Heat generators, and other various units, both purchased and made with your own hands. In this article we will take a closer look at air heating of the house and interior spaces.
The air in the rooms received heat from those heated by passing air and, one might say, indirectly. Such a system was called direct-flow, and had a fairly modest efficiency. The reason for this is a large number of heat was spent on warming the entire depth of the floor and walls, as well as on “heating” the street. After all, there was still a warm air flow coming out into the street. But it was precisely because of this temperature difference that a draft was formed outside and inside the system, improving the heating process.
Air heating recirculation
The beginning of the use of natural gas as a new type of fuel produced a real revolution in heating by air methods. Heating the air with a fairly clean type of fuel, the emergence of special air filters - all this made it possible to pump hot air mass inside the room, creating a closed cycle of air circulation in the building.
The air flow, heated by electric or, is supplied through specially equipped air ducts to the upper part of the building.
The air gives off heat and gradually begins to fall down, returning back to the heater, and it is occupied by other, hotter rising currents.
Such a device for a recirculation system is called gravitational, since the movement of air occurs only due to natural gravity, without the use of any devices. In cases where the structure of the building does not allow air to circulate freely, a forced ventilation system is installed.
To pump heated air into the premises and take it back to the heater, special fans are used. Such heating with recirculation is a fairly inexpensive and simple heating option, perfect for warehouses, workshops and other non-residential premises. Why non-residential? The fact is that as the air passes through the heating element many times, it loses its quality.
Therefore, when heating an apartment or house using this type of heating, the air will have to be ionized and humidified. The exhaust air is gradually removed outside, and fresh air from the street takes its place. There are also all kinds of combined air-oil or air-water systems heating units used for centralized heating of a small complex of buildings.
Private house: how to make air heating?
First of all, you need to think about everything and choose the most important thing - a heating element for the system. Very often for heating residential buildings and apartments use special gas generators. Which heater model do you prefer?
The correct choice is made taking into account the area of the room, as well as the standard fuel consumption of the unit. So many good reviews about devices manufactured in Scandinavian countries. They, of course, are not budgetary, but they are perfectly adapted to long, harsh winters. What else is needed besides the heat generator itself?
- Lattices. Air is taken in and supplied through them.
- Air ducts - rigid or flexible. These are special pipes designed to circulate heated air through them. Rigid ones will also require special “curved” elements called bends. You will also need to take care of required number tees. Their number depends on the design and complexity circulation system. Air ducts are made from various materials, but devices made of galvanized steel are more often used.
- Mounting hardware and tools for galvanized steel.
- Aluminum tape(preferably reinforced) for reliable sealing of connections between parts of air ducts.
The most convenient way to plan suitable system heating the house in advance, still for initial stages construction. Then you can take into account the location of future elements, and make special inconspicuous niches in the walls for air ducts.
In the same case, when the system is developed and installed in an already finished house, such air ducts are masked by false walls and suspended ceilings. Air-thermal heating of a building is a profitable and very promising model for arranging a comfortable home, which is worth paying close attention to. Be that as it may, the choice is yours!
In foreign countries, this type of space heating has long been popular, such as air heating, which is an alternative to our traditional water heating. IN Lately and in our country, many home owners began to switch to air heating, which is associated with a number of advantages of such a solution.
In this article we will take a closer look at its structure and main features.
Principle of operation
The principle of air heating is based on the circulation of warm and cold flows. The heat generator heats air masses that penetrate into the room through air ducts, resulting in warm air displaces cold air masses that enter the heat generator through the same air ducts.
As an energy carrier for heating air masses gas, kerosene, etc. can be used. If heating is carried out as a result of the combustion process, then the system must be equipped with a chimney.
As a rule, this type of heating is used in private homes and cottages, as well as in industrial and commercial premises, sports facilities etc. The main working element of the system is the heat generator, which most often runs on electricity or gas.
The operating principle of this device is as follows:
- The heat exchanger inside the device is blown with air.
- In parallel with this, combustion products pass through the device, due to which the air is heated to +45/65 degrees Celsius.
- The hot air then enters the room through the ducts, where it transfers excess heat to the cold air.
Heating with warm air can be implemented in two ways:
It should be noted that air heating is quite complex system heat regulation, which involves mixing fresh outside air with old air. Thus, in addition to heating, ventilation of the premises also occurs.
Note! It is advisable to carry out installation at the stage of building a house, as this will allow you to hide the air ducts in the walls and ceilings.
Features of air heating
Advantages
Unlike traditional water heating, heating using this method is carried out without intermediate links, such as a heat pipe and radiators.
Besides, this type heating has a number of other advantages:
- Cost-effective and high efficiency, since it is missing intermediate coolant. As a result, even a large area heats up very quickly.
- Comfort- thanks to modern equipment and automation, air heating systems support not only optimal temperature, but also air humidity with high accuracy. In addition, filter units ensure air flow purification.
- The system does not interfere with interior design, since there is no need to lay a pipeline and install heating radiators.
- Safety– since there is no coolant, the possibility of a pipeline break and flooding is eliminated.
- Versatility– the system can be used not only for heating, but also for ventilation and air conditioning.
- Not complicated and quick to assemble the structure.
- Simple instructions on the use and maintenance of equipment.
- The service life of the system is up to 30 years.
Minuses
Any heating options have not only advantages, but also some disadvantages.
Air heating is no exception in this sense, although there are not many disadvantages:
- Possibility of slight noise in heated rooms.
- It is necessary to use filters, otherwise dust will enter the premises along with warm air.
- High cost of equipment.
- Temperature difference at the bottom and top of the room.
So the disadvantages of this type heating is unprincipled, especially if you take into account all their advantages.
Installation features
It’s not difficult to install air heating in your home with your own hands, you just need to prepare a plan for the system and purchase everything necessary elements. It should be noted that the plan also involves performing calculations.
An incorrectly performed calculation can lead to failure of the heater, drafts in the premises, as well as noise and vibration during operation heating devices. Therefore, it is better to entrust the preparation of the project to specialists who will determine optimal power equipment and location of air ducts.
As for equipment, the following elements will be needed to install the system:
In the photo - ventilation grilles
Air ducts, hoses and other air heating elements are usually purchased at finished form. The price of all elements of the system is higher than equipment for traditional heating, but during the heating process this difference quickly pays off.
The assembly process itself comes down to installing air ducts according to the diagram. The parts are connected to each other using clamps. When the air ducts are routed throughout the rooms, a heat generator is connected to the system.
Since the equipment contains many electronic devices and sensors, after installing all structural elements, it is necessary to debug the system. This work should also be done by specialists.
Advice! Installation additional elements, such as a humidifier or an over-the-stove filter, will make the system more functional.
Here, perhaps, are all the main features of air heating and its design.
Conclusion
Heating a house with air is very efficient and also has many other advantages, which is why it has recently been considered the most promising. Its only serious drawback is high costs for equipment, however, they pay for themselves quite quickly.
From the video in this article you can glean some Additional information on this topic.
Ecology of consumption. Science and technology: How to organize air heating of a cottage or warehouse? What equipment is needed for this? What can serve as a source of thermal energy and how to distribute heat from it?
How to organize air heating of a cottage or warehouse? What equipment is needed for this? What can serve as a source of thermal energy and how to distribute heat from it? Let's try to figure it out.
Quite an unusual type of boiler room, right?
WHAT IT IS
Strictly speaking, this category includes all heating methods without the mediation of a coolant. This includes heat guns, and air conditioners in heating mode, and conventional fan heaters. In established terminology, however, air heating equipment is a rather limited list of devices designed to heat air and supply it to air ducts.
The heat source can be either electricity or the combustion of gas, diesel fuel or waste oil. We will not limit ourselves in our choice to any limits and will try to consider the most practical schemes for implementing air heating, regardless of how the corresponding devices are positioned on the market.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
It’s worth making a small lyrical digression. The disadvantages and advantages will still have to be discussed in relation to classic scheme: the heat source is in the same room; in all others, warm air is distributed through air ducts. However: in practice, for large rooms without partitions (for a garage, greenhouses or workshop), either several heat sources are used, or one with air flows directed using dampers. Distributing warm air with sleeves is simply not required.
ADVANTAGES
- Low inertia. After starting the air heaters, the room will warm up in a matter of minutes. For comparison: with convection heating of a house with the mediation of a coolant, it can take up to two hours for the water in the radiators to reach an acceptable temperature.
- Relatively cheap. Air heating boilers do not differ in cost from those intended for water heating systems; but the wiring is noticeably cheaper. Aluminum sleeve and ventilation grille are not comparable in cost to a radiator, pipe and fittings for it.
- Low temperature resistance. Air heating production premises You can safely stop it overnight and not be afraid of defrosting pipes and radiators.
- Easy hidden installation. Water heating implies that at least the radiators or convectors themselves remain visible. Yes, there are also in-floor heating convectors; but try to drown them in concrete floor in a city apartment. But raising the floor by the required few centimeters is not always possible with the height of the ceilings, and the amount of work involved will be quite considerable.
- Combined with ventilation. Moreover, air source heat pumps for heating can also provide air conditioning if necessary.
The diagram shows the direction of air flow during operation climate complex for heating.
- Easy to start. Air heating does not require lengthy balancing of radiators, bleeding air from the expansion tank and radiators, adjusting the operating pressure in the heating system and other tedious procedures. To be fair: balancing is performed only at the first start, and the problem of bleeding air will be solved automatically air valve heating. It will independently allow the air to escape and block the path of the coolant.
FLAWS
In essence, there is only one serious problem. If exhaust ventilation In a room it is easy to place it under the ceiling, where it will not disturb anyone, then the installation of air heating is carried out so that the flow of warm air is as close to the floor as possible. In this case, it is possible to ensure effective heat distribution by convection at a low air flow rate.
Yes, you can pump air from under the ceiling with a powerful flow, and it will also effectively warm the room; but would you like a constant draft in your bedroom or living room? And since the air flow is located below, it means that the air ducts will either have to be hidden behind the decorative covering of the walls, reducing the usable volume of the room, or laid under the finished floor, between the joists. Useful: the output may be relatively small decorative box from plasterboard. When distributing warm air to the ceiling, you will have to ensure a sufficiently high flow rate.
HOWEVER
Heating with an air conditioner or heat pump allows you to bypass all the problems associated with distributing warm air. An air heating project may include several independent devices, or a so-called multi-split system - one external unit and several internal ones. The mains are much thinner than air ducts, and they can be easily located under the ceiling.
HEAT SOURCES
What heat sources can heat generators use for air heating?
SOLID FUEL BOILERS
Perhaps the most popular stove for air heating is Buleryan. The manufacturer's name has long become a household name for all pyrolysis furnaces with heat exchanger pipes that provide natural circulation of heated air. The stove is located anywhere in the house. A boiler room is not necessary for it: in the living room it will not spoil the design of the room with its appearance and will not pollute the air with combustion products. In principle, Buleryan is capable of warming up a house with a rather complex configuration of rooms and due to natural circulation; however, if necessary, hot air from it is distributed by aluminum air ducts with natural or forced circulation through several rooms or floors. It is not at all difficult to install an air heating system with buleryan with your own hands.
The instructions are simple:
- We install the stove in any place where it will not interfere and there is an opportunity to store a daily supply of firewood nearby.
- We fasten the aluminum air ducts from above to the pipes encircling the firebox with heat-resistant aluminum tape.
- At the bottom we attach short sections of the same air ducts with duct fans fixed in them.
- We distribute the hoses from the stove to the rooms that are planned to be heated.
Here the wiring is made more expensive, but also has better thermal insulation properties sandwich pipe. A very interesting alternative is air-heated fireplaces. An ordinary fireplace uselessly releases most of the heat with combustion products; here, the thermal energy produced during fuel combustion is used to heat the air in a cast iron or steel casing. Then everything is familiar to us: the air is distributed through the air duct system to the rooms.
GAS BOILERS AND CLIMATE COMPLEXES BASED ON THEM
They are used both as a separate device that provides heat to the house, and as part of a climate complex. In the first case, the operation scheme is quite simple: the boiler, burning gas, heats the heat exchanger through which air is forced. Then it is distributed to the premises. Solutions of the second type include, along with the boiler, additional equipment:
- Heat recovery system;
- Air conditioning system (usually a ducted air conditioner serves as this);
- Humidifier;
- Ultraviolet cleaner, which disinfects the air circulating around the house;
- Filter for collecting dust.
The project will, of course, not be cheap. The domestic climate system Antares Comfort, for example, boasts a cost of approximately 3,000 rubles per square meter of serviced area, which for a cottage with an area of 150 square meters will result in a very impressive 10-odd thousand euros. For comparison: heating equipment from the famous American manufacturer Goodman costs 1300 - 1500 rubles per square meter. This is also the cost of a turnkey complex, but it only provides heating. Of course, the manufacturer is ready to offer comprehensive solutions for more high price. Curious: Gas boilers for air heating Goodman GMS, GDS and GMP have very low temperature combustion products at the outlet are only about 40C, which makes it possible to use plastic ventilation pipes as a chimney.
ELECTRIC AIR HEATING SYSTEMS
The simplest and most inexpensive electric air heating system is a conventional fan heater. Consuming a power of about 2 kilowatts, it quickly heats the air, driving it through a hot spiral. Alas, in addition to low energy efficiency, such a scheme worsens the composition of the air in the room, burning oxygen. Various heat guns and electric convectors with blowing of a low-temperature heat exchanger are already more interesting. They, when combined with heat recovery systems, can already create a completely comfortable climate in the house. Energy costs will be slightly less than when using an electric boiler. However, direct heating systems are still too expensive. Fortunately, thermal air pumps for heating, the simplest of which is ordinary window air conditioner. They spend heat not on heating the air, but on pumping heat from a colder street. As an option, pumps can remove heat from water or soil. The source of low-grade heat can be any. The operating principle of the pump is common to all implementations.
let's consider circuit diagrams operation of air source heat pumps. More precisely, the heat sources in them.
GROUND-AIR
The temperature of the soil below the freezing level is constant all year round and increases with increasing depth. It is enough to immerse several deep probes or a horizontal collector into the ground - and you can extract heat to heat the air in the house all year round. Geothermal pumps are the most versatile. Their main problem is the high cost of both the device itself and its installation.
WATER-AIR
If you have high flow levels groundwater- the task is greatly simplified. Simply put, it is enough to dig a shallow well and immerse a heat exchanger probe into it. The same scheme can be used if there is an ice-free natural body of water nearby. The limitation is clear and obvious: water is not available everywhere.
AIR-AIR
Here we see two main categories of devices. Multi-split systems are used to maintain climate in small houses. The limitation is due to the fact that the length of the line cannot be infinitely large: the compressor must pump freon through the tubes, and the pipe walls offer noticeable resistance to it. Duct air conditioners are a typical, canonical air heating system. From one indoor unit heat pump air is distributed through ducts throughout all rooms. In this sector of the market in Russia, primarily Japanese manufacturers - Daikin and Mitsubishi - offer their products. Somewhat less often you can find American Lennox and Carrier.
The function of the external unit is to cool ambient air and transport thermal energy inside the house. A common problem with devices is the dependence of their efficiency on the outside temperature.
It is worth mentioning: the exact calculation of air heating - combined with ventilation or carried out separately - is carried out by specialists, taking into account a long number of factors: Material and thickness of the walls; Number and area of windows; The number of people who will be in the room; Amount and power of additional heat sources, etc. The simplified scheme is the same as for other heating systems: 40 watts of thermal power per cubic meter of heated room. For districts Far North taking into account extremely low winter temperatures, a coefficient of 1.5-2.0 is taken. For houses with a ceiling height of 2.5-2.7 meters, you can start from the area: 1 kW per 10 m2. published
Before construction country house or cottage, it is important to decide on the type heating system; There are many options, differing in efficiency, installation complexity and price. Air heating is considered one of the most popular: for medium-sized rooms, compact heating and ventilation equipment is used, but for the entire building a more complex project will be required. Compared to water heating, air heating should be considered as a real climate system, because it combines several functions, such as heating, ventilation, cooling, humidification, air purification and is economical in operation.
We asked specialists from ATM Climate, a company that occupies one of the leading positions in the climate equipment market, to tell us more about such systems.
Operating principle and system equipment
Air heating equipment is divided into two types:
First type– with a heat exchanger in the form of a combustion chamber in which the gas directly burns. The air passing through the heat exchanger is heated and supplied to the room.
Second type– with a water heat exchanger. For such a system, the heat source can be a wood stove, solid fuel, gas or universal boiler. It is also possible to install an electric heater in the system, but it should be understood that electricity costs will be very significant, in addition, this option is not suitable for houses for which a small allocated electrical power is provided.
Most modern version– installation of an air-to-air heat pump. An advantageous feature of this solution is that if an air conditioner is included in the system, then such a system will not require large additional costs for equipment, but can significantly save on resources during operation.
The use of heat pumps of this type for heating homes is a global trend, since heat is obtained without burning fuel and the accompanying air pollution.
Main components of air heating:
Fan. The heart of the system, it must be productive and durable.
Heat exchanger. It serves to warm up the air flow.
Air ducts. These elements are used for directed air supply into the room.
Filters, humidifiers. They are necessary for cleaning and maintaining an optimal microclimate inside the building.
Air conditioner. Allows you to cool all rooms in the house.
Control system. It automatically supports and controls temperature conditions, turns the climate system on and off.
Effective and aesthetically pleasing for homes with panoramic glazing and second light Source indivi-dom.ru
Note! There are no radiators in the air heating system. After heating, the air enters the rooms through the grilles, the cold masses are forced upward and sent through the air ducts to the heat exchanger. Circulation ensures proper heating of rooms and promotes effective ventilation.
Circulation can be natural or forced. In the first case, the flow moves due to the temperature difference; in the second, a fan is used. As a rule, systems equipped with such equipment are quite powerful and productive. They are installed in houses with an area of up to 400 square meters; if the area of the house is larger, several systems are installed.
Professional consultation You can get information about air heating of a private house directly from specialists. Contacts of the company "ATM climate" at the link. Or check at the “Low-Rise Country” house exhibition.
Advantages and disadvantages of air heating
Like any other system, this design has its pros and cons. The advantages include the following qualities:
Versatility. Air heating of a private house provides not only heat or cooling, but also ventilation, cleaning And humidification air, essentially being a climate system for creating an optimal microclimate in the building.
Ease of use. All system management can be fully automated.
High energy efficiency (1.5 times more economical than water heating). Air heating is optimal if savings during use are important to the owner.
Increased reliability. The system practically does not fail and requires less frequent maintenance. Due to the lack of liquid, it cannot form inside airlock or coolant leak. There is no such thing as “defrosting” for such a system.
Durability. System provided correct installation, can work for several decades. During the process, it is only important to change regularly Consumables and check for serviceability.
In the event of a power outage, the system will not defrost and will not ruin the repair Source master-electrician.ru
An important advantage of air heating is the ability to maintain a set temperature for a long time. She is not affected weather, the mode can be adjusted automatically on the thermostat or manually using the control panel. When properly designed, the elements themselves take up minimal space, look quite aesthetically pleasing, and for greater attractiveness, you can, for example, hide the air ducts in special decorative boxes.
However, air heating also has a number of disadvantages:
The system must be installed in homes even during construction. Since air ducts take up significant space in the house, they must be designed in advance.
For small houses An air heating system will be slightly more expensive than traditional heating.
Install suspended ceiling , if it was planned, it becomes more difficult because the air ducts have to be bypassed.
It is advisable to carry out installation to inner finishing , otherwise it will be impossible to hide the air ducts in the floors of the house.
The height of the ceiling at the locations of the air ducts, if it is impossible to lay them in the ceiling, decreases by 15-20 cm.
Required before installation creating a project, the work itself must also be entrusted to professionals.
How an air system is designed
Creating a project is an important preparatory moment: if it is done with errors, the owner will face difficulties in the process of using heating. Thus, incorrect calculations lead to a lack/excess of power, improper ventilation, and uneven heating of rooms. In order for air heating at home to function without failure, you need to pay attention to the following points:
Heat loss calculation done for each room. They depend on how many doors and windows there are in the room, since heat escapes through these parts more intensely.
Calculation of heat loss for ventilation depends on the number of permanent residents to provide people with fresh air.
Location of the main elements on the diagram, relationship with others engineering communications, structural elements home and interior items
Determining the type of fuel and power of the heat source. When calculating, it is important to remember that the heat source is calculated not only for normal winter temperatures, but also for unexpected negative temperatures.
Selection of optional equipment– such as conditioner, humidifier, bactericidal cleaner.
The project includes calculation of all system components, volume and cost of materials and consumables. Only professionals can make a competent project.
A competent design allows for optimal placement of equipment and main elements Source: seaside-home.ru
Installation nuances
Even if the project is completed in full compliance with GOST requirements and developed by professionals, it is not advisable to install the system yourself, since this is a very difficult process. However, you should know its features in any case:
Air duct cross-section can be round, rectangular or square, the choice depends on the characteristics of the room and the project itself.
Air ducts are most often made made of galvanized steel sheet : it is lightweight, does not deform and is not afraid of corrosion.
Installation of air ducts is possible inside the walls, in the ceilings, under the ceiling. They are masked if necessary decorative panels: this allows you to create attractive design premises, without fear that communication elements will spoil the interior.
Note! During the circulation of air flows, the system produces noise, and to reduce it, installation of a soundproofing layer will be required. The materials used for this often serve as a heat insulator.
When installing a system with forced circulation, the device is connected to a heat source and an electrical network; you can also use an emergency power source in case of a sudden power outage.
It is also important to choose filters for heating: they can be mechanical, electrostatic and carbon. The first type is used to retain dust particles and dirt, the second is used for finer cleaning, the third is used to eliminate unpleasant odors. These elements most often require replacement; they usually need to be changed every 2-3 seasons if the building is used for temporary residence, or at least once every six months for permanent use.
Service: main features
To keep the number of breakdowns to a minimum during its service life, it is necessary to provide the system with timely maintenance. The frequency of the procedure depends on its complexity, intensity of use, and other factors.
Air heating country house requires the following regular actions:
Visual inspection equipment, diagnostics of individual components.
Cleaning and replacing filters, cleaning and replacing the humidifier pad, cleaning the heat exchanger.
Automation check.
Timely maintenance will avoid power loss, equipment breakdowns, and repairs. Some work can be carried out independently, for example, replacing and cleaning the filter or cleaning the heat exchanger. Other work requires qualifications and it is better to leave them to specialized companies.
Video description
In this video we will discuss whether it is possible to install air heating yourself:
To ensure that the procedure is successful and quick, it is recommended to order regular system checks from a trusted company. Many users enter into a service contract with one company, and specialists perform work every season or at other established intervals.
A properly designed and maintained system will last a long time Source remlandia.ru
On our website you can find contacts construction companies who offer the service country house design. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.Air-to-air heating or air heating. Pros and cons of air heating:
Conclusion
Creating an air heating system is profitable solution because it is practical, high level comfort and efficiency. It is recommended to carry out design at the construction stage of the building: this will help to take into account all the nuances of the layout, calculate efficiency and avoid mistakes such as installing equipment of insufficient power or uneven heating. Since installation requires special knowledge and experience, then the arrangement of air heating must be entrusted to specialists.
Comfort in the home primarily depends on the reliability and efficiency of heating. Selection optimal scheme with high technical performance at a minimum of costs makes us pay attention to new developments in this area. Today the most optimal, low-cost and practical option– this is air heating of a private house.
Warm air heating has been used in Canada and the USA since the middle of the last century. For Russia, this type of heating, even today, is still only exotic. But large areas complex layout and multi-story buildings force the use of progressive methods. Therefore, now they are increasingly coming to the conclusion that air heating at home is an ideal option.
Areas of use
Heating design and installation are increasingly used to heat domestic premises. They effectively heat warehouses and hangars large area, modern supermarkets, shopping centers. In such rooms, forced circulation is more often used, this allows for even distribution of heat, regulating the temperature using automation.
Equipment
The operation of an air heating system is based on heating air and redirecting it to heat rooms. For this purpose, the system is equipped with the following equipment:
- gas air heater (or another model depending on the fuel) - the main source of heat;
- heat exchanger - heats the passing air and prevents mixing of flows with exhaust gases;
- air ducts - redirect warm air flows to the interior;
- filter, humidifier and air freshener – maintain air quality by cleaning it from dust and bacteria;
- central air conditioner - used to maintain comfort inside a building through existing system air ducts in summer;
- automation system - monitors the temperature conditions of the room, controls the temperature, and the operating mode of the heat generator.
Principle of operation
The air heating system in a private house operates according to certain principles. Let's take a closer look at the algorithm:
Heating the air to the required temperature
This is done by the heat generator using hot water, steam, electricity or any fuel. The operation of the device is controlled automatically, and when desired temperature is achieved, it turns off and operates in standby mode.
Redirecting air indoors
This occurs through a system of air ducts, which can be round or rectangular. Round ones have less aerodynamic drag, while rectangular ones fit more easily into the interior of a private home due to their more advanced design.
Warming up the room
At the exit, through a special distributor, the air flow enters the room and warms it up evenly. After cooling, the air returns to the heat generator for reheating through the pipes separate system air ducts Flows circulate, and its effectiveness depends on the selection of equipment, accurate engineering calculations, choice of fuel, temperature regime.
Circulation within an air heating system can be natural or forced. With the natural movement pattern, warm air, rising upward, gives way to cooled air after warming up the premises. Forced circulation is supported by a fan - the pressure it creates forces the air to move inside the air ducts.
Advantages
The air heating system has a number of beneficial advantages. Let's consider the main ones:
High efficiency
The efficiency of such a device is high, while a large area of the room is heated as efficiently and quickly as possible. The heated air is evenly distributed throughout all rooms, which helps to easily maintain the set temperature throughout the house.
Additional functions
For example, in summer period An excellent solution would be air heating of a country house, since it is possible to ventilate the room, and when connecting an air conditioner - air conditioning.
When using additional filters, humidifiers, air fresheners, heating performs the general functions of the climate system and maintains comfort in the home. Thus, a complex air treatment center is created in the house, which, in addition to heating, processes and purifies it.
Economical
It is easy to make a full calculation of air heating and heated area, costs per 1 cubic meter. Subsequent operating costs are negligible. Maintaining normal temperature conditions without overheating the premises above 24°C significantly saves fuel. Compared with water heating, then in this case energy consumption is 1.5 times lower.
Self-installation
You can do air heating yourself, which will help you save money. It is best to do this during the construction stage. Installation of an air heating system consists of the following steps:
Carrying out calculations
This is one of the most difficult and lengthy stages, requiring knowledge, skills and careful work. You need to consider several important factors:
- calculate heat loss separately for each room;
- choose the type of air heater and its power depending on the heat loss indicators;
- based on the heater power indicators, calculate the amount of warm air;
- perform an aerodynamic calculation of the entire system;
- calculate the required diameter of the air channels.
Purchase of equipment
You should start by purchasing the most important part - the heat generator. It should be selected based on the size of the heated area and fuel consumption indicators.
It is better to purchase air ducts, tie-ins and throttle valves from a special enterprise that produces ventilation equipment.
Everything else, namely aluminum tape, self-tapping screws, mounting tape, insulation, etc., you will find on any decent market.
Installation features
During the installation of this heating system, the main air duct is first installed. Usually it is made of galvanized steel, after which it is covered with foil insulation with a thickness of about 3-5 mm.
After this, a system of smaller air ducts is installed, which branch off from the main one. To make the system easily adjustable, a throttle valve must be installed in each supply duct.
At the end of the main air duct, it is better to leave a section 50 cm long, in which there will be no insertion of thin air ducts. This way there will be uniform pressure along the entire length of the device and equal volumes of air will enter the side branches.
All this is followed by the installation of the air heater itself. It provides everything mounting holes For additional equipment(filters, air conditioner, air sterilizer) and fastening system. Assembly of the complex will take no more than an hour. However, connecting all this equipment will take time.
From all this we can conclude that air heating of a cottage is a modern and effective option, which has long been used abroad and is slowly being introduced into Russian homes.