Wooden fence along with all kinds of hedges have always been an important design attribute garden landscape. Such designs are quite multifunctional, because... serve as delimiters of private property, as well as decorative elements. On one side, the fence closes the area from prying eyes, street animals and intruders. On the other hand, they are an aesthetic hedge that harmoniously combines with the landscape composition. This article will discuss how to make a fence from boards.
- Checkerboard fence decking boards. In this design, the treated boards are attached with a 1/3 overlap to the veins in a checkerboard pattern, regardless of the type of installation - vertical or horizontal.
- A solid fence is the most common type of fence, which will require material with a moisture content of more than 14%. During construction, the boards are fixed tightly so that there are no gaps or gaps.
- A ladder is a design in which the boards are mounted overlapping each other, maintaining a horizontal orientation at a small angle.
- Palisade - stakes driven deep into the soil.
- A picket fence is a fence during installation of which a special board is fixed in a vertical position, leaving gaps between the wooden planks.
- Ranch is a type of fence that consists of low posts to which rails (beams) are attached. This type of fencing is decorative.
A fence made of boards. Photo:
Advantages and disadvantages
The construction of wooden fencing has remained relevant at all times. Owners summer cottages And country cottages often give preference to this type of fence, since it has such undeniable advantages, How:
- Environmental friendliness. A fence made from unedged boards is made entirely of natural material, which has a characteristic structure, color and even smell.
- Affordable price. Wooden fences are much cheaper for site owners than their metal or reinforced concrete counterparts.
- High aesthetic qualities. The fence can be made in absolutely any style by choosing a suitable type of wood with a unique texture.
- Ease of construction. Even a novice master can build a fence from boards with his own hands, because... the process does not require special skills, knowledge or the use of any equipment.
- Variability of design. There are a great many ideas for designing a wooden fence, as well as methods for its construction, which will allow you to choose the most suitable design for the overall design of the garden landscape.
Among the shortcomings of this type fencing can only have a short service life, because a wooden fence will last on average 7-10 years. However, these indicators are relative, since they depend on individual characteristics soil and climate of a particular area. Weather, insect damage, humidity, intensity solar radiation– all these factors negatively affect the condition of the wood. But in any case, there remains the option of caring for a fence made of natural material, which will be discussed below.
Wood selection
Before you start building the structure, you need to determine how many boards you need for the fence and what type of material you should choose. Experts recommend giving preference to such raw materials as:
- planed board (universal for all types of fencing);
- decorative material (artificially aged);
- terrace board for the fence;
- unedged material.
The best performance characteristics are observed in such wood species as:
- pine;
- larch;
- cedar;
- alder;
- ash;
- aspen.
How to build a fence from boards: construction method
Undoubtedly, a wooden fence is the most popular fence design due to its cost and ease of construction. However, it is worth considering the fact that the longevity of the fence largely depends not only on its care, but also on the correctness of its construction. Let's take a closer look at each stage of work on installing a wooden picket fence.
Construction of supports
- The initial task when constructing a fence is the installation of strong load-bearing posts. The material for their manufacture can be wood, metal or concrete. On in this example Let's consider the installation of supports made of a square metal profile, the length of which was 6 m, width - 6 cm.
- To begin with, the profile must be cut into separate fragments measuring 200x40 cm. An ordinary grinder will be suitable for this purpose.
- Then, using a welding machine, it is necessary to attach metal covers on top to prevent precipitation from getting inside. For greater reliability, it is worth covering the pillars with paint.
- The part of the support that will be in the ground must be processed bitumen mastic to increase service life.
- Next, we pull the lace in the area where the location is planned support pillars. We fasten the lace.
- With help garden borer we make holes in the ground. The diameter of the auger should be at least 13 cm, and the depth of the hole should be 90 cm. To simplify the task and speed up the drilling process, white electrical tape should be attached to the auger, which will be used to determine the desired depth. This will eliminate the need to measure each cavity separately.
- Then you need to cut off a fragment of roofing material, roll it up and lower it into the resulting hole. This will ensure waterproofing properties for the metal parts of the fence and extend their service life.
- After this, we align the supports vertically, fill them with gravel or crushed stone and compact them with a heavy crowbar or a vibrating plate, if available.
- In order for the fence posts made from edged boards to be at the same height of 150 cm above the ground, it is necessary to use a hydraulic level - a special device in the form of two flasks with water connected to each other by a hose. The principle of operation is as follows: one flask is fixed to the first support, and another container is leaned against the second pillar. Raising or lowering metal rod in the pit, the water level in both flasks is equalized. This makes it possible to install all supports at the same height.
- Next, we secure and fill with crushed stone all the metal posts along the perimeter of the future fence.
- The next step is to install the veins on which the boards will be attached. For this you can use both wooden beams and metal profiles, treated and painted against exposure to atmospheric precipitation. The latter are more reliable and durable.
- We fix the profile measuring 2 cm x 4 cm to the supports using bolts and nuts. To do this, you need to drill holes, insert a bolt and tighten it as much as possible with a nut.
- For even fastening, it is important to check the horizontalness of the joist with a level.
- At this point, the support for the wooden fence is ready and you can begin installing the boards.
Fastening boards
For the fencing, we will prepare boards measuring 600x10x2 cm. The edges must be processed with a plane, and the boards must be cut so that fragments 180 cm high are obtained. To save paint, it is advisable to process all roughness and irregularities grinder or Bulgarian. Further actions are performed in the following sequence:
- We apply a special coating to each board antiseptic impregnation, which will protect the material from rotting, damage by insects and the appearance of fungus. You can use a regular paint brush for this.
- After complete drying, it is necessary to paint the ribs with moisture-resistant paint or a composition based on oil based. When the layer is completely dry, you can begin installing the house on the frame.
- To fix the boards to the joists, you will need self-tapping screws with a drill at the end, the length of which will be 41 mm. For one board you will need 2 screws. The work is done using a screwdriver.
- If the holes are made with great difficulty, you must first make the grooves using a drill, and then tighten the screw.
- Fastening wooden boards to the veins at a distance of 5-8 cm from each other. We check the height and location using a hydraulic level. We carry out the process along the entire length of the fence.
- Finally, you need to prepare a nylon thread, which should be secured with a stapler on the last board of the fence.
- We align all the fence boards according to its height. This completes the process of constructing the fence.
If desired, you can decorate the fence by placing bright flower pots or country-style elements (cart wheel, ropes, bench, etc.) around the perimeter.
Caring for a wooden fence
In order for a wicker fence made of boards to last for over ten years, it is necessary to properly care for it. Expert recommendations boil down to the following aspects:
- IN mandatory the boards must be coated with an antiseptic compound or fire retardant, after which they are applied regular paint, varnish or stain. Such solutions guarantee protection against harmful microorganisms, precipitation, rotting and other undesirable phenomena.
- You can also treat the fence with fire-retardant impregnation, which creates a protective barrier against wood fire.
- It is advisable to use galvanized fasteners, which should also be immersed in drying oil before fastening.
- If affected areas are still found on the boards, they must be carefully cut off. After removal, the edges must be treated with a wood strengthening agent. After the treated fragment has completely dried, it must be puttied special composition For natural wood, which is based on fiberglass.
- Impregnation with protective compounds is carried out every 2 years.
A fence made of boards. Video:
The fence is an element of the garden landscape. In addition to their direct “responsibilities” - protecting the site from unauthorized access and indicating the boundaries of private households, fences play an important role in the aesthetic arrangement of the territory. There is a fence different types, configuration and texture, but the most popular in decorative meaning was and remains wooden version. In addition, you can make such a fence yourself, using all your imagination as a craftsman.
Making a wooden fence is quite simple compared to its metal counterpart. This option has many advantages with minimal disadvantages. For the construction of wooden fencing you can use various material– boards from different types of trees: beech, pine, larch or oak. Wood is especially prized coniferous species. Each master chooses the material at his own discretion, because the main thing is that the wooden fence is of good quality and lasts a long time.
How to make a fence correctly
Wood fences can be divided into 2 groups: hedges and palisades. Also, such fences vary in design (picket picket, wattle fence, bamboo fence, ranch, lattice and other fence design options).
The most popular and simple ones are picket fences, as well as those made by a continuous row of boards. Regardless of what kind of fence you plan to build, you definitely need to carry out preparatory work according to its structure:
- clear the area for the wooden fence (remove debris, pull out grass or weeds, uproot stumps and roots of old trees, if any);
- dismantle the old fence;
- draw up a design diagram of the future picket fence, where to mark the location of the gate, taking into account boundary boundaries and signs;
- choose and buy everything necessary materials for the construction of a fence (wood, nails or construction screws treated with an anti-corrosion agent, cement to stabilize the fence support, beams and logs, paint);
- prepare tools (hammer, hacksaw, shovel, crowbar, hole drill, tamper, cord and pegs for marking the area, wheelbarrow, mixing container cement mortar or concrete mixer).
Service life of a wooden fence
A wooden fence has a service life of about 8 years. However, if you properly care for it and repair it on time, then this period increases 3 times. A good wooden fence can last more than 30 years, although fences from historical wooden architecture are known to be over 50 years old.
The main factors for the durability of wooden fences are:
- quality of building material - wood (soft or hard wood, manufacturer);
- good quality and correct installation;
- operating conditions.
Manufacturers determine the quality of a material by its likely wear resistance. Also, the service life of the fence depends on how carefully it is handled.
The advantages of wooden fences are:
- environmental friendliness - absolutely pure natural material that does not cause harm environment, a sanded fence is pleasant to the touch, it does not absorb sunlight, which is important for plants growing close to each other;
- variability - compared to the factory version, a metal profile, which is usually installed in a vertical position, can be worked with wood various options– horizontally, vertically, diagonally, interlacing, and also use boards of various lengths, widths and thicknesses;
- ease of installation - when installing a wooden fence, no special skills, thorough concreting or a large number of people are required, since a wooden fence is not heavy and can be easily handled by one person;
- aesthetics - the natural beauty of wood leads in the selection of materials for the future fence; it looks great in any landscape design solution.
It is worth considering that wood is “afraid” of exposure to moisture, since over time it begins to rot, turn black, and become covered with mold spots. To delay these unpleasant moments, it is necessary to carefully care for the wooden fence and carry out antiseptic prophylaxis for it in a timely manner. You should also pay attention to the flammability of this building material and use special means to impregnate and protect it in order to avoid fire.
Wooden fence design
Modern, wooden fences have different design in any format that provides a visual impression. Such a fence - traditional version for Russian villages, holiday villages or country cottages.
The tree is beautifully decorated and covered different paints or varnish, it fits harmoniously into any landscape composition. The design of a wooden fence depends on the preferences, imagination of the owner, as well as the overall compositional background. The most original fences are obtained using following types fences:
- solid - made in the form of a palisade made of stakes or round logs, slabs, edged boards;
- checkerboard or overlap option - boards are laid in a horizontal, vertical or diagonal position;
- “braiding” - boards are fixed between support pillars, either from the inside or the outside, by braiding them;
- – a combination of boards with round logs as support, a classic option;
- wicker fence - vines, tree branches, twigs are used;
- lattice fencing - slats are used;
- a fence in the style of a cowboy ranch - the exotic horizontal bars are attractive with brutality, it is recommended to combine them with a massive concrete or stone base.
Whatever fence design you choose, it is worth considering its role in the overall compositional picture and functionality.
Today, a person who decides to build a house on his own must be prepared for significant costs. Most of the money is often spent on the foundation and laying the walls, but in most cases you have to spend a lot on things that at first glance do not seem obvious. We're talking about a fence.
A smart owner of a future home sets the goal of saving on such details. Moreover, this is a completely justified and feasible solution.
A key way to reduce the cost of a fence is to do it yourself. Do not underestimate the importance of this process, since the fence is not only decorative structure, which hides the territory from prying eyes, but also a protective fence designed to prevent suspicious persons from entering the site.
In other words, the design must be reliable, durable and aesthetically pleasing. Only under such conditions will it satisfy all the requirements placed on it. In our case, ease of installation should also be added to the list of conditions.
Materials for building a fence
There are several basic materials that allow you to build an inexpensive and functional structure:
- tree;
- Rabitz;
- corrugated sheeting;
- plastic.
The main limiter in construction technology and combination of materials is financial expenses. First, you should select the material that will become the basis for the fence, then find a suitable economical construction technology, and then make basic calculations.
Wooden fence: pros and cons
Modern hardware stores offer a large number of wood options suitable for construction reliable design. This material has some advantages over others, which makes it almost the most popular product.
Advantages of wooden structures:
Flaws:
Materials for installing a wooden fence
To build a standard wooden fence, you will need materials such as: picket fence, cross boards, support posts, pegs, ropes, cement, sand, shovel, saw, fasteners, special remedy against wood rotting.
It is best if the entire set of tools is collected in one place within reach to facilitate access to components.
Construction of a wooden fence
Stage 1. We mark the site for the structure and determine the location of the gate. We use pegs and rope. The distance between the pillars is 2 meters. This is how the structure’s resistance to external influences is ensured.
Stage 2. Take a shovel and dig holes for the support pillars.
Stage 3. We immerse the pillars in the ground by about one-fourth of their length.
Stage 4. We install spacers to secure the pillars and fill the hole with cement mixed with sand.
Stage 5. We drive in the cross boards.
Stage 6. We fix the picket fence vertically on the transverse boards.
Stage 7. Paint the finished fence in the chosen color.
That's it for the construction work wooden fence are considered completed. This is a relatively simple fence option that is usually installed as a temporary option.
A fence made of mesh is considered the most economical option, available today. Among the advantages of such fences it should be noted:
Clarifying the last point, it should be noted that installation will require tools that are easy to find in every home. In addition, modern stores offer a wide range of meshes of the most different colors and sizes, which allows you to move away from the banal appearance of the fence.
Materials for building a fence:
For those who adhere to more original solutions, there are vinyl coverings, however, they tend to lose color over time.
Construction of a chain-link fence
Step 1. Carry out the markings.
Step 2. We dig holes for the support pillars.
Step 3. Place the pipes in the holes.
Mesh fence
Step 4. Fill the holes with pre-prepared concrete mortar. In some cases, builders simply drive pipes into the ground using a sledgehammer. This is possible provided the soil is sufficiently soft.
Step 5. We begin to secure the mesh. We fasten the beginning of the roll at the first pipe, which acts as the beginning of the future fence.
Step 6. We stretch the mesh around the remaining supports, gradually securing it. It is important to ensure that the mesh does not sag, otherwise all work will be useless.
Stages of work during sectional construction of a fence
Step 1. Lay the foundation.
Step 2. We build a tension frame from metal corners.
Step 3. Fasten the corners between the supports.
Step 4. Attach the mesh inside the corners using welding.
Chain-link fences are very easy to erect without the help of specialists, which allows you to save a lot and try your hand at it.
Corrugated fencing
This type of fence can rightfully be called the most common. Most often it is used for fencing summer cottages and private houses. To build such a fence you will need welding machine and a little patience. In general, the installation technology is very simple, which can be attributed to the advantages of the design.
Modern construction markets offer corrugated sheets various colors and sizes, so buyers should not limit themselves in their fantasies.
As additional components you should purchase anti-corrosion paint, support structures, logs, shovels, screws, and also make cement mortar.
Installation of a corrugated fence
Step 1. We mark for the future fence. It is important that the distance between adjacent supports does not exceed two and a half meters. As auxiliary elements pegs and twine are used.
Step 2. We make indentations in the established places. In the future, supporting elements will be inserted into these holes. This task can be accomplished using a special drill or simply digging a hole with a shovel. The standard depth of the pit is one hundred and thirty centimeters.
Step 3. We install support pillars at the corners of the territory, and then along the entire perimeter.
Step 4. Strengthen the bases of the pillars with cement.
Step 5. Install the logs that are necessary for further attaching the corrugated sheeting.
Step 6. Attach the sheets to the joists using self-tapping screws.
Step 7. Painting metal elements enamel. In some cases, a primer is used.
Ultimately, the fence turns out to be quite pleasant in terms of aesthetic characteristics, as well as durable and reliable. It looks much more solid than a fence made of wood or chain-link mesh, and therefore can be regarded as a full-fledged fence.
Plastic fence
Plastic deservedly bears the title of one of the most affordable materials for building a fence. This is a real salvation for summer residents who do not want to build expensive structures on their plots.
The positive aspects of such fences are as follows:
- strength;
- durability;
- ease of installation;
- low cost;
- nice appearance.
Installation of a plastic fence
Stage 1. We mark the area where we plan to install the fence.
Stage 2. Mark the places where the wicket and gate will be.
Stage 3. In established places, we drive support pillars into the ground.
Stage 4. We fix piles made of durable metal in the corners.
Stage 5. We stretch the piles along the perimeter of the site.
Stage 6. Secure the pillars with spacers.
Stage 7. Attach the sections between the supports.
Thus, as a result of simple machinations, a beautiful and functional fence is obtained, which in its external qualities, although it cannot compete with structures made of decorative stone or forged elements, completely satisfies the owners of the territory.
This article discussed the most simple ways construction of fences, the choice of which is determined only by your preferences. Now you can build a cheap fence with your own hands.
Video – Construction of a wooden fence
Video - Construction of a mesh fence
Video - Installation of a fence made of corrugated sheets
Video - Installing a plastic fence
The content of the article:
A wooden fence is perfect solution For suburban area. Any owner, relying on his own imagination, can make a completely exclusive fence thanks to the properties of wood and the many options for using it for this purpose. How to make a wooden fence without resorting to high costs, you will learn from our article.
Types and features of wooden fences
Depending on the height, fences are divided into three categories: low, up to 0.8 m high; medium - up to 1.5 m; high - more than 1.5 m.
Based on their appearance, wooden fences can be divided into several types:
- Fence. It is a canvas made up of slats nailed to horizontal purlins and secured between support posts. This type of fence is often used in decorative purposes, as well as to fence the site from the street and neighbors.
- . It consists of treated boards nailed together tightly, overlapping or with gaps to purlins located horizontally between the supports. Among wooden fences, plank fences are considered the most reliable.
- Palisade. This is a fence consisting of a series of logs dug vertically into the ground. The logs can be located close to each other or with gaps. To strengthen such a fence with its inside The logs are connected using nails with transverse planks. Consumption wood material when constructing a log fence garden plot is often unjustified.
- Wattle. For a dacha, such a fence is beautiful and a good decision. It is made small height using willow or birch branches to weave fabric.
Regardless of the type, the design of any wooden fence consists of three main elements: support posts, transverse purlins and material for filling its sections - boards, rods, slabs, etc.
Advantages and disadvantages of a wooden fence
The main advantages of wooden fencing are the low weight of the wood, which makes it easier to transport, and its affordable cost. Simple design such fences allows you to build them yourself.
Wooden fences combine perfectly with the green landscape of the site, a stone house or a log house. If you show a little imagination, you can make your wooden fence absolutely unique.
The disadvantage of constructing wooden fences is their short service life. Wood is susceptible to rotting and damage by wood insects. Not in the best possible way it is affected by fire and precipitation.
But it is not difficult to deal with such problems today. There are many different protective compounds such as antiseptics, stains and fire retardants. Lumber or logs treated with them last much longer.
Wooden fence installation technology
Even the most ordinary wooden fences can be made beautiful with correct installation and finishing. Installing a wooden fence consists of three steps: installing the support posts, attaching the transverse purlins and nailing the picket fence. Instead of picket fences and purlins, such fences can use a slab, a palisade made of logs or wickerwork. Let's consider the basic principle of installing a wooden fence.
Preparatory work
They include the choice of fencing design, design, preparation of materials, tools and marking of the fence perimeter on the ground.
You need to start work by determining the type of fence you are planning. The easiest way is to build a picket fence. If such a fence is decorative, it can be assembled from thin strips with a diagonal arrangement. Many owners like a solid fence made of slabs that imitate a palisade.
The top of the fence sections can also be done in different ways. It can be curly, convex or concave. In any case, before starting work you need to clearly understand the appearance and design features planned fencing. Several options for its sections can be drawn on paper and at the same time decide on the need for a plinth underneath them. Such a fence will be combined, that is, consisting of wood and stone, but in appearance no worse than a regular one.
In order to calculate required quantity materials for external fencing, it is necessary to draw a plan to scale land plot. Knowing the dimensions of the sides of its perimeter, it is easy to calculate the length of the future fence. On its corners and entrance group You should plan to install support posts, and every 2 m - intermediate posts, which will provide the fence structure with the required rigidity. Having all this data and determining the height of the fence, you can calculate the amount of material.
After completing the calculations on paper, you need to prepare the tools necessary for the work and begin marking the fence on the ground. The set of tools should include: pegs, nylon cord, tape measure and hydraulic level, shovel, axe, hacksaw, garden drill, hammer and nails. To install fence posts and install waterproofing, in addition to basic materials, you will need roofing felt, bitumen mastic, M400 concrete, crushed stone and river sand.
Marking the fence on the ground should begin with determining the installation points of the corner posts. These places must be marked with pegs driven into the ground. After this, you need to stretch and secure the nylon cord between them, and then mark the locations of the intermediate posts with pegs. Thanks to the cord, they will all be on the same line along the perimeter of the site, and after installation the wooden fence will be smooth.
When the marking is completed, it is necessary to prepare the fence support posts for installation. At the request of the owner of the site, they can be made of rolled metal, timber or logs. When choosing the first option, plugs cut from metal sheet. This will prevent moisture from precipitation from getting inside the racks and causing them to oxidize. Underground part the supports should be covered with bitumen mastic, and the rest should be primed and painted with anti-corrosion enamel.
If you choose the option of wooden posts, it is recommended to first sharpen their tops. This will prevent rainwater from penetrating into the rack through its end. The moisture will simply roll down the support without penetrating its body. As for the thickness of the logs or beams for supports, you should choose something in between. Fence supports that are too thick will look ridiculous, and posts that are too thin will not have sufficient strength. Before installation, it is advisable to burn the pillars over a fire, and then their lower part, which will be underground, must be covered with bitumen and wrapped in two layers of roofing material.
In the places marked with pegs, holes should be dug for supports. Their depth is directly related to the height of the planned fence. If the height of the above-ground part of the support is less than a meter, the hole can be made 0.8 m deep. Further, accordingly: for a support up to 1.5 m - 1 m, over 1.5 m - the depth of the hole is 1/2 of the column. The width of the hole should be such that between its edge and installed pole a distance of at least 0.2 m was maintained.
If the posts are metal, it is convenient to make holes for them using a garden drill. If you stick electrical tape on it, you will be able to control the depth of the recesses with high precision while working with this tool.
Installation of wooden fence supports
Before installing the support pillars, the bottom of the prepared holes must be covered with medium-fraction crushed stone. In this case, when the ground freezes in winter, the fence posts will be able to maintain their original position. It is recommended to cover the walls of the dug holes all around with roofing material, constructing a kind of formwork from it.
Installation of fence supports in holes should be done using a plumb line. After installation in a strictly vertical position, the racks must be temporarily secured with stops. If the height of the supports is less than one and a half meters, it is enough to fill the cavity of the holes with broken bricks, crushed stone and compact everything. If the height of the fence is over one and a half meters, the hole with installed supports should be filled with M400 concrete. In order to reduce its consumption, 2/3 of each hole can be filled with stones or broken bricks.
If you plan to install a combined fence with a plinth, the installation of its supports should be done differently. Instead of holes along the marking lines, you need to dig a meter-deep trench. Its bottom must be covered with crushed stone, its walls must be covered waterproofing film, and install wooden formwork outside, which should form a base and therefore rise 0.5 m above the top of the trench.
After this, support pillars can be installed in the trench and reinforcement cages. The bottom of the supports, which will be in concrete, must be treated with bitumen. Their installation should be carried out using a plumb line and building level. The vertical position of the racks must be fixed with stops made of bars.
When everything is ready, the formwork along with the trench must be filled with M400 concrete. If you prepare the mixture yourself, you will need a concrete mixer, as well as cement, sand and crushed stone in a ratio of 1:2:3.
After pouring, you need to wait until the concrete hardens. If the supports were installed in holes, this period will be a little more than a week. Hardening of the base will take almost a month. After the concrete has gained the required strength, you can line the racks with brick or stone.
Fastening purlins and other elements of a wooden fence
These fence parts are bars or slats with a small cross section, connecting the pillars and forming the frame of the span between them. When erecting a wooden fence, each purlin must be attached to the center of the support, and when installing the next span, the new purlin should be joined to an already fixed beam. Purlins can be nailed on top of a wooden support, or they can be cut into it seat for a more durable fastening.
To make the fence structure strong, the transverse purlins can be nailed, placing them in a checkerboard pattern and excluding their joining on one support. The thickness of the purlin bars should be selected depending on the thickness and weight of the lumber. The more massive it is, the stronger the purlins should be.
Their location should be parallel to each other and perpendicular to the supports. Otherwise, the appearance of the fence may be spoiled. This will be especially noticeable when installing a picket fence with gaps. The installation of purlins should be constantly monitored using a tape measure and a building level.
If a horizontal arrangement of boards is planned in a wooden fence, then the purlins must be connected with vertical guides that will carry the load from the spans. Attach purlins to wooden supports It is recommended to use galvanized self-tapping screws. If nails are used, they should be driven into the wood not vertically, but slightly at an angle.
To install the picket fence in a vertical position, it is recommended to make a template that will facilitate the work of evenly fastening the boards. The template is a strip with a width corresponding to the distance between the picket strips. If you make it T-shaped, you can additionally control the height of the picket fence.
If the picket fence will be located diagonally in a wooden fence, you need to make a frame from planks in accordance with the size of the span. The frame should be secured to supports, and then a picket fence should be nailed to it.
When making wattle fence, the support posts have a small cross-section and are mounted in relation to each other at short distances of 40-60 cm. Before installing such a fence, the vine from which it is to be woven should be soaked in water for a couple of days. After this it will be easier to work with this material. A wattle fence with horizontal or vertical branches of the vine is very beautiful and resembles a traditional village fence.
A picket fence can be fake or real. In the first case, it is a slab nailed to the purlins. Its boards must be placed closely. Much less often the palisade is real. To make it, pointed logs need to be dug into the ground. This type of fence is strong, but requires a lot of logs.
Caring for a wooden fence
Due to the fact that wood can gradually rot from constant exposure to moisture, a wooden fence requires periodic maintenance. It consists of treating boards and supports with antiseptic compounds and painting all wooden parts structures with waterproof enamels.
It is recommended to carry out such work every year, preferably in the spring. Before the next painting, old peeling enamel must be removed from the fence with a brush with metal bristles. If it is white, it will have to be painted up to three times a year. Only in this case will such a fence always look fresh.
How to make a wooden fence - watch the video:
Building a wooden fence with your own hands is absolutely not difficult. However, after its completion, such a design requires constant attention. Without him she will become vulnerable, and with good service will please everyone for a long time appearance and protection from many misfortunes.
Wooden fences are considered the most short-lived. After all, not everyone knows (or does not want to know) the secrets of wood and its processing.
An untreated pine fence will, indeed, last no more than 10 years, and then only if the lower part of the post is reliably waterproofed. If you do temporary fencing for the period of construction and improvement, then this is a completely justified decision.
It’s another matter when a tree is chosen as building material not because of its cheapness, but because of its design capabilities. After all, wood is considered the most malleable decorative processing material.
This is what the fence looks like from the first photo from the side of the yard. Agree, no less attractive...
Pay attention to the outline of the boards: how much “attention” was paid to each of them, how carefully the edges were worked out and the corners were smoothed... The photo shows sliding gates from the same yard.
How many exist? design techniques: firing, tinting, aged effect, combination with forged overlays, and finally, just perfect sanding and coating with yacht varnish.
Design options for wooden fences are given at the end of the article.
Having invested work (or cash) in creating a masterpiece of wooden architecture, you want to admire it for as long as possible. Therefore there are a number important points, which the owner of the estate should know.
Pledge OF LONGEVITY
Choose for the fence those types of wood that differ high density: Siberian larch, oak, mulberry, acacia, aspen, alder, ash. By the way, the fence is from Siberian larch can be called eternal - on the contrary, the wood of this tree becomes stronger from contact with water.
Limit the use of pine to creating a fence panel - if it wears out quickly, it is not difficult to replace it. Under no circumstances should you install a fence made of birch - it is the most unstable wood.
Support pillars for a wooden fence they can be wooden, metal or made of masonry.
The last two options will serve as a reliable support for long years. But don't write off the tree. It doesn't have to be buried in the ground.
To extend the service life, you can use special metal consoles (stands), which are concreted, and then a wooden beam is attached to them (see link on the side).
The most vulnerable part sawn wood - the one where the cut is made across the grain. A horizontal arrangement of boards or a protective canopy over vertical ones will help extend the life of a wooden fence.
Wood is vulnerable when it comes into direct contact with air: when it is wet it swells and is affected by fungus; too dry it causes it to crack. Risks can be reduced through mandatory treatment: impregnation with an antiseptic plus painting special dyes(Swedish paint, yacht varnish, impregnation with hot drying oil).
SWEDISH PAINT
- iron (copper) sulfate – 260 g,
- red lead – 260 g,
- table salt – 260 g,
- rye flour – 580 g,
- drying oil or linseed oil– 240 ml,
- water - about 4.5 l.
Composition consumption is approximately 200-300 ml/m2. Color – golden. If you require a different shade, then red lead can be replaced with ocher or manganese peroxide.
Prepare the coloring composition as follows: mix flour with 3 liters of water and boil the paste, pass it through a sieve to avoid lumps, put it back on the fire and add inkstone and salt, stirring constantly until the vitriol is completely dissolved, continuing to stir, first pour in oil (drying oil) in small portions, then water (until a liquid, homogeneous consistency is obtained).
The paint must be applied immediately because it thickens quickly. Therefore, it is better to work with two or three people, or divide the composition into smaller portions and prepare it as it is used.
WOODEN FENCE FRAME
The pitch of the support pillars is 2-3 m.
As supports, choose a round or square beam with a section of 100x100 mm or metal pipe cross-section 40x40, 40x60, 60x60 mm (with a wall thickness of 2 mm), for gates 80x80 and 100x100 mm (with a wall thickness of 3 mm). The wider the support spacing and the greater the load (weight and wind), the larger the size and thickness of the walls.
So for a fence-blind with a two-meter section, choose the minimum parameters from the above, for a continuous one, and even with forged overlays - the maximum.
If there is no choice of lumber (wood species), then budget pine is carefully treated with protective chemicals, and the posts must be installed on a concrete base.
For horizontal crossbars, a beam with a cross section of 30 (sufficient) x 50 (and wider) mm is used.
For mounting wooden crossbars on metal pole“ears” with holes for fastening are welded to it. To avoid welding work During installation, you can purchase ready-made posts with fasteners.
On the casing (shield) board is coming 25 mm thick. The width varies depending on the design.
The rest of the technological sequence, depth and method of laying, up to the chemical treatment of the frame, is the same as for a fence made of corrugated sheets:
- the frame is mounted,
- paint,
- after that they stuff the shield.
METHOD OF ATTACHING THE FRAME AND BOARDS
The most durable connection will be with self-tapping screws. Self-tapping screws are selected taking into account the following requirement: into the body wooden post(crossbars) should include 30-40 mm of thread.
Each board is secured with at least two screws on each edge.
There are options non-standard approach to fastening the boards. Here is an example of a fence assembled according to the wattle fence principle. The curved board, trying to straighten itself, is pressed tightly against the support. Although, given the flexibility of wood in a humid environment, additional fixation of each board will still have to be done.
The cladding method was used for the fence in the photo above. wood siding. Begin attaching the boards from bottom to top with an overlap of 2.5 cm.
If the boards are made with a downward slope towards the street, you will get an invisible fence that will not experience strong wind loads. There are several ways to secure boards at an angle.
In the photo on the right wooden slats nailed to a rack, which, in turn, is fixed to a support post.
Another way- nail the boards from the ends. It is important to clearly mark the wooden stand. This option is relevant for a fence with metal supports. When all sections are filled along the front and back parts, they nail a board that will cover the entire “kitchen”. A wooden cap must be placed on top of the post.
Are you interested in the question of how to mount the next section if the adjacent one restricts access to it? It is simply pushed slightly first towards the street, then towards the plot (or vice versa) to fix the lamella. Fastening to a metal support is carried out after installing adjacent sections.
Third option for support from wooden beam. Inclined cuts-grooves are made in it, into which the end of the lamellas is inserted. Each one must be screwed on with a self-tapping screw, and then a wooden overlay is made from the front part, which will hide the attachment points.
Ultimately, a wooden shutter fence will look like this. Be sure to nail the end caps to the top of the post.
Simple horizontal fastening of boards looks boring. But if you make small (up to 1.5 cm) gaps between them, the section’s canvas will take on a more modern sound. How at the same board (within reason), the more interesting and modern the finished fence looks.
It’s also a good idea to alternate boards different widths- the main thing is that adjacent sections repeat the pattern.
Don't ignore unedged board. Besides the fact that it costs less, it also looks more exclusive. The truth is not suitable for all site design styles. It will look win-win in a forest area.
Here is another option for a wooden fence in a brutalist style.
Jigsaw, wood carving knife, sanding paper and skillful hands you will need to do this original fence with the effect of a time-worn board.
Have you ever put together puzzles? So, to create these fence sections (pictured above), you first need to draw them and carve them out of boards. Each board of this fence has its own clear size and bend, that is, first a template is created, then cut, chamfered, sanded, and treated with protective chemicals. And only then are they brought down to the section. And how the elements are fixed to each other is the master’s secret...
For the slab fence in the photo above, all the wane was carefully selected, because it is unacceptable that some sections of the boards were too thin in thickness. The bark was removed, each plank was given piquant contours with a jigsaw, and the surface was sanded. All in all, cheap price the material is covered with painstaking labor.
I recommend copying this design exactly in relation to the original, or first creating a project (span diagram) of the entire fence, selecting alternating patterns. And only after making sure that the fence canvas as a whole looks harmonious can we begin implementation.
Don't get carried away with such a bright texture for everyone wooden elements yard An exclusive wins only when it is unique.