of the apartment on the upper floors;
• layout of the living space, in which most of the walls border on the walls of neighboring rooms (it happens that only a balcony can be sheathed from the outside).

The second method is not without a number of disadvantages:

• inevitable decrease usable area premises;
• For good insulation the walls will have to be thoroughly prepared from the inside, destroying the usual way of life;
• temporary relocation of residents is required, especially if work is carried out with materials containing harmful impurities;
• insulation from the inside reduces the service life of the panel structure, since in winter the wall falls into the zone of negative temperatures.

However, internal wall insulation is preferable to external thermal insulation because it saves money - residents will not have to spend money on high-rise work. They will also spend less on insulation.

Materials for insulating the walls of a panel house

The operation of the apartment is accompanied by a periodic increase and decrease in indoor air temperature.

Consequently, the material must not only be an excellent heat insulator, but also have acceptable moisture-resistant properties.

This requirement is fully met by the two most popular insulation, which we will consider. Recently, they have been gaining popularity liquid insulation, but these are already topics of our other articles.

Insulation supplied in the form of foam that hardens after application. It has a low thermal conductivity coefficient, so it holds heated air well in the house. For uniform application and crystallization, formwork must be used. Its role can be played by bars with a cross section of 25×25 mm or slightly larger, placed vertically and horizontally along the wall. The resulting cells (sections) will be evenly filled with polyurethane foam.

Thermal insulation of the walls of a panel house using polyurethane foam has several more features:

• after the polyurethane foam has hardened, an additional layer of waterproofing is required (to reduce the amount of condensate formed);
• impossibility finishing and cladding (you will have to build a second plasterboard wall on top of the polyurethane foam, on which you can apply wallpaper, plaster, etc.);
• if the previously listed conditions are met, a minimum of condensation will occur, after which it will be discharged to the junction of the wall with the insulation.

The cost of thermal insulation of the walls of a panel house outside or inside using polyurethane foam is high - special equipment will be required, as well as skilled workers. Therefore, consumers prefer the second good material.

Extruded polystyrene foam (foam)

The biggest difficulties when working with the material arise at the installation stage. Foam supplied smooth slabs 100×50 cm or more, so when covering uneven walls its distortion is inevitable. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully prepare the original surface, otherwise air gaps where condensation will penetrate.

The slabs are attached to the wall with special glue, applied evenly over the entire sheet, and the joints are coated with sealant. The use of anchor connections is excluded - leaky transitions may occur throughout the entire foam layer. It's better to apply T-profile, fixed to the floor and ceiling.

Technology of work execution

When insulating, you should adhere to the stages of work described below.

1. Choice of insulation method (outside/inside; the second is easier to implement).
2. Calculation of insulated area, purchase of materials; transition to the preparatory stage.
3. Drying the surface (using heat guns, heaters). The walls are insulated strictly in the warm season!
4. Old coatings (wallpaper, paint, decor) are removed, the plaster is removed down to the concrete base.
5. The surface is cleaned of dirt and dust (use a broom or vacuum cleaner).
6. Treatment interior walls antiseptic.
7. Padding original surface(it is better to use a primer deep penetration and apply it in several layers).
8. Allow the walls to dry thoroughly.
9. Alignment using special mixtures(those used in finishing bathrooms are acceptable). When drying the plaster, do not use heaters - this way it will acquire normal strength.
10. Installation of foam plastic. Unlike polyurethane foam, it does not require formwork - the slabs are attached with glue directly to the dry surface. When using polyurethane foam, the insulation is applied a little later after the wooden frame is made.
11. After the glue has completely dried, the joints of the plates are sealed with sealant.
12. A second wall with final finishing is applied on top of the resulting structure.

If all steps are completed correctly, an increase in temperature inside the panel house is guaranteed. If the work does not bring results, you will also have to insulate the floor of the apartment.

Range good insulation materials are quite large, but few of them are suitable for panel buildings. Due to the impossibility of thermally insulating the apartment from the outside, residents have to interior work, which are not very complex, effective and do not require special skills or knowledge. Even residents of hopelessly freezing panel buildings can achieve an increase in room comfort if they use the insulation recommended above.

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