Plastering a warm house. Thermal insulating plaster for facade and interior work

A good owner, when planning the construction or renovation of his home, is obliged to think through everything to the smallest detail. In a series of issues to be resolved, one of the primary ones is always insulation - the house must have comfortable conditions for people, and decoration - everyone wants to live in an aesthetic environment. Practice shows that very often these problems intersect, and a number of technological operations are aimed at simultaneously solving both sides of the issue.

One of the materials that meets such a comprehensive concept of “insulation + finishing” is warm plaster for interior works. By applying it to the walls, the master levels them and, with correct thermal engineering calculations, at the same time gives them the required degree of thermal insulation.

This publication will be structured as follows:

Anyone who has experience in construction finishing works, can immediately calculate required thickness applying warm plaster to ensure effective thermal insulation, and then the amount of material that will be required for these purposes. To do this, two convenient calculators are located at the beginning of the article.
Beginners are advised to first familiarize themselves with the theory: the purpose and composition of warm plasters various types, with the principles of carrying out the necessary calculations, with a brief overview popular brands. After this, it will be easy to return to calculators and competently make calculations.

Calculators for calculating warm plaster

Calculator for calculating the required thickness of a warm plaster layer

The meaning of the calculation is that the enclosing structure (including, in fact, the main wall itself and layers of insulation) must have a total heat transfer resistance no lower than that established regulatory documents(SNiP) for a given region in accordance with its climatic characteristics.

warm plaster

The value of the normalized heat transfer resistance (R) can be taken from the diagram below:

Options main wall. The material to be finished with warm plaster includes the material of its manufacture and thickness in millimeters.
Warm plaster It is extremely rarely used as the main insulation, and more often becomes an addition to the main layer. It is necessary to enter the parameters of this layer: thickness and type of insulation material.

Modern humanity has come up with many different building materials that increase the service life of a building and allow construction to be completed in as soon as possible, are resistant to precipitation, while being environmentally friendly and distinguished by aesthetic beauty.

One of these materials is warm plaster for the facade. This is a modern material that has recently appeared on the building materials market and has already gained popularity due to its characteristics. It has increased performance when thermally preserved in its finished form.
In this article we will look at what warm plaster for facades is, how it is applied to the surface and what characteristics it has.

Applying warm plaster to the facade of a house

What is warm plaster for facades made from?

The whole secret of its effectiveness is hidden in the composition from which this material is made. It includes substances that are characterized by low thermal conductivity.

Plaster is made from the following substances:

sawdust;
expanded clay crumbs;
pumice and others.

Most often, in the manufacture of this plaster, a substance such as polystyrene foam is used. This is a very cheap substance, but, nevertheless, it has excellent qualities that allow you to retain heat in the room as much as possible.

Used polystyrene foam in plaster for better effect

It is also used not only for external works, but also internal ones, thereby ensuring a stable temperature in the house without sudden changes.

It is made from such traditional materials as cement, lime, as well as some other additives that make it possible to obtain excellent results on practice.

An even more traditional material for making warm plaster for facades is sawdust, which forms the base; in addition, it also contains paper, cement and clay. Thus, as we can observe, this is a very simple material that is environmentally friendly. In addition to external work, it is also used in interior work, in which it is used even more often, since its composition is such that it is sufficiently sensitive to the effects of water. Therefore, its use is quite rare for facades, but it also comes across.

This type of warm plaster is very sensitive to the effects of fungi and takes a long time to dry.

Another type of warm plaster for facades is one containing vermiculite. This rock is characterized by high hardness and is very successfully used for insulating facades.

Experts note that there are materials that better protect against cold and retain heat, but the main advantage is the low cost of the material.

Vermiculite is used in plaster for better insulation at home and comes in packages of different sizes

Warm plaster for facades still retains heat well. In addition to warm plaster for the facade, it is also often used for insulation inside. In combination this gives very good results, allowing your home to lose less heat and be less affected by cold gusty winds.

In addition, foam insulation is also used, the layer of which must be at least 10 centimeters. Only in such conditions the house will be very warm. And the walls of the house should be made of brick or reinforced concrete. Only in this way will maximum heat savings be ensured.

If you use only warm plaster for the facade, then its layer should be about 20 centimeters.

Most often, warm plaster is used, the layer of which does not exceed four centimeters. This creates conditions where the house is only slightly insulated, but the problem is not completely solved. If you use a layer of warm plaster for facades larger than five centimeters, it will be very heavy and may fall off over time under its own weight.

To understand how much weight warm plaster for facades can have, a layer of only two centimeters on an area of one square meter weighs about twelve kilograms.

When to use warm plaster for facades

When and where is plaster used:

How additional insulation at home, as well as protection from external noise, which plaster copes well with;
Additionally, you can insulate the floor and ceiling in your home;
you can also insulate windows, doors and door slopes;
insulate joints;
close up engineering Communication, pipes and pipelines, wiring.

The application process is not difficult and does not require a lot of effort, so almost anyone can insulate a house with warm plaster for facades.

How to insulate a house using warm plaster for facades

The entire work process does not require any special tools or equipment. To do this you will need the most common trowels, levels and spatulas.

Before applying plaster to the wall, you must first prepare the surface. This means that you need to remove everything that is not firmly fixed, you need to knock down the tapping plaster, which can fall off under the pressure of the plaster, which, as we have already seen, weighs quite a lot and collapse the entire structure, so this work is very important. The walls need to be primed.

Before you begin the actual process of applying it to the walls, the plaster needs to be mixed; to do this, you need to add water to the container and pour the plaster according to the manufacturer’s instructions, which are indicated on the bag. Mix this mixture thoroughly with a mixer and let it sit for about five minutes, then mix again. The mass must be homogeneous, this is very important, since in the future the plaster may not hold very tightly even through a short time crumble. To avoid lumps in the plaster, you should thoroughly clean the container after each use, and it is also better to add water when stirring rather than pouring the plaster.

Now that we have warm plaster for facades ready, we can proceed directly to the application process itself. Beacons are placed on the walls, the location of which must be leveled. When our beacons are on in the right place, apply warm plaster for facades. For this we need a trowel.

Each applied layer must be very carefully leveled and smoothed. It must be remembered that you cannot immediately apply a thick layer of plaster, since it can dry out for a very long time and fall off under its own weight or crack.

The maximum thickness of one layer cannot be more than 5 centimeters. And only after a few hours, when this layer has dried, can a new one be applied. When applying plaster for facades, do not forget that important has fastening of beacons, this is, first of all, important when we apply thick layers.

It is also important to understand that the warm plaster itself is not the end of the work, because after we finish applying it, you will need to apply a layer of some decorative material on top of it, because when the warm plaster for the facade dries, the appearance will not be very aesthetic and not every self-respecting home owner agrees to have one appearance of its façade.

Let us remind you that each material has its own purpose; warm plaster has the function of insulating a room, but is not at all suitable for adding aesthetic beautiful view the facade of your home. The process of applying this material is quite simple, even if you do not have construction experience, then completing the entire process will not be a huge difficulty, the main thing in this matter is to take it seriously and do everything correctly.

Advantages of warm plaster for facades

Since the plaster is made from affordable and common components, its price will be correspondingly low. Also a huge advantage Compared to other insulating materials, it is environmentally friendly, thanks to which you will not have any health problems, especially for people suffering from allergic reactions, for whom it is not recommended to use synthetic materials, which do not allow air to pass through well, thereby creating problems.

Both old and modern houses do not have a high degree of thermal insulation. The reason for this is thin walls made of brick and reinforced concrete. These materials conduct heat quite well.

Over time, additional troubles are added to this - cracks in the walls, destruction of finishing and sealing of joints between panel slabs.

Cost growth utility payments forces residents of both private and apartment building think about changing the situation for the better.

The condition of the walls of the house is of no small importance for creating and maintaining a comfortable microclimate during interior spaces. The walls must retain heat, be airtight and vapor permeable. House facades can be insulated both inside and outside.

External insulation is the most popular, since it does not involve reducing the internal usable area premises. Exist various options conducting

One of the ways of effective and inexpensive thermal insulation is the use of special building mixtures. This is the so-called warm plaster.

Material properties

Warm plaster is a dry mixture consisting of hollow material, cement, glue and various plasticizers. The majority of the volume of the mixture is occupied by the hollow material. Due to this, thermal insulation is achieved.

As a rule, tiny granules of polystyrene foam or foam glass are used as hollow filler.

The addition of plasticizers allows the hardened solution to maintain a certain elasticity, which prevents cracking of the surface when severe frost or wall deformation.

Polymers provide mechanical strength to the finished coating. With their help, the solution reliably adheres to the surface.

Cement is the binding ingredient for components mixtures.

Frost-resistant plaster of this type has the following positive properties:

affordable price;
vapor permeability;
low thermal conductivity;
waterproof;
strength;
resistance to wall deformation;
high degree of sound insulation;
non-flammability;
immunity to mold;
environmental cleanliness;
long service life;
resistance to high and low temperatures;
high adhesion to all materials;
low specific gravity;
high surface processing speed;
no need for additional finishing.

After application to the surface, facade plaster has a presentable appearance. In terms of thermal insulation properties, it successfully replaces coatings made from foam plastic boards.

Warm facade plaster has certain advantages over other insulation materials.

These include the following:

Frost-resistant facade plaster, after application to the wall, creates a single monolithic layer. The absence of joints can significantly improve the insulating qualities.
The work of applying the solution is carried out in one stage. This allows the solution to be applied to the surface in one working day. This factor significantly reduces the cost of work.
No cold bridges. When treating walls with warm plaster, no fastening material is used, through which the cold passes to the main walls.
The simplicity of the technology makes it possible to carry out work on one’s own, without the involvement of hired workers
During insulation of the surface it is not carried out deep drilling wall surfaces. This helps prevent the structure from weakening concrete panels and their destruction from vibration.
There is no need to level surfaces before applying the solution. Defects are eliminated immediately by applying plaster, which is an excellent filler for cracks and holes.
A unique opportunity to carry out isolation, restoration and insulation work on difficult surfaces. Due to its ability to adhere to any material and retain its shape, any convex or concave surface can be covered with a solution of warm plaster.
Frost-resistant facade plaster has a composition that prevents the appearance and proliferation of insects, bacteria and fungi. Mold will never appear in such a coating, a colony of ants or a swarm of bees will never settle.
The environmental friendliness of the material allows it to be applied to walls glazed balconies. It is much faster and cheaper than traditional insulation using lathing, glass wool and MDF panels.
There is no need to sand the finished surface after drying. It looks like a rather fashionable and practical covering for a “fur coat”.

Insulating houses with this type of plaster is quite simple process, not requiring use high technology. At its core it is regular work for plastering external walls.

The building materials market offers different kinds mixtures for insulating houses. For external work, the most suitable is a frost-resistant mixture based on foam glass or expanded polystyrene filler.

Tools and materials

To carry out work on insulating houses, goats are used, scaffolding or climbing equipment. Scaffolding and sawhorses can be rented. It will be more difficult with climbing equipment, since it requires special skills.

For quality work The following materials are needed:

Warm plaster. Frost-resistant facade plaster is sold in bags weighing 12 kg and 25 kg. Average mixture consumption per 1 sq. m of base, with a layer thickness of 40 mm, is about 15 kg. As a rule, such a layer is sufficient to achieve the set goal of insulation and waterproofing.
Liquid primer. Purchased in quantities required for high-quality processing grounds. Material consumption for all types of surfaces is indicated on the packaging.
Self-tapping screws and dowels for installing beacons. Purchased at the rate of 6 sets per 1 sq. m.
Reinforcement mesh. Necessary to strengthen the material when applying two layers with a total thickness of more than 40 mm. The area of the mesh should be 30% larger than the area of the base, taking into account its overlap.

To insulate facades, there are enough tools that are found in almost every home.

The list of such tools and devices is quite small:

hammer drill with a set of concrete drills and a mixer;
hammer;
screwdriver;
steel spatulas 10 cm and 50 cm;
notched spatula 40-50 cm;
building level;
paint brush;
paint roller;
roller made of dense material;
plaster rule;
safety glasses and gloves;
container for mixing the solution (at least 30 l);
buckets for solution;
rope for lifting buckets.

In stores you can inquire about the availability of rental construction equipment. Such specific devices as a plaster rule, trestles or scaffolding may subsequently not be needed for decades, and will take up quite a lot of space.

Preparatory work

Before insulating a house, it is necessary to prepare the wall surface.

This process includes the following actions:

removal of protruding fragments of reinforcement, brick and concrete;
cleaning the surface from unstable old coating, paint and bitumen;
clearing interpanel joints from stone chips and old insulating material;
sealing large cracks and holes with façade sealant;
degreasing and removing dust from the base for insulation;
treating the base with a liquid primer;

After the primer has dried, apply it to the base. thin layer solution. This technique is used to improve the adhesion strength of the solution to the base. The layer thickness should be 3-5 mm.

In a day you can start working.

Application of the solution to the surface must be carried out in dry, warm weather. The place of work is required in mandatory fence with caution tape. First of all, scaffolding, sawhorses and climbing equipment are installed.

This is done as follows:

The mixture is poured from the bag into the container. Considering high consumption material (30-40 liters of solution per 1 sq. m), you need to mix at least 12 kg of the mixture. Don't experiment or get creative by adding other substances. This can only ruin it.
Water is poured into the container. The proportions for preparing the solution are indicated on the packaging of the material. Using a mixer inserted into a perforator, the ingredients are mixed at low speeds. Depending on the volume of material, this takes from 5 to 10 minutes.
The resulting solution should be left alone for 8-10 minutes, then mixed again. This is necessary to achieve complete homogeneity of the resulting material. After that you can use it. Liquid warm plaster retains its working qualities for 3-4 hours.

It should be taken into account that when high temperatures time to use ready solution may decrease to 1.5-2 hours. And, at temperatures above +35ºС, it is not recommended to carry out work.

Laying is carried out in the following order:

Beacons are installed every 40-50 cm. This will make it possible to lay out a layer of mortar of precisely adjusted thickness. The recommended size of one layer of plaster is no more than 40 mm. Otherwise, the material will slip and deform under its own weight.
The solution is applied to the wall with a wide spatula. For ease of use, you can first apply the mixture with a smaller spatula. After treatment 1-1.5 linear meters walls, the surface is leveled according to the rule. Excess solution is collected in a bucket and reused.
The beacons are removed from the holes. The remaining holes are filled with solution, the surface is leveled.
If the coating thickness is more than 40 mm, glue on top of the first level reinforcement mesh. It can be glued to plaster 2 hours after application to the wall.
A layer of plaster is applied to the mesh, its surface is profiled using a notched trowel. This will allow the second layer to firmly adhere to the first.
The second layer of plaster is applied in the same way as the first. Work is carried out after it hardens. This takes 1-2 days.

The treated wall has a gray, grainy surface. The owner of the house decides for himself what to do next - leave the wall as it is, or make it smooth.

An abrasive mesh and sandpaper are used for grinding. After sanding, warm plaster hardens within 3-5 days, depending on the thickness of the applied coating.

Finishing

The finishing of the insulation applied to the facade of a house can be carried out in various ways.

For these purposes, the following materials are used:

frost-resistant paint;
ceramic tile;
fake diamond;
facade thermal panels;
granite chips.

Before finishing, the surface of the coating is primed and cleaned from dirt and dust.

The paint is applied with a roller or paint brush. Smooth surface It is better to paint with a roller. For a façade finished like a fur coat, you need to use a paint brush so that the paint penetrates into all the recesses.

Coloring can be carried out in one, two or more stages until the color becomes even and uniform.

Ceramic tiles and artificial stone can be glued directly to the plaster. Its surface is dense and durable enough to withstand additional weight.

For gluing, a cement-based mixture or frost-resistant acrylic mastic is used. The seams between the tiles are filled with a special façade sealant. Cured seams can be painted to match the color of the material.

Facade panels are quite light in weight and have excellent thermal insulation properties. They can become not only a finishing material, but also additional insulation.

They are attached to the surface with an adhesive solution. Convenient fastening tongue and groove allows you to create a seamless connection of panels.

Granite chips are applied to the facade using a spray gun or manually. The basis of such coverage is clear nail polish or paint.

In addition to its undeniable beauty, granite chips will give the walls the properties of a very practical coating. It will simply be impossible to write or scratch anything on such a surface.

An insulated wall will serve the owners of the house for at least 25 years, protecting them from cold and dampness.

Warm plaster for interior work - innovative product in the field of thermal insulation of premises.

This type of material is used for finishing facades and rooms. Some manufacturers also offer universal mixtures.

The composition of the solutions differs and depends on the scope of application and the required properties.

What is warm plaster? Its composition

This type of finishing material has recently appeared on the markets. Warm plaster combines thermal insulation and leveling properties.

New construction material made on the basis of cement or gypsum with the addition of additional elements:

foam glass or foamed silicon;
pumice powder;
sawdust;
perlite;
foamed vermiculite;
granulated polystyrene foam.

Warm gypsum plaster is suitable for leveling walls and ceilings in interior spaces. Cement compositions used for both interior and exterior work.

The characteristics and properties of the additives are described in the table below.

Material	Properties
Sawdust	Ecologically pure material. One of the most affordable in price segment. You can mix warm plaster yourself with sawdust. Low level of thermal insulation.
Foam glass	Made from quartz sand. Suitable for use in rooms with high humidity. Low thermal insulation.
Vermiculite	The basis for the production of the material is mica. Fireproof, not afraid of fungi and resistant to mechanical damage. The only drawback is that it absorbs moisture well.
Expanded polystyrene	Low cost. Disadvantage: it is flammable and releases toxins when burned. High level thermal insulation.
Perlite	Environmentally friendly volcanic glass material. Perlite mixtures are easy to process and install. It is fire resistant and prevents the spread of germs and bacteria. High level of thermal insulation.

On the market today are thermal insulation types mixtures from different manufacturers. Among domestic solutions, they prefer Mishka, Umka UB-21, and Teplon solutions. Imported compounds are much more expensive, but they also differ in quality. Craftsmen pay attention to warm plaster for interior work Knauf Grundband. It is more often used to level the facade, but cement base allows you to plaster the interior as well.

Advantages and disadvantages of thermal insulation compounds

Mixtures of this type have gained the favor of masters due to a number of undeniable advantages:

high level of adhesion to any materials, including wood and drywall;
good sound insulation;
the material can be used as insulation to prevent the appearance of cold bridges, and also as an independent thermal insulation composition;
the mixtures are environmentally friendly, with the exception of those containing polystyrene foam;
the weight of the composition is much less than conventional plasters;
mixtures with the addition of perlite, vermiculite and foam glass have a high fire resistance class, and warm plasters with polystyrene foam are prone to internal combustion when exposed to high external temperatures;
easy to apply because the main binders are gypsum or cement;
the layer of warm plaster has high strength;
the mixtures are resistant to frost, temperature changes, mold, fungi and rodents.

Despite the impressive list of advantages, such compositions also have a number of negative characteristics:

the need to reinforce the surface when applying a layer thicker than 2.5-3 cm;
high weight if plaster is used as insulation;
low moisture resistance, which requires surface treatment decorative materials with additional moisture protection;
Heat-insulating plasters, of course, help retain heat, but they should not be treated like other insulation materials.

Review of mixture manufacturers

Paladium Palaplaster-207 - sound and heat insulating plaster. Most often, this type of mixture is used as a rough ball for painting or wallpapering. The main binding element is cement, and the additive is foam glass. The solution is ready for decorative finishing 3-4 days after application to the surface.

ThermoUm is a universal warm plaster for finishing work indoors and outdoors. The mixture will completely harden within 28 days, after which it will be suitable for use. finishing. Long term operation is achieved by the ability of the material to repel moisture accumulated between the wall and the ball of mortar.

UMKA UB-21 is suitable for outdoor use as it can withstand more than 30 freezing cycles. The thermal insulation mixture is made on the basis of lime and cement interspersed with foam glass granules. When installing reinforcing mesh, the thickness of this type of coating can reach 10 cm. After complete drying, the plaster needs finishing.

DeLux Teplolux - warm plaster with the addition of granulated foam glass. The composition is based on cement, which makes the mixture universal. After drying, the surface can be painted or decorated with any finishing materials. The period for complete hardening of the coating is 28 days.

Knauf Grönband is one of the most popular thermal insulation solutions among craftsmen. Warm plaster for interior work Knauf - is made on the basis of cement, therefore it is also suitable for facade works. The filler in this mixture is polystyrene foam. After drying, the layer becomes textured and moisture resistant. Plaster can be painted. The solution is applied with a special machine or manually. The price of warm plaster for interior work of the Knauf brand is quite high, but justified by the properties and characteristics of the material.

Making warm plaster yourself

Since the cost of professional thermal insulation mixtures is quite high, many craftsmen prefer to mix warm plaster for interior work with their own hands.

Step-by-step guide to preparing the mixture yourself:

In a bucket or construction trough you need to mix sand (1 part), cement (3 parts), porous additives (4 parts), discussed above, and a plasticizer. As the latter, it is allowed to use PVA glue at the rate of 50-60 g per 10 liters of mixture.
The entire solution must be thoroughly mixed with water using a mixer.
The consistency of the mixture should be like thick sour cream or semolina. If the plaster is thicker than necessary, add water, if thinner - cement-sand mixture and porous additives.
After the last mixing, the solution must be allowed to brew for 15-20 minutes.

Warm plaster application technology

Important! First of all, you need to take care of temperature conditions in the room where heat-insulating plaster will be applied. Operating temperature from +5 to +25 ℃.

Next, you need to remove the old plaster mortar, finishing and dust. Before applying the heat-insulating mixture, the wall must be primed. This will improve the adhesion of the material to the base.

After the primer has dried, warm plaster is mixed. It is important to use it within 2 hours after mixing, because after that it loses its properties.

To achieve an even application, you should use special beacons and pull the plaster along them.

Using a spatula, trowel and rule, apply the first layer of plaster. Its thickness should not be more than 20 mm. The next ball can be applied after 4 hours.

The next day, the evenness must be checked using the rule. If there are gaps, they need to be leveled. Next, the surface is sanded using sandpaper and sandpapers with different fractions.

After 3-4 weeks, if there are no defects, decorative finishing can be applied to the wall.

When leveling large area It's better to use the walls by machine applying warm plaster.

High price utilities and energy supplies may push apartment and country property owners to carry out additional work on wall insulation. One of the options for increasing the thermal properties of such bases is the use of special warm plaster. What is it and what kind of coating is there - read about all this in our article.

Thermal insulating plaster: types and features

In the formulations of warm plasters, some of the components of conventional leveling compounds are replaced with materials that can be used to enhance the thermal insulation properties of the hardened mortar. For example, quartz sand or part of it is replaced with perlite, vermiculite, polystyrene foam, etc. additives in bulk form. Cement or gypsum can be used as a binder. In the first case ready-made composition suitable for exterior and interior decoration, in the second - only for interior work due to the high hygroscopicity of gypsum.

The main part of dry mixes presented on the domestic market is perlite plaster. Expanded perlite is used as a filler, which in appearance may resemble coarse sand or small gravel of a grayish-white color. The material is quite light - bulk density around 200-400 kg per cubic meter. m. depending on the grain size. It is somewhat lower for expanded vermiculite. The density of this additive to plaster is approximately 100 kg per cubic meter. m. (bulk). Another property that must be taken into account when using thermal insulation solutions is the high hygroscopicity of hardened coatings. The hygroscopicity of the material is up to 5 volumes of water per 1 volume of expanded component.

Despite the high water absorption coefficients, vermiculite and perlite plasters can be used for external insulation of a building. The main thing is that they are not directly exposed to precipitation, and the steam passing through the walls of the house does not linger in the coating.

The low density of the solution components ensures a reduction in the mass of the finished coating, which can be taken into account when designing a house. There is an opportunity to reduce the load on the foundation and rely on a cheaper foundation for construction.

A short video about plaster based on polystyrene foam.

Two videos on how to prepare warm plaster with vermiculite.

Plaster Teplon (GK Unis)

You've probably heard about this finishing material like Teplon plaster. This is a ready-to-mix dry mixture based on gypsum binder. A special feature of the composition is the addition of perlite, a porous rock of volcanic origin. It is this additive that gives the manufacturer the right to call their plaster warm. Teplon mixtures can be used for interior decoration premises. The coating turns out to be relatively light, allows you to level the base and give it additional sound and heat insulation properties.

Types and technical characteristics

At the time of writing the review, the company produced four types of plasters under the Teplon brand. Moreover, three of them are intended for finishing dry rooms and actually have some thermal insulation properties, and the fourth, moisture-resistant modification is not positioned as “warm” (the thermal conductivity coefficient is not specified for it).

Remember that such coatings are highly hygroscopic, so we can talk about the advisability of their use only if normal humidity in room. We are talking about “warm” compositions. And do not forget that you need to insulate the walls from the outside, not from the inside. Accordingly, using completely different materials.

To be fair, we note that the thermal conductivity coefficient of Teplon plaster is 0.23 W/(m×°C), and such thermal insulation materials such as extruded polystyrene foam, regular polystyrene foam and mineral wool– 0.029÷0.032, 0.038÷0.047, 0.036÷0.055 W/(m×°C), respectively. And we remember that the lower this value, the better the heat-shielding properties are characteristic for the same thickness of the material. What does it mean? And the fact is that achieving the same thermal protection of walls when using warm Teplon plaster is more difficult than when installing a special thermal insulation material.

Work technology

Requirements for temperature and humidity conditions for work are standard: from +5 to +30 °C at relative humidity up to 75%. Because All brands of Teplon plaster are produced using gypsum binder, then the condition of the base must be appropriate: clean, dry, without damaged or poorly adhering parts of the wall material. Working surface primed with concrete active (for smooth concrete foundations) or soil deep penetration(For cellular concrete and other hygroscopic materials). Subsequent operations begin after the soil has dried.
Installation of plaster beacons is carried out according to standard scheme, only for attaching beacons use the appropriate brand of Teplon solution.
To obtain a solution of the desired consistency, add a kilogram of powder for every 450-550 ml of water. When using a moisture-resistant brand of water, take less - 160-220 ml. Mix using a special mixer or a puncher with a stirrer. After this, the mass is left alone for 5 minutes. and mix again. The further fate of the plaster is determined by the value of its viability.
The resulting composition is applied to the walls manually or mechanically (for the MN composition) in a layer 5-50 mm thick. The thickness of the ceiling covering is less - 5-30 mm.
An hour after mixing the solution, the layer of plaster is trimmed along the beacons using the rule. At this stage, all coating defects are corrected: depressions, bumps, waves, etc.
If it is necessary to apply a layer with a thickness of more than 50 mm, then this is done in several stages: layer by layer, after the previous coating has hardened, treated with a primer and over a plaster mesh.
On final stage surface glossing is possible. It is started 2 hours after trimming the set mortar. The coating is wetted clean water, rub with a special sponge grater, and the emerging milk is smoothed out with a wide spatula.

Umka

Some plaster mixtures Umka is also positioned as warm: UB-21, UF-2, UB-212. In addition to heat and soundproofing properties The manufacturer distinguishes the environmental friendliness of the compositions, their hydrophobic properties, non-flammability and frost resistance.

Compare brands of heat-insulating plasters Umka

Comparison criterion	UMKA
Comparison criterion	UB-21	UB-212	UF-2
a brief description of	For all types of stone bases for interior and exterior decoration	For walls made of gas silicate and hollow ceramic bricks. Thin-layer, for interior and facade work	Finishing layer for finishing any type of stone bases, inside or outside. Thermal insulation properties are an option. In general, plaster is decorative in nature.
Recommended layer thickness, mm	10-100	5-7	up to 20
Volume of water per 1 kg of mixture, l	0,53-0,58	0,58-0,64	0,45-0,47
Consumption of dry mixture, kg/m 2 /layer thickness, mm	3,5-4/10	2,5-2,9/5-7	1,1/2
Viability of solution, min	60	90	60
Thermal conductivity coefficient of hardened plaster, W/(m×°C)	0,065	0,1	0,13
Price/packaging	€15/9 kg		€18/12 kg

All work is carried out in almost the same order as for Unis products. Because in essence it is a similar product.

Below is short video about Umka plaster.

bear

Warm plaster Mishka is suitable for finishing walls made of any materials, both for external and internal work. The thermal conductivity declared by the manufacturer is 0.065 W/(m×°C) - the same as for Umka UB-21 products, which gives rise to some thoughts on this matter. 7 kg of dry mixture is mixed with approximately 3-3.3 liters of water, the solution consumption is approximately 3.5-4 kg/m2 at a 10 mm layer. The cost of a bag (7 kg) is approximately 650 rubles.

Knauf Grünband

Another option for a ready-made mixture from famous manufacturer. You can read more about it.

Making warm perlite plaster with your own hands

You probably already noticed that all compositions for warm plaster contain components that determine their thermal insulation properties. Most often it is perlite or vermiculite; mixtures with expanded polystyrene are also found. It is their low thermal conductivity coefficients that allow, on average, to obtain good values for finished coatings. By using such additives together with or instead of certain fillers, such as sand, as well as binders such as gypsum or cement, you can be sure of mixing a mixture with the desired properties.

Unfortunately, prices for ready-made mixtures don't inspire confidence. What if you prepare the solution yourself?! Moreover, individual components, such as cement, perlite, lime, are relatively inexpensive. For example, a ton of M500 cement can be bought for 3000-4000 rubles, 20 kg bags of slaked lime - 170 rubles each, perlite (grades M75 or M100) - approximately 1500-2000 rubles. per cubic meter If the amount of work is large and the budget for implementation is limited, then it’s time to get creative. We offer you several recipes for making warm perlite plaster with your own hands.

1 part cement to 1 part sand and 4 parts perlite (calculated by volume) is mixed with water until the required consistency is obtained (thick sour cream);
the proportions of cement and perlite by volume are 1 to 4. So, for 375 kg of cement you will need approximately 1 cubic meter of perlite sand. The mixture is mixed with 300 liters of water; PVA glue can be used as a plasticizing additive in a volume of 4-5 liters. The glue is mixed in water, to which a dry mixture of perlite and cement is subsequently added;
the volumetric ratio of cement and perlite is 1 to 5. For 290 liters of water, use 4-4.5 liters of PVA, 300 kg of cement and a cube of perlite;
- by volume: 1 portion of cement, 2 portions of sand and 3 portions of perlite. Can be used as a supplement liquid soap or PVA in an amount of no more than 1% by weight of cement;
270 liters of water will require a cube of perlite and 190 kg of cement;
1 volume of cement, 4 volumes of perlite, approximately 0.1% by weight of cement, PVA glue;
the volume ratio of cement to perlite is in the range of 1:4÷1:8. The additive can be liquid soap, detergent for dishes, PVA – up to 1% by weight of cement;
pre-prepare the mixing solution (hereinafter referred to as RZ): dissolve the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) in a measured volume of water in a volume of 0.5% of the expected volume of warm plaster, as well as plasticizers - 0.5% by weight of the subsequently added cement. All components are thoroughly mixed and the solution is allowed to settle until the viscosity of the CMC increases. Further variations are possible depending on what density the plaster needs to be obtained (bucket - 10 l). For example, for 12 liters of RZ add 12 liters of cement, 2 buckets of perlite, 2.5 buckets of sand (the density of the resulting solution is approximately 1500 kg per cubic meter). For the same volume of RP, 1.5 buckets of sand, 3 buckets of perlite, 1 bucket of cement are poured - a mixture with a density of 1200 kg per cube is obtained. For 20 liters you can mix about 5 buckets of perlite, 1 bucket of sand, 12 liters of cement - we get a solution with a density of about 800-900 kg per cubic meter

All these PVA and liquid soap can be replaced with superplasticizers, for example, from Poliplast. This component is very important, because it determines the behavior of the solution and the mixture’s need for the volume of mixing water.

You must understand that any recipes are given for guidance only. To achieve success, you will have to experiment with the ratio of components and test the resulting solutions in operation. And only after the mixture is ideal for your finishing conditions, you can mix large volumes. Special attention Pay attention to the water absorption capacity of thermal insulation components. They actively retain moisture, which, if there is a lack of mixing water, can affect the technology of hardening the cement mixture.

Finally

If you do not perceive warm plaster as the only solution for insulating a residential building, but only as an opportunity to bring the thermal characteristics of the building to required values, then the result will not be long in coming. Using such a solution, you can simultaneously level the base and give it new properties. And don’t be afraid to experiment with making your own plaster – it will cost less than buying ready-made mixtures!